JER (Jeremiah)
JER.1 • JER.2 • JER.3 • JER.4 • JER.5 • JER.6 • JER.7 • JER.8 • JER.9 • JER.10 • JER.11 • JER.12 • JER.13 • JER.14 • JER.15 • JER.16 • JER.17 • JER.18 • JER.19 • JER.20 • JER.21 • JER.22 • JER.23 • JER.24 • JER.25 • JER.26 • JER.27 • JER.28 • JER.29 • JER.30 • JER.31 • JER.32 • JER.33 • JER.34 • JER.35 • JER.36 • JER.37 • JER.38 • JER.39 • JER.40 • JER.41 • JER.42 • JER.43 • JER.44 • JER.45 • JER.46 • JER.47 • JER.48 • JER.49 • JER.50 • JER.51 • JER.52
JER.1
[JER.1.1] The words of Jeremiah son of Hilkijah, from the priests at Anathoth in the land of Benjamin. [§]
Divrei Yirmeyahu ben Hilkiah min hakohanim asher ba'anatot be'eretz Binyamin.
'Divrei' means 'the words', 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'ben' means 'son (of)', 'Hilkiah' is a proper name, 'min' means 'from', 'hakohanim' means 'the priests', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'ba'anatot' means 'in Anathoth' (a town), 'be'eretz' means 'in the land', 'Binyamin' means 'Benjamin'.
[JER.1.2] The word of Yahveh was to him in the days of Joash son of Ammon, king of Judah, in the thirteenth year of his reign. [§]
Asher haya divr-Yahveh elav bimeh Yoashiyahu ben-Amon melek Yehudah bishlosh-esserah shanah lemalcho.
'Asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'haya' means 'was', 'divr-Yahveh' means 'the word of Yahveh' (YHVH translated as Yahveh), 'elav' means 'to him', 'bimeh' means 'in the days of', 'Yoashiyahu' is the Hebrew form of the name Joash, 'ben-Amon' means 'son of Ammon', 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'bishlosh-esserah' means 'in the thirteenth' (literally 'in three-ten', i.e., thirteen), 'shanah' means 'year', 'lemalcho' means 'of his reign'.
[JER.1.3] And it happened in the days of Jehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah, until the twelfth year of Zedekiah son of Josiah king of Judah, until the carrying away of Jerusalem in the fifth month. [§]
Vayehi bimei Yehoyakim ben Yoshiyahu melek Yehudah ad tom ashtei esreh shanah leTzidkiyahu ben Yoshiyahu melek Yehudah ad g'lot Yerushalayim bachodesh hachamishi.
'Vayehi' means 'And it happened', 'bimei' means 'in the days of', 'Yehoyakim' is the name Jehoiakim, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Yoshiyahu' is the name Josiah, 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'ad' means 'until', 'tom' means 'the twelfth', 'ashtei' means 'year', 'esreh' means 'of', 'shanah' means 'year', 'leTzidkiyahu' is the name Zedekiah, 'g'lot' means 'carrying away', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'bachodesh' means 'in the month of', 'hachamishi' means 'the fifth'.
[JER.1.4] And the word of Yahveh to me, saying. [§]
Vayehi devar Yahveh elai leemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was' or 'and it came to pass', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'leemor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.1.5] Before I formed you in the womb I knew you; and before you go out of the womb I consecrated you a prophet to the nations and appointed you. [§]
Beterem etzorkha babeten yedaticha uverterem tetse merachem hikdashticha navi lagoyim netaticha.
'Beterem' means 'before', 'etzorkha' means 'I formed you', 'babeten' means 'in the womb', 'yedaticha' means 'I knew you', 'uverterem' means 'and before', 'tetse' means 'you go out', 'merachem' means 'from the womb', 'hikdashticha' means 'I consecrated you', 'navi' means 'prophet', 'lagoyim' means 'to the nations', 'netaticha' means 'I gave you' or 'I appointed you'.
[JER.1.6] And I said, Ah! my Lord Yahveh, behold, I do not know the word because I am a youth. [§]
Va'omar ahah adonai yahveh hineh lo-yada'ti dabar ki na'ar anochi.
'Va'omar' means 'and I said', 'ahah' is an exclamation like 'ah' or 'alas', 'adonai' means 'my Lord', 'yahveh' is the rendered form of YHVH, 'hineh' means 'behold', 'lo-yada'ti' means 'I do not know', 'dabar' means 'the word' or 'speech', 'ki' means 'because', 'na'ar' means 'youth' or 'young man', 'anochi' means 'I'.
[JER.1.7] Yahveh said to me, 'Do not say, I am a boy, for regarding everything I send you you shall go, and regarding everything I command you you shall speak.' [§]
Vayomer Yahveh elai al toomer na'ar anochi ki al kol asher eshlachcha telech ve'et kol asher atzavkha tedabber.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'al' means 'do not', 'toomer' means 'say', 'na\'ar' means 'young man' or 'boy', 'anochi' means 'I', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'al' means 'regarding', 'kol' means 'all', 'asher' means 'that which', 'eshlachcha' means 'I send you', 'telech' means 'you will go', 've\'et' means 'and', 'kol' again 'all', 'asher' again 'that which', 'atzavkha' means 'I command you', 'tedabber' means 'you will speak'.
[JER.1.8] Do not be afraid of them, for I am with you to rescue you, says Yahveh. [§]
Al-tira mip'nehem ki itcha ani lehatzilcha ne'um Yahveh.
'Al' means 'do not', 'tira' means 'be afraid', 'mip'nehem' means 'from them', 'ki' means 'for', 'itcha' means 'with you', 'ani' means 'I', 'lehatzilcha' means 'to rescue you', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.1.9] And Yahveh sent his hand and touched the mouth, and Yahveh said to me, Behold, I have put my word in your mouth. [§]
Vayishlach Yahveh et-yado vayagga al-pi vayomer Yahveh elai hineh natati devarai be-picha.
"Vayishlach" means "and he sent", "Yahveh" is the literal translation of YHVH, "et-yado" means "his hand", "vayagga" means "and touched", "al-pi" means "on the mouth", "vayomer" means "and said", "Yahveh" again as the name of God, "elai" means "to me", "hineh" means "behold", "natati" means "I have given/put", "devarai" means "my word", and "be-picha" means "in your mouth".
[JER.1.10] See, I have appointed you this day over the nations and over the kingdoms to inherit and to crush and to destroy and to raze, to build and to plant. [§]
Re'eh hipkadticha hayom hazeh al hagoyim ve'al hamamlachot lintosh velintotz uleh'aved ve'laharos livnot velintoa.
'Re'eh' means 'see', 'hipkadticha' means 'I have appointed you', 'hayom' means 'today', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'al' means 'over', 'hagoyim' means 'the nations', 've'al' means 'and over', 'hamamlachot' means 'the kingdoms', 'lintosh' means 'to inherit', 'velintotz' means 'and to crush', 'leh'aved' means 'and to destroy', 've'laharos' means 'and to raze', 'livnot' means 'to build', 'velintoa' means 'and to plant'.
[JER.1.11] And the word of Yahveh came to me, saying, 'What do you see, Jeremiah?' And I said, 'I see a staff of watchfulness.' [§]
Vayehi devar Yahveh elai le'emor ma attah ro'eh Yirmeyahu v'omar makel shaked ani ro'eh.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was' or 'and it happened', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'ma' means 'what', 'attah' means 'you', 'ro'eh' means 'seeing', 'Yirmeyahu' is the proper name Jeremiah, 'v'omar' means 'and I said', 'makel' means 'staff' or 'measuring rod', 'shaked' means 'watchful' or 'sober', 'ani' means 'I', and the final 'ro'eh' again means 'see' or 'am seeing'.
[JER.1.12] And Yahveh said to me, You have done well to see, because I am vigilant over my word to do it. [§]
Vayomer YHVH elai heitavta lir'ot ki shoked ani al devari la'asoto
'Vayomer' means 'And he said', 'YHVH' means 'Yahveh', 'elai' means 'to me', 'heitavta' means 'you have made good' or 'you have done well', 'lir'ot' means 'to see', 'ki' means 'because', 'shoked' means 'I am watching' or 'I am vigilant', 'ani' means 'I', 'al' means 'over', 'devari' means 'my word', 'la'asoto' means 'to do it' or 'to fulfill it'.
[JER.1.13] And the word of Yahveh to me again, saying, 'What are you seeing?' I answered, 'I see a blown jar, and its face is toward the north.' [§]
Vayhi dvar Yahveh elai shenit le'emor mah attah ro'eh va'omar sir nafuch ani ro'eh ufanav mipnei tzafonah.
'Vayhi' means 'and it happened', 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'shenit' means 'again' or 'second', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'mah' means 'what', 'attah' means 'you', 'roeh' means 'see', 'va'omar' means 'and I said', 'sir' means 'jar' or 'pot', 'nafuch' means 'blown', 'ani' means 'I', 'roeh' again means 'see', 'ufanav' means 'its face', 'mipnei' means 'from before' or 'in front of', 'tzafonah' means 'the north'.
[JER.1.14] And Yahveh said to me, 'From the north you will unleash disaster upon all the inhabitants of the earth.' [§]
vayyomer Yahveh elai mizafon tippath haraah al kol yoshvei haaretz.
'vayyomer' means 'and he said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH as "Yahveh", 'elai' means 'to me', 'mizafon' means 'north', 'tippath' means 'you will open' or 'you will unleash', 'haraah' means 'disaster' or 'evil', 'al' means 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'yoshvei' means 'those who dwell' or 'inhabitants of', and 'haaretz' means 'the earth'.
[JER.1.15] For behold I am calling to all families of the northern kingdoms says Yahveh and they will come and they will give a man his seat the opening of the gates of Jerusalem and on all its walls around and on all the cities of Judah. [§]
Ki hineini kore lechol mishpachot mamlekhot tzfonah neum Yahveh uvao ve-natnu ish kiso petach shaarei Yerushalayim ve al kol chomoteiha saviv ve al kol arei Yehudah.
'Ki' means 'for', 'hineini' means 'behold I am', 'kore' means 'calling', 'lechol' means 'to all', 'mishpachot' means 'families', 'mamlekhot' means 'kingdoms', 'tzfonah' means 'of the north', 'neum' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'uvao' means 'and they will come', 've-natnu' means 'and they will give', 'ish' means 'a man', 'kiso' means 'his seat', 'petach' means 'the opening', 'shaarei' means 'gates of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 've al' means 'and on', 'kol' means 'all', 'chomoteiha' means 'its walls', 'saviv' means 'around', 've al' again means 'and on', 'kol' again means 'all', 'arei' means 'the cities of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah'.
[JER.1.16] And I will speak my judgments against them for all their evil which they have forsaken me, have cut to other Gods, and have bowed down to the works of their own hands. [§]
ve-dibarti mishpatai otam al kol ra'atam asher azavuni vayekatru leElohim acherim vayishtachavu lema'asei yedeihem.
've' means 'and', 'dibarti' means 'I will speak', 'mishpatai' means 'my judgments', 'otam' means 'them', 'al' means 'against' or 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'ra'atam' means 'their evil', 'asher' means 'which', 'azavuni' means 'they have forsaken me', 'vayekatru' means 'and they have cut' (in the sense of shaping idols), 'leElohim' means 'to the Gods', 'acherim' means 'other', 'vayishtachavu' means 'and they have bowed down', 'lema'asei' means 'to the works of', 'yedeihem' means 'their hands'.
[JER.1.17] And you shall loosen your waistband, and you shall arise and speak to them all that I command you, do not be afraid before them lest you die before them. [§]
ve'atah te'azor matnecha ve'kamta ve'dibarta aleihem et kol asher anochi atzavecha al-techat mipneihem pen achitkha lifneihem.
've'atah' means 'and you', 'te'azor' means 'will loosen', 'matnecha' means 'your waistband', 've'kamta' means 'and you will arise', 've'dibarta' means 'and you will speak', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'asher' means 'that', 'anochi' means 'I', 'atzavecha' means 'command you', 'al-techat' means 'do not be afraid', 'mipneihem' means 'before them', 'pen' means 'lest', 'achitkha' means 'you die', 'lifneihem' means 'before them'.
[JER.1.18] And I, behold, have given you today a fortified city, a pillar of iron, and bronze walls over all the land for the kings of Judah, for its princes, for its priests, and for the people of the land. [§]
va'ani hinneh netaticha hayom le'ir mibtzar u'le'amud barzel u'le'cholomot nechoshet al kol ha'aretz le'malkei Yehudah le'sareiha le'koheineiha u'le'am ha'aretz.
'va'ani' means 'and I', 'hinneh' means 'behold', 'netaticha' means 'I have given you', 'hayom' means 'today', 'le'ir' means 'to a city', 'mibtzar' means 'fortified', 'u'le'amud' means 'and to a pillar', 'barzel' means 'of iron', 'u'le'cholomot' means 'and to walls', 'nechoshet' means 'of bronze', 'al' means 'over', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha'aretz' means 'the land', 'le'malkei' means 'for the kings of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'le'sareiha' means 'for its princes', 'le'koheineiha' means 'for its priests', 'u'le'am' means 'and for the people', 'ha'aretz' means 'of the land'.
[JER.1.19] And they will fight against you, and they will not be able to you, because I am with you, says Yahveh, to save you. [§]
ve-nilchamu eilekha ve-lo yuchlu lakh ki itkha ani ne'um Yahveh le-hatzilekha.
've-nilchamu' means 'and they will fight', 'eilekha' means 'against you', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yuchlu' means 'they will be able', 'lakh' means 'to you', 'ki' means 'because', 'itkha' means 'with you', 'ani' means 'I', 'ne\'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'le-hatzilekha' means 'to save you'.
JER.2
[JER.2.1] And the word of Yahveh to me, saying. [§]
Vayehi devar Yahveh elai leemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was' or 'and it came to pass', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'leemor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.2.2] Going and you shall call in the ears of Jerusalem, saying, Thus says Yahveh: I have remembered to you the kindness of your youth, the love of your maidens, your walking after me in the wilderness, in a land not sown. [§]
Halokh veqarata beaznei Yerushalayim leemor koh amar Yahveh zacharti lakh chesed ne'urayich ahavat kelulotayich lekhetich acharai bamidbar beeretz lo zeruah.
'Halokh' means 'going' or 'you go', 'veqarata' means 'and you shall call', 'beaznei' means 'in the ears of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'leemor' means 'to say', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'zacharti' means 'I have remembered', 'lakh' means 'to you', 'chesed' means 'kindness', 'ne'urayich' means 'your youth', 'ahavat' means 'love of', 'kelulotayich' means 'your maidens', 'lekhetich' means 'your walking', 'acharai' means 'after me', 'bamidbar' means 'in the wilderness', 'beeretz' means 'in a land', 'lo' means 'not', 'zeruah' means 'sown'.
[JER.2.3] Holy Israel to Yahveh, the beginning of its fruit; all its eaters will be ashamed, evil will come upon them, declares Yahveh. [§]
Kodesh Yisrael laYahveh Reshit Tevuato kol-ochlavyo yeashamu raah tavo alehem neum-Yahveh.
'Kodesh' means 'holy' or 'holy one'; 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'; 'laYahveh' means 'to/for Yahveh' (YHVH translated as Yahveh); 'Reshit' means 'beginning' or 'first'; 'Tevuato' means 'its fruit' or 'its produce'; 'kol-ochlavyo' means 'all its eaters' (kol = all, ocḥlav = eaters, -yo = its); 'yeashamu' means 'will be ashamed' or 'will be disgraced'; 'raah' means 'evil' or 'wickedness'; 'tavo' means 'will come'; 'alehem' means 'upon them'; 'neum-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh' (ne'um = declares, Yahveh = YHVH).
[JER.2.4] Hear the word of Yahveh, O house of Jacob, and all the families of the house of Israel. [§]
Shema'u dvar Yahveh beit Yaakov vechol mishpachot beit Yisrael.
'Shema'u' means 'hear' (imperative plural), 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'beit' means 'house', 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'mishpachot' means 'families' or 'clans', the second 'beit' again means 'house', and 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[JER.2.5] Thus says Yahveh: What have your ancestors found in me that is injustice, because they turned away from me and went after the vanity, and they were led astray. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh ma-matzu avoteikhem bi avol ki rachaku me'alai vayelchu acharei hahevel vayehbalu.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'ma-matzu' means 'what have they found', 'avoteikhem' means 'your ancestors/fathers', 'bi' means 'in me', 'avol' means 'injustice', 'ki' means 'because', 'rachaku' means 'they turned away', 'me'alai' means 'from me', 'vayelchu' means 'and they went', 'acharei' means 'after', 'hahevel' means 'the vanity/deception', 'vayehbalu' means 'and they were confused/led astray'.
[JER.2.6] And they said not, 'Where is Yahveh, the One who lifts us up from the land of Egypt, who leads us through the wilderness, in a barren and parched land, in a land of thirst and death, a land through which no man has passed, and where no man has dwelt?' [§]
Ve-lo amru ayyeh Yahveh ha-ma'aleh otanu me'eretz Mitzrayim ha-molich otanu ba-midbar be'eretz aravah ve-shucha be'eretz tziyah ve-tzelmavet be'eretz lo-avar bah ish ve-lo-yashav adam sham.
'Ve-lo' means 'and not', 'amru' means 'they said', 'ayyeh' means 'where is', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'ha-ma'aleh' means 'the one who lifts up', 'otanu' means 'us', 'me'eretz Mitzrayim' means 'from the land of Egypt', 'ha-molich' means 'the one who leads', 'ba-midbar' means 'in the wilderness', 'be'eretz aravah' means 'in a desert land', 've-shucha' means 'and parched', 'be'eretz tziyah' means 'in a land of thirst', 've-tzelmavet' means 'and death', 'be'eretz lo-avar bah' means 'in a land through which no one has passed', 'ish' means 'a man', 've-lo-yashav adam sham' means 'and no man dwelt there'.
[JER.2.7] I will bring you to the land of Carmel to eat its fruit and its goodness, and you came and defiled my land, and you have made my inheritance an abomination. [§]
vaavi etchem el-aretz hakarmel leekhol piratah vetova ve'tav'u ve'ttam'hu et-arts'i ve'nachalati samtem leto'evah.
'vaavi' means 'I will bring', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'el-aretz' means 'to the land', 'hakarmel' means 'of Carmel', 'leekhol' means 'to eat', 'piratah' means 'its fruit', 'vetova' means 'and its goodness', 've'tav'u' means 'and you came', 've'ttam'hu' means 'and you defiled', 'et-arts'i' means 'my land', 've'nachalati' means 'and my inheritance', 'samtem' means 'you have made', 'leto'evah' means 'an abomination'.
[JER.2.8] The priests did not say where Yahveh is, and the captors of the law do not know me, and the shepherds have transgressed against me, and the prophets have prophesied about Baal, and after they have not risen they walked. [§]
ha-koheanim lo amru a-yeh Yahveh ve-tof'shei ha-torah lo yedau-ni ve-har'iyim pasheu bi ve-hannevi'im nib'u ba-baal ve-acharei lo-yo'alu halachu.
"ha-koheanim" means "the priests", "lo" means "not", "amru" means "they said", "a-yeh" means "where", "Yahveh" is the literal translation of YHVH, "ve-tof'shei" means "and the captors of", "ha-torah" means "the law", "lo" means "not", "yedau-ni" means "they do not know me", "ve-har'iyim" means "and the shepherds", "pasheu" means "have transgressed/sinned", "bi" means "against me", "ve-hannevi'im" means "and the prophets", "nib'u" means "have prophesied", "ba-baal" means "about Baal", "ve-acharei" means "and after", "lo-yo'alu" means "they have not risen/ascended", "halachu" means "they walked".
[JER.2.9] Therefore I will contend with you, says Yahveh, and I will contend with your sons, the sons of your sons. [§]
Lachen od ariv ittechem ne'um Yahveh ve'et b'nei b'neichem ariv.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'od' means 'still' or 'again', 'ariv' means 'I will contend' or 'I will fight', 'ittechem' means 'with you' (plural), 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH, 've'et' is a conjunction meaning 'and', 'b'nei' means 'the sons of', 'b'neichem' means 'your sons', and the final 'ariv' repeats the verb 'I will contend'.
[JER.2.10] For they crossed the islands of Kittim and saw, and they sent cedar and examined it greatly, and they saw, behold, it was like this. [§]
Ki ivru iyye kitttim ve'ru ve kedar shilchu ve hitbonnu me'od ve'ru hen hayta kazo't.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ivru' means 'they crossed', 'iyye' means 'islands', 'kitttim' is a place name often rendered 'Kittim', 've'ru' means 'and they saw', 've' means 'and', 'kedar' means 'cedar', 'shilchu' means 'they sent', 've' means 'and', 'hitbonnu' means 'they examined', 'me'od' means 'greatly', 've'ru' means 'and they saw', 'hen' means 'behold', 'hayta' means 'it was', 'kazo't' means 'like this' or 'thus'.
[JER.2.11] The haughty nation the Gods, and they are not the Gods, and my people turn his glory without benefit. [§]
haheimir goi elohim vehema lo elohim veami heimir kevodo belo yoil.
'haheimir' means 'the haughty' (a literal rendering of the Hebrew adjective), 'goi' means 'nation', 'elohim' means 'the Gods' (plural), 'vehema' means 'and they', 'lo' means 'not', the second 'elohim' again means 'the Gods', 'veami' means 'and my people', 'heimir' means 'turn' or 'make turn', 'kevodo' means 'his glory', 'belo' means 'without', and 'yoil' means 'benefit' or 'useful thing'.
[JER.2.12] Listen, heavens, concerning this, and let the sword be sharpened greatly, says Yahveh. [§]
Shomu shamayim al zot ve'sa’aru chervu me'od ne'um Yahveh.
'Shomu' means 'Listen!' (imperative plural), 'shamayim' means 'the heavens', 'al' means 'concerning' or 'about', 'zot' means 'this', 've' is a conjunction meaning 'and', 'sa’aru' (from the root ש-ע-ר) means 'they will be sharpened' or 'made keen', 'chervu' (from the root ח-ר-ב) means 'the sword' or 'cutting', 'me'od' means 'greatly' or 'very', and 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh' (the name of the LORD).
[JER.2.13] For two evils have my people done to me: they have forsaken the source of living water to cut for them wells, broken wells that cannot hold the water. [§]
Ki-shetayim ra'ot asah ami oti azvu mekor mayim chayyim lachatzov lahem bo'arot bo'arot nishbarim asher lo-yachlu ha-mayim.
'Ki' means 'for', 'shetayim' means 'two', 'ra'ot' means 'evils' or 'wrongs', 'asah' means 'have done', 'ami' means 'my people', 'oti' means 'against me' or 'to me', 'azvu' means 'they have forsaken' or 'abandoned', 'mekor' means 'source' or 'spring', 'mayim' means 'water', 'chayyim' means 'living' (as in 'living water'), 'lachatzov' means 'to cut' or 'to quarry', 'lahem' means 'for them', 'bo'arot' means 'wells' (plural), the second 'bo'arot' repeats for emphasis, 'nishbarim' means 'broken', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo-yachlu' means 'cannot hold', 'ha-mayim' means 'the water'.
[JER.2.14] The servant Israel, if he begets a house, why was he a liar. [§]
ha'eved Yisrael im-yeled bayit hu madua hayah lavaz.
'ha'eved' means 'the servant', 'Yisrael' is the name 'Israel', 'im' means 'if', 'yeled' means 'begets' or 'gives birth', 'bayit' means 'house', 'hu' means 'he', 'madua' means 'why', 'hayah' means 'was', 'lavaz' means 'a liar'.
[JER.2.15] Upon him the angry ones shouted, they gave their voice, and they made his land a disgrace; his cities were laid waste, without an inhabitant. [§]
alav yishagu kefirim natnu kolam vayashitu eratsu leshama arav nitzu mibiley yosev.
'alav' means 'upon him', 'yishagu' means 'they will be angry or shout', 'kefirim' means 'like furnaces' (a metaphor for fierce anger), 'natnu' means 'they gave', 'kolam' means 'their voice', 'vayashitu' means 'and they placed/made', 'eratsu' means 'his land', 'leshama' means 'for shame or disgrace', 'arav' means 'his cities', 'nitzu' means 'were cut off or laid waste', 'mibiley' means 'without', 'yosev' means 'an inhabitant'.
[JER.2.16] Even the sons of Nof and the concealed will graze you, Kaddok. [§]
gam b'nei nof ve-tachpanes yir'uch kaddok.
'gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'b'nei' means 'sons of', 'nof' is a proper name meaning 'Nof', 've' means 'and', 'tachpanes' is a verbal noun from a root meaning 'to conceal' or 'to hide', 'yir'uch' is a verb meaning 'they will graze' with the second‑person masculine singular object suffix 'you', and 'kaddok' is an onomatopoetic noun meaning something like 'flutter' or a proper name.
[JER.2.17] Is not this what you will do for yourself, you have left the Yahveh your God at the time that guides you on the road. [§]
halo-zot ta'aseh-lekh azvekh et-Yahveh Eloheykh be'et molichkha ba-derekh
'halo' means 'is not', 'zot' means 'this', 'ta'aseh' means 'you will do', 'lekh' means 'for yourself (feminine)', 'azvekh' means 'you have left/abandoned', 'et' is the direct object marker (no translation), 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH, 'Eloheykh' means 'your God', 'be'et' means 'at the time', 'molichkha' means 'that guides you', 'ba-derekh' means 'on the road'.
[JER.2.18] Now, what is it to you to go the way of Egypt to drink black water, and what is it to you to go the way of Assyria to drink river water? [§]
ve'atah ma-lach le-derekh Mi-tzrayim li-sh'tot mei Shi-chor u-ma-lach le-derekh Ashur li-sh'tot mei Na-har.
've'atah' means 'now', 'ma' means 'what', 'lach' means 'for you' (or 'to you'), 'le-derekh' means 'to the way', 'Mi-tzrayim' means 'of Egypt', 'li-sh'tot' means 'to drink', 'mei' means 'water of', 'Shi-chor' means 'black', 'u' means 'and', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria', 'Na-har' means 'river'.
[JER.2.19] May your evil be bound, and your rebels be rebuked, and know and see that evil and bitter have forsaken you, the Yahveh your the Gods, and not my fear to you, says my Lord Yahveh of hosts. [§]
Teyasrek raatekh u-meshuvotayikh tokhukh u-dei u-rei ki ra ve-mar azvekh et-Yahveh Elohayikh velo pachdati elayikh ne'um Adonai Yahveh Tzevaot.
'Teyasrek' means 'you will bind', 'raatekh' means 'your evil', 'u-meshuvotayikh' means 'and your rebels', 'tokhukh' means 'your rebuke', 'u-dei' means 'and know', 'u-rei' means 'and see', 'ki' means 'for', 'ra' means 'evil', 've-mar' means 'and bitter', 'azvekh' means 'has forsaken you', 'et-Yahveh' includes the direct object marker 'et' and 'Yahveh' which is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohayikh' means 'your the Gods' (Elohim translated as 'the Gods'), 'velo' means 'and not', 'pachdati' means 'my fear', 'elayikh' means 'to you', 'ne'um' means 'the utterance of', 'Adonai' is translated as 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' again is the literal name of the divine, and 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts'.
[JER.2.20] Because from eternity I have broken your yoke, I have cut off your cords, and you said, 'I will not serve, because on every high hill and under every fresh tree you are a lewd whore.' [§]
ki meolam shavarti ulkh nitaketi mosrotayikh vatoamri lo eevod ki al kol gibah gvohah vetechat kol etz raanah at tzoah zonah.
'ki' means 'because', 'meolam' means 'from eternity', 'shavarti' means 'I have broken', 'ulkh' means 'your yoke', 'nitaketi' means 'I have cut off', 'mosrotayikh' means 'your cords', 'vatoamri' means 'and you said', 'lo' means 'not', 'eevod' means 'I will serve', 'ki' means 'because', 'al' means 'on', 'kol' means 'every', 'gibah' means 'hill', 'gvohah' means 'high', 'vetechat' means 'and under', 'kol' means 'every', 'etz' means 'tree', 'raanah' means 'fresh' or 'green', 'at' means 'you (feminine)', 'tzoah' means 'lewd' or 'harlot', 'zonah' means 'whore'.
[JER.2.21] And I have planted you a sprout, the whole seed of truth; and how have you turned for me the foreign branches of the vine. [§]
Ve'anokhi neta'ttik shorek kullo zera emet ve eich nehhapakt li surei hagefen nakhriyah.
'Ve' means 'and', 'anokhi' means 'I', 'netat-ti' means 'have planted (you)', 'shorek' means 'sprout' or 'shoot', 'kullo' means 'all', 'zera' means 'seed', 'emet' means 'truth', 've' again means 'and', 'eich' means 'how', 'nehhapakt' (feminine) means 'you have turned', 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me', 'surei' means 'branches', 'hagefen' means 'of the vine', 'nakhriyah' means 'foreign' or 'strange'.
[JER.2.22] For if you will wash in the nether and you will increase your curse, your iniquity will be written before me, says my Lord Yahveh. [§]
Ki im tekhabbsi baneter ve-tarbi-lakh borit nikhtam avonekh lefanai ne'um Adonai Yahveh.
'Ki' means 'for', 'im' means 'if', 'tekhabbsi' means 'you will wash/cleanse', 'baneter' means 'in the nether', 've' means 'and', 'tarbi' means 'you will increase', 'lakh' means 'for yourself', 'borit' means 'cursed', 'nikhtam' means 'will be written', 'avonekh' means 'your iniquity', 'lefanai' means 'before me', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH.
[JER.2.23] How will you say, 'I have not been defiled after the Baalim, I have not walked. See your way in the valley, know what you have done: a burnt offering, a light, the thread of her way.' [§]
eich tomri lo nitmeeti acharei hab'alim lo halakti rei darkek baggai dei meh asita bichra kala mesarechet deracheha.
'eich' means 'how', 'tomri' means 'you will say', 'lo' means 'not', 'nitmeeti' means 'I have been defiled', 'acharei' means 'after', 'hab'alim' means 'the Baalim (the false gods)', 'lo' again means 'not', 'halakti' means 'I walked', 'rei' means 'see', 'darkek' means 'your way', 'baggai' means 'in the valley', 'dei' means 'know', 'meh' means 'what', 'asita' means 'you have done', 'bichra' means 'a burnt offering', 'kala' means 'light', 'mesarechet' means 'the thread of', 'deracheha' means 'her way'.
[JER.2.24] Fruit for instruction in the wilderness, in desire his soul longs, the wind of her yearning—who will bring her back? All who seek her will not be ashamed; in its newness they will find her. [§]
pereh limud midbar beavat nafshav shaafah ruach taanatah mi yeshivenah kol-mevaksheha lo yiafu bechadshah yimtzau'na.
'pereh' means 'fruit' or 'yield', 'limud' means 'instruction' or 'learning', 'midbar' means 'wilderness', 'beavat' means 'in desire', 'nafshav' means 'his soul', 'shaafah' means 'longing', 'ruach' means 'wind' or 'spirit', 'taanatah' means 'her yearning', 'mi' means 'who', 'yeshivenah' means 'will bring back', 'kol-mevaksheha' means 'all who seek her', 'lo' means 'not', 'yiafu' means 'will be ashamed', 'bechadshah' means 'in its newness', 'yimtzau'na' means 'they will find her'.
[JER.2.25] From my foot you restrain, and your skin from swelling, and you said 'no', because I loved strangers and after them I will go. [§]
Min'ei raglekh miyachef u'goronekh mitsima'ah vatoamri no'ash lo ki avti zarim ve'achareihem elekh.
'Min'ei' means 'from my', 'raglekh' means 'your foot', 'miyachef' means 'you keep back' or 'you restrain', 'u'goronekh' means 'and your skin', 'mitsima'ah' means 'from swelling' or 'from a sore', 'vatoamri' means 'and you said', 'no'ash' means 'no', 'lo' means 'not' or introduces a denial, 'ki' means 'because', 'avti' means 'I loved', 'zarim' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', 've'achareihem' means 'and after them', 'elekh' means 'I will go'.
[JER.2.26] As the shame of a thief because he is found, likewise they shall be ashamed of the house of Israel; they are their kings, their princes, and their priests and their prophets. [§]
kevo'shet ganav ki yimma'tse ken hovi'shu beit Yisrael hemma malkeyhem sareyhem ve'kohanehem unevi'eyhem.
'kevo'shet' means 'as the shame', 'ganav' means 'of a thief', 'ki' means 'because', 'yimma'tse' means 'he is found', 'ken' means 'thus' or 'likewise', 'hovi'shu' means 'they shall be ashamed', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hemma' means 'they are', 'malkeyhem' means 'their kings', 'sareyhem' means 'their princes', 've'kohanehem' means 'and their priests', 'unevi'eyhem' means 'and their prophets'.
[JER.2.27] They say to the tree, 'my father you,' and to the stone, 'you have begotten me, because they turned toward me on the back and not on the face, and at the time of their evil they will say, 'Rise and save us.' [§]
Om'rim la'etz avi atah ve'la'evan at yelid'tani ki panu elai oref velo panim u've'et ra'atam yom'ru kuma ve'hoshi'einu.
'Om'rim' means 'they say', 'la'etz' means 'to the tree', 'avi' means 'my father', 'atah' means 'you', 've'la'evan' means 'and to the stone', 'at' means 'you' (feminine form), 'yelid'tani' means 'you have begotten me' or 'you gave birth to me', 'ki' means 'because', 'panu' means 'they turned' or 'they faced', 'elai' means 'toward me', 'oref' means 'the back' or 'rear', 'velo' means 'and not', 'panim' means 'faces' or 'fronts', 'u've'et' means 'and at the time of', 'ra'atam' means 'their evil', 'yom'ru' means 'they will say', 'kuma' means 'rise' or 'stand up', 've'hoshi'einu' means 'and save us'.
[JER.2.28] And where is your God who you have made for yourself? Will they arise if they save you in the time of your trouble, for the number of your cities were your God Judah. [§]
veayye Eloheikha asher asita lakh yakumu im-yoshiukha be'et raatekha ki mispar areika hayu Elohekha Yehudah.
'veayye' means 'and where', 'Eloheikha' means 'your God' (the literal translation of the divine name El/Elokim as God), 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'asita' means 'you have made', 'lakh' means 'for yourself', 'yakumu' means 'they will arise', 'im-yoshiukha' means 'if they will save you', 'be'et' means 'in the time', 'raatekha' means 'of your trouble', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'mispar' means 'the number', 'areika' means 'of your cities', 'hayu' means 'were', 'Elohekha' means 'your God', and 'Yehudah' means 'Judah'.
[JER.2.29] Why do you contend with me, all of you? You have sinned against me, says Yahveh. [§]
lamah tarivu elai kulchem peshatem bi neum-Yahveh
'lamah' means 'why', 'tarivu' means 'you contend/ argue', 'elai' means 'with me', 'kulchem' means 'all of you', 'peshatem' means 'you have transgressed / sinned', 'bi' means 'against me', 'neum' means 'says' and 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH.
[JER.2.30] In vain I struck your children; they did not take instruction; your sword ate your prophets like a destroying lion. [§]
lashav hekkieti et b'neichem musar lo la-kachu achlah charvechem nevi'yeichem ke-aryeh mashchit.
'lashav' means 'in vain', 'hekkieti' means 'I struck', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'b'neichem' means 'your children', 'musar' means 'instruction' or 'discipline', 'lo' means 'not', 'la-kachu' means 'they took', 'achlah' means 'ate', 'charvechem' means 'your sword', 'nevi'yeichem' means 'your prophets', 'ke-aryeh' means 'like a lion', 'mashchit' means 'destroying' or 'devastating'.
[JER.2.31] Generation, you have seen the word of Yahveh: the wilderness I became for Israel. If it is the land of Maapelyah, why did my people say, 'We have gone down; there is no longer a prophet for you.' [§]
ha-dor atem re'u devar-YHWH ha-midbar hayiti leYisrael im eretz maapelyah madua amru ami radnu lo-navo od eilekha.
'ha-dor' means 'the generation', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 're''u' means 'see' (imperative), 'devar-YHWH' means 'word of Yahveh' (YHWH translated as Yahveh), 'ha-midbar' means 'the wilderness', 'hayiti' means 'I was' or 'I became', 'leYisrael' means 'to Israel', 'im' means 'if', 'eretz' means 'land', 'maapelyah' is a proper name of a place (rendered as the land of Maapelyah), 'madua' means 'why', 'amru' means 'they said', 'ami' means 'my people', 'radnu' means 'we have gone down' or 'we have descended', 'lo-navo' means 'no prophet', 'od' means 'anymore' or 'still', 'eilekha' means 'to you'.
[JER.2.32] Will you forget a virgin, her adornment, the bride, her bonds, and my people forget me? Days are countless. [§]
Ha-tishkakh be-tulah edyah kallah kishureha ve-ami shechechuni yamim ein mispar.
'Ha-tishkakh' means 'Will you forget', 'be-tulah' means 'a virgin', 'edyah' means 'her adornment' or 'her ornament', 'kallah' means 'the bride', 'kishureha' means 'her bonds' or 'her ties', 've-ami' means 'and my people', 'shechechuni' means 'forget me', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ein' means 'there is no', 'mispar' means 'number' or 'count'.
[JER.2.33] What you turn your way to seek love, therefore also the evils I taught your ways. [§]
mah teitivi darkekh levakesh ahavah lakhen gam et hara'ot limadeti et derakhayikh.
'mah' means 'what', 'teitivi' means 'you turn' or 'you make', 'darkekh' means 'your way', 'levakesh' means 'to seek', 'ahavah' means 'love', 'lakhen' means 'therefore', 'gam' means 'also', 'et hara'ot' means 'the evils', 'limadeti' means 'I taught', 'et derakhayikh' means 'your ways'.
[JER.2.34] Even on your wings the blood of the souls of the poor and pure is found, not something you find in the afterlife, because of all these. [§]
gam biknafayich nimtzeu dam nafshot evyonim nekkim lo-bamachteret matsatim ki al kol eleh.
'gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'biknafayich' means 'on your wings', 'nimtzeu' means 'they were found', 'dam' means 'blood', 'nafshot' means 'souls', 'evyonim' means 'the poor', 'nekkim' means 'pure', 'lo-bamachteret' means 'not in the afterlife', 'matsatim' means 'you find' (or 'are found'), 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'al' means 'over' or 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'eleh' means 'these'. The verse is describing that even on the wings of the addressed one, the blood of the souls of the poor and pure is found, and it is not something found in the afterlife, because of all these things.
[JER.2.35] And you said, 'Because I am justified, only his anger has turned away from me; behold, I will be judged before you for your saying, I have not sinned.' [§]
Vatoamri ki nikketi ach shav apo mimeni hinneni nishpat otach al-amerach lo chateti.
'Vatoamri' means 'and you said', 'ki' means 'because', 'nikketi' means 'I have been vindicated' or 'I am justified', 'ach' means 'only', 'shav' means 'has turned' or 'has returned', 'apo' means 'his anger', 'mimeni' means 'from me', 'hinneni' means 'behold I am', 'nishpat' means 'will be judged', 'otach' means 'you' (accusative), 'al-amerach' means 'for your saying', 'lo' means 'not', 'chateti' means 'I have sinned'.
[JER.2.36] What you will go out exceedingly to change your way, even from Egypt you will be ashamed, as she was ashamed of Assyria. [§]
mah tezli meod leshanot et darchekh gam mimitzrayim tevoshi ka'asher boshet meashur.
'mah' means 'what', 'tezli' means 'you will go out', 'meod' means 'very' or 'exceedingly', 'leshanot' means 'to change', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'darchekh' means 'your way', 'gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'mimitzrayim' means 'from Egypt', 'tevoshi' means 'you will be ashamed', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'boshet' means 'she was ashamed', 'meashur' means 'from Assyria'.
[JER.2.37] Even from this you shall go out, and your hand will be upon your head, because Yahveh has despised your trust and you will not succeed for them. [§]
Gam me'et ze tetzi ve-yadayich al-ro'sheich ki ma'as Yahveh be-mivtachayich ve-lo tatslichi lahem.
'Gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'me'et' means 'from this', 'ze' means 'this', 'tetzi' means 'you (feminine) will go out', 've-yadayich' means 'and your hand', 'al-ro'sheich' means 'upon your head', 'ki' means 'because', 'ma'as' means 'has despised', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'be-mivtachayich' means 'in your trust' or 'your confidence', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'tatslichi' means 'you (feminine) will succeed', 'lahem' means 'for them' or 'against them'.
JER.3
[JER.3.1] Thus says, Behold, a man will send his wife, and she will go away from him, and she will become another man's. Will she return to him again? Is not the land that has been despised? And you have been a harlot with many companions, and return to me, says Yahveh. [§]
le'emor hen yeshallach ish et ishto vehalcha meiito vehayetah le'ish acher hayashuv elihah od halo chanof techenaf haaretz hi ve'at zanit reim rabbim veshov elai neum Yahveh.
'le'emor' means 'to say', 'hen' means 'behold', 'yeshallach' means 'will send', 'ish' means 'man', 'et ishto' means 'his wife', 'vehalcha' means 'and she will go', 'meiito' means 'away from him', 'vehayetah' means 'and she will become', 'le'ish acher' means 'to another man', 'hayashuv' means 'will she return', 'elihah' means 'to her', 'od' means 'again', 'halo' means 'is not it', 'chanof' and 'techenaf' are parallel forms meaning 'you will be despised' or 'you will be brought low', 'haaretz' means 'the land', 'hi' means 'that', 've'at' means 'and you', 'zanit' means 'have been a harlot', 'reim' means 'companions/friends', 'rabbim' means 'many', 'veshov' means 'and return', 'elai' means 'to me', 'neum Yahveh' means 'the word of Yahveh' (Yahveh being the literal translation of YHVH).
[JER.3.2] Lift up your eyes upon the heavens and see where you have not turned upon the roads, you sat for them like a desert dweller in the wilderness, and you made the land a harlot by your prostitution and your wickedness. [§]
se'i einayich al shefayim urei eifo lo shuggalat al drakhim yashavt lahem kah'aravi ba-midbar vatachanifi eretz biznutayich uvera'ateich.
'se'i' means 'lift up', 'einayich' means 'your eyes', 'al' means 'upon', 'shefayim' means 'the heavens', 'urei' means 'and see', 'eifo' means 'where', 'lo' means 'not', 'shuggalat' means 'you have turned', 'al' means 'upon', 'drakhim' means 'roads/paths', 'yashavt' means 'you sat', 'lahem' means 'for them', 'kah'aravi' means 'like a desert dweller', 'ba-midbar' means 'in the wilderness', 'vatachanifi' means 'and you made', 'eretz' means 'the land', 'biznutayich' means 'by your prostitution', 'uvera'ateich' means 'and by your wickedness'.
[JER.3.3] They were prevented from the multitudes and there was no sale, and from the marrow a prostitute was to you; from your side they killed them. [§]
vayimmanu revivim umalkosh lo hayah umeitzach isha zonah hayah lach meanet hikkolem.
'vayimmanu' means 'they were prevented', 'revivim' means 'multitudes' or 'great numbers', 'umalkosh' means 'and there was no malcah (sale/negotiation)', 'lo' means 'not', 'hayah' means 'was', 'umeitzach' means 'and from the marrow', 'isha' means 'woman', 'zonah' means 'prostitute' or 'harlot', 'hayah' means 'was', 'lach' means 'to you', 'meanet' means 'from your (feminine) side', 'hikkolem' means 'they killed them' or 'they slaughtered them'.
[JER.3.4] Behold, from now I have called you my father, the chief of my youth. [§]
Halo meata karati li avi aluf neurai ata.
'Halo' means 'Behold', 'meata' means 'from now', 'karati' means 'I called', 'li' means 'to me', 'avi' means 'my father', 'aluf' means 'chief' or 'leader', 'neurai' means 'my youth' or 'my young ones', 'ata' means 'you'.
[JER.3.5] Will it endure forever if it is kept forever? Behold, you have spoken and you have done the evils, and it is finished. [§]
Hayinter le'olam im yishmor lanetzach? Hinneh dibarti vata'asi ha-ra'ot vatu'chal.
'Hayinter' means 'will it endure', 'le'olam' means 'forever', 'im' means 'if', 'yishmor' means 'it is kept/preserved', 'lanetzach' means 'forever/eternally', 'Hinneh' means 'behold', 'dibarti' means 'you have spoken', 'vata'asi' means 'and you have done', 'ha-ra'ot' means 'the evils', 'vatu'chal' means 'and it is finished/completed'.
[JER.3.6] And Yahveh said to me in the days of Joash the king, Have you seen what Israel has done? It went up on every high mountain and under every green tree, and it acted unfaithfully there. [§]
Vayomer Yahveh elai bimei Joashiyahu hamelek haraita asher astah meshubah Yisrael holcha hi al kol har gavoh ve'el tachat kol etz raanan vatzini sham.
'Vayomer' means 'And said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH as instructed, 'elai' means 'to me', 'bimei' means 'in the days of', 'Joashiyahu' is the name Joash, 'hamelek' means 'the king', 'haraita' means 'have you seen', 'asher' means 'what/that', 'astah' means 'has done', 'meshubah' means 'Israel', 'holcha' means 'has gone up', 'hi' means 'it', 'al' means 'upon', 'kol' means 'every', 'har' means 'mountain', 'gavoh' means 'high', 've'el' means 'and under', 'tachat' means 'under', 'etz' means 'tree', 'raanan' means 'green/verdant', 'vatzini' means 'and [it] acted unfaithfully', 'sham' means 'there'.
[JER.3.7] And I said, after I have done all these, you will return to me and (she) did not return, and she saw in her pride her sister Judah. [§]
vaomar acharei asotah et kol eleh elai tashuv velo shavah vatre'ah bagodah achotah Yehudah.
'vaomar' means 'and I said', 'acharei' means 'after', 'asotah' means 'I have done (it)', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'eleh' means 'these', 'elai' means 'to me', 'tashuv' means 'you will return', 'velo' means 'and not', 'shavah' means 'return', 'vatre'ah' means 'and she saw', 'bagodah' means 'in her pride', 'achotah' means 'her sister', 'Yehudah' is the name 'Judah'.
[JER.3.8] I saw that upon all the signs which were broken Israel was restored; I sent her and gave her the book of her covenant to her, and Judah, her sister, did not fear a betrayer; she went and she also deceived. [§]
Va'ere ki al kol odot asher ne'afa meshubah Yisrael shilachtiha va'eten et sefer keritutah eleha velo yareah bogeda Yehudah achotah vatelech vatzan gam hi.
'Va'ere' means 'I saw', 'ki' means 'because' or 'that', 'al' means 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'odot' means 'signs', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'ne'afa' means 'was broken', 'meshubah' means 'returned' or 'restored', 'Yisrael' is the name Israel, 'shilachtiha' means 'I sent her', 'va'eten' means 'and I gave', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'sefer' means 'book', 'keritutah' means 'its covenant' or 'record of agreement', 'eleha' means 'to her', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yareah' means 'feared', 'bogeda' means 'a betrayer', 'Yehudah' is the name Judah, 'achotah' means 'her sister', 'vatelech' means 'and she went', 'vatzan' means 'and she deceived', 'gam' means 'also', 'hi' means 'she'.
[JER.3.9] And it shall be from the voice of her harlotry, and she will mock the earth, and she will be shamed by the stone and the tree. [§]
vehayah mikol zenutah vatechenaf et-harets vatinaf et-heven ve-et-hets.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'mikol' means 'from the voice' or 'from the sound', 'zenutah' means 'her harlotry', 'vatechenaf' means 'and she will mock' or 'scoff', 'et-harets' means 'the earth' (object of mockery), 'vatinaf' means 'and she will be shamed' or 'humiliated', 'et-heven' means 'the stone', and 've-et-hets' means 'and the tree' (objects causing the shame).
[JER.3.10] And also in all this she did not return to me in pride, her sister Judah with all her heart, for if it is false says Yahveh. [§]
vegam bechol zot lo shava elai bagoda achotah Yehudah bechol libbah ki im besheker ne'um Yahveh
'vegam' means 'and also', 'bechol' means 'in all' or 'with all', 'zot' means 'this', 'lo' means 'not', 'shava' means 'returned' or 'turned', 'elai' means 'to me', 'bagoda' means 'in pride' or 'in glory', 'achotah' means 'her sister', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'libbah' means 'her heart', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'im' means 'if' (introducing a condition), 'besheker' means 'in falsehood' or 'in deceit', 'ne'um' means 'says', and 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH.
[JER.3.11] And Yahveh said to me, 'Righteous is her soul; Israel is restored from the betrayal of Judah.' [§]
Vayomer Yahveh elai tzidkah nafshah meshubah Yisrael mibogedah Yehudah.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'tzidkah' means 'righteousness' (feminine noun), 'nafshah' means 'her soul', 'meshubah' means 'returned' or 'restored' (feminine participle), 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'mibogedah' means 'from betrayal' or 'from the traitor', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah'.
[JER.3.12] Go and call these words northward, and say, "Return, O Israel," declares Yahveh. I will not turn My face away from you, because I am faithful, declares Yahveh; I will not be silent forever. [§]
Halokh ve'karata et-hadvarim ha'eleh tzfonah ve'amaratah shuvah meshubah Yisrael ne'um Yahveh lo-aphil pani bakhem ki chasid ani ne'um Yahveh lo ettor leolam.
'Halokh' means 'go', 've'karata' means 'and you will call', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'ha'eleh' means 'these', 'tzfonah' means 'northward', 've'amaratah' means 'and you will say', 'shuvah' means 'return', 'meshubah' means 'O Israel', 'Yisrael' is the name Israel, 'ne'um' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'lo-aphil' means 'I will not turn away', 'pani' means 'my face', 'bakhem' means 'from you', 'ki' means 'because', 'chasid' means 'faithful', 'ani' means 'I', 'lo' means 'not', 'ettor' means 'will be silent' (or 'will be shut up'), 'leolam' means 'forever'.
[JER.3.13] But I know your guilt because in Yahveh your Gods you have trespassed, and you have scattered your ways to foreigners under every green tree, and to my voice you have not listened, says Yahveh. [§]
Ach dei avunech ki baYahveh Elohayich pashaatet vatefazzri et-derachayich lazarim tachat kol-etz ra'anan uvekol'i lo-shematem ne'um-Yahveh.
'Ach' means 'but', 'dei' means 'I know', 'avunech' means 'your guilt', 'ki' means 'because', 'baYahveh' means 'in Yahveh' (YHVH translated as Yahveh), 'Elohayich' means 'your Gods' (Elohim translated as the Gods, with the suffix -ich for 'your'), 'pashaatet' means 'you have trespassed', 'vatefazzri' means 'and you have scattered', 'et-derachayich' means 'your ways', 'lazarim' means 'to foreigners', 'tachat' means 'under', 'kol-etz' means 'every tree', 'ra'anan' means 'green', 'uvekol'i' means 'and to my voice', 'lo-shematem' means 'you have not heard', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh' (YHWH translated as Yahveh). The idiom 'under every green tree' is taken literally as a description of widespread transgression.
[JER.3.14] Turn back, sons who have turned aside, says Yahveh, for I have taken hold of you; I will take one from a city and two from a household, and I will bring you to Zion. [§]
Shuvu banim shovavim neum Yahveh ki anochi ba'alti bachem v'lakachti etchem echad mei-ir u'shnayim mimishpacha v'heveiti etchem Tzion.
'Shuvu' means 'turn back', 'banim' means 'sons', 'shovavim' means 'who have turned aside', 'neum Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'ki' means 'for', 'anochi' means 'I', 'ba'alti' means 'have taken hold of', 'bachem' means 'among you', 'v'lakachti' means 'and I will take', 'etchem' means 'you', 'echad' means 'one', 'mei-ir' means 'from a city', 'u'shnayim' means 'and two', 'mimishpacha' means 'from a household or family', 'v'heveiti' means 'and I will bring', 'etchem' again means 'you', 'Tzion' means 'Zion'.
[JER.3.15] And I will give you shepherds as my heart, and they will bring you knowledge and wisdom. [§]
ve-natati lekhem roim kelibi ve-ra'u etkhem deah ve-haskil.
've-natati' means 'and I will give', 'lekhem' means 'to you', 'roim' means 'shepherds', 'kelibi' means 'my heart' (literally 'as my heart'), 've-ra'u' means 'and they will cause trouble' or 'make evil', 'etkhem' means 'you', 'deah' means 'knowledge', 've-haskil' means 'and wisdom' or 'and become wise'.
[JER.3.16] And it shall be, when you multiply and sow in the land in these days, declares Yahveh, they will not say any more the ark of the covenant of Yahveh, and it will not rise upon the heart, and they will not remember it, and they will not appoint, and it will not be made any more. [§]
vehayah ki tirbu ufritem baaretz bayamim hahem ne'um Yahveh lo yomru od aron berit Yahveh velo ya'ale al lev velo yizkeru bo velo yipkodu velo ye'aseh od
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ki' means 'when', 'tirbu' means 'you multiply', 'ufritem' means 'and you sow', 'baaretz' means 'in the land', 'bayamim' means 'in the days', 'hahem' means 'these', 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'declares Yahveh', 'lo' means 'not', 'yomru' means 'they will say', 'od' means 'anymore', 'aron' means 'ark', 'berit Yahveh' means 'covenant of Yahveh', 'velo' means 'and not', 'ya'ale' means 'will rise', 'al lev' means 'upon the heart', 'yizkeru bo' means 'they will remember it', 'yipkodu' means 'they will appoint', 'ye'aseh' means 'it will be made'.
[JER.3.17] At that time they will call Jerusalem the throne of Yahveh and they will hope to it all the nations for the name Yahveh to Jerusalem and they will not go any longer after the wickedness of their evil heart. [§]
Ba'et hahee yikreu liYerushalam kisse Yahveh ve-nikvu eleha kol-hagoyim leshem Yahveh liYerushalam ve-lo-yelechu od acharei sherrirut livam hara.
'Ba'et' means 'at the time', 'hahee' means 'that', 'yikreu' means 'they will call', 'liYerushalam' means 'to Jerusalem', 'kisse' means 'throne' or 'seat', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 've-nikvu' means 'and they will hope', 'eleha' means 'to it', 'kol-hagoyim' means 'all the nations', 'leshem' means 'for the name of', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'liYerushalam' again 'to Jerusalem', 've-lo-yelechu' means 'and they will not go', 'od' means 'anymore', 'acharei' means 'after', 'sherrirut' means 'wickedness', 'livam' means 'their heart', 'hara' means 'evil'.
[JER.3.18] In those days they will go to the house of Judah over the house of Israel, and they will come together from the north land over the land which I gave to your ancestors. [§]
Bayamim hahem yelchu beit Yehudah al beit Yisrael ve-yavo'u yachdav me'eretz tzafon al haaretz asher hinchaltI et avoteikhem.
'Bayamim' means 'in the days', 'hahem' means 'those', 'yelchu' means 'they will go', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'al' means 'over' or 'against', 'beit Yisrael' means 'house of Israel', 've-yavo'u' means 'and they will come', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'tzafon' means 'north', 'al haaretz' means 'over the land', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'hinchaltI' means 'I have given/inherited', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'avoteikhem' means 'your fathers/ancestors'.
[JER.3.19] And I said, How shall I place you among the sons, and give you a desirable land, an inheritance of the host of the nations' armies, and I said, My father, call me, and after me you shall not return. [§]
ve anokhi amarti eikh ashitach ba banim ve etten lakh eretz chemdah nachalat tzvi tzivot goyim va amar avi tikra uli u meachar lo tashuvi.
've' means 'and', 'anokhi' means 'I', 'amarti' means 'said', 'eikh' means 'how', 'ashitach' means 'shall I place you', 'ba' means 'among', 'banim' means 'sons', 've' means 'and', 'etten' means 'I will give', 'lakh' means 'to you (feminine)', 'eretz' means 'land', 'chemdah' means 'desirable' or 'pleasant', 'nachalat' means 'inheritance', 'tzvi' means 'host' or 'army', 'tzivot' means 'armies', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'va' means 'and', 'amar' means 'I said', 'avi' means 'my father', 'tikra' means 'you shall call', 'uli' means 'to me', 'u' means 'and', 'meachar' means 'after me', 'lo' means 'not', 'tashuvi' means 'you shall return' (addressed to a female).
[JER.3.20] Indeed a woman has betrayed her lover; thus you have betrayed me, house of Israel, says Yahveh. [§]
Achen bagda isha merah ken bagadtem bi beit Yisrael neum Yahveh.
'Achen' means 'indeed', 'bagda' means 'has betrayed' (feminine), 'isha' means 'woman', 'merah' means 'her lover' or 'her companion', 'ken' means 'thus' or 'so', 'bagadtem' means 'you have betrayed', 'bi' means 'me', 'beit Yisrael' means 'house of Israel', 'neum' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.3.21] A voice on the far places is heard in the weeping of the petitions of the children of Israel, because they have turned away from their way, they forgot Yahveh, their Gods. [§]
Kol al-shefayim nishma b'chi tachanunei b'nei Yisrael ki he'evu et-darkam shachchu et-Yahveh elohaihem.
'Kol' means 'voice', 'al-shefayim' means 'on the far places', 'nishma' means 'is heard', 'b'chi' means 'in the weeping', 'tachanunei' means 'of the petitions', 'b'nei' means 'of the children of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'ki' means 'because', 'he'evu' means 'they have turned away', 'et-darkam' means 'their way', 'shachchu' means 'they forgot', 'et-Yahveh' means 'Yahveh', 'elohaihem' means 'their the Gods' (literally 'their Gods').
[JER.3.22] Return, children of the exiles; I will heal your restoration. Behold, we are yours, because you are Yahveh our the Gods. [§]
Shuvu banim shovavim erpha meshuboteichem hin'nu atanu lach ki atah Yahveh Eloheinu.
'Shuvu' means 'return', 'banim' means 'children', 'shovavim' means 'exiles' or 'those who have returned', 'erpha' means 'I will heal', 'meshuboteichem' means 'your restoration', 'hin'nu' means 'behold, we are', 'atanu' means 'we are', 'lach' means 'to you', 'ki' means 'because', 'atah' means 'you', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHWH, and 'Eloheinu' contains the name Elohim which translates as 'the Gods' with the suffix '-our', so it is rendered as 'our the Gods'.
[JER.3.23] Truly to falsehood from the heights the multitude of the mountains, truly in Yahveh our Gods, the salvation of Israel. [§]
Achen laSheker mi-gev'ot haMon haRim achen baYahveh Eloheinu teshuat Yisrael.
'Achen' means 'truly' or 'surely', 'laSheker' means 'to falsehood' (literally 'for a lie'), 'mi-gev'ot' means 'from the heights', 'haMon' means 'the multitude', 'haRim' means 'the mountains', the second 'Achen' repeats 'truly', 'baYahveh' means 'in Yahveh', 'Eloheinu' is the plural form of God rendered as 'our Gods', 'teshuat' means 'salvation' or 'deliverance', and 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'. The Hebrew idiom 'אכן לשקר' is rendered literally as 'truly to falsehood' even though it may function poetically to emphasize certainty.
[JER.3.24] And the scorching heat ate the youths of our fathers from our youth, their flock, their cattle, their sons and their daughters. [§]
vehaboshet akla et yegia avoteinu min neureinu et tsonam ve et bekaram et bnehem ve et bnothehem.
'vehaboshet' means 'and the scorching heat', 'akla' means 'ate', 'et' is the accusative marker (no direct English equivalent), 'yegia' means 'the youths', 'avoteinu' means 'our fathers', 'min neureinu' means 'from our youth', 'tsonam' means 'their flock', 'bekaram' means 'their cattle', 'bnehem' means 'their sons', 'bnothehem' means 'their daughters'.
[JER.3.25] We have lain in our guilt and have covered us as our covering, because to Yahveh our Gods we have sinned, we and our fathers from our youth until this day have not heard in the voice of Yahveh our Gods. [§]
Nishkeva bevasheteinu utechassenu kelimmateinu ki layahveh eloheinu chatanu anachnu vavoteinu minnaurenu ve'ad hayom hazeh velo shama'nu beqol yahveh eloheinu.
'Nishkeva' means 'we have lain', 'bevasheteinu' means 'in our guilt', 'utechassenu' means 'and have covered us', 'kelimmateinu' means 'as our covering', 'ki' means 'because', 'layahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'eloheinu' means 'our the Gods', 'chatanu' means 'we have sinned', 'anachnu' means 'we', 'vavoteinu' means 'and our fathers', 'minnaurenu' means 'from our youth', 've'ad' means 'until', 'hayom' means 'the day', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'velo' means 'and not', 'shama'nu' means 'we have heard', 'beqol' means 'in the voice of', 'yahveh' means 'Yahveh', 'eloheinu' again 'our the Gods'.
JER.4
[JER.4.1] If Israel returns, says Yahveh, to me you shall return; and if you remove your impurity from before me, you shall not stumble. [§]
Im-tashuv Yisrael ne'um Yahveh elai tashuv ve-im tasir shikkutzekha mipanei ve'lo tanud.
'Im' means 'if', 'tashuv' means 'you will turn/return', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'elai' means 'to me', the second 'tashuv' repeats 'you will return', 've-im' means 'and if', 'tasir' means 'you will remove', 'shikkutzekha' means 'your impurity/defilement', 'mipanei' means 'from before', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'tanud' means 'you shall stumble' or 'be shaken'.
[JER.4.2] And you shall swear by the life of Yahveh in truth, in judgment and in righteousness, and the nations shall be blessed by him, and in him they shall exult. [§]
ve-nishbattah chai Yahveh be-emet be-mishpat u-bitzdakah ve-hitbarkhu bo goyim u-vo yit-hallalu.
've' means 'and', 'nishbattah' means 'you shall swear', 'chai' means 'life', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'be' means 'in', 'emet' means 'truth', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'u' means 'and', 'bitzdakah' means 'in righteousness', 've' means 'and', 'hitbarkhu' means 'they shall be blessed', 'bo' means 'by him', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'u' means 'and', 'vo' means 'in him', 'yit-hallalu' means 'they shall exult'.
[JER.4.3] For thus says Yahveh to a man of Judah and to Jerusalem: I will set a fire for you, a fire; and do not sow to the borders. [§]
ki ko amar Yahveh le ish Yehudah ve li Y'rushalam niru lakhem nir ve al-tizra'u el kotzim.
"ki" means "for", "ko" means "thus", "amar" means "says", "Yahveh" is the literal translation of YHVH, "le" means "to", "ish" means "man", "Yehudah" means "Judah", "ve" means "and", "li" means "to", "Y'rushalam" means "Jerusalem", "niru" means "I will set a fire", "lakhem" means "for you", "nir" means "a fire", "ve" means "and", "al" means "do not", "tizra'u" means "you sow", "el" means "to", "kotzim" means "the borders" or "edges".
