NAM (Nahum)
NAM.1 • NAM.2 • NAM.3
NAM.1
[NAM.1.1] The burden of Nineveh, the book of the vision of Nahum the Godkoshite. [§]
Massa Nineveh sefer chazon Nahum ha Godkoshite.
'Massa' means 'burden' or 'oracle'; 'Nineveh' is the name of the city; 'sefer' means 'book'; 'chazon' means 'vision' or 'prophecy'; 'Nahum' is the prophet's name; 'ha' means 'the'; 'Godkoshite' translates the demonym originally 'Elkoshite' where the element 'El' (the name of God) is rendered literally as 'God', and 'koshite' indicates a person from Kosh.
[NAM.1.2] God jealous and avenger Yahveh, avenger Yahveh and owner of wrath, avenger Yahveh against his enemies, and he is a pursuer of his enemies. [§]
El kan-no ve-no-kem Yahveh nokem Yahveh u-ba'al khe-ma nokem Yahveh le-tza-ra-v ve-no-ter hu le-oy-va-v.
'El' means 'God', 'kan-no' means 'jealous', 've-no-kem' means 'and avenger', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'nokem' again means 'avenger', 'u-ba'al' means 'and owner', 'khe-ma' means 'wrath', 'le-tza-ra-v' means 'against his enemies', 've-no-ter' means 'and he is a pursuer', 'hu' means 'he', 'le-oy-va-v' means 'to his enemies'.
[NAM.1.3] Yahveh is long of patience and great in strength, and pure does not become impure. Yahveh in a whirlwind and in the wind his way, and a cloud is the dust of his feet. [§]
Yahveh erekh apayim ugedol koach v'nakeh lo yinnakeh Yahveh be-sufa u-bisherah darcho ve-anann avak raglav.
'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH. 'erekh' means 'long' or 'patient'. 'apayim' means 'nostrils' but idiomatically conveys 'patience'. 'u' is the conjunction 'and'. 'gedol' means 'great' and 'koach' means 'strength' or 'power'. 'v' is 'and'. 'nakeh' means 'pure'. 'lo' means 'not'. 'yinnakeh' means 'will become impure' (negated by the preceding lo, so 'does not become impure'). The second occurrence of 'Yahveh' is again the divine name. 'be-sufa' means 'in a whirlwind' or 'in a storm'. 'u-bisherah' means 'and in the wind'. 'darcho' means 'his way' or 'his path'. 've-anann' means 'and a cloud'. 'avak' means 'dust' or 'soil'. 'raglav' means 'of his feet' (his feet).
[NAM.1.4] He who stirs the sea and dried it, and all the rivers he devastated; cursed Bashan and Carmel, and the blossom of Lebanon cursed. [§]
go'er ba-yam vayabsehu ve'chol ha-nerot hecheriv ummal bashan ve'karmel uferach levanon ummal.
'go\'er' means 'he stirs' or 'he agitates', 'ba-yam' means 'in the sea', 'vayabsehu' means 'and he dried it', 've\'chol' means 'and all', 'ha-nerot' means 'the rivers', 'hecheriv' means 'he destroyed' or 'he devastated', 'ummal' means 'cursed', 'bashan' refers to the region of Bashan, 've\'karmel' means 'and Carmel' (another region), 'uperach' means 'and blossom', 'levanon' means 'of Lebanon', and the final 'ummal' again means 'cursed'.
[NAM.1.5] The mountains shook from him, and the hills sank down, and the earth rose up before him, and the world, and all who dwell in it. [§]
ha-rim raashu mimeenu ve-hagveot hitmogagu va-tisa ha-aretz mipanehu ve-tevel ve-khol-yoshvei bah.
'ha-rim' means 'the mountains', 'raashu' means 'shook' or 'trembled', 'mimeenu' means 'from him', 've-hagveot' means 'and the hills', 'hitmogagu' means 'sank down' or 'melted', 'va-tisa' means 'and (it) lifted' or 'rose up', 'ha-aretz' means 'the earth', 'mipanehu' means 'before him', 've-tevel' means 'and the world', 've-khol-yoshvei' means 'and all who dwell', 'bah' means 'in it'.
[NAM.1.6] Before his fury, who will stand? And who will rise in the abyss of his anger? His wrath is like fire, and the strongholds are shattered by him. [§]
Lifnei zaamo mi yaamod u-mi yakum ba-charon apono chamatoh nitteka keesh ve-hatzurim nittzu mimenu.