[JER.4.4] Turn to Yahveh and remove the nakedness of your hearts, O people of Judah and dwellers of Jerusalem, lest my wrath go out like fire and burn, and there be none that can extinguish because of the evil of your deeds. [§]
Himlu laYahveh vehasiru arlot levavchem ish Yehudah veyoshve Yerushalam pen tetse kaesh chamati uv'arah vein mekhabe mifnei roa ma'allichem.
'Himlu' means 'turn' or 'incline', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'vehasiru' means 'and remove', 'arlot' means 'nakedness' or 'shame', 'levavchem' means 'your hearts', 'ish' means 'man' or 'people', 'Yehudah' means 'of Judah', 'veyoshve' means 'and dwellers', 'Yerushalam' means 'Jerusalem', 'pen' means 'lest', 'tetse' means 'go out', 'kaesh' means 'like fire', 'chamati' means 'my wrath', 'uv'arah' means 'and burn', 'vein' means 'and there is none', 'mekhabe' means 'that can extinguish', 'mifnei' means 'because of', 'roa' means 'evil', 'ma'allichem' means 'your deeds'.
[JER.4.5] Proclaim in Judah and in Jerusalem, make it known and say, blow a trumpet in the land; call, fill, and say, they have been gathered and fled to the cities of the stronghold. [§]
Haggidu biYehudah uviRushalayim Hashmiu veimru ve-tiku shofar baaretz kiru malu veimru heaspu venavoa el-arei hamivtzar.
'Haggidu' means 'proclaim', 'biYehudah' means 'in Judah', 'uviRushalayim' means 'and in Jerusalem', 'Hashmiu' means 'make it known', 'veimru' means 'and say', 've-tiku' means 'blow', 'shofar' means 'trumpet', 'baaretz' means 'in the land', 'kiru' means 'call', 'malu' means 'fill' or 'complete', 'veimru' again means 'and say', 'heaspu' means 'they have been gathered', 'venavoa' means 'and they have fled', 'el-arei' means 'to the cities of', 'hamivtzar' means 'the stronghold' or 'the fortified place'.
[JER.4.6] Lift up the banner, O Zion! Be strong! Do not stand, for evil I bring from the north and great destruction. [§]
Se'u-nes Tziyonah ha'izhu al-ta'amdu ki ra'ah anochi mevi min tzafon ve-shever gadol.
'Se'u-nes' means 'lift up the banner', 'Tziyonah' means 'Zion', 'ha'izhu' is an imperative meaning 'be strong' or 'be courageous', 'al-ta'amdu' means 'do not stand' or 'do not remain stationary', 'ki' means 'for', 'ra'ah' means 'evil', 'anochi' means 'I', 'mevi' means 'bring' (present tense), 'min tzafon' means 'from the north', 've-shever' means 'and destruction' (literally 'and breaking'), 'gadol' means 'great'.
[JER.4.7] The lion rose from its snare and the destroyer of nations rode out from his place to lay waste your land for destruction; your cities will be devastated where there is no one dwelling. [§]
alah aryah misubbho meshchit goiym nasa yatsa mimmakamoo lasum aretzekh leshama arayikh titzeinah me'ein yoshev.
'alah' means 'went up' or 'rose', 'aryeh' means 'lion', 'misubbho' means 'from its snare', 'meshchit' means 'destroyer', 'goiym' means 'nations', 'nasa' means 'rode' or 'traveled', 'yatsa' means 'went out', 'mimmakamoo' means 'from his place', 'lasum' means 'to lay waste', 'aretzekh' means 'your land', 'leshama' means 'for destruction', 'arayikh' means 'your cities', 'titzeinah' means 'will be devastated' or 'will be plundered', 'me'ein' means 'from where there is no', 'yoshev' means 'dweller' or 'inhabitant'.
[JER.4.8] On this, gird your loins, mourn and wail, because the wrath of Yahveh has not returned from them. [§]
Al zot higru sakim sipdu veheilu ki lo shav charon af Yahveh mimenu.
'Al' means 'on', 'zot' means 'this', 'higru' means 'gird (your)','sakim' means 'loins', 'sipdu' means 'mourn', 'veheilu' means 'and wail', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'shav' means 'returned', 'charon' means 'wrath', 'af' means 'and', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of the LORD, 'mimenu' means 'from them'.
[JER.4.9] And it shall be in that day, says Yahveh, the heart of the king will be lost and the heart of the princes, and the priests will be stunned and the prophets will be made mute. [§]
ve-hayah ba-yom ha-hu ne'um-yehavah yo'avad lev ha-melech ve-lev ha-sarim ve-nashamu ha-koheanim ve-hannevi'im yitmahu.
've-hayah' means 'and it will be', 'ba-yom' means 'in the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 'ne'um-yehavah' means 'says Yahveh', 'yo'avad' means 'will be lost', 'lev' means 'heart', 'ha-melech' means 'the king', 've-lev' means 'and the heart of', 'ha-sarim' means 'the princes', 've-nashamu' means 'and they will be stunned', 'ha-koheanim' means 'the priests', 've-hannevi'im' means 'and the prophets', 'yitmahu' means 'will be made mute'.
[JER.4.10] I said, Ah, my Lord Yahveh, indeed the burden you have lifted for this people and for Jerusalem, saying, peace will be to you, and a sword will strike until the soul. [§]
vaomar ah Adonai Yahveh achen hashé hishetah laam hazeh veLiyrushalayim leemor shalom yiheye lachem venageah cherav ad hanefesh.
'vaomar' means 'I said', 'ah' is an interjection like 'ah', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'achen' means 'indeed' or 'truly', 'hashé' means 'the burden', 'hishetah' means 'you have lifted', 'laam' means 'for the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'veLiyrushalayim' means 'and for Jerusalem', 'leemor' means 'to say' or 'saying', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'yiheye' means 'will be', 'lachem' means 'to you (plural)', 'venageah' means 'and it will strike' or 'and it will wound', 'cherav' means 'sword', 'ad' means 'until', 'hanefesh' means 'the soul'.
[JER.4.11] At that time it will be said to this people and to Jerusalem, a pure wind of ships in the desert, the way of my people's daughter, not to wander and not to be destroyed. [§]
Ba'et ha'hi ye'amer la'am-hazeh ve'li Yerushalayim ruach tzach shefayim ba-midbar derech bat-ami lo lizrot ve'lo lehaber.
'Ba'et' means 'at the time', 'ha'hi' means 'that', 'ye'amer' means 'it will be said', 'la'am' means 'to the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 've'li' means 'and to', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'ruach' means 'wind' or 'spirit', 'tzach' means 'pure' or 'clear', 'shefayim' means 'ships' or 'sea-thing', 'ba-midbar' means 'in the desert', 'derech' means 'way' or 'road', 'bat-ami' means 'daughter of my people' (or 'my people's daughter'), 'lo' means 'not', 'lizrot' means 'to stray' or 'to wander', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'lehaber' means 'to be destroyed' or 'to bring ruin'.
[JER.4.12] A spirit full from these will come to me now, also I will speak their judgments. [§]
Ruach maleh me'eleh yavo li attah gam-ani adaber mishpatim otam.
'Ruach' means 'spirit' or 'wind', 'maleh' means 'full', 'me' is a preposition meaning 'from', 'eleh' means 'these', together 'me'eleh' means 'from these', 'yavo' means 'will come', 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me', 'attah' means 'now', 'gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'ani' means 'I', combined 'gam-ani' means 'also I', 'adaber' means 'I will speak', 'mishpatim' means 'judgments' or 'laws', 'otam' means 'them'.
[JER.4.13] Behold, like clouds they will rise and like a whirlwind his chariots, light from the swift his horses; woe to us, because we are terrified. [§]
Hinneh kaananin yaaleh vekasufah marqueivotav kalu min nesharim susav oy lanu ki shudadenu.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold', 'kaananin' means 'like clouds', 'yaaleh' means 'will rise', 'vekasufah' means 'and like a whirlwind', 'marqueivotav' means 'his chariots', 'kalu' means 'are light', 'min' means 'from', 'nesharim' means 'the swift', 'susav' means 'his horses', 'oy' means 'woe', 'lanu' means 'to us', 'ki' means 'because', 'shudadenu' means 'we are terrified'.
[JER.4.14] My covering from evil, your heart, Jerusalem, for the sake that you will be saved: until when will you linger in your midst with thoughts of your pains. [§]
Kabbsi meraha libbech yerushalayim lemaan tivashei ad-matai talin beqirbech machshavot oneich.
'Kabbsi' means 'my covering', 'meraha' means 'from evil', 'libbech' means 'your heart', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'lemaan' means 'for the sake', 'tivashei' means 'you will be saved', 'ad-matai' means 'until when', 'talin' means 'you will linger', 'beqirbech' means 'in your midst', 'machshavot' means 'thoughts', 'oneich' means 'your pains'.
[JER.4.15] For the voice of one who declares from Dan and a warning from the mountain of Ephraim. [§]
Ki kol maggid midan u-mashmia aven mehar Ephraim.
'Ki' means 'for', 'kol' means 'voice', 'maggid' means 'the one who declares' or 'proclaims', 'midan' means 'from Dan' (the city of Dan), 'u-mashmia' means 'and (he) announces' or 'and (he) gives warning', 'aven' means 'warning', 'disaster', or 'iniquity' (here understood as a warning), 'mehar' means 'from the mountain', and 'Ephraim' is a proper name of a region (the hill country of Ephraim). No divine name appears in this verse, so no special translation of a name of God is required.
[JER.4.16] Remember to the nations, behold, they proclaim against Jerusalem; guard-like ones who come from the far land and they raise their voice over the cities of Judah. [§]
Hazkiru laggoiyim hineh hashmiu al Yerushalem notzrim ba'im me'eretz hamerchac vayitnu al arei Yehudah kolam.
'Hazkiru' means 'remember' (imperative plural), 'laggoiyim' means 'to the nations', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'hashmiu' means 'they cause to be heard' or 'they proclaim', 'al' means 'against' or 'over', 'Yerushalem' means 'Jerusalem', 'notzrim' means 'guards' or 'those who keep watch', 'ba'im' means 'who come', 'me'eretz hamerchac' means 'from the far land', 'vayitnu' means 'they made' or 'they gave', 'al' means 'upon', 'arei' means 'the cities of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'kolam' means 'their voice'.
[JER.4.17] Like the keepers of the fields they were all around it, for I am bitter, declares Yahveh. [§]
Keshomrei saday hayu aleha misaviv ki oti maratah ne'um Yahveh.
'Keshomrei' means 'as the keepers' or 'like the guards', 'saday' means 'of the fields', 'hayu' means 'they were', 'aleha' means 'upon it' or 'over it', 'misaviv' means 'all around', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'oti' is the first‑person object pronoun meaning 'me' (understood here as 'I' in a prophetic declaration), 'maratah' means 'has become bitter' or 'is bitter', 'ne'um' means 'declares' or 'says', and 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH as instructed.
[JER.4.18] Your way and your deeds I have done these for you; this is your disaster, because it is bitter, because it has reached your heart. [§]
darchek uma'alalayich asu eleh lakh zot raatekh ki mar ki naga adlevekh.
'darchek' means 'your way', 'uma'alalayich' means 'and your deeds', 'asu' means 'I have made' or 'I have done', 'eleh' means 'these', 'lakh' means 'for you' (masc. singular), 'zot' means 'this', 'raatekh' means 'your evil' or 'your disaster', 'ki' means 'because', 'mar' means 'bitter', the second 'ki' again means 'because', 'naga' means 'has reached' or 'has touched', 'adlevekh' means 'to your heart'.
[JER.4.19] From, from I hope the walls of my heart will be still for me; my heart will not be silent, because I have heard the sound of a trumpet, my soul, the battle cry. [§]
Mea mea ohila kirot libi homeh li libi lo acharish ki kol shofar shama'ti nafshi teruat milchamah.
'Mea' means 'from', repeated for emphasis. 'Ohila' means 'I hope' or 'I look forward'. 'Kirot' means 'walls' (plural). 'Libi' means 'my heart'. 'Homeh li' means 'be still for me' or 'silence toward me'. 'Libi lo acharish' means 'my heart will not be silent'. 'Ki' means 'because'. 'Kol shofar' means 'the sound of a trumpet'. 'Shama'ti' means 'I have heard'. 'Nafshi' means 'my soul'. 'Teruat milchamah' means 'the battle shout' or 'war cry'.
[JER.4.20] It is called destruction upon destruction, because all the earth has been laid waste. Suddenly my tents were laid waste, a moment my dwelling. [§]
shever al-shever nikra ki shudda kol haaretz piteom shudddu ohalai rega yeriyotai.
'shever' means 'destruction' or 'break', 'al' means 'upon', the second 'shever' repeats the same word, 'nikra' means 'it is called', 'ki' means 'because', 'shudda' means 'is laid waste', 'kol haaretz' means 'all the earth', 'piteom' means 'suddenly', 'shudddu' means 'they were laid waste', 'ohalai' means 'my tents', 'rega' means 'a moment', 'yeriyotai' means 'my dwelling' or 'my shelter'.
[JER.4.21] How long shall I see a sign and hear the sound of the shofar? [§]
ad matai ereh nes eshmeah kol shofar
'ad' means 'until' or 'how long', 'matai' means 'when' or 'how long', 'ereh' means 'I see' or 'I will see', 'nes' means 'sign' or 'wonder', 'eshmeah' means 'I will hear', 'kol' means 'sound' or 'voice', 'shofar' means 'ram's horn'. The phrase is a rhetorical question asking how long the speaker will continue to see signs and hear the sound of the shofar.
[JER.4.22] For the fool of my people does not know me; children are foolish, they are not wise, they are wise for evil and for good they do not know. [§]
ki evil ammi oti lo yadu banim sekalim hemmah velo nevonim hemmah chachamim hemmah lehara uleheitiv lo yadu.
'ki' means 'for', 'evil' means 'fool', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'oti' means 'me' (object pronoun), 'lo' means 'not', 'yadu' means 'they know', 'banim' means 'children', 'sekalim' means 'foolish', 'hemmah' means 'they', 'velo' means 'and not', 'nevonim' means 'wise', 'chachamim' means 'wise' or 'sages', 'lehara' means 'to do evil', 'uleheitiv' means 'to do good', 'lo yadu' means 'they do not know'.
[JER.4.23] I saw the earth and behold void and empty, and to the heavens and there was no light. [§]
Ra-ii-tee et ha-aretz ve-hee-neh tohu va-vohu ve-el ha-sha-mai-im ve-ayin oram.
'Ra-ii-tee' means 'I saw', 'et' is a grammatical marker for the direct object, 'ha-aretz' means 'the earth', 've-hee-neh' means 'and behold', 'tohu' means 'void' or 'formlessness', 'va-vohu' means 'emptiness' or 'void', 've-el' means 'and to', 'ha-sha-mai-im' means 'the heavens', 've-ayin' means 'and there is not' or 'there was no', 'oram' means 'light' (literally 'their light').
[JER.4.24] I saw the mountains, and behold, they were shaking, and all the hills were shaken. [§]
Ra'iti heharim ve-hineh ro'ashim ve-khol-hag'va'ot hitkalklu.
'Ra'iti' means 'I saw', 'heharim' means 'the mountains', 've-hineh' means 'and behold', 'ro'ashim' means 'shaking' (or 'they shake'), 've-khol' means 'and all', 'ha-g'va'ot' means 'the hills', 'hitkalklu' means 'were shaken'.
[JER.4.25] I saw, and behold, there was no man, and all the birds of the heavens fled. [§]
raiti vehineh ein haadam vechol-of hashamayim nadadu.
'raiti' means 'I saw', 'vehineh' means 'and behold', 'ein' means 'there is not' or 'there was no', 'haadam' means 'the man', 'vechol-of' means 'and all the birds', 'hashamayim' means 'of the heavens', 'nadadu' means 'fled' or 'were fled'.
[JER.4.26] I saw, and behold the vineyard of the desert, and all its towns were cut off before the face of Yahveh because of his burning anger. [§]
Ra'iti ve'hineh ha-karmel ha-midbar ve'khol-‘arav nit'tsu mipenei Yahveh mipenei charon apo.
'Ra'iti' means 'I saw', 've'hineh' means 'and behold', 'ha-karmel' means 'the vineyard', 'ha-midbar' means 'the desert', 've'khol-‘arav' means 'and all its towns', 'nit'tsu' means 'were cut off', 'mipenei' means 'before the face of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, the divine name, the second 'mipenei' repeats 'before the face of', 'charon' means 'burning', 'apo' means 'his anger'.
[JER.4.27] For thus says Yahveh, the land shall become desolate, the whole earth shall be finished, and I will not do it. [§]
Ki ko amar Yahveh shemamah tihyeh kol haaretz ve'kalah lo e'aseh.
'Ki' means 'because' or 'for'; 'ko' means 'thus' or 'this is what'; together 'ki ko' introduces a divine statement. 'Amar' means 'said'. 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH. 'Shemamah' means 'desolate' or 'waste'. 'Tihyeh' is the future form of 'to be', meaning 'shall be'. 'Kol' means 'all', 'haaretz' means 'the earth' or 'the land'. 'Ve'kalah' means 'and it shall be finished' or 'and it shall be ended'. 'Lo' means 'not'. 'E'aseh' is the first‑person singular future of 'to do', 'I will do'.
[JER.4.28] Upon this the earth will be devastated and the heavens will be burned from above because I spoke in scorn and I was not comforted and I will not return from it. [§]
Al zot teevul ha aretz ve kadrU ha shamayim mimmaal al ki dibarti zammoti velo nichamti velo ashuv mimena.
'Al' means 'upon', 'zot' means 'this', 'teevul' means 'you will be devastated' (referring to the earth), 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'aretz' means 'earth', 've' means 'and', 'kadrU' means 'they will be burned', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 'mimmaal' means 'from above', 'al' means 'because', 'ki' means 'that' or 'because', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'zammoti' means 'in scorn' or 'my scorn', 'velo' means 'and not', 'nichamti' means 'I was comforted', 'ashuv' means 'I will return', and 'mimena' means 'from it'.
[JER.4.29] From the voice of Parash and the one who raises the bow, the whole city fled; they came in clouds and in smoke, they went up, the entire city was desolate and no man dwelt there. [§]
miqol parash ve'romeh keshet borachat kol ha'ir ba'u be'avim u'bakefim alu kol ha'ir azubah ve'ein yoshev bahen ish.
'miqol' means 'from the voice', 'parash' is a proper name (Parash), 've'romeh' means 'and the one who lifts/raises', 'keshet' means 'bow', 'borachat' means 'fleeing', 'kol ha'ir' means 'all the city', 'ba'u' means 'they came', 'be'avim' means 'in clouds', 'u'bakefim' means 'and in smoke', 'alu' means 'they went up', the second 'kol ha'ir azubah' means 'the whole city was desolate', 've'ein' means 'and there is not', 'yoshev' means 'dwelling', 'bahen' means 'there', and 'ish' means 'a man'.
[JER.4.30] And you, Shadud, what will you do? For you will clothe my year, for you will adorn a gold necklace, for you will tear your eyes in the pot in vain; you will be ashamed. They have despised you; the envious will seek your soul. [§]
ve'ati shadud mah-taasi ki-tilbeshi shani ki-taadi adi-zahav ki-tikrei ba-puch einayich lashav tityapi maasu-vakh ogvim nafshekh yebakeshu
've'ati' means 'and you (feminine)', 'shadud' is a proper name, 'mah-taasi' means 'what will you do', 'ki-tilbeshi' means 'because you will clothe', 'shani' means 'my year', 'ki-taadi' means 'because you will adorn', 'adi-zahav' means 'a gold necklace', 'ki-tikrei' means 'because you will tear', 'ba-puch' means 'in the pot', 'einayich' means 'your eyes', 'lashav' means 'in vain', 'tityapi' means 'you will be ashamed', 'maasu-vakh' means 'they have despised you', 'ogvim' means 'the envious', 'nafshekh' means 'your soul', 'yebakeshu' means 'they will seek'.
[JER.4.31] For I heard a voice like a grinding stone, a distress as a crushing; the voice of the daughter of Zion will weep, she will spread out her palms. Woe indeed to me, for my soul has been troubled to be killed. [§]
ki qol kecholah shamati tsarah kembikirah qol bat-tzion tityapeach tefaress kappeha oy-na li ki ayfah nafshi lehor'gem.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'qol' means 'voice' or 'sound', 'kecholah' means 'like a grinding stone' (literally 'as a pestle'), 'shamati' means 'I heard', 'tsarah' means 'trouble' or 'affliction', 'kembikirah' means 'as a crushing', 'qol' again 'voice', 'bat-tzion' means 'daughter of Zion', 'tityapeach' means 'will be made to weep' or 'will be broken', 'tefaress' means 'will spread' or 'will thrust out', 'kappeha' means 'her palms', 'oy-na' means 'woe indeed' or 'alas', 'li' means 'to me', 'ki' means 'because', 'ayfah' means 'has exhausted' or 'has troubled', 'nafshi' means 'my soul', 'lehor'gem' means 'to kill' or 'to be slain'.
JER.5
[JER.5.1] Wander through the streets of Jerusalem, and see, and know, and search its streets; if you find a man, if there is one who does justice, seeks faith, I will forgive her. [§]
Shottu bechutot Yerushalaim u-re'u-na u-deu u-bakshu birchovoteha im timtzeu ish im yesh oseh mishpat mevakesh emunah ve-eslach lah.
'Shottu' means 'wander', 'bechutot' means 'in the streets of', 'Yerushalaim' means 'Jerusalem', 'u-re'u-na' means 'and see', 'u-deu' means 'and know', 'u-bakshu' means 'and search', 'birchovoteha' means 'its streets', 'im' means 'if', 'timtzeu' means 'you find', 'ish' means 'a man', 'im' means 'if', 'yesh' means 'there is', 'oseh' means 'does', 'mishpat' means 'justice', 'mevakesh' means 'seeks', 'emunah' means 'faith', 've-eslach' means 'and I will forgive', 'lah' means 'her/it'.
[JER.5.2] And if Yahveh lives, they will say, therefore they will become weary of falsehood. [§]
ve'im chai Yahveh yomeru lakhen lash-eker yishaveu.
've'im' means 'and if', 'chai' means 'alive' or 'living', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'yomeru' means 'they will say', 'lakhen' means 'therefore', 'lash-eker' means 'to falsehood' (the word for 'lie'), 'yishaveu' means 'they will become weary' or 'they will be exhausted'.
[JER.5.3] Yahveh, your eyes are not of faith; you struck them and they did not fall, you completed them, from us take discipline, strengthen their faces from the rock, from us to return. [§]
Yahveh eynaykha halo le'emunah hikkita otam ve'lo-chalu kilitam me'anu kachat musar chizku p'neihem misela me'anu lashuv.
'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH. 'eynaykha' means 'your eyes'. 'halo' means 'is not' or 'are not'. 'le'emunah' means 'for faith' or 'of faith'. 'hikkita' means 'you struck'. 'otam' means 'them'. 've'lo-chalu' means 'and they did not fall/go'. 'kilitam' means 'you finished them' or 'you completed them'. 'me'anu' means 'from us'. 'kachat' means 'take'. 'musar' means 'discipline' or 'instruction'. 'chizku' means 'strengthen'. 'p'neihem' means 'their faces'. 'misela' means 'from rock' or 'of stone'. 'lashuv' means 'to return' or 'to turn back'.
[JER.5.4] And I said, only the poor are humbled, because they do not know the way of Yahveh, the judgment of their Gods. [§]
va ani amarti ach dalim hem noalu ki lo yadu derekh Yahveh mishpat eloheihem
'va'ani' means 'and I', 'amarti' means 'I said', 'ach' means 'only', 'dalim' means 'the poor', 'hem' means 'they', 'noalu' means 'are humbled', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'yadu' means 'they know', 'derekh' means 'the way', 'Yahveh' means 'the personal name of God', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'eloheihem' means 'their Gods'.
[JER.5.5] I will go to the great ones and speak to them because they know the way of Yahveh, the judgment of their Gods; only they together broke the sacrifice, cut off the restrictions. [§]
elacha-li el-hagdolim va'adavra otam ki hemmah yad'u derech Yahveh mishpat eloheihem ach hemmah yachdav shavru ol nitku moserot.
'elacha-li' means 'I will go', 'el-hagdolim' means 'to the great ones', 'va'adavra' means 'and I will speak', 'otam' means 'to them', 'ki' means 'because', 'hemmah' means 'they', 'yad'u' means 'know', 'derech' means 'the way', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'eloheihem' means 'their Gods' (Elohim = the Gods), 'ach' means 'only', 'hemmah' again means 'they', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'shavru' means 'broke', 'ol' means 'the sacrifice/offering', 'nitku' means 'they cut off', 'moserot' means 'restrictions' or 'ordinances'.
[JER.5.6] Therefore the lion will strike from the forest, the wolf will devour them, the leopard will crouch upon their cities; everyone who goes out from there will be shaken, because their transgressions are many, they have become hardened in their ways. [§]
Al-ken Hikkam Aryeh Mi-ya'ar Ze'ev Aravot Yeshaddehem Namer Shoked Al-areihem Kol-hayotze Mehenna Yitarref Ki Rabu Pisheyehem Atzmu Meshuboteihem.
'Al-ken' means 'therefore', 'Hikkam' means 'will strike', 'Aryeh' means 'lion', 'Mi-ya'ar' means 'from the forest', 'Ze'ev' means 'wolf', 'Aravot' means 'will devour', 'Yeshaddehem' means 'will plunder them', 'Namer' means 'leopard', 'Shoked' means 'crouches', 'Al-areihem' means 'upon their cities', 'Kol-hayotze' means 'everyone who goes out', 'Mehenna' means 'from there', 'Yitarref' means 'will be shaken', 'Ki' means 'because', 'Rabu' means 'are many', 'Pisheyehem' means 'their transgressions', 'Atzmu' means 'they have become hardened', 'Meshuboteihem' means 'in their ways'.
[JER.5.7] Where for this I will forgive you, your children abandoned me and they swore without the Gods, and I will satisfy them; they grew weary, and the house of a harlot will be increased. [§]
ei lazot eslach-lakh banayikh azavuni vayishavu belo elohim vaashbia otam vayin'afu uveit zonah yitgodadu.
'ei' means 'where', 'lazot' means 'for this', 'eslach-lakh' means 'I will forgive you', 'banayikh' means 'your children', 'azavuni' means 'abandoned me', 'vayishavu' means 'and they swore', 'belo' means 'without', 'elohim' means 'the Gods', 'vaashbia' means 'and I will satisfy', 'otam' means 'them', 'vayin'afu' means 'they grew weary', 'uveit' means 'and the house', 'zonah' means 'harlot', 'yitgodadu' means 'will be increased'.
[JER.5.8] The horses were tuned and awake; a man to his wife's companion will be ashamed. [§]
susim meyuzzanim mashkim hayu ish el eshet re'ehu yitzhalu.
'susim' means 'horses', 'meyuzzanim' means 'tuned' or 'prepared', 'mashkim' means 'those who cause to rise' or 'awakeners', 'hayu' means 'they were', 'ish' means 'a man', 'el' means 'to', 'eshet' means 'wife', 're'ehu' means 'his companion or friend', 'yitzhalu' means 'they will be ashamed'.
[JER.5.9] Concerning these, I will not count, says Yahveh, and if in a nation that is like this, you will not avenge my soul. [§]
ha'al-elleh lo e'p'kod ne'um Yahveh ve'im be'goy asher-kazeh lo tit'nake'em nafshi.
'ha'al-elleh' means 'these' or 'concerning these', 'lo' means 'not', 'e'p'kod' means 'I will count' or 'reckon', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 've'im' means 'and if', 'be'goy' means 'in a nation', 'asher-kazeh' means 'that is like this', 'lo' means 'not', 'tit'nake'em' means 'you will avenge' or 'you will take revenge', 'nafshi' means 'my soul' or 'myself'.
[JER.5.10] Go up in her wines and make them drunk and finish; do not do this, remove its droplets, because they are not for Yahveh. [§]
alu besharoteha vesachetu vechalah el-ta'asu hasiru netishoteha ki lo l'YHVH hemmah.
'alu' means 'go up' or 'ascend', 'besharoteha' means 'in her wines' (sharot = wines, -eha = her), 'vesachetu' means 'and make them drunk' (shachah = to make drunk), 'vechalah' means 'and finish' or 'and consume', 'el-ta'asu' means 'do not do' (el = not, ta'asu = you will do), 'hasiru' means 'remove' (imperative), 'netishoteha' means 'its droplets' (netisha = droplets, -oteha = its), 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'l'YHVH' means 'for Yahveh' (YHVH rendered as Yahveh), 'hemmah' means 'they are'.
[JER.5.11] Because of treachery they have betrayed me, the house of Israel and the house of Judah, says Yahveh. [§]
Ki bagod bagdu bi beit Yisrael uveit Yehudah ne'um Yahveh.
'Ki' means 'because', 'bagod' means 'for treachery' or 'because of betrayal', 'bagdu' means 'they have betrayed', 'bi' means 'me' (the object pronoun referring to God), 'beit' means 'house' or 'family', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'uveit' means 'and house', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.5.12] They blasphemed Yahveh and said, 'He is not; no disaster will come upon us, and we will not see sword or famine.' [§]
Kichashu baYahveh vayomru lo hu ve'lo tavo aleinu ra'ah ve'cherav ve'ra'av lo nir'eh.
'Kichashu' means 'they blasphemed' or 'they denied', 'baYahveh' means 'the God' (Yahveh), 'vayomru' means 'and they said', 'lo hu' means 'it is not' or 'he is not', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'tavo' means 'come', 'aleinu' means 'upon us', 'ra'ah' means 'disaster', 've'cherav' means 'and sword', 've'ra'av' means 'and famine', 'lo' means 'not', 'nir'eh' means 'we will see'.
[JER.5.13] And the prophets shall be like wind, and the speaker is not among them; thus it shall be done to them. [§]
veha-nevi'im yihyu le'ruach ve-hadiber ein bahem ko ye'aseh lahem.
'veha-nevi'im' means 'and the prophets', 'yihyu' means 'shall be', 'le'ruach' means 'like wind', 've-hadiber' means 'and the speaker', 'ein' means 'is not', 'bahem' means 'among them', 'ko' means 'thus', 'ye'aseh' means 'shall be done', 'lahem' means 'to them'.
[JER.5.14] Therefore thus says Yahveh the Gods of Hosts because you have spoken this word, behold I am giving my words into your mouth for fire and this people are wood and I will eat them. [§]
Lachen ko-amar Yahveh Elohei Tzevaot ya'an daberchem et-hadavar hazeh hineini noten dvarai b'fecha le'esh veha'am hazeh etsim ve'achalatam.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohei' is the genitive form of 'Elohim' meaning 'of the Gods', 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' or 'armies', 'ya'an' means 'because', 'daberchem' means 'you have spoken', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'hadavar' means 'the word', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'hineini' means 'behold I am', 'noten' means 'giving', 'dvarai' means 'my words', 'b'fecha' means 'in your mouth', 'le'esh' means 'for fire', 'veha'am' means 'and the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'etsim' means 'wood', 've'achalatam' means 'and I will eat them'. The names of God are rendered according to the given literal equivalents: YHVH → Yahveh, Elohim → the Gods.
[JER.5.15] Behold, I am bringing upon you a nation from afar, house of Israel, says Yahveh, a nation everlasting it is, a nation from eternity it is, a nation you will not know its language and you will not hear what it will speak. [§]
Hineni mevi aleichem goi mimerechah beit Yisrael ne'um Yahveh goi eitan hu goi me'olam hu goi lo-te'eda leshono ve'lo tishma mah-yedabber.
'Hineni' means 'Behold, I am', 'mevi' means 'bring', 'aleichem' means 'upon you (plural)', 'goi' means 'nation', 'mimerechah' means 'from afar', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'ne'um' means 'says' (word of), 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'eitan' means 'lasting' or 'eternal', 'hu' means 'it is', 'me'olam' means 'from eternity', 'lo-te'eda' means 'you will not know', 'leshono' means 'its language', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'tishma' means 'you will hear', 'mah-yedabber' means 'what (it) will speak'.
[JER.5.16] His ruin is like an open grave; all are mighty. [§]
ashpato keqever patuch kulam gibborim.
'ashpato' means 'his ruin', 'keqever' means 'like a grave', 'patuch' means 'open' or 'opened', 'kulam' means 'all of them', 'gibborim' means 'mighty ones' or 'heroes'. The phrase 'ashpato keqever patuch' is an idiom indicating a ruin that is as severe as an open grave.
[JER.5.17] Your harvest will be taken, and your bread will be eaten; your sons and daughters will eat; your flock and your cattle will be devoured; your vine and your fig tree will be taken; your fortified cities which you trust in will be laid waste by the sword. [§]
ve'achal ketsirecha ve'lechmecha yokhlu banecha u'venotecha yokhal tzo'anecha u'vekarecha yokhal gafnecha u'te'anatekha yeroshesh arei mivtzarecha asher attah botech ba'henna becherav.
've'achal' means 'and shall eat', 'ketsirecha' means 'your harvest', 've'lechmecha' means 'and your bread', 'yokhlu' means 'they will eat', 'banecha' means 'your sons', 'u'venotecha' means 'and your daughters', 'yokhal' means 'will eat', 'tzo'anecha' means 'your flock', 'u'vekarecha' means 'and your cattle', 'yokhal' means 'will eat', 'gafnecha' means 'your vine', 'u'te'anatekha' means 'and your fig tree', 'yeroshesh' means 'will plunder' or 'will lay waste', 'arei' means 'the cities', 'mivtzarecha' means 'of your fortresses', 'asher' means 'which', 'attah' means 'you', 'botech' means 'trust in them', 'ba'henna' means 'in them', 'becherav' means 'by the sword'.
[JER.5.18] And even in those days, says Yahveh, I will do nothing with you. [§]
vegam bayamim hahem ne'um-Yahveh lo-e'ese itchem kala.
'vegam' means 'and also', 'bayamim' means 'in the days', 'hahem' means 'those', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'lo' means 'not', 'e'ese' means 'I will do', 'itchem' means 'with you', 'kala' means 'nothing' or 'no more'.
[JER.5.19] And it shall be when you say, 'Why has Yahveh our the Gods done to us all these things?' then you will say to them, 'As you have forsaken me and served the Gods of a foreign nation in your land, thus you will serve strangers in a land not yours.' [§]
vehayah ki tomru tachat ma asah Yahveh Eloheinu lanu et kol eleh veamarta alehem ka asher azavtem oti vataavdu Elohei nechar baartchem ken taavdu zarim beeretz lo lakhem.
've' means 'and', 'hayah' means 'it will be', 'ki' means 'when', 'tomru' means 'you say', 'tachat' means 'why' (literally 'under'), 'ma' means 'what', 'asah' means 'has done', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Eloheinu' is 'our the Gods' (Elohim = the Gods), 'lanu' means 'to us', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'eleh' means 'these', 'veamarta' means 'and you will say', 'alehem' means 'to them', 'ka' means 'as', 'asher' means 'that', 'azavtem' means 'you forsook', 'oti' means 'me', 'vataavdu' means 'and you served', 'Elohei' means 'the Gods of', 'nechar' means 'a foreign', 'baartchem' means 'in your land', 'ken' means 'thus', 'taavdu' means 'you will serve', 'zarim' means 'strangers', 'beeretz' means 'in a land', 'lo' means 'not', 'lakhem' means 'yours'.
[JER.5.20] Announce this in the house of Jacob, and make it known in Judah, saying: [§]
haggidu zot bebeit yaakov vehashmihuha biyehudah leemor.
'haggidu' means 'announce' or 'proclaim', 'zot' means 'this', 'bebeit yaakov' means 'in the house of Jacob', 'vehashmihuha' means 'and make it heard (it) in Judah', 'biyehudah' means 'in Judah', 'leemor' means 'saying' or 'to say'.
[JER.5.21] Listen now to this, O senseless people with no heart; they have eyes, yet they do not see, they have ears, yet they do not hear. [§]
Shimu-na zot am sakal ve'ein lev; eynayim lahem velo yiru; ozenayim lahem velo yishma'u.
'Shimu' means 'listen', 'na' is an emphatic particle meaning 'now', 'zot' means 'this', 'am' means 'people', 'sakal' means 'foolish' or 'senseless', 've'ein' means 'and there is no', 'lev' means 'heart', 'eynayim' means 'eyes', 'lahem' means 'to them' or 'for them', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yiru' means 'they will see', 'ozenayim' means 'ears', 'yishma'u' means 'they will hear'.
[JER.5.22] The sign you will not fear, says Yahveh, if before me you do not become frightened, what I have set as a sand boundary for the sea, an everlasting decree that they will not cross, they were stunned and cannot, and they raise its wave and will not cross it. [§]
ha'oti lo tirau neum Yahveh im mipanei lo tahilu asher samti chol gevul layam chak olam velo yaavrenu vayitga'asu velo yukalu vehamu galav.
'ha'oti' means 'this sign', 'lo' means 'not', 'tirau' means 'you will fear', 'neum' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'im' means 'if', 'mipanei' means 'before me', 'lo' again 'not', 'tahilu' means 'you will be frightened', 'asher' means 'that which', 'samti' means 'I have set', 'chol' means 'sand', 'gevul' means 'boundary', 'layam' means 'to the sea', 'chak' means 'law', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yaavrenu' means 'they will cross it', 'vayitga'asu' means 'they were stunned', 'vel
o' means 'and not', 'yukalu' means 'they can', 'vehamu' means 'and they raise', 'galav' means 'its wave'.
[JER.5.23] And for this people the heart was stubborn and perverse; they turned and went. [§]
ve-laam ha-zeh hayah lev sorer u-moreh saru va-yelchu.
've' means 'and', 'laam' means 'to the people', 'ha-zeh' means 'this', 'hayah' means 'was', 'lev' means 'heart', 'sorer' means 'stubborn' or 'hard', 'u-moreh' means 'and perverse', 'saru' means 'they turned', 'va-yelchu' means 'and they went' or 'walked'.
[JER.5.24] And they did not say in their hearts, 'Let us fear Yahveh, our the Gods, the one who gives rain and dew and frost in its season, weekly statutes of the harvest, may He guard us.' [§]
ve'lo amru b'levavam nira na et Yahveh Eloheinu hanoten geshem ve'ireh u'malkosh be'ito shvu'ot chukot katsir yishmar lanu.
've'lo' means 'and not', 'amru' means 'they said', 'b'levavam' means 'in their hearts', 'nira' means 'let us fear', 'na' is an enclitic particle meaning 'now' or softening the request, 'et' is a direct object marker, 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Eloheinu' is the plural form of Elohim with the suffix -nu meaning 'our', therefore rendered literally as 'our the Gods', 'hanoten' means 'who gives', 'geshem' means 'rain', 've'ireh' means 'and dew', 'u'malkosh' means 'and frost', 'be'ito' means 'in its season', 'shvu'ot' means 'weeks' or 'periods', 'chukot' means 'statutes', 'katsir' means 'harvest', 'yishmar' means 'may keep' or 'may guard', 'lanu' means 'for us'. The verse is a collective admonition that the people have not even thought to revere Yahveh, the God(s) who provides seasonal rain, dew, and frost, and who establishes regular statutes concerning the harvest, asking that He guard them.
[JER.5.25] Your iniquities turned these, and your sins prevented the good from you. [§]
avonoteichem hittu-elleh vechatooteichem manu hatov mikem.
'avonoteichem' means 'your iniquities'; 'hittu-elleh' means 'they turned these'; 'vechatooteichem' means 'and your sins/transgressions'; 'manu' means 'they prevented' or 'they withheld'; 'hatov' means 'the good'; 'mikem' means 'from you' or 'away from you'.
[JER.5.26] Because evildoers are found among my people, the upright like the sharp ones have set up a destroyer; men will be led astray. [§]
ki nimtzeu be'ami reshaim yashur keshach yekushim hitzivu mashchit anashim yilkodu.
'ki' means 'because', 'nimtzeu' means 'are found', 'be'ami' means 'in my people', 'reshaim' means 'evildoers', 'yashur' means 'upright' or 'righteous', 'keshach' means 'as a sharp one' or 'like a cutting edge', 'yekushim' means 'the sharp ones' or 'those who cut', 'hitzivu' means 'they have set up' or 'they have placed', 'mashchit' means 'destroyer' or 'one who corrupts', 'anashim' means 'people' or 'men', 'yilkodu' means 'they will be led' or 'they will be taken astray'.
[JER.5.27] Like a dog full of birds, so their houses fill with deception; because of that they grew and made themselves rich. [§]
kiklov male of ken battehem meleim mirmah al-ken gadu vayashiru.
'kiklov' means 'like a dog', 'male' means 'full', 'of' means 'bird', 'ken' means 'so' or 'thus', 'battehem' means 'their houses', 'meleim' means 'fill' (verb in plural), 'mirmah' means 'deception' or 'lie', 'al-ken' means 'because of that', 'gadu' means 'they grew' or 'they increased', 'vayashiru' means 'and they made (them) rich' or 'and they became rich'.
[JER.5.28] They have become fat, they have acted; also they have transgressed evil words. They have not given judgment, the judgment of the orphan they will prosper, and they have not judged the poor. [§]
shamnu ashtu gam avru divrei ra din lo danu din yatom vayatzlichu u-mishpat evyonim lo shafatu.
'shamnu' means 'they have become fat', 'ashtu' means 'they have acted or done', 'gam' means 'also', 'avru' means 'they have transgressed or passed', 'divrei' means 'words', 'ra' means 'evil', 'din' means 'judgment', 'lo' means 'not', 'danu' means 'they gave', the second 'din' again means 'judgment', 'yatom' means 'orphan', 'vayatzlichu' means 'and they will prosper', 'u-mishpat' means 'and judgment', 'evyonim' means 'the poor', the second 'lo' means 'not', and 'shafatu' means 'they judged'.
[JER.5.29] Do not think these I will not, says Yahveh, if a nation such as this does not avenge my soul. [§]
Ha'al eleh lo efkod ne'um Yahveh im be-goy asher kaze lo titnakeim nafshi.
'Ha'al' means 'Do not think', 'eleh' means 'these', 'lo' means 'not', 'efkod' means 'I will bring about' or 'I will do', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'im' means 'if', 'be-goy' means 'in a nation' or 'among a people', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'kaze' means 'such' or 'like this', 'lo' means 'not', 'titnakeim' means 'you will avenge' (from the root NKM meaning to punish or avenge), 'nafshi' means 'my soul'.
[JER.5.30] Heat and storm were upon the earth. [§]
shammah ve sha'arurah niheytah baaretz.
'shammah' means 'heat', 've' means 'and', 'sha'arurah' means 'storm' or 'tempest', 'niheytah' means 'became' or 'was', 'baaretz' means 'in the earth' or 'upon the earth'.
[JER.5.31] The prophets prophesied lies, and the priests go down on their hands, and my people loved them thus, and what will you do at its end. [§]
Ha-nevi'im nibb'ū ba-sheqer ve-ha-kohanim yirdū al-yedeihem ve-ami ahavu ken u-mah ta'asu le'acharitah.
'Ha-nevi'im' means 'the prophets', 'nibb'ū' means 'prophesied' (past tense), 'ba-sheqer' means 'in falsehood' or 'lies', 've-ha-kohanim' means 'and the priests', 'yirdū' means 'they go down' or 'walk down', 'al-yedeihem' means 'on their hands', 've-ami' means 'and my people', 'ahavu' means 'loved', 'ken' means 'thus' or 'so', 'u-mah' means 'and what', 'ta'asu' means 'you will do', 'le'acharitah' means 'for its end' or 'at the end'.
JER.6
[JER.6.1] Raise, O sons of Benjamin, from among Jerusalem, and when you sound the trumpet, and on the house of the vineyard bring up a load, for a disaster has been seen from the north and great destruction. [§]
haizu bnei binyamin mikerev yerushalayim uvitkoa tiku shofar veal beit hakerem seu maset ki raah nishkepah mitsafon veshever gadol.
'haizu' means 'raise' or 'lift up', 'bnei' means 'sons' or 'children', 'binyamin' is the personal name Benjamin, 'mikerev' means 'from among', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'uvitkoa' means 'and when you sound', 'tiku' means 'blow', 'shofar' means 'trumpet', 'veal' means 'and on', 'beit' means 'the house of', 'hakerem' means 'the vineyard', 'seu' means 'carry' or 'bring up', 'maset' means 'burden' or 'load', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'raah' means 'evil' or 'disaster', 'nishkepah' means 'has been seen', 'mitsafon' means 'from the north', 'veshever' means 'and great destruction', 'gadol' means 'great'.
[JER.6.2] The shame and the delight I wept, daughter of Zion. [§]
hanavah veha-meunagah damiti bat Tzion.
'hanavah' means 'the shame', 'veha-meunagah' means 'and the delight', 'damiti' means 'I wept', 'bat' means 'daughter', 'Tzion' means 'Zion'.
[JER.6.3] To her the shepherds will come and their flock; they will strike upon her tents all around, each man his hand. [§]
Eleha yavohu roim veederayhem taku alaha ohalim saviv ra'u ish etyado.
'Eleha' means 'to her', 'yavohu' means 'will come', 'roim' means 'shepherds', 'veederayhem' means 'and their flock', 'taku' means 'they will strike', 'alaha' means 'upon her', 'ohalim' means 'tents', 'saviv' means 'all around', 'ra'u' means 'they were distressed' or 'they roared', 'ish' means 'each man', 'etyado' means 'his hand'.
[JER.6.4] Sanctify a war upon it; arise and we shall go up at noon. Woe to us, for the day has turned, because they will set the shadows of evening. [§]
Kaddeshu aleha milchamah kumu ve-na'aleh ba-tzaharayim oy lanu ki-pane ha-yom ki yinatu tzillei-arev.
'Kaddeshu' means 'sanctify' (imperative plural), 'aleha' means 'upon it/her', 'milchamah' means 'war', 'kumu' means 'rise' or 'stand up', 've-na'aleh' means 'and we shall go up', 'ba-tzaharayim' means 'in the noon', 'oy' means 'woe' or 'alas', 'lanu' means 'to us', 'ki-pane' means 'because (it) turned', 'ha-yom' means 'the day', 'ki' means 'because', 'yinatu' means 'they will set' or 'they will turn', 'tzillei-arev' means 'evening shadows'.
[JER.6.5] Rise up, and let us go up at night and destroy her towers. [§]
Kumu ve-na'aleh ba-lailah ve-nashchitah armnoteha.
'Kumu' means 'rise' or 'stand up', 've-na'aleh' means 'and let us go up' or 'and we will ascend', 'ba-lailah' means 'by night' or 'at night', 've-nashchitah' means 'and we will destroy', 'armnoteha' means 'her towers' (the towers belonging to a feminine entity, likely a city). The final 'S' is a scribal notation marking the end of the verse.
[JER.6.6] For thus says Yahveh of hosts, cut counsel and pour a ruin upon Jerusalem; it is the appointed city, all its inside filth. [§]
Ki kho amar Yahveh tzevaot kirtu etzah veshifchu al-yerushalayim solleh hi ha'ir hafkad kullah oshek bikirbah.
'Ki' means 'for', 'kho' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'kirtu' means 'cut', 'etzah' means 'counsel', 'veshifchu' means 'and pour out', 'al-' means 'upon', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'solleh' means 'a ruin' or 'destruction', 'hi' means 'it is', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hafkad' means 'appointed' or 'assigned', 'kullah' means 'all of it', 'oshek' means 'filth' or 'excrement', 'bikirbah' means 'within it'.
[JER.6.7] Like a furnace in the flood of its waters, so will her evil be buried; violence and oppression will be heard in her, before my face always sickness and wound. [§]
kehaqir ba vir meimeha ken heqerah raatah chamas vashod yishama ba al-pani tamid choli umakka.
'kehaqir' means 'as a fire' or 'like a furnace', 'ba' means 'in', 'vir' means 'the flood' (or 'the water'), 'meimeha' means 'its waters', 'ken' means 'so' or 'thus', 'heqerah' means 'she will be buried' or 'she will be laid low', 'raatah' means 'her evil', 'chamas' means 'violence', 'vashod' means 'and oppression', 'yishama' means 'will be heard', 'ba' (here) means 'in her', 'al-pani' means 'before my face', 'tamid' means 'always', 'choli' means 'sickness', 'umakka' means 'and wound' (or 'blow').
[JER.6.8] Hide Jerusalem lest my soul be cut off from you, lest I make it a desolation, a land that will not be inhabited. [§]
hiwsri yerushalam pen teka nafshi mimmech pen ashimech shmemah eretz lo noshava.
'hiwsri' means 'hide', 'yerushalam' means 'Jerusalem', 'pen' means 'lest', 'teka' means 'you will cut off', 'nafshi' means 'my soul', 'mimmech' means 'from you', 'pen' again means 'lest', 'ashimech' means 'I will cause you', 'shmemah' means 'desolation', 'eretz' means 'land', 'lo' means 'not', 'noshava' means 'inhabited'.
[JER.6.9] Thus said Yahveh of Hosts, 'The one who raises shall raise like a vine the remnant of Israel; turn back your hand as a plaiter upon cords.' [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot olel ye'olelu kaghefen she'erit Yisrael hashiv yadkha kebotzer al salsilot.
'Koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH and is rendered as the name Yahveh, 'Tzevaot' means 'of Hosts', 'olel' means 'one who causes to rise' or 'raising', 'ye'olelu' means 'they will raise' or 'they shall cause to rise', 'kaghefen' means 'like a vine', 'she'erit' means 'remnant', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hashiv' means 'turn back' or 'return', 'yadkha' means 'your hand', 'kebotzer' means 'as a plaiter' or 'as one who braids', 'al' means 'upon', 'salsilot' means 'cords' or 'strings'.
[JER.6.10] Upon whom shall I speak and declare, and they shall hear? Behold, they have ears and they cannot listen. Behold the word of Yahveh was to them a reproach; they will not desire it. [§]
al-mi adabbrah ve'oaidah veyishma'u hineh arelah oznam velo yuchlu lehaqshiv hineh dvar-Yahveh hayah lahhem lecherpah lo yachptzu-vo.
'al-mi' means 'upon whom', 'adabbrah' means 'shall I speak', 've'oaidah' means 'and (I) will declare', 'veyishma'u' means 'and they will hear', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'arelah' means 'they have ears', 'oznam' means 'their ears', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yuchlu' means 'they can', 'lehaqshiv' means 'to listen', 'dvar-Yahveh' means 'the word of Yahveh' (YHWH translated as Yahveh), 'hayah' means 'was', 'lahhem' means 'to them', 'lecherpah' means 'a reproach' or 'disgrace', 'lo' means 'not', 'yachptzu-vo' means 'they will desire it'.
[JER.6.11] And the wrath of Yahveh I have filled, I have become afflicted, the measure poured upon a child outside and upon secret among the youths together, for also a man with a woman will be caught, an old man with many days. [§]
Ve'et chamat Yahveh male'ati nil'eti hachil shefokh al-olal ba'chutz ve'al sod ba'churim yachdav ki gam ish im ishah yilakhdu zaken im mele yamim.
'Ve'et' means 'and' (the accusative marker). 'chamat' means 'wrath'. 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH. 'male'ati' means 'I have filled'. 'nil'eti' means 'I have become afflicted'. 'hachil' is rendered here as 'the measure' (from a root meaning 'to contain' or 'to allocate'). 'shefokh' means 'to pour'. 'al-olal' means 'upon a child'. 'ba'chutz' means 'outside'. 've'al' means 'and upon'. 'sod' means 'secret'. 'ba'churim' means 'among the youths'. 'yachdav' means 'together'. 'ki' means 'for'. 'gam' means 'also'. 'ish' means 'man'. 'im' means 'with'. 'ishah' means 'woman'. 'yilakhdu' means 'they will be caught' or 'they will be ensnared'. 'zaken' means 'old man'. 'im' means 'with'. 'mele' means 'full'. 'yamim' means 'days'.
[JER.6.12] And they will go round their houses to others, fields and women together, because I will lift my hand upon the inhabitants of the earth, says Yahveh. [§]
Ve nasavu bateihem la'acherim sadoot ve-nashim yachdav ki ateh et-yadi al yoshvei haaretz ne'um Yahveh.
'Ve' means 'and', 'nasavu' means 'they will go round', 'bateihem' means 'their houses', 'la'acherim' means 'to others', 'sadoot' means 'fields', 've-nashim' means 'and women', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'ki' means 'because', 'ateh' (archaic) means 'I will lift', 'et-yadi' means 'my hand', 'al' means 'upon', 'yoshvei' means 'the dwellers/inhabitants', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.6.13] For from the smallest to the greatest, all are deceitful, and from the prophet to the priest, all practice falsehood. [§]
Ki mik'tanam ve'ad-gedolam kulo botséa batsá ve-minavi ve'ad-koheyn kulo oseh shaker.
'Ki' means 'for', 'mik'tanam' means 'from the small ones', 've'ad-gedolam' means 'and up to the great ones', 'kulo' means 'all', 'botséa' means 'deceives', 'batsá' means 'in deceit', 've-minavi' means 'and from the prophet', 've'ad-koheyn' means 'and up to the priest', 'oseh' means 'does' or 'practices', 'shaker' means 'falsehood' or 'lie'.
[JER.6.14] They healed the brokenness of my people at the outskirts, saying peace, peace, but there is no peace. [§]
Vayirpe'u et shever ammi al nekkalah le'emor shalom shalom ve'eyn shalom.
'Vayirpe'u' means 'they healed', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'shever' means 'brokenness' or 'fracture', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'al' means 'on' or 'at', 'nekkalah' means 'the outskirts' or 'borderland', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'shalom' means 'peace', repeated for emphasis, 've'eyn' means 'and there is not', and the final 'shalom' again means 'peace'.
[JER.6.15] Be ashamed, because they have done an abomination; also the ashamed will not be ashamed, also the vessels do not know; therefore they will fall among the fallen; at the time of the gathering they will be ruined, says Yahveh. [§]
Hobishu ki toevah asu gam-bosh lo-yeboshu gam-hakelim lo yadu lachen yiplu banoflim be'et pekadtim yichaslu amar Yahveh.
'Hobishu' means 'be ashamed', 'ki' means 'because', 'toevah' means 'abomination', 'asu' means 'they have done', 'gam-bosh' means 'also the ashamed', 'lo-yeboshu' means 'will not be ashamed', 'gam-hakelim' means 'also the vessels', 'lo yadu' means 'do not know', 'lachen' means 'therefore', 'yiplu' means 'they will fall', 'banoflim' means 'among the fallen', 'be\'et' means 'at the time of', 'pekadtim' means 'the gathering', 'yichaslu' means 'they will be ruined', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.6.16] Thus said Yahveh, 'Stand on the roads and see and ask for the everlasting; where is the good way, and go into it, and find a place of rest for your soul.' They answered, 'We will not go.' [§]
Koh amar Yahveh imdu al-derakhim u-reu ve-shaalu linetavot olam ei-zeh derekh ha-tov u-lechu vah u-mitzu margoa l'nafshchem vayomeru lo nelek.
'Koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'imdu' means 'stand', 'al-derakhim' means 'on the ways/roads', 'u-reu' means 'and see', 've-shaalu' means 'and ask', 'linetavot' means 'for the everlasting', 'olam' means 'everlasting/ever', 'ei-zeh' means 'where is', 'derekh' means 'the way', 'ha-tov' means 'the good', 'u-lechu' means 'and go', 'vah' means 'into it', 'u-mitzu' means 'and find', 'margoa' means 'a place of rest', 'l'nafshchem' means 'for your soul', 'vayomeru' means 'and they said', 'lo' means 'not', 'nelek' means 'we will go'.
[JER.6.17] And I will set up over you watchmen; listen to the sound of the trumpet, and they said, not we will listen. [§]
vahekimoti aleikhem tzofim hakshivu lekol shofar vayomru lo nakshiv.
'vahekimoti' means 'and I will set up', 'aleikhem' means 'over you', 'tzofim' means 'watchmen', 'hakshivu' means 'listen', 'lekol' means 'to the sound of', 'shofar' means 'trumpet', 'vayomru' means 'and they said', 'lo' means 'not', 'nakshiv' means 'we will listen'.
[JER.6.18] Therefore, O nations, listen and know the testimony of what is in them. [§]
Lachen shimu hagoyim udei edah et-asher bam.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'shimu' means 'listen' (imperative plural), 'hagoyim' means 'the nations', 'udei' means 'and know', 'edah' means 'testimony' or 'witness', 'et-asher' means 'that which' or 'of which', 'bam' means 'in them'.
[JER.6.19] Listen, O earth, behold: I am bringing disaster upon this people, the fruit of their thoughts, because they have not listened to my words nor my instruction, and they have despised it. [§]
Shim'i haaretz hineh anokhi mevi raah el haam hazeh peri machshovotam ki al devarai lo hiqshivu ve torati vayima'su ba.
'Shim'i' means 'listen', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'anokhi' means 'I', 'mevi' means 'am bringing', 'raah' means 'disaster' or 'evil', 'el' means 'to' or 'upon', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'peri' means 'fruit', 'machshovotam' means 'of their thoughts/plans', 'ki' means 'because', 'al' means 'by' or 'for', 'devarai' means 'my words', 'lo' means 'they did not', 'hiqshivu' means 'listen' or 'pay attention', 've' means 'and', 'torati' means 'my instruction' (my teaching), 'vayima'su' means 'they despised' or 'rejected', 'ba' means 'it'.
[JER.6.20] Why is this a blemish to me from the flock you will bring and the good purchase from a distant land? Your offerings are not to my pleasure and your sacrifices have not been acceptable to me. [§]
lama-zeh li levona mishbea tavo ve-kaneh hatov me'eretz merchak oloteichem lo le-ratzon ve-zivcheichem lo-arbevu li.
'lama-zeh' means 'why (is) this', 'li' means 'to me', 'levona' means 'a blemish', 'mishbea' (from the root sh-b-') means 'from the flock/herd', 'tavo' means 'you will bring', 've-kaneh' means 'and the purchase', 'hatov' means 'the good', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'merchak' means 'distant', 'oloteichem' means 'your offerings', 'lo' means 'not', 'le-ratzon' means 'to my pleasure/liking', 've-zivcheichem' means 'and your sacrifices', 'lo-arbevu' means 'they have not been acceptable', 'li' means 'to me'.
[JER.6.21] Therefore thus said Yahveh, Behold I am giving to this people stumbling blocks and they will stumble in them, fathers and sons together dwell and their companion will be destroyed. [§]
Lachen koh amar Yahveh hineni noten el haam hazeh miksholim ve-kashlu bam avot u-vanim yachdav shachen ve-reo yeavadu.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH and is rendered as 'Yahveh', 'hineni' means 'behold I am', 'noten' means 'will give', 'el' means 'to', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'miksholim' means 'stumbling blocks', 've-kashlu' means 'and they will stumble', 'bam' means 'in them', 'avot' means 'fathers', 'u-vanim' means 'and sons', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'shachen' means 'dwell', 've-reo' means 'and their companion', 'yeavadu' means 'will be destroyed'.
[JER.6.22] Thus says Yahveh, Behold a people is coming from the north, and a great nation will arise from the ends of the earth. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh hineh am ba me'eretz tzafon vegoi gadol ye'or miyarketei-aretz.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hineh' means 'behold', 'am' means 'people', 'ba' means 'comes' or 'is coming', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'tzafon' means 'north', 'vegoi' means 'and a nation', 'gadol' means 'great', 'ye'or' means 'will be stirred' or 'will arise', 'mi' means 'from', 'yarketei-aretz' means 'the ends of the earth'.
[JER.6.23] The bow and the sling will seize the cruel one; he will not have mercy. Their voice is like the sea, silenced; and upon horses they will ride. Your fortified city, like a man for battle, is upon you, daughter of Zion. [§]
Keshet vechid'on yachaziku akhzari hu velo yerachemu kolam kayam yehemeh ve'al-susim yirkavu aruk ke'ish lamilchamah alayich bat-Tsiyyon.
'Keshet' means 'bow', 'vechid'on' means 'and a sling', 'yachaziku' means 'they will seize' or 'they will hold', 'akhzari' means 'the cruel one' (literally 'cruel'), 'hu' means 'he' or 'it', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yerachemu' means 'they will have mercy', 'kolam' means 'their voice', 'kayam' means 'like the sea', 'yehemeh' means 'will be silenced' or 'stilled', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'susim' means 'horses', 'yirkavu' means 'they will ride', 'aruk' means 'your city' or 'your stronghold', 'ke'ish' means 'like a man', 'lamilchamah' means 'for war' or 'of battle', 'alayich' means 'upon you', 'bat-Tsiyyon' means 'daughter of Zion'.
[JER.6.24] We have heard what he said; our hands are weak, trouble held us, strength like a newborn. [§]
Shama'nu et shamo rafu yadeinu tzara hechezikatnu chil kayyol'dah.
'Shama'nu' means 'we have heard', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'shamo' means 'his hearing' or 'what he said', 'rafu' means 'are weak', 'yadeinu' means 'our hands', 'tzara' means 'trouble' or 'affliction', 'hechezikatnu' means 'he held us' or 'he kept us', 'chil' means 'strength', 'kayyol'dah' means 'like a newborn'.
[JER.6.25] Do not go out the field, and do not walk on the road, because a sword for the enemy is a danger around. [§]
Al tetsi ha sadeh u baderach al telechi ki herev le oyev magor misaviv.
'Al' means 'do not', 'tetsi' means 'you will go out', 'ha' means 'the', 'sadeh' means 'field', 'u' means 'and', 'baderach' means 'on the road', 'al' again means 'do not', 'telechi' means 'you will walk', 'ki' means 'because', 'herev' means 'sword', 'le' means 'for', 'oyev' means 'the enemy', 'magor' means 'danger or deadly thing', 'misaviv' means 'around or surrounding'.
[JER.6.26] Daughter of my people, tighten your belt and be covered with ash, and make for yourself a unique mourning, a bitter lament, for suddenly the plunderer will come upon us. [§]
bat-ami chigri-sak vehitpallshi baefer ev el yachid asi lakh mismad tamrurim ki pita'am yavo hashoded alenu
'bat-ami' means 'daughter of my people', 'chigri-sak' means 'tighten your belt', 'vehitpallshi' means 'and be covered', 'baefer' means 'with ash', 'ev' means 'and', 'el' means 'mourning', 'yachid' means 'unique' or 'single', 'asi' means 'make for yourself', 'lakh' means 'to you' (feminine), 'mismad' means 'a lamentation' or 'mourning', 'tamrurim' means 'bitter', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'pita'am' means 'suddenly', 'yavo' means 'will come', 'hashoded' means 'the plunderer' or 'the robber', 'alenu' means 'upon us'.
[JER.6.27] Examine, I will give you among my people from the stronghold, and you will know, and you will examine their ways. [§]
Bachon netatticha be'ammi mivtzar veteada uvachanta et-darkam.
'Bachon' means 'examine' or 'test'; 'netatticha' is a verb meaning 'I will give you' (future 1st person singular); 'be'ammi' means 'among my people' (with the first-person possessive suffix); 'mivtzar' means 'from the stronghold' or 'from the fortified city'; 'veteada' means 'and you will know'; 'uvachanta' means 'and you will examine' (a repeated verb for emphasis); 'et-darkam' means 'their ways' (the direct object marker 'et' plus 'darkam' = 'their ways').
[JER.6.28] All of them, followers of the rebellious, walkers of slander, bronze and iron, they are all destroyers. [§]
Kulam sarei sorerim holchei rakil nechoshet uvarzel kulam mashchitim hem.
'Kulam' means 'all of them', 'sarei' means 'goers of' or 'followers of', 'sorerim' means 'rebels' or 'the rebellious', 'holchei' means 'walkers' or 'those who go', 'rakil' means 'slander' or 'gossip', 'nechoshet' means 'bronze' (copper), 'uvarzel' means 'and iron', the second 'kulam' repeats 'all of them', 'mashchitim' means 'destroyers' or 'corruptors', and 'hem' means 'they'.
[JER.6.29] Despised, marked, from their fire dust, in vain, burning, scorching, and evils are not cut off. [§]
Nachar mapuach me'eshetam ofaret lashav tzarf tzarof ve'raim lo nitaku.
'Nachar' means 'despised' or 'scorned', 'mapuach' means 'marked' or 'spotted', 'me'eshetam' means 'from their fire', 'ofaret' means 'dust' or 'dusty', 'lashav' means 'in vain', 'tzarf' means 'burning', 'tzarof' means 'scorching', 've'raim' means 'and evils', 'lo' means 'not', 'nitaku' means 'are cut off' or 'are ended'.
[JER.6.30] Silver is despised, they called them, because Yahveh hates them. [§]
Kesef nimmas kareu lahem ki maas Yahveh bahem.
'Kesef' means 'silver', 'nimmas' means 'is despised', 'kareu' means 'they called', 'lahem' means 'them', 'ki' means 'because', 'maas' means 'hates' or 'holds in contempt', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, and 'bahem' means 'against them' or 'among them'.
JER.7
[JER.7.1] The word which was to Jeremiah from Yahveh, saying. [§]
ha-davar asher hayah el-Yirmeyahu me'et Yahveh le'emor.
'ha-davar' means 'the word' or 'the message'; 'asher' means 'that' or 'which'; 'hayah' means 'was' or 'came'; 'el' means 'to' or 'toward'; 'Yirmeyahu' is the personal name Jeremiah; 'me'et' means 'from' (literally 'by the hand of'); 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH; 'le'emor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.7.2] Stand at the gate of the house of Yahveh and call there this thing and you shall say, 'Hear the word of Yahveh, all Judah who come through these gates to worship Yahveh.' [§]
Amod be'sha'ar beit Yahveh ve'karata sham et-hadavar hazeh ve'amarta shimu devar-Yahveh kol Yehudah habe'im ba'sha'arim ha'eleh le'hishtachavot laYahveh.
'Amod' means 'Stand', 'be'sha'ar' means 'at the gate', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 've'karata' means 'and you shall call', 'sham' means 'there', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'hadavar' means 'the word/thing', 'hazeh' means 'this', 've'amarta' means 'and you shall say', 'shimu' means 'hear', 'devar' means 'the word of', 'kol' means 'all', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'habe'im' means 'those who come', 'ba'sha'arim' means 'through the gates', 'ha'eleh' means 'these', 'le'hishtachavot' means 'to bow down/worship', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh'.
[JER.7.3] Thus says Yahveh of Hosts, the Gods of Israel, make your ways good and your deeds, and I will settle you in this place. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael heitivu darkheichem umaalleteichem vaashakkenah etchem bamacom hazeh.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in the army of God), 'Elohei' is the construct form of Elohim meaning 'the Gods of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'heitivu' means 'make good' or 'improve', 'darkheichem' means 'your ways', 'umaalleteichem' means 'and your deeds', 'vaashakkenah' means 'and I will cause you to settle', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'bamacom' means 'in the place', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.7.4] Do not trust in the words of falsehood, saying: the temple of Yahveh, the temple of Yahveh, the temple of Yahveh they are. [§]
Al tivt'chu lakhem el dibrei ha-sheqer le'emor heikal Yahveh heikal Yahveh heikal Yahveh hemmah.
'Al' means 'do not', 'tivt'chu' means 'you (plural) trust', 'lakhem' means 'for you', 'el' means 'in' or 'to', 'dibrei' means 'the words of', 'ha-sheqer' means 'the falsehood', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'heikal' means 'temple', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, repeated three times, and 'hemmah' means 'they'.
[JER.7.5] For if you will be good, you will do good to your ways and your deeds; if they do, you will render judgment between a man and his neighbor. [§]
Ki im heitev teitivu et darkheichem ve-et ma'alleichem im asu ta'asu mishpat bein ish u-vein re'ehu.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'im' means 'if', 'heitev' means 'you will be good' (third person masculine singular future), 'teitivu' means 'you (plural) will do good' (second person masculine plural future), 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'darkheichem' means 'your ways', 've-et' means 'and' plus the object marker, 'ma'alleichem' means 'your deeds' or 'your works', 'im' again means 'if', 'asu' means 'they do' or 'they will do' (third person masculine plural future), 'ta'asu' means 'you will do' (second person masculine plural future), 'mishpat' means 'judgment' or 'justice', 'bein' means 'between', 'ish' means 'a man', 'u‑bein' means 'and between', 're'ehu' means 'his neighbor' or 'his companion'.
[JER.7.6] Foreigner, orphan and widow you shall not oppress; and pure blood you shall not spill in this place; and after the other Gods you shall not walk to evil for yourselves. [§]
Ger yatom ve'almanah lo taashoku ve dam neki al-tishpeku bamakom hazeh ve acharei elohim acherim lo telku lera lahem.
'Ger' means 'foreigner' or 'stranger', 'yatom' means 'orphan', 've'almanah' means 'and widow', 'lo' means 'not', 'taashoku' means 'you shall oppress', 've' means 'and', 'dam' means 'blood', 'neki' means 'pure', 'al-tishpeku' means 'you shall not spill', 'bamacom' means 'in the place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 've' means 'and', 'acharei' means 'after' or 'besides', 'elohim' means 'the Gods', 'acherim' means 'other', 'lo' means 'not', 'telku' means 'you shall walk', 'lera' means 'to evil', 'lahem' means 'for yourselves'.
[JER.7.7] And I will settle you in this place in the land that I gave to your forefathers from eternity and forever. [§]
Ve-shikkanti etchem ba-makom ha-zeh ba-aretz asher natati la-avoteichem min olam ve-ad olam.
'Ve' means 'And', 'shikkanti' means 'I will cause to dwell' or 'I will settle', 'etchem' means 'you (plural object)', 'ba-makom' means 'in the place', 'ha-zeh' means 'this', 'ba-aretz' means 'in the land', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'natati' means 'I gave', 'la-avoteichem' means 'to your ancestors/forefathers', 'min' means 'from', 'olam' means 'eternity/forever', 've-ad' means 'and to/until', 'olam' again means 'eternity/forever'.
[JER.7.8] Behold, you trust in yourselves concerning the words of falsehood without being misled. [§]
Hineh atem botchim lachem al divrei hashaker levilti hoil.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'atem' means 'you' (plural masculine), 'botchim' means 'are trusting' or 'confident', 'lachem' means 'for yourselves' or 'in yourselves', 'al' means 'concerning' or 'about', 'divrei' means 'the words of', 'hashaker' means 'falsehood' or 'lying', 'levilti' means 'without', 'hoil' means 'being misled' or 'being deceived'.
[JER.7.9] A thief, a murderer, and a rapist, and one who is satisfied with falsehood, and one who offers sacrifice to Baal, and walks after the other Gods that you do not know. [§]
haganob ratzach ve-naof ve-hishavea la-sheker ve-katter la-baal ve-haloch acharei elohim acherim asher lo yedatem.
'haganob' means 'a thief', 'ratzach' means 'a murderer', 've-naof' means 'and a rapist', 've-hishavea' means 'and a one who is satisfied', 'la-sheker' means 'with falsehood', 've-katter' means 'and a one who offers sacrifice', 'la-baal' means 'to Baal', 've-haloch' means 'and walks', 'acharei' means 'after', 'elohim' means 'the Gods', 'acherim' means 'other', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo' means 'not', 'yedatem' means 'you know'.
[JER.7.10] And you came and stood before me in this house which is called my name upon it, and you said we have been saved in order to do all these abominations. [§]
uvatem va'amadtem lefanai babbeit haze asher nikra shemi alav va'amartem nitzalnu lema'an asot et kol hatoevot ha'ele.
'uvatem' means 'and you came', 'va'amadtem' means 'and you stood', 'lefanai' means 'before me', 'babbeit' means 'in the house', 'haze' means 'this', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'nikra' means 'is called', 'shemi' means 'my name', 'alav' means 'upon it', 'va'amartem' means 'and you said', 'nitzalnu' means 'we have been saved', 'lema'an' means 'in order that', 'asot' means 'to do', 'et' is a direct object marker (no translation), 'kol' means 'all', 'hatoevot' means 'the abominations', 'ha'ele' means 'these'.
[JER.7.11] The cave of Paratzim was this house which was called My name upon it in your eyes; also I, behold, have seen, says Yahveh. [§]
Ha mearat Paratzim haya ha bayit ha ze asher nikra shemi alav be eineichem gam anochi hineh ra'iti neum Yahveh.
'Ha' means 'the', 'mearat' means 'cave', 'Paratzim' is a proper name, 'haya' means 'was', 'ha bayit' means 'the house', 'ha ze' means 'this', 'asher' means 'which', 'nikra' means 'was called', 'shemi' means 'my name', 'alav' means 'upon it', 'be eineichem' means 'in your eyes', 'gam' means 'also', 'anochi' means 'I', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'ra'iti' means 'I have seen', 'neum Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh'.
[JER.7.12] Because go, please, to my place that is in Shiloh which I dwelt, my name there in the beginning, and see what I have done for him because of the evil of my people Israel. [§]
ki lechu na el mekomi asher bishilo asher shikanti shemi sham barishona ureu et asher-asiti lo mipnei ra'at ammi Yisrael.
'ki' means 'because', 'lechu' means 'go', 'na' is a polite particle meaning 'please', 'el' means 'to', 'mekomi' means 'my place', 'asher' means 'that which', 'bishilo' means 'in Shiloh', 'shikanti' means 'I dwelt', 'shem i' means 'my name', 'sham' means 'there', 'barishona' means 'in the beginning', 'ureu' means 'see', 'et' is a direct-object marker, 'asher-asiti' means 'that which I have done', 'lo' means 'for him', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'ra'at' means 'evil', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[JER.7.13] And now because of your deeds, all these works, says Yahveh, I spoke to you early and you did not listen; I called you, but you did not answer. [§]
Ve'atah ya'an asotchem et kol ha-ma'asim ha'eleh ne'um YHVH va'adaber aleichem ha'shkem ve'daber ve'lo shema'tem va'ekra etchem ve'lo anitem.
'Ve'atah' means 'and now', 'ya'an' means 'because', 'asotchem' means 'your deeds', 'et' is a particle introducing the object, 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-ma'asim' means 'the works', 'ha'eleh' means 'these', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'YHVH' is the divine name translated as 'Yahveh', 'va'adaber' means 'and I spoke', 'aleichem' means 'to you', 'ha'shkem' means 'early/morning', 've'daber' means 'and I called', 've'lo' means 'but not', 'shema'tem' means 'you listened', 'va'ekra' means 'and I called', 'etchem' means 'you', 've'lo' means 'but not', 'anitem' means 'you answered'.
[JER.7.14] And I will make for the house that is called by My name, upon which you trust, and for the place that I gave to you and to your ancestors, as I made for Shilo. [§]
ve'asiti la-bayit asher nikra-shemi alav asher atem botchim bo ve'lamakom asher-natati lachem ve'la'avoteichem ka'asher asiti le'shilo.
've'asiti' means 'and I will do/make', 'la-bayit' means 'to the house', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'nikra-shemi' means 'is called my name', 'alav' means 'upon it', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'botchim' means 'trust', 'bo' means 'in it', 've'lamakom' means 'and to the place', 'asher-natati' means 'that I gave', 'lachem' means 'to you', 've'la'avoteichem' means 'and to your ancestors', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'asiti' means 'I did/made', 'le'shilo' means 'for Shilo (a place)'.
[JER.7.15] And I will cast you away from my face, as I cast all your brothers, all the seed of Ephraim. [§]
ve-hishlakti etchem me'al pani ka'asher hishlakti et kol acheichem et kol zera efrayim.
've-hishlakti' means 'and I will cast', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'me'al' means 'away from', 'pani' means 'my face', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'hishlakti' means 'I cast', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'acheichem' means 'your brothers', another 'et' marker, 'kol' again 'all', 'zera' means 'seed' or 'offspring', 'efrayim' means 'Ephraim'.
[JER.7.16] And you do not pray on behalf of this people, and do not lift up on their behalf a shout and a prayer, and do not strike me, for I am not hearing you. [§]
veatah al-titpallel bead haam hazeh veal tisa baadam rinnah utefilah veal tipga bi ki eyneni shomea otach.
'veatah' means 'and you', 'al-titpallel' means 'do not pray', 'bead' means 'on behalf of', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'veal' means 'and do not', 'tisa' means 'lift up', 'baadam' means 'on their behalf', 'rinnah' means 'shout' or 'joyful cry', 'utefilah' means 'and prayer', 've al' means 'and do not', 'tipga' means 'strike' or 'afflict', 'bi' means 'me', 'ki' means 'for', 'eyneni' means 'I am not', 'shomea' means 'hearing', 'otach' means 'you' (feminine object).
[JER.7.17] Do you not see what they are doing in the cities of Judah and in the outskirts of Jerusalem? [§]
haEincha roeh ma hemmah osim bearei Yehudah uvechetzot Yerushalem.
'haEincha' means 'are you not' (ha = emphatic prefix, Ein = not, cha = you), 'roeh' means 'seeing' (verb see), 'ma' means 'what', 'hemmah' means 'they', 'osim' means 'doing' (present participle of do), 'bearei' means 'in the cities' (be = in, arei = cities of), 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'uvechetzot' means 'and in the outskirts' (u = and, vechetzot = outskirts), 'Yerushalem' means 'Jerusalem'.
[JER.7.18] The sons gather wood and the fathers pour the fire, and the women cast molds to make kavanim for the kingdom of the heavens, and the pouring sets up other Gods in order to anger me. [§]
habanim melakktim etzim vehaavot meba'arim et haesh vehanashim lashot batzek laasot kavanim limelachet hashshamayim vehassek nesakhim leElohim acherim lema'an hak'aseniy
'habanim' means 'the sons', 'melakktim' means 'gather' (literally 'collect'), 'etzim' means 'sticks' or 'wood', 'vehaavot' means 'and the fathers', 'meba'arim' means 'pour', 'et haesh' means 'the fire' (with the direct object marker 'et'), 'vehanashim' means 'and the women', 'lashot' means 'to cast', 'batzek' means 'molds', 'laasot' means 'to make', 'kavanim' is a ritual object (kephanim) kept as is, 'limelachet' means 'for the kingdom', 'hashshamayim' means 'the heavens', 'vehassek' means 'and the pouring', 'nesakhim' means 'set up' or 'establish', 'leElohim acherim' means 'to other Gods' (Elohim translated as "the Gods"), 'lema'an' means 'in order that' or 'for the purpose of', 'hak'aseniy' means 'to anger me' or 'to make me angry'. The verse is rendered literally, preserving the order and the specific translation of divine names as instructed.
[JER.7.19] These signs they provoke, says Yahveh, are they not for the purpose of the shame of their faces. [§]
Ha'oti hem makhasis ne'um Yahveh halo otam lema'an boshet peneihem.
'Ha'oti' means 'these signs', 'hem' means 'they', 'makhasis' means 'are provoking' or 'are inciting', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'halo' means 'is not' or 'are not', 'otam' means 'them', 'lema'an' means 'for the purpose of' or 'in order that', 'boshet' means 'shame', 'peneihem' means 'their faces'.
[JER.7.20] Therefore thus says my Lord Yahveh, Behold, my anger and my wrath are set on this place against the man and against the beast and against the field tree and against the fruit of the ground, and it will burn and will not be quenched. [§]
Lachen koh amar Adonai Yahveh hineh afi vachamati nittechet el hamakom hazeh al haadam ve'al habhemah ve'al etz hasade ve'al peri haadamah uvarah velo tikbeh.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' means 'Yahveh', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'afi' means 'my anger', 'vachamati' means 'and my wrath', 'nittechet' means 'is fixed' or 'is set', 'el' means 'on', 'hamakom' means 'this place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'al' means 'against', 'haadam' means 'the man', 've'al' means 'and against', 'habhemah' means 'the beast', 've'al' again 'and against', 'etz' means 'tree', 'hasade' means 'of the field', 've'al' again 'and against', 'peri' means 'the fruit', 'haadamah' means 'of the ground', 'ubarah' means 'it will burn', 'velo' means 'and not', 'tikbeh' means 'be quenched'.
[JER.7.21] Thus says Yahveh of hosts the Gods of Israel, consider your burnt offerings as part of your sacrifices and eat flesh. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael oloteichem s'fu al zibcheichem ve'ichlu basar.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'of hosts', 'Elohei' is the construct form of Elohim meaning 'the Gods of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'oloteichem' means 'your burnt offerings', 's'fu' means 'count' or 'consider', 'al' means 'upon' or 'as part of', 'zibcheichem' means 'your sacrifices', 've'ichlu' means 'and eat', 'basar' means 'flesh'. The idiom 'count your burnt offerings upon your sacrifices' is rendered non‑literally as 'consider your burnt offerings as part of your sacrifices'.
[JER.7.22] Because I did not speak to your fathers nor command them on the day I brought them out of the land of Egypt concerning the words of a burnt offering and sacrifice. [§]
Ki lo dibarti et avoteichem ve lo tziviti b'yom hotziam me'eretz Mitzrayim al divrei ola ve zabach.
'Ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'avoteichem' means 'your fathers', 've' means 'and', 'lo' again means 'not', 'tziviti' means 'I commanded', 'b'yom' means 'on the day', 'hotziam' means 'I brought them out', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'al' means 'concerning' or 'about', 'divrei' means 'the words of', 'ola' means 'a burnt offering', 've' means 'and', 'zabach' means 'a sacrifice' or 'slaughter'.
[JER.7.23] For if I commanded this thing, I said to them, 'Listen to my voice, and I will be for you the Gods, and you shall be to me the people, and you shall walk in all the way that I command you, in order that it may be well for you.' [§]
Ki im et ha-davar ha-zeh tzivit'i otam le'emor shimu be'koli vehayiti lachem leElohim ve'atem tiheyu li le'am vahalakhtem bechol ha-derekh asher atsav-eh etkhem lema'an yiitav lakhem.
'Ki' means 'for', 'im' means 'if', 'et' is a particle marking the object, 'ha-davar' means 'the thing', 'ha-zeh' means 'this', 'tzivit'i' means 'I commanded', 'otam' means 'them', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'shimu' means 'listen', 'be'koli' means 'to my voice', 'vehayiti' means 'and I will be', 'lachem' means 'for you', 'leElohim' means 'the Gods' (Elohim translated literally as "the Gods"), 've'atem' means 'and you', 'tiheyu' means 'will be', 'li' means 'to me', 'le'am' means 'the people', 'vahalakhtem' means 'and you will walk', 'bechol' means 'in all', 'ha-derekh' means 'the way', 'asher' means 'that', 'atsav-eh' means 'I will command', 'etkhem' means 'you', 'lema'an' means 'in order that', 'yiitav' means 'it may be well', 'lakhem' means 'for you'.
[JER.7.24] And they did not listen, nor did they turn their ears, and they walked in counsel of wickedness, the evil of their hearts, and they became backward and not forward. [§]
ve'lo shamu ve'lo hitu et-azenam vayelchu bemoatot bishirut levam hara vayihyu leachor ve'lo lefanim.
've'lo' means 'and not', 'shamu' means 'they heard' or 'they listened', the second 've'lo' again means 'and not', 'hitu' means 'they inclined' (literally 'they turned'), 'et' is a direct‑object marker with no English equivalent, 'azenam' means 'their ears', 'vayelchu' means 'and they walked', 'bemoatot' means 'in counsel' or 'in plans', 'bishirut' means 'in wickedness', 'levam' means 'their heart', 'hara' means 'evil' or 'wicked', 'vayihyu' means 'and they became', 'leachor' means 'behind' or 'backward', the final 've'lo' means 'and not', and 'lefanim' means 'forward' or 'before'.
[JER.7.25] From the day that your ancestors went out from the land of Egypt until this day I will send to you all my servants the prophets on the early‑rising day and send. [§]
Lemin hayom asher yatzeu avoteichem me'eretz Mitzrayim ad hayom hazeh va'eshlach eleichem et kol avadai ha-neviim yom ha-shkem ve-shalach.
'Lemin' means 'from', 'hayom' means 'the day', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'yatzeu' means 'went out', 'avoteichem' means 'your ancestors', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'ad' means 'to/until', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'va'eshlach' means 'and I will send', 'eleichem' means 'to you', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'avadai' means 'my servants', 'ha-neviim' means 'the prophets', 'yom' means 'the day', 'ha-shkem' means 'of early rising', 've-shalach' means 'and send'.
[JER.7.26] And they did not hear me, and they did not turn their ears; they hardened their fury, they acted more wickedly than their fathers. [§]
Ve'lo shamu elai ve'lo hitu et-oznam vayakshu et-arfam hereu me'avotam.
'Ve'lo' means 'and not', 'shamu' means 'they heard', 'elai' means 'me', 've'lo' (second) means 'and not', 'hitu' means 'they turned', 'et-oznam' means 'their ears', 'vayakshu' means 'they hardened', 'et-arfam' means 'their fury', 'hereu' means 'they acted wickedly', 'me'avotam' means 'against their fathers' or 'more than their fathers'.
[JER.7.27] And you shall speak to them all these words, and they will not hear you; and you shall call to them, and they will not answer. [§]
ve-dibbarta aleihem et-kol-hadvarim haelle ve-lo yishmeu eilecha ve-karata aleihem ve-lo ya'anukha.
've' means 'and', 'dibbarta' means 'you will speak', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'haelle' means 'these', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yishmeu' means 'they will hear', 'eilecha' means 'to you', another 've' means 'and', 'karata' means 'you will call', again 'aleihem' means 'to them', another 've-lo' means 'and not', 'ya'anukha' means 'they will answer you' (here understood as 'they will not answer').
[JER.7.28] And you shall say to them, This people have not listened to the voice of Yahveh his God, and they have not taken instruction; the faith is lost and it has been cut off from their mouth. [§]
veamarta aleihem zeh hagoy asher lo shamu bekol YHWH Elohav velo lachu musar avda haemunah venichretah mippihhem.
'veamarta' means 'and you shall say', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'zeh' means 'this', 'hagoy' means 'the people', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'lo shamu' means 'did not listen', 'bekol' means 'to the voice', 'YHWH' means 'Yahveh', 'Elohav' means 'His God', 'velo' means 'and not', 'lachu' means 'they took', 'musar' means 'instruction', 'avda' means 'is lost', 'haemunah' means 'the faith', 'venichretah' means 'and it was cut off', 'mippihhem' means 'from their mouth'.
[JER.7.29] Cut off your necklace and cast it, and bear upon your shoulders a lament, for Yahveh has despised and has abandoned the generation of his servants. [§]
gazzi nizrekh vehashlichi ussai al-shefayim kinah ki ma'as Yahveh vayyitosh et-dor everato.
'gazzi' means 'cut', 'nizrekh' means 'your necklace', 'vehashlichi' means 'and cast it', 'ussai' means 'and bear', 'al-shefayim' means 'upon the shoulders', 'kinah' means 'lamentation', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'ma'as' means 'detested' or 'despised', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, the divine name, 'vayyitosh' means 'and has abandoned', 'et-dor' means 'the generation', 'everato' means 'of his servants'.
[JER.7.30] Because they have done evil in my sight, says Yahveh, they have placed their detestable things in the house that is called my name, to defile it. [§]
ki asu b'nei Yehudah hara be'enai ne'um Yahveh samu shikkuteshem babayit asher nikra shemi alav le-tammo.
'ki' means 'because', 'asu' means 'they have done' or 'they have made', 'b'nei Yehudah' means 'the sons of Judah', 'hara' means 'the evil', 'be'enai' means 'in my eyes', 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh' (Yahveh being the literal translation of YHVH), 'samu' means 'they have placed', 'shikkuteshem' means 'their detestable things' or 'their abominations', 'babayit' means 'in the house', 'asher' means 'that which', 'nikra' means 'is called', 'shemí' means 'my name', 'alav' means 'upon it', 'le-tammo' means 'to defile it'.
[JER.7.31] And they built the altars of the top which are in the valley of Ben-hinnom to burn their sons and their daughters with fire, which I did not command and I did not go up upon my heart. [§]
Uvanū bamot hatofet asher begei ben-hinnom lishrof et-bneihem ve'et-b'nothem ba'esh asher lo tziviti velo alta al-libi.
'Uvanū' means 'and they built', 'bamot' means 'altars', 'hatofet' means 'of the top', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'begei' means 'in the valley', 'ben-hinnom' is a place name 'Ben-hinnom', 'lishrof' means 'to burn', 'et-bneihem' means 'their sons', 've'et-b'nothem' means 'and their daughters', 'ba'esh' means 'with fire', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'lo' means 'not', 'tziviti' means 'I commanded', 'velo' means 'and not', 'alta' means 'I went up', 'al-libi' means 'upon my heart'.
[JER.7.32] Therefore, behold, days are coming, says Yahveh, and it shall no longer be said, the pit and the valley of Hinnom, because if it is the valley of slaughter, they shall bury in a pit where there is no place. [§]
Lachen hineh yamim baim ne'um Yahveh ve'lo ye'amer od hatofet ve'gei ben hinom ki im gei ha-harega ve'kavru be-tof me'ein makom
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'yamim' means 'days', 'baim' means 'coming', 'ne'um' means 'says' (an utterance), 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 've'lo' means 'and not', 'ye'amer' means 'shall be said', 'od' means 'any more', 'hatofet' means 'the pit', 've'gei' means 'and the valley', 'ben' means 'son of' (used here as part of the place name), 'hinom' means 'Hinnom', 'ki' means 'because', 'im' means 'if', 'gei ha-harega' means 'the valley of slaughter', 've'kavru' means 'and they shall bury', 'be-tof' means 'in a pit', 'me'ein' means 'from no', 'makom' means 'place'.
[JER.7.33] And the corpse of this people shall become food for the birds of the heavens and for the beasts of the earth, and there shall be none to restrain them. [§]
vehayta nivlat haam hazeh lemachal leof hashamayim ulevhemet haaretz veein macharid
'vehayta' means 'and shall be', 'nivlat' means 'the corpse' or 'the dead body', 'haam' means 'of the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'lemachal' means 'as food for', 'leof' means 'for the bird', 'hashamayim' means 'the heavens', 'ulevhemet' means 'and for the beasts', 'haaretz' means 'of the earth', 'veein' means 'and there is no', 'macharid' means 'one who restrains or stops'.
[JER.7.34] And I will cease from the cities of Judah and from the parts of Jerusalem: a voice of joy, and a voice of gladness, a voice of a bridegroom and a voice of a bride, because the land shall become a battlefield. [§]
vehishbatti me'arei Yehudah u-mechutsot Yerushalayim kol sason ve-kol simcha kol chatan ve-kol kallah ki lecharvah tiheye haaretz.
'vehishbatti' means 'and I will cease', 'me'arei' means 'from the cities of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'u-mechutsot' means 'and from the parts of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'kol' means 'voice', 'sason' means 'joy', 've-kol' means 'and voice', 'simcha' means 'gladness', 'kol' again means 'voice', 'chatan' means 'bridegroom', 've-kol' again means 'and voice', 'kallah' means 'bride', 'ki' means 'because', 'lecharvah' means 'for the sword' or 'as a battlefield', 'tiheye' means 'shall become', 'haaretz' means 'the land'.
JER.8
[JER.8.1] At that time says Yahveh and they will bring out the bones of the kings of Judah and the bones of his princes and the bones of the priests and the bones of the prophets and the bones of those who sit in Jerusalem from their graves. [§]
ba'et ha'hi ne'um Yahveh vayetziau et ats'mot malchei Yehudah ve et ats'mot sarav ve et ats'mot hakohanim ve et ats'mot hanvi'im ve et ats'mot yoshvei Yerushalam mikivrehem.
'ba'et' means 'at the time', 'ha'hi' means 'that', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'vayetziau' means 'and they will bring out', 'et' is the direct object marker (not translated), 'ats'mot' means 'bones', 'malchei' means 'kings of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'sarav' means 'his princes', 'hakohanim' means 'the priests', 'hanvi'im' means 'the prophets', 'yoshvei' means 'those who sit in', 'Yerushalam' means 'Jerusalem', 'mikivrehem' means 'from their graves'.
[JER.8.2] And they shall spread them to the sun and to the moon and to all the host of heaven which they loved and which they served and which went after them and which they sought and which they bowed down to; they shall not be gathered nor buried, but will be as a heap on the face of the earth. [§]
U'shetachum lashmesh v'layare'ach u'lechol tzeva ha-shamayim asher ahev'um v'asher avad'um v'asher halchu achareihem v'asher drash'um v'asher hishtachavu lahem lo ye'asu v'lo yikaveru le'domen al-penei ha-adamah yihyu.
'U'shetachum' means 'and they shall spread', 'lashmesh' means 'to the sun', 'v'layare'ach' means 'and to the moon', 'u'lechol' means 'and to all', 'tzeva' means 'host' or 'army', 'ha-shamayim' means 'of heaven', 'asher' means 'which', 'ahev'um' means 'they loved', 'v'asher' means 'and which', 'avad'um' means 'they served', 'v'asher' again 'and which', 'halchu' means 'they went', 'achareihem' means 'after them', 'v'asher' again 'and which', 'drash'um' means 'they sought', 'v'asher' again 'and which', 'hishtachavu' means 'they bowed down', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'lo' means 'not', 'ye'asu' means 'they shall be gathered', 'v'lo' means 'and not', 'yikaveru' means 'they shall be buried', 'le'domen' means 'as a heap' or 'for a mound', 'al-penei' means 'on the face of', 'ha-adamah' means 'the earth', 'yihyu' means 'they will be'.
[JER.8.3] And death will be chosen from life for all the remnant that remain from the evil family this, in all the places that remain that you have driven there declares Yahveh of hosts. [§]
ve nivchar mot me chayim lechol ha sheerit ha nisharim min ha mishpacha ha raah ha zot bechol ha mekomot ha nisharim asher hidachtim sham ne um Yahveh Tzevaot.
've' means 'and', 'nivchar' means 'will be chosen', 'mot' means 'death', 'me' means 'from', 'chayim' means 'life', 'lechol' means 'to all', 'ha' means 'the', 'sheerit' means 'remnant', 'ha nisharim' means 'the remaining', 'min' means 'from', 'ha mishpacha' means 'the family', 'ha raah' means 'the evil', 'ha zot' means 'this', 'bechol' means 'in all', 'ha mekomot' means 'the places', 'ha nisharim' again 'the remaining', 'asher' means 'that', 'hidachtim' means 'you have driven', 'sham' means 'there', 'ne um' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, and 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' referring to heavenly armies.
[JER.8.4] And you shall say to them, Thus says Yahveh: Will they fall and not rise? If they return and not return. [§]
ve'amarta aleihem koh amar Yahveh hayiplu ve'lo yakumu im yashuv ve'lo yashuv.
've'amarta' means 'and you shall say', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hayiplu' means 'will they fall', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'yakumu' means 'they rise', 'im' means 'if', 'yashuv' means 'they return', the second 've'lo' means 'and not', the final 'yashuv' repeats 'they return'.
[JER.8.5] Why does this people cause Jerusalem to be restored as a triumph they seized from us to return. [§]
madua shovevah haam hazeh yerushalam meshubah nitsachat hecheziku batarmit me'anu lashuv.
'madua' means 'why', 'shovevah' is a Hiphil verb meaning 'does cause' or 'makes', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'yerushalam' means 'Jerusalem', 'meshubah' means 'to be returned' or 'to be restored', 'nitsachat' (noun) means 'a triumph' or 'victory', 'hecheziku' means 'they seized' or 'they held firmly', 'batarmit' is a proper noun (likely a place or group) meaning 'in/with the Tarmit', 'me'anu' means 'from us', and 'lashuv' means 'to return' or 'to go back'.
[JER.8.6] I listened and I heard, but not so; they speak, there is no man who repents for his evil, to say, 'What have I done? all [of it] I return in their chariots like a horse that gallops in battle.' [§]
hiqshavti va'eshma lo-ken yedabru ein ish nicham al ra'ato le'emor ma asiti kulo shav bimirutzotam ke'sus shoteph ba-milchamah.
'hiqshavti' means 'I listened', 'va'eshma' means 'and I heard', 'lo-ken' means 'not so' or 'but rather', 'yedabru' means 'they speak', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'ish' means 'a man', 'nicham' means 'who repents' or 'who shows mercy', 'al' means 'for' or 'upon', 'ra'ato' means 'his evil' or 'his wrongdoing', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'ma' means 'what', 'asiti' means 'I have done', 'kulo' means 'all', 'shav' means 'again' or 'return', 'bimirutzotam' means 'in their chariots', 'ke'sus' means 'like a horse', 'shoteph' means 'that gallops', 'ba-milchamah' means 'in battle'.
[JER.8.7] Even the devout in heaven knew its appointed times, and tor, sis, and agur kept the time of its arrival, and my people did not know the judgment of Yahveh. [§]
Gam chasida ba shamayim yada mo'adeyha ve tor ve sis ve agur shamru et et bo'ana ve ami lo yadu et mishpat Yahveh.
'Gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'chasida' means 'the devout' or 'pious one', 'ba' means 'in', 'shamayim' means 'heaven', 'yada' means 'knew', 'mo'adeyha' means 'its appointed times', 've' means 'and', 'tor' is a proper name or term left untranslated, 'sis' likewise a term left untranslated, 'agur' likewise a term left untranslated, 'shamru' means 'kept' or 'guarded', 'et' is the accusative particle, the second 'et' functions as 'the time', 'bo'ana' means 'of its coming' or 'arrival', 've' means 'and', 'ami' means 'my people', 'lo' means 'not', 'yadu' means 'knew', 'et' again the accusative particle, 'mishpat' means 'judgment' or 'law', and 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.8.8] How will you say, 'We are wise, and the teaching of Yahveh is with us'? Indeed, behold, for falsehood makes a false pen for scribes. [§]
Eichah tomru chachamim anachnu ve-torat Yahveh ittanu achen hinneh la-sheqer asah et sheqer sof'rim.
'Eichah' means 'how', 'tomru' means 'you will say', 'chachamim' means 'wise', 'anachnu' means 'we', 've-torat' means 'and the teaching', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH as 'Yahveh', 'ittanu' means 'with us', 'achen' means 'indeed', 'hinneh' means 'behold', 'la-sheqer' means 'for falsehood', 'asah' means 'makes', 'et' means 'pen', 'sheqer' means 'false', 'sof'rim' means 'scribes'.
[JER.8.9] The wise are put to shame, the strong are caught; behold, they have transgressed the word of Yahveh, and what wisdom is theirs. [§]
Hobishu chakhamim chatu vayillakedu hineh bidvar-Yahveh maasu vechokhmat-meh lahem.
'Hobishu' means 'they put to shame', 'chakhamim' means 'the wise', 'chatu' means 'the strong', 'vayillakedu' means 'they were caught', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'bidvar-Yahveh' means 'in the word of Yahveh', 'maasu' means 'they have transgressed', 'vechokhmat-meh' means 'and what wisdom', 'lahem' means 'is theirs'.
[JER.8.10] Therefore I will give their wives to others, their fields to heirs, because from the small to the great all practice deceit, from prophet to priest all do falsehood. [§]
Lachen etten et-neshehem laacherim s'dotehem leyor'shim ki mikaton ve'ad-gadol kulo botsa'a batza minavi ve'ad-kohen kulo oseh shakar.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'etten' means 'I will give', 'et-neshehem' means 'their wives', 'laacherim' means 'to others', 's'dotehem' means 'their fields', 'leyor'shim' means 'to heirs', 'ki' means 'because', 'mikaton' means 'from small', 've'ad-gadol' means 'and up to great', 'kulo' means 'all', 'botsa'a' means 'practicing deceit', 'batza' means 'deceit', 'minavi' means 'from prophet', 've'ad-kohen' means 'and up to priest', 'kulo' means 'all', 'oseh' means 'do', 'shakar' means 'falsehood'.
[JER.8.11] And they loosened the broken daughter of my people upon a trifle, saying, "Peace, peace, and there is no peace." [§]
vayrapu et shever bat ami al nekkala leemor shalom shalom ve ein shalom.
'vayrapu' means 'and they loosened' or 'they let go', 'et' is the object marker (no English equivalent), 'shever' means 'brokenness' or 'damage', 'bat' means 'daughter', 'ami' means 'my people', 'al' means 'upon' or 'against', 'nekkala' means 'a trifle' or 'something petty', 'leemor' means 'to say', 'shalom' means 'peace', the second 'shalom' repeats the word, 've' means 'and', 'ein' means 'there is not' or 'no', the final 'shalom' again means 'peace'.
[JER.8.12] Be ashamed, because they have done an abomination; also shame they will not feel, and they will be ended, they do not know; therefore they will fall among the fallen at the time of their punishment, they will be humbled, says Yahveh. [§]
Hovshu ki toevah asu gam-bosh lo-yevoshu ve'hikolem lo yadau lachen yipp'lu banoflim be'et pekudatam yikkashlu amar Yahveh.
'Hovshu' means 'be ashamed', 'ki' means 'because', 'toevah' means 'abomination', 'asu' means 'they have done', 'gam-bosh' means 'also shame', 'lo-yevoshu' means 'they will not be ashamed', 've'hikolem' means 'and they will be ended', 'lo yadau' means 'they do not know', 'lachen' means 'therefore', 'yipp'lu' means 'they will fall', 'banoflim' means 'among the fallen', 'be'et' means 'at the time of', 'pekudatam' means 'their punishment', 'yikkashlu' means 'they will be humbled', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.8.13] I will gather them, says Yahveh, there are no grapes in the vine and no figs in the fig tree, and the oak is worthless, and I will give them to pass over. [§]
Asoph asifeim ne'um-yehavah ein anavim bagafen ve'ein te'enim batteinah vehe'aleh navel va'eten lahem ya'avrum.
'Asoph' means 'I will gather', 'asifeim' means 'them', 'ne'um-yehavah' means 'says Yahveh', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'anavim' means 'grapes', 'bagafen' means 'in the vine', 've'ein' means 'and there is not', 'te'enim' means 'figs', 'batteinah' means 'in the fig tree', 'vehe'aleh' means 'and the oak/tall tree', 'navel' means 'worthless or useless', 'va'eten' means 'and I will give', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'ya'avrum' means 'they shall pass over'.
[JER.8.14] On what are we sitting gathered, and shall we go to the cities of the fortress and we will die there, because Yahveh the Gods has caused us to die and gave us water from the head, because we have sinned against Yahveh. [§]
al-ma anachnu yoshvim he'esfu venavo el-arei hamivtzar veniddmah-sham ki yahveh eloheinu hadimanu vayashquenu mei-rosh ki chatanu layahveh.
'al-ma' means 'on what', 'anachnu' means 'we', 'yoshvim' means 'are sitting', 'he'esfu' means 'gathered', 'venavo' means 'let us come', 'el-arei' means 'to the cities', 'hamivtzar' means 'the fortress', 'veniddmah-sham' means 'and we will die there', 'ki' means 'because', 'yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'eloheinu' means 'our the Gods' (Elohim = the Gods), 'hadimanu' means 'has caused us to die', 'vayashquenu' means 'and gave us water', 'mei-rosh' means 'water of the head', 'chatanu' means 'we have sinned', 'layahveh' means 'against Yahveh'.
[JER.8.15] Hope for peace, and there is no good for a time of healing, and behold in a time. [§]
Kaveh le shalom ve eyen tov le et marpeh ve hineh be'ata.
'Kaveh' means 'hope' or 'wait', 'le' is the preposition 'for', 'shalom' means 'peace', 've' means 'and', 'eyen' means 'there is not', 'tov' means 'good', 'le' again 'for', 'et' means 'a time', 'marpeh' means 'healing' or 'cure', 've' again 'and', 'hineh' means 'behold' or 'look', 'be' is the preposition 'in', 'ata' means 'a time' or 'season'.
[JER.8.16] From Dan is heard the clatter of his horses, the sound of the swords of his heroes; the whole earth shook, and they came and devoured the land and its fullness, the city and its inhabitants. [§]
midan nishma nachrat susav mikol mitzhalot avirav raashah kol haaretz vayavou vayochlu eretz u-meloah ir viyoshvei bah.
'midan' means 'from Dan', 'nishma' means 'is heard', 'nachrat' means 'the clatter', 'susav' means 'of his horses', 'mikol' means 'from the sound of', 'mitzhalot' means 'the swords', 'avirav' means 'of his heroes', 'raashah' means 'shook', 'kol haaretz' means 'the whole earth', 'vayavou' means 'and they came', 'vayochlu' means 'and they devoured', 'eretz' means 'the land', 'u-meloah' means 'and its fullness', 'ir' means 'the city', 'viyoshvei bah' means 'and its inhabitants'.
[JER.8.17] For, behold, I am sending among you snakes without venom, which have no sting, and they will bite you, says Yahveh. [§]
Ki hineni meshale'ach bachem nechashim tzifonim asher ein lahem la'achash venish'chu etchem ne'um Yahveh.
'Ki' means 'for', 'hineni' means 'behold I am', 'meshale'ach' means 'sending', 'bachem' means 'among you', 'nechashim' means 'snakes', 'tzifonim' means 'without venom', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'la'achash' means 'sting', 've' means 'and', 'nish'chu' means 'will bite', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the proper rendering of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.8.18] I am overwhelmed with sorrow; upon me my heart is heavy. [§]
Mavligiti alei yagon alai libbi davvai.
'Mavligiti' means 'I am overwhelmed' or 'I have become heavy', 'al ei' means 'upon' or 'over', 'yagon' means 'sorrow' or 'grief', 'alai' means 'upon me', 'libbi' means 'my heart', and 'davvai' means 'is heavy' or 'is burdened'.
[JER.8.19] Behold the voice of the cry of the daughter of my people from a distant land; the Yahveh is not in Zion, if her king is not in her, why have they provoked me in their idols in the emptiness of the foreign. [§]
Hineh qol shavat bat-ami me'eretz marhakkim haYahveh ein beTzion im malkah ein bah madua hik'asuni bif'silehem behablei nechar.
'Hineh' means 'behold', 'qol' means 'voice', 'shavat' means 'cry' or 'distress', 'bat-ami' means 'daughter of my people', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'marhakkim' means 'distant places', 'haYahveh' means 'the Yahveh', 'ein' means 'is not', 'beTzion' means 'in Zion', 'im' means 'if', 'malkah' means 'her king', 'ein' again means 'is not', 'bah' means 'in her', 'madua' means 'why', 'hik'asuni' means 'they have provoked me' or 'they have angered me', 'bif'silehem' means 'in their idols', 'behablei' means 'in the emptiness of' or 'in the worthless', 'nechar' means 'foreigner' or 'foreign'.
[JER.8.20] The harvest has passed, the summer is finished, and we have not been saved. [§]
Avar katsir kala kayitz va'anachnu lo noshaenu.
'Avar' means 'passed', 'katsir' means 'harvest', 'kala' means 'has finished' or 'ended', 'kayitz' means 'summer', 'va'anachnu' means 'and we', 'lo' means 'not', 'noshaenu' means 'have been saved' or 'saved us'.
[JER.8.21] Because of the ruin of the daughter of my people I have broken, I have bound, Shamma has strengthened me. [§]
Al shever bat-ami hashbarti kadrati shamma hechezektni.
'Al' means 'because of' or 'upon'. 'shever' means 'ruin' or 'breaking'. 'bat-ami' means 'the daughter of my people'. 'hashbarti' is a first‑person verb meaning 'I have broken' or 'I have shattered'. 'kadrati' is a first‑person verb from the root Q-D-R meaning 'I have bound' or 'I have restrained'. 'shamma' is a proper name meaning 'Shamma' (a personal name, not a divine title). 'hechezektni' is a third‑person verb meaning 'He strengthened me' (from the root CH-Z-K, 'to strengthen').
[JER.8.22] The foreigners are not in Gil'ad; if there is a healer, there is none there, for why did the long lineage of my people not rise? [§]
ha-tzori ein b'gil'ad im rofe ein sham ki madu'a lo alta arukhat bat-ami.
'ha-tzori' means 'the foreigners', 'ein' means 'there is not' or 'none', 'b'gil'ad' means 'in Gil'ad', 'im rofe' means 'if (there is) a healer', 'sham' means 'there', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'madu'a' means 'why', 'lo' means 'not', 'alta' means 'went up' or 'rose', 'arukhat' literally means 'long' and here functions as an idiom for 'extended' or 'lengthy', 'bat-ami' means 'daughter of my people' and is understood idiomatically as 'the lineage of my people'.
[JER.8.23] Who will give my head water and my eyes a spring of tears, and I shall weep day and night for the loss of the daughter of my people. [§]
Mi yiten roshi mayim ve'eyni mekhor dimah ve'evke yomam va-laila et challei bat-ami.
'Mi' means 'who', 'yiten' means 'will give', 'roshi' means 'my head', 'mayim' means 'water', 've'eyni' means 'and my eyes', 'mekhor' means 'a spring' or 'fountain', 'dimah' means 'of tears', 've'evke' means 'and I shall weep', 'yomam' means 'day', 'va-laila' means 'and night', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (not translated), 'challei' means 'the loss', 'bat-ami' means 'of the daughter of my people'.
JER.9
[JER.9.1] Who will give me a place of lodging for guests in the desert, and I will abandon my people and go away from them, because all of them are deceitful, a snare of betrayers. [§]
Mi yitteneni ba-midbar melon orchim ve-e'ezevah et-ami ve-elekha me-itam ki kulam menafim atzeret bogdim.
'Mi' means 'who', 'yitteneni' means 'will give me' (from the root 'to give'), 'ba-midbar' means 'in the desert', 'melon' means 'a place of lodging' or 'inn', 'orchim' means 'guests', 've-e'ezevah' means 'and I will abandon', 'et-ami' means 'my people', 've-elekha' means 'and I will go', 'me-itam' means 'away from them', 'ki' means 'because', 'kulam' means 'all of them', 'menafim' means 'deceptive' or 'false', 'atzeret' means 'a snare', 'bogdim' means 'traitors' or 'betrayers'.
[JER.9.2] And they directed their tongue, their arrows of falsehood, and not in faith they grew in the land, for from evil to evil they went out, and they did not know me, says Yahveh. [§]
vayyadr'chu et-leshonam kashtam sheker velo leemunah gavru baaretz ki merah el-raah yatzeu v'oti lo-yadu neum-Yahveh
'vayyadr'chu' means 'and they directed' (or 'guided'), 'et-leshonam' means 'their tongue', 'kashtam' means 'their arrows', 'sheker' means 'falsehood' or 'lie', 'velo' means 'and not', 'leemunah' means 'in faith' or 'in trust', 'gavru' means 'they grew' or 'they increased', 'baaretz' means 'in the land', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'merah' means 'from evil', 'el-raah' means 'to evil', 'yatzeu' means 'they went out', 'v'oti' means 'and me', 'lo-yadu' means 'they did not know', 'neum-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh'.
[JER.9.3] Watch a man from his companion, and trust not any brother, for every brother is a deceitful Jacob, and every friend walks in slander. [§]
Ish mere'ehu hishameru ve al kol ach al tivtachu ki kol ach aqov yaakov ve chol rea rachil yahaloch.
'Ish' means 'man', 'mere'ehu' means 'from his companion/friend', 'hishameru' means 'watch' or 'guard' (imperative plural), 've' means 'and', 'al' means 'on' or 'against', 'kol' means 'all' or 'every', 'ach' means 'brother', 'al' means 'do not', 'tivtachu' means 'trust', 'ki' means 'because', 'aqov' means 'trick' or 'deception', 'yaakov' is the name Jacob used here as a symbol of deceit, 've' means 'and', 'chol' means 'every', 'rea' means 'friend' or 'companion', 'rachil' means 'gossip' or 'slander', 'yahaloch' means 'walks' or 'goes about'.
[JER.9.4] And a man with his companion will be hanged, and truth they will not speak; they taught their tongue a lie, and they are filled with iniquity. [§]
veish bre'ehu yehatelu veemet lo yedaberu limdu leshonam daber-sheqer haaveh nilalu.
'veish' means 'and a man', 'bre'ehu' means 'with his companion', 'yehatelu' means 'they will be hanged', 'veemet' means 'and truth', 'lo' means 'not', 'yedaberu' means 'they will speak', 'limdu' means 'they taught', 'leshonam' means 'their tongue', 'daber-sheqer' means 'a word of falsehood', 'haaveh' means 'the iniquity', 'nilalu' means 'they are filled'.
[JER.9.5] You sit within deceit, in deceit, from us the knowledge of me, says Yahveh. [§]
shivtekha betoch mirmah b'mirmah me'anu daat-oti neum-Yahveh.
'shivtekha' means 'your sitting' or 'you sit', 'betoch' means 'in the midst of' or 'within', 'mirmah' means 'deceit' or 'trickery', 'b'mirmah' means 'with deceit' or 'in deceit', 'me'anu' means 'from us' or 'by us', 'daat-oti' means 'the knowledge of me' (daat = knowledge, oti = me), 'neum-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh' (neum = saying, Yahveh = the proper literal name of YHVH).
[JER.9.6] Therefore thus said Yahveh of hosts, Behold I will crush them and I will show mercy, for how shall I act because of the daughter of my people. [§]
Lachen ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot hineni tzorfam uvechantim ki eich e'ese mipenei bat-ami.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'hineni' means 'behold I am', 'tzorfam' comes from the root 'tzarf' meaning 'to crush' or 'to smite', so it means 'I will crush them', 'uvechantim' from the root 'chanan' meaning 'to be gracious', rendered here as 'and I will show mercy', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'eich' means 'how', 'e'ese' means 'I shall do', 'mipenei' means 'because of' or 'on account of', 'bat-ami' means 'the daughter of my people'. The divine titles are translated literally as instructed: Yahveh for YHVH and 'of hosts' follows Yahveh.
[JER.9.7] A half‑crooked one, their tongue is deceit; he speaks in his mouth peace to his companion, but in his heart he sets his snare. [§]
chetz shachut le'shonam mirmah diver be'fi shalom et-re'eh yedabber u'v'kirbo yasim arvovo.
'chetz' means 'half', 'shachut' means 'crooked' or 'deceptive', 'le'shonam' means 'their tongue', 'mirmah' means 'deceit', 'diver' means 'he speaks', 'be'fi' means 'in his mouth', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'et-re'eh' is the direct‑object marker plus 'his companion', 'yedabber' means 'he will speak', 'u'v'kirbo' means 'and in his inner part' or 'in his heart', 'yasim' means 'places' or 'sets', 'arvovo' means 'his snare' or 'his trap'.
[JER.9.8] These things I will not count against them, declares Yahveh, if in a nation like this my soul is not avenged. [§]
ha'al-elah lo efkad bam, ne'um Yahveh, im be-goy asher kaze lo titnakem nafshi.
'ha'al-elah' means 'these things', 'lo' means 'not', 'efkad' means 'to be counted' or 'reckoned', 'bam' means 'against them', 'ne\'um' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'im' means 'if', 'be-goy' means 'in a nation', 'asher' means 'that', 'kaze' means 'like this', 'lo' means 'not', 'titnakem' means 'you will avenge', 'nafshi' means 'my soul'.
[JER.9.9] On the mountains I will lift with weeping and I will become, and on desert places lament because they have fled without a man passing; and they did not hear the voice of livestock from the bird of the heavens, and to the beast they wandered, they walked. [§]
al ha-harim esah b'chi va'nei ve'al neot midbar qinah ki nitztu mi-beli ish over ve-lo shamu kol mikneh me'of hashamayim ve'ad-behemah naddu halachu.
al means on, ha-harim means the mountains, esah means I will lift, b'chi means with weeping, va'nei means and I will become, ve'al means and on, neot means desert places, midbar means desert, qinah means lament, ki means because, nitztu means they have fled, mi-beli ish means without a man, over means passing, ve-lo means and not, shamu means they heard, kol means voice, mikneh means of livestock, me'of means from the bird, hashamayim means the heavens, ve'ad-behemah means and to the beast, naddu means they wandered, halachu means they walked.
[JER.9.10] And I will give Jerusalem to the despised, a feast of figs, and I will make the cities of Judah waste, without any inhabitant. [§]
ve-natati et-Yerushalaim le-galim me'on tannim ve-et-arei Yehudah eten shemamah mibly yoshév.
've-natati' means 'and I will give', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'Yerushalaim' means 'Jerusalem', 'le-galim' means 'to the despised' (or 'to the scoffers'), 'me'on' means 'a feast', 'tannim' means 'of figs', 've-et' is 'and the', 'arei' means 'cities of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'eten' means 'I will make', 'shemamah' means 'waste' or 'desolation', 'mibly' means 'without', 'yoshév' means 'a dweller' or 'inhabitant'.
[JER.9.11] Who is the man, the wise, who will understand this, and what the mouth of Yahveh spoke to him and will tell, concerning why the land has perished, become as a desert without a passer. [§]
Mi haish hechacham ve-yaven et zot ve-asher diber pi-Yahveh elav ve-yaggidah al-ma avda haaretz nitzta kamidbar mi-beli over.
'Mi' means 'who', 'haish' means 'the man', 'hechacham' means 'the wise', 've-yaven' means 'and will understand', 'et zot' means 'this', 've-asher' means 'and what/that which', 'diber' means 'spoke', 'pi-Yahveh' means 'mouth of Yahveh', 'elav' means 'to him', 've-yaggidah' means 'and will tell it', 'al-ma' means 'about what', 'avda' means 'has perished', 'haaretz' means 'the land', 'nitzta' means 'has become dry', 'ka-midbar' means 'like a desert', 'mi-beli' means 'without', 'over' means 'a passer'. The name YHWH is rendered as 'Yahveh' according to the given translation rule.
[JER.9.12] And Yahveh said concerning them, 'They have abandoned my law which I gave before them; they did not listen to my voice, nor walk in it.' [§]
Vayomer Yahveh al-azbam et Torati asher natati lifneihem veloshamu beqoli velohalchu bah.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'al-azbam' means 'concerning them' or 'about their abandoning', 'et' is the direct‑object marker (no translation), 'Torati' means 'my law', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'natati' means 'I gave', 'lifneihem' means 'before them', 'veloshamu' means 'and they did not hear', 'beqoli' means 'my voice', 'velohalchu' means 'and they did not walk', 'bah' means 'in it'.
[JER.9.13] And they went after the wickedness of their heart and after the Baalim that their fathers taught them. [§]
vayelechu acharei shrirut livam veacharei habbaalim asher limdum avotam.
'vayelechu' means 'and they went', 'acharei' means 'after', 'shrirut' means 'wickedness', 'livam' means 'of their heart', 'veacharei' means 'and after', 'habbaalim' means 'the Baalim' (the lords/gods), 'asher' means 'that', 'limdum' means 'taught', 'avotam' means 'their fathers'.
[JER.9.14] Therefore thus says Yahveh of hosts, God of Israel, Behold, I will feed them the people of this land for famine, and I will give them water from the head. [§]
Lakhen koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael hineni ma'akhlam et haam hazeh la'ana vehishkitiym mei rosh.
'Lakhen' means 'Therefore', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH and is rendered as 'Yahveh', 'Tzevaot' means 'of hosts', 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hineni' means 'Behold' or 'I am here', 'ma'akhlam' means 'I will feed them', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'la'ana' means 'for famine' or 'for hunger', 'vehishkitiym' means 'and I will give them drink', 'mei' means 'water of', 'rosh' means 'head' or 'source'.
[JER.9.15] And I will scatter them among the nations that do not know them and their fathers, and I will send after them the sword until I have destroyed them. [§]
Vahaftzotim bagoyim asher lo yadu hemmah veavotam veshilachti acharehem et-hacheret ad kalloti otam.
'Vahaftzotim' means 'and I will scatter'; 'bagoyim' means 'among the nations'; 'asher' means 'that' or 'who'; 'lo yadu' means 'they do not know'; 'hemmah' means 'them'; 'veavotam' means 'and their fathers'; 'veshilachti' means 'and I will send'; 'acharehem' means 'after them'; 'et-hacheret' means 'the sword' (the direct object marker 'et' is untranslated); 'ad' means 'until'; 'kalloti' means 'I have finished/destroyed'; 'otam' means 'them'.
[JER.9.16] Thus says Yahveh of Hosts, examine yourselves and call to the settlements, and they shall come; and send to the wise, and they shall come. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot hitbonenu veqiru lamkonenot uteboina ve'el hachakmot shilchu vetavona.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'Hosts', 'hitbonenu' means 'examine yourselves', 'veqiru' means 'and call', 'lamkonenot' means 'to the settlements/places', 'uteboina' means 'and they shall come', 've'el' means 'and to', 'hachakmot' means 'the wise', 'shilchu' means 'send', 'vetavona' means 'and they shall come'.
[JER.9.17] And hurry, and cast it upon us; be, and let our eyes descend tears, and let our sighs sink water. [§]
Utemaher'na ve'tis'ena alenu nehi ve'teradna einenu dimah ve'afappeinu yizlu mayim.
'Utemaher'na' means 'and hurry (you all)', 've'tis'ena' means 'and throw (it)', 'alenu' means 'upon us', 'nehi' means 'be', 've'teradna' means 'and let descend', 'einenu' means 'our eyes', 'dimah' means 'tear', 've'afappeinu' means 'and our sighs', 'yizlu' means 'shall go down / sink', 'mayim' means 'water'.
[JER.9.18] For the voice of the cry is heard from Zion: how they have plundered us, shamed us greatly, because we have left the land, because they have cast out our dwellings. [§]
Ki qol nehi nishma miTsiyon eich shudadnu boshnu meod ki-azavnu eretz ki hashlichu mishkenoteinu.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'qol' means 'voice', 'nehi' is a form of 'cry' or 'sound', 'nishma' means 'is heard', 'miTsiyon' means 'from Zion', 'eich' means 'how', 'shudadnu' means 'they have plundered us' or 'they have robbed us', 'boshnu' means 'they have shamed us', 'meod' means 'greatly', 'azavnu' (with the prefix 'ki-') means 'we have left' or 'we have forsaken', 'eretz' means 'the land', 'hashlichu' means 'they have cast out' or 'they have driven away', 'mishkenoteinu' means 'our dwellings' or 'our habitations'.
[JER.9.19] Because women heard the word of Yahveh, and you will take your ears to the word of his mouth, and you will teach your daughters, be idle, and a woman whose pasture laments. [§]
ki sh'ma'na nashim devar-Yahveh ve-tikkach oznechem devar-piyv ve-lammedna benoteichem nehi ve-isha re'utah kinah.
'ki' means 'because', 'sh'ma'na' means 'they heard', 'nashim' means 'women', 'devar-Yahveh' means 'the word of Yahveh', 've-tikkach' means 'and you will take', 'oznechem' means 'your ears', 'devar-piyv' means 'the word of his mouth', 've-lammedna' means 'and you will teach them', 'benoteichem' means 'your daughters', 'nehi' means 'be idle' (or 'remain'), 've-isha' means 'and a woman', 're'utah' means 'her pasture' or 'her grazing', 'kinah' means 'lament' or 'cry of mourning'.
[JER.9.20] Because death rose in our houses, came into our palaces to cut off the infant from outside the youths of the wide places. [§]
ki-alah mavet bechalonenu ba bearmnoteinu lehakrit olal michutz bachurim merachavot.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'alah' means 'rose' or 'went up', 'mavet' means 'death', 'bechalonenu' means 'in our houses', 'ba' means 'came', 'bearmnoteinu' means 'into our palaces', 'lehakrit' means 'to cut off', 'olal' means 'infant' or 'young child', 'michutz' means 'from outside', 'bachurim' means 'young men' or 'youths', 'merachavot' means 'from the wide places' or 'of the broad streets'.
[JER.9.21] Speak thus declares Yahveh, and the dung of the man shall fall like dung upon the face of the field, and like chaff after the reaper, and there shall be no gatherer. [§]
daber ko neum-Yahveh ve-nafla nivlat haadam ke-domen al-penei hasade u-ke-amir meacharei hakotzer ve-ein measaf.
'daber' means 'speak', 'ko' means 'thus', 'neum-Yahveh' means 'declares Yahveh' (Yahveh being the literal translation of YHVH), 've-nafla' means 'and shall fall', 'nivlat' means 'the dung', 'haadam' means 'of the man', 'ke-domen' means 'like dung', 'al-penei' means 'upon the face of', 'hasade' means 'the field', 'u-ke-amir' means 'and like chaff', 'meacharei' means 'after', 'hakotzer' means 'the reaper', 've-ein' means 'and there is no', 'measaf' means 'gatherer'.
[JER.9.22] Thus says Yahveh: let not the wise boast in his wisdom, and let not the mighty boast in his might, let not the rich boast in his wealth. [§]
ko amar Yahveh al-yithallel chacham bechachmato ve'al-yithallel hagibor bigvorato al-yithallel ashir beashro.
"ko" means "thus", "amar" means "said", "Yahveh" is the divine name YHVH rendered as Yahveh, "al" means "let not", "yithallel" means "he will boast" (from the root meaning to glory), "chacham" means "wise (person)", "bechachmato" means "in his wisdom", "ve'al" means "and let not", "hagibor" means "the mighty (person)", "bigvorato" means "in his might", "ashir" means "rich (person)", "beashro" means "in his wealth".
[JER.9.23] Because if in this the one who boasts, the one who walks, the wise and knowing one acknowledges me, for I am Yahveh who does kindness, judgment and righteousness in the earth, for these things I have desired, says Yahveh. [§]
Ki im bezot yithalel ha-mithalel ha-skelet ve-yadoa oti ki ani Yahveh oseh chesed mishpat u-tzedakah baaretz ki beeleh chafatsi neum-Yahveh.