'Lifnei' means 'before', 'zaamo' means 'his fury', 'mi' means 'who', 'yaamod' means 'will stand', 'u-mi' means 'and who', 'yakum' means 'will rise', 'ba-charon' means 'in the pit' or 'in the abyss', 'apono' (actually 'apo') means 'of his anger', 'chamatoh' means 'his wrath', 'nitteka' means 'is like', 'keesh' means 'fire', 've-' means 'and', 'hatzurim' means 'the strongholds' or 'the fortified places', 'nittzu' means 'are broken' or 'are shattered', 'mimenu' means 'from him' or 'by him'.
[NAM.1.7] Good Yahveh for a refuge in a day of trouble and knows those who take shelter in him. [§]
tov Yahveh le maoz be yom tsarah ve yodea chosai bo.
'tov' means 'good', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'le' means 'to' or 'for', 'maoz' means 'refuge' or 'stronghold', 'be' means 'in', 'yom' means 'day', 'tsarah' means 'trouble' or 'distress', 've' means 'and', 'yodea' means 'knows', 'chosai' means 'those who seek shelter', 'bo' means 'in him'.
[NAM.1.8] And in the flood passing, all will be done in its place, and his enemies will pursue darkness. [§]
uveshetf ober kalah yaase mekomah veoyevav yeradef choshech.
'uveshetf' means 'and in the flood', 'ober' means 'passing', 'kalah' means 'all' or 'everything', 'yaase' means 'will do' or 'will make', 'mekomah' means 'its place', 'veoyevav' means 'and his enemies', 'yeradef' means 'will pursue', 'choshech' means 'darkness'.
[NAM.1.9] What will you think about Yahveh? He does all; you will not rise twice into trouble. [§]
mah tehashvuun el Yahveh kala hu oseh lo takum pa'amayim tzarah.
'mah' means 'what', 'tehashvuun' means 'you will think' or 'you consider', 'el' means 'to' or 'toward', 'Yahveh' is the name of God (YHVH), 'kala' means 'all' or 'everything', 'hu' means 'he', 'oseh' means 'does' or 'makes', 'lo' means 'not', 'takum' means 'you will arise' or 'you will rise', 'pa'amayim' means 'twice', 'tzarah' means 'trouble' or 'distress'.
[NAM.1.10] Because the pots are boiled, and as they are roasted they are devoured like dry reeds full. [§]
ki ad-siriyim sevu'chim u'kesav'am sevu'im uk'lu ke-kash yavesh maleh.
'ki' means 'because', 'ad-siriyim' means 'to the pots' ('ad' = 'to/until', 'siriyim' = plural of 'pot'), 'sevu'chim' means 'are boiled', 'u'kesav'am' means 'and as they are burned/roasted', 'sevu'im' means 'they are devoured/eaten', 'uk'lu' means 'they have been eaten', 'ke-kash' means 'like a reed', 'yavesh' means 'dry', 'maleh' means 'full'.
[NAM.1.11] From you came a planner of evil against Yahveh, a counselor without deceit. [§]
Mimmech yatsa choshev al Yahveh raah yoetz beli yaal.
'Mimmech' means 'from you', 'yatsa' means 'came out' or 'went out', 'choshev' means 'planner' or 'one who thinks', 'al' means 'against', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'raah' means 'evil', 'yoetz' means 'counselor', 'beli' means 'without', and 'yaal' (from the root for deceit or wickedness) means 'deceit' or 'wickedness'.
[NAM.1.12] Thus says Yahveh: If they are perfect and so many, and so they will be humbled and pass, and I will answer you, I will not answer you any longer. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh im shlemim vechen rabim veche n nagozzu ve'abar ve'innitekh lo a'aneikh od.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'im' means 'if', 'shlemim' means 'complete' or 'perfect', 'vechen' means 'and so' (appears twice), 'rabim' means 'many', 'nagozzu' means 'they will be humbled' or 'cut down', 've'abar' means 'and will pass', 've'innitekh' means 'and I will answer you', 'lo' means 'not', 'a'aneikh' means 'I will answer you', 'od' means 'anymore' or 'again'.
[NAM.1.13] Now I will break its support from upon you and I will loosen your bindings. [§]
ve'atah eshbor motehu me'alayich u-mosrotayich anatek.
've'atah' means 'now' or 'and now', 'eshbor' means 'I will break', 'motehu' means 'its support' or 'what makes it stumble', 'me'alayich' means 'from upon you', 'u-' is the conjunction 'and', 'mosrotayich' means 'your bindings' or 'your restraints', and 'anatek' means 'I will loosen' or 'I will cut loose'.
[NAM.1.14] The Yahveh commands concerning you: He will not sow from your name any more from the house of your God. I will cut down the idol and the veil, I will set your grave, because it is light. [§]
ve-tzivah alaykha Yahveh lo yizara mishmekha od mi-beit Elohekha akhrith pesel u-masekha asim qivrekha ki kalot.
've-tzivah' means 'and (he) commands', 'alaykha' means 'concerning you', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'lo' means 'not', 'yizara' means 'will sow', 'mishmekha' means 'from your name', 'od' means 'anymore', 'mi-beit' means 'from the house of', 'Elohekha' means 'your God' (God being the literal translation of El), 'akhrith' means 'I will cut down', 'pesel' means 'idol', 'u-masekha' means 'and the veil', 'asim' means 'I will set', 'qivrekha' means 'your grave', 'ki' means 'because', 'kalot' means 'it is light'.
NAM.2
[NAM.2.1] Behold, on the mountains the feet of the herald who announces peace, rejoice, Judah, your festivals, fulfill your vows, for he will not increase your wickedness any more; all has been cut off. [§]
Hineh al-heharim raglei mevasser mashmia shalom chagi Yehudah chaggayich shalmi nedarayich ki lo yosef od laavur-bach beli yaal kullo nikhrat.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'al' means 'on', 'heharim' means 'the mountains', 'raglei' means 'the feet of', 'mevasser' means 'the herald' or 'one who brings good news', 'mashmia' means 'who announces', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'chagi' means 'rejoice' (imperative), 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'chaggayich' means 'your festivals', 'shalmi' means 'fulfill' (imperative), 'nedarayich' means 'your vows', 'ki' means 'for', 'lo' means 'not', 'yosef' means 'will add' or 'will increase', 'od' means 'anymore', 'laavur-bach' means 'to your wickedness' (literally 'to the perverse thing in you'), 'beli' means 'without', 'yaal' means 'evil', 'kullo' means 'all', 'nikhrat' means 'has been cut off' or 'is cut off'.
[NAM.2.2] Rise, O Spreader, upon your face; keep guard over the fortified place; watch the road; be strong, your loins; be courageous, strength exceedingly. [§]
ala mefitz alpanayich natsor metsura tzafeh-derekh chazek matnayim ametz koach meod.
'ala' means 'rise' or 'go up'; 'mefitz' is a participle meaning 'one who spreads' or 'scatterer'; 'alpanayich' means 'upon your face' (i.e., in your presence); 'natsor' means 'guard' or 'keep watch'; 'metsura' means 'a fortified place' or 'stronghold'; 'tzafeh-derekh' means 'watch the road' or 'guard the way'; 'chazek' means 'be strong'; 'matnayim' means 'loins', a biblical metaphor for strength; 'ametz' means 'be courageous' or 'be stout'; 'koach' means 'strength' or 'power'; 'meod' means 'very' or 'exceedingly'.
[NAM.2.3] For Yahveh has turned the pride of Jacob, as the pride of Israel, because they were humbled and their singers were cut off. [§]
ki shav Yahveh et ge'on Ya'akov kig'eon Yisrael ki veqaqum bokkim u'zmoreihem shichetu.
'ki' means 'for', 'shav' means 'has turned back', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of the LORD, 'et' is the direct object marker, 'ge'on' means 'pride', 'Ya'akov' means 'Jacob', 'kig'eon' means 'as the pride of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'ki' again means 'because', 'veqaqum' means 'they were humbled' (literally 'they have become low'), 'bokkim' means 'early' or 'morning' (here a poetic way of saying 'they were brought low'), 'u''zmoreihem' means 'and their singers', 'shichetu' means 'they cut off' or 'they were destroyed'.
[NAM.2.4] Shield of his mighty ones, humbled, men of valor overthrown by fire of missiles, the chariot on the day of its preparation, and the bronze trembled. [§]
Magen giborehu meadam anshei-chayil metulla'im beesh-peladot harechev be-yom hachino vehabroshim harealu.
'Magen' means 'shield', 'giborehu' means 'of his mighty ones', 'meadam' means 'humble' or 'humiliated', 'anshei-chayil' means 'men of valor', 'metulla'im' means 'overthrown' or 'struck down', 'beesh-peladot' means 'by fire of missiles', 'harechev' means 'the chariot', 'be-yom' means 'on the day', 'hachino' means 'of its preparation', 'vehabroshim' means 'and the bronze', 'harealu' means 'trembled'.