'Ki' means 'because', 'im' means 'if', 'bezot' means 'in this', 'yithalel' means 'will boast', 'ha-mithalel' means 'the one who walks', 'ha-skelet' means 'the wise', 've-yadoa' means 'and knowing', 'oti' means 'me', 'ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'oseh' means 'does' or 'makes', 'chesed' means 'kindness', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'u-tzedakah' means 'and righteousness', 'baaretz' means 'in the earth', 'beeleh' means 'in these', 'chafatsi' means 'I have taken pleasure' or 'I have desired', 'neum-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh'.
[JER.9.24] Behold, days are coming, says Yahveh, and I will bring judgment upon all who are naked. [§]
Hineh yamim ba'im ne'um-Yahveh u-fakadti al kol mul be'aralah.
'Hineh' means 'behold', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ba'im' means 'coming', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'u-fakadti' means 'and I have taken account' or 'and I will bring judgment', 'al' means 'upon' or 'against', 'kol' means 'all', 'mul' means 'opposition' or 'against', 'be'aralah' means 'in nakedness' or 'who are naked'.
[JER.9.25] Upon Egypt and upon Judah and upon Edom and upon the sons of Ammon and upon Moab and upon all the far corners of the waste where they dwell in the desert, for all the nations are uncircumcised and all the house of Israel are uncircumcised in heart. [§]
Al-Mitzrayim ve'al-Yehudah ve'al-Edom ve'al-Bnei Ammon ve'al-Moab ve'al kol-ktzutzey Peah ha-yoshvim ba-midbar ki kol-hagoyim arelim ve'chol-beit Yisrael arlei-lev.
'Al' means 'upon', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'Edom' means 'Edom', 'Bnei' means 'sons of', 'Ammon' means 'Ammon', 'Moab' means 'Moab', 'kol' means 'all', 'ktzutzey' (approximated) means 'the far corners', 'Peah' means 'waste' or 'desert', 'ha-yoshvim' means 'who dwell', 'ba-midbar' means 'in the desert', 'ki' means 'for', 'hagoyim' means 'the nations', 'arelim' means 'uncut' or 'uncircumcised', 've'chol' means 'and all', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'arlei-lev' means 'uncut in heart' (uncircumcised of heart).
JER.10
[JER.10.1] Hear the word that Yahveh spoke to you, house of Israel. [§]
Shimu et-hadavar asher diber Yahveh alaychem Beit Yisrael.
'Shimu' means 'Hear', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (often left untranslated), 'hadavar' means 'the word', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'diber' means 'spoke', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'alaychem' means 'to you' (plural), 'Beit' means 'house', and 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'. The phrase 'Beit Yisrael' therefore renders as 'house of Israel'.
[JER.10.2] Thus said Yahveh concerning the way of the nations: do not learn, and from the signs of the heavens do not descend, for the nations will descend from them. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh el derekh haggoyim al tilmadu umeotot hashshamayim al techatu ki yechatu haggoyim mehemeh.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'el' means 'to' or 'concerning', 'derekh' means 'the way', 'haggoyim' means 'the nations', 'al' means 'do not', 'tilmadu' means 'you will learn/teach', 'umeotot' means 'and from the signs', 'hashshamayim' means 'the heavens', 'al' again means 'do not', 'techatu' means 'you will descend', 'ki' means 'for', 'yechatu' means 'they will descend', 'haggoyim' again 'the nations', 'mehemeh' means 'from them'.
[JER.10.3] For the statutes of the nations are vanity, for a tree from the forest has been cut; it is the work of a craftsman's hand in the council. [§]
Ki chukot haamim hevel hu ki etz miya'ar karto maaseh yedei charash ba-maatzad.
'Ki' means 'because' or 'for'. 'chukot' means 'statutes' or 'laws'. 'haamim' means 'the nations'. 'hevel' means 'vanity', 'nothing', or 'futility'. 'hu' means 'it' (referring to the statutes). 'etz' means 'tree'. 'miya'ar' means 'from the forest'. 'karto' (from the root 'karat') means 'has been cut' or 'is cut'. 'maaseh' means 'work' or 'deed'. 'yedei' means 'of the hand of'. 'charash' means 'craftsman' or 'carpenter'. 'ba-maatzad' means 'in the council' or 'in the assembly'.
[JER.10.4] He will adorn it with silver and gold, with ornaments and vessels, and they will strengthen it and not break it. [§]
Bechesef uvezehav yeyapehu be-masmerot uve-makkavot yechaz'kem veloo yafik.
'Bechesef' means 'in silver', 'uvezehav' means 'and in gold', 'yeyapehu' means 'he will beautify it/him', 'be-masmerot' means 'in ornaments', 'uve-makkavot' means 'and in vessels', 'yechaz'kem' means 'they will strengthen them', 'veloo' means 'and not', 'yafik' means 'they will break or spoil it'.
[JER.10.5] Like a palm, a twisted one, they are, and they do not speak; they will bear, they will be lifted, because they do not step; do not fear them, because they will not harm, and also there is no good in them. [§]
ke-tomer miksha hemmah ve-lo yedaberu naso yinasu ki lo yitz'adu al-tir'u me-hem ki lo yare'u ve-gam-heitiv ein otam.
'ke-tomer' means 'like a palm (or date)', 'miksha' means 'a twisted (or knotted) one', 'hemmah' means 'they', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yedaberu' means 'they speak', 'naso' means 'they will bear', 'yinasu' means 'they will be lifted', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'yitz'adu' means 'they will step', 'al-tir'u' means 'do not fear', 'me-hem' means 'from them', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'yare'u' means 'they will harm', 've-gam' means 'and also', 'heitiv' means 'to be good', 'ein' means 'there is no', 'otam' means 'them'.
[JER.10.6] There is none like you, Yahveh; you are great and your name is great in might. [§]
mei-ein kamocha Yahveh gadol atah ve-gadol shimcha bigvorah.
'mei-ein' means 'from no (one)', 'kamocha' means 'like you', 'Yahveh' is the rendering of the divine name YHVH, 'gadol' means 'great', 'atah' means 'you', the prefix 've-' means 'and', the second 'gadol' again means 'great', 'shimcha' means 'your name', and 'bigvorah' means 'in strength' or 'with might'.
[JER.10.7] Who does not fear you, O King of the nations? For it is yours, because among all the wisdom of the nations and in all their kingdoms there is none like you. [§]
mi lo yira'kha melekh haggoyim ki lecha ya'atah ki bechol-chakmei haggoyim u'vechol-malkhutam me'ein kamokha.
'mi' means 'who', 'lo' means 'does not', 'yira'kha' means 'fear you' (second person masculine singular), 'melekh' means 'king', 'haggoyim' means 'the nations', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'lecha' means 'to you' or 'yours', 'ya'atah' means 'it belongs', 'bechol-chakmei' means 'in all the wisdom of', 'haggoyim' again 'the nations', 'u'vechol-malkhutam' means 'and in all their kingdoms', 'me'ein' means 'there is none', 'kamokha' means 'like you'.
[JER.10.8] And in one they will burn and be broken, the rod of vanities is a tree. [§]
uveachat yiv'aru veyiksalu musar havalim etz hu.
'uveachat' means 'and in one', 'yivar u' means 'they will burn', 'veiksalu' means 'and they will be broken', 'musar' means 'rod' or 'discipline', 'havalim' means 'vanities' (plural), 'etz' means 'tree', 'hu' means 'it'.
[JER.10.9] Silver, refined from the furnace, and gold, purified, the work of a craftsman and the hands of a smith; blue and purple for their clothing, the work of the wise, all of them. [§]
Kesef merukka mitarshish yuvah ve zahav meufaz maase charash veydei tzoref tekhelet ve argaman levusham maase chachamim kulam.
'Kesef' means 'silver', 'merukka' means 'spun' or 'refined', 'mitarshish' is a form of the verb meaning 'to be melted' or 'from the furnace', 'yuvah' means 'to be purified', 've' means 'and', 'zahav' means 'gold', 'meufaz' means 'refined' or 'purified', 'maase' means 'work' or 'craft', 'charash' means 'craftsman', 'veydei' means 'and the hands of', 'tzoref' means 'smith' or 'one who works metal', 'tekhelet' means 'blue', 've' again means 'and', 'argaman' means 'purple', 'levusham' means 'their clothing', 'maase' again 'work', 'chachamim' means 'wise men' or 'the wise', 'kulam' means 'all of them'.
[JER.10.10] Yahveh the Gods truth he is God living and king everlasting; from his wrath the earth will shake and nations cannot withstand his anger. [§]
vaYahveh Elohim emet huElohim chayyim uMelekh olam miqitzpo tirash haaretz ve lo yachlu goyim zamo.
'vaYahveh' means 'and Yahveh', 'Elohim' means 'the Gods', 'emet' means 'truth', 'huElohim' means 'he is God', 'chayyim' means 'living', 'uMelekh' means 'and king', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 'miqitzpo' means 'from his wrath', 'tirash' means 'will shake', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 've lo yachlu' means 'and they cannot', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'zamo' means 'his anger'.
[JER.10.11] As you will say to them, the God of heaven and earth they did not worship, they will perish from the earth and from under heaven. [§]
Kidna te'amerun lehom Elahaya di-shemaya ve'arka la avadu ye'abadu me'ara u-min-tehot shemaya eleh.
'Kidna' means 'as', 'te'amerun' means 'you will say' (plural), 'lehom' means 'to them', 'Elahaya' means 'the God', 'di-shemaya' means 'of heaven', 've'arka' means 'and earth', 'la' means 'not', 'avadu' means 'they worshiped', 'ye'abadu' means 'they will perish', 'me'ara' means 'from the earth', 'u-min-tehot' means 'and from under', 'shemaya' means 'heaven', 'eleh' means 'these (people)'.
[JER.10.12] He makes the earth with his strength, prepares the world with his wisdom, and by his understanding stretches out the heavens. [§]
Oseh eretz b'choho mechin tevel b'chochmato u'v'tevunato nata shamayim.
'Oseh' means 'makes' or 'who makes', 'eretz' means 'earth' or 'land', 'b'choho' means 'by his strength', 'mechin' means 'prepares', 'tevel' means 'world', 'b'chochmato' means 'with his wisdom', 'u'v'tevunato' means 'and with his understanding', 'nata' means 'stretched out', 'shamayim' means 'heavens'.
[JER.10.13] To the voice a great multitude of waters in the heavens, and He raised carriers from the ends of the earth; lightning for the rain He made, and He sent out wind from His storages. [§]
leqol titto hamon mayim ba-shamayim va-ya'aleh nesi'im miqtzeh aretz berakim la-matar asah va-yotse ruach meotzrotav.
'leqol' means 'to the voice', 'titto' means 'a great multitude', 'hamon' means 'wealth' or 'multitude', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'ba-shamayim' means 'in the heavens', 'va-ya'aleh' means 'and He raised', 'nesi'im' means 'carriers' or 'those who bear', 'miqtzeh' means 'from the ends', 'aretz' means 'of the earth', 'berakim' means 'lightning', 'la-matar' means 'for the rain', 'asah' means 'He made', 'va-yotse' means 'and He sent out', 'ruach' means 'wind', 'meotzrotav' means 'from His storages'.
[JER.10.14] All people will be burned from knowledge, shaming every burner from the idol, because his payment is false and there is no spirit in them. [§]
niv'ar kol-adam midat hovish kol-tsoref mipasel ki sheker nis'ko velo ruach bam.
'niv'ar' means 'will be burned'; 'kol-adam' means 'all man' or 'every person'; 'midat' means 'from knowledge' (literally 'of knowledge'); 'hovish' means 'to shame' or 'to disgrace'; 'kol-tsoref' means 'all burner' or 'every one who scorches'; 'mipasel' means 'from the idol' (literally 'from statue'); 'ki' means 'because'; 'sheker' means 'falsehood' or 'lie'; 'nis'ko' means 'his payment' or 'his offering'; 'velo' means 'and not'; 'ruach' means 'spirit'; 'bam' means 'in them'.
[JER.10.15] Vanity they work of vanities; at the time of their duty they will perish. [§]
Hevel hemmah ma'aseh ta'tu'im be'et pekudatam yo'avdu.
'Hevel' means 'vanity' or 'futility', 'hemmah' means 'they', 'ma'aseh' means 'work' or 'deed', 'ta'tu'im' means 'vanities' or 'foolish pursuits', 'be'et' means 'at the time of', 'pekudatam' means 'their appointed service' or 'their duty', 'yo'avdu' means 'they will perish' or 'they will be lost'.
[JER.10.16] Not like these is Jacob's portion, for the Creator of all is He, and Israel is the tribe of his inheritance; Yahveh of hosts is his name. [§]
Lo ke'eleh chelek Ya'akov ki yotser hakol hu veYisrael shevet nachalato Yahveh Tzevaot shmo.
'Lo' means 'not', 'ke'eleh' means 'like these', 'chelek' means 'portion' or 'share', 'Ya'akov' means 'Jacob', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'yotser' means 'Creator', 'hakol' means 'the all' (all things), 'hu' means 'He', 'veYisrael' means 'and Israel', 'shevet' means 'tribe', 'nachalato' means 'his inheritance', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' or 'armies', and 'shmo' means 'His name'.
[JER.10.17] Gather from the earth your moaning; I have dwelt in the fortress. [§]
Is'pi me'eretz kin'atekh yosevti ba matzor.
'Is'pi' means 'Gather' (imperative, feminine singular), 'me'eretz' means 'from the earth', 'kin'atekh' means 'your moaning' or 'your sighing' (literally 'as your sigh'), 'yosevti' means 'I have dwelt' (first‑person perfect), 'ba' means 'in the', and 'matzor' means 'fortress' or 'stronghold'.
[JER.10.18] For thus says Yahveh, behold, I will devour the inhabitants of the earth this time, and I will enclose them for the purpose that they may be found. [§]
Ki ko amar Yahveh hineni ko'le'a et yosh'vei ha'aretz ba'pa'am ha'zot vahatseroti lahem lema'an yimtza'u.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'ko' means 'thus' or 'so', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hineni' means 'behold me' or 'I am here', 'ko'le'a' means 'I will devour' (from the root kalah), 'et' is the direct object marker, 'yosh'vei' means 'inhabitants' or 'dwellers', 'ha'aretz' means 'the earth', 'ba'pa'am' means 'this time' or 'at this moment', 'ha'zot' means 'this', 'vahatseroti' means 'and I will enclose' or 'surround', 'lahem' means 'them', 'lema'an' means 'for the purpose that', 'yimtza'u' means 'they may be found' or 'they will be found'.
[JER.10.19] Woe to me because of the breaking of my inheritance, my blow, and I said, 'Only this is my wound, and I will bear it.' [§]
Oy li al-shivri nachla makti va'ani amarti ach zeh choli ve'esanu.
'Oy' means 'woe', 'li' means 'to me', 'al' means 'because of' or 'upon', 'shivri' means 'my breaking' or 'my shattered', 'nachla' means 'inheritance' or 'portion', 'makti' means 'my blow' or 'my striking', 'va'ani' means 'and I', 'amarti' means 'said', 'ach' means 'only', 'zeh' means 'this', 'choli' means 'my wound' or 'my hurt', 've'esanu' means 'and I will bear it' or 'and I will lift it up'.
[JER.10.20] My tent is ruined and all my shelters have been cut off; my children have gone out from me and they are no longer; there is no one to pitch my tent any more and no one raises my fences. [§]
Aholi shudad vechol-meitarai nitaku banai yetzuni ve'einam ein-noteh od aholi u-meqim yeriyotai.
'Aholi' means 'my tent', 'shudad' means 'shattered' or 'ruined', 'vechol-meitarai' means 'and all my shelters', 'nitaku' means 'have been cut off', 'banai' means 'my children', 'yetzuni' means 'have gone out from me', 've'einam' means 'and they are not', 'ein-noteh' means 'there is no one who pitches', 'od' means 'any more', 'aholi' again 'my tent', 'u-meqim' means 'and raises', 'yeriyotai' means 'my fences' or 'my protective barriers'.
[JER.10.21] Because the shepherds were burned and they did not seek Yahveh, therefore they were not wise and all their pasture was broken. [§]
Ki niva'aru ha'ro'im ve'et Yahveh lo darashu al-ken lo hiskilu vechol mar'itam nafotzah
'Ki' means 'because', 'niva'aru' means 'they were burned', 'ha'ro'im' means 'the shepherds', 've'et' is a conjunction meaning 'and' before the name, 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'lo' means 'not', 'darashu' means 'they sought', 'al-ken' means 'therefore', 'hiskilu' means 'they were wise' in the negative sense 'they were not wise', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'mar'itam' means 'their pasture', 'nafotzah' means 'was broken' or 'was scattered'.
[JER.10.22] A voice of tumult—behold, it is coming, and great noise from the north to bring the cities of Judah into desolation, a den of wild beasts. [§]
Kol shmuah hinei baah ve'raash gadol me'eretz tzafon lashum et-arei Yehudah shemamah meon tannim.
'Kol' means 'voice' or 'sound', 'shmuah' means 'rumor' or 'tumult', 'hinei' means 'behold', 'baah' means 'is coming', 've'raash' means 'and noise', 'gadol' means 'great', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'tzafon' means 'north', 'lashum' means 'to bring about' or 'to cause', 'et-arei' means 'the cities of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'shemamah' means 'desolation' or 'waste', 'meon' means 'dwelling' or 'den', 'tannim' means 'wild beasts' or 'jackals'.
[JER.10.23] I know Yahveh, that a man's way is not his own; not for the one who walks, and He prepares his steps. [§]
yadati yahveh ki lo laadam darko lo leish holekh ve hakin et tzaado.
'yadati' means 'I know', 'Yahveh' is the divine name YHWH translated as 'Yahveh', 'ki' means 'that' or 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'laadam' means 'to a man' or 'for a man', 'darko' means 'his way', 'leish' means 'to a person', 'holekh' means 'who walks', 've' means 'and', 'hakin' means 'prepares', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (often left untranslated), 'tzaado' means 'his steps'.
[JER.10.24] Yahveh will restrain me only in judgment, not in your anger lest you diminish me. [§]
yassereni Yahveh ach be-mishpat al be-apkha pen tam'iteni.
'yassereni' means 'he will restrain me', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'ach' means 'only' or 'but', 'be-mishpat' means 'in judgment', 'al' means 'not', 'be-apkha' means 'in your anger', 'pen' means 'lest', 'tam'iteni' means 'you will diminish me'.
[JER.10.25] Pour out your wrath upon the nations that do not know you, and upon the families that do not call your name, because they have eaten Jacob, have devoured him, and have destroyed his offspring. [§]
Shefokh chatemekha al hagoyim asher lo yedaukha ve'al mishpachot asher b'shimkha lo karu ki achlu et Yaakov ve'achalu hu vayekhalu hu ve'et navehu heshamu.
'Shefokh' means 'pour', 'chatemekha' means 'your wrath', 'al' means 'upon', 'hagoyim' means 'the nations', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'lo' means 'not', 'yedaukha' means 'they know you', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'mishpachot' means 'families', 'b'shimkha' means 'in your name', 'lo karu' means 'they did not call', 'ki' means 'because', 'achlu' means 'they ate', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob', 've'achalu' means 'and they ate him', 'hu' means 'him', 'vayekhalu' means 'and they consumed him', 've'et' means 'and', 'navehu' means 'his offspring', 'heshamu' means 'they destroyed'.
JER.11
[JER.11.1] The word which was to Jeremiah from Yahveh, saying. [§]
ha-davar asher hayah el-Yirmeyahu me'et Yahveh le'emor.
'ha-davar' means 'the word' or 'the message'; 'asher' means 'that' or 'which'; 'hayah' means 'was' or 'came'; 'el' means 'to' or 'toward'; 'Yirmeyahu' is the personal name Jeremiah; 'me'et' means 'from' (literally 'by the hand of'); 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH; 'le'emor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.11.2] Hear the words of this covenant and speak them to a man of Judah and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem. [§]
Shimu et-dibrei ha-berit ha-zot ve-dibbartam el-ish Yehudah ve-al yoshve Yerushalayim.
'Shimu' means 'listen' or 'hear', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'dibrei' means 'words of', 'ha-berit' means 'the covenant', 'ha-zot' means 'this', 've-dibbartam' means 'and you shall speak them', 'el' means 'to', 'ish' means 'man', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 've-al' means 'and to/over', 'yoshve' means 'inhabitants', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem'.
[JER.11.3] And you shall say to them, thus says Yahveh, the Gods of Israel: cursed is the man who does not hear the words of this covenant. [§]
Veamarta aleihem ko amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael arur haish asher lo yishma et divrei habrit hazot.
'Veamarta' means 'And you shall say', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohei' means 'the Gods' (construct form of Elohim), 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'arur' means 'cursed', 'haish' means 'the man', 'asher' means 'who', 'lo' means 'not', 'yishma' means 'he will hear', 'et' is a particle marking the object, 'divrei' means 'words of', 'habrit' means 'the covenant', 'hazot' means 'this'.
[JER.11.4] Which I commanded your fathers on the day I brought them out of the land of Egypt from the copper furnace, saying, Listen to my voice and you shall do them as all that I command you, and you will be my people and I will be to you as the Gods. [§]
asher tziviti et-avoteikhem be-yom hotzi'i otam me-eretz-mitzrayim mikur habarbezel lemor shimu be-koli ve-asitem otam ke-kol asher-atzaveh etchem vi-hi-ttem li le-am ve-anokhi ehyeh lakhem le-Elohim.
'asher' means 'which/that', 'tziviti' means 'I commanded', 'et-avoteikhem' means 'your fathers', 'be-yom' means 'on the day', 'hotzi'i' means 'I brought out', 'otam' means 'them', 'me-eretz-mitzrayim' means 'from the land of Egypt', 'mikur' means 'from the furnace', 'habarbezel' means 'of copper', 'lemor' means 'to say', 'shimu' means 'listen', 'be-koli' means 'to my voice', 've-asitem' means 'and you shall do', 'otam' means 'them', 'ke-kol' means 'as all', 'asher-atzaveh' means 'that I command', 'etchem' means 'you', 'vi-hi-ttem' means 'and you will be', 'li' means 'to me', 'le-am' means 'a people', 've-anokhi' means 'and I', 'ehyeh' means 'will be', 'lakhem' means 'to you', 'le-Elohim' means 'to the Gods'.
[JER.11.5] For the purpose of establishing the oath which I swore to your ancestors to give them a land flowing with milk and honey as this day, and I will answer and say, Amen Yahveh. [§]
lemaan haqim et hash'vuah asher nishba'ti la'avoteikhem latet lahem eretz zavat chalav u'devash kayom hazeh va'anan va'ummar amen Yahveh.
'lemaan' means 'for the sake of', 'haqim' means 'to establish', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'hash'vuah' means 'the oath', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'nishba'ti' means 'I swore', 'la'avoteikhem' means 'to your ancestors', 'latet' means 'to give', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'eretz' means 'land', 'zavat' means 'flowing', 'chalav' means 'milk', 'u'devash' means 'and honey', 'kayom' means 'as the day', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'va'anan' means 'and I will answer', 'va'ummar' means 'and I will say', 'amen' means 'so be it', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.11.6] Yahveh said to me, Call all these words in the cities of Judah and in the outskirts of Jerusalem, saying, Listen to the words of this covenant and do them. [§]
Vayomer Yahveh elay kera et kol hadvarim haeleh bearei Yehudah uvechutsot Yerushalayim leemor shimu et divrei habrit hazot veasitem otam.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'elay' means 'to me', 'kera' means 'call', 'et' is a particle marking the direct object, 'kol' means 'all', 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'haeleh' means 'these', 'bearei' means 'in the cities', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'uvechutsot' means 'and in the outskirts', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'leemor' means 'to say', 'shimu' means 'listen', 'divrei' means 'words of', 'habrit' means 'the covenant', 'hazot' means 'this', 'veasitem' means 'and you shall do', 'otam' means 'them'.
[JER.11.7] Because the witness that I testified in your fathers on the day I raised them from the land of Egypt until this day the wakeful and the witness to say, Hear in my voice. [§]
Ki ha'ed ha'idoti ba'avoteichem beyom ha'aloti otam mei'eretz Mitzrayim ve'ad-hayam hazeh hashkem veha'ed le'emor shimu be'koli.
'Ki' means 'because', 'ha'ed' means 'the witness', 'ha'idoti' means 'that I testified', 'ba'avoteichem' means 'in your fathers', 'beyom' means 'on the day', 'ha'aloti' means 'that I raised/upraised', 'otam' means 'them', 'mei'eretz' means 'from the land of', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 've'ad' means 'and until', 'hayam' means 'the day', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'hashkem' is a form of the verb meaning 'to rise early' therefore 'the early-rising one' or 'the wakeful', 'veha'ed' means 'and the witness', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'shimu' means 'hear', 'be'koli' means 'in my voice' (my voice).
[JER.11.8] And they did not listen, nor turn their ears; they each went in the perverseness of their hearts, the evil, and I brought upon them all the words of this covenant which I commanded to be done, and they did not do [it]. [§]
ve lo shamu ve lo hitu et aznam vayelchu ish bishrirut libam ha ra va avii aleihem et kol divrei habrit hazot asher tziviti laasot ve lo asu.
've lo' means 'and not', 'shamu' means 'they heard/listened', 've lo' again 'and not', 'hitu' means 'they turned', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'aznam' means 'their ears', 'vayelchu' means 'they went', 'ish' means 'each', 'bishrirut' means 'in perverseness', 'libam' means 'their heart', 'ha ra' means 'the evil', 'va avii' means 'and I brought', 'aleihem' means 'upon them', 'et kol' means 'all', 'divrei' means 'words of', 'habrit' means 'the covenant', 'hazot' means 'this', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'tziviti' means 'I commanded', 'laasot' means 'to do', 've lo' means 'and not', 'asu' means 'they did'.
[JER.11.9] And Yahveh said to me, a report has been found in a man of Judah and among the inhabitants of Jerusalem. [§]
Vayomer Yahveh elai nimtsa‑kesher be'ish Yehudah u'veyoshvei Yerushalayim.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'nimtsa‑kesher' means 'a report (kesher) has been found (nimtsa)', 'be'ish' means 'in a man', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'u'veyoshvei' means 'and among the dwellers/inhabitants', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem'.
[JER.11.10] Return upon the sins of their first ancestors who did not listen to my words, and they went after other the Gods to serve them; they broke the house of Israel and the house of Judah the covenant which I made with their ancestors. [§]
Shavu al avonot avotam harishonim asher meanu lishmoa et devarai vehemma halchu acharei elohim acherim leavadam heferu beit Yisrael ubeit Yehudah et beriti asher karati et avotam.
'Shavu' means 'return', 'al' means 'upon', 'avonot' means 'sins', 'avotam' means 'their ancestors', 'harishonim' means 'the first', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'meanu' means 'did not', 'lishmoa' means 'listen', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'devarai' means 'my words', 'vehemma' means 'and they', 'halchu' means 'went', 'acharei' means 'after', 'elohim' means 'the Gods' (plural of God), 'acherim' means 'other', 'leavadam' means 'to serve them', 'heferu' means 'they broke', 'beit' means 'house of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'ubeit' means 'and house of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'et' (again) direct object marker, 'beriti' means 'my covenant', 'asher' means 'which', 'karati' means 'I made', 'et' direct object marker, 'avotam' means 'their ancestors'.
[JER.11.11] Therefore thus says Yahveh: Behold, I am bringing disaster on them that they cannot escape from, and they will cry to me, but I will not hear them. [§]
Lachen ke amar Yahveh hineni mevi aleihem raah asher lo yuchlu latzet mimena vezaaku elai velo eshma aleihem.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ke' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'mevi' means 'bringing', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'raah' means 'evil' or 'disaster', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo' means 'not', 'yuchlu' means 'they can', 'latzet' means 'to go out', 'mimena' means 'from it', 'vezaaku' means 'and they will cry', 'elai' means 'to me', 'velo' means 'and not', 'eshma' means 'I will hear', 'aleihem' means 'to them'.
[JER.11.12] And they went the cities of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and they shouted to the Gods who they are sacrificing for, and Hoshea will not save them in the time of their trouble. [§]
vehalchu arei Yehudah ve-yoshvei Yerushalayim ve-za'aku el haElohim asher hem mekat'rim lahem ve-Hoshea lo-yoshiyu lahem be'et ra'atatam.
'vehalchu' means 'and they went', 'arei Yehudah' means 'the cities of Judah', 've-yoshvei Yerushalayim' means 'and the inhabitants of Jerusalem', 've-za'aku' means 'and they shouted/cried out', 'el haElohim' means 'to the Gods' (Elohim translated as 'the Gods'), 'asher' means 'who/that', 'hem' means 'they', 'mekat'rim' means 'are sacrificing/offering', 'lahem' means 'to them', 've-Hoshea' means 'and Hoshea (the prophet)', 'lo-yoshiyu' means 'will not save', 'lahem' means 'them', 'be'et' means 'in the time', 'ra'atatam' means 'of their trouble/evil'.
[JER.11.13] Because the number of your cities were your Gods Judah, and the number of the quarters of Jerusalem you placed altars for the shameful altars to cut for Baal. [§]
Ki mispar arekha hayu eloheikha Yehudah u-mispar chutzot Yerushalam samtem mizbechot la'boshet mizbechot lekatter labbaal.
'Ki' means 'because', 'mispar' means 'number', 'arekha' means 'your cities', 'hayu' means 'were', 'eloheikha' means 'your the Gods' (the plural term for God), 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'u-mispar' means 'and the number', 'chutzot' means 'quarters', 'Yerushalam' means 'Jerusalem', 'samtem' means 'you set' or 'you placed', 'mizbechot' means 'altars', 'la'boshet' means 'for the shameful' (or 'for what is profane'), 'mizbechot' again means 'altars', 'lekatter' means 'to cut' or 'for cutting', and 'labbaal' means 'to Baal' (the deity Baal).
[JER.11.14] And you shall not pray on behalf of this people, and do not lift up a song and prayer on their behalf, for I am not listening when they call to me because of their evil. [§]
ve'atah al-titpallel be'ad ha'am hazeh ve'al tisa ba'adam rinnah u'tefillah ki eineni shomea be'et karam elai be'ad ra'atam.
've'atah' means 'and you', 'al-titpallel' means 'do not pray', 'be'ad ha'am hazeh' means 'on behalf of this people', 've'al tisa' means 'and do not lift', 'ba'adam' means 'on their behalf', 'rinnah' means 'a song/cry', 'u'tefillah' means 'and a prayer', 'ki' means 'because', 'eineni' means 'I am not', 'shomea' means 'hearing/listening', 'be'et' means 'at the time', 'karam' means 'they called', 'elai' means 'to me', 'be'ad' means 'on behalf of', 'ra'atam' means 'their evil'.
[JER.11.15] What to my beloved in my house to make it, the gathering of the many, and holy flesh will pass over you, because my evil then you will rejoice. [§]
meh li didi beveiti asotah hamazimatah harabim uvasar kodesh yaavru mealaich ki raatechi az taalozi.
'meh' means 'what', 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me', 'didi' means 'my beloved', 'beveiti' means 'in my house', 'asotah' means 'to do it' or 'to make it', 'hamazimatah' means 'the gathering' or 'the assembly', 'harabim' means 'the many' or 'the multitude', 'uvasar' means 'and flesh', 'kodesh' means 'holy', 'yaavru' means 'they will pass', 'mealaich' means 'over you', 'ki' means 'because', 'raatechi' means 'my evil' or 'my wickedness', 'az' means 'then' or 'at that time', 'taalozi' means 'you will rejoice'.
[JER.11.16] A verdant olive, beautiful fruit of splendor, called Yahveh, your name to the voice of the great tumult, kindled fire upon it, and its vines burned. [§]
Zayit ra'anen yefe peri-to'ar kara Yahveh shmekh leqol hamulal gedolah hitsit esh aleya ve'rau daliyyotav.
'Zayit' means 'olive', 'ra'anen' means 'green' or 'verdant', 'yefe' means 'beautiful', 'peri-to'ar' means 'fruit of splendor' (fruit of beauty), 'kara' means 'called', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'shmekh' means 'your name', 'leqol' means 'to the voice', 'hamulal' means 'of the great tumult' (a loud sound), 'gedolah' means 'great', 'hitsit' means 'kindled', 'esh' means 'fire', 'aleyah' means 'upon it', 've'rau' means 'and they will burn', 'daliyyotav' means 'his vines' (the vines belonging to the one spoken of).
[JER.11.17] And Yahveh of Hosts, the planter, spoke evil against you because of the evil of the house of Israel and the house of Judah, which they have done to provoke me to cut off the Baal. [§]
veYahveh Tzevaot ha-notey'a otach diber alayich raah biglal raat beit-Yisrael uveit Yehudah asher asu lahem le-hakaseni le-katter la-ba'al.
'veYahveh' means 'and Yahveh', 'Tzevaot' means 'of Hosts', 'ha-notey'a' means 'the planter', 'otach' means 'you (feminine)', 'diber' means 'spoke', 'alayich' means 'against you', 'raah' means 'evil', 'biglal' means 'because of', 'raat' means 'the evil', 'beit-Yisrael' means 'house of Israel', 'uveit Yehudah' means 'and house of Judah', 'asher' means 'that', 'asu' means 'they did', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'le-hakaseni' means 'to provoke me', 'le-katter' means 'to cut off', 'la-ba'al' means 'the Baal'.
[JER.11.18] And Yahveh made known to me, and I came to know; then I saw their deeds. [§]
Vayehovah hodiani vaedah az hirritani maalleihim.
'Vayehovah' means 'and Yahveh', 'hodiani' means 'made known to me', 'vaedah' means 'and I came to know', 'az' means 'then', 'hirritani' means 'I saw', 'maalleihim' means 'their deeds or works'.
[JER.11.19] And I, like a lamb and a young ram, will be led to the slaughter, and I do not realize that they have plotted against me; they have plotted thoughts, they have ruined a tree in its own field, and have cut it off from the land of the living, and its name will not be remembered again. [§]
Va'ani kecheves aluf yubal litvoach velo-yadati ki alai chashvu machashavot nashchita etz belachmo venikhrtenu me'eretz chayyim ushmo lo-yizaker od.
'Va'ani' means 'and I', 'kecheves' means 'like a lamb', 'aluf' means 'young ram', 'yubal' means 'will be led', 'litvoach' means 'to the slaughter', 'velo-yadati' means 'and I do not know', 'ki' means 'that', 'alai' means 'against me', 'chashvu' means 'they have plotted', 'machashavot' means 'thoughts', 'nashchita' means 'they have ruined', 'etz' means 'a tree', 'belachmo' means 'in its own field', 'venikhrtenu' means 'and have cut it off', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'chayyim' means 'of the living', 'ushmo' means 'and its name', 'lo-yizaker' means 'will not be remembered', 'od' means 'again'.
[JER.11.20] And Yahveh of hosts judges righteousness, examines kidneys and heart; I will see your vengeance against them, because I have poured out my dispute to you. [§]
vaYHWH Tzevaot shofet tzedek bochen kelayot va lev ereh nikmatekha mehem ki elaykha giliti et-rivi.
'vaYHWH' means 'and Yahveh', 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'shofet' means 'judges', 'tzedek' means 'righteousness', 'bochen' means 'examines', 'kelayot' means 'kidneys', 'va' means 'and', 'lev' means 'heart', 'ereh' means 'I will see', 'nikmatekha' means 'your vengeance', 'mehem' means 'against them', 'ki' means 'because', 'elaykha' means 'to you', 'giliti' means 'I have poured out', 'et-rivi' means 'my dispute'.
[JER.11.21] Therefore thus said Yahveh concerning the men of the tents who seek your soul, saying, 'Do not prophesy in the name of Yahveh and do not die in our hand.' [§]
Lachen koh amar Yahveh al anshei anotot ha-m'vakeshim et nafshkha le'emor lo tinave b'shem Yahveh ve'lo tamut b'yadenoo.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'koh amar' means 'thus said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'al' means 'concerning', 'anshei' means 'men of', 'anotot' is a form of 'tents' or 'dwelling places', 'ha-m'vakeshim' means 'those who seek', 'et nafshkha' means 'your soul', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'lo' means 'not', 'tinave' means 'you shall prophesy', 'b'shem' means 'in the name of', 'Yahveh' again for YHVH, 've'lo' means 'and not', 'tamut' means 'you shall die', 'b'yadenoo' means 'in our hand'.
[JER.11.22] Therefore thus says Yahveh of Hosts, Behold, I will punish them; the youths will die by the sword, their sons and their daughters will die by famine. [§]
Lachen ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot hineni poked aleihem habachurim yamutu bakherev beneyhem uvenotehem yamutu barav.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'of Hosts', 'hineni' means 'behold' or 'here I am', 'poked' means 'I will punish' or 'I will appoint', 'al'eihem' means 'upon them', 'habachurim' means 'the youths', 'yamutu' means 'will die', 'bakherev' means 'by the sword', 'beneyhem' means 'their sons', 'uvenotehem' means 'and their daughters', 'barav' means 'by famine'.
[JER.11.23] And the remnant shall not be for them, for I will bring disaster upon the men of afflictions in the year of their service. [§]
Ushaerit lo tiheyeh lahem ki-avi raah el-anshei anatot shenat pekudatam.
'Ushaerit' means 'and the remnant', 'lo' means 'not', 'tiheyeh' means 'shall be', 'lahem' means 'for them', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'avi' means 'I will bring', 'raah' means 'evil' or 'disaster', 'el' means 'upon' (literally 'to'), 'anshei' means 'men of', 'anotot' (from the root 'anan') means 'troubles' or 'afflictions', 'shenat' means 'year of', and 'pekudatam' means 'their service' or 'their duty'.
JER.12
[JER.12.1] Righteous you Yahveh, because I will contend with you; only judgments I will speak to you, why has the way of the wicked prospered, let them be all the betrayers of beged. [§]
Tzaddik atah Yahveh ki ariv elekha ach mishpatim adaber otkha madua derekh reshaim tzalecha shalu kol-bogdei beged.
'Tzaddik' means 'righteous', 'atah' means 'you', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'ki' means 'because', 'ariv' means 'I will contend' or 'I will argue', 'elekha' means 'to you', 'ach' means 'only' or 'but', 'mishpatim' means 'judgments', 'adaber' means 'I will speak', 'otkha' means 'you' as an object, 'madua' means 'why', 'derekh' means 'way', 'reshaim' means 'of the wicked', 'tzalecha' means 'has prospered' or 'has succeeded', 'shalu' is an idiom meaning 'let them be' or 'they are removed', and 'kol-bogdei beged' means 'all the betrayers of beged (treason/infidelity)'.
[JER.12.2] You planted them, and their roots took hold; they will walk, and they have borne fruit; you are near in their mouths, and far from their tongues. [§]
netatam gam-shorashu yelchu gam-asu peri karov attah be-pi-hem ve-rachok mi-kilyotei-hem.
'netatam' means 'you planted them', 'gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'shorashu' means 'their roots', 'yelchu' means 'they will go' or 'they will walk', 'gam' again means 'also', 'asu' means 'they have done' or 'they have made', 'peri' means 'fruit', 'karov' means 'near', 'atah' means 'you', 'be-pi-hem' means 'in their mouths', 've-rachok' means 'and far', 'mi-kilyotei-hem' means 'from their tongues' or 'from their speech'.
[JER.12.3] And you Yahveh have known me; you will see me, and you have examined my heart with you, the one who raises up as a flock for slaughter, and you sanctify them for a day of killing. [§]
ve'atah Yahveh yedatani tireni uvachanata libi ittach hatikem ke-tzon le-tivcha ve-hakdishem le-yom ha-rega.
've'atah' means 'and you', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'yedatani' means 'you have known me', 'tireni' means 'you will see me', 'uvachanata' means 'and you have examined', 'libi' means 'my heart', 'ittach' means 'with you', 'hatikem' means 'the one who raises up' (or 'the avenger'), 'ke-tzon' means 'as a flock', 'le-tivcha' means 'for slaughter', 've-hakdishem' means 'and sanctify them', 'le-yom' means 'for a day', 'ha-rega' means 'of killing' or 'of slaughter'.
[JER.12.4] Until when will the earth be barren and the grass of all the field be dried up because of the evil of those who dwell in it? The beasts and the birds are perishing because they said, 'We will not see our end.' [§]
ad-matai te'ev ha'aretz ve'esev kol-hasadeh yivas me'ra'at yosvei-ba sefta vehemot va'of ki amru lo yireh et-acharitenu.
'ad-matai' means 'until when', 'te'ev' means 'will be barren', 'ha'aretz' means 'the earth', 've'esev' means 'and grass', 'kol-hasadeh' means 'of all the field', 'yivas' means 'will be dried up', 'me'ra'at' means 'because of the evil', 'yosvei-ba' means 'who dwell in it', 'sefta' means 'are perishing', 'vehemot' means 'the beasts', 'va'of' means 'and the birds', 'ki' means 'because', 'amru' means 'they said', 'lo' means 'not', 'yireh' means 'see', 'et-acharitenu' means 'our end'.
[JER.12.5] Because you have walked on the feet, and they humbled you; and how will you restrain the horses? In a land of peace you trust, and how will you act in the pride of the Jordan. [§]
Ki et raglim ratzta vayalu'cha ve'ech tetachareh et-hasusim uve'eretz shalom attah bote'ach ve'ech ta'aseh bi'gon haYarden.
'Ki' means 'because', 'et' is an accusative marker and is not translated, 'raglim' means 'feet', 'ratzta' means 'you have walked', 'vayalu'cha' means 'and they humbled you', 've'ech' means 'and how', 'tetachareh' means 'will you restrain', 'et-hasusim' means 'the horses', 'uve'eretz' means 'in the land', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'attah' means 'you', 'bote'ach' means 'trust', 've'ech' again means 'and how', 'ta'aseh' means 'will you do', 'bi'gon' means 'in the pride', 'haYarden' means 'the Jordan'.
[JER.12.6] Because also your brother and the house of your father also they betrayed you; also they called after you, full; do not trust them, because they will speak good things to you. [§]
ki gam-achekha uveyt avikha gam-hemmah bagdu bakh gam-hemmah karu acharekha male al-ta'amen bam ki-yedabbru eilekha tovot
'ki' means 'because', 'gam-achekha' means 'also your brother', 'uveyt avikha' means 'and the house of your father', 'gam-hemmah' means 'also they', 'bagdu bakh' means 'betrayed you', 'gam-hemmah karu acharekha' means 'also they called after you', 'male' means 'full', 'al-ta'amen bam' means 'do not trust them', 'ki-yedabbru eilekha tovot' means 'because they will speak good things to you'.
[JER.12.7] I abandoned my house, I forsook my inheritance, I gave the frailty of my soul into the palm of its enemies. [§]
azavti et-beti natashti et-nachalti natati et-yedidut nafshi bekaf oyveha.
'azavti' means 'I have left/abandoned', 'et-beti' means 'my house' (with the direct object marker et), 'natashti' means 'I have forsaken', 'et-nachalti' means 'my inheritance', 'natati' means 'I have given', 'et-yedidut' means 'the frailty/weakness', 'nafshi' means 'my soul', 'bekaf' means 'in the palm/hand', 'oyveha' means 'her enemies'.
[JER.12.8] It was my inheritance, like a lion in the forest; she gave upon me with her voice; therefore I hated her. [§]
Hayetah-li nachalati ke'aryeh ba-ya'ar natnah alai beqolah al-ken s'netihah.
'Hayetah-li' means 'it was to me', 'nachalati' means 'my inheritance', 'ke'aryeh' means 'like a lion', 'ba-ya'ar' means 'in the forest', 'natnah' means 'she gave', 'alai' means 'upon me', 'beqolah' means 'with her voice', 'al-ken' means 'therefore', 's'netihah' means 'I hated her'.
[JER.12.9] The thorn, spotted, is my inheritance; the thorn is all around it. Go, gather all the beasts of the field; they shall become food. [§]
ha'ayit tzevu'a nachalati li ha'ayit saviv aleha lechu isfu kol-chayat hasade hetiyu le'achla.
'ha'ayit' means 'the thorn', 'tzevu'a' means 'colored' or 'spotted', 'nachalati' means 'my inheritance' (literally 'my portion'), 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me', the second 'ha'ayit' again means 'the thorn', 'saviv' means 'around' or 'surrounding', 'aleha' means 'upon it' (referring to the thorn), 'lechu' is the plural imperative of 'go', 'isfu' is the plural imperative of 'gather', 'kol-chayat' means 'all the living' or 'all the beasts', 'hasade' means 'the field', 'hetiyu' means 'they shall become' or 'they will be', and 'le'achla' means 'for eating' or 'as food'.
[JER.12.10] Many shepherds have ruined my vineyard, they trampled my portion; they gave the portion of my desire to a desert wilderness. [§]
roim rabbim shichatu karmi bosu et chelkat i natnu et chelkat chemdati lemidbar shmemah
'roim' means 'shepherds', 'rabbim' means 'many', 'shichatu' means 'have ruined', 'karmi' means 'my vineyard', 'bosu' means 'they trampled', 'et' is the direct‑object marker (not rendered in English), 'chelkat i' means 'my portion', 'natnu' means 'they gave', 'chelkat' means 'the portion of', 'chemdati' means 'my desire', 'lemidbar' means 'to the desert', 'shmemah' means 'wilderness' or 'desolation'.
[JER.12.11] She has cast herself for desolation, shame upon me, we are ashamed, all the earth, because there is no man who sets his heart. [§]
samah lishmemah avlah alai shmemah nashamah kol haaretz ki ein ish sam al lev.
'samah' means 'has cast', 'lishmemah' means 'to desolation', 'avlah' means 'shame', 'alai' means 'upon me', 'shmemah' means 'shame', 'nashamah' means 'we shall be ashamed', 'kol' means 'all', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'ki' means 'because', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'ish' means 'a man', 'sam' means 'who sets', 'al' means 'upon', 'lev' means 'heart'.
[JER.12.12] Upon all waters in the desert came plunderers, because the sword of Yahveh devours from the end of the earth to the end of the earth; there is no peace for all flesh. [§]
Al kol shefayim ba-midbar ba'u soddim ki cherev Yahveh okhlah mikzeh eretz ve'ad kzeh haaretz ein shalom lechol basar.
'Al' means 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'shefayim' means 'waters', 'ba-midbar' means 'in the desert', 'ba'u' means 'they came', 'soddim' means 'plunderers', 'ki' means 'because', 'cherev' means 'sword', 'Yahveh' means the divine name YHVH, 'okhlah' means 'eats' or 'devours', 'mikzeh' means 'from the end', 'eretz' means 'earth', 've'ad' means 'and up to', 'kzeh' means 'the end', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'ein' means 'there is no', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'lechol' means 'for all', 'basar' means 'flesh'.
[JER.12.13] They sow wheat and harvest, they cut off, they receive nothing, they will not rise, and they are ashamed of your harvest because of the anger of Yahveh. [§]
Zaru chit tim veqtzim katsaru nehl lo yo'lu u'boshu mitbuaoteichem me'charon af-Yahveh.
'Zaru' means 'they sow', 'chit tim' means 'wheat', 'veqtzim' means 'and harvests/ears of grain', 'katsaru' means 'they cut off', 'nehl' (from 'nechlu') means 'they inherit/receive', 'lo' means 'not', 'yo'lu' means 'they will rise/ascend', 'u'boshu' means 'and they will be ashamed', 'mitbuaoteichem' means 'your produce/harvests', 'me'charon' means 'from hostility or anger', 'af' means 'indeed' or 'also', and 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.12.14] Thus says Yahveh against all my neighbors the wicked who touch the inheritance which I have allotted to my people Israel: Behold, I will leave them over their land, and I will cause the house of Judah to be removed from among them. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh al kol shekenei haraim hanogaim banachala asher hinchalti et ami et Yisrael hineni notesham me'al admatam ve'et bet Yehudah etosh mitocham.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'al' means 'against' or 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'shekenei' means 'my neighbors', 'haraim' means 'the wicked', 'hanogaim' means 'who touch', 'banachala' means 'in the inheritance', 'asher' means 'which', 'hinchalti' means 'I have allotted', 'et' is an object marker (not translated), 'ami' means 'my people', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hineni' means 'Behold, I am', 'notesham' means 'I will leave them' (or 'I will cast them out'), 'me'al' means 'over' or 'from over', 'admatam' means 'their land', 've'et' means 'and (object marker)', 'bet' means 'house', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'etosh' means 'I will cause to be removed', 'mitocham' means 'from among them'.
[JER.12.15] And it shall be after I have cast them out, I will return and have mercy on them, and I will bring back each man to his inheritance and each man to his land. [§]
v'heye acharei natshi otam ashuv ve'richamtiym va'ashivotim ish lenachalato v'ish le'arzo.
'v'heye' means 'and it shall be', 'acharei' means 'after', 'natshi' means 'I have cast out', 'otam' means 'them', 'ashuv' means 'I will return', 've'richamtiym' means 'and I will have mercy on them', 'va'ashivotim' means 'and I will bring back', 'ish' means 'each man', 'le'nachalato' means 'to his inheritance', 'v'ish' means 'and each man', 'le'arzo' means 'to his land'.
[JER.12.16] And it shall be, if they learn the ways of my people to feed in my name, the living Yahveh, as they taught my people to feed on Baal, and they will be built within my people. [§]
Ve-hayah im-lamod yilmedu et-darchi ami le-hishavea bi-shmi chai-Yahveh ka'asher limedu et-ami le-hishavea ba-Ba'al ve-nivnu be-toch ami.
'Ve' means 'and', 'hayah' means 'it shall be', 'im' means 'if', 'lamod' means 'they learn', 'yilmedu' means 'they will teach/teach themselves', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'darchi' means 'the ways of', 'ami' means 'my people', 'le-hishavea' means 'to satisfy/feed', 'bi-shmi' means 'in my name', 'chai-Yahveh' means 'the living Yahveh', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'limedu' means 'they taught', 'et' (again) direct object marker, 'ami' means 'my people', 'ba-Ba'al' means 'with Baal' or 'on Baal', 've-nivnu' means 'and they will be built', 'be-toch' means 'within', 'ami' means 'my people'.
[JER.12.17] And if they will not hear, I will abandon the nation that is left and I will destroy, declares Yahveh. [§]
Ve'im lo yishma'u ve'natash'ti et-hagoy hahu natosh ve'aved ne'um-Yahveh.
'Ve' means 'and', 'im' means 'if', 'lo' means 'not', 'yishma'u' means 'they will hear', 've' (again) means 'and', 'natash'ti' means 'I will abandon', 'et' is a direct object marker (not rendered in English), 'ha' means 'the', 'goy' means 'nation', 'ha' means 'that', 'natosh' means 'left' (as a participle), 've' means 'and', 'aved' means 'I will destroy', 'ne'um' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of the divine name YHVH.
JER.13
[JER.13.1] Thus says Yahveh to me, 'When you go, purchase for yourself a linen belt and put it on your hips, and you shall not bring it into the water.' [§]
Ko amar YHVH elai halokh vekanita lecha ezohr pistim vesamto al matnecha uvammayim lo teviehu.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'YHVH' means 'Yahveh', 'elai' means 'to me', 'halokh' means 'when you go', 'vekanita' means 'and you shall purchase', 'lecha' means 'for yourself', 'ezohr' means 'a belt', 'pistim' means 'of linen', 'vesamto' means 'and put it', 'al' means 'on', 'matnecha' means 'your hips', 'uvammayim' means 'in the water', 'lo' means 'not', 'teviehu' means 'you shall bring it'.
[JER.13.2] And I bought the belt according to the word of Yahveh and I put it upon my waist. [§]
va ekne et ha ezor kidvar Yahveh va asim al matnai.
'va' means 'and', 'ekne' means 'I bought', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'ha' means 'the', 'ezor' means 'belt', 'kidvar' means 'according to the word of', 'Yahveh' is the divine name, 'va' means 'and', 'asim' means 'I put', 'al' means 'upon', 'matnai' means 'my waist'.
[JER.13.3] And the word of Yahveh came to me a second time, saying. [§]
Vayehi dvar-Yahveh elai shenit leomar.
'Vayehi' means 'and it came to be', 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'shenit' means 'second' or 'again', 'leomar' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.13.4] Take the belt that you bought that is on your loins, and arise, go out, and place it there in the cleft of the rock. [§]
Kach et ha-ezor asher kanita asher al matanecha vequm lech peratah ve-tamnehu sham bin'qiq ha-sala.
'Kach' means 'take', 'et' is the direct object marker (not rendered in English), 'ha-ezor' means 'the belt', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'kanita' means 'you bought', the second 'asher' again means 'that' or 'which', 'al' means 'on', 'matanecha' means 'your loins' (your waist), 'vequm' means 'and arise' or 'stand up', 'lech' means 'go', 'peratah' means 'out' or 'away', 've-tamnehu' means 'and place it', 'sham' means 'there', 'bin'qiq' means 'in the cleft' or 'crack', and 'ha-sala' means 'the rock'.
[JER.13.5] And I went and I concealed him in the open, as Yahveh commanded me. [§]
vaelech vaatmenhu bifrat kaasher tzivah Yahveh oti.
'vaelech' means 'and I went', 'vaatmenhu' means 'and I concealed him', 'bifrat' means 'in the open', 'kaasher' means 'as', 'tzivah' means 'commanded', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'oti' means 'me' or 'to me'.
[JER.13.6] And it was at the end of many days, and Yahveh said to me, 'Arise, go to Peratah and take from there the belt which I commanded you to place there.' [§]
Vayhi miketz yamim rabbim vayomer Yahveh elai kum lekh peratah ve-kach misham et ha-ezor asher tzivitkha le-tamno sham.
'Vayhi' means 'and it was', 'miketz' means 'end', 'yamim' means 'days', 'rabbim' means 'many', 'vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'kum' means 'arise', 'lekh' means 'go', 'peratah' is a place name (translated as is), 've-kach' means 'and take', 'misham' means 'from there', 'et ha-ezor' means 'the belt', 'asher' means 'which', 'tzivitkha' means 'I commanded you', 'le-tamno sham' means 'to place it there'.
[JER.13.7] And I went to Peratha, dug and took the belt from the place where I had hidden it; and behold the belt was ruined, it will not prosper at all. [§]
Va'elech peratah, va'echpor, va'ekach et ha'ezor min ha-makom asher temantiv shamah, ve'hineh nishchat ha'ezor lo yitzlach lakol.
'Va'elech' means 'and I went', 'peratah' is a place name (Peratha), 'va'echpor' means 'and I dug', 'va'ekach' means 'and I took', 'et ha'ezor' means 'the belt', 'min ha-makom' means 'from the place', 'asher temantiv shamah' means 'that I had hidden there', 've'hineh' means 'and behold', 'nishchat' means 'was ruined', 'ha'ezor' again 'the belt', 'lo' means 'not', 'yitzlach' means 'will succeed' or 'will prosper', 'lakol' means 'at all' or 'for everything'.
[JER.13.8] And the word of Yahveh to me, saying. [§]
Vayehi devar Yahveh elai leemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was' or 'and it came to pass', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'leemor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.13.9] Thus says Yahveh: Thus I will destroy the pride of Judah and the pride of Jerusalem greatly. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh kacha ashchit et geon Yehudah ve et geon Yerushalayim harav.
'Koh' means 'thus' or 'so', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'kacha' means 'thus', 'ashchit' means 'I will destroy', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'geon' means 'pride', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 've' means 'and', the second 'et' is another direct‑object marker, the second 'geon' again means 'pride', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', and 'harav' means 'greatly' or 'exceedingly'.
[JER.13.10] This wicked, incorrigible people are unwilling to listen to my words, walking in the wickedness of their hearts, and they went after other the Gods to serve them and to worship them, and it shall be like a belt that will not succeed for anything. [§]
Ha'am hazeh hara ha-me'aním le'shmoa et-d'varai ha'holechim bi'shri'rut libam vayelechu acharei elohim acherim le'avdam u'lehishtachavot lahem vi'yi ke'ezor hazeh asher lo yitzlach lakol.
'Ha'am' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'hara' means 'evil' or 'wicked', 'ha-me'aním' means 'incorrigible' or 'stubborn', 'le'shmoa' means 'to hear', 'et-d'varai' means 'my words', 'ha'holechim' means 'walking', 'bi'shri'rut' means 'in wickedness', 'libam' means 'of their heart', 'vayelechu' means 'and they went', 'acharei' means 'after', 'elohim' means 'the Gods', 'acherim' means 'other', 'le'avdam' means 'to serve them', 'u'lehishtachavot' means 'and to worship/bow down to', 'lahem' means 'them', 'vi'yi' means 'and it shall be', 'ke'ezor' means 'like a belt', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo' means 'not', 'yitzlach' means 'will succeed/ prosper', 'lakol' means 'for all/everything'.
[JER.13.11] For as the belt sticks to a man's waist, so I have clung to myself all the house of Israel and all the house of Judah, says Yahveh, to be for me a people, a name, praise, and honor, but they did not hear. [§]
Ki ka'asher yidbak ha'ezor el-matnei-ish ken hidbaktiti elai et-kol-beit Yisrael ve'et-kol-beit Yehudah ne'um-Yahveh liheyot li le'am uleshem uletihila uletipaarat velo shamu.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'yidbak' means 'sticks' or 'adheres', 'ha'ezor' means 'the belt', 'el-matnei' means 'to the waist', 'ish' means 'a man', 'ken' means 'so', 'hidbaktiti' means 'I have adhered', 'elai' means 'to me', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 've'et' means 'and', 'kol' means 'all', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'liheyot' means 'to be', 'li' means 'for me', 'le'am' means 'a people', 'uleshem' means 'a name', 'uletihila' means 'praise', 'uletipaarat' means 'honor', 'velo' means 'but not', 'shamu' means 'they heard' (negative).
[JER.13.12] And you shall say to them, 'This thing: thus says Yahveh God of Israel, every winepress shall be filled with wine.' And they will say to you, 'How can we not know? because every winepress shall be filled with wine.' [§]
ve'amarta alehem et-hadavar hazeh s'kho amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael kol-nevel yimale yayin ve'amaru eilekha hayado lo neda ki kol-nevel yimale yayin.
've'amarta' means 'and you shall say', 'alehem' means 'to them', 'et-hadavar' means 'the thing' (direct object marker), 'hazeh' means 'this', 's'kho' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'kol-nevel' means 'every winepress', 'yimale' means 'shall be filled', 'yayin' means 'wine', 've'amaru' means 'and they will say', 'eilekha' means 'to you', 'hayado' means 'how can', 'lo neda' means 'we not know', 'ki' means 'because', and the clause repeats 'kol-nevel yimale yayin' as before.
[JER.13.13] And you shall say to them, thus says Yahveh: Behold, I am about to fill all the inhabitants of this land, and the kings who sit on David’s throne, and the priests, and the prophets, and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem, with tribute. [§]
ve'amarta alehem ko amar Yahveh hineni memalle et kol yoshvei haaretz hazot ve'et ha-melakhim ha-yoshvim leDavid al kiso ve'et ha-koheinim ve'et ha-nevi'im ve'et kol yoshvei Yerushalayim shicharon.
've'amarta' means 'and you shall say', 'alehem' means 'to them', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'hineni' means 'behold' or 'here I am', 'memalle' means 'I will fill', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'yoshvei' means 'inhabitants', 'haaretz' means 'the land', 'hazot' means 'this', 've'et' means 'and', 'ha-melakhim' means 'the kings', 'ha-yoshvim' means 'who sit', 'leDavid' means 'to David', 'al' means 'on', 'kiso' means 'his throne', 've'et' again 'and', 'ha-koheinim' means 'the priests', 've'et' again 'and', 'ha-nevi'im' means 'the prophets', 've'et' again 'and', 'kol yoshvei Yerushalayim' means 'all the inhabitants of Jerusalem', 'shicharon' is a Hebrew term meaning 'with tribute/pay' or 'as a payment'.
[JER.13.14] And I will scatter a man to his brother, and the fathers and the sons together, says Yahveh, I will not have mercy, nor will I spare, nor will I have compassion for them when I destroy them. [§]
ve'nifattsim ish el-achiv veha'avot vehabanim yachdav ne'um-Yahveh lo-echmol ve'lo-achus ve'lo arahem mehashchitam.
've'nifattsim' means 'and I will scatter', 'ish' means 'a man', 'el-achiv' means 'to his brother', 'veha'avot' means 'and the fathers', 'vehabanim' means 'and the sons', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'lo-echmol' means 'I will not have mercy', 've'lo-achus' means 'nor will I spare', 've'lo arahem' means 'nor will I have compassion for them', 'mehashchitam' means 'when I destroy them'.
[JER.13.15] Listen and hear, do not be haughty toward him, for Yahveh has spoken. [§]
Shimu vehaazinu al-tigbahu ki Yahveh diber.
'Shimu' means 'listen (imperative plural)', 'vehaazinu' means 'and hear (imperative plural)', 'al' is the prohibitive particle 'do not', 'tigbahu' comes from the root G-V-H meaning 'be proud, be haughty' with the suffix '-hu' referring to 'him', so 'tigbahu' means 'be proud of him' or 'be haughty toward him', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, and 'diber' means 'has spoken'.
[JER.13.16] Give Yahveh your the Gods glory before he is ashamed, and before your feet stumble upon the hills of breath, and you hoped for light and set it for death, he will set it for darkness. [§]
Tenu laYahveh Eloheichem kavod be-terem yachshich uve-terem yitnaggfu ragleichem al-harei nashef ve-kiyitteem leor ve-samah le-tzalmawet yeshit la'arafel.
'Tenu' means 'Give (imperative plural)'. 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh' (YHVH rendered as Yahveh). 'Eloheichem' means 'your the Gods' (Elohim rendered as the Gods). 'kavod' means 'glory' or 'honor'. 'be-terem' means 'before'. 'yachshich' means 'he will be ashamed'. 'uve-terem' means 'and before'. 'yitnaggfu' means 'they will stumble'. 'ragleichem' means 'your feet'. 'al-harei' means 'upon the hills of'. 'nashef' means 'breath' or 'wind'. 've-kiyitteem' means 'and you hoped'. 'leor' means 'for light'. 've-samah' means 'and set it'. 'le-tzalmawet' means 'for death'. 'yeshit' means 'he will set'. 'la'arafel' means 'to darkness'.