[NAM.2.5] In the outskirts they will whirl; the rider shall be hushed in the streets; their appearance is like torches, like lightning they shall rush. [§]
Ba chutzot yithol'lu ha-rechev yishtaksh'kun ba-rechovot mar'eihem ka-lapiddim ka-braqim yerotsetzu.
'Ba' means 'in the', 'chutzot' means 'outskirts' or 'outer streets', 'yithol'lu' means 'they will whirl' or 'spin', 'ha-rechev' means 'the rider' or 'the one who rides', 'yishtaksh'kun' means 'they shall be hushed' or 'silenced', 'ba-rechovot' means 'in the streets', 'mar'eihem' means 'their appearance' or 'their looks', 'ka-lapiddim' means 'like torches' (lamps), 'ka-braqim' means 'like lightning', 'yerotsetzu' means 'they shall dart' or 'rush swiftly'.
[NAM.2.6] He will remember his mighty ones; they will stumble in their walks, they will be ashamed of its wall, and the covering will be set right. [§]
Yizkor adirav yikkashlu ba-halakotam yemaharu chomatah ve'hukan ha-sokech.
'Yizkor' means 'He will remember', 'adirav' means 'his mighty ones' (from 'adir' = mighty, with the suffix '-av' = his), 'yikkashlu' means 'they will stumble', 'ba-halakotam' means 'in their walks/steps', 'yemaharu' means 'they will be ashamed', 'chomatah' means 'its wall', 've'hukan' means 'and it will be corrected/set right', 'ha-sokech' means 'the covering' or 'the veil'.
[NAM.2.7] The gates of the rivers were opened and the temple was shaken. [§]
Sha'arei ha neharot niftachu vehaheichal namog.
'Sha'arei' means 'gates of', 'ha' means 'the', 'neharot' means 'rivers', 'niftachu' means 'were opened', 've' means 'and', 'haheichal' means 'the temple', 'namog' means 'was shaken'.
[NAM.2.8] And it was set the wheel of her ascent, and her sisters are like the voice of doves flapping upon their hearts. [§]
vehutzzav gullta ho'alatah ve'amhoteyha menahagot ke'kol yonim metopfot al-levavehen.
'vehutzzav' means 'and it was set/established', 'gullta' (or 'gulltah') means 'the wheel' or 'circular thing', 'ho'alatah' means 'her ascent' or 'her rising', 've'amhoteyha' means 'and her sisters' (or 'her companions'), 'menahagot' means 'are like' or 'resemble', 'ke'kol' means 'as the voice of', 'yonim' means 'doves', 'metopfot' means 'flapping' or 'beating', 'al-levavehen' means 'upon their hearts'.
[NAM.2.9] And Nineve is like a flood of water from its waters, and they flee, they stand, they stand, and there is no obstacle. [§]
veNinveh khevrekhat-mayim mi-ymei hi vehem nasim imdu amodu veein mafneh.
've' means 'and', 'Ninveh' is the name of the city Nineveh, 'khevrekhat' means 'like a flood' (from the root *kavar* 'to flood'), 'mayim' means 'water', 'mi-ymei' means 'from the waters of', 'hi' means 'it', 'vehem' means 'and they', 'nasim' means 'flee', 'imdu' means 'they stood', 'amodu' is a repeated form meaning 'they stood' or 'they stood firm', 'veein' means 'and there is no', 'mafneh' means 'obstacle' or 'hindrance'.
[NAM.2.10] They despise silver, they despise gold, and there is no limit to desire; every precious thing is heavy. [§]
Bozu kesef bozu zahav veEin ketzeh latkhunah kaved mikol keli chemda.
'Bozu' means 'they despise', 'kesef' means 'silver', 'zahav' means 'gold', 'veEin' means 'and there is not', 'ketzeh' means 'end or limit', 'latkhunah' means 'to the desire or craving', 'kaved' means 'heavy', 'mikol' means 'from all', 'keli' means 'thing or vessel', 'chemda' means 'desirable or precious'.
[NAM.2.11] Weeping and weeping and bruised, and a heart melted, and a crack in the knees, and a tearing in all the loins, and the faces of all who gathered were scorched. [§]
buka u-mebuka u-mebulla ve-lev namess u-pik birchayim ve-chalchala bechol-matnayim u-pnei kulam kibetsu paarur.
'buka' means 'weeping', 'u-mebuka' means 'and weeping', 'u-mebulla' means 'and bruised' (from the root balak meaning to be crushed), 've-lev namess' means 'and a heart melted', 'u-pik birchayim' means 'and a crack in the knees', 've-chalchala bechol-matnayim' means 'and a tearing in all the loins', 'u-pnei kulam' means 'and the faces of all', 'kibetsu' means 'they gathered/collected', 'paarur' is a rare adjective meaning 'scorched' or 'blasted'.
[NAM.2.12] Where is the lion's den and the pasture for the young goats? A lion went there; the lion dwells there, and there is no one to restrain it. [§]
eyeh meon aryot umireh hu l'kfarim asher halakh aryeh lavi sham gur aryeh ve'ein macharid.
'eyeh' means 'where', 'meon' means 'dwelling' or 'den', 'aryot' means 'lions', 'umireh' means 'and pasture', 'hu' means 'it is', 'l'kfarim' means 'for the young goats', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'halakh' means 'went' or 'walked', 'aryeh' means 'lion', 'lavi' means 'to the open area', 'sham' means 'there', 'gur' means 'dwells' or 'lives', 've'ein' means 'and there is no', 'macharid' means 'one who restrains or stops'.
[NAM.2.13] Lion, devourer of its young, and smotherer of its hearts, and filled the prey of its jaws and its dwelling with spoil. [§]
Arieh toref be'dei gorotav u-mechanek leliv'otav vayimale-tereph chorav u-me'onotav trepah.
'Arieh' means 'lion', 'toref' means 'devourer' or 'tearing', 'be'dei' means 'by the' or 'of the', 'gorotav' means 'its young' (its cubs), 'u-mechanek' means 'and suffocates' or 'and smothers', 'leliv'otav' means 'its hearts', 'vayimale-tereph' means 'and filled (the) prey', 'chorav' means 'its jaws' or 'its holes', 'u-me'onotav' means 'and its dwelling', 'trepah' means 'spoil' or 'dead prey'.
[NAM.2.14] Behold, I am to you, says Yahveh of hosts; and I will burn its chariot in smoke, and your young will be devoured by the sword, and I will cut you off from the earth, and the voice of your messengers will no longer be heard. [§]
hineni elayich ne'um Yahveh tzevaot vehibarti be'ashan richbah ukefirayich to'chal charev vekhariti me'eretz tarp'ekh velo yishma od kol malachekha.
'hineni' means 'Behold, I am'; 'elayich' means 'to you' (addressed to a female); 'ne'um' means 'says'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH; 'tzevaot' means 'hosts' (armies); 'vehibarti' means 'and I will burn'; 'be'ashan' means 'in smoke'; 'richbah' means 'its chariot'; 'ukefirayich' means 'and your young/offspring'; 'to'chal' means 'will eat' or 'will devour'; 'charev' means 'the sword'; 'vekhriti' means 'and I will cut off'; 'me'eretz' means 'from the earth'; 'tarp'ekh' means 'your [one]'; 'velo' means 'and not'; 'yishma' means 'will be heard'; 'od' means 'again'; 'kol' means 'voice'; 'malachekha' means 'of your messengers'.
NAM.3
[NAM.3.1] Woe, city of blood, all of it like ash, a fragment full, not a scrap remains. [§]
Hoy Ir damim kullah kachash perek m'leah lo yamish taref.
'Hoy' means 'woe', an expression of lament. 'Ir' means 'city'. 'Damim' means 'blood'. 'Kullah' means 'all of it' or 'completely'. 'Kachash' means 'like ash' (as something reduced to ash). 'Perek' means 'a fragment' or 'a piece'. 'M'leah' means 'full' or 'filled'. 'Lo' means 'not'. 'Yamish' means 'remains' or 'is left'. 'Taref' means 'scrap', 'refuse' or 'trash'. The phrase paints a picture of a city drenched in blood, completely reduced to ash, with only a fragment full and no scrap left.
[NAM.3.2] A blast and a voice of noise, a horn, and a galloping horse, and a dancing chariot. [§]
Kol shot vkol raash ofan vsus doher umerkava merakeda.
'Kol' means 'voice', 'shot' means 'blast' or 'crash', 'vkol' means 'and voice', 'raash' means 'noise' or 'clamor', 'ofan' means 'horn', 'vsus' means 'and horse', 'doher' means 'galloping' or 'flashing', 'umerkava' means 'and chariot', 'merakeda' means 'dancing'.
[NAM.3.3] A rider goes up, and the flaming sword, and the flash of a dagger, and great plunder, and a heavy corpse; and there is no end to the oppression, they will bring it to an end in their oppression. [§]
parash ma'aleh ve-lahav cherav uve rak chanit ve-rov chalal ve-choved pagar ve'eyn ketzeh lagviya yechaslu bigviatam.