[JER.13.17] And if you do not hear it, in secret my soul will weep because of famine, and my tears will flow, and my eyes will shed tears, because the congregation of Yahveh is exhausted. [§]
ve'im lo tishma'uha be-mistarim tivke-hee nafshi mipnei gevah ve-damo tiddma ve-terad eyni dim'ah ki nishba eder Yahveh
've'im' means 'and if', 'lo' means 'not', 'tishma'uha' means 'you will hear it/her', 'be-mistarim' means 'in secret', 'tivke-hee' means 'my soul will weep', 'nafshi' means 'my soul', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'gevah' means 'hunger' or 'famine', 've-damo' means 'and my tears', 'tiddma' means 'will flow', 've-terad' means 'and will fall', 'eyni' means 'my eyes', 'dim'ah' means 'tears', 'ki' means 'because', 'nishba' means 'are exhausted' or 'are wearied', 'eder' means 'congregation', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.13.18] Speak to the king and to the chief: bring them down, sit down, for your heads have descended, the crown of your glory. [§]
Emor lam-melekh ve-lag'virah hashpilu shevu ki yarad mar'ashoteichem ateret tiferetkhem.
'Emor' means 'Speak' (imperative). 'lam-melekh' means 'to the king'. 've-lag'virah' means 'and to the chief' (the mighty one). 'hashpilu' means 'bring down' or 'let them be humbled'. 'shevu' means 'sit down' (imperative plural). 'ki' means 'for' or 'because'. 'yarad' means 'has descended' or 'has gone down'. 'mar'ashoteichem' means 'your heads' (plural). 'ateret' means 'crown'. 'tiferetkhem' means 'your glory' or 'your splendor'.
[JER.13.19] Cities of the south are shut and there is no opening the exile of Judah all the exile of Shlomim. [§]
arei hanegev sugru ve'ein potech hagelat Yehudah kullah hagelat shlomim.
'arei' means 'cities of', 'hanegev' means 'the south', 'sugru' means 'are shut/closed', 've'ein' means 'and there is not/none', 'potech' means 'opening', 'hagelat' means 'the exile of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'kullah' means 'all of it', 'hagelat' again means 'the exile of', 'shlomim' means 'Shlomim' (a proper name or plural of peace).
[JER.13.20] Lift your eyes and see the ones coming from the north; where is the herd given to you, sheep your adornment. [§]
Sei einikhem urei habbaim mitsapon aye haeder nattan-lakh tson tifartekh.
'Sei' means 'lift' (imperative feminine), 'einikhem' means 'your eyes', 'urei' means 'and see', 'habbaim' means 'the ones coming', 'mitsapon' means 'from the north', 'aye' means 'where', 'haeder' means 'the herd', 'nattan-lakh' means 'given to you', 'tson' means 'sheep', 'tifartekh' means 'your adornment' or 'your glory'.
[JER.13.21] What will you say, because he will decree upon you, and you taught them against you, champions for a head? Are not cords that will hold you like a newborn woman? [§]
Ma tomri ki yipkod alayich ve'at limadeti otam alayich alufim lerosha halo chavalim yoachezuch kemo eshet ledah.
'Ma' means 'what'. 'tomri' means 'you (feminine) will say'. 'ki' means 'because' or 'that'. 'yipkod' means 'he will count' or 'he will decree'. 'alayich' means 'upon you' (feminine). 've'at' means 'and you'. 'limadeti' means 'you taught' (feminine). 'otam' means 'them'. 'alayich' again means 'upon you'. 'alufim' means 'champions' or 'leaders'. 'lerosha' means 'for a head' or 'to the head'. 'halo' means 'is not' or 'aren't'. 'chavalim' means 'cords' or 'ropes'. 'yoachezuch' means 'will hold you'. 'kemo' means 'like'. 'eshet' means 'woman' or 'wife'. 'ledah' means 'a newborn' or 'a young woman'.
[JER.13.22] And if you say in your heart, 'Why did they call me these?' In the abundance of your sins they were revealed, your shame was crushed, your heels. [§]
Ve'chi tomri bilvavekh madua kera'uni elleh be'rov avonekh niglu shulayikh nechmesu akevayikh.
'Ve'chi' means 'and if'; 'tomri' means 'you (feminine) will say'; 'bilvavekh' means 'in your heart'; 'madua' means 'why'; 'kera'uni' means 'they called me'; 'elleh' means 'these'; 'be'rov' means 'in the multitude/greater amount'; 'avonekh' means 'your iniquities/sins'; 'niglu' means 'they were revealed/exposed'; 'shulayikh' means 'your shame'; 'nechmesu' means 'they were crushed'; 'akevayikh' means 'your heels'.
[JER.13.23] Will you turn the Cushite's skin and the leopard's sharpened weapons? Even you can improve the teachings of the wicked. [§]
hayahafokh Kushi oro ve namer chavarbeurotav gam-atem tukhlū leheitiv limudey hara.
'hayahafokh' means 'will you turn/alter', 'Kushi' means 'the Cushite (a person from Cush)', 'oro' means 'his skin', 've' means 'and', 'namer' means 'leopard', 'chavarbeurotav' means 'his sharpened weapons' (literally 'his sharpened iron'), 'gam-atem' means 'also you (plural)', 'tukhlū' means 'you can', 'leheitiv' means 'to make good/ improve', 'limudey' means 'the teachings/ instruction', 'hara' means 'the evil/ wicked'.
[JER.13.24] He will scatter them like a thistle that passes by the desert wind. [§]
vaafitshem keqash-oveer le-ruach midbar.
'vaafitshem' means 'and He will scatter them', 'ke' means 'like', 'qash' means 'thistle', 'oveer' means 'that passes', 'le-ruach' means 'by the wind', 'midbar' means 'of the desert'.
[JER.13.25] This is your lot, the portion of your portion, from me says Yahveh who you have forgotten me and you trusted in falsehood. [§]
zeh goralekha menat-middayikh me'iti ne'um Yahveh asher shachacht oti vativtechi bashaker
'zeh' means 'this', 'goralekha' means 'your lot', 'menat-middayikh' means 'the portion of your portion' (menat = portion, middayikh = your portion), 'me'iti' means 'from me', 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh' (Yahveh is the literal rendering of YHVH), 'asher' means 'who' or 'which', 'shachacht' means 'you forgot' (feminine singular), 'oti' means 'me', 'vativtechi' means 'and you trusted' (feminine singular), 'bashaker' means 'in falsehood' or 'in a lie'.
[JER.13.26] And also I have uncovered your veil over your face, and your veil will be seen. [§]
Ve-gam ani chasafeti shulayich al-panayich ve-nir'eh keloneich.
'Ve-gam' means 'and also', 'ani' means 'I', 'chasafeti' means 'have uncovered', 'shulayich' means 'your veil' (feminine singular), 'al-panayich' means 'over your face', 've-nir'eh' means 'and it will be seen', 'keloneich' means 'your veil' again.
[JER.13.27] Your shame and your filth, the stain of your prostitution, upon the hills in the field I saw your impurity. Woe to you, Jerusalem; you shall not be purified after what time still? [§]
niupayich umitshalotayich zimat zenuteich al-gevavot ba'sade raiti shikutzayich oy lach Yerushalayim lo tithari acharei matai od.
'niupayich' means 'your shame'; 'umitshalotayich' means 'and your filth'; 'zimat' means 'the stain of'; 'zenuteich' means 'your prostitution'; 'al-gevavot' means 'upon the hills'; 'ba'sade' means 'in the field'; 'raiti' means 'I saw'; 'shikutzayich' means 'your impurity' or 'your defilement'; 'oy' means 'woe'; 'lach' means 'to you'; 'Yerushalayim' is the name of the city Jerusalem; 'lo' means 'not'; 'tithari' means 'you will be purified'; 'acharei' means 'after'; 'matai' means 'when' or 'what time'; 'od' means 'still' or 'anymore'.
JER.14
[JER.14.1] Which was the word of Yahveh to Jeremiah concerning the nations. [§]
asher hayah devar-Yahveh el-Yirmeyahu al-divrei ha-batzarot.
'asher' means 'which', 'hayah' means 'was', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'al' means 'concerning', 'divrei' means 'the words of', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'batzarot' means 'nations'.
[JER.14.2] Judah has withered, and its gates are desolate, they have become barren to the earth, and the command of Jerusalem has risen. [§]
Abla Yehudah u'shearayha umlelu kaderu laaretz v'tzivchat Yerushalayim alatah.
'Abla' means 'withers' or 'has withered', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'u'shearayha' means 'and its gates', 'umlelu' means 'are desolate' or 'are mournful', 'kaderu' means 'have become barren' or 'have been cut down', 'laaretz' means 'to the earth', 'v'tzivchat' means 'and the command' (from the root for 'command'), 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'alatah' means 'has risen' or 'has gone up'.
[JER.14.3] And their nobles sent their youths to the water; they came upon the hills and did not find water; they turned back their vessels empty, they were ashamed and humbled and covered their heads. [§]
Ve'adireihem shalachu tzeireihem lamayim ba'u al-gevim lo matzu mayim shavu kelihem reikam bosh ve'hakhlmu ve'chapu rosham.
'Ve' means 'and', 'adir_eihem' means 'their nobles', 'shalachu' means 'they sent', 'tzeireihem' means 'their youths', 'lamayim' means 'to the water', 'ba\'u' means 'they came', 'al-gevim' means 'upon the hills', 'lo' means 'not', 'matzu' means 'they found', 'mayim' means 'water', 'shavu' means 'they turned back', 'keli\'hem' means 'their vessels', 'reikam' means 'empty', 'bosh\'u' means 'they were ashamed', 've''akhhlmu' means 'and they were humbled', 've''chapu' means 'and they covered', 'rosham' means 'their heads'.
[JER.14.4] Because the land is hot now, for there was no rain on the earth; the incense were ashamed and bowed their heads. [§]
ba'avur ha'adamah chatta ki lo hayah geshem ba'aretz boshu ikarim chafu rosham.
'ba'avur' means 'because of', 'ha'adamah' means 'the land', 'chatta' means 'now', 'ki' means 'because/for', 'lo hayah' means 'there was not', 'geshem' means 'rain', 'ba'aretz' means 'in the earth', 'boshu' means 'they were ashamed', 'ikarim' means 'incense', 'chafu' means 'they were humbled', 'rosham' means 'their heads'.
[JER.14.5] Because even a doe in the field gave birth and was barren, for there was no grass. [§]
Ki gam-ayelet ba-sadeh yalda ve'azov ki lo hayah deshe.
'Ki' means 'because', 'gam' means 'even', 'ayelet' means 'female goat' or 'doe', 'ba-sadeh' means 'in the field', 'yalda' means 'gave birth', 've'azov' means 'and was barren' (or 'and was left'), the second 'ki' again means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'hayah' means 'was', and 'deshe' means 'grass'.
[JER.14.6] And the foreigners stood upon the waters, they breathed wind like dragons, they covered their eyes because there was no grass. [§]
Upram amdu al-shefayim shafu ruach katanim kalu einayhem ki eyn esev.
'Upram' means 'and the foreigners', 'amdu' means 'stood', 'al-shefayim' means 'upon the waters', 'shafu' means 'they breathed', 'ruach' means 'wind', 'katanim' means 'like dragons', 'kalu' means 'they covered', 'einayhem' means 'their eyes', 'ki' means 'because', 'eyn' means 'there is not', 'esev' means 'grass'.
[JER.14.7] If our iniquities have answered us, Yahveh, act for the sake of your name, because our transgressions are many; we have sinned against you. [§]
Im avoneinu anu banu Yahveh aseh lema'an shemekha ki-rabu meshuboteinu lekha chataenu.
'Im' means 'if', 'avoneinu' means 'our iniquities' or 'our sins', 'anu' means 'have answered', 'banu' means 'us', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'aseh' means 'do' or 'act', 'lema'an' means 'for the sake of', 'shemekha' means 'your name', 'ki' means 'because', 'rabu' means 'are many', 'meshuboteinu' means 'our transgressions', 'lekha' means 'against you' or 'to you', 'chataenu' means 'we have sinned'.
[JER.14.8] Hope of Israel, his savior, in a time of distress—why will you be like a foreigner in the land and like a traveler turned toward darkness? [§]
Mikve Yisrael moshio be'et tzara lama tihyeh ke'ger ba'aretz u'kore'ach natah lalun.
'Mikve' means 'hope', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'moshio' means 'his savior', 'be'et' means 'in the time of', 'tzara' means 'distress' or 'trouble', 'lama' means 'why', 'tihyeh' means 'will you be', 'ke'ger' means 'like a stranger/foreigner', 'ba'aretz' means 'in the land', 'u'kore'ach' means 'and like a traveler', 'natah' means 'turned' or 'bent', 'lalun' means 'toward darkness' or 'into night'.
[JER.14.9] Why will you be like a stubborn man, like a warrior who cannot save, and you, among us, Yahveh, and your name is called upon us, do not abandon us. [§]
Lama tihyeh ke'ish nidham ke-gibor lo yukhal lehoshia ve'atah be'kirevnu Yahveh ve'shimkha aleinu nikra al-tanichenu.
'Lama' means 'why', 'tihyeh' means 'will you be', 'ke'ish' means 'as a man', 'nidham' means 'defiant' or 'stubborn', 'ke-gibor' means 'like a warrior', 'lo yukhal' means 'cannot' or 'is not able to', 'lehoshia' means 'to save', 've'atah' means 'and you', 'be'kirevnu' means 'among us' or 'in our midst', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 've'shimkha' means 'and your name', 'aleinu' means 'upon us' or 'over us', 'nikra' means 'is called' or 'is named', 'al-tanichenu' means 'do not abandon us' (literally 'do not leave us').
[JER.14.10] Thus says Yahveh to this people: As they have loved to loosen their feet they have not restrained them, and Yahveh has not pleased them; now he will remember their iniquity and he will punish their sin. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh la'am hazeh ken ahavu lanu'a ragleihem lo chasaku v'Yahveh lo ratzam atah yizkor avonam v'yipkod chatotam.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'la'am hazeh' means 'to this people', 'ken' means 'as', 'ahavu' means 'they loved', 'lanu'a' means 'to loosen' or 'to make loose', 'ragleihem' means 'their feet', 'lo' means 'not', 'chasaku' means 'they restrained', 'v'Yahveh' means 'and Yahveh', 'lo ratzam' means 'did not please them', 'atah' means 'now', 'yizkor' means 'he will remember', 'avonam' means 'their iniquity', 'v'yipkod' means 'and he will punish', 'chatotam' means 'their sin'.
[JER.14.11] And Yahveh said to me, Do not pray on behalf of this people for good. [§]
Vayomer Yahveh elai al-titpallel be'ad ha'am hazeh le-tova.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Yahveh' is the rendering of the divine name YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'al-titpallel' means 'do not pray', 'be'ad' means 'on behalf of', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'le-tova' means 'for good'.
[JER.14.12] For they have risen, I do not hear their shout, and when they bring a burnt offering and a grain offering I am not pleased with them, because with sword, famine, and pestilence I will strike them down. [§]
Ki yatzumu eineni shomea el-rinatam ve-ki yaalu olah u-minchah eineni rotzam ki ba-cherev u-va-raav u-va-dever anochi makhalle otam.
'Ki' means 'for', 'yatzumu' means 'they have risen' or 'they have gathered', 'eineni' means 'I am not' or 'I do not', 'shomea' means 'hear', 'el' means 'to', 'rinatam' means 'their shout' or 'their cry', 've-ki' means 'and that' or 'and when', 'yaalu' means 'they bring up' or 'they offer', 'olah' means 'burnt offering', 'u-minchah' means 'and a grain offering', 'eineni' again means 'I am not', 'rotzam' means 'pleased with them', 'ki' means 'because', 'ba-cherev' means 'with the sword', 'u-va-raav' means 'and with famine', 'u-va-dever' means 'and with pestilence', 'anochi' means 'I', 'makhalle' means 'will strike down' or 'will crush', 'otam' means 'them'.
[JER.14.13] And I said Ah! my Lord Yahveh, behold the prophets are saying to them: you will not see sword and you will not have famine, for I will give you true peace in this place. [§]
Va'omar ahah Adonai Yahveh hineh han'vi'im om'rim lahem lo-tir'u cherav ve'ra'av lo-yiheyeh lachem ki-shalom emet eten lachem ba-makom hazeh.
'Va'omar' means 'and I said', 'ahah' is an exclamation like 'ah', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'hineh' means 'behold', 'han'vi'im' means 'the prophets', 'om'rim' means 'are saying', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'lo-tir'u' means 'you will not see', 'cherav' means 'sword', 've'ra'av' means 'and famine', 'lo-yiheyeh' means 'there will not be', 'lachem' means 'to you (plural)', 'ki-shalom' means 'for peace', 'emet' means 'true', 'eten' means 'I will give', 'ba-makom' means 'in the place', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.14.14] And Yahveh said to me, false are the prophets who prophesy in my name; I did not send them, nor did I command them, nor did I speak to them; a false vision and sorcery and divination and enchantments of their hearts—these are the ones prophesying to you. [§]
Vayomer Yahveh elai sheker ha-nevi'im niva'im bis'mi lo shelachtim velo tzivitim velo dibarti alehem chazon sheker ve'kesem ve'elul ve'tarmot livam hemma mitnabei'im lachem.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'sheker' means 'false', 'ha-nevi'im' means 'the prophets', 'niva'im' means 'prophesy', 'bis'mi' means 'in my name', 'lo' means 'not', 'shelachtim' means 'I sent them', 'velo' means 'nor', 'tzivitim' means 'I commanded them', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'alehem' means 'to them', 'chazon' means 'vision', 'kesem' means 'sorcery', 'elul' means 'divination', 'tarmot' means 'enchantments', 'livam' means 'their hearts', 'hemma' means 'they', 'mitnabei'im' means 'prophecy' or 'prophets', 'lachem' means 'to you'. The divine name YHVH is rendered as 'Yahveh' per the given rule.
[JER.14.15] Therefore thus says Yahveh concerning the prophets who prophesied in my name: I did not send them, and they say, 'Sword and famine will not be in this land; by sword and famine the prophets will be consumed.' [§]
Lachen ko amar Yahveh al hanviim hanviim bismi ve-ani lo shelachtim ve-hem omrim cherev ve-raav lo yihyeh baaretz hazot ba'cherev uvarav yatammu hanviim hane'emah.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'al' means 'concerning', 'hanviim' means 'the prophets', the second 'hanviim' repeats 'the prophets', 'bismi' means 'in my name', 've-ani' means 'and I', 'lo' means 'not', 'shelachtim' means 'I sent them', 've-hem' means 'and they', 'omrim' means 'say', 'cherev' means 'sword', 've-raav' means 'and famine', 'lo yihyeh' means 'will not be', 'baaretz' means 'in the land', 'hazot' means 'this', 'ba'cherev' means 'by sword', 'uvarav' means 'and famine', 'yatammu' means 'they will be consumed', 'hanviim hane'emah' means 'those prophets'.
[JER.14.16] And the people who they were prophesied to, will be cast away in the quarters of Jerusalem because of the famine and the sword, and there is no one to bury them; they are their women and their sons and their daughters, and I poured out upon them their calamity. [§]
veha'am asher-hem niv'im lahem yiheyu mushlakhim bechutzot yerushalayim mipnei ha'ra'av ve'ha'charav ve'ein mekaber lahem hem nesheihem u'vnehem u'vnothem ve'shafakhti aleihem et-ra'atam.
'veha'am' means 'and the people', 'asher-hem' means 'who they', 'niv'im' means 'were prophesied', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'yiheyu' means 'will be', 'mushlakhim' means 'cast away' or 'thrown', 'bechutzot' means 'in the quarters', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'ha'ra'av' means 'the famine', 've'ha'charav' means 'and the sword', 've'ein' means 'and there is no', 'mekaber' means 'burier' or 'one who buries', 'lahem' means 'for them', 'hem' means 'they', 'nesheihem' means 'their women', 'u'vnehem' means 'and their sons', 'u'vnothem' means 'and their daughters', 've'shafakhti' means 'and I poured out', 'aleihem' means 'upon them', 'et-ra'atam' means 'their evil' or 'their calamity'.
[JER.14.17] And you will say to them, This will go down: my eyes will weep night and day and do not fall asleep, because a great ruin has been broken, a virgin daughter of my people, a blow to the inheritance extremely. [§]
veamarta aleihem et-hadavar hazze teradna eynai dimah layla veyomam ve'al-tidmena ki shever gadol nishbera betulat bat-ami makka nachla meod.
'veamarta' means 'and you will say', 'aliehem' means 'to them', 'et-hadavar' means 'the matter' or 'the word', 'hazze' means 'this', 'teradna' means 'will go down', 'eynai' means 'my eye(s)', 'dimah' means 'tear(s)', 'layla' means 'night', 'veyomam' means 'and day', 've'al-tidmena' means 'and do not fall asleep', 'ki' means 'because', 'shever' means 'breaking' or 'ruin', 'gadol' means 'great', 'nishbera' means 'has been broken', 'betulat' means 'virgin', 'bat-ami' means 'daughter of my people', 'makka' means 'blow' or 'strike', 'nachla' means 'inheritance' or 'portion', 'meod' means 'very' or 'exceedingly'.
[JER.14.18] If I go out into the field, behold, the slain by the sword; and if I go into the city, behold, the distress of famine; for also the prophet and also the priest have fled to the land and they did not know. [§]
Im-yatza'ti ha-sadeh ve-hineh chollei-cherev ve-im ba'ti ha-ir ve-hineh tachaluei ra'av ki gam navi gam kohen sachru el eretz velo yada'u.
'Im' means 'if', 'yatza'ti' means 'I go out', 'ha-sadeh' means 'the field', 've-hineh' means 'and behold', 'chollei-cherev' means 'the slain by the sword', 've-im' means 'and if', 'ba'ti' means 'I go into', 'ha-ir' means 'the city', 'tachaluei' means 'the distress of famine', 'ra'av' means 'famine', 'ki' means 'for', 'gam' means 'also', 'navi' means 'prophet', 'kohen' means 'priest', 'sachru' means 'fled', 'el' means 'to', 'eretz' means 'the land', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yada'u' means 'they knew'.
[JER.14.19] You have become hateful, you have despised Judah, if [it is] in Zion your soul has burned, why have you struck us and there is no cure for us? Hope for peace and there is no good, and for a time of cure, and behold now. [§]
hamaos maasta et Yehudah im beTzion gaala nafsecha madua hiktanu veein lanu marpe kavveh leshalom veein tov uleet marpe vehineh beatah.
'hamaos' means 'you have become hateful', 'maasta' means 'you have despised', 'et' is the accusative marker 'the', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'im' means 'if', 'beTzion' means 'in Zion', 'gaala' means 'has burned', 'nafsecha' means 'your soul', 'madua' means 'why', 'hiktanu' means 'you struck us', 'veein' means 'and there is not', 'lanu' means 'for us', 'marpe' means 'cure', 'kavveh' means 'hope', 'leshalom' means 'for peace', 'veein' means 'and there is not', 'tov' means 'good', 'uleet' means 'for a time', 'marpe' means 'cure', 'vehineh' means 'and behold', 'beatah' means 'now'.
[JER.14.20] We have known Yahveh our iniquity, the sin of our fathers, because we have sinned against you. [§]
Yada'nu Yahveh rish'einu avon avoteinu ki chata'nu lach.
'Yada'nu' means 'we have known', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'rish'einu' means 'our iniquity', 'avon' means 'sin', 'avoteinu' means 'our fathers' or 'our ancestors', 'ki' means 'because', 'chata'nu' means 'we have sinned', and 'lach' means 'against you' (addressed to the Lord).
[JER.14.21] Do not despise for the sake of your name; do not scatter the throne of your glory; remember, do not break your covenant with us. [§]
al-tinnas lema'an shimkha al-tenavel kisse kavodkha zekher al-taper beritkha ittanu.
"al" means "do not", "tinnas" means "you will despise", "lema'an" means "for the sake of", "shimkha" means "your name", "al" (again) means "do not", "tenavel" means "you will scatter", "kisse" means "throne", "kavodkha" means "your glory", "zekher" means "remember", "al" (again) means "do not", "taper" means "you will break", "beritkha" means "your covenant", "ittanu" means "with us".
[JER.14.22] There is in the vanity of the nations the arrogant ones, and if the heavens will give abundance, is it not you, Yahveh, our God, that we hope for, because you have done all these things. [§]
Hayesh behablei ha-goyim magshimim ve-im ha-shamayim yittenu revavim halo attah-hu Yahveh Eloheinu u-nekeveh lecha ki attah asita et kol eleh.
'Hayesh' means 'there is', 'behablei' means 'in the vanity', 'ha-goyim' means 'of the nations', 'magshimim' means 'the arrogant ones', 've-im' means 'and if', 'ha-shamayim' means 'the heavens', 'yittenu' means 'they will give', 'revavim' means 'abundance', 'halo' means 'is not it', 'attah-hu' means 'you are He', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the Tetragrammaton YHVH, 'Eloheinu' means 'our God', 'u-nekeveh' means 'and we will hope', 'lecha' means 'for you', 'ki' means 'because', 'attah' means 'you', 'asita' means 'have done', 'et kol eleh' means 'all these things'.
JER.15
[JER.15.1] And Yahveh said to me, 'If Moses and Samuel stand before me, I have no desire toward this people; send them away from before me and they will go out.' [§]
Vayomer Yahveh elai im yaamod Moshe uShemu'el lefanai ein nafshi el haam hazeh shalach meal-pani veyetzeu.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'im' means 'if', 'yaamod' means 'stands', 'Moshe' is the name Moses, 'uShemu'el' means 'and Samuel', 'lefanai' means 'before me', 'ein' means 'there is not' or 'I have no', 'nafshi' means 'my desire/heart', 'el' means 'toward', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'shalach' means 'send away', 'meal-pani' means 'from before me', 'veyetzeu' means 'and they will go out'.
[JER.15.2] And it shall be when they say to you, Where shall we go? you shall say to them, Thus says Yahveh: that is to death, to death; and that is to the sword, to the sword; and that is to famine, to famine; and that is to captivity, to captivity. [§]
vehayah ki-yomru elaykha ana netsa veamarta aleihem koh amar Yahveh asher lamavet lamavet va-ashar lacherav lacherav va-ashar larav larav va-ashar lashvi lashvi.
've' means 'and', 'hayah' means 'it will be', 'ki' means 'when', 'yomru' means 'they say', 'elaykha' means 'to you', 'ana' means 'where', 'netsa' means 'shall we go', 'veamarta' means 'and you shall say', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'asher' means 'that which', 'lamavet' means 'to death', repeated for emphasis, 'va-ashar' means 'and that which', 'lacherav' means 'to the sword', repeated, 'larav' means 'to famine', repeated, 'lashvi' means 'to captivity', repeated.
[JER.15.3] And I will set a watch over them, four families, declares Yahveh: the sword for killing, the dogs for snatching away, the birds of the heavens and the beasts of the earth for eating and for destroying. [§]
Upakadti alehem arba mishpachot neum Yahveh et hacheret laharog ve-et haklavim lischov ve-et of hashmayim ve-et behemah haaretz le'echol u-lehashachit.
'Upakadti' means 'and I will set a watch over', 'alehem' means 'upon them', 'arba' means 'four', 'mishpachot' means 'families' or 'clans', 'neum' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH, 'et' is a direct‑object marker (no translation), 'hacheret' means 'the sword', 'laharog' means 'to kill', 've-et' means 'and', 'hanklavim' means 'the dogs', 'lischov' means 'to snatch away', 've-et' again means 'and', 'of' means 'the bird', 'hashmayim' means 'of the heavens', 've-et' again 'and', 'behemah' means 'the beast', 'haaretz' means 'of the earth', 'le'echol' means 'to eat', 'u-lehashachit' means 'and to destroy'.
[JER.15.4] And he set them as a snare to all the kingdoms of the earth because of Manasseh son of Hezekiah king of Judah, for what he had done in Jerusalem. [§]
U'nattilim le'zavaah le'kol mamlekhot ha'aretz biglal Menashe ben-Yechezqiyahu melek Yehudah al asher-asah birushalaim.
'U'nattilim' means 'and he set them', 'le'zavaah' means 'as a snare', 'le'kol' means 'to all', 'mamlekhot' means 'kingdoms', 'ha'aretz' means 'the earth', 'biglal' means 'because of', 'Menashe' is the name 'Manasseh', 'ben-Yechezqiyahu' means 'son of Hezekiah', 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'al' means 'for', 'asher-asah' means 'what he did', 'birushalaim' means 'in Jerusalem'.
[JER.15.5] For who will have compassion upon you, Jerusalem? And who will tremble for you? And who will turn away to ask for peace for you. [§]
Ki mi-yachmol alayich Yerushalayim u-mi yanud lakh u-mi yasur lish'ol leshalom lakh.
'Ki' means 'for', 'mi' means 'who', 'yachmol' means 'will have compassion', 'alayich' means 'upon you', 'Yerushalayim' is the proper name 'Jerusalem', 'u' means 'and', the second 'mi' again means 'who', 'yanud' means 'will shake' or 'will tremble', 'lakh' means 'to you', the third 'mi' means 'who', 'yasur' means 'will turn away' or 'will refuse', 'lish'ol' means 'to ask', 'leshalom' means 'for peace', and the final 'lakh' means 'to you'.
[JER.15.6] You abandoned me says Yahveh later you will go and I will lay my hand upon you and I will destroy you I am exhausted be comforted. [§]
At natashte oti ne'um-Yahveh achor telechi va'at et-yadi alayich va'ashchiteich nil'eti hinnahem.
'At' means 'you' (feminine singular), 'natashte' means 'abandoned', 'oti' means 'me', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'achor' means 'later', 'telechi' means 'you will go', 'va'at' means 'and I will lay/extend', 'et-yadi' means 'my hand', 'alayich' means 'upon you', 'va'ashchiteich' means 'and I will destroy you', 'nil'eti' means 'I am exhausted' or 'I have become', 'hinnahem' means 'be comforted'.
[JER.15.7] And I bound in a strap at the gates of the earth; I was deceived, I lost my people from their ways, they did not return. [§]
vaezrem bimzre bshaarei haaretz shikkalti ibbadti et ammi midarkhehem lo shavu.
'vaezrem' means 'and I bound', 'bimzre' means 'in a strap', 'bshaarei' means 'at the gates of', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'shikkalti' means 'I was deceived', 'ibbadti' means 'I lost', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'ammi' means 'my people', 'midarkhehem' means 'from their ways', 'lo' means 'not', 'shavu' means 'they returned'.
[JER.15.8] Strengthen for me his widows from the days of sickness; I brought to them against a mother a young plunderer in the noontimes. I caused her to fall suddenly, a city and its ruins. [§]
atzemu li almenotav mechol yammim heveti lahem al em bachur shoded batzohorayim hifalti aleha pitom ir uvehalot.
'atzemu' means 'strengthen', 'li' means 'for me', 'almenotav' means 'his widows', 'mechol' means 'from sickness', 'yammim' means 'days', 'heveti' means 'I brought', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'al' means 'upon' or 'against', 'em' means 'mother', 'bachur' means 'young man' or 'chosen one', 'shoded' means 'plunderer' or 'robber', 'batzohorayim' means 'in the noontimes', 'hifalti' means 'I caused to fall', 'aleha' means 'upon her', 'pitom' means 'suddenly', 'ir' means 'city', 'uvehalot' means 'and in the ruins'.
[JER.15.9] Cursed is the seventh-born who breathed out her soul, her sun has come while still day, she is shamed and digs, and I will give their remnant to the sword before their enemies, says Yahveh. [§]
Umlala yoledet ha'shiva nafcha nafshah ba'ah shimsah be'od yomam bosha vechafrah ushe'eritam la'cherev eten lifnei oyveihhem ne'um-Yahveh.
'Umlala' means 'cursed', 'yoledet' means 'the one who is born', 'ha'shiva' means 'the seventh', 'nafcha' means 'she breathed', 'nafshah' means 'her soul', 'ba'ah' means 'has come', 'shimsah' means 'her sun', 'be'od' means 'while still', 'yomam' means 'day', 'bosha' means 'shamed', 'vechafrah' means 'and digs', 'ushe'eritam' means 'their remnant', 'la'cherev' means 'to the sword', 'eten' means 'I will give', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'oyveihhem' means 'their enemies', 'ne'um' means 'says', and 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.15.10] Woe to me, my mother, for she bore me a man of strife and a man of wealth; for all the earth I have not married and none have been with me, all have cursed me. [§]
Oy-li imi ki yelidtani ish riv ve'ish madon lekhol haaretz lo-nashiti ve-lo nashu-bi kulloh mekalkaloni.
'Oy-li' means 'woe to me', 'imi' means 'my mother', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'yelidtani' means 'she gave birth to me', 'ish' means 'a man', 'riv' means 'strife' or 'conflict', 've' means 'and', 'madon' means 'rich' or 'wealthy', 'lekhol' means 'to all', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'lo-nashiti' means 'I have not married', 've' means 'and', 'lo' means 'not', 'nashu-bi' means 'they have been with me' (or 'they have taken me'), 'kulloh' means 'all', 'mekalkaloni' means 'cursed me'.
[JER.15.11] Yahveh says, 'If I have not made your service good, if I have not struck you in a time of evil and in a time of distress the enemy.' [§]
Amar Yahveh im lo sherutecha le tov im lo hifgati becha be'et raah uve'et tsarah et ha oyev.
'Amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'im lo' means 'if not', 'sherutecha' means 'your service' (from sherut 'service' + your), 'le tov' means 'for good', the second 'im lo' repeats 'if not', 'hifgati' means 'I struck' (from the verb pogea 'to strike'), 'becha' means 'in you', 'be'et raah' means 'at a time of evil', 'uve'et' means 'and at a time', 'tsarah' means 'of distress', 'et ha oyev' means 'the enemy' (with the direct object marker et).
[JER.15.12] The shining iron, iron of the north and bronze. [§]
Ha yar'o barzel barzel mitzafon u'nechoshet.
'Ha' means 'the', 'yar'o' means 'shining' or 'bright', 'barzel' means 'iron', repeated for emphasis, 'mitzafon' means 'north', 'u' means 'and', 'nechoshet' means 'bronze'.
[JER.15.13] Your army and your treasures I will cast into the fire, not with compassion, and in all your sins and in all your borders. [§]
Cheilcha ve'otzrotecha lavaz eten lo bimechir u'vechol-chatootecha u'vechol-gevulecha.
'Cheilcha' means 'your army', 've'otzrotecha' means 'and your treasures', 'lavaz' means 'into the fire', 'eten' means 'I will give/cast', 'lo' means 'not', 'bimechir' means 'with compassion', 'u'vechol-chatootecha' means 'and in all your sins', 'u'vechol-gevulecha' means 'and in all your borders'.
[JER.15.14] And I will bring your enemies into a land you do not know, because fire has burned in my anger, and it shall be scorched upon you. [§]
veha'avarti et oyveicha be'eretz lo yada'ta ki eish kadcha be'api aleichem tukad.
'veha'avarti' means 'and I will bring across', 'et' is the direct‑object marker with no English equivalent, 'oyveicha' means 'your enemies', 'be'eretz' means 'in a land', 'lo' means 'not', 'yada'ta' means 'you have known', 'ki' means 'because', 'eish' means 'fire', 'kadcha' means 'has burned', 'be'api' means 'in my anger', 'aleichem' means 'upon you (plural)', 'tukad' is a verb meaning 'shall be scorched' or 'shall be smoldering'. The phrase 'lo yada'ta' is idiomatic for 'you do not know' and is rendered here as a literal negative statement.
[JER.15.15] You have known Yahveh; remember me and keep watch over me, and I will take vengeance for me from my pursuers. Do not lengthen your anger against me. Know that I bear shame upon you as a mockery. [§]
Attah yadata Yahveh zachreni ufaqdeni vehinnakem li merodfai al-le'rekh afkha tikakheni da se'eti alekha cherpah.
'Attah' means 'you' (masc. singular), 'yadata' means 'you have known', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'zachreni' means 'remember me', 'ufaqdeni' means 'and keep watch over me', 'vehinnakem' means 'and I will take vengeance', 'li' means 'for me', 'merodfai' means 'from my pursuers', 'al-le'rekh' means 'do not lengthen', 'afkha' means 'your anger', 'tikakheni' means 'you will take me' or 'you will hold me', 'da' means 'know', 'se'eti' means 'my shame' or 'my burden', 'alekha' means 'upon you', 'cherpah' means 'mockery' or 'shame'.
[JER.15.16] Your words were found and I ate them; and your words became for me a delight and the joy of my heart, because your name is called upon me, Yahveh, the Gods of hosts. [§]
Nimtzeu d'vareikha va'ochlem vayehi d'verakha li lesason ulesimchat levavi ki nikra shimkha alai Yahveh Elohei Tzevaot.
'Nimtzeu' means 'were found', 'd'vareikha' means 'your words', 'va'ochlem' means 'and I ate them', 'vayehi' means 'and it became', 'd'verakha' means 'your words', 'li' means 'to me', 'lesason' means 'a delight', 'ulesimchat' means 'and the joy of', 'levavi' means 'my heart', 'ki' means 'because', 'nikra' means 'is called', 'shimkha' means 'your name', 'alai' means 'upon me', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohei' is the literal translation of Elohim as 'the Gods', 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (armies).
[JER.15.17] I have not sat in the secret of the revelers, and I was humbled because of your hand alone I sat, for wrath has filled me. [§]
Lo-yashavti ve-sod meshachakim va-e'loz mipenei yadecha badad yashavti ki-zaam mile'tani.
'Lo' means 'not', 'yashavti' means 'I sat', 've-sod' means 'in the secret of', 'meshachakim' means 'the revelers' or 'those who make merry', 'va-e'loz' means 'and I was humbled', 'mipenei' means 'because of the presence of', 'yadecha' means 'your hand', 'badad' means 'alone' or 'by itself', 'yashavti' again means 'I sat', 'ki' means 'because', 'zaam' means 'wrath', 'mile'tani' means 'filled me'.
[JER.15.18] Why was my pain everlasting, and my blow a mourning; from whom healing will be for me like bitter water that is not trusted. [§]
Lama haya ke'ev i netzach u-makkati anusha me'ana herape hayyo tihye li kemo akzav mayim lo ne'emanu.
'Lama' means 'why', 'haya' means 'was', 'ke'ev i' means 'my pain', 'netzach' means 'everlasting' or 'eternal', 'u-makkati' means 'and my blow', 'anusha' means 'a mourning' or 'grief', 'me'ana' means 'from where' or 'of it', 'herape' means 'heals' or 'will heal', 'hayyo' is a verb form meaning 'it will be', 'tihye' means 'you will be' but here functions as 'shall become', 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me', 'kemo' means 'like', 'akzav' means 'bitter' or 'deceptive', 'mayim' means 'water', 'lo' means 'not', 'ne'emanu' means 'trusted' or 'reliable'.
[JER.15.19] Therefore thus says Yahveh: If you turn back and I bring you back before Me, you will stand; but if you draw out the precious from the mire as you will become, they will return to you, and you will not turn back to them. [§]
Lachen koh-amr Yahveh im tashuv ve'ashivkha lefanai ta'amod ve'im totzi yakar mizolel kefi tihyeh yashuvu hemah elekha ve'ata lo-tashuv aleihem.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'koh-amr' means 'thus says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'im' means 'if', 'tashuv' means 'you turn back' or 'return', 've'ashivkha' means 'and I will bring you back' (from the root shuv 'return'), 'lefanai' means 'before Me', 'ta'amod' means 'you will stand', 've'im' means 'and if', 'totzi' means 'you bring out' or 'draw out', 'yakar' means 'precious' or 'valuable', 'mizolel' appears to be an idiom meaning 'from the mire' or 'from the filth', 'kefi' means 'as much as' or 'according to the measure of', 'tihyeh' means 'you will be', 'yashuvu' means 'they will return', 'hemah' means 'they', 'elekha' means 'to you', 've'ata' means 'and you', 'lo-tashuv' means 'will not turn back', 'aleihem' means 'to them'.
[JER.15.20] And I will give you to this people as a wall of iron in the fortress, and they will fight against you and they will not be able to you because I am with you to save you and to rescue you, declares Yahveh. [§]
U'natati'kha la'am hazeh lechomat nechoshet be-tzurah ve-nilchamu eilekha ve-lo yukhlu lakh ki itekha ani lehoshiacha ve-lehtzilekha ne'um Yahveh.
'U' means 'and', 'natati' means 'I will give', 'kha' means 'you', 'la'am' means 'to the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'lechomat' means 'for a wall', 'nechoshet' means 'of iron', 'be-tzurah' means 'in the fortress', 've-nilchamu' means 'and they will fight', 'eilekha' means 'against you', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yukhlu' means 'they will be able', 'lakh' means 'to you', 'ki' means 'because', 'itekha' means 'with you', 'ani' means 'I', 'lehoshiacha' means 'to save you', 've-lehtzilekha' means 'and to rescue you', 'ne'um' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.15.21] And he will save you from the hand of the wicked, and will redeem you from the grasp of the arrogant. [§]
ve-hitsallti-ka mi-yad ra-im u-fediti-ka mi-kaf aritzim.
've' means 'and', 'hitsallti' means 'will save', 'ka' means 'you', 'mi-yad' means 'from the hand of', 'raim' means 'wicked', 'u' means 'and', 'fediti' means 'will redeem', 'ka' means 'you', 'mi-kaf' means 'from the grasp of', 'aritzim' means 'the arrogant'.
JER.16
[JER.16.1] And the word of Yahveh to me, saying. [§]
Vayehi devar Yahveh elai leemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was' or 'and it came to pass', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'leemor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.16.2] You shall not take a wife for yourself, and you shall not have sons or daughters in this place. [§]
Lo tikach lecha isha velo yihyu lecha banim uvanot bamakom hazeh.
'Lo' means 'not', 'tikach' means 'you shall take', 'lecha' means 'for yourself', 'isha' means 'woman or wife', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yihyu' means 'they shall be', 'lecha' again means 'for you', 'banim' means 'sons', 'uvanot' means 'and daughters', 'bamacom' means 'in the place', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.16.3] For thus says Yahveh about the sons and the daughters born in this place, and about their mothers who bear them, and about their fathers who bring them forth in this land. [§]
ki ko amar Yahveh al ha banim ve al ha banot ha yillodim ba makom hazeh ve al imotam ha yoldot otam ve al avotam ha molidim otam ba eretz hazot.
'ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, 'al' means 'about' or 'concerning', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'banim' means 'sons' or 'children', 've' means 'and', 'banot' means 'daughters', 'ha yillodim' means 'the ones who are born', 'ba makom' means 'in the place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'imotam' means 'their mothers', 'ha yoldot' means 'the ones who bear', 'otam' means 'them', 'avotam' means 'their fathers', 'ha molidim' means 'the ones who bring forth', 'ba eretz' means 'in the land', 'hazot' means 'this'.
[JER.16.4] The dead of the wonders will die; they will not be lamented and they will not be buried; they will lie on the face of the ground. By the sword and by famine they will be consumed, and their waste will become food for the birds of the heavens and for the beasts of the earth. [§]
memotei tahaluim yamutu lo yisafdu velo yikaveru ledomen al-penei haadamah yihyu ubacherev ubaraav yiklu vehayetah nivlatam lemaakal leof hashamaim ulevhemot haaretz
'memotei' means 'the dead', 'tahaluim' means 'miraculous ones' or 'wonders', 'yamutu' means 'will die', 'lo' means 'not', 'yisafdu' means 'will be lamented', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yikaveru' means 'will be buried', 'ledomen' means 'to lie', 'al-penei' means 'on the face of', 'haadamah' means 'the ground', 'yihyu' means 'they will be', 'ubacherev' means 'by the sword', 'ubaraav' means 'by famine', 'yiklu' means 'will be consumed', 'vehayetah' means 'and it will become', 'nivlatam' means 'their waste', 'lemaakal' means 'for food', 'leof' means 'for the bird', 'hashamaim' means 'the heavens', 'ulevhemot' means 'for the beasts', 'haaretz' means 'the earth'.
[JER.16.5] For thus says Yahveh, do not enter the house of Marzeach, and do not go to weeping, and do not be angry with them, for I have gathered my peace from this people, says Yahveh, the kindness and the compassion. [§]
ki ko amar Yahveh al tavo beit marzeach ve al telekh lis pod ve al tanod lahem ki asapti et shlomi me et ha am hazeh ne um Yahveh et ha chesed ve et ha rachamim.
'ki ko' means 'for thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'al' means 'do not', 'tavo' means 'enter/go', 'beit' means 'house', 'marzeach' is a proper name, 've al' means 'and do not', 'telekh' means 'go', 'lis pod' means 'to weeping/mourning', 'tanod' means 'be angry', 'lahem' means 'with them', 'asapti' means 'I have gathered', 'et' is a particle introducing the object, 'shlomi' means 'my peace', 'me et' means 'from', 'ha am' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'ne um' means 'says', 'chesed' means 'kindness/lovingkindness', 'rachamim' means 'compassion/mercies'.
[JER.16.6] And the great ones and the small ones die in this land; they will not be buried, and they will not mourn for them, and they will not be increased, and they will not be cut off for them. [§]
u'metu gedolim u'katanim baaretz hazot lo yikaveru velo yispedu lahem velo yitgodad velo yikareach lahem.
'u'' means 'and', 'metu' means 'die', 'gedolim' means 'great ones', 'u'' means 'and', 'katanim' means 'small ones', 'baaretz' means 'in the land', 'hazot' means 'this', 'lo' means 'not', 'yikaveru' means 'they will be buried', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yispedu' means 'they will mourn', 'lahem' means 'for them', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yitgodad' means 'they will be increased', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yikareach' means 'they will be cut off', 'lahem' means 'for them'.
[JER.16.7] And they will not scatter to them over mourning for his consolation over the dead, and they will not give them a cup of consolation upon his father and upon his mother. [§]
Ve lo yifresu lahem al-avel le-nachamo al-met ve lo yashqu otam kos tanchumim al-aviv ve al-imo.
'Ve' means 'and', 'lo' means 'not', 'yifresu' means 'they will scatter', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'al-avel' means 'over mourning', 'le-nachamo' means 'for his consolation', 'al-met' means 'over the dead', 've' means 'and', 'lo' means 'not', 'yashqu' means 'they will give drink', 'otam' means 'them', 'kos' means 'cup', 'tanchumim' means 'of consolation', 'al-aviv' means 'upon his father', 've' means 'and', 'al-imo' means 'upon his mother'.
[JER.16.8] And you shall not go into the banquet house to sit with them to eat and drink. [§]
Uveit mishte lo tavo la-shevet otam le'ekhol ve-li'shtot.
'Uveit' means 'and the house', 'mishte' means 'of feast', 'lo' means 'not', 'tavo' means 'you shall go/come', 'la-shevet' means 'to sit', 'otam' means 'them', 'le'ekhol' means 'to eat', 've-li'shtot' means 'and to drink'.
[JER.16.9] For thus says Yahveh of hosts, God of Israel: Behold, I will bring forth from this place before your eyes and in your days a voice of gladness, and a voice of joy, a voice of a bridegroom, and a voice of a bride. [§]
Ki koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael hineni mashbit min hamakom hazeh leeynekhem uveimekhem kol sason vekol simcha kol chatan vekol kalla.
'Ki' means 'for', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hineni' means 'behold' or 'here I am', 'mashbit' means 'I will bring forth' or 'I will cause to be heard', 'min' means 'from', 'hamakom' means 'the place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'leeynekhem' means 'before your eyes', 'uveimekhem' means 'and in your days', 'kol' means 'voice', 'sason' means 'gladness', 'vekol' means 'and a voice', 'simcha' means 'joy', 'kol' means 'voice', 'chatan' means 'bridegroom', 'vekol' means 'and a voice', 'kalla' means 'bride'.
[JER.16.10] And it shall be when you tell this people all these words, they will say to you, 'Why has Yahveh spoken upon us all this great evil? And what is our iniquity, and what is our sin which we have sinned against Yahveh our God?' [§]
vehayah ki taggid laam hazeh et kol-hadevarim haeleh veamru eilekha al-meh diber Yahveh aleinu et kol-haraah hagdolah hazot umeh avoneinu umeh chatatenu asher chatanu laYahveh Eloheinu.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ki' means 'because', 'taggid' means 'you will tell', 'laam' means 'to the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'kol-hadevarim' means 'all the words', 'haeleh' means 'these', 'veamru' means 'and they will say', 'eilekha' means 'to you', 'al-meh' means 'concerning what', 'diber' means 'spoke', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'aleinu' means 'upon us', 'kol-haraah' means 'all the evil', 'hagdolah' means 'the great', 'hazot' means 'this', 'umeh' means 'and what', 'avoneinu' means 'our iniquity', 'chatatenu' means 'our sin', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'chatanu' means 'we have sinned', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh', and 'Eloheinu' means 'our God' (the literal God name translated as God).
[JER.16.11] And you shall say to them, Because your fathers have forsaken me, says Yahveh, they went after the other Gods and served them and bowed down to them, and they forsook me and they did not keep my law. [§]
ve'amarta aleihem al asher-azvu avoteichem oti ne'um Yahveh vayelchu acharei elohim acherim vayya'avdum vayishtachu lahem ve'oti azavu ve'et torati lo shamru.
've'amarta' means 'and you shall say', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'al' means 'because', 'asher-azvu' means 'they have forsaken', 'avoteichem' means 'your fathers', 'oti' means 'me', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'vayelchu' means 'they went', 'acharei' means 'after', 'elohim' means 'the Gods', 'acherim' means 'other', 'vayya'avdum' means 'they served them', 'vayishtachu' means 'they bowed down', 'lahem' means 'to them', 've'oti' means 'and me', 'azavu' means 'they forsook', 've'et' means 'and', 'torati' means 'my law', 'lo' means 'not', 'shamru' means 'they kept'.
[JER.16.12] And you have acted wickedly, following the ways of your ancestors, and behold, each one goes after the wickedness of his own evil heart, without listening to me. [§]
Ve'atem hareotem la'asot me'avoteichem ve'hinnchem holchim ish acharei shrirut libo ha'ra levilti shemo'a elai.
'Ve'atem' means 'and you (plural)'; 'hareotem' means 'have acted wickedly' (from the root ra'ah, to do evil); 'la'asot' means 'to do'; 'me'avoteichem' means 'from your fathers/ancestors'; 've'hinnchem' means 'and behold, you'; 'holchim' means 'are going/are walking'; 'ish' means 'each one' or 'a man'; 'acharei' means 'after'; 'shrirut' means 'wickedness'; 'libo' means 'his heart'; 'ha'ra' means 'the evil'; 'levilti' means 'without'; 'shemo'a' means 'hearing/listening'; 'elai' means 'to me' (i.e., listening to me).
[JER.16.13] And I will cast you off from this earth onto the earth that you and your fathers did not know, and you will serve there the other Gods day and night, which I will not give to you grace. [§]
vehetalti etchem me'al haaretz hazot alhaaretz asher lo yedatem atem veavoteichem vaavadtem sham et elohim acherim yomam velaaila asher lo eten lachem chaninah.
'vehetalti' means 'and I will cast off', 'etchem' means 'you (pl.)', 'me\'al' means 'from above', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'hazot' means 'this', 'alhaaretz' means 'onto the earth', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'lo' means 'not', 'yedatem' means 'you knew', 'atem' means 'you (pl.)', 'veavoteichem' means 'and your fathers', 'vaavadtem' means 'and you will serve', 'sham' means 'there', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'elohim' means 'the Gods', 'acherim' means 'other', 'yomam' means 'day', 'velaaila' means 'and night', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'lo' means 'not', 'eten' means 'I will give', 'lachem' means 'to you', 'chaninah' means 'grace' or 'mercy'.
[JER.16.14] Therefore, behold, the days are coming, says Yahveh, and it shall not be said any longer, 'the living Yahveh who raised the children of Israel from the land of Egypt'. [§]
Lachen hineh ha-yamim ba'im ne'um Yahveh ve-lo yeamer od chai Yahveh asher heala et b'nei Yisrael me'eretz Mitzrayim.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'ha-yamim' means 'the days', 'ba'im' means 'are coming', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yeamer' means 'shall be said', 'od' means 'anymore', 'chai' means 'living', the second 'Yahveh' again is YHVH, 'asher' means 'who', 'heala' means 'raised' or 'brought up', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (no English equivalent), 'b'nei' means 'the children of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land of', and 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'.
[JER.16.15] For if Yahveh lives, who raised the children of Israel from the north land and from all the nations who expelled them there, and brought them back onto their land which I gave to their ancestors. [§]
Ki im-chai Yahveh asher he'ala et-b'nei Yisrael me'eretz tzafon u-mi-kol ha'aratzot asher hiddicham sham v'hashivotam al-admatam asher natati la'avotam.
'Ki' means 'For', 'im' means 'if', 'chai' means 'alive' or 'lives', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, 'asher' means 'who' or 'that which', 'he'ala' means 'raised' or 'brought up', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'b'nei' means 'the children of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land of', 'tzafon' means 'north', 'u-mi-kol' means 'and from all', 'ha'aratzot' means 'the nations', 'hiddicham' means 'who expelled them', 'sham' means 'there', 'v'hashivotam' means 'and brought them back', 'al-admatam' means 'onto their land', 'asher' again means 'which', 'natati' means 'I gave', 'la'avotam' means 'to their ancestors'.
[JER.16.16] Behold, I am sending to the many cunning ones, says Yahveh, and they shall be confounded; and after that I will send to many hunters, and they shall be cut off from every mountain and from every hill and from the ruins of the rocks. [§]
Hineni sholeach ledavagim rabim neum Yahveh ve-digum ve-ahar-ey-ken esh-lach le-rabim tsayadim ve-tsadum me-al kol har u-me-al kol givaah u-min-ki-kei ha-selaim.
'Hineni' means 'Behold', 'sholeach' means 'I am sending', 'ledavagim' means 'to the many cunning ones', 'rabim' means 'many', 'neum' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 've-digum' means 'and they shall be confounded', 've-ahar-ey-ken' means 'and after that', 'esh-lach' means 'I will send', 'le-rabim' means 'to many', 'tsayadim' means 'hunters', 've-tsadum' means 'and they shall be cut off', 'me-al' means 'from', 'kol' means 'all', 'har' means 'mountain', 'u-me-al' means 'and from', 'givaah' means 'hill', 'u-min-ki-kei' means 'and from the ruins', 'ha-selaim' means 'of the rocks'.
[JER.16.17] For my eyes are upon all their ways; nothing is hidden from me, and I do not overlook their guilt before my eyes. [§]
Ki eynai al kol darkeihem lo nistru milpanei velo-nitsfan avonam miniged eynai.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'eynai' means 'my eyes', 'al' means 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'darkeihem' means 'their ways', 'lo' means 'not', 'nistru' means 'are hidden', 'milpanei' means 'before me', 'velo' means 'and not', 'nitsfan' means 'are concealed', 'avonam' means 'their guilt' or 'their iniquity', 'miniged' means 'before' or 'in the presence of', 'eynai' again means 'my eyes'.
[JER.16.18] And I will repay the first for the second of their iniquity and their sin concerning their profanation of my land; the corruption of their abominations and their detestable things have filled my inheritance. [§]
ve-shillamti rishona mishneh avonam ve-chatatam al chalelam et-artzi be-nivlat shikkutsehem ve-toavotehem malu et-nachalati
've-shillamti' means 'and I will repay', 'rishona' means 'first', 'mishneh' means 'second', 'avonam' means 'their iniquity', 've-chatatam' means 'and their sin', 'al' means 'over' or 'concerning', 'chalelam' means 'their profanation/spoil', 'et-artzi' means 'my land', 'be-nivlat' means 'by the corruption', 'shikkutsehem' means 'their abominations', 've-toavotehem' means 'and their detestable things', 'malu' means 'filled', 'et-nachalati' means 'my inheritance'.
[JER.16.19] Yahveh, my strength and my refuge and my shelter in a day of trouble; to you the nations will come from the ends of the earth and will say, 'Only falsehood have our ancestors inherited, vanity, and there is no delight in them.' [§]
Yahveh uzzi u mauzzi u menusi be yom tsarah elikha goyim yavo'u me'afsei aretz ve yomru ach sheqer nachalu avoteinu hevel ve ein bam moil.
'Yahveh' is the transliteration of the divine name YHVH and is rendered as Yahveh. 'uzzi' means 'my strength'. 'u' means 'and'. 'mauzzi' means 'my refuge'. 'menusi' means 'my shelter' or 'my hideaway'. 'be' means 'in'. 'yom' means 'day'. 'tsarah' means 'trouble' or 'distress'. 'elikha' means 'to you'. 'goyim' means 'nations'. 'yavo'u' means 'they will come'. 'me'afsei' means 'from the ends of'. 'aretz' means 'the earth'. 've' means 'and'. 'yomru' means 'they will say'. 'ach' means 'only'. 'sheqer' means 'falsehood' or 'lie'. 'nachalu' means 'they inherited' or 'they have received'. 'avoteinu' means 'our fathers' or 'our ancestors'. 'hevel' means 'vanity' or 'emptiness'. 've' again means 'and'. 'ein' means 'there is not' or 'there is no'. 'bam' means 'in them'. 'moil' means 'delight' or 'pleasure'.
[JER.16.20] Will a man make for him the Gods, and they are not the Gods. [§]
Ha-ya'aseh-lo adam Elohim ve-hemma lo Elohim.
'Ha-ya'aseh' means 'will make', 'lo' means 'for him', 'adam' means 'man', 'Elohim' means 'the Gods', 've' means 'and', 'hemma' means 'they', 'lo' means 'not', the second 'Elohim' again means 'the Gods'.
[JER.16.21] Therefore, behold, I will inform them this time; I will let them know my hand and my might, and they will know that my name is Yahveh. [§]
Lachen hineni modiaam ba'pam hazot odiaam et-yadi ve'et-gevurati veyada'u ki shmi Yahveh.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'hineni' means 'here I am', 'modiaam' means 'I will inform them', 'ba'pam' means 'this time', 'hazot' means 'this', 'odiaam' means 'I will let them know', 'et-yadi' means 'my hand', 've'et-gevurati' means 'and my might/strength', 'veyada'u' means 'and they will know', 'ki' means 'that', 'shmi' means 'my name', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
JER.17
[JER.17.1] The sin of Judah is written with an iron pen, with a nail of flint, engraved on a tablet in their heart and upon the horns of your altars. [§]
Chatat Yehudah ketubah be'et barzel be'tziporen shamir charushah al-luach libam u'lekarnot mizbachoteichem.
'Chatat' means 'sin', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'ketubah' means 'written', 'be'et' means 'with a pen', 'barzel' means 'iron', 'be'tziporen' means 'with a nail', 'shamir' means 'hard stone' or 'flint', 'charushah' means 'engraved', 'al-luach' means 'on a tablet', 'libam' means 'their heart', 'u'lekarnot' means 'and onto the horns', 'mizbachoteichem' means 'your altars'.
[JER.17.2] As they remember their children, their altars and their [things] upon a fresh green tree, upon the lofty hills. [§]
Kizkor b'neihem mizbechotam va'asherehem al-etz raanan al gevaot ha-gevahot.
'Kizkor' means 'as they remember' or 'when they recall', 'b'neihem' means 'their children', 'mizbechotam' means 'their altars', 'va'asherehem' means 'and their [possessions or people]', 'al-etz' means 'upon a tree', 'raanan' means 'green' or 'fresh', 'al' again means 'upon', 'gevaot' means 'hills', and 'ha-gevahot' means 'the lofty' or 'the high'.
[JER.17.3] I will raise in the field your army, all your storehouses; I will scorch your calamities, in sin, throughout all your borders. [§]
Harari basadeh cheilcha kol-otzrotecha lavaz etten bamotecha bechattat bechol-gevulecha.
'Harari' means 'I will raise' (first‑person singular imperfect), 'basadeh' means 'in the field', 'cheilcha' means 'your army' or 'your strength', 'kol-otzrotecha' means 'all your storehouses', 'lavaz' means 'I will scorch' or 'I will blaze', 'etten' means 'I will give' (often used idiomatically for 'I will bring' or 'I will cause'), 'bamotecha' means 'your calamities' or 'your deaths', 'bechattat' means 'in sin' or 'because of sin', 'bechol-gevulecha' means 'in all your borders' or 'throughout all your territory'.
[JER.17.4] And you will cut off, and in you from your inheritance which I gave to you, and I will make you a servant of your enemies in the land which you do not know, for fire you have kindled in my anger forever shall be quenched. [§]
ve-shamattah uvecha minachalta asher natati lach veha'avadticha et-oyvecha ba-aretz asher lo yada ki esh kedachtem be-afi ad-olam tukad.
've-shamattah' means 'and you will cut off', 'uvecha' means 'and in you', 'minachalta' means 'from your inheritance', 'asher' means 'which', 'natati' means 'I gave', 'lach' means 'to you', 'veha'avadticha' means 'and I will make you a servant', 'et-oyvecha' means 'your enemies', 'ba-aretz' means 'in the land', 'asher' means 'which', 'lo' means 'not', 'yada' means 'you know', 'ki' means 'for', 'esh' means 'fire', 'kedachtem' means 'you have kindled', 'be-afi' means 'in my anger', 'ad-olam' means 'forever', 'tukad' means 'it shall be quenched'.
[JER.17.5] Thus says Yahveh: cursed is the man who trusts in a man and sets flesh on his arm, and from Yahveh his heart will be turned away. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh: arur hageber asher yivtach ba'adam ve'sam basar zero'o u-min Yahveh yasusor libo.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'arur' means 'cursed', 'hageber' means 'the man', 'asher' means 'who', 'yivtach' means 'trusts', 'ba'adam' means 'in a man', 've'sam' means 'and puts/sets', 'basar' means 'flesh', 'zero'o' means 'on his arm', 'u-min' means 'and from', 'Yahveh' again is the divine name, 'yasusor' means 'will turn away' or 'will be turned away', 'libo' means 'his heart'.
[JER.17.6] And it shall be like a pestilence in the desert, and he will not see, for good will come, and dwells hollow ones in the wilderness, a salty land, and he will not dwell. [§]
ve-hayah ke'arar ba'aravah ve-lo yireh ki-yavo tov ve-shachen chererim ba-midbar eretz melecha ve-lo teshev.
've-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ke'arar' means 'like a pestilence', 'ba'aravah' means 'in the desert', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yireh' means 'he will see', 'ki-yavo' means 'that good will come', 'tov' means 'good', 've-shachen' means 'and dwells', 'chererim' means 'hollows' or 'hollow ones', 'ba-midbar' means 'in the wilderness', 'eretz' means 'land', 'melecha' means 'salty' or 'bitter', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'teshev' means 'shall dwell' or 'shall sit'.
[JER.17.7] Blessed is the man who trusts in Yahveh and Yahveh will be his confidence. [§]
Baruch ha-gever asher yivtach baYHWH ve-hayah YHWH mivtacho.