'parash' means 'rider' or 'one who rides', 'ma'aleh' means 'going up' or 'rising', together 'parash ma'aleh' conveys 'a rider goes up'. 've-lahav' means 'and the flame', 'cherav' means 'sword', together 've-lahav cherav' = 'and the flaming sword'. 'uve' means 'and', 'rak' means 'flash' or 'spark', 'chanit' means 'dagger', so 'uve rak chanit' = 'and the flash of a dagger'. 've-rov' means 'and much' or 'abundant', 'chalal' means 'spoil, plunder', giving 'and great plunder'. 've-choved' means 'and heavy', 'pagar' means 'corpse' or 'dead body', so 'and a heavy corpse'. 've'ey n' means 'and there is no', 'ketzeh' means 'end' or 'limit', 'lagviya' means 'to the oppression' (the word for oppression or subjugation), thus 'and there is no end to the oppression'. 'yechaslu' means 'they will finish' or 'they will bring to an end', 'bigviatam' means 'in their oppression' or 'their oppression'.
[NAM.3.4] From the multitude of the harlot's whoredoms, grace is good to the female owner of braids, the one who sells nations by her whoredoms and families in her braids. [§]
me'rov zenunei zonah tovath chen ba'alat keshafim ha-mokheret goyim biznuneyha u-mishpachot bikshafeha.
'me'rov' means 'from the multitude', 'zenunei' means 'the whoredoms of', 'zonah' means 'the harlot', 'tovath' means 'is good', 'chen' means 'grace' or 'favor', 'ba'alat' means 'the owner (female) of', 'keshafim' means 'of the braidings' (figuratively 'of the curls'), 'ha-mokheret' means 'who sells', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'biznuneyha' means 'by her whoredoms', 'u-mishpachot' means 'and families', 'bikshafeha' means 'in her braidings'.
[NAM.3.5] Behold, I am to you, says Yahveh of hosts, and I will uncover your shame before your face, and I will show nations your disgrace and kingdoms your downfall. [§]
Hineni elayich ne'um Yahveh Tzevaot ve-giloti shulayich al-paneyich ve-har'iti goyim ma'arek u-mamlakhot k'lonayich.
'Hineni' means 'behold, I am'; 'elayich' means 'to you' (feminine); 'ne'um' means 'says'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH; 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in armies of heaven); 've-giloti' means 'and I will uncover'; 'shulayich' means 'your shame'; 'al-paneyich' means 'before your face'; 've-har'iti' means 'and I will show'; 'goyim' means 'nations'; 'ma'arek' means 'your disgrace' or 'your shame'; 'u-mamlakhot' means 'and kingdoms'; 'k'lonayich' means 'your downfall' or 'your ruin'.
[NAM.3.6] And I will cast filth upon you, and you will be defiled, and I will make you like a fire. [§]
ve-hishlaktI alayich shikutzim ve-nibbaltich ve-samti-ich ke-roi.
've' means 'and', 'hishlaktI' means 'I will cast', 'alayich' means 'upon you (feminine)', 'shikutzim' means 'filth' or 'excrement', 've' again means 'and', 'nibbaltich' means 'you will be defiled' (from the root NBL, to become spoiled), 've' again means 'and', 'samti' means 'I will make' (from the root SMR, to set or place), 'ich' is the second‑person feminine pronoun attached to the verb, 'ke' means 'like' or 'as', and 'roi' (spelled רוֹאִי) is understood here as a noun meaning 'a fire' (cf. Hebrew רוּחַ for flame, poetic usage).
[NAM.3.7] And it shall be that all who see you will give praise from you, and he will say, 'Nineveh has been plundered; who will go to it? From where shall I seek comfort for you.' [§]
vehayah kol roayich yiddod mimmek veamar shadeda Nineveh mi yanod lah meayin avakesh menachamim lakh.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be'; 'kol' means 'all'; 'roayich' means 'those who see you' (ro = see, ayich = you fem); 'yiddod' means 'will give praise' or 'will rejoice'; 'mimmek' means 'from you'; 'veamar' means 'and he said'; 'shadeda' means 'has been plundered' or 'has been laid waste'; 'Nineveh' is the city Nineveh; 'mi' means 'who'; 'yanod' means 'will go' or 'will wander'; 'lah' means 'to it/her'; 'meayin' means 'from where'; 'avakesh' means 'I will seek'; 'menachamim' means 'comforts' or 'consolations'; 'lakh' means 'for you' (feminine).