'Baruch' means 'blessed', 'ha-gever' means 'the man', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'yivtach' means 'will trust', 'baYHWH' means 'in Yahveh', 've-hayah' means 'and will be', 'YHWH' means 'Yahveh', 'mivtacho' means 'his confidence' or 'his trust'.
[JER.17.8] And it shall be like a tree planted by water, and by streams it will send out its roots; and it will not fear, for heat may come, and it will be green upon it. In the second season of drought it will not wilt, and it will not cease from bearing fruit. [§]
ve-hayah ke-etz shatul al-mayim ve-al-yubal yeshallach sharashav velo yire ki-yavo chom ve-hayah alehu raanan u-bishnat batzoret lo yidag velo yamish me-asot peri.
've-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ke-etz' means 'like a tree', 'shatul' means 'planted', 'al' means 'by' (or 'upon'), 'mayim' means 'water', 've-al' means 'and by', 'yubal' means 'streams', 'yeshallach' means 'shall send' (or 'will cause'), 'sharashav' means 'its roots', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yire' means 'fear', 'ki-yavo' means 'for [when] comes', 'chom' means 'heat', 've-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'alehu' means 'upon it', 'raanan' means 'green' or 'fresh', 'u-bishnat' means 'in the second [year/season]', 'batzoret' means 'of drought', 'lo' means 'not', 'yidag' means 'will wilt', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yamish' means 'will cease', 'me-asot' means 'from doing', 'peri' means 'fruit'.
[JER.17.9] Hardness of the heart above all, and man—who knows him? [§]
Akob halev mikol ve'enosh hu mi yedenu.
'Akob' means 'hardness' or 'stubbornness', 'halev' means 'the heart', 'mikol' means 'more than all' or 'above all', 've'enosh' means 'and man', 'hu' means 'he', 'mi' means 'who', 'yedenu' means 'knows him' (present/future sense).
[JER.17.10] I Yahveh, who searches the heart, tests the tools, and gives each man according to his ways the atonement for his deeds. [§]
Ani Yahveh chocher lev bochen kelayot ve-latet le-ish kidravo kipri ma'alalav.
'Ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'chocher' means 'searching' or 'examining', 'lev' means 'heart', 'bochen' means 'testing' or 'examining', 'kelayot' means 'tools' or 'implements', 've-latet' means 'and giving', 'le-ish' means 'to a person' or 'to each man', 'kidravo' means 'according to his ways', 'kipri' means 'as atonement' (from the root 'kafar' to atone), 'ma'alalav' means 'his deeds' or 'his works'.
[JER.17.11] He calls grain and does not bear, he makes wealth and has no justice; in the middle of his days he will be abandoned, and at his end he will be a fool. [§]
kore dagar ve'lo yalad o'seh osher ve'lo b'mishpat ba'chatzi yamav ya'azve-nu u've'acharit-o yihyeh navel.
'kore' means 'calls', 'dagar' means 'grain', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'yalad' means 'to bear', 'o'seh' means 'does', 'osher' means 'wealth', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'b'mishpat' means 'with justice', 'ba'chatzi' means 'in the middle of', 'yamav' means 'his days', 'ya'azve-nu' means 'will abandon him', 'u've'acharit-o' means 'and at his end', 'yihyeh' means 'will be', 'navel' means 'fool'.
[JER.17.12] Throne of glory, exalted from the beginning, a place of our sanctuary. [§]
Kise kavod marom merishon mekom mikdaseinu.
'Kise' means 'throne' or 'seat', 'kavod' means 'glory' or 'honor', 'marom' means 'height' or 'exalted place', 'merishon' means 'from the beginning', 'mekom' means 'place', 'mikdaseinu' means 'our sanctuary' or 'our holy place'.
[JER.17.13] The hope of Israel, Yahveh, all who abandon you will be ashamed, they will be removed and in the earth will be recorded, because they have forsaken the source of living water, Yahveh. [§]
Miqve Yisrael Yahveh kol-ozvecha yevoshu yesuray baaretz yikkatevu ki azvu mekor mayimchayim et-Yahveh.
'Miqve' means 'hope' or 'source'. 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'. 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the Tetragrammaton YHVH. 'kol' means 'all' and the hyphen links it to the next word. 'ozvecha' means 'those who abandon you' (from the root 'azav' to forsake). 'yevoshu' means 'will be ashamed'. 'yesuray' (from the root 'sarah') means 'will be removed' or 'will be taken away'. 'baaretz' means 'in the earth'. 'yikkatevu' means 'will be written' or 'will be recorded'. 'ki' means 'because'. 'azvu' means 'they have forsaken'. 'mekor' means 'source' or 'spring'. 'mayimchayim' is the compound 'living water'. 'et' is the accusative particle marking the direct object. The final 'Yahveh' again translates the divine name YHVH as 'Yahveh'.
[JER.17.14] Heal me Yahveh, and I will be healed; save me, and I will be saved, because my praise is you. [§]
rephaeni Yahveh ve'erafe hoshieni veivvashea ki tehillati atah
'rephaeni' means 'heal me', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 've'erafe' means 'and I will be healed', 'hoshieni' means 'save me', 'veivvashea' means 'and I will be saved', 'ki' means 'because', 'tehillati' means 'my praise', 'atah' means 'you' (referring to God).
[JER.17.15] Behold, they are saying to me, 'Where is the word of Yahveh? Come, please.' [§]
Hinneh-hemmah om'rim elai ayyeh d'var Yahveh yavo na.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold', 'hemmah' means 'they', 'om'rim' means 'are saying', 'elai' means 'to me', 'ayyeh' means 'where', 'd'var' means 'the word', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'yavo' means 'will come', 'na' means 'please' (a plea for fulfillment).
[JER.17.16] I have not turned away from the pasture that follows you, and I have not yearned for the day of humanity; you have known the source of my words before your face existed. [§]
Va'ani lo atsati meroe acharecha ve-yom anush lo hitaveti attah yada'ta motza sfatai nokhakh panecha hayah.
'Va'ani' means 'and I', 'lo' means 'not', 'atsati' means 'I have turned/strayed', 'meroe' means 'from the pasture', 'acharecha' means 'after you', 've-yom' means 'and the day', 'anush' means 'of man/human', 'lo' means 'not', 'hitaveti' means 'I have desired/longed', 'atah' means 'you', 'yada'ta' means 'you have known', 'motza' means 'the source', 'sfatai' means 'of my lips/words', 'nokhakh' means 'before', 'panecha' means 'your face', 'hayah' means 'was/existed'. The phrase 'lo atsati meroe acharecha' is idiomatic for 'I have not turned away from the pasture that follows you', and 'lo hitaveti yam anush' conveys 'I have not yearned for the day of humanity'. The final clause expresses that the speaker's source of speech is known by the addressed one even before his presence.
[JER.17.17] Do not be to me a refuge; you are my shelter in a day of trouble. [§]
Al tihey li limchittah machasi attah beyom raah.
'Al' means 'do not', 'tihey' means 'be', 'li' means 'to me', 'limchittah' means 'as a refuge', 'machasi' means 'my shelter', 'atah' means 'you', 'beyom' means 'in a day', 'raah' means 'trouble' or 'evil'.
[JER.17.18] May my pursuers be ashamed, and I shall not be ashamed; may they be humbled, and I shall not be humbled; I will bring upon them a day of evil and a second crushing that will break them. [§]
Yevoshu Rodfai ve'al-evosha aní yehatu hema ve'al-echata aní havi aléhem yom ra'a u-mishneh shivarón shavrem.
'Yevoshu' means 'may be ashamed', 'Rodfai' means 'my pursuers', 've'al' means 'and not', 'evosha' means 'I shall be ashamed', 'aní' means 'I', 'yehatu' means 'they shall be humbled', 'hema' means 'they', 'echata' means 'I will be humbled', 'havi' means 'I bring', 'aléhem' means 'upon them', 'yom' means 'day', 'ra'a' means 'evil or bad', 'u-' means 'and', 'mishneh' means 'second', 'shivarón' means 'shattering or breaking', 'shavrem' means 'they will be broken'.
[JER.17.19] Thus said Yahveh to me, go and stand at the gate of the sons of the people who will come into it, the kings of Judah, and who will go out of it, and in all the gates of Jerusalem. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh elai haloch ve'amadtah be'sha'ar b'nei-am asher yavo'u bo malchei Yehudah ve'asher yetzu bo uvechol sha'arei Yerushalayim.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the divine name YHVH rendered as Yahveh, 'elai' means 'to me', 'haloch' means 'go', 've'amadtah' means 'and stand', 'be'sha'ar' means 'at the gate', 'b'nei-am' means 'of the sons of the people', 'asher' means 'who' or 'which', 'yavo'u' means 'will come', 'bo' means 'into it', 'malchei Yehudah' means 'kings of Judah', 've'asher' means 'and who', 'yetzu' means 'will go out', 'uvechol' means 'and in all' or 'and through all', 'sha'arei' means 'gates of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem'.
[JER.17.20] And you shall say to them, Hear the word of Yahveh, the kings of Judah and all Judah, and all the inhabitants of Jerusalem who come through these gates. [§]
veamarta aleihem shimu dvar Yahveh malchei Yehudah vechol Yehudah vechol yosevei Yerushalem habba'im basharim haeleh.
'veamarta' means 'and you shall say', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'shimu' means 'listen' or 'hear', 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'malchei' means 'kings of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'vechol' means 'and all', the second 'vechol Yehudah' means 'all Judah', the third 'vechol' again means 'and all', 'yosevei' means 'inhabitants of', 'Yerushalem' means 'Jerusalem', 'habba'im' means 'the ones coming', 'basharim' means 'through the gates', and 'haeleh' means 'these'.
[JER.17.21] Thus says Yahveh, guard your souls and do not carry a burden on the Sabbath day, and you will bring (it) at the gates of Jerusalem. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh, hishameru b'nafshoteichem ve'al tisseu masa beyom hashabbat vahavitem besha'arei Yerushalayim.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hishameru' means 'keep' or 'guard', 'b'nafshoteichem' means 'in your souls' (literally 'with your lives'), 've'al' means 'and do not', 'tisseu' means 'carry' or 'lift', 'masa' means 'burden' or 'load', 'beyom' means 'on the day of', 'hashabbat' means 'the Sabbath', 'vahavitem' means 'and you will bring', 'besh'a'arei' means 'at the gates of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem'.
[JER.17.22] And you shall not bring a load from your houses on the Sabbath day, and any work you shall not do, and you shall sanctify the Sabbath day as Yahveh commanded your fathers. [§]
ve'lo totziau masa mibateichem beyom hashabbat ve'chol melacha lo ta'asu ve'kiddashtem et yom hashabbat ka'asher tziviti et avoteichem.
've'lo' means 'and you shall not', 'totziau' means 'bring out', 'masa' means 'burden or load', 'mibateichem' means 'from your houses', 'beyom' means 'on the day of', 'hashabbat' means 'the Sabbath', 've'chol' means 'and any', 'melacha' means 'work', 'lo' means 'not', 'ta'asu' means 'you shall do', 've'kiddashtem' means 'and you shall sanctify', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'yom' means 'day', 'hashabbat' again 'the Sabbath', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'tziviti' means 'I commanded', and 'et avoteichem' means 'your fathers'. The verb 'tziviti' is spoken by the divine speaker, which according to the given rule translates YHVH as 'Yahveh'.
[JER.17.23] And they did not hear, and they did not turn their ears, and they hardened their hearts, being deaf and refusing discipline. [§]
ve lo shamu ve lo hitu et aznam vayakshu et arfam levilti shemoa ulevilti kahat musar
've' means 'and', 'lo' means 'not', 'shamu' means 'they heard', 'hitu' means 'they inclined', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'aznam' means 'their ears', 'vayakshu' means 'they hardened', 'arfam' means 'their hearts', 'levilti' means 'without', 'shemoa' means 'hearing' (literally 'to hear'), 'ulevilti' means 'without', 'kahat' means 'taking' (here 'accepting'), 'musar' means 'discipline' or 'instruction'.
[JER.17.24] And it shall be, if you listen to me, says Yahveh, that you shall not bring a load to the gates of this city on the Sabbath day, and that you shall sanctify the Sabbath day, that you shall not do any work. [§]
ve-hayah im shamoa tishmeun elai neum Yahveh le bilti havir masa be shaarei ha ir hazot be yom ha shabbat u leqadesh et yom ha shabbat le bilti asot bo kol melacha.
've-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'im' means 'if', 'shamoa' means 'you hear', 'tishmeun' means 'you will listen', 'elai' means 'to me', 'neum' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'le bilti' means 'without', 'havir' means 'bring', 'masa' means 'a load', 'be shaarei' means 'at the gates of', 'ha ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'be yom' means 'on the day of', 'ha shabbat' means 'the Sabbath', 'u leqadesh' means 'and to sanctify', 'et yom' means 'the day', 'le bilti' again means 'without', 'asot' means 'doing', 'bo' is a form of 'in it', 'kol' means 'all', 'melacha' means 'work' or 'labor'.
[JER.17.25] And they came to the gates of this city, kings and princes who sit on the throne of David, riding chariots and on horses, and their princes, a man of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem, and this city will dwell forever. [§]
Uva'u besha'arei ha'ir hazot melachim ve'sharim yoshevim al-kiseh David rokhvim ba'rechev u'vasusim hemmah ve'shareihem ish Yehudah ve'yoshevei Yerushalam ve'yash'vah ha'ir hazot le'olam.
"Uva'u" means "and they came", "besha'arei" means "at the gates of", "ha'ir" means "the city", "hazot" means "this", "melachim" means "kings", "ve'sharim" means "and princes", "yoshevim" means "who sit", "al-kiseh" means "on the throne", "David" is the personal name of King David, "rokhvim" means "riding", "ba'rechev" means "in chariots", "u'vasusim" means "and on horses", "hemmah" means "they", "ve'shareihem" means "and their princes", "ish" means "a man", "Yehudah" means "of Judah", "ve'yoshevei" means "and the inhabitants of", "Yerushalam" means "Jerusalem", "ve'yash'vah" means "and will dwelleth", "le'olam" means "forever".
[JER.17.26] And they came from the cities of Judah and from the surrounding of Jerusalem and from the land of Benjamin and from the lowlands and from the hills and from the south, bringing burnt offering and sacrifice and grain offering and frankincense and those bringing thanksgiving to the house of Yahveh. [§]
Uva'u me'arei Yehuda u'mis'vivot Yerushalaim u'me'eretz Binyamin u'min-hashpehala u'min-hahar u'min-hannegev mev'im ola vezevach u'minchah ulevona u'meviei toda beit Yahveh.
'Uva'u' means 'and they came', 'me'arei' means 'from the cities of', 'Yehuda' means 'Judah', 'u'' means 'and', 'mis'vivot' means 'from the surrounding of', 'Yerushalaim' means 'Jerusalem', 'u'' means 'and', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land of', 'Binyamin' means 'Benjamin', 'u'' means 'and', 'min-hashpehala' means 'from the lowlands', 'u'' means 'and', 'min-hahar' means 'from the hills', 'u'' means 'and', 'min-hannegev' means 'from the south', 'mev'im' means 'they bring', 'ola' means 'burnt offering', 'vezevach' means 'and sacrifice', 'uminchah' means 'and grain offering', 'ulevona' means 'and frankincense', 'uveviei' means 'and those who bring', 'toda' means 'thanksgiving', 'beit' means 'house of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.17.27] And if you do not listen to me to sanctify the Sabbath day, and to carry no burden, and you come into the gates of Jerusalem on the Sabbath day, I will set fire in its gates and it will devour the palaces of Jerusalem and it will not be quenched. [§]
ve'im lo tishmeu elai lekadesh et yom hashabbat ulevilti se'et massa uvo besha'arei yerushalam beyom hashabbat vehitzatti esh bishareha ve'achlah armnot yerushalam velo tichbe
've''im' means 'and if', 'lo' means 'not', 'tishmeu' means 'you will hear/listen', 'elai' means 'to me', 'lekadesh' means 'to sanctify', 'et' is a particle marking the direct object, 'yom' means 'day', 'hashabbat' means 'the Sabbath', 'ulevilti' means 'and without carrying', 'se''et' means 'a burden', 'massa' means 'load', 'uvo' means 'and you will come', 'besh''arei' means 'into the gates of', 'yerushalam' means 'Jerusalem', 'beyom' means 'on the day of', 'vehitzatti' means 'I will set/fire', 'esh' means 'fire', 'bishareha' means 'in its gates', 've''achlah' means 'and it will devour', 'armnot' means 'palaces', 'velo' means 'and not', 'tichbe' means 'will be quenched'.
JER.18
[JER.18.1] The word which was to Jeremiah from Yahveh, saying. [§]
ha-davar asher hayah el-Yirmeyahu me'et Yahveh le'emor.
'ha-davar' means 'the word' or 'the message'; 'asher' means 'that' or 'which'; 'hayah' means 'was' or 'came'; 'el' means 'to' or 'toward'; 'Yirmeyahu' is the personal name Jeremiah; 'me'et' means 'from' (literally 'by the hand of'); 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH; 'le'emor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.18.2] Rise and go down to the house of the Creator, and there I will cause you to hear my words. [§]
Koom veh-yaradta beyt ha-yotser veh-shammah ash-mee-ah-kah et dvarai.
'Koom' means 'rise', 've' is the conjunction 'and', 'yaradta' means 'you will go down', 'beyt' means 'house', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'yotser' means 'Creator' (a title for God), 'veh' again means 'and', 'shammah' means 'there', 'ashmi'acha' means 'I will cause you to hear', 'et' is a direct object marker, and 'dvarai' means 'my words'.
[JER.18.3] And I went down to the house of the Creator, and behold, he was doing work on the stones. [§]
vaered beit hayotzer vehinahu oseh melacha al haavanim.
'vaered' means 'and I went down', 'beit' means 'house', 'hayotzer' means 'the Creator' (a name of God, rendered here as Creator), 'vehinahu' means 'and behold, he', 'oseh' means 'was doing', 'melacha' means 'work', 'al' means 'on', 'haavanim' means 'the stones'.
[JER.18.4] And the vessel that he made in the clay by the hand of the Creator shall be destroyed, and again he made it a different vessel, as is proper in the eyes of the Creator to do. [§]
ve-nishchat ha-kli asher hu oseh ba-chomer be-yad ha-yotzer ve-shav va-yaasehu keli acher ka-asher yashar be-einei ha-yotzer laasot.
've-' means 'and', 'nishchat' means 'shall be destroyed', 'ha-kli' means 'the vessel', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'hu' means 'he', 'oseh' means 'makes/does', 'ba-chomer' means 'in the clay', 'be-yad' means 'by the hand of', 'ha-yotzer' means 'the Creator' (a name of God), 've-shav' means 'and again', 'va-yaasehu' means 'he made it', 'keli' means 'a vessel', 'acher' means 'another', 'ka-asher' means 'as', 'yashar' means 'is proper/fit', 'be-einei' means 'in the eyes of', 'laasot' means 'to do'.
[JER.18.5] And the word of Yahveh came to me, saying. [§]
Vayehi devar-Yahveh elai leemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the Tetragrammaton YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'leemor' means 'to say'.
[JER.18.6] This Creator cannot make for you the house of Israel, says Yahveh. Behold, like clay in the hand of the Creator, so you are in my hand, house of Israel. [§]
hachayotser hazeh lo ukhal la'asot lachem beit Yisrael ne'um Yahveh hineh kachomer be yad hachayotser ken-atem be yadi beit Yisrael.
'hachayotser' means 'the Creator', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'lo' means 'not', 'ukhal' means 'can', 'la'asot' means 'to do' or 'to make', 'lachem' means 'for you (plural)', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hineh' means 'behold', 'kachomer' means 'like clay', 'be yad' means 'in the hand of', 'ken-atem' means 'so you are', 'be yadi' means 'in my hand'.
[JER.18.7] In a moment I will speak concerning a nation and a kingdom, that it be devoured, shattered, and destroyed. [§]
rega adabber al-goy ve'al-mamlachah lintosh velintotz ulehavid.
'rega' means 'moment', 'adabber' means 'I will speak', 'al-goy' means 'concerning a nation', 've'al-mamlachah' means 'and concerning a kingdom', 'lintosh' means 'to be devoured', 'velintotz' means 'and to be shattered', 'ulehavid' means 'and to be destroyed'.
[JER.18.8] And that nation will turn away from its evil which I have spoken against it, and I will be sorry for the evil which I had planned to do to it. [§]
ve-shav ha-goy ha-hu me-raato asher dibarti alav ve-nichamti al-haraah asher chashavti laasot lo.
've' means 'and', 'shav' means 'will turn', 'ha-goy' means 'the nation', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 'me-raato' means 'from its evil', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'alav' means 'against it', 've-nichamti' means 'and I will be sorry', 'al-haraah' means 'for the evil', 'asher' again means 'that/which', 'chashavti' means 'I thought/planned', 'laasot' means 'to do', 'lo' means 'to it'.
[JER.18.9] And at the moment I will speak against a nation and upon a kingdom to build and to plant. [§]
verega adabber al goy ve al mamlecha livnot ve lintoa.
've' means 'and', 'rega' means 'moment' or 'instant', 'adabber' means 'I will speak' (from the verb 'to speak'), 'al' means 'against' or 'upon', 'goy' means 'nation', the second 've' again means 'and', the second 'al' again means 'upon', 'mamlecha' means 'kingdom', 'livnot' means 'to build', the third 've' means 'and', and 'lintoa' means 'to plant'.
[JER.18.10] And I do the evil in my eyes for not hearing my voice, and I will be sorry for the good that I said to make it good. [§]
Ve'asa ha'ra'ah be'einai levilti shemo'a be'koli ve'nichamti al-hatova asher amarti leheitiv oto.
'Ve'asa' means 'and (I) do', 'ha'ra'ah' means 'the evil', 'be'einai' means 'in my eyes', 'levilti' means 'without', 'shemo'a' means 'hearing', 'be'koli' means 'my voice', 've'nichamti' means 'and I will be sorry/comforted', 'al-hatova' means 'for the good', 'asher' means 'that', 'amarti' means 'I said', 'leheitiv' means 'to make good', 'oto' means 'it'.
[JER.18.11] Now speak, please, to a man of Judah and to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, saying, 'Thus says Yahveh: Behold, I am forming evil against you and plotting a scheme against you. Return, please, each man from his evil way, and make your ways better and your deeds upright.' [§]
veatah emar na el ish Yehudah ve'al yoshevay yerushalayim le'emor koh amar Yahveh hineh anochi yotser aleichem raah vechoshev aleichem machashavah shuvu na ish midarko harah vehitivu darkeichem umaalekeichem.
'veatah' means 'now', 'emar' means 'speak', 'na' is a polite particle 'please', 'el' means 'to', 'ish' means 'man', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 've'al' means 'and to', 'yoshevay' means 'the dwellers/inhabitants', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'hineh' means 'behold', 'anochi' means 'I', 'yotser' means 'am forming', 'aleichem' means 'against you', 'raah' means 'evil', 'vechoshev' means 'and plotting', 'machashavah' means 'a scheme', 'shuvu' means 'return', 'na' again 'please', 'ish' means 'each man', 'midarko' means 'from his way', 'harah' means 'the evil', 'vehitivu' means 'and make better', 'darkeichem' means 'your ways', 'umaalekeichem' means 'and your deeds'.
[JER.18.12] And Noah said, "Because after our plans we will go, and a man whose heart is full of wickedness, we will cause evil." [§]
Ve'amaru Noach ki acharai machshavoteinu neilech ve'ish sherirut libo ha'ra na'aseh.
'Ve'amaru' means 'and said', 'Noach' means 'Noah', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'acharai' means 'after', 'machshavoteinu' means 'our thoughts/plans', 'neilech' means 'we will go' or 'we will depart', 've'ish' means 'and a man', 'sherirut' (variant of 'shirur') means 'wickedness' or 'corruption', 'libo' means 'his heart', 'ha'ra' means 'the evil', 'na'aseh' means 'we will make' or 'we will do'.
[JER.18.13] Therefore thus said Yahveh, 'Ask, please, among the nations, who has heard like this? The harlot has acted greatly in the virgin of Israel.' [§]
Lachen ko amar Yahveh shaalu na ba goyim mi shama kaelleh sha'arurit asata meod betulat Yisrael.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'shaalu' means 'ask', 'na' is a polite particle 'please', 'ba' means 'in' or 'among', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'mi' means 'who', 'shama' means 'has heard', 'kaelleh' means 'such things' or 'like this', 'sha'arurit' means 'harlot' or 'prostitute', 'asata' means 'has done' or 'has acted', 'meod' means 'greatly', 'betulat' means 'in the virgin', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[JER.18.14] Will he abandon the wall of the fields, snow to Lebanon, if the waters become foreign cold flowing? [§]
Hayiazov mitzur sadai sheleg levanon im-yinatushu mayim zarim karim nozlim.
'Hayiazov' means 'Will he abandon', 'mitzur' means 'the wall/fortress', 'sadai' means 'the fields', 'sheleg' means 'snow', 'Levanon' means 'to Lebanon', 'im' means 'if', 'yinatushu' means 'they become sated/quenched', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'zarim' means 'foreign', 'karim' means 'cold', 'nozlim' means 'flowing'.
[JER.18.15] Because my people have forgotten me, they cut down in vain, and they have made them stumble in their ways; everlasting ways to walk, paths of a road not paved. [§]
Ki shekheuni ami lashav yekatreu vayachsilu bedarchehem shevilei olam lalekhet netivot derekh lo selula.
'Ki' means 'because', 'shekheuni' means 'they have forgotten me', 'ami' means 'my people', 'lashav' means 'in vain', 'yekatreu' means 'they will cut down', 'vayachsilu' means 'and they have made them stumble', 'bedarchehem' means 'in their ways', 'shevilei' means 'ways of', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 'lalekhet' means 'to walk', 'netivot' means 'paths', 'derekh' means 'road', 'lo' means 'not', 'selula' means 'paved'. No divine name appears in this verse.
[JER.18.16] To cause their land to be shamed, the scattered forever; all who pass over it will set it and will shake in its head. [§]
Lashum artzam le-sham'ah she-rikot olam kol over aleha yishom ve-yanid be-rosho.
'Lashum' means 'to cause' or 'to make', 'artzam' means 'their land', 'le-sham'ah' means 'for shame' or 'to be shamed', 'she-rikot' (she‑rikot) is a plural noun meaning 'the scattered' or 'the outcasts', 'olam' means 'forever' or 'everlasting', 'kol' means 'all', 'over' means 'who passes' or 'who goes over', 'aleha' means 'upon it', 'yishom' means 'he will set' or 'he will place', 've‑yanid' means 'and will move' or 'and will shake', 'be‑rosho' means 'in his/head's'.
[JER.18.17] Like an east wind I will scatter them before the enemy, a scorching blaze, and unseen I will see them on the day of their doom. [§]
Ke-ruach qodim afitseem lifnei oyev oref velo-fanim eream be-yom eydam.
"Ke-ruach" means "like a wind", "qodim" means "east", together "like an east wind"; "afitseem" is the verb "I will scatter them"; "lifnei" means "before" or "in front of"; "oyev" means "enemy"; "oref" means "scorching" or "blazing"; "velo-fanim" means "and no faces" (i.e., unseen, without front); "eream" means "I will see them"; "be-yom" means "on the day of"; "eyd am" (eidam) is understood as "their destruction" or "their doom".
[JER.18.18] They said, 'Let us go and devise plots against Jeremiah, because the law will not be destroyed from a priest, nor counsel from a wise man, nor a word from a prophet; let us strike him with a tongue and not listen to any of his words.' [§]
Vayomeru lechu venachshavah al-Yirmeyahu machshavot ki lo toveid tora mikohen ve'etsa mechacham ve'davar minavi lechu venakeihu balashon ve'al-nakshivah el kol-devarav.
'Vayomeru' means 'they said', 'lechu' means 'let us go', 'venachshavah' means 'and devise (plots)', 'al-Yirmeyahu' means 'against Jeremiah', 'machshavot' means 'plots', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'toveid' means 'will be destroyed', 'tora' means 'law/teaching', 'mikohen' means 'from a priest', 've'etsa' means 'and counsel', 'mechacham' means 'from a wise one', 've'davar' means 'and a word', 'minavi' means 'from a prophet', 'lechu' means 'let us go', 'venakeihu' means 'and strike him', 'balashon' means 'with a tongue', 've'al-nakshivah' means 'and we will not listen', 'el' means 'to', 'kol-devarav' means 'all his words'.
[JER.18.19] Listen, Yahveh, to me, and hear the voice of my adversary. [§]
Hakshiva Yahveh elai, ushma leqol yerivai.
'Hakshiva' means 'listen', 'Yahveh' is YHVH rendered as Yahveh, 'elai' means 'to me', 'ushma' means 'and hear', 'leqol' means 'the voice', 'yerivai' means 'my adversary' or 'my opponent'.
[JER.18.20] The recompense lies beneath both good and evil, because they have torn the atonement for my soul. Remember, I stand before you to speak good to them, to turn back your wrath from them. [§]
Hayeshullam tachat-tova ra'ah ki-karu shucha le-nafsi zechor amdi lefanekha le'daber aleihem tova lehashiv et-chamatekha mehem.
'Hayeshullam' means 'the payment' or 'the recompense', 'tachat-tova' means 'under good', 'ra'ah' means 'evil', 'ki' means 'because', 'karu' means 'they have cut' or 'they have torn', 'shucha' means 'expiation' or 'atonement', 'le-nafsi' means 'for my soul', 'zechor' means 'remember', 'amdi' means 'I stand', 'lefanekha' means 'before you', 'le'daber' means 'to speak', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'tova' means 'good', 'lehashiv' means 'to return' or 'to turn back', 'et-chamatekha' means 'your wrath', 'mehem' means 'from them'.
[JER.18.21] Therefore give their sons to famine and the famine by the sword, and they shall become their women widows and widows, and their men shall be slain to death; in their youths they shall be slain by the sword in war. [§]
Lachen ten et-b'nehem larav ve-hagirem al-ydei-cherav ve-tihye-na nesh'ehhem shakulot ve-almanot ve-an'shehem yihyu harugei mavet ba-chureihem muchei-cherav ba-milchamah.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ten' means 'you shall give', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'b'nehem' means 'their sons', 'larav' means 'to famine', 've' means 'and', 'hagirem' means 'the famine', 'al-ydei-cherav' means 'by the sword', 've-tihye-na' means 'and they shall become', 'nesh'ehhem' means 'their women (wives)', 'shakulot' means 'widows', 've-almanot' means 'and widows', 've-an'shehem' means 'and their men', 'yihyu' means 'shall be', 'harugei' means 'slain', 'mavet' means 'to death', 'ba-chureihem' means 'in their youths', 'muchei-cherav' means 'slain by the sword', 'ba-milchamah' means 'in war'.
[JER.18.22] You will hear a cry from their houses, because you will bring upon them a sudden disaster, because they have made a net to trap me and they have laid snares at my feet. [§]
tishama zeakah mibateihem ki tavi aleihem gedud pitoam ki karu sicha lelakdeni upachim tamnu leraglay.
'tishama' means 'you will hear', 'zeakah' means 'a cry', 'mibateihem' means 'from their houses', 'ki' means 'because', 'tavi' means 'you will bring', 'aleihem' means 'upon them', 'gedud' means 'a disaster', 'pitoam' means 'sudden', 'karu' means 'they have made', 'sicha' means 'a net', 'lelakdeni' means 'to trap me', 'upachim' means 'they have set snare(s)', 'tamnu' means 'they have laid', 'leraglay' means 'at my feet'.
[JER.18.23] And you Yahveh know all their counsel against me to death; do not atone for their guilt and their sin before you; do not erase; and they shall be crushed before you in the time of your anger; do [it] to them. [§]
ve'ata Yahveh yada't et kol atzatam alai lamavet al tekaper al avonam vechatatam milpanecha al temchi veihyu mukshalim lefanecha be'et afkha ase bahem.
've'ata' means 'and you', 'Yahveh' is the divine name YHVH translated as Yahveh, 'yada't' means 'you know', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'atzatam' means 'their counsel', 'alai' means 'against me', 'lamavet' means 'to death', 'al' is a negative particle meaning 'do not', 'tekaper' means 'atone', 'al' means 'for', 'avonam' means 'their guilt', 'vechatatam' means 'and their sin', 'milpanecha' means 'before you', 'al' again means 'do not', 'temchi' means 'erase', 'veihyu' means 'and they shall be', 'mukshalim' means 'crushed', 'lefanecha' means 'before you', 'be'et' means 'in the time', 'afkha' means 'of your anger', 'ase' means 'do', 'bahem' means 'to them'.
JER.19
[JER.19.1] Thus says Yahveh, go and acquire in the vessel the creator craftsman and the elders of the people and the elders of the priests. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh haloch veqanita bakbuk yotser chares u-mizikei haam u-mizikei hakohanim.
'Ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'haloch' means 'going' or 'walk', 'veqanita' means 'and you will acquire', 'bakbuk' means 'in the bowl' (a vessel), 'yotser' means 'creator' or 'shaper', 'chares' means 'craftsman', 'u-' is the conjunction 'and', 'mizikei' means 'elders of', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hakohanim' means 'the priests'.
[JER.19.2] And you shall go out to the valley of the son of Hinnom, which is the opening of the gate of the char, and there you shall call the words that I will speak to you. [§]
Ve-yatzata el-gee ben-Hinnom asher petach sha'ar ha-charsit ve-karata sham et-hadvarim asher adaber eilecha.
'Ve' means 'And', 'yatzata' means 'you shall go out', 'el' means 'to', 'gee' means 'valley', 'ben-Hinnom' means 'son of Hinnom', 'asher' means 'which', 'petach' means 'opening', 'sha'ar' means 'gate', 'ha-charsit' means 'the char (a place name)', 've' means 'and', 'karata' means 'you shall call', 'sham' means 'there', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'asher' means 'that', 'adaber' means 'I will speak', 'eilecha' means 'to you'.
[JER.19.3] And you shall say, Listen to the word of Yahveh, the kings of Judah and those who dwell in Jerusalem: Thus says Yahveh of hosts, the Gods of Israel, Behold, I bring evil upon this place, where everyone who hears shall have his ears silenced. [§]
veamarta shimu devar-Yahveh malchei Yehudah ve-yoshvei Yerushalayim ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael hineni mevi raah al-hamakom hazeh asher kol-shomeah titzalna oznav.
'veamarta' means 'and you shall say', 'shimu' means 'listen', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'malchei' means 'kings of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 've-yoshvei' means 'and those who dwell', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'ko amar' means 'thus says', 'Yahveh' again is YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' means 'the Gods of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hineni' means 'behold, I', 'mevi' means 'bring', 'raah' means 'evil', 'al' means 'upon', 'hamakom' means 'the place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'asher' means 'where', 'kol' means 'everyone', 'shomeah' means 'who hears', 'titzalna' means 'shall be silenced', 'oznav' means 'his ears'.
[JER.19.4] Because those who have abandoned me and have profaned this place, and they dedicated it to other Gods which they and their fathers and the kings of Judah do not know, they filled this place with pure blood. [§]
Ya'an asher azavuni vaynachru et ha-makom hazeh vayekatreu bo leElohim acherim asher lo yeda'um hemmah ve'avoteihem u-malkhei Yehudah u-male'u et ha-makom hazeh dam nekim.
'Ya'an' means 'because', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'azavuni' means 'they have abandoned me', 'vaynachru' means 'and they have profaned', 'et ha-makom hazeh' means 'this place', 'vayekatreu' means 'and they dedicated/made it a shrine', 'bo' means 'in it', 'leElohim' means 'to the Gods' (note: 'Elohim' is rendered as 'the Gods'), 'acherim' means 'other', 'asher' again means 'that/which', 'lo yeda'um' means 'they do not know', 'hemmah' means 'they', 've'avoteihem' means 'and their fathers', 'u-malkhei Yehudah' means 'and the kings of Judah', 'u-male'u' means 'and they filled', 'et ha-makom hazeh' again 'this place', 'dam' means 'blood', 'nekim' means 'pure/clean'.
[JER.19.5] And they built the altars of Baal to burn their children in fire, burnt offerings to Baal, which I did not command, nor have I spoken, nor have I brought upon my heart. [§]
Uvanu et-bamot haBaal li'sref et-benehem ba'esh olot laBaal asher lo tsiviti ve'lo dibarti ve'lo al'ta al libbi.
'Uvanu' means 'and they built', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'bamot' means 'altars', 'haBaal' means 'the Baal', 'li'sref' means 'to burn', 'et' again the object marker, 'benehem' means 'their children', 'ba'esh' means 'in fire', 'olot' means 'burnt offerings', 'laBaal' means 'to Baal', 'asher' means 'which/that', 'lo' means 'not', 'tsiviti' means 'I commanded', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'al'ta' means 'I brought', 'al' means 'upon', 'libbi' means 'my heart'.
[JER.19.6] Therefore, behold, days are coming, says Yahveh, and this place will no longer be called the Tophet, but a valley of the sons, for it is a valley of slaughter. [§]
Lachen hineh yamim ba'im ne'um Yahveh ve'lo yikarei lamakom hazeh od haTophet veGey ben-hinom ki im Gey ha-harega.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ba'im' means 'are coming', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 've'lo' means 'and not', 'yikarei' means 'will be called', 'lamakom' means 'in this place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'od' means 'anymore', 'haTophet' means 'the Tophet' (a place of fire/child sacrifice), 'veGey' means 'and a valley', 'ben-hinom' means 'of the sons', 'ki' means 'for', 'im' means 'it is', 'Gey' means 'a valley', 'ha-harega' means 'of slaughter' (the killing). The name of God YHVH is rendered as Yahveh according to the given rule.
[JER.19.7] And I searched the counsel of Judah and Jerusalem in this place, and I will cast them down with the sword before their enemies and in the hand of those who seek their lives, and I will give their spoil as food to the birds of the heavens and to the beasts of the earth. [§]
Uvakoti et-atsat Yehudah viYerushalayim ba-makom hazeh vehipalteem ba-cherev lifnei oyvehem uve yad mevakeshei nafsham venatati et-nivlatam lemaachal leov hashamayim ulevhemah haaretz.
'U' means 'and', 'vakoti' means 'I searched' or 'I sought', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'atsat' means 'counsel' or 'advice', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'viYerushalayim' means 'and Jerusalem', 'ba-makom' means 'in the place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'vehipalteem' means 'and I will cast them down', 'ba-cherev' means 'by the sword', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'oyvehem' means 'their enemies', 'uve yad' means 'and in the hand', 'mevakeshei' means 'those who seek', 'nafsham' means 'their lives', 'venatati' means 'and I will give', 'et' again the object marker, 'nivlatam' means 'their spoil' or 'their plunder', 'lemaachal' means 'as food', 'leov' means 'to the birds', 'hashamayim' means 'the heavens', 'ulevhemah' means 'and to the beasts', 'haaretz' means 'of the earth'.
[JER.19.8] And I will make this city a heap of ruins and a place of fire; everyone who passes over it shall be struck and burned upon all its walls. [§]
ve-samti et ha'ir hazot le-shammah ve-li-shrekah kol over alaha yishom ve-yishrok al kol makoteha.
've-samti' means 'and I will set', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'le-shammah' means 'as a heap (of ruins)', 've-li-shrekah' means 'and as a fire', 'kol' means 'all', 'over' means 'one who passes', 'alahah' means 'over it', 'yishom' means 'shall strike', 've-yishrok' means 'and shall burn', 'al' means 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'makoteha' means 'its walls'.
[JER.19.9] And they shall eat the flesh of their sons and the flesh of their daughters, and a man shall eat the flesh of his neighbor in the siege and in the famine which they have placed upon them, their enemies, and those who seek their lives. [§]
veha'achaltim et-besar b'neihem ve'et-besar b'notayhem ve'ish b'sar-re'ehu yo'chelu be-matzor uve-matzok asher yatziku lahem oyvehem u-mevakshei nafsham
'veha'achaltim' means 'and they shall eat', 'et-besar' means 'the flesh', 'b'neihem' means 'of their sons', 've'et-besar' means 'and the flesh', 'b'notayhem' means 'of their daughters', 've'ish' means 'and a man', 'b'sar-re'ehu' means 'the flesh of his neighbor', 'yo'chelu' means 'they will eat', 'be-matzor' means 'in the siege', 'uve-matzok' means 'and in the famine', 'asher' means 'which', 'yatziku' means 'they have placed', 'lahem' means 'upon them', 'oyvehem' means 'their enemies', 'u-mevakshei' means 'and those who seek', 'nafsham' means 'their lives'.
[JER.19.10] And you broke the bakbuk in the sight of the men walking with you. [§]
ve-shavarta ha-bakbuk le-einei ha-anashim ha-holchim otkha.
've' means 'and', 'shavarta' means 'you broke' (masculine singular perfect), 'ha' is the definite article meaning 'the', 'bakbuk' is a noun whose exact referent is unclear but likely a type of container or object, 'le-einei' means 'in the eyes of' (literally 'to the eyes of'), 'ha-anashim' means 'the men', 'ha-holchim' means 'the walking' (i.e., 'those who are walking'), 'otkha' is the accusative pronoun 'you' (masculine).
[JER.19.11] And you shall say to them, Thus says Yahveh of hosts: Thus I will break the people this and the city this, as one breaks the vessel of the creator that cannot be broken any more, and they shall bury it in a pit, for there is no place to bury. [§]
ve'amarta alehem koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot kakah eshbor et ha'am hazeh ve'et ha'ir hazot ka'asher yishbor et keli hayotser asher lo yuchal leherafe od uve'toft yikberu me'ein makom likbor.
've'amarta' means 'and you shall say', 'alehem' means 'to them', 'koh amar' means 'thus says', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'kakah' means 'thus', 'eshbor' means 'I will break', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 've'et' means 'and the', 'ha'ir' means 'city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'yishbor' means 'shall break', 'keli' means 'vessel', 'hayotser' means 'of the creator', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo' means 'not', 'yuchal' means 'can', 'leherafe' means 'to be broken any more', 'od' means 'anymore', 'uve'toft' means 'in a pit', 'yikberu' means 'they shall bury', 'me'ein' means 'from no', 'makom' means 'place', 'likbor' means 'to bury'.
[JER.19.12] Thus I will act upon this place, says Yahveh, and upon its inhabitants, and I will give this city as a siege. [§]
Ken e'eseh lamakom hazeh ne'um Yahveh uleyoshvav ve-latet et ha'ir hazot ke-tofet.
'Ken' means 'Thus', 'e'eseh' means 'I will do', 'lamakom' means 'to the place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'uleyoshvav' means 'and to its inhabitants', 've-latet' means 'and to give', 'et' is the direct‑object marker (not rendered in English), 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'ke-tofet' means 'like a siege' or 'as a siege'.
[JER.19.13] And may the houses of Jerusalem and the houses of the kings of Judah be like the place of the impure incense for all the houses which they burned on their roofs for all the host of the heavens and the covering they set up for the Gods other. [§]
vehayu batei yerushalayim u'batei malchei yehudah kimakom ha tofet ha tmeim lekhol habatim asher kitru al gagoteihem lekhol tzva ha shamayim vehassek nesachim leElohim acherim
'vehayu' means 'and may be', 'batei' means 'houses of', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'u'batei' means 'and houses of', 'malchei' means 'kings', 'yehudah' means 'Judah', 'kimakom' means 'like its place', 'ha' means 'the', 'tofet' means 'incense', 'ha' before 'tmeim' is the article, 'tmeim' means 'impure', 'lekhol' means 'for all', 'habatim' means 'the houses', 'asher' means 'that', 'kitru' means 'they burned', 'al' means 'on', 'gagoteihem' means 'their roofs', 'lekhol' means 'for all', 'tzva' means 'host', 'ha' before 'shamayim' means 'the heavens', 'vehassek' means 'and the covering', 'nesachim' means 'they set up', 'leElohim' means 'to the Gods', 'acherim' means 'other'.
[JER.19.14] And Jeremiah went out of the temple that Yahveh sent him there to prophesy, and he stood in the courtyard of the house of Yahveh and said to all the people. [§]
Vayavo Yirmeyahu mehatofet asher shlacho Yahveh sham lehinave vayamod baḥatzar beit-Yahveh vayomer el kol ha'am.
'Vayavo' means 'and he went', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'mehatofet' means 'out of the temple', 'asher' means 'that', 'shlacho' means 'He sent him', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'sham' means 'there', 'lehinave' means 'to prophesy', 'vayamod' means 'and he stood', 'baḥatzar' means 'in the courtyard', 'beit-Yahveh' means 'house of Yahveh', 'vayomer' means 'and he said', 'el' means 'to', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha'am' means 'the people'.
[JER.19.15] Thus said Yahveh of hosts the Gods of Israel, Behold, I am going to this city and upon all its towns the whole evil that I have spoken against it because they have hardened their faces without hearing my words. [§]
koh amar Yahveh tzevaot elohay Yisrael hineni mevi el ha'ir hazot ve'al kol areiha et kol ha'ra'ah asher dibarti aleha ki hikshu et-arfam levilti shemo'a et dvarai.
'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'elohay' means 'the Gods of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'mevi' means 'going', 'el' means 'to', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'areiha' means 'its towns', 'et' is an accusative particle, 'kol' means 'the whole', 'ha'ra'ah' means 'evil', 'asher' means 'that', 'dibarti' means 'I have spoken', 'aleha' means 'against it', 'ki' means 'because', 'hikshu' means 'they hardened', 'et-arfam' means 'their faces', 'levilti' means 'without', 'shemo'a' means 'hearing', 'et' again accusative, 'dvarai' means 'my words'.
JER.20
[JER.20.1] And Pashcher son of Immèr the priest, and he was an officer and commander in the house of Yahveh, heard Jeremiah prophesy these words. [§]
Va yishma Pashcher ben Imm er ha kohen ve hu paqid nagid be beit Yahveh et Yirmiyahu nivva et hadvarim ha elle.
'Va yishma' means 'and he heard', 'Pashcher' is a proper name, 'ben Imm er' means 'son of Immèr', 'ha kohen' means 'the priest', 've hu' means 'and he', 'paqid' means 'officer' or 'overseer', 'nagid' means 'commander', 'be beit' means 'in the house of', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'et' is the direct object marker, 'Yirmiyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'nivva' means 'prophesied', 'et hadvarim' means 'the words', 'ha elle' means 'these'.
[JER.20.2] And Pashchur struck the prophet Jeremiah and gave him over to the turning that was in the high gate of Benjamin that was in the house of Yahveh. [§]
Vayakkeh Pashchur et Yirmiyahu hanavi vayitten oto al-hamahphet asher be'shar Binyam han-eliyon asher be'veit Yahveh.
'Vayakkeh' means 'and he struck', 'Pashchur' is a proper name, 'et' is an object marker, 'Yirmiyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'hanavi' means 'the prophet', 'vayitten' means 'and he gave/put', 'oto' means 'him', 'al' means 'upon', 'hamahphet' means 'the turning' (a rotating device or post), 'asher' means 'that/which', 'be'shar' means 'in the gate', 'Binyam' means 'Benjamin', 'han-eliyon' means 'the high' or 'upper', 'asher' again means 'that', 'be'veit' means 'in the house', and 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.20.3] And it happened the next day that Pashchur went out to Jeremiah from the turning, and he said to him, Jeremiah, not Pashchur, Yahveh called your name because if pestilence is all around. [§]
Vayhi mimmaharat vayotse Pashchur et-Yirmeyah min-hamapachet vayomer elav Yirmeyah lo Pashchur qara Yahveh shemekha ki im-magog misaviv.
'Vayhi' means 'and it happened', 'mimmaharat' means 'the next day', 'vayotse' means 'and he went out', 'Pashchur' is a proper name, 'et' is the direct object marker, 'Yirmeyah' means 'Jeremiah', 'min' means 'from', 'hamapachet' means 'the turning' (a place), 'vayomer' means 'and he said', 'elav' means 'to him', 'lo' means 'not', 'qara' means 'called', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'shemekha' means 'your name', 'ki' means 'because', 'im' means 'if', 'magog' means 'pestilence' or 'disease', and 'misaviv' means 'all around'.
[JER.20.4] For thus says Yahveh: Behold, I will give you to a trap for you and all your loved ones, and they will fall by the sword of their enemies, and your eyes will see it, and I will give all Judah into the hand of the king of Babylon, and I will cast them into Babylon and strike them down with the sword. [§]
Ki ko amar Yahveh hineni notenkha lemagor lekha ulkhol ohaveikha v'naflu becheret oyveheym ve'eynekha ro'ot ve'et kol Yehudah eten be-yad melekh Babel ve'higlam Babelah ve'hikam becheret.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'hineni' means 'behold' or 'here I am', 'notenkha' means 'I will give you' (literally 'I will place you'), 'lemagor' means 'to a trap' (magor = trap or snare), 'lekha' means 'to you', 'ulkol' means 'and all', 'ohaveikha' means 'your loved ones' (ahav = love, -eikha = your), 'v'naflu' means 'and they will fall', 'becheret' means 'by the sword', 'oyveheym' means 'their enemies', 've'eynekha' means 'and your eyes', 'ro'ot' means 'see', 've'et' means 'and', 'kol' means 'all', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'eten' means 'I will give', 'be-yad' means 'into the hand of', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 've'higlam' means 'and I will cast them', 'Babelah' means 'into Babylon', 've'hikam' means 'and I will strike them down', 'becheret' means 'with the sword'.
[JER.20.5] And I will give all the strength of this city, and all its waste, and all its precious things, and all the treasures of the kings of Judah, into the hand of their enemies, and in their dispersion and for their taking, I will bring them to Babylon. [§]
ve-natati et kol choshen ha-ir ha-zot ve-et kol yegi'ah ve-et kol yekarah ve-et kol otzrot malkei Yehudah eten be-yad oyvehem u-be-zazum u-lekchum ve-hevi'um ba-belah
've' means 'and', 'natati' means 'I will give', 'et' is the direct object marker (not translated), 'kol' means 'all', 'choshen' means 'strength' or 'might', 'ha-ir' means 'the city', 'ha-zot' means 'this', 'yegi'ah' means 'its waste' or 'its decay', 'yekarah' means 'its precious thing', 'otzrot' means 'treasures', 'malkei' means 'kings of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'eten' means 'I will give', 'be-yad' means 'into the hand of', 'oyvehem' means 'their enemies', 'u-be-zazum' means 'and in its dispersion', 'u-lekchum' means 'and for their taking', 've-hevi'um' means 'and I will bring them', 'ba-belah' means 'to Babylon'.
[JER.20.6] And you, Pashchur, and all those who dwell in your house will go in the morning, and you will go to Babylon; there you will die and there you will be buried, you and all your loved ones whom you have deceived with falsehood. [§]
ve'atah pashchur vechol yoshvei beitecha telchu bashevi u'vavel tavo ve'sham tamut ve'sham tikaver atah ve'chol-ohavecha asher-niv'eta lahem bashaker.
've'atah' means 'and you', 'pashchur' is a proper name meaning 'the defiled one' (here treated as a name), 'vechol' means 'and all', 'yoshvei' means 'those who dwell', 'beitecha' means 'in your house', 'telchu' means 'will go', 'bashevi' means 'in the morning', 'u'vavel' means 'and to Babylon', 'tavo' means 'you will come', 've'sham' means 'and there', 'tamut' means 'you will die', 've'sham' (again) means 'and there', 'tikaver' means 'you will be buried', 'atah' again 'you', 've'chol-ohavecha' means 'and all your loved ones', 'asher-niv'eta' means 'that you have deceived', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'bashaker' means 'with falsehood'.
[JER.20.7] You, Yahveh, have wearied me and I was exhausted; you strengthened me and you were sufficient; I became a laughingstock all day, all of it a mockery to me. [§]
Pittitani Yahveh va'efat chazaktani vatukhal hayiti lischok kol-hayam kulo loeg li.
'Pittitani' means 'you have wearied me', 'Yahveh' means the personal name of God, 'va'efat' means 'and I was exhausted', 'chazaktani' means 'you strengthened me', 'vatukhal' means 'and you were sufficient', 'hayiti' means 'I became', 'lishchok' means 'for laughter' or 'a laughingstock', 'kol-hayam' means 'all the day', 'kulo' means 'all of it', 'loeg' means 'a mockery', 'li' means 'to me'.
[JER.20.8] For as far as I speak I will cry out violence and oppression, I will call, because the word of Yahveh has become to me a reproach and a scorn all day. [§]
ki midi adaber ezak khamas vashod ekra ki haya devar Yahveh li lecherpah ulekeles kol hayom.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because'; 'midi' means 'as far as' or 'beyond'; 'adaber' means 'I will speak'; 'ezak' means 'I will cry out'; 'khamas' means 'violence'; 'vashod' means 'and oppression'; 'ekra' means 'I will call'; 'ki' again means 'because'; 'haya' means 'has become'; 'devar' means 'the word'; 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH; 'li' means 'to me'; 'lecherpah' means 'a reproach'; 'ulekeles' means 'and a scorn'; 'kol' means 'all'; 'hayom' means 'the day'.
[JER.20.9] And I said, I will not remember him and I will not speak again in his name, and it shall be in my heart like a burning fire, restrained in my bones, and I become like a sack and cannot. [§]
Veamarti lo-ezkerennu veLo-adaver od bishmo vehayah beLibbi ke'esh bo'eret atzur be'atzmotai venileiti kalkel velo uchal.
'Veamarti' means 'and I said', 'lo-ezkerennu' means 'I will not remember him', 'veLo-adaver' means 'and I will not speak', 'od' means 'again', 'bishmo' means 'in his name', 'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'beLibbi' means 'in my heart', 'ke'esh' means 'like fire', 'bo'eret' means 'burning', 'atzur' means 'restrained', 'be'atzmotai' means 'in my bones', 'venileiti' means 'and I become', 'kalkel' means 'like a sack', 'velo' means 'and not', 'uchal' means 'I can'.
[JER.20.10] For I have heard the report of many, a rumor spreads around; announce it and we will proclaim it, all man of my peace, keepers of my side; perhaps it will be pleasant and we will be able to act, and we will take our vengeance from him. [§]
Ki shamati dibat rabbim magor misaviv hageidu ve nagidenno kol enosh shlomi shomrei tzali ulai yefuteh ve nuchla lo ve nikha nikmatenu mimmenoo.
'Ki' means 'for', 'shamati' means 'I have heard', 'dibat' means 'the report', 'rabbim' means 'of many', 'magor' means 'a rumor' (literally 'a heap'), 'misaviv' means 'around', 'hageidu' means 'announce it', 've' means 'and', 'nagidenno' means 'we will tell it', 'kol' means 'all', 'enosh' means 'man', 'shlomi' means 'my peace', 'shomrei' means 'keepers of', 'tzali' means 'my side' or 'my flank', 'ulai' means 'perhaps', 'yefuteh' means 'it will be pleasant', 've' means 'and', 'nuchla' means 'we will be able', 'lo' means 'to it/him', 've' means 'and', 'nikha' means 'we will take', 'nikmatenu' means 'our vengeance', 'mimmenoo' means 'from him'.
[JER.20.11] Yahveh is my sign like a mighty, strong one; therefore my pursuers will be thwarted and will not prevail, they will be greatly ashamed, because they did not understand the everlasting word, you will not forget it. [§]
Vayahveh oti kegibor aritz al-ken rodefai yikashlu velo yukalu boshu meod ki-lo hiskilu klimat olam lo tishkach.
'Vayahveh' means 'and Yahveh'; 'oti' means 'my sign'; 'kegibor' means 'like a mighty one'; 'aritz' means 'strong' or 'valiant'; 'al-ken' means 'therefore'; 'rodefai' means 'my pursuers'; 'yikashlu' means 'will be thwarted' or 'will stumble'; 'velo' means 'and not'; 'yukalu' means 'they will be overcome'; 'boshu' means 'they will be ashamed'; 'meod' means 'greatly'; 'ki-lo' means 'because not'; 'hiskilu' means 'they understood'; 'klimat' means 'word'; 'olam' means 'everlasting' or 'forever'; 'lo' means 'not'; 'tishkach' means 'you will forget'. The divine name YHVH is rendered as 'Yahveh' per the translation rule.
[JER.20.12] And Yahveh of hosts examines the righteous who sees vessels and heart; I will see your vengeance from them because to you I have revealed the dispute. [§]
vayahveh tzvaot bochen tzaddik roeh kelayot valev ereh nikmatekha mehem ki elekha gilliti et rivi.
'vayahveh' means 'and Yahveh', 'tzvaot' means 'hosts', 'bochen' means 'examines', 'tzaddik' means 'the righteous', 'roeh' means 'who sees', 'kelayot' means 'vessels', 'valev' means 'and heart', 'ereh' means 'I will see', 'nikmatekha' means 'your vengeance', 'mehem' means 'from them', 'ki' means 'because', 'elekha' means 'to you', 'gilliti' means 'I have revealed', 'et rivi' means 'the dispute'.
[JER.20.13] Sing to Yahveh, praise Yahveh, because he rescued the soul of the poor from the hand of evildoers. [§]
Shiru laYahveh halelu et-Yahveh ki hitsil et-nefesh evyon mi-yad mereim.
'Shiru' means 'sing', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'halelu' means 'praise', 'et-Yahveh' means 'Yahveh' as the object of praise, 'ki' means 'because', 'hitsil' means 'rescued', 'et-nefesh' means 'the soul', 'evyon' means 'the poor' or 'the needy', 'mi-yad' means 'from the hand of', 'mereim' means 'evildoers'.
[JER.20.14] Cursed be the day I was born, cursed be the day my mother bore me! May it not be blessed. [§]
Arur hayom asher yulladti bo yom asher yeladteni imi al yehi baruch.
'Arur' means 'cursed', 'hayom' means 'the day', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'yulladti' means 'I was born', 'bo' means 'in it', 'yom' means 'day', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'yeladteni' means 'my mother bore me', 'imi' means 'my mother', 'al' means 'let not', 'yehi' means 'be', 'baruch' means 'blessed'.
[JER.20.15] Cursed is the man who reported to my father, saying, "A son is born to you, a male; make him rejoice." [§]
arur haish asher bassar et-abi le'emor yullad-lekha ben zakhar sameach simchahu.
'arur' means 'cursed', 'haish' means 'the man', 'asher' means 'who', 'bassar' means 'reported' or 'announced', 'et-abi' means 'my father', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'yullad-lekha' means 'has been born to you', 'ben' means 'son', 'zakhar' means 'male', 'sameach' means 'make rejoice' or 'rejoice', 'simchahu' means 'him' in the sense of 'rejoice him' or 'make him rejoice'.
[JER.20.16] And it shall be that the man who is like cities which Yahveh turned and did not relent, and he heard a cry in the morning and a shout at noon. [§]
ve-hayah ha-ish ha-hu ke'arim asher-hafach Yahveh ve-lo nicham ve-shama ze'akah ba-boker u-teru'ah be'et tzaharayim.
've-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ha-ish' means 'the man', 'ha-hu' means 'that one', 'ke'arim' means 'like cities', 'asher-hafach' means 'that turned', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHWH, 've-lo' means 'and not', 'nicham' means 'regret' or 'relent', 've-shama' means 'and heard', 'ze'akah' means 'a cry', 'ba-boker' means 'in the morning', 'u-teru'ah' means 'and a shout', 'be'et' means 'at the time', 'tzaharayim' means 'noons' or 'midday'.
[JER.20.17] that you have not caused my death from compassion, and you have become to me my mother, my burial, and everlasting compassion. [§]
asher lo-motetani merachem vatehi li imi kibri ve-rachmah harat olam.
'asher' means 'that which' or 'who', 'lo' means 'not', 'motetani' is a verb form meaning 'you cause me to die' (second person singular), 'merachem' means 'from mercy' or 'from compassion', 'vatehi' means 'and she/it became', 'li' means 'to me', 'imi' means 'my mother', 'kibri' means 'my burial' or 'my grave', 've-rachmah' means 'and compassion', 'harat' means 'everlasting' or 'eternal', 'olam' means 'forever' or 'everlasting'.
[JER.20.18] Why have I come out from the womb to see hardship and sorrow, and my days end in shame. [§]
Lamah zeh me-rechem yatsati lirot amal ve-yagon vayyiklu be-boshet yamai.
'Lamah' means 'why', 'zeh' means 'this', 'me-rechem' means 'from the womb', 'yatsati' means 'I have come out', 'lirot' means 'to see', 'amal' means 'hardship' or 'toil', 've-yagon' means 'and sorrow', 'vayyiklu' means 'and they have finished' or 'are ended', 'be-boshet' means 'in shame', 'yamai' means 'my days'.
JER.21
[JER.21.1] The word that was to Jeremiah from Yahveh when the king Zedekiah sent to him Pashchur son of Malkijah and Tzefanyah son of Maaseiah the priest, saying: [§]
ha-davar asher hayah el Yirmeyahu mei-et Yahveh bishloach elav ha-melekh Tzidkiyahu et Pashchur ben Malkiyah ve et Tzefanyah ben Maaseyah ha-kohein le'emor.
'ha-davar' means 'the word', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'hayah' means 'was', 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'mei-et' means 'from the mouth of' indicating origin, 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'bishloach' means 'when sending', 'elav' means 'to him', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Tzidkiyahu' is the name Zedekiah, 'et' is a direct‑object marker (often untranslated), 'Pashchur' is a personal name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Malkiyah' is a personal name, 've' means 'and', 'et' again a direct‑object marker, 'Tzefanyah' is a personal name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Maaseyah' is a personal name, 'ha-kohein' means 'the priest', 'le'emor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.21.2] Please intercede for us before Yahveh, because Nebuchadrezar king of Babylon waged war against us; perhaps Yahveh will act toward us as in all his wonders and will lift (the threat) from over us. [§]
darash na ba'adeinu et Yahveh ki Nebuchadrezar melekh Babel nilcham aleinu ulai ya'ase Yahveh otanu kechol niflaotav ve'ya'aleh me'aleinu.
'darash na' means 'please inquire' or 'please ask', 'ba'adeinu' means 'on our behalf', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ki' means 'because', 'Nebuchadrezar' is the name of the Babylonian king, 'melekh Babel' means 'king of Babylon', 'nilcham' means 'waged war', 'aleinu' means 'against us', 'ulai' means 'perhaps', 'ya'ase' means 'he will do', 'Yahveh' again is the name of God, 'otanu' means 'to us', 'kechol' means 'as all', 'niflaotav' means 'his wonders', 've'ya'aleh' means 'and will lift up/raise', 'me'aleinu' means 'from over us'.
[JER.21.3] And Jeremiah said to them, 'Thus you shall speak to Zedekiah.' [§]
Vayomer Yirmiyahu aleihem koh tomerun el Tzedekiyah.