[NAM.3.8] Will she be more beautiful than the faithful one, the one who dwells by the streams, waters surrounding her, whose sea army, from the sea, is her wall. [§]
Hateitvi minno amon hayoshveha bayorim mayim saviv lah asher-cheil yam miyam chomatah.
'Hateitvi' means 'Will she be more beautiful', 'minno' means 'than it/him', 'amon' means 'faithful' or 'secure', 'hayoshveha' means 'the one who dwells', 'bayorim' means 'in the streams', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'saviv' means 'around', 'lah' means 'her', 'asher-cheil' means 'whose army', 'yam' means 'sea', 'miyam' means 'from the sea', 'chomatah' means 'her wall'.
[NAM.3.9] Ethiopia was strong, and Egypt, and there was no end; Put and the Luvites were in your help. [§]
Kush atsmah umitsrayim veein ketzeh put veluvim hayu beezratekh.
'Kush' means 'Ethiopia', 'atsmah' means 'strong', 'umitsrayim' means 'and Egypt', 'veein' means 'and there is not', 'ketzeh' means 'end', 'put' is a proper name of a people, 'veluvim' means 'and the Luvites', 'hayu' means 'were', 'beezratekh' means 'in your help' (addressed to the divine).
[NAM.3.10] Also she went into exile, also her children were scattered at the head of all the streets, and on her nobles they cast lots, and all her great ones were torn in pieces. [§]
gam-hee la-golah hal-ka ba-shevi gam o-la-leiha ye-ru-tshu be-rosh kal chu-tzot ve-al nik-bad-eya ya-du gor-ol ve-kal ge-dole-ya rut-ku ba-zi-keem.
'gam' means 'also', 'hee' means 'she', 'la-golah' means 'to exile', 'hal-ka' means 'went', 'ba-shevi' means 'in captivity', 'o-la-leiha' means 'her children', 'ye-ru-tshu' means 'were scattered', 'be-rosh' means 'at the head of', 'kal' means 'all', 'chu-tzot' means 'streets', 've-al' means 'and on', 'nik-bad-eya' means 'her nobles', 'ya-du' means 'they cast', 'gor-ol' means 'lots', 'ge-dole-ya' means 'her great ones', 'rut-ku' means 'were torn', 'ba-zi-keem' means 'in pieces'.
[NAM.3.11] Even you will be hired, you will become hidden; also you will seek help from the enemy. [§]
Gam at tishk'ri tehI na'alama gam at tevakhshi ma'oz me'oyev.
'Gam' means 'even' or 'also', 'at' means 'you' (feminine singular), 'tishk'ri' is the future verb meaning 'you will be hired' or 'you will be paid', 'tehI' means 'you will become' or 'you will be', 'na'alama' means 'hidden' or 'concealed', the second 'gam' repeats 'also', 'at' again 'you', 'tevakhshi' is the future verb meaning 'you will seek', 'ma'oz' means 'help' or 'refuge', and 'me'oyev' means 'from the enemy' or 'from the oppressor'.
[NAM.3.12] All your fortified figs with the first-ripe, if they sway and fall upon the eater's mouth. [§]
Kol-mivtzarayich te'enim im-bikkurim im yino'u ve'naflu al-pi okhel.
'Kol' means 'all', 'mivtzarayich' means 'your fortified places' (plural), 'te'enim' means 'figs', 'im' means 'with', 'bikkurim' means 'the first-ripe (fruits)', 'im' again means 'if', 'yino'u' means 'they sway' or 'they swing', 've'naflu' means 'and they fall', 'al-pi' means 'upon the mouth of', 'okhel' means 'the eater'.
[NAM.3.13] Behold, your people are women in your midst; for your enemies an opening has been opened, the gates of your land have been devoured by fire in your crevices. [§]
Hineh ammekh nashim bekirbekha leoyevaykha patoch niftechu sha'arei artzeykha akhala esh berichayikh.
'Hineh' means 'behold', 'ammekh' means 'your people', 'nashim' means 'women', 'bekirbekha' means 'in your midst', 'leoyevaykha' means 'to your enemies', 'patoch' means 'an opening' or 'open', 'niftechu' means 'they were opened', 'sha'arei' means 'gates of', 'artzeykha' means 'your land', 'akhala' means 'devoured' or 'ate', 'esh' means 'fire', 'berichayikh' means 'in your holes/crevices'.