'Vayomer' means 'and [he] said', 'Yirmiyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'koh' means 'thus', 'tomerun' means 'you shall say', 'el' means 'to', 'Tzedekiyah' means 'Zedekiah'.
[JER.21.4] Thus says Yahveh, the Gods of Israel, 'Behold, I am bringing around the weapons of war that are in your hand, which you are fighting with, the king of Babylon and the Chaldeans who are pressing you from outside the wall, and I will gather them into the middle of this city.' [§]
Koh-amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael hineni meseb et-k'lei ha-milchamah asher be-yedkhem asher atem nilchamim bam et-melekh Bavel ve-et ha-Kasdim ha-tsarim aleikhem mi-chutz la-chomah ve-asapti otam el-tokh ha-ir ha-zot.
'Koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH, 'Elohei' is the construct form of 'Elohim' meaning 'the Gods of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hineni' means 'behold' or 'here I am', 'meseb' means 'I am bringing around', 'et' is the accusative particle, 'k'lei' means 'the weapons', 'ha-milchamah' means 'of war', 'asher' means 'that', 'be-yedkhem' means 'in your hand', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'nilchamim' means 'are fighting', 'bam' means 'with them', 'et-melekh' means 'the king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 've-et' means 'and the', 'ha-Kasdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'ha-tsarim' means 'the pressing ones', 'aleikhem' means 'against you', 'mi-chutz' means 'from outside', 'la-chomah' means 'the wall', 've-asapti' means 'and I will gather', 'otam' means 'them', 'el-tokh' means 'into the middle of', 'ha-ir' means 'the city', 'ha-zot' means 'this'.
[JER.21.5] And I will fight with you with a stretched-out hand and with a strong arm, and with anger, with fury, and with great wrath. [§]
ve-nilchamti ani itchem be-yad netuya u-vi-zroa chazakah u-vi-af u-vi-chemah u-vi-ketsef gadol.
've' means 'and', 'nilchamti' means 'I will fight', 'ani' means 'I', 'itchem' means 'with you (plural)', 'be-yad' means 'with a hand', 'netuya' means 'stretched out', 'u-vi-zroa' means 'and with an arm', 'chazakah' means 'strong', 'u-vi-af' means 'and with anger', 'u-vi-chemah' means 'and with fury', 'u-vi-ketsef' means 'and with great wrath', 'gadol' means 'great'.
[JER.21.6] And I will strike the inhabitants of this city and the man and the beast with a great pestilence; they will die. [§]
Ve-hikkeiti et-yoshvei ha-ir hazot ve-et ha-adam ve-et ha-behemah be-dever gadol yamutu.
'Ve-hikkeiti' means 'and I will strike', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'yoshvei' means 'the dwellers/inhabitants', 'ha-ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 've-et' means 'and (the) ...', 'ha-adam' means 'the man', 've-et' again means 'and (the) ...', 'ha-behemah' means 'the beast', 'be-dever' means 'with pestilence', 'gadol' means 'great', 'yamutu' means 'they will die'.
[JER.21.7] And after this, says Yahveh, I will give Zedekiah king of Judah, and his servants, and the people, and the remaining ones in this city from the plague, from the sword, and from the famine, into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and into the hand of their enemies, and into the hand of those who seek their lives, and I will strike them with the sword; they will not have mercy on them, nor will they have compassion, nor will they be merciful. [§]
ve'acharei-ken ne'um-Yahveh eten et-Zedekiyahu melekh-Yehudah ve'et-avadav ve'et-ha'am ve'et-hanisharim ba'ir-hazot min-hadever min-hacheret umin-hara'av be-yad Nebuchadrezar melekh-Babel uve-yad oyvehem uve-yad mevakshei-nafsham ve'hikkm lefi-cheret lo-yachus alehem ve'lo yachmol ve'lo yerachem.
've'acharei-ken' means 'and after this', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh' (YHVH rendered as Yahveh), 'eten' means 'I will give', 'et-Zedekiyahu' means 'Zedekiah' (the name of the king), 'melekh-Yehudah' means 'king of Judah', 've'et-avadav' means 'and his servants', 've'et-ha'am' means 'and the people', 've'et-hanisharim' means 'and the remaining ones', 'ba'ir-hazot' means 'in this city', 'min-hadever' means 'from the plague', 'min-hacheret' means 'from the sword', 'umin-haraav' means 'from the famine', 'be-yad Nebuchadrezar' means 'into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar', 'melekh-Babel' means 'king of Babylon', 'uve-yad oyvehem' means 'and into the hand of their enemies', 'uve-yad mevakshei-nafsham' means 'and into the hand of those seeking their lives', 've'hikkm lefi-cheret' means 'and I will strike them with the sword', 'lo-yachus alehem' means 'they shall not have mercy on them', 've'lo yachmol' means 'nor will they have compassion', 've'lo yerachem' means 'nor will they be merciful'.
[JER.21.8] And to this people you shall say, thus said Yahveh, Behold, I am giving before you the way of life and the way of death. [§]
Veel ha'am hazeh tomar koh amar Yahveh hineni naten lifneichem et derech ha-chayim ve'et derech ha-mavet.
'Veel' means 'and to', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'tomar' means 'you shall say', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hineni' means 'behold' or 'here I am', 'naten' means 'I am giving', 'lifneichem' means 'before you', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'derech' means 'way', 'ha-chayim' means 'the life', 've'' means 'and', 'et' again marks the object, 'derech' means 'way', 'ha-mavet' means 'the death'.
[JER.21.9] The dweller in this city will die by sword, by famine, and by pestilence, and the one who goes out and falls upon the oppressors, the narrow ones over you, will live, and his soul will be for plunder. [§]
Hayoshev ba'ir hazot yamut ba'cherav uvarav uva-daver vehayotze venafal al-hakassdim hatzarim aleichem yechayah vehayetah-lo nafsho leshalal.
'Hayoshev' means 'the dweller', 'ba'ir' means 'in the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'yamet' means 'will die', 'ba'cherav' means 'by the sword', 'uvarav' means 'and by famine', 'uva-daver' means 'and by pestilence', 'vehayotze' means 'and the one who goes out', 'venafal' means 'and falls', 'al-hakassdim' means 'upon the oppressors', 'hatzarim' means 'the narrow (ones) / the distressed', 'aleichem' means 'upon you (plural)', 'yechayah' means 'will live', 'vehayetah-lo' means 'and it will be for him', 'nafsho' means 'his soul', 'leshalal' means 'as plunder'.
[JER.21.10] For I have placed my face in this city for evil and not for good, says Yahveh; by the hand of the king of Babylon you will be given, and it will be burned with fire. [§]
Ki samti panai ba'ir hazot le-ra'ah ve-lo le-tovah ne'um-Yahveh be-yad melech Bavel tinnaten u-srefah ba'esh.
'Ki' means 'for', 'samti' means 'I have placed', 'panai' means 'my face', 'ba'ir' means 'in the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'le-ra'ah' means 'for evil', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'le-tovah' means 'for good', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'be-yad' means 'by the hand of', 'melech' means 'king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'tinnaten' means 'you will give/hand over', 'u-srefah' means 'and its burning', 'ba'esh' means 'in fire'.
[JER.21.11] And to the house of the king of Judah, listen to the word of Yahveh. [§]
u lebeit melech Yehudah shimu devar Yahveh
'u' is the conjunction 'and', 'lebeit' means 'to the house', 'melech' means 'king', 'Yehudah' is the name 'Judah', 'shimu' means 'listen', 'devar' means 'the word', 'Yahveh' is the proper name of God.
[JER.21.12] House of David, thus says Yahveh: Judge the morning with judgment and rescue the plundered from the hand of the oppressor, lest my wrath go out like fire and burn, and there is none to extinguish because of the evil of their deeds. [§]
Beit David ko amar Yahveh din-u la-boker mishpat ve-hatzilu gazul mi-yad osheq pen tetseh kaesh chamatay u-varah ve-ein makabeh mi-penei roa ma-alleihem.
'Beit' means 'house', 'David' is the personal name David, 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'din-u' means 'judge', 'la-boker' means 'in the morning', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 've-hatzilu' means 'and rescue', 'gazul' means 'plundered', 'mi-yad' means 'from the hand of', 'osheq' means 'the oppressor', 'pen' means 'lest', 'tetseh' means 'go out', 'kaesh' means 'like fire', 'chamatay' means 'my wrath', 'u-varah' means 'and burn', 've-ein' means 'and there is none', 'makabeh' means 'to extinguish', 'mi-penei' means 'because of', 'roa' means 'evil', 'ma-alleihem' means 'their deeds'.
[JER.21.13] Behold, I am to you, sitting in the valley, the rock of the stronghold, declares Yahveh, those who say, 'Who will attack us, and who will come into our strong places?' [§]
Hineni elayich yoshevet ha'emek tzur ha-mishor ne'um Yahveh ha'omerim mi yechat alenu u-mi yavo bimonotenu.
'Hineni' means 'Behold, I am'; 'elayich' means 'to you' (feminine); 'yoshevet' means 'sitting' or 'dwelling'; 'ha'emek' means 'the valley'; 'tzur' means 'rock' or 'cliff'; 'ha-mishor' means 'the stronghold' or 'fortified place'; 'ne'um' means 'declares' or 'says'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH; 'ha'omerim' means 'those who say'; 'mi' means 'who'; 'yechat' means 'will attack' or 'press against'; 'alenu' means 'against us'; 'u-mi' means 'and who'; 'yavo' means 'will come'; 'bimonotenu' means 'into our strong places' or 'in our fortified dwellings'.
[JER.21.14] And I will punish you for your iniquity, says Yahveh; and I will set fire in the forest, and it shall devour all its surroundings. [§]
u'fakadti aleikhem kipri ma'alleikhem ne'um Yahveh vehitztzi esh beyaarah ve'achalah kol-seviveha.
'u'fakadti' means 'and I will punish'; 'aleikhem' means 'upon you (plural)'; 'kipri' means 'your iniquity'; 'ma'alleikhem' means 'your transgressions'; 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh'; 'vehitztzi' means 'and I will set'; 'esh' means 'fire'; 'beyaarah' means 'in the forest'; 've'achalah' means 'and it shall devour'; 'kol-seviveha' means 'all its surroundings'.
JER.22
[JER.22.1] Thus said Yahveh, go to the house of the king of Judah and speak there this word. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh red beit melek Yehuda ve-dibarta sham et ha-davar hazeh.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'red' means 'go' (imperative), 'beit' means 'house', 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehuda' means 'Judah', 've-dibarta' means 'and you shall speak', 'sham' means 'there', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (not rendered in English), 'ha-davar' means 'the word', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.22.2] And you shall say, Hear the word of Yahveh, king of Judah, who sits on the throne of David, you and your servants and your people who are coming through these gates. [§]
ve'amarta sh'ma devar Yahveh melekh Yehudah hayyoshev al kise David atah veavadecha ve'ammecha habaim bash'aarim ha'eleh.
've' means 'and', 'amarta' means 'you will say', 'sh'ma' means 'listen' or 'hear', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'melekh' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'hayyoshev' means 'who sits', 'al' means 'on', 'kise' means 'throne', 'David' is the name David, 'atah' means 'you', 'veavadecha' means 'and your servants', 've'ammecha' means 'and your people', 'habaim' means 'who are coming', 'bash'aarim' means 'through the gates', 'ha'eleh' means 'these'.
[JER.22.3] Thus says Yahveh: Do justice and righteousness and rescue the stolen from the hand of transgression, and protect the orphan and the widow; do not oppress, do not plunder, and do not spill pure blood in this place. [§]
koh amar Yahveh asu mishpat utzedakah vehatizilu gazul miyad ashok veger yatom vealmanah al-tonu al-tachmosu ve'dam naki al-tishpechu bamakom hazeh
'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'asu' means 'do', 'mishpat' means 'justice', 'utzedakah' means 'and righteousness', 'vehatizilu' means 'and rescue', 'gazul' means 'the stolen', 'miyad' means 'from the hand of', 'ashok' means 'transgression', 'veger' means 'and the stranger', 'yatom' means 'orphan', 'vealmanah' means 'and widow', 'al-tonu' means 'do not oppress', 'al-tachmosu' means 'do not plunder', 've'dam' means 'and blood', 'naki' means 'pure', 'al-tishpechu' means 'do not spill', 'bamakom' means 'in the place', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.22.4] For if you do this thing and they entered through the gates of this house, the kings sitting for David on his throne, riding in chariots and on horses, he and his servants and his people. [§]
ki im aso ta'asu et hadavar hazeh uvau basha'arei habayit hazeh melachim yoshev leDavid al kisvo rokhvim barechev uvasusim hu va'avado ve'amo.
'ki' means 'for', 'im' means 'if', 'aso' means 'you will do', 'ta'asu' means 'you will do' (imperative), 'et' is the direct object marker, 'hadavar' means 'the thing', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'uvau' means 'and they came', 'basha'arei' means 'in the gates of', 'habayit' means 'the house', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'melachim' means 'kings', 'yoshev' means 'sitting', 'leDavid' means 'for David', 'al' means 'upon', 'kisvo' means 'his throne', 'rokhvim' means 'riding', 'barechev' means 'in the chariot', 'uvasusim' means 'and on horses', 'hu' means 'he', 'va'avado' means 'and his servants', 've'amo' means 'and his people'.
[JER.22.5] And if you do not hear these words, I have sworn, says Yahveh, that this house shall become a sword. [§]
Ve'im lo tishme'u et ha-dvarim ha'eleh bi nishba'ti ne'um Yahveh ki lecharbah yiheye ha-bayit ha-zeh.
'Ve'im' means 'and if', 'lo' means 'not', 'tishme\'u' means 'you will hear', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'ha-dvarim' means 'the words', 'ha'eleh' means 'these', 'bi' means 'by me', 'nishba\'ti' means 'I have sworn', 'ne\'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ki' means 'that', 'lecharbah' means 'to a sword' (i.e., become a sword), 'yiheye' means 'it will be', 'ha-bayit' means 'the house', 'ha-zeh' means 'this'.
[JER.22.6] For thus says Yahveh concerning the house of the king of Judah: Gilad, you are to me the head of Lebanon; if I do not place you in the desert, cities will not dwell there. [§]
ki koh amar Yahveh al beit melekh Yehudah Gilad attah li rosh hallevanon im lo asitecha midbar arim lo noshavuh.
'ki' means 'because' or 'for'; 'koh' means 'thus' or 'so'; 'amar' means 'said'; 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH; 'al' means 'concerning' or 'against'; 'beit' means 'house'; 'melekh' means 'king'; 'Yehudah' means 'Judah'; 'Gilad' is a proper name meaning 'eternal joy' or a place name; 'attah' means 'you'; 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me'; 'rosh' means 'head' or 'chief'; 'hallevanon' means 'the Lebanon' (mountain region); 'im' means 'if'; 'lo' means 'not'; 'asitecha' means 'I will place you' (from the root 'shalav' to place); 'midbar' means 'desert' or 'wilderness'; 'arim' means 'cities'; 'lo' again means 'not'; 'noshavuh' means 'they will dwell' or 'they will inhabit'.
[JER.22.7] And I will sanctify upon you the destroyers, a man and his vessel, and they will cut from your selected cedars and cast them into the fire. [§]
vekidash'ti alekha mashchitim ish ve'khelav ve'kartu mibkhar erazekha vehipilu al ha'esh.
'vekidash'ti' means 'and I will sanctify', 'alekha' means 'upon you', 'mashchitim' means 'destroyers', 'ish' means 'a man', 've'khelav' means 'and his vessel', 've'kartu' means 'and they will cut', 'mibkhar' means 'from the choice/selection', 'erazekha' means 'your cedars', 'vehipilu' means 'and they will cast/turn', 'al ha'esh' means 'into the fire'.
[JER.22.8] And many nations passed over this city, and they said, 'Man to his companion, why did Yahveh do thus to this great city?' [§]
Ve'avru goyim rabbim al ha'ir hazot ve'amaru ish el-re'ehu almah asa Yahveh kachah la'ir ha-gedolah hazot.
'Ve'avru' means 'and they passed over', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'rabbim' means 'many', 'al' means 'against' or 'upon', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 've'amaru' means 'and they said', 'ish' means 'a man', 'el-re'ehu' means 'to his companion', 'almah' (from 'al-mah') means 'why' or 'for what', 'asa' means 'did' or 'made', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, 'kachah' means 'thus' or 'in this way', 'la'ir' means 'to the city', 'ha-gedolah' means 'the great', and the final 'hazot' repeats 'this'.
[JER.22.9] And they will say because they have forsaken the covenant of Yahveh their Gods and bowed down to other gods and served them. [§]
ve'amru al asher azvu et-brit Yahveh eloheihem vayishtachu le'elohim acherim vayaa'vum.
've'amru' means 'and they will say', 'al' means 'because' or 'about', 'asher' means 'that', 'azvu' means 'they have forsaken', 'et-brit' means 'the covenant', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'eloheihem' means 'their Gods' (Elohim translated as the Gods), 'vayishtachu' means 'and they bowed down', 'le'elohim' means 'to gods', 'acherim' means 'other', 'vayaa'vum' means 'and they served them'.
[JER.22.10] Do not weep for the dead, and do not lament for him; weep in mourning for the one who walks, because he will not return again and will see the land of his birth. [§]
Al-tivku lemet ve-al-tanudu lo, beku bakho laholech ki lo yashuv od ve'ra'ah et eretz moladto.
'Al' means 'do not', 'tivku' means 'you will weep', 'lemet' means 'for the dead', 've' means 'and', 'al' means 'do not', 'tanudu' means 'you will lament', 'lo' means 'for him', 'beku' means 'weep', 'bakho' means 'in weeping', 'laholech' means 'the one who walks/goes', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'yashuv' means 'will return', 'od' means 'again', 've' means 'and', 'ra'ah' means 'will see', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'eretz' means 'land', 'moladto' means 'of his birth'.
[JER.22.11] For thus says Yahveh to Shallum son of Josiah king of Judah the king who reigned under Josiah his father who went out from this place shall not return there again. [§]
Ki ko amar-Yahveh el-Shallum ben-Yoshiyahu melekh Yehudah hamolekh tachat Yoshiyahu aviv asher yatze min-hamakom hazeh lo-yashuv sham od.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus' or 'so', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'Shallum' is a proper name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Yoshiyahu' is the name Josiah, 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'molekh' means 'reigned' or 'ruled', 'tachat' means 'under', 'aviv' means 'his father', 'asher' means 'who', 'yatze' means 'went out', 'min' means 'from', 'ha' means 'the', 'makom' means 'place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'lo' means 'not', 'yashuv' means 'return', 'sham' means 'there', 'od' means 'again'.
[JER.22.12] For in the place where they have cast him out, there he will die, and this land will not be seen again. [§]
Ki be-makom asher higlu oto sham yamut ve-et ha-aretz hazot lo yireh od.
'Ki' means 'for', 'be-makom' means 'in the place', 'asher' means 'where', 'higlu' means 'they have cast out' or 'they expelled', 'oto' means 'him', 'sham' means 'there', 'yamet' means 'he will die', 've-et' is a conjunction meaning 'and' plus the direct object marker, 'ha-aretz' means 'the land', 'hazot' means 'this', 'lo' means 'not', 'yireh' means 'will be seen', 'od' means 'again' or 'anymore'.
[JER.22.13] Woe to the one who builds his house without righteousness, and his altars without judgment; his neighbor works for him for nothing, and his labor he will not give to him. [§]
Hoy boneh beito belo tzedek vaaliyotav belo mishpat breehu yaavod chinam ufoalehu lo yitten lo.
'Hoy' means 'Woe', 'boneh' means 'builder' or 'building', 'beito' means 'his house', 'belo tzedek' means 'without righteousness', 'vaaliyotav' means 'and his altars', 'belo mishpat' means 'without judgment', 'breehu' means 'with his neighbor', 'yaavod chinam' means 'works for him for nothing', 'ufoalehu' means 'and his work', 'lo yitten lo' means 'he will not give to him'.
[JER.22.14] The one who says, 'I will build for myself a house of measures and lofty, blessed things, and he will tear his own sandals, cut the cedar, and anoint with ash.' [§]
Ha'omer evne li beit midot ve'alayot meruchim ve'kara lo challonai ve-safun ba'arez u-mashoach ba-shashar.
'Ha'omer' means 'the one who says'. 'evne' means 'I will build'. 'li' means 'for me' or 'for myself'. 'beit' means 'house'. 'midot' means 'measures' or 'standards'. 've'alayot' means 'and ascents' or 'and lofty things'. 'meruchim' means 'blessed' or 'prosperous'. 've'kara' means 'and he will tear' or 'rip'. 'lo' means 'for him' or 'his'. 'challonai' means 'my sandals' (plural). 've-safun' means 'and will cut' or 'slice'. 'ba'arez' means 'the cedar'. 'u-mashoach' means 'and anointed'. 'ba-shashar' means 'with the ash' or 'with the grass'. The verse is an idiomatic proverb using vivid images of building, tearing, cutting, and anointing to convey a message about folly and extravagance.
[JER.22.15] Will you reign because you are a rival in the wheat, your father, is it not that you eat and drink and act in judgment and righteousness? Then it is good to him. [§]
hatimlokh ki attah metachareh baerez avikha haloo achal veshetah ve'asa mishpat utzedakah az tov lo.
'hatimlokh' means 'will you reign', 'ki' means 'because', 'attah' means 'you', 'metachareh' means 'are a rival' or 'compete', 'baerez' means 'in the wheat/barley', 'avikha' means 'your father', 'haloo' means 'is it not', 'achal' means 'you eat', 'veshetah' means 'and you drink', 've'asa' means 'and you do/act', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'utzedakah' means 'and righteousness', 'az' means 'then', 'tov' means 'good', 'lo' means 'to him'.
[JER.22.16] Judge the judgment of the poor and the needy; then, is it not good that the knowledge of me says Yahveh. [§]
Dan din-ani ve-evyon az tov halo-hi ha-da'at oti ne'um-Yahveh.
'Dan' means 'Judge' (imperative). 'din' means 'judgment' and 'ani' means 'poor', together 'din-ani' = 'judgment of the poor'. 've' is the conjunction 'and'. 'evyon' means 'the needy' or 'the poor'. 'az' means 'then' or 'at that time'. 'tov' means 'good'. 'halo' means 'is it not' (a rhetorical question). 'hi' means 'she' or refers to a feminine noun previously implied, here part of the idiom 'halo hi' = 'is it not'. 'ha-da'at' means 'the knowledge' (with the definite article). 'oti' means 'me' as a direct object, here 'the knowledge of me'. 'ne'um' means 'says' or 'utterance'. 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.22.17] For you have no eyes and no heart, but only on your own side, and on the blood of the innocent to be poured out, and on greed and on plunder to be done. [§]
Ki ein eynache ve'livkha ki im al bits'ekha ve'al dam hanaki lishpokh ve'al ha'osheq ve'al ha'merutsa la'asot.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ein' means 'there is not' or 'no', 'eynache' means 'your eyes', 've' is the conjunction 'and', 'livkha' means 'your heart', 'ki' again means 'but', 'im' means 'only', 'al' means 'upon' or 'concerning', 'bits'ekha' (literally 'your side' or 'your own interest'), 've'al' means 'and upon', 'dam' means 'blood', 'hanaki' means 'the innocent', 'lishpokh' means 'to pour out' (lit. 'to spill'), 've'al' again means 'and upon', 'ha'osheq' means 'the greed', 've'al' again 'and upon', 'ha'merutsa' means 'the spoil' or 'the plunder', 'la'asot' means 'to do' or 'to cause'. The verse uses vivid imagery of a person lacking moral perception (eyes and heart) and being driven only by self‑interest, willing to shed innocent blood and act on greed and plunder.
[JER.22.18] Therefore thus says Yahveh to Yehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah: They shall not mourn for him, woe, my brother, and woe, my sister; they shall not mourn for him, woe, my lord, and woe, my splendor. [§]
Lachen kho-amar Yahveh el-Yehoiakim ben-Yoshiyahu melek Yehudah lo yispedu lo hoy achi ve-hoy aḥot lo yispedu lo hoy adon ve-hoy hodo.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'kho-amar' means 'thus said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'Yehoiakim' is the personal name of the king, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Yoshiyahu' is the name Josiah, 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'lo' means 'not', 'yispedu' means 'they will lament/mourn', 'lo' again 'for him', 'hoy' means 'woe', 'achi' means 'my brother', 've' means 'and', 'aḥot' means 'my sister', the second 'lo yispedu lo' repeats 'they will not mourn for him', 'adon' means 'my lord', and 'hodo' means 'my splendor' or 'my glory'.
[JER.22.19] The burial of a donkey will bury Sakhov and cast the abundance to the gates of Jerusalem. [§]
keburat chamor yikaber sakhov vehashlech mehaleah leshaarei yerushalayim.
'keburat' means 'burial', 'chamor' means 'donkey', 'yikaber' means 'he will bury', 'sakhov' is treated as a proper name, 'vehashlech' means 'and will cast out', 'meh...leah' means 'from the abundance', 'leshaarei' means 'to the gates of', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem'.
[JER.22.20] Go up the Lebanon and shout, and in Bashan give your voice, and shout from beyond because all your lovers are broken. [§]
Ali haLevanon u-tzeaki uvaBashan tni kolekh ve-tzaaki meaverim ki nishberu kol-meahavayikh.
'Ali' means 'go up', 'haLevanon' means 'the Lebanon', 'u-tzeaki' means 'and shout', 'uvaBashan' means 'in Bashan', 'tni' means 'give', 'kolekh' means 'your voice', 've-tzaaki' means 'and shout', 'meaverim' means 'from beyond', 'ki' means 'because', 'nishberu' means 'they are broken', 'kol' means 'all', 'meahavayikh' means 'your lovers'.
[JER.22.21] I spoke to you in your tranquility; you said, 'I will not hear this: your way from your youth, because you have not heard my voice.' [§]
dibarti elayich be'shalvatayich amarti lo eshma zeh darkeich minna'urayich ki lo shamat be'koli.
'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'elayich' means 'to you' (feminine), 'be'shalvatayich' means 'in your tranquility', 'amarti' means 'you said', 'lo' means 'not', 'eshma' means 'I will hear' (first person), together 'lo eshma' means 'I will not hear', 'zeh' means 'this', 'darkeich' means 'your way', 'minna'urayich' means 'from your youth', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo shamat' means 'you did not hear', 'be'koli' means 'in my voice'.
[JER.22.22] All your shepherds will feed the wind and your lovers will go in the desolation, because then you will be ashamed and humbled from all your evil. [§]
Kol ro'ayich tir'eh ruach u-me'ahavayich ba shevi yelechu ki az teboshi ve-nikhlamt mikol ra'ateich.
'Kol' means 'all', 'ro'ayich' means 'your shepherds', 'tir'eh' means 'you will feed', 'ruach' means 'the wind', 'u-me'ahavayich' means 'and your lovers', 'ba' means 'in the', 'shevi' means 'desolation' or 'waste', 'yelechu' means 'they will go', 'ki' means 'because', 'az' means 'then', 'teboshi' means 'you will be ashamed', 've-nikhlamt' means 'and you will be humbled', 'mikol' means 'from all', 'ra'ateich' means 'your evil'.
[JER.22.23] I sat in Lebanon, I have settled among the cedars; what favor have you shown when you came, ropes and strength like a newborn. [§]
yoshavti balavanon mekunaneti ba'arazim mah-nechant bvo-lach chavalim chil kayyoleda.
'yoshavti' means 'I sat', 'balavanon' means 'in Lebanon', 'mekunaneti' means 'I have settled' or 'I am established', 'ba'arazim' means 'among the cedars', 'mah-nechant' means 'what have you shown favor to me' (from the root nachan, to be gracious), 'bvo-lach' means 'when you came', 'chavalim' means 'ropes', 'chil' means 'strength' or 'force', 'kayyoleda' means 'like a newborn' or 'as a child'.
[JER.22.24] I am alive, says Yahveh, if Kanyahu son of Yehoyakim king of Judah shall seal upon my right hand, for from there I will strike you. [§]
Chai ani neum Yahveh ki im yihyeh Kanyahu ben Yehoyakim melekh Yehudah chotam al yad yemini ki misham etkenkha.
'Chai' means 'alive', 'ani' means 'I', 'neum' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'im' means 'if', 'yihyeh' means 'it shall be', 'Kanyahu' is a proper name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Yehoyakim' is a proper name, 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'chotam' means 'seal', 'al' means 'upon', 'yad' means 'hand', 'yemini' means 'my right', 'ki' means 'for', 'misham' means 'from there', 'etkenkha' means 'I will strike you'.
[JER.22.25] And I will give you into the hand of those who seek your life, and into the hand of the one you fear before them, and into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and into the hand of the Chaldeans. [§]
unetattiha be yad mevakshei napsecha uve yad asher atah yagor mipneihem uve yad nebukadrezar melech Bavel uve yad hakkasdiyim.
'unetattiha' means 'I will give you', 'be yad' means 'into the hand of', 'mevakshei' means 'those seeking', 'napsecha' means 'your life/soul', 'uve yad' means 'and into the hand of', 'asher atah' means 'who you', 'yagor' means 'fear', 'mipneihem' means 'before them', 'nebukadrezar' is the name of the Babylonian king, 'melech Bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'hakkasdiyim' means 'the Chaldeans'.
[JER.22.26] And I will cast you and your mother who bore you upon another earth which you have not been born, there and there you will die. [§]
vehetaltiti otkha ve'et immekha asher yeldat'kha al haaretz acheret asher lo yulladtem sham vesham tamutu.
'vehetaltiti' means 'and I will cast away', 'otkha' means 'you', 've'et immekha' means 'and your mother', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'yeldat'kha' means 'who gave birth to you', 'al' means 'upon', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'acheret' means 'another', 'lo yulladtem' means 'you have not been born', 'sham' means 'there', 'vesham' means 'and there', 'tamutu' means 'you will die'.
[JER.22.27] And upon the earth that they are lifting their souls to return there, there they will not return. [§]
ve'al haaretz asher-hem menasse'im et naphsham lashuv sham shamah lo yashuvu.
've'al' means 'and upon', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'hem' means 'they', 'menasse'im' (from root n-s-a) means 'are carrying up' or 'are lifting', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'naphsham' means 'their souls', 'lashuv' means 'to return', 'sham' means 'there', the second 'shamah' reinforces 'there', 'lo' means 'not', 'yashuvu' means 'they will return'.
[JER.22.28] The sorrow is despised, scattered; this man Kanyahu, if worthless, there is no desire in him. Why they cast him and his seed, and they were thrown onto the earth that they did not know. [§]
ha'etsev nivzeh naputz ha'ish hazeh kanyahu im-keli ein chefetz bo madua hutalu hu ve-zaro ve-hushl'chu al ha'aretz asher lo yada'u.
'ha'etsev' means 'the sorrow', 'nivzeh' means 'is despised', 'naputz' means 'is scattered', 'ha'ish' means 'the man', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'kanyahu' is a personal name, 'im-keli' means 'if worthless', 'ein' means 'there is no', 'chefetz' means 'desire' or 'pleasing', 'bo' means 'in him', 'madua' means 'why', 'hutalu' means 'they cast', 'hu' means 'he', 've-zaro' means 'and his seed', 've-hushl'chu' means 'and they were thrown', 'al ha'aretz' means 'upon the earth', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo yada'u' means 'they did not know'.
[JER.22.29] Land, land, O land, listen to the word of Yahveh. [§]
Eretz erets aratz shimi dvar Yahveh.
'Eretz' means 'land', repeated for emphasis. 'Aratz' is another form of 'erets' also meaning 'land'. 'Shimi' is the masculine singular imperative meaning 'listen!'. 'Dvar' means 'word' and 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH. The verse thus urges the land itself to attend to the word of Yahveh.
[JER.22.30] Thus says Yahveh, write the man this barren man shall not prosper in his days, for he shall not prosper from his seed: a man who sits on the throne of David and will still rule in Judah. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh kitvu et-haias hazeh ariri gever lo yitzlach beyamav ki lo yitzlach mizaro ish yoshev al kisei David umoshel od bihudah.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the divine name YHVH, 'kitvu' means 'write' (imperative plural), 'et' is the direct object marker, 'ha-ais' means 'the man', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'ariri' means 'barren' or 'unfruitful', 'gever' means 'man' (used for emphasis), 'lo' means 'not', 'yitzlach' means 'shall prosper' or 'succeed', 'beyamav' means 'in his days', 'ki' means 'for', the second 'lo yitzlach' repeats 'shall not prosper', 'mizaro' means 'from his seed' or 'offspring', 'ish' means 'a man', 'yoshev' means 'who sits', 'al' means 'on', 'kisei' means 'the throne of', 'David' is the name David, 'umoshel' means 'and will rule', 'od' means 'still' or 'again', 'bihudah' means 'in Judah'.
JER.23
[JER.23.1] Woe to the shepherds who destroy and tear apart my flock, says Yahveh. [§]
Hoi ro'im me'abbdim u-mefitzim et tzon mar'iti neum Yahveh.
'Hoi' means 'Woe', 'ro'im' means 'shepherds', 'me'abbdim' means 'who destroy', 'u-mefitzim' means 'and who tear apart', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'tzon' means 'flock', 'mar'iti' means 'my pasture' (i.e., my flock), 'neum Yahveh' means 'declares Yahveh' or 'says Yahveh'.
[JER.23.2] Therefore thus says Yahveh the Gods of Israel concerning the shepherds shepherding my people you have scattered my flock and have driven them away and you have not accounted for them behold I will account against you the shepherd who has ruined you says Yahveh. [§]
Lachen ko amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael al haroim haroim et ami atem hapitzotem et tzoani vattadi chum velo pekadtam otam hineni poked aleichem et roa maalelichem neum Yahveh.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohei' is the construct form of 'Elohim' translated as 'the Gods', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'al' means 'concerning', 'haroim' means 'the shepherds', repeated for emphasis, 'et' is the accusative marker, 'ami' means 'my people', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'hapitzotem' means 'have scattered', 'tzoani' means 'my flock', 'vattadi' means 'and have driven', 'chum' means 'them away', 'velo' means 'and not', 'pekadtam' means 'you accounted for', 'otam' means 'them', 'hineni' means 'behold', 'poked' means 'I will account', 'aleichem' means 'against you', 'roa' means 'the shepherd', 'maalelichem' means 'who has ruined you', 'neum' means 'says', 'Yahveh' again is the literal name of God.
[JER.23.3] And I will gather the remnant of my flock from all the nations where I have driven them, and I will bring them back onto their pasture, and they will breed and increase. [§]
va ani akabetz et sherit tsoni mikol ha aratzot asher hidachti otam sham vahashivoti ethhen al nevehen ufaru veravu.
'va' means 'and', 'ani' means 'I', 'akabetz' means 'will gather', 'et' is a direct object marker (no English equivalent), 'sherit' means 'the remnant', 'tsoni' means 'of my flock', 'mikol' means 'from all', 'ha aratzot' means 'the nations/lands', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'hidachti' means 'I have driven', 'otam' means 'them', 'sham' means 'there', 'va' again means 'and', 'hashivoti' means 'I will bring back', 'ethhen' means 'them', 'al' means 'onto', 'nevehen' means 'their pasture', 'u' means 'and', 'faru' means 'they will breed', 've' means 'and', 'ravu' means 'they will increase'.
[JER.23.4] And I will set up over them shepherds and they will be scattered, and they will no longer fear, and they will not be humbled, and they will not be punished, says Yahveh. [§]
Vehaqimoti aleihem ro'im v'ra'um velo yireu od velo yechatto velo yipakedu ne'um-Yahveh.
'Vehaqimoti' means 'and I will set up', 'alēhem' means 'over them', 'ro'im' means 'shepherds', 'v'ra'um' means 'and they will be scattered', 'velo' means 'and they will not', 'yireu' means 'fear', 'od' means 'anymore', the second 'velo' repeats 'and they will not', 'yechatto' means 'be humbled', the third 'velo' repeats 'and they will not', 'yipakedu' means 'be punished', 'ne'um' means 'says', and 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.23.5] Behold, days are coming, says Yahveh, and I will establish for David a righteous sprout and a king who shall reign, be wise, and execute judgment and righteousness in the land. [§]
Hinneh yamim ba'im ne'um-Yahveh vahaqimoti leDavid tzemach tzaddik u-malach melech ve-hiskil ve-asah mishpat u-tzedakah baaretz.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ba'im' means 'are coming', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'vahaqimoti' means 'and I will establish', 'leDavid' means 'for David', 'tzemach' means 'sprout', 'tzaddik' means 'righteous', 'u-malach' means 'and a king', 'melech' means 'shall reign', 've-hiskil' means 'and will be wise', 've-asah' means 'and will do', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'u-tzedakah' means 'and righteousness', 'baaretz' means 'in the land'.
[JER.23.6] In his days Judah will be saved and Israel will dwell securely; and this is his name which he calls Yahveh our righteousness. Selah. [§]
Beyamav tiwashah Yehudah veYisrael yishkon lavetach veze shemo asher yikreo Yahveh tsidkenu Selah.
'Beyamav' means 'in his days', 'tiwashah' means 'will be saved', 'Yehudah' is the name 'Judah', 'veYisrael' means 'and Israel', 'yishkon' means 'will dwell', 'lavetach' means 'securely', 'veze' means 'and this', 'shemo' means 'his name', 'asher' means 'which', 'yikreo' means 'he will call', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tsidkenu' means 'our righteousness', and 'Selah' is a musical/ liturgical mark often left untranslated.
[JER.23.7] Therefore, behold, days are coming, says Yahveh, and they will no longer say, 'the Living Yahveh who raised the children of Israel from the land of Egypt.' [§]
Lachen hinee yamim ba'im ne'um Yahveh ve'lo yo'ameru od chai-Yahveh asher he'ela et-b'nei Yisrael me'eretz Mitzrayim.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'hinee' means 'behold', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ba'im' means 'are coming', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 've'lo' means 'and not', 'yo'ameru' means 'they will say', 'od' means 'anymore', 'chai-Yahveh' means 'the Living Yahveh' (an idiom for the living God), 'asher' means 'who', 'he'ela' means 'raised' or 'brought up', 'et-b'nei' means 'the children of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land of', and 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'. The phrase 'chai-Yahveh' is rendered literally as 'the Living Yahveh' to preserve the idiomatic emphasis on Yahveh's vitality.
[JER.23.8] Because if the Yahveh lives, who raised and who brought the seed of the house of Israel from the northern land and from all the lands that you drove out there, and they will dwell on their land. [§]
Ki im chai Yahveh asher he'ela ve'asher hevi et zera beit Yisrael me'eretz tzafona u-mikol ha'aratzot asher hidachtim sham veyashvu al-admatam.
'Ki' means 'because', 'im' means 'if', 'chai' means 'lives', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'he'ela' means 'raised' or 'brought up', 've'asher' means 'and who', 'hevi' means 'brought', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'zera' means 'offspring' or 'seed', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'tzafona' means 'north', 'u-mikol' means 'and from all', 'ha'aratzot' means 'the lands', 'asher' again means 'that', 'hidachtim' means 'you drove out' or 'you scattered', 'sham' means 'there', 'veyashvu' means 'and they will dwell', 'al' means 'on', 'admatam' means 'their land'.
[JER.23.9] To the prophets my heart was broken within me; all my bones were loosened. I was like a drunk man and like a man whose wine overflowed because of Yahveh and because of the words of his holy. [§]
lanve'im nishbar libi beqirbi rakhfu kol-atzmotai hayiti ke'ish shikor ukegever avaro yayin mipenei Yahveh umipenei divrei kadosho.
'lanve'im' means 'to the prophets', 'nishbar' means 'was broken', 'libi' means 'my heart', 'beqirbi' means 'within me', 'rakhfu' means 'shook' or 'loosened', 'kol-atzmotai' means 'all my bones', 'hayiti' means 'I was', 'ke'ish' means 'like a man', 'shikor' means 'drunk', 'ukegever' means 'and like a man', 'avaro' means 'who has overflowed', 'yayin' means 'wine', 'mipenei' means 'because of the presence of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'umipenei' means 'and because of the presence of', 'divrei' means 'the words of', 'kadosho' means 'his holy'.
[JER.23.10] For the earth is filled with the proud; because before the burnt offering the earth is devastated, the desert streams have dried up, and their oppression was evil, and their might was not proper. [§]
Ki menaafim malaah haaretz, ki-mifnei olah avlah haaretz, yavshu neot midbar, vatehi merutzatam raah, ugevuratam lo-ken.
'Ki' means 'For', 'menaafim' means 'the proud' or 'haughty ones', 'malaah' means 'is full' or 'fills', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'ki-mifnei' means 'because before' or 'since before', 'olah' means 'burnt offering', 'avlah' means 'is devastated' or 'is afflicted', 'yavshu' means 'have dried up', 'neot' means 'streams' or 'springs', 'midbar' means 'desert', 'vatehi' means 'and it became', 'merutzatam' means 'their oppression' or 'their oppression', 'raah' means 'evil', 'ugevuratam' means 'and their strength' or 'their might', 'lo-ken' means 'not so' or 'not proper'. The verse contains no divine names, so no special name translations are needed.
[JER.23.11] For even the prophet, even the priest have turned away; even in my house I have found their evil, says Yahveh. [§]
ki gam navi gam kohen chanefu gam beveiti matzati ra'atam ne'um Yahveh.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'navi' means 'prophet', 'kohen' means 'priest', 'chanefu' means 'have turned away' or 'have become corrupt', 'beveiti' means 'in my house', 'matzati' means 'I have found', 'ra'atam' means 'their evil' or 'their wickedness', 'ne\'um Yahveh' means 'the utterance of Yahveh' (the name Yahveh is the literal translation of YHVH).
[JER.23.12] Therefore their way will be to them like broken pieces in darkness; they will be driven and fall in it, for I will bring upon them evil, the year of their punishment, says Yahveh. [§]
lachen yiheye darcham lahem kachalakalakot ba'afelah yiddachu ve-naflu bah ki-avi aleihem raah shnat pekudatam ne'um-Yahveh.
'lachen' means 'therefore', 'yiheye' means 'will be', 'darcham' means 'their way', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'kachalakalakot' means 'like broken pieces', 'ba'afelah' means 'in darkness', 'yiddachu' means 'they will be driven', 've-naflu' means 'and they will fall', 'bah' means 'in it', 'ki-avi' means 'for I will bring', 'aleihem' means 'upon them', 'raah' means 'evil', 'shnat' means 'the year', 'pekudatam' means 'of their punishment/command', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh'.
[JER.23.13] And among the prophets of Samaria I saw a marvel; they prophesied about Baal and they led my people Israel astray. [§]
uvinve'ei shomron ra'iti tiflah hinabbu babba'al vayatu et ammi et yisrael.
'uvinve'ei' means 'and among the prophets', 'shomron' means 'Samaria', 'ra'iti' means 'I saw', 'tiflah' means 'a marvel' or 'wonder', 'hinabbu' means 'they prophesied', 'babba'al' means 'about Baal', 'vayatu' means 'and they led astray', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'ammi' means 'my people', and the second 'et' again marks the object 'yisrael', which means 'Israel'.
[JER.23.14] And in the prophets of Jerusalem I saw a wicked harlot, walking in falsehood, and the hands of evildoers grew strong so that they would not turn a man away from his evil; they were to me all like Sodom, and its inhabitants like Gomorrah. [§]
Uvenve'ei Yerushalayim ra'iti sha'arurah na'of vehaloch basheker vehizku yedei mer'e'im levilti-shavu ish mer'ato hayu-li kulam kisdom veyoshveha ka'amorah.
"Uvenve'ei" means "and in the prophets" (the conjunction "u-" + "benavei" meaning "prophets"). "Yerushalayim" is the name of Jerusalem. "Ra'iti" means "I saw". "Sha'arurah" means "a harlot" or "a promiscuous woman". "Na'of" means "wicked" or "perverse". "Vehalo'ch" means "and walking". "Basheker" means "in falsehood" or "in deceit". "Vehizku" means "and they grew strong". "Yedei" means "hands of". "Mer'e'im" means "evildoers" or "those who do evil". "Levilti-shavu" means "that they might not turn away" (lit. "for not returning"). "Ish" means "a man". "Mer'ato" means "his evil" or "his wickedness". "Hayu-li" means "they were to me". "Kulam" means "all of them". "Kisdom" is the name of the sinful city Sodom. "Veyoshveha" means "and its dwellers". "Ka'amorah" means "like Gomorrah". The final letter "ס" is a Masoretic paragraph marker and carries no semantic meaning.
[JER.23.15] Therefore thus says Yahveh of hosts concerning the prophets: Behold, I will feed them with figs and give them water from the head, because from the prophets of Jerusalem a wind will go out to all the earth. [§]
Lachen ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot al haneviyim hinneni maachil otam la'ana ve'hishkitiym mei rosh ki me'et nevi'ei Yerushalayim yatzeha chanupha lekhol haaretz.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'al' means 'concerning' or 'against', 'haneviyim' means 'the prophets', 'hinneni' means 'behold, I', 'maachil' means 'will feed', 'otam' means 'them', 'la'ana' means 'with figs', 've' is 'and', 'hishkitiym' means 'will give them drink', 'mei' means 'water of', 'rosh' means 'head' (i.e., water from the head), 'ki' means 'because', 'me'et' means 'from', 'nevi'ei' means 'prophets of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'yatz'eh' means 'will go out', 'chanupha' means 'a wind' or 'storm', 'lekhol' means 'to all', 'haaretz' means 'the earth'.
[JER.23.16] Thus says Yahveh of Hosts: Do not listen to the words of the prophets, the prophetic ones to you; they are deceivers, they speak a vision from their own hearts, not from the mouth of Yahveh. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot al tishmeu al divrei ha-nevi'im ha-niv'im lachem mahbilim hem etchem chazon libam yedabru lo mipi Yahveh.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'of Hosts', 'al' means 'do not', 'tishmeu' means 'listen', 'al' (again) means 'to' or 'upon', 'divrei' means 'words of', 'ha-nevi'im' means 'the prophets', 'ha-niv'im' is a repeat meaning 'the prophets' or 'the prophetic ones', 'lachem' means 'to you', 'mahbilim' means 'deceivers' or 'false ones', 'hem' means 'they', 'etchem' means 'you' (object), 'chazon' means 'vision', 'libam' means 'their heart', 'yedabru' means 'they speak', 'lo' means 'not', 'mipi' means 'from the mouth of', 'Yahveh' again is the divine name.
[JER.23.17] They say, 'I will tell my counselors that Yahveh has spoken, peace will be yours, and all who walk in the perverseness of his heart said, 'evil will not come upon you'. [§]
Omrim amor limnaatsa diber Yahveh shalom yihyeh lachem vechol holech bishrurut libo amru lo-tavo aleichem raah.
'Omrim' means 'they say', 'amor' means 'I will say' or 'I say', 'limnaatsa' means 'to my counselors', 'diber' means 'spoke' (from 'diber' = 'spoke'), 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'shalom' means 'peace', 'yihyeh' means 'will be', 'lachem' means 'to you (plural)', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'holech' means 'walking' or 'who walk', 'bishrurut' means 'in perverseness' (from 'sharir' = perverse), 'libo' means 'of his heart', 'amru' means 'they said', 'lo-tavo' means 'will not come', 'aleichem' means 'upon you', 'raah' means 'evil' or 'disaster'.
[JER.23.18] For who has stood in the secret of Yahveh and will see and hear His word? Who will listen to my words and will hear? [§]
Ki mi amad be-sod Yahveh ve-yera ve-yishma et-d'varo mi-hekshiv d'varai vayishma.
'Ki' means 'for', 'mi' means 'who', 'amad' means 'has stood', 'be-sod' means 'in the secret', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 've-yera' means 'and will see', 've-yishma' means 'and will hear', 'et-d'varo' means 'His word', 'mi-hekshiv' means 'who will listen', 'd'varai' means 'my words', 'vayishma' means 'and will hear'.
[JER.23.19] Behold the storm of Yahveh, a burning heat has gone forth, and a raging fury upon the heads of the wicked; it will devour them. [§]
Hineh saarat Yahveh chemah yatzeah ve-saar mitcholil al rosh reshaim yachul.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'saarat' means 'storm' or 'fury', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'chemah' means 'heat' or 'burning', 'yatzeah' means 'has gone out' or 'has arisen', 've-' means 'and', 'saar' means 'storm' or 'fury', 'mitcholil' means 'stirring up' or 'raging', 'al' means 'upon', 'rosh' means 'head', 'reshaim' means 'the wicked', 'yachul' means 'he will devour' or 'it will devour'.
[JER.23.20] The LORD will not turn back, yet Yahveh will not cease until He does it and until He establishes the schemes of His heart; at the end of the days we shall understand it with insight. [§]
Lo yashuv af-Yahveh ad-asoto ve-ad-hakimo mezimot libbo be'acharit hayamim titbonnenu bah bina.
'Lo' means 'not', 'yashuv' means 'will return' or 'turn back', 'af' means 'still' or 'yet', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ad' means 'until', 'asoto' means 'He does it', 've' means 'and', 'ad' again 'until', 'hakimo' means 'He establishes it', 'mezimot' means 'schemes' or 'plots', 'libbo' means 'of his heart', 'be'acharit' means 'in the end', 'hayamim' means 'the days', 'titbonnenu' means 'we will understand' or 'we shall discern', 'bah' means 'in it', 'bina' means 'understanding' or 'discernment'.
[JER.23.21] I did not send the prophets, and they desired; I did not speak to them, and they prophesied. [§]
Lo shalacheti et hanevi'im ve-hem ratzu lo dibbarti aleihem ve-hem nibau.
'Lo' means 'not', 'shalacheti' means 'I sent', 'et' is the direct object marker (untranslated), 'hanevi'im' means 'the prophets', 've' means 'and', 'hem' means 'they', 'ratzu' means 'desired' or 'wished', 'lo' means 'not', 'dibbarti' means 'I spoke', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 've' means 'and', 'hem' means 'they', 'nibau' means 'prophesied'.
[JER.23.22] And if they stand in secret and hear my words to my people, and they will remain away from their evil way and from evil their deeds. [§]
ve'im amdu be sodi ve yashmu devarai et ami vi shivum mi darkam ha ra u me roa ma'alleihem.
've' means 'and', 'im' means 'if', 'amdu' means 'they stand', 'be' means 'in', 'sodi' means 'my secret', 've' means 'and', 'yashmu' means 'they hear', 'devarai' means 'my words', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'ami' means 'my people', 'vi' means 'and', 'shivum' means 'they sit/remain', 'mi' means 'from', 'darkam' means 'their way', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'ra' means 'evil', 'u' means 'and', 'me' means 'from', 'roa' means 'evil', 'ma'alleihem' means 'their deeds'.
[JER.23.23] I am the God who is near, declares Yahveh, and not the God who is far. [§]
HaElohei mikarob aní neum-Yahveh ve'lo Elohei merachok.
'HaElohei' means 'the God(s) of', with the definite article and the plural form of Elohim. 'mikarob' means 'near' (literally 'from near'). 'aní' means 'I'. 'neum-Yahveh' means 'declares Yahveh' (the verb neum 'declares' with the name Yahveh). 've'lo' means 'and not'. The second 'Elohei' again means 'the God(s) of'. 'merachok' means 'far' (literally 'from far').
[JER.23.24] If a man hides himself in secret places and I do not see him, declares Yahveh, is it not that I fill the heavens and the earth? declares Yahveh. [§]
Im yisater ish bamistarem ve'ani lo-ere'nu ne'um Yahveh halo et-hashamayim ve'et-haaretz ani male ne'um Yahveh.
'Im' means 'if', 'yisater' means 'hides', 'ish' means 'a man', 'bamistarem' means 'in secret places', 've'ani' means 'and I', 'lo-ere'nu' means 'do not see him', 'ne'um' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of the divine name YHVH, 'halo' means 'is not', 'et-hashamayim' means 'the heavens', 've'et-haaretz' means 'and the earth', 'ani' means 'I', 'male' means 'fill' or 'am full of', the second 'ne'um Yahveh' repeats the declaration of Yahveh.
[JER.23.25] I heard what the prophets who prophesied in my name falsely said, 'I dreamed, I dreamed.' [§]
shamati et asher amru ha-neviim ha-nibbiim bi-shemi sheker le'emor chalamti chalamti.
'shamati' means 'I heard', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'asher' means 'what/that which', 'amru' means 'they said', 'ha-neviim' means 'the prophets', 'ha-nibbiim' means 'the ones prophesying', 'bi-shemi' means 'in my name', 'sheker' means 'falsehood' or 'a lie', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'chalamti' means 'I dreamed', and the second 'chalamti' repeats the same word for emphasis.
[JER.23.26] How long will there be false prophecy in the hearts of the prophets, and the prophets of deceit in their hearts. [§]
ad matay hayesh b'lev hanviim niv'ei hashqar u'nevi'ei tarmit libam.
'ad' means 'until', 'matay' means 'when', 'hayesh' means 'there is', 'b'lev' means 'in the heart', 'hanviim' means 'the prophets', 'niv'ei' means 'of falsehood' or 'false prophecy', 'hashqar' means 'the false', 'u'nevi'ei' means 'and the prophets', 'tarmit' means 'of deceit', 'libam' means 'their heart' or 'their hearts'.
[JER.23.27] The planners to forget my people my name in their dreams, which they will recount each man to his neighbor, as they forgot my name in Baal. [§]
hachoshvim lehashkichah et-ami shemi ba-chalomotam asher yesapru ish le-re'ehuh ka'asher shakhu avotam et-shemi ba-ba'al.
'hachoshvim' means 'the planners' or 'those who devise', 'lehashkichah' means 'to cause to forget', 'et-ami' means 'my people', 'shemi' means 'my name', 'ba-chalomotam' means 'in their dreams', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'yesapru' means 'they will tell' or 'they will recount', 'ish' means 'a man' or 'each man', 'le-re'ehuh' means 'to his neighbor' or 'to his companion', 'ka'asher' means 'as' or 'just as', 'shakhu' means 'they forgot', 'avotam' means 'their fathers', 'et-shemi' means 'my name', 'ba-ba'al' means 'in Baal' (the name of the deity or place Baal).
[JER.23.28] The prophet who is with a dream will tell a dream, and the one who is with my word will speak my word, truth. What of the stone the son? says Yahveh. [§]
ha-navi asher-itto chalom yisaper chalom ve-asher d'vari itto yedaber d'vari emet mah-la-teven et-habar ne'um Yahveh.
'ha-navi' means 'the prophet', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'itto' means 'with him', 'chalom' means 'dream', 'yisaper' means 'will tell', 've-asher' means 'and who/and that', 'd'vari' means 'my word', 'yedaber' means 'will speak', 'emet' means 'truth', 'mah' means 'what', 'la-teven' means 'of the stone', 'et-habar' means 'the son' (with the accusative marker 'et'), 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.23.29] Surely my word is like fire, declares Yahveh, and like a hammer it shatters stone. [§]
halo koh d'vari ka'esh ne'um-Yahveh u'kefatish yefotzetz sala.
'halo' means 'surely', 'koh' means 'thus' or 'like', 'd'vari' means 'my word', 'ka'esh' means 'like fire', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'declares Yahveh', 'u'kefatish' means 'and like a hammer', 'yefotzetz' means 'it shatters' or 'splinters', 'sala' means 'stone'.
[JER.23.30] Therefore, behold, I am over the prophets, says Yahveh, stealer of my word, a man from his friend. [§]
Lakhen hineni al-hannevi'im ne'um Yahveh megannvei dvarai ish me'et re'ehu.
'Lakhen' means 'therefore', 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'al-hannevi'im' means 'over the prophets', 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'megannvei' means 'stealers of', 'dvarai' means 'my word', 'ish' means 'a man', 'me'et' means 'from', 're'ehu' means 'his companion' or 'friend'.
[JER.23.31] Behold, I am against the prophets, says Yahveh, the ones who take their tongue and they will swear, says. [§]
Hineni al-hannevi'im ne'um-Yahveh ha-lokhim leshonam vayinna'amu ne'um.
'Hineni' means 'Behold, I am' or 'Here I am'. 'al' means 'against' or 'upon'. 'hannevi'im' means 'the prophets'. 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh' (Yahveh being the literal translation of YHVH). 'ha-lokhim' means 'the ones who take' (from the verb l-kh). 'leshonam' means 'their tongue'. 'vayinna'amu' means 'and they will swear' or 'and they will have sworn'. The final 'ne'um' again means 'says' (as a concluding clause).
[JER.23.32] Behold, I am against false dream-prophecies, says Yahveh, and they have told them, and they have deceived my people with their lies and visions; and I have not sent them nor commanded them, and they shall not lead this people astray, says Yahveh. [§]
Hineni al-nibei chalomot sheker neum-Yahveh veyasap'rum vayat'u et-ami beshikrehem uvepachazutam ve-anokhi lo-shelach'tim ve-lo tzivitim veho'el lo-yo'ilu la'am-hazeh neum-Yahveh.
'Hineni' means 'Behold', 'al' means 'against', 'nibei' means 'prophecies', 'chalomot' means 'dreams', 'sheker' means 'false', 'neum-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'veyasap'rum' means 'and they have told them', 'vayat'u' means 'and they have deceived', 'et-ami' means 'my people', 'beshikrehem' means 'by their lies', 'uvepachazutam' means 'and by their visions', 've-anokhi' means 'and I', 'lo-shelach'tim' means 'have not sent them', 've-lo' means 'nor', 'tzivitim' means 'have commanded them', 'veho'el' means 'and they shall not', 'lo-yo'ilu' means 'lead astray', 'la'am-hazeh' means 'this people', 'neum-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh'.
[JER.23.33] And if this people or the prophet or the priest ask you, 'What is the charge of Yahveh?' you shall say to them, 'What is the charge?' and I will abandon you, says Yahveh. [§]
veki yishalkha haam hazeh o ha-nabi o kohen leemor ma mashah Yahveh veamarta aleihem et ma mashah venatashti etchem neum Yahveh.
'veki' means 'and if', 'yishalkha' means 'they will ask you', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'o' means 'or', 'ha-nabi' means 'the prophet', 'kohen' means 'priest', 'leemor' means 'to say', 'ma mashah' means 'what is the burden or charge', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'veamarta' means 'and you shall say', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (no English equivalent), 'venatashti' means 'and I will abandon', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'neum' means 'says', and the second 'Yahveh' again is the name of God.
[JER.23.34] And the prophet and the priest and the people who shall speak the oracle of Yahveh, and I have appointed over that man and over his house. [§]
vehanavi vehakohen vehaam asher yomar massa Yahveh ufakadti al haish hahu veal beito.
'vehanavi' means 'and the prophet', 'vehakohen' means 'and the priest', 'vehaam' means 'and the people', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'yomar' means 'will say' or 'shall speak', 'massa' means 'burden' or 'oracle' (a prophetic message), 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'ufakadti' means 'and I have appointed' or 'I have charged', 'al' means 'over', 'haish' means 'the man', 'hahu' means 'that' (referring to the man), 'veal' means 'and over', 'beito' means 'his house'. The phrase therefore describes the prophet, priest and people who will proclaim Yahveh's oracle, and the speaker's appointment over that particular man and his household.
[JER.23.35] Thus you shall say, 'A man against his fellow, and a man to his brother: what answer Yahveh, and what did Yahveh speak?' [§]
Ko tomru ish al-reahu veish el-achiv meh-ana Yahveh u-mah-diber Yahveh.
'Ko' means 'thus', 'tomru' means 'you will say', 'ish' means 'a man', 'al-reahu' means 'against his fellow', 'veish' means 'and a man', 'el-achiv' means 'to his brother', 'meh-ana' means 'what answer', 'Yahveh' is the name of God rendered as 'Yahveh', 'u-mah-diber' means 'and what did speak', 'Yahveh' again means 'Yahveh'.
[JER.23.36] And the burden of Yahveh you will not remember any longer, because the burden will be each man's word, and you turned the words of the living Gods, Yahveh of hosts our Gods. [§]
U-massa Yahveh lo tizkru od ki ha-massa yihye le-ish d'varo va-hafaktem et-dibre Elohim chayyim Yahveh Tzevaot Eloheinu.
'U' means 'and', 'massa' means 'burden' or 'charge', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'lo' means 'not', 'tizkru' means 'you will remember', 'od' means 'anymore' or 'again', 'ki' means 'because', 'ha-massa' means 'the burden', 'yihye' means 'will be', 'le-ish' means 'to each man', 'd'varo' means 'his word', 'va-hafaktem' means 'and you turned', 'et' is a direct object marker (not translated), 'dibre' means 'words of', 'Elohim' means 'the Gods' (plural), 'chayyim' means 'living', 'Yahveh' again is the name of God, 'Tzevaot' means 'of hosts', and 'Eloheinu' means 'our Gods'.
[JER.23.37] Thus you shall say to the prophet, 'What has Yahveh answered and what has Yahveh spoken?' [§]
Koh tomar el ha-navi mah-anakh Yahveh u-ma diber Yahveh.
'Koh' means 'thus' or 'so'. 'Tomar' means 'you will say'. 'El' means 'to' and 'ha-navi' means 'the prophet'. 'Mah' means 'what'. 'Anakh' is a verb form meaning 'has answered' (literally 'answered you'). 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH. 'U' is the conjunction 'and'. 'Ma' again means 'what'. 'Diber' is a verb meaning 'has spoken'. The second 'Yahveh' repeats the divine name.
[JER.23.38] And if you say 'burden Yahveh', then thus says Yahveh: because your saying the word this 'burden Yahveh', I will send to you, saying, 'you shall not say "burden Yahveh".' [§]
ve'im massa Yahveh toameru laken koh amar Yahveh ya'an amarkhem et hadavar hazeh massa Yahveh va'eshlach aleichem le'emor lo toameru massa Yahveh.
've'im' means 'and if', 'massa' means 'burden' (or 'offering'), 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHVH, 'toameru' means 'you will say', 'laken' means 'therefore', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', the second 'Yahveh' again is the divine name, 'ya'an' means 'because', 'amarkhem' means 'your saying', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'hadavar' means 'the word', 'hazeh' means 'this', the second 'massa Yahveh' repeats 'burden Yahveh', 'va'eshlach' means 'and I will send', 'aleichem' means 'to you', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'lo' means 'not', the final 'toameru' means 'you will say', and the final 'massa Yahveh' repeats the phrase 'burden Yahveh'.
[JER.23.39] Therefore, behold, I will make you a burden, and I will abandon you and the city that I gave to you and to your ancestors before my presence. [§]
Lachen hineni venashiti etchem nasho venatashTi etchem ve'et hair asher natati lakhem velaavoteikhem me'al panai.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'hineni' means 'behold I am' or 'here I am', 've' is a conjunction meaning 'and', 'nashiti' means 'I will set' or 'I will make', 'etchem' means 'you (plural, object)', 'nasho' means 'a burden' or 'a load', 'venatashTi' means 'and I will abandon' or 'leave', 've' again means 'and', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'hair' means 'the city', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'natati' means 'I gave', 'lakhem' means 'to you', 've' means 'and', 'laavoteikhem' means 'to your fathers/ancestors', 'me'al' means 'from before', 'panai' means 'my face' (i.e., before my presence).