[NAM.3.14] Drink from the spring, be strong from your fortress, go into the brick and crush with the mortar, hold the white. [§]
mei matsor sha'avi lakh hazki mibtzarayich bo'i vattit verimsi bachomer hachaziki malben
'mei' means 'from the water', 'matsor' means 'fountain' or 'spring', 'sha'avi' means 'I will draw' or 'I will drink', 'lakh' means 'to you' (feminine), 'hazki' means 'be strong', 'mibtzarayich' means 'from your fortress' (plural), 'bo'i' means 'come in' or 'enter', 'vattit' means 'the brick', 'verimsi' means 'and crush', 'bachomer' means 'with the mortar', 'hachaziki' means 'hold' or 'grasp', 'malben' means 'the white' (referring to white plaster or lime).
[NAM.3.15] There fire will eat you, the sword will cut you, fire will eat you like a jackal, be exalted like a jackal, be exalted like a snake. [§]
sham tokhlekh esh takritekh herev tokhlekh kayalek hitkabeid kayalek hitkabbedi ka'arbeh.
'sham' means 'there', 'tokhlekh' means 'you will eat', 'esh' means 'fire', 'takritekh' means 'you will cut', 'herev' means 'sword', second 'tokhlekh' repeats 'you will eat', 'kayalek' means 'like a jackal' (or similar wild animal), 'hitkabeid' means 'be exalted' or 'be glorified', the second 'kayalek' repeats 'like a jackal', 'hitkabbedi' is the feminine form of 'be exalted', and 'ka'arbeh' means 'like a snake'.
[NAM.3.16] You increased your herd from the stars of the heavens, it shone plainly and flew. [§]
hirbeit rokhlayich mikokve hashamayim yelek pasht vayaof.
'hirbeit' means 'you (feminine) increased', 'rokhlayich' means 'your herd', 'mikokve' means 'from the stars', 'hashamayim' means 'the heavens', 'yelek' means 'it shone' or 'it flashed', 'pasht' means 'plainly' or 'simply', 'vayaof' means 'and it flew'.
[NAM.3.17] From your incense like a calf and your tresses like a heap of goats, the shepherds in the cattle on a cold day the sun rose and went out and his place was not known where. [§]
min nezarayich ka'arbeh ve'tafserayich ke-gov gobai ha'chonim ba-gederot be-yom kara shemesh zaracha ve-nodad ve-lo nodda mekomo a-yam
'min' means 'from', 'nezarayich' means 'your incense/offering', 'ka'arbeh' means 'like a calf', 've' means 'and', 'tafserayich' means 'your tresses/locks', 'ke-gov' means 'like a heap', 'gobai' means 'of goats', 'ha'chonim' means 'the shepherds', 'ba-gederot' means 'in the folds/cattle', 'be-yom' means 'on a day', 'kara' means 'cold', 'shemesh' means 'sun', 'zaracha' means 'rose', 've-nodad' means 'and went out', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'nodda' means 'known', 'mekomo' means 'his place', 'a-yam' means 'where'.
[NAM.3.18] Your shepherds have been humbled, O king of Assyria; your mighty ones will settle, your people have fled upon the mountains, and there is no gatherer. [§]
namu roeka melech ashur yishkenu addireka nafosh ammeka al heharim veein mekabetz.
'namu' means 'they have been humbled', 'roeka' means 'your shepherds', 'melech' means 'king', 'ashur' means 'Assur (king of Assyria)', 'yishkenu' means 'they will settle', 'addireka' means 'your mighty ones', 'nafosh' means 'they have fled', 'ammeka' means 'your people', 'al heharim' means 'upon the mountains', 'veein' means 'and there is no', 'mekabetz' means 'gatherer' or 'one who assembles'.
[NAM.3.19] There is none like you to break you, inherit your blow, all who hear your voice strike a hand upon you, because upon whom your evil has never passed, always. [§]
Ein kehah leshivrekha nachlah makkatekh kol shomei shimekha taku kaf alekha ki al-mi lo avrah ra'atekha tamid.
'Ein' means 'there is not' or 'none'. 'kehah' is understood as 'like' or 'similar'. 'leshivrekha' means 'to break you' (from the root shavar). 'nachlah' means 'inheritance' or 'portion'. 'makkatekh' means 'your blow' or 'your strike'. 'kol' means 'all'. 'shomei' means 'those who hear'. 'shimekha' means 'your hearing' or 'your word'. 'taku' means 'they will strike' or 'they will clap'. 'kaf' means 'hand' (the palm). 'alekha' means 'upon you'. 'ki' means 'because' or 'for'. 'al-mi' means 'upon whom' or 'against whom'. 'lo' means 'not'. 'avrah' means 'has passed over' or 'has crossed'. 'ra'atekha' means 'your evil' or 'your wrath'. 'tamid' means 'always' or 'ever'.