[JER.23.40] And I will place upon you everlasting contempt and everlasting shame, which you will not forget. [§]
ve-natati aleichem cherpat olam u'khlimot olam asher lo tishach.
've-natati' means 'and I will give', 'aleichem' means 'upon you (plural)', 'cherpat' means 'contempt' or 'disgrace', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 'u'khlimot' means 'and shame', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo' means 'not', 'tishach' means 'you will forget'.
JER.24
[JER.24.1] I saw Yahveh, and behold, two fig trees standing before the temple of Yahveh, after the deportations of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, [they took] Jehoiachin son of Jehoiakim king of Judah, and the princes of Judah, and the craftsmen, and the officers from Jerusalem, and brought them to Babylon. [§]
Hirani Yahveh ve'hineh shnei dudaei te'enim mu'adim lifnei heikhal Yahveh achar hagalot Nebuchadrezar melek Babel et-Yechan-yahu ben-Yeho-yakim melek Yehudah ve'et-sarei Yehudah ve'et-hecharash ve'et-hamassger miYerushalayim vayavi'em Babel.
'Hirani' means 'I saw', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 've'hineh' means 'and behold', 'shnei' means 'two', 'dudaei' means 'young palm (or fig) trees', 'te'enim' means 'figs', 'mu'adim' means 'standing', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'heikhal' means 'the temple', 'Yahveh' again 'Yahveh', 'achar' means 'after', 'hagalot' means 'the deportations', 'Nebuchadrezar' is the name Nebuchadnezzar, 'melek' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'Yechan-yahu' means 'Jehoiachin', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Yeho-yakim' means 'Jehoiakim', 'melek Yehudah' means 'king of Judah', 've'et-sarei Yehudah' means 'and the princes of Judah', 've'et-hecharash' means 'and the craftsmen', 've'et-hamassger' means 'and the officers', 'miYerushalayim' means 'from Jerusalem', 'vayavi'em' means 'and he brought them', 'Babel' means 'to Babylon'.
[JER.24.2] The hoopoe one figs very good like the figs of the bakurot, and the hoopoe one figs very bad which will not be eaten from evil. [§]
hadud echad teenim tovot meod kita'eney habakurot vehadud echad teenim raot meod asher lo te'achlena meroa s
'hadud' means 'the hoopoe', 'echad' means 'one', 'teenim' means 'figs', 'tovot' means 'good', 'meod' means 'very', 'kita'eney' means 'like the figs of', 'habakurot' means 'the bakurot (a proper name or type of figs)', 'vehadud' means 'and the hoopoe', the second 'echad' repeats 'one', the second 'teenim' repeats 'figs', 'raot' means 'bad', the second 'meod' repeats 'very', 'asher' means 'which', 'lo' means 'not', 'te'achlena' means 'will be eaten', 'meroa' means 'from evil', 's' is a textual marker.
[JER.24.3] And Yahveh said to me, 'What are you seeing, Jeremiah?' And I said, 'Figs, the figs, the good figs are very good and the bad ones are very bad, that they shall not be eaten from the bad.' [§]
vayomer YHVH elai ma ata roeh Yirmiyahu vaomar teenim ha-teenim ha-tovot tovot meod veha-raot raot meod asher lo-teachalna me-roa
'vayomer' means 'and said', 'YHVH' means the divine name Yahveh, 'elai' means 'to me', 'ma' means 'what', 'ata' means 'you', 'roeh' means 'are seeing', 'Yirmiyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'vaomar' means 'and I said', 'teenim' means 'figs', 'ha-teenim' means 'the figs', 'ha-tovot' means 'the good ones', 'tovot' means 'good', 'meod' means 'very', 'veha-raot' means 'and the bad ones', 'raot' means 'bad', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo-teachlna' means 'shall not be eaten', 'me-roa' means 'from the bad'.
[JER.24.4] And the word of Yahveh to me, saying. [§]
Vayehi devar Yahveh elai leemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was' or 'and it came to pass', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'leemor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.24.5] Thus says Yahveh, God of Israel: like these good figs, so I will acknowledge the exile of Judah which I sent from this place, the land of the Canaanites for good. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael kataenim hatovot haelleh ken akir et galut Yehudah asher shilachti min hamakom hazeh eretz kashdim letova.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'kataenim' means 'like figs', 'hatovot' means 'the good', 'haelleh' means 'these', 'ken' means 'so', 'akir' means 'I will acknowledge', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'galut' means 'exile', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'asher' means 'which', 'shilachti' means 'I sent', 'min' means 'from', 'hamakom' means 'the place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'eretz' means 'land', 'kashdim' means 'the Canaanites', 'letova' means 'for good'. The names of God are rendered literally as instructed: YHVH becomes Yahveh and Elohim in construct form becomes God of.
[JER.24.6] And I will set my eye upon them for good, and I will cause them to return to this land, and I will build and not destroy, and I will plant and not cause to spoil. [§]
ve-samti eini al-hem le-tova va-hashivti im al ha-aretz hazot u-venitim ve-lo eheros u-netat'im ve-lo ettosh.
've-' means 'and', 'samti' means 'I will set' or 'I will place', 'eini' means 'my eye', 'al-hem' means 'upon them', 'le-tova' means 'for good', 'va-hashivti' means 'and I will cause to return', 'im' (in the form hashivtim) means 'them', 'al ha-aretz hazot' means 'to this land', 'u-venitim' means 'and I will build', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'eheros' means 'I will destroy', 'u-netat'im' means 'and I will plant', 've-lo ettosh' means 'and not I will cause to spoil/rot'.
[JER.24.7] And I will give them a heart to know me, because I am Yahveh, and they will be my people, and I will be to them the Gods, because they will turn to me with all their heart. [§]
ve natati lahem lev ladaat oti ki ani Yahveh ve haya u li leam ve anokhi e hyeh lahem leElohim ki yashuvu elai bechol levam.
"ve" means "and", "natati" means "I will give", "lahem" means "to them", "lev" means "heart", "ladaat" means "to know", "oti" means "me", "ki" means "because", "ani" means "I", "Yahveh" is the literal translation of YHWH, "ve" again "and", "haya u" means "they will be", "li" means "to me", "leam" means "my people", "ve" "and", "anokhi" means "I", "e hyeh" means "will be", "lahem" means "to them", "leElohim" is the literal translation of "to God" as "the Gods", "ki" means "because", "yashuvu" means "they will return", "elai" means "to me", "bechol" means "in all", "levam" means "their heart".
[JER.24.8] And the bad figs, the evils, which shall not be eaten from the orchard, for thus says Yahveh: 'So I will give Zedekiah king of Judah and his princes, and the remnant of Jerusalem who remain in this land, and those who dwell in the land of Egypt.' [§]
vekatte'enim har'ot asher lo-te'achlena me'ro'a ki-ko amar Yahveh ken eten et Tzidkiyahu melek Yehudah ve'et sarav ve'et she'erit Yerushalayim hanish'arim ba'eretz hazot ve-hayoshevim be'eretz Mitzrayim.
've' means 'and', 'katte'enim' means 'bad figs' (plural), 'har'ot' means 'the evil ones', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'lo-' means 'not', 'te'achlena' means 'will be eaten', 'me'ro'a' means 'from the orchard', 'ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ken' means 'so', 'eten' means 'I will give', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (not rendered in English), 'Tzidkiyahu' means 'Zedekiah', 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 've'et' means 'and', 'sarav' means 'his princes', 'she'erit' means 'the remnant', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'hanish'arim' means 'the remaining ones', 'ba'eretz' means 'in the land', 'hazot' means 'this', 've-hayoshevim' means 'and those who dwell', 'be'eretz' means 'in the land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'.
[JER.24.9] And we will set them for mockery, for evil, for all the kingdoms of the earth, for contempt, for example, for ridicule, and for cursing, in every place that I will bring down there. [§]
unetattim le-zavah le-rah le-kol mamlekhot haaretz le-cherpah ulemashal lishninah veliqlah bekhol-hamakomot asher adichehem sham.
'unetattim' means 'we will give' or 'we will set', 'le-zavah' means 'for mockery', 'le-rah' means 'for evil', 'le-kol' means 'to all', 'mamlekhot' means 'kingdoms', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'le-cherpah' means 'for contempt', 'ulemashal' means 'and for example' or 'as a pattern', 'lishninah' means 'for ridicule', 'veliqlah' means 'and for cursing', 'bekhol-hamakomot' means 'in all the places', 'asher' means 'that', 'adichehem' means 'I will bring down' or 'I will cause to fall', 'sham' means 'there'.
[JER.24.10] And I will send upon them the sword, the famine, and the pestilence, until they are consumed off the land which I gave them and their fathers. [§]
ve'shilachti bam et-hacherev et-harav ve'et-hadaver ad-tummam me'al ha'adamah asher-natati lahem ve'la'avoteihem.
've'shilachti' means 'and I will send', 'bam' means 'upon them', 'et-hacherev' means 'the sword', 'et-harav' means 'the famine', 've'et-hadaver' means 'and the pestilence', 'ad-tummam' means 'until they are consumed', 'me'al' means 'off', 'ha'adamah' means 'the land', 'asher-natati' means 'which I gave', 'lahem' means 'to them', 've'la'avoteihem' means 'and to their fathers'.
JER.25
[JER.25.1] The word that was concerning Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah in the fourth year of Jehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah, the first year of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon. [§]
ha-davar asher-hayah al-Yirmeyahu al-kol-am Yehudah ba-shanah ha-reviit li-Yehoyakim ben-Yoshiyahu melek Yehudah hi ha-shanah ha-rishonit li-Nebuchadrezar melek Babel.
'ha-davar' means 'the word' or 'the matter', 'asher' means 'that', 'hayah' means 'was', 'al' means 'concerning' or 'about', 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'al' again means 'concerning', 'kol' means 'all', 'am' means 'people', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'ba-shanah' means 'in the year', 'ha-reviit' means 'the fourth', 'li-Yehoyakim' means 'of Jehoiakim', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Yoshiyahu' means 'Josiah', 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' again 'of Judah', 'hi' means 'the', 'ha-shanah' means 'year', 'ha-rishonit' means 'the first', 'li-Nebuchadrezar' means 'of Nebuchadnezzar', 'melek' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon'.
[JER.25.2] Which spoken Jeremiah the prophet concerning all the people of Judah and to all the inhabitants of Jerusalem saying: [§]
asher diber yirmeyahu hanavi al kol-am yehudah ve'el kol-yoshvei yerushalayim le'emor
'asher' means 'which', 'diber' means 'spoke', 'yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'hanavi' means 'the prophet', 'al' means 'concerning' or 'against', 'kol-am' means 'all the people', 'yehudah' means 'of Judah', 've'el' means 'and to', 'kol' means 'all', 'yoshvei' means 'inhabitants' or 'dwellers', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'le'emor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.25.3] From the thirteenth year of Josiah son of Amon, king of Judah, and until this day, three and twenty years, the word of Yahveh was to me, and I spoke to you. [§]
Min shlosh esreh shana leYoshiyahu ben Amon melek Yehudah ve'ad hayom hazeh ze shlosh ve'esrim shana haya dvar Yahveh elay va'edber aleichem.
'Min' means 'from', 'shlosh esreh shana' means 'thirteen years', 'leYoshiyahu' means 'to Josiah' (i.e., of Josiah), 'ben Amon' means 'son of Amon', 'melek Yehudah' means 'king of Judah', 've'ad' means 'and until', 'hayom hazeh' means 'this day', 'ze' is a demonstrative meaning 'this', 'shlosh ve'esrim shana' means 'three and twenty years' (i.e., twenty‑three years), 'haya' means 'was', 'dvar Yahveh' means 'the word of Yahveh', 'elay' means 'to me', 'va'edber' means 'and I spoke', 'aleichem' means 'to you'.
[JER.25.4] And Yahveh sent to you all his servants the prophets the early and sent, and you did not hear, and you did not turn your ears to listen. [§]
ve'shalach Yahveh aleichem et kol avadav hanvi'im hashkem ve'shaloach ve'lo shma'tem ve'lo hititem et oznechem lishmoa.
've'shalach' means 'and sent', 'Yahveh' is the rendering of the divine name YHVH, 'aleichem' means 'to you', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'avadav' means 'his servants', 'hanvi'im' means 'the prophets', 'hashkem' means 'the early' (those who are awake), 've'shaloach' means 'and (He) sent', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'shma'tem' means 'you heard', a second 've'lo' repeats 'and not', 'hititem' means 'you inclined', another 'et' marker, 'oznechem' means 'your ears', and 'lishmoa' means 'to hear'.
[JER.25.5] Said, 'Please return, a person from his evil way and from the evil that oppresses you, and sit on the ground that Yahveh gave to you and to your ancestors from everlasting to everlasting.' [§]
leemor shuvu na ish midarko ha'ra'ah umero'a ma'al'leichem u'shevu al-ha'adamah asher natan Yahveh lakhem ve'la'avoteichem lemin olam ve'ad olam.
'leemor' means 'to say', 'shuvu' means 'return', 'na' means 'please', 'ish' means 'a man' or 'person', 'midarko' means 'from his way', 'ha'ra'ah' means 'evil', 'umero'a' means 'and from the evil', 'ma'al'leichem' means 'that oppresses you', 'u'shevu' means 'and sit', 'al' means 'on', 'ha'adamah' means 'the ground', 'asher' means 'that', 'natan' means 'gave', 'Yahveh' is the literal name for YHVH, 'lakhem' means 'to you (plural)', 've'la'avoteichem' means 'and to your ancestors', 'lemin' means 'from', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 've'ad' means 'and until', 'olam' means 'everlasting' again.
[JER.25.6] And do not go after other the Gods to serve them and to bow down to them, and do not anger me by the work of your hands, and I will not do harm to you. [§]
ve-al-telechu acharei elohim acharim le'avodam u'lehistachavot lahem ve'lo tach'isu oti bema'aseh yedeichem ve'lo ara lachem.
've-al-telechu' means 'and do not go', 'acharei' means 'after', 'elohim' means 'the Gods', 'acherim' means 'other', 'le'avodam' means 'to serve them', 'u'lehistachavot' means 'and to bow down', 'lahem' means 'to them', 've'lo' means 'and do not', 'tach'isu' means 'anger', 'oti' means 'me', 'bema'aseh' means 'by the work', 'yedeichem' means 'your hands', 've'lo ara' means 'and I will not do harm', 'lachem' means 'to you'.
[JER.25.7] And you did not hear me, says Yahveh, so that you might provoke me by the work of your hands, for evil to yourselves. [§]
velo shemateem elai neum Yahveh lemaan hachasuni bema'asei yedeichem lerah lachhem.
'velo' means 'and not', 'shemateem' means 'you heard', 'elai' means 'to me', 'neum' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'lemaan' means 'for the purpose of', 'hachasuni' means 'provoking me', 'bema'asei' means 'by the work of', 'yedeichem' means 'your hands', 'lerah' means 'for evil', 'lachhem' means 'to yourselves'.
[JER.25.8] Therefore thus says Yahveh of hosts because you have not heard my words. [§]
lachen ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot yaan asher lo shematen et dvarai.
'lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in armies), 'yaan' means 'because', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'lo' means 'not', 'shematen' means 'you heard' (from shama), 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'dvarai' means 'my words'.
[JER.25.9] Here I am sending and I will take all the families of the north, declares Yahveh, and to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon my servant, and I will bring them onto this land and onto its inhabitants and onto all these surrounding nations, and I will ban them, and I will set them for destruction and for scattering and for swords forever. [§]
Hineni sholeach ve'lakachti et kol mishpachot Tzafon ne'um Yahveh ve'el Nebuchadrezar melek Babel avdi vahavi'otim al haaretz hazot ve'al yoshveha ve'al kol hagoiyim ha'eleh saviv ve'hacharmtim vesamtim le'shama ve'lishreka ve'le'harvot olam.
'Hineni' means 'Here I am', 'sholeach' means 'I send', 've'lamachti' means 'and I will take', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'mishpachot' means 'families', 'Tzafon' means 'the north', 'ne'um' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 've'el' means 'and to', 'Nebuchadrezar' is the name of the Babylonian king, 'melek' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'vahavi'otim' means 'and I will bring them', 'al' means 'upon', 'haaretz' means 'the land', 'hazot' means 'this', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'yoshveha' means 'its inhabitants', 've'al kol' means 'and upon all', 'hagoiyim' means 'the nations', 'ha'eleh' means 'these', 'saviv' means 'surrounding', 've'hacharmtim' means 'and I will ban them', 'vesamtim' means 'and I will set them for', 'le'shama' means 'destruction', 've'lishreka' means 'and for scattering', 've'le'harvot' means 'and for swords', 'olam' means 'forever'.
[JER.25.10] And I will cause among them the sound of gladness and the sound of joy, the sound of the bridegroom and the sound of the bride, the sound of the winds, and the light of a lamp. [§]
vehaavadti mehem kol sason ve kol simcha kol chatan ve kol kallah kol rechayim ve or ner.
'vehaavadti' means 'and I will cause to be lost/vanish', 'mehem' means 'among them', 'kol' means 'the sound of', 'sason' means 'gladness', 've' means 'and', 'simcha' means 'joy', 'chatan' means 'bridegroom', 'kallah' means 'bride', 'rechayim' means 'winds', 'or' means 'light', 'ner' means 'lamp'.
[JER.25.11] And all this land shall become a sword for slaughter, and these nations shall serve the king of Babylon for seventy years. [§]
Ve hayetah kol haaretz hazot lecharvah leshama ve avdu hagoyim haeleh et melekh Bavel shivim shanah.
'Ve' means 'and', 'hayetah' means 'shall be' (future of 'to be'), 'kol' means 'all', 'haaretz' means 'the land', 'hazot' means 'this', 'lecharvah' means 'for sword' (literally 'to a sword'), 'leshama' means 'for slaughter', 've' (second) means 'and', 'avdu' means 'they will serve', 'hagoyim' means 'the nations', 'haeleh' means 'these', 'et' is a direct object marker (not translated), 'melekh' means 'king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'shivim' means 'seventy', 'shanah' means 'year'.
[JER.25.12] And it shall be like a fullness of seventy years that I will judge against the king of Babylon and against that nation, says Yahveh, for their guilt, and against the land of Kashdim, and I will make it a perpetual reproach. [§]
Ve-hayah kimlo'ot shiv'im shana efkod al melekh Bavel ve-al ha-goy ha-hu ne'um Yahveh et avonam ve-al eretz Kashdim ve-samti oto le-shimmot olam.
'Ve' means 'and', 'hayah' means 'it will be', 'kimlo'ot' means 'like a fullness', 'shiv'im' means 'seventy', 'shana' means 'years', 'efkod' means 'I will examine' or 'I will judge', 'al' means 'against' or 'upon', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 've' again means 'and', 'ha-goy' means 'the nation', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'et' is a direct object marker, 'avonam' means 'their guilt', 've-al' again means 'and against', 'eretz' means 'land', 'Kashdim' is a transliteration of the place name (Kashdim), 've-samti' means 'and I will make', 'oto' means 'it', 'le-shimmot' means 'to a curse' or 'to reproach', 'olam' means 'forever' or 'everlasting'.
[JER.25.13] And I will bring upon that land all my words which I spoke over it, all that is written in this book which Jeremiah prophesied concerning all the nations. [§]
veheveiti al haaretz hahihi et kol devarai asher dibarti aleha et kol hakatuv ba sefer hazeh asher nibb'a yirmiyahu al kol hagoyim.
'veheveiti' means 'and I will bring', 'al' means 'upon', 'haaretz' means 'the land', 'hahihi' means 'that', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'devarai' means 'my words', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'aleha' means 'over it', 'et' (again) is the direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'hakatuv' means 'that which is written', 'ba' means 'in the', 'sefer' means 'book', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'asher' means 'which', 'nibb'a' means 'prophesied', 'yirmiyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'al' means 'concerning', 'kol' means 'all', 'hagoyim' means 'the nations'.
[JER.25.14] For they also served them, many nations and great kings, and I will reward them according to their deeds and according to the work of their hands. [§]
Ki avdu-bam gam-hem-mah goyim rabim u-melekhim gedolim ve-shillamti lahem ke-fa'alam u-ke-ma'aseh yedeihem.
'Ki' means 'for', 'avdu-bam' means 'they served them', 'gam' means 'also', 'hem-mah' means 'they', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'rabim' means 'many', 'u-melekhim' means 'and kings', 'gedolim' means 'great', 've-shillamti' means 'and I will reward/pay', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'ke-fa'alam' means 'according to their labor/act', 'u-ke-ma'aseh' means 'and according to the work', 'yedeihem' means 'of their hands'.
[JER.25.15] For thus says Yahveh, the Gods of Israel to me, Take this red wine cup from my hand and pour it out to all the nations that I am sending you to them. [§]
Ki koh amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael elai, kach et-kos ha-yayin ha-hemmah ha-zot mi-yadi vehishkita oto et kol ha-goyim asher anochi sholeach otcha elayhem.
'Ki' means 'for', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Elohei' means 'the Gods', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'elai' means 'to me', 'kach' means 'take', 'et' is an object marker (not translated), 'kos' means 'cup', 'ha-yayin' means 'the wine', 'ha-hemmah' means 'the red', 'ha-zot' means 'this', 'mi-yadi' means 'from my hand', 'vehishkita' means 'and you shall pour out', 'oto' means 'it', another 'et' is an object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-goyim' means 'the nations', 'asher' means 'that', 'anochi' means 'I', 'sholeach' means 'am sending', 'otcha' means 'you', 'elayhem' means 'to them'.
[JER.25.16] And they will drink and be dismayed and be exultant because of the sword which I send among them. [§]
ve'shatu ve'hitgoshu ve'hitholalu mipenei hacheruv asher anochi sholeach beynotham.
've' means 'and', 'shatu' means 'they will drink', 've' again means 'and', 'hitgoshu' means 'they will be dismayed', 've' again means 'and', 'hitholalu' means 'they will be exultant', 'mipenei' means 'because of', 'hacheruv' means 'the sword', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'anochi' means 'I', 'sholeach' means 'send', 'beynotham' means 'among them'.
[JER.25.17] And I took the cup from the hand of Yahveh, and I will cause all the nations that Yahveh sent to them to drink. [§]
Vaekach et ha kos mi yad Yahveh vaashke et kol ha goyim asher shalachani Yahveh aleihem.
'Vaekach' means 'and I took', 'et' is the direct object marker (no English equivalent), 'ha kos' means 'the cup', 'mi yad' means 'from the hand of', 'Yahveh' is the proper name of God, 'vaashke' means 'and I will cause to drink', 'et' again the object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'ha goyim' means 'the nations', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'shalachani' means 'sent me', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'aleihem' means 'to them'.
[JER.25.18] To Jerusalem and the cities of Judah, and its kings and its princes, to give them to the sword, to slaughter, to plunder, and to curse, as this day. [§]
et Yerushalayim ve'et Arei Yehudah ve'et Melacheha et Sareha latet otam lecharbah leshama liSherekah veLiklah kayom haze.
'et' is the accusative marker indicating the direct object, 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 've'et' means 'and the', 'Arei' means 'cities of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 've'et' again 'and the', 'Melacheha' means 'its kings', 'et' again the object marker, 'Sareha' means 'its princes', 'latet' means 'to give', 'otam' means 'them', 'lecharbah' means 'to the sword', 'leshama' means 'to slaughter', 'liSherekah' means 'to plunder', 'veLiklah' means 'and to curse', 'kayom' means 'as the day', 'haze' means 'this'.
[JER.25.19] Pharaoh, king of Egypt, and his servants and his officers and all his people. [§]
et Pharaoh melekh Mitzrayim ve'et avadav ve'et sarav ve'et kol amo.
'et' is a direct object marker, often left untranslated; 'Pharaoh' is the title of the ruler of Egypt; 'melekh' means 'king'; 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'; 've' is the conjunction 'and'; 'avadav' means 'his servants'; 'sarav' means 'his officers'; 'kol' means 'all'; 'amo' means 'his people'.
[JER.25.20] and also the whole evening, and also all the kings of the land of Utz, and also all the kings of the land of the Philistines, and Ashkelon, and Azah, and Ekron, and the remainder of Ashdod. [§]
ve'et kol-ha'erev ve'et kol-malkei eretz ha'utz ve'et kol-malkei eretz Pelishtim ve'et Ashkelon ve'et Azah ve'et Ekron ve'et she'erit Ashdod.
've'et' means 'and also', 'kol' means 'all' or 'whole', 'ha'erev' means 'the evening', 'malkei' means 'kings of', 'eretz' means 'land', 'ha'utz' likely a proper name (or region) rendered here as 'Utz', 'Pelishtim' is the Hebrew name for the Philistines, 'Ashkelon' is a city name, 'Azah' is a city name, 'Ekron' is a city name, 'she'erit' means 'the remainder of' or 'the rest of', and 'Ashdod' is another city name.
[JER.25.21] Edom, Moab, and the children of Ammon. [§]
et-Edom ve-et-Moab ve-et-Bene-Ammon.
'et' is a Hebrew particle marking a direct object and is not translated. 'Edom' is the name of the nation descended from Esau. 've-' means 'and'. 'Moab' is the name of the nation descended from Moab, son of Lot. 'Bene' means 'sons' or 'children', and 'Ammon' is the name of the nation descended from Ammon, another son of Lot.
[JER.25.22] and all the kings of Tyre, and all the kings of Sidon, and the kings of the island that is across the sea. [§]
ve'et kol-malkei Tzor ve'et kol-malkei Zidon ve'et malkei ha'iy asher be'ever hayam.
've'et' means 'and' (the Hebrew accusative particle often left untranslated), 'kol' means 'all', 'malkei' means 'kings of', 'Tzor' is the city of Tyre, 'Zidon' is Sidon, 'ha'iy' means 'the island', 'asher' means 'that', 'be'ever' means 'across' or 'beyond', 'hayam' means 'the sea'.
[JER.25.23] and Ddan, and Teima, and Buz, and all the ends of Peah. [§]
ve'et Ddan ve'et Teima ve'et Buz ve'et kol-kezutzei Peah.
've''et' means 'and' plus the accusative marker, used before a noun. 'Ddan' is a proper name (likely a clan or individual). 'Teima' is a proper name. 'Buz' is a proper name. The second 've''et' again means 'and'. 'kol' means 'all'. 'kezutzei' is the plural construct form of 'kezut' meaning 'ends' or 'extremities'. 'Peah' is a place name. The verse lists these entities.
[JER.25.24] and all the kings of the west, and all the kings of the evening who dwell in the desert. [§]
ve'et kol malchei arab ve'et kol malchei ha'erev hashokhnim ba-midbar.
've'et' means 'and (the)', where 've' is the conjunction 'and' and 'et' is the accusative particle that marks the direct object; 'kol' means 'all'; 'malchei' means 'kings of'; 'arab' means 'west' (the direction of sunset, also can refer to the people called Arabs); 'ha'erev' means 'the evening' or 'the west' depending on context; 'hashokhnim' means 'the dwellers' or 'those who reside'; 'ba-midbar' means 'in the desert'.
[JER.25.25] And also all the kings of Zimri, and also all the kings of Elam, and also all the kings of Mada. [§]
ve'et kol-malkhei Zimri ve'et kol-malkhei Elam ve'et kol-malkhei Mada.
've'et' means 'and also', 'kol' means 'all', 'malkhei' is the construct form of 'malkah' meaning 'kings of', 'Zimri', 'Elam', and 'Mada' are proper names of people or places.
[JER.25.26] And also all the kings of the north, the near and the far, each to his brother, and also all the kingdoms of the earth that are on the face of the ground, and a king of the sixth will drink after them. [§]
ve-et kol-malkhei hatsafon hakrovim ve-harochkim ish el-achiv ve-et kol-hammamlachot haaretz asher al-penei haadamah u-melek sheshach yishte achareihem.
've-et' means 'and also' (conjunction + accusative particle), 'kol' means 'all', 'malkhei' means 'kings of', 'hatsafon' means 'the north', 'hakrovim' means 'the near ones', 've-harochkim' means 'and the far ones', 'ish' means 'each', 'el-achiv' means 'to his brother', 've-et' repeats 'and also', 'kol' again 'all', 'hammamlachot' means 'the kingdoms', 'haaretz' means 'of the earth', 'asher' means 'that', 'al-penei' means 'upon the face of', 'haadamah' means 'the ground/earth', 'u-melek' means 'and a king', 'sheshach' is a proper name meaning 'sixth' or 'the sixth', 'yishte' means 'will drink', 'achareihem' means 'after them'.
[JER.25.27] And you shall say to them, Thus says Yahveh of hosts, the God of Israel: Drink, become drunk, and fall, and you will be struck down and will not rise again from the sword which I am sending among you. [§]
ve'amarta aleihem sekho amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael shteu veshichru ukiyu v'niflu velo takumu mifnei ha'cherav asher anochi sholeach beineichem.
've'amarta' means 'and you shall say', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'sekho' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' or 'armies', 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'shteu' means 'drink', 'veshichru' means 'and become drunk', 'ukiyu' means 'and fall', 'v'niflu' means 'and you will be struck down', 'velo' means 'and not', 'takumu' means 'rise again', 'mifnei' means 'before' or 'because of', 'ha'cherav' means 'the sword', 'asher' means 'which', 'anochi' means 'I', 'sholeach' means 'am sending', 'beineichem' means 'among you'.
[JER.25.28] And it shall be when they are satisfied to take the cup from your hand to drink, and you shall say to them, thus says Yahveh of hosts, the drink you shall drink. [§]
vehayah ki yimanu lakachat hakos miyadkha lishtot veamarta aleihem ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot shato tishtu
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ki' means 'when', 'yimanu' means 'they will be satisfied', 'lakachat' means 'to take', 'hakos' means 'the cup', 'miyadkha' means 'from your hand', 'lishtot' means 'to drink', 'veamarta' means 'and you shall say', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'shato' means 'the drink', 'tishtu' means 'you shall drink'.
[JER.25.29] For behold, in the city that is called My Name upon it, I am about to do evil, and you you shall be smitten, you shall not be cut off, for a sword I call against all the inhabitants of the earth, declares Yahveh of hosts. [§]
ki hineh ba'ir asher nikra-shemi aleha anochi mechel lehara veatem hinakeh tinaku lo tinaku ki cherev ani koreh al kol yoshev haaretz ne'um Yahveh tzevaot
'Ki' means 'For', 'Hineh' means 'behold', 'ba'ir' means 'in the city', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'nikra' means 'is called', 'shemi' means 'my name', 'aleha' means 'upon it', 'Anochi' means 'I', 'mechel' means 'am about to', 'lehara' means 'do evil', 'veatem' means 'and you', 'hinakeh' means 'you shall be smitten', 'tinaku' means 'you shall be cut off', 'lo' means 'not', again 'tinaku' means 'you shall be cut off', 'ki' means 'for', 'cherev' means 'sword', 'ani' means 'I', 'koreh' means 'call', 'al' means 'against', 'kol' means 'all', 'yoshev' means 'inhabitants', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'ne'um' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH, and 'tzevaot' means 'of hosts'.
[JER.25.30] And you shall prophesy to them all these words and you shall say to them Yahveh from on high will weep and from his holy dwelling will give his voice; he will weep over his people; he will guide them like shepherds and will answer all who dwell on the earth. [§]
ve'atah tinave elayhem et kol-hadvarim ha'eleh ve'amar-ta elayhem Yahveh mim'arom yishog u-mim'on kodsho yiten koloh shag yishag al-navehu heidad kedorchim ya'aneh el kol-yoshvei haaretz.
ve'atah means and you; tinave means shall prophesy; elayhem means to them; et is a marker of the direct object; kol-hadvarim means all the words; ha'eleh means these; ve'amar-ta means and you shall say; elayhem again to them; Yahveh is the literal translation of YHVH; mim'arom means from on high; yishog means will weep; u-mim'on means and from the dwelling; kodsho means his holy (place); yiten means will give; koloh means his voice; shag yishag means he will weep (repetition for emphasis); al-navehu means over his people; heidad means he will guide; kedorchim means like shepherds; ya'aneh means he will answer; el means to; kol-yoshvei means all who dwell; haaretz means the earth.
[JER.25.31] Came the south to the ends of the earth because a dispute to Yahveh among the nations is judged; it is for all flesh, the wicked I will give to the sword, says Yahveh. [§]
ba shavon ad ketzeh haaretz ki riv laYahveh bagoyim nishpat hu lekol-basar harshaim netanam lacherev ne'um-Yahveh.
'ba' means 'came', 'shavon' means 'to the south' (or a place name), 'ad' means 'to', 'ketzeh' means 'the end(s)', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'riv' means 'dispute' or 'quarrel', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'bagoyim' means 'among the nations', 'nishpat' means 'is judged', 'hu' means 'it', 'lekol-basar' means 'for all flesh', 'harshaim' means 'the wicked', 'netanam' means 'I will give them' or 'they are given', 'lacherev' means 'to the sword', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh'.
[JER.25.32] Thus says Yahveh of hosts, Behold disaster goes out from nation to nation and a great storm will be loosed from the foundations of the earth. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh tzevaot, hineh ra'ah yotset miGoy el-goy ve'sa'ar gadol ye'or mi yarketei-aretz.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in armies of heaven), 'hineh' means 'behold', 'ra'ah' means 'disaster' or 'evil', 'yotset' means 'goes out' or 'issues', 'miGoy' means 'from nation', 'el-goy' means 'to nation', 've'sa'ar' means 'and storm', 'gadol' means 'great', 'ye'or' means 'will be loosed' or 'will be released', 'mi yarketei-aretz' means 'from the foundations of the earth'.
[JER.25.33] And they will be the profane of Yahveh on that day from one end of the earth to the other; they will not mourn, nor be gathered, nor be buried; they will be a sign upon the face of the earth. [§]
vehayu challei Yahveh bayom hahou miketze haaretz ve'ad ketse haaretz lo yisafdu ve'lo ye'asu ve'lo yikaveru le'domen al pnei ha'adamah yihyu.
'vehayu' means 'and they will be', 'challei' means 'the profane' or 'those defiled', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'bayom' means 'on the day', 'hahou' means 'that', 'miketze' means 'from the end', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 've'ad' means 'and up to', 'ketse' means 'the end', repeat 'haaretz' as 'the earth', 'lo' means 'not', 'yisafdu' means 'they will mourn', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'ye'asu' means 'they will be gathered', another 've'lo' means 'and not', 'yikaveru' means 'they will be buried', 'le'domen' means 'as a sign' or 'for a type', 'al' means 'upon', 'pnei' means 'the face of', 'ha'adamah' means 'the ground/earth', 'yihyu' means 'they will be'.
[JER.25.34] The shepherds will howl, and they will cry out, and the mighty of the flock will prostrate themselves, for your days are filled for slaughter and your offspring, and you will fall like a coveted vessel. [§]
Heilu ha'ro'im ve'za'aku ve'hitpelleshu adirei ha'tzon ki-malu yemeichem litvoach u'tefotsoteichem u'nafaltetem kichli chemdah.
'Heilu' means 'they will howl', 'ha'ro'im' means 'the shepherds', 've'za'aku' means 'and they will cry out', 've'hitpelleshu' means 'and they will prostrate themselves', 'adirei' means 'the mighty ones', 'ha'tzon' means 'of the flock', 'ki' means 'for', 'malu' means 'you have filled', 'yemeichem' means 'your days', 'litvoach' means 'for slaughter', 'u'tefotsoteichem' means 'and your offspring', 'u'nafaltetem' means 'and you will fall', 'kichli' means 'like a vessel', 'chemdah' means 'of desire or desirability'.
[JER.25.35] And the place of safety is taken away from the shepherds, and the deliverance from the mighty ones of the flock. [§]
veavad manos min ha'ro'im ufleita me'adirei hatzon.
'veavad' means 'and (it) will be lost', 'manos' means 'refuge' or 'place of safety', 'min' means 'from', 'ha'ro'im' means 'the shepherds', 'ufleita' means 'and (it) escape' or 'deliverance', 'me'adirei' means 'from the mighty ones', 'hatzon' means 'the flock'.
[JER.25.36] The voice of the shepherds' cry and the wailing of the flock's mighty ones, for Yahveh has taken away their pasture. [§]
Kol tza'akat ha-ro'im vi-ylat adirei ha-tzon ki shoded Yahveh et mar'itatam.
'Kol' means 'voice', 'tza'akat' means 'cry' or 'shout', 'ha-ro'im' means 'the shepherds', 'vi-ylat' means 'and the wailing', 'adirei' means 'the mighty (lords)', 'ha-tzon' means 'of the flock', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'shoded' means 'has taken away' or 'has stolen', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'et' is the direct object marker, and 'mar'itatam' means 'their pasture' or 'their grazing place'.
[JER.25.37] And the signs of peace will be withheld because of the wrath of Yahveh. [§]
ve-nadammu ne'ot ha-shalom mi-pnei charon af-Yahveh.
've' means 'and', 'nadammu' means 'they will be withheld or delayed', 'ne'ot' means 'signs', 'ha-shalom' means 'of peace', 'mi-pnei' means 'because of' or 'on account of', 'charon' means 'anger', 'af' means 'wrath', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.25.38] He abandoned his seat like a furnace, for it was a land of shame because of the furnace of the dove and because of the furnace of his anger. [§]
azav kakpir suho ki hayetah artzam leshama mipnei choron hayona umipnei choron apo.
'azav' means 'he left' or 'abandoned', 'kakpir' means 'like a furnace' (kak = like, pir = furnace), 'suho' means 'his seat' or 'his covering', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'hayetah' means 'it was', 'artzam' means 'their land' or 'the land', 'leshama' means 'for shame' or 'to shame', 'mipnei' means 'because of' or 'before', 'choron' means 'anger' or 'furnace', 'hayona' means 'the dove', 'umipnei' means 'and because of', 'apo' means 'his anger'.
JER.26
[JER.26.1] In the beginning of the reign of Jehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah, this word was from Yahveh to say. [§]
Bere'shit mamlakuth Yehoyakim ben-Yoshiyahu melek Yehudah haya hadavar hazeh me'et Yahveh le'emor
'Bere'shit' means 'in the beginning', 'mamlakuth' means 'the reign', 'Yehoyakim' is the personal name of the king, 'ben-Yoshiyahu' means 'son of Josiah', 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'haya' means 'was' or 'came to be', 'hadavar' means 'the word' or 'the thing', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'me'et' means 'from', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH as required, and 'le'emor' means 'to say'.
[JER.26.2] Thus says Yahveh, 'Stand in the courtyard of the house of Yahveh and speak concerning all the cities of Judah that are coming to worship at the house of Yahveh all the things that I commanded you to tell them; do not add a word.' [§]
Koh amar Yahveh amod ba-chatzar beit-Yahveh ve-dibarta al kol-arei Yehudah ha-baim le-hishtachavot beit-Yahveh et kol-hadvarim asher tziviticha le-daber aleihem al-tigra davar.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'amod' means 'stand', 'ba-chatzar' means 'in the courtyard', 'beit-Yahveh' means 'house of Yahveh', 've-dibarta' means 'and speak', 'al' means 'concerning', 'kol-arei' means 'all the cities', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'ha-baim' means 'that come', 'le-hishtachavot' means 'to worship', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'kol-hadvarim' means 'all the things', 'asher' means 'that', 'tziviticha' means 'I commanded you', 'le-daber' means 'to tell', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'al-tigra' means 'do not add', 'davar' means 'a word'.
[JER.26.3] Perhaps they will hear and turn back, a man from his evil way, and I will be comforted concerning the evil that I am planning to do to them because of the evil of their deeds. [§]
Ulay yishmeu ve-yashuvu ish mi-darko ha'raah ve-nichamti el-ha'raah asher anochi choshev la'asot lahem mi-penei ra ma'aleihem.
"Ulay" means "perhaps" or "maybe"; "yishmeu" means "they will hear"; "ve-yashuvu" means "and they will return"; "ish" means "a man"; "mi-darko" means "from his way"; "ha'raah" means "the evil"; "ve-nichamti" means "and I will be comforted"; "el-ha'raah" means "concerning the evil"; "asher" means "that/which"; "anochi" means "I"; "choshev" means "am considering" or "am planning"; "la'asot" means "to do"; "lahem" means "to them"; "mi-penei" means "because of" or "on account of"; "ra" means "evil"; "ma'aleihem" means "their deeds" or "their wrongdoing".
[JER.26.4] And you shall say to them, Thus says Yahveh: If you will not listen to me to walk in my law which I gave before you. [§]
veamar-ta aleihem koh amar Yahveh im lo tishmeu elai lalech betorati asher natati lifneihem
'veamar-ta' means 'and you shall say', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'im' means 'if', 'lo' means 'not', 'tishmeu' means 'you will hear/listen', 'elai' means 'to me', 'lalech' means 'to go/walk', 'betorati' means 'in my law/teaching', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'natati' means 'I gave', 'lifneihem' means 'before you'.
[JER.26.5] Listen to the words of my servants the prophets, which I am sending to you, both the one who awakens and the one who sends; yet you did not listen. [§]
Lishmoa al divrei avadai ha-nevi'im asher anochi sholeach aleichem ve-hashkem ve-shaloach velo shma'tem.
'Lishmoa' means 'to hear' or 'listen'. 'Al' means 'concerning' or 'about'. 'Divrei' is the construct form of 'words', meaning 'the words of'. 'Avadai' means 'my servants'. 'Ha-nevi'im' means 'the prophets'. 'Asher' means 'that' or 'which'. 'Anochi' means 'I'. 'Sholeach' means 'sending' or 'I am sending'. 'Aleichem' means 'to you (plural)'. 'Ve-hashkem' is the conjunction 'and' plus 'hashkem', literally 'the ariser' or 'the one who awakens'. 'Ve-shaloach' is 'and the sender' or 'the one who sends'. 'Ve-lo' means 'and not' or 'but'. 'Shma'tem' means 'you heard' or 'you listened' (negative here: 'you did not listen'). No divine name appears in this verse, so no special name translation is needed.
[JER.26.6] And I will give this house as its ruin, and I will give this city to be a curse to all the nations of the earth. [§]
ve-natati et-habayit hazeh ke-shilloh ve-et-hair hazot eteen liklah le-khol goyei haaretz.
've-natati' means 'and I will give', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'habayit' means 'the house', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'ke‑shilloh' means 'as its ruin', 've-et' means 'and (the)', 'hair' means 'city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'eteen' means 'I will give', 'liklah' means 'to be a curse', 'le‑khol' means 'to all', 'goyei' means 'the nations', 'haaretz' means 'of the earth'.
[JER.26.7] The priests and the prophets and all the people heard Jeremiah speaking these words in the house of Yahveh. [§]
Vayishmeu hakohanim vehannevi'im vekhol haam et Yirmeyahu medaber et hadvarim haeleh bebeit Yahveh.
'Vayishmeu' means 'and they heard', 'hakohanim' means 'the priests', 'vehannevi'im' means 'and the prophets', 'vekhol haam' means 'and all the people', 'et' is a grammatical marker with no direct translation, 'Yirmeyahu' is the name 'Jeremiah', 'medaber' means 'speaking' or 'telling', the second 'et' is again a marker, 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'haeleh' means 'these', 'bebeit' means 'in the house of', and 'Yahveh' is the literal name for YHVH.
[JER.26.8] And it came to pass, when Jeremiah had spoken all that Yahveh commanded to speak to all the people, the priests and the prophets and all the people seized him, saying, You shall surely die. [§]
vayhi kechalat Yirmeyahu ledabber et kol-asher-tzivah Yahveh ledabber el kol haam vayitfesu oto hakohanim veve-nvi'im ve-kol haam leemor mot tamut.
'vayhi' means 'and it was', 'kechalat' means 'when', 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'ledabber' means 'to speak', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'kol-asher-tzivah' means 'all that (the LORD) commanded', 'Yahveh' means 'the LORD', 'el' means 'to', 'kol' means 'all', 'haam' means 'the people', 'vayitfesu' means 'they seized', 'oto' means 'him', 'hakohanim' means 'the priests', 'veve-nvi''im' means 'and the prophets', 've-kol haam' means 'and all the people', 'leemor' means 'saying', 'mot' means 'death', 'tamut' means 'you shall die'.
[JER.26.9] Why have you been erected in the name of Yahveh, saying, 'When this is completed the house and this city will be burned, having no one to dwell there,' and all the people gathered to Jeremiah in the house of Yahveh. [§]
Madua nibeita beshem Yahveh le'emor keshilo yihyeh habayit hazeh veha'ir hazot techerev me'eyn yoshev vayikahal kol ha'am el Yirmiyahu beveit Yahveh.
'Madua' means 'why', 'nibeita' means 'have you been built' or 'have you been erected', 'beshem' means 'in the name of', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'keshilo' means 'when it is complete' or 'when it is finished', 'yihyeh' means 'it will be', 'habayit' means 'the house', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'veha'ir' means 'and the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'techerev' means 'will be burned', 'me'eyn' means 'from without' or 'having no', 'yoshev' means 'inhabitant' or 'one who dwells', 'vayikahal' means 'and gathered', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmiyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'beveit' means 'in the house of', 'Yahveh' again the name of God.
[JER.26.10] And the princes of Judah heard these words, and they went up from the house of the king to the house of Yahveh, and they sat at the opening of the new gate of Yahveh. [§]
Vayishme'u sarei Yehudah et hadvarim haelleh vayya'alu mibeyt-hammelach beyt Yahveh vayyeshu befetach sha'ar-Yahveh hechadash.
'Vayishme'u' means 'and they heard', 'sarei' means 'the princes', 'Yehudah' is the proper name Judah, 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'haelleh' means 'these', 'vayya'alu' means 'and they went up', 'mibeyt-hammelach' means 'from the house of the king', 'beyt Yahveh' means 'the house of Yahveh' (YHVH translated as Yahveh), 'vayyeshu' means 'and they sat', 'befetach' means 'at the opening', 'sha'ar-Yahveh' means 'the gate of Yahveh', and 'hechadash' means 'the new'.
[JER.26.11] And the priests and the prophets said to the princes and to all the people, 'A death sentence for this man because he prophesied against this city, as you have heard with your ears.' [§]
vayomeru hakohanim ve'hanviim el hasarim ve'el kol haam leemor mishpat-mavet la'ish hazeh ki niv'a el ha'ir hazot ka'asher sh'matem be'ozneichem.
'vayomeru' means 'and they said', 'hakohanim' means 'the priests', 've'hanviim' means 'and the prophets', 'el' means 'to', 'hasarim' means 'the princes', 've'el' means 'and to', 'kol' means 'all', 'haam' means 'the people', 'leemor' means 'to say', 'mishpat-mavet' means 'death sentence', 'la'ish' means 'for this man', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'ki' means 'because', 'niv'a' means 'he prophesied', 'el' means 'against', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'sh'matem' means 'you have heard', 'be'ozneichem' means 'with your ears'.
[JER.26.12] And Jeremiah said to all the princes and to all the people, saying, Yahveh sent me to prophesy to this house and to this city all the words you heard. [§]
Vayomer Yirmiyahu el kol-hasharim ve-el kol-haam le'emor Yahveh sh'lachani lehina'veh el-habayit hazeh ve-el ha'ir hazot et kol-hadvarim asher sh'ma'tem.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Yirmiyahu' is the personal name Jeremiah, 'el' means 'to', 'kol' means 'all', 'hasharim' means 'the princes', 've' means 'and', 'el' again 'to', 'kol' 'all', 'haam' 'the people', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'sh'lachani' means 'sent me', 'lehina'veh' means 'to prophesy', 'el-habayit' means 'to the house', 'hazeh' means 'this', 've-el' means 'and to', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'kol-hadvarim' means 'all the words', 'asher' means 'that', 'sh'ma'tem' means 'you heard'.
[JER.26.13] Now be good your ways and your deeds and hear in the voice Yahveh your Gods and Yahveh will turn away the evil that He spoke against you. [§]
ve'atta hetiivu darkeichem uama'al'leichem veshimu bekol Yahveh Eloheichem veyinnachem Yahveh el-harah asher diber aleichem.
've'atta' means 'and now', 'hetiivu' means 'improve' or 'be good', 'darkeichem' means 'your ways', 'uama'al'leichem' means 'and your deeds', 'veshimu' means 'and hear', 'bekol' means 'in the voice', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Eloheichem' means 'your Gods' (Elohim translated as 'the Gods'), 'veyinnachem' means 'and he will turn away' or 'and he will be appeased', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'el-harah' means 'to the evil', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'diber' means 'spoke' or 'said', 'aleichem' means 'against you'.
[JER.26.14] And I, behold, I am in your hand; do for me what is good and what is right in your eyes. [§]
V'ani hineni beyedkhem asu-li kattov ve-kayshar be'eineikhem.
'V'ani' means 'and I', 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'beyedkhem' means 'in your hand', 'asu-li' means 'do for me' or 'make for me', 'kattov' means 'according to what is good', 've-kayshar' means 'and according to what is upright or right', 'be'eineikhem' means 'in your eyes'.
[JER.26.15] Only you know that if you are killing me, for pure blood you are giving upon yourselves and to this city and to its inhabitants, because in truth Yahveh has sent me upon you to speak in your ears all these words. [§]
ach yadoa tedeu ki im memitim atem oti ki dam naki atem notnim aleichem ve'el ha'ir hazot ve'el yosveha ki be'emet sh'lachani Yahveh aleichem le-daber be'ozneichem et kol hadvarim ha'eleh.
'ach' means 'only', 'yadoa' means 'you know', 'tedeu' means 'you will know', 'ki' means 'that', 'im' means 'if', 'memitim' means 'you are killing', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'oti' means 'me', 'ki' again 'for', 'dam' means 'blood', 'naki' means 'pure', 'atem' again 'you', 'notnim' means 'you are giving', 'aleichem' means 'upon you', 've'el' means 'and to', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 've'el' again 'and to', 'yosveha' means 'its inhabitants', 'ki' again 'because', 'be'emet' means 'in truth', 'sh'lachani' means 'has sent me', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'aleichem' means 'upon you', 'le-daber' means 'to speak', 'be'ozneichem' means 'in your ears', 'et' is a marker of the direct object, 'kol' means 'all', 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'ha'eleh' means 'these'.
[JER.26.16] And the princes and all the people said to the priests and to the prophets: There is no death sentence for this man because in the name of Yahveh our the Gods spoken to us. [§]
Vayomru ha'sarim ve'chol ha'am el ha'kohanim ve'el ha'nevi'im: Ein la'ish hazeh mishpat-mavet ki be-shem Yahveh Elohei-nu diber aleinu.
'Vayomru' means 'and they said', 'ha'sarim' means 'the princes', 've'chol' means 'and all', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'el' means 'to', 'ha'kohanim' means 'the priests', 've'el' means 'and to', 'ha'nevi'im' means 'the prophets', 'Ein' means 'there is not', 'la'ish' means 'for the man', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'mishpat-mavet' means 'death sentence', 'ki' means 'because', 'be-shem' means 'in the name of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohei-nu' combines 'Elohim' (translated as 'the Gods') with the suffix '-nu' meaning 'our', giving 'our the Gods', 'diber' means 'spoke', 'aleinu' means 'to us'.
[JER.26.17] And men rose from the elders of the earth and said to all the assembly of the people, saying. [§]
Vayakumu anashim miziknei haaretz vayomeru el kol-kehal ha'am lemor.
'Vayakumu' means 'and they rose/stood up', 'anashim' means 'men', 'miziknei' means 'from the elders of', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'vayomeru' means 'and they said', 'el' means 'to', 'kol' means 'all', 'kehal' means 'assembly' or 'congregation', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'lemor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.26.18] Mikiah the prophet was among the days of Hezekiyahu king of Judah, and he said to all the people of Judah, saying, Thus says Yahveh of Hosts: Zion shall become a desolate field, and Jerusalem villages shall become, and the mountain of the house shall become a forest. [§]
Mikiah ha-morashti hayah nibba bi-mey Hezekiyahu melek-Yehudah vayomer el kol am Yehudah lemor koh amar Yahveh tzevaot Tziyon sadeh techaresh vi-Yerushalayim iyim tiheyyeh ve-har ha-bayit le-vamoth ya'ar.
'Mikiah' is the name Micah, 'ha-morashti' means 'the prophet', 'hayah' means 'was', 'nibba' means 'prophet/prophecy', 'bi-mey' means 'in the days of', 'Hezekiyahu' is the king Hezekiah, 'melek-Yehudah' means 'king of Judah', 'vayomer' means 'and said', 'el kol am' means 'to all people', 'Yehudah' means 'of Judah', 'lemor' means 'saying', 'koh amar' means 'thus says', 'Yahveh' is the rendering of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'Hosts', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion', 'sadeh' means 'field', 'techaresh' means 'shall be desolate', 'vi-Yerushalayim' means 'and Jerusalem', 'iyim' means 'villages', 'tiheyyeh' means 'shall become', 've-har' means 'and the mountain', 'ha-bayit' means 'of the house', 'le-vamoth' means 'shall become', 'ya'ar' means 'a forest'.
[JER.26.19] The dead have killed Hezekiah, king of Judah, and all Judah; they do not fear Yahveh, and he turned his face from Yahveh, and Yahveh repented concerning the evil which he had spoken over them, and we do a great evil upon our souls. [§]
hehameṭ hemithu chizkiyahu melekh-yehudah ve-khol-yehudah halo yare et-yahveh vayḥal et-pnei yahveh vayinaḥem yahveh el-harah asher-diber aleihem ve-anahnu osim raah gedolah al-nafshoteinu.
'hehameṭ' means 'the dead', 'hemithu' means 'they have killed', 'chizkiyahu' means 'Hezekiah', 'melekh-yehudah' means 'king of Judah', 've-khol-yehudah' means 'and all Judah', 'halo' means 'does not', 'yare' means 'fear', 'et-yahveh' means 'Yahveh' (the name YHVH rendered as Yahveh), 'vayḥal' means 'he turned', 'et-pnei' means 'the face of', 'yahveh' again means 'Yahveh', 'vayinaḥem' means 'he repented' or 'had remorse', 'yahveh el-harah' means 'Yahveh concerning the evil', 'asher-diber' means 'that he spoke', 'aleihem' means 'over them', 've-anahnu' means 'and we', 'osim' means 'do/make', 'raah gedolah' means 'great evil', 'al-nafshoteinu' means 'upon our souls'. The divine name YHVH is consistently translated as Yahveh as requested.
[JER.26.20] Also a man was prophesying in the name of Yahveh, Uriyah, son of Shmaya, from the forest towns, and he prophesied concerning this city and concerning this land, just as all the words of Jeremiah. [§]
vegam ish hayah mitnabe be-shem Yahveh Uriyahu ben Shmaya miqiryat hayearim vayinnabe al ha-ir hazot ve-al ha-aretz hazot kechol divrei Yirmiyahu.
'vegam' means 'and also', 'ish' means 'man', 'hayah' means 'was', 'mitnabe' means 'prophetic' or 'prophesying', 'be-shem' means 'in the name of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Uriyahu' is a personal name meaning 'Yahveh is my light', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Shmaya' is a personal name meaning 'the hearing', 'miqiryat' means 'from the region of', 'hayearim' means 'the forest towns', 'vayinnabe' means 'and he prophesied', 'al' means 'concerning', 'ha-ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 've-al' means 'and concerning', 'ha-aretz' means 'the land', 'hazot' means 'this', 'kechol' means 'as all', 'divrei' means 'words of', 'Yirmiyahu' is Jeremiah, whose name is translated as the prophet Jeremiah.
[JER.26.21] Now the king of Assyria and all his mighty men and all the officers heard his words, and the king sought to kill him, and Uriah heard, was afraid, fled, and went to Egypt. [§]
vayishma ha-melekh-yehoiakim ve-khol gibborav ve-khol ha-sarim et-devarav vayevakesh ha-melekh hamito vayishma Uriyahu vayira vayivrach vayavo mitzrayim.
'vayishma' means 'now heard', 'ha-melekh-yehoiakim' means 'the king of Assyria' (yehoiakim being the term for Assyrians), 've-khol' means 'and all', 'gibborav' means 'his mighty men', 'ha-sarim' means 'the officers', 'et-devarav' means 'his words', 'vayevakesh' means 'and sought', 'hamito' means 'to kill him', 'Uriyahu' is the name Uriah, 'vayira' means 'and was afraid', 'vayivrach' means 'and fled', 'vayavo' means 'and went', 'mitzrayim' means 'to Egypt'. No specific divine names appear in this verse, so the standard translations apply.
[JER.26.22] And the king Jehoiakim sent men to Egypt, namely Elhanan son of Akbor and men with him to Egypt. [§]
Vayishlach ha-melekh Yehoiakim anashim mi-Tzrayim et Elhanan ben Akbor ve-anashim ito el-Mitzrayim.
'Vayishlach' means 'and sent', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Yehoiakim' is the personal name of the king, 'anashim' means 'men', 'mi-Tzrayim' means 'from Egypt' or 'to Egypt', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'Elhanan' is a personal name meaning 'God has been gracious' (here left as the name), 'ben' means 'son of', 'Akbor' is a personal name, 've-anashim' means 'and men', 'ito' means 'with him', 'el-Mitzrayim' means 'to Egypt'.
[JER.26.23] And they brought Uriah out of Egypt and brought him to the king Jehoiakim; they struck him with a sword and cast his corpse into the graves of the sons of the people. [§]
Vayotziu et-Uriyah mimitsrayim vayviuhu el-hamelach Yehoyakim vayakkeihu becharav vayashlek et-nivlato el-kivrei bnei haam.
'Vayotziu' means 'and they brought out', 'et-Uriyah' means 'Uriah', 'mimitsrayim' means 'from Egypt', 'vayviuhu' means 'and they brought him', 'el-hamelach' means 'to the king', 'Yehoyakim' is the name of the king (Jehoiakim), 'vayakkeihu' means 'and they struck him', 'becharav' means 'with a sword', 'vayashlek' means 'and they cast', 'et-nivlato' means 'his corpse', 'el-kivrei' means 'into the graves', 'bnei' means 'sons of', 'haam' means 'the people'.
[JER.26.24] But the hand of Ahikam son of Shaphan was upon Jeremiah, that he might not be handed over to the people to be killed. [§]
Ach yad Ahikam ben Shaphan hayta et-yeremiyahu levilti tet-oto be'yad ha'am lahimito.
'Ach' means 'but', 'yad' means 'hand', 'Ahikam' is a proper name left unchanged, 'ben' means 'son', 'Shaphan' is a proper name left unchanged, 'hayta' means 'was', 'et' is the direct‑object marker (not rendered in English), 'Yeremiyahu' is the Hebrew form of 'Jeremiah', 'levilti' means 'in order not', 'tet-oto' means 'to give him', 'be'yad' means 'into the hand', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'lahimito' means 'to kill him' (lit. 'for killing‑him'). The phrase 'levilti tet-oto' is an idiom meaning 'so that he would not be handed over'.
JER.27
[JER.27.1] In the beginning of the reign of Jehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah this word was to Jeremiah from Yahveh saying. [§]
Bere'shit mamlakhet Yehoyakim ben Yoashiyahu melek Yehuda hayah hadavar hazeh el-Yirmiyah me'et Yahveh le'emor.
'Bere'shit' means 'in the beginning', 'mamlakhet' means 'the reign of', 'Yehoyakim' is the personal name Jehoiakim, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Yoashiyahu' is the personal name Josiah, 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehuda' means 'Judah', 'hayah' means 'was', 'hadavar' means 'the word' or 'the matter', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'el' means 'to' or 'against', 'Yirmiyah' is the personal name Jeremiah, 'me''et' means 'from', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, and 'le'emor' means 'saying' or 'to say'.
[JER.27.2] Thus says Yahveh to me, make for yourself measures and pins and place them upon your arm. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh elai ase lekha moserot u-motot u-netatam al tzavareka.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'ase' means 'make' (imperative singular), 'lekha' means 'for yourself', 'moserot' means 'measures' (or 'staves'), 'u-motot' means 'and pins', 'u-netatam' means 'and you shall give them' (or 'place them'), 'al' means 'upon', 'tzavareka' means 'your arm'.
[JER.27.3] And you shall send them to the king of Edom, and to the king of Moab, and to the king of the children of Ammon, and to the king of Zor, and to the king of Sidon, by the hand of the coming angels to Jerusalem to Zedekiah, king of Judah. [§]
ve'shilachtam el melek Edom ve'el melek Moav ve'el melek B'nei Ammon ve'el melek Tzor ve'el melek Sidon b'yad malachim haba'im Yerushalayim el Tzidkiyahu melek Yehudah.
've'shilachtam' means 'and you will send them', 'el' means 'to', 'melek' means 'king', 'Edom' is the name of the nation Edom, 'Moav' is Moab, 'B'nei' means 'of the children', 'Ammon' is Ammon, 'Tzor' is the city Zor, 'Sidon' is Sidon, 'b'yad' means 'by the hand of', 'malachim' means 'angels', 'haba'im' means 'who are coming', 'Yerushalayim' is Jerusalem, 'el' again means 'to', 'Tzidkiyahu' is Zedekiah, 'melek' again 'king', and 'Yehudah' is Judah.
[JER.27.4] And you shall command them to their Lords, saying, Thus says Yahveh of hosts the Gods of Israel, thus you shall say to your Lords. [§]
ve-tzivita otam el-adoneihem le'emor koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael koh tomru el-adoneichem.
've-tzivita' means 'and you shall command', 'otam' means 'them', 'el' means 'to', 'adoneihem' means 'their Lords', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' means 'the Gods' (plural of El), 'Yisrael' means 'of Israel', 'tomru' means 'you shall say', 'adoneichem' means 'your Lords'.
[JER.27.5] I made the earth, the man and the beast that are upon the face of the earth, by my great strength and my outstretched arm, and I gave it to he who is upright in my eyes. [§]
Anokhi asiti et haaretz et haadam ve et habehemah asher al penei haaretz bekochi hagadol u vizroi hanetuyah u netatiha laasher yashar be einai.
'Anokhi' means 'I'; 'asiti' means 'made'; 'et haaretz' means 'the earth'; 'et haadam' means 'the man'; 've et habehemah' means 'and the beast'; 'asher al penei haaretz' means 'that are upon the face of the earth'; 'bekochi hagadol' means 'by my great strength'; 'u vizroi hanetuyah' means 'and my outstretched arm'; 'u netatiha' means 'and I gave it'; 'laasher yashar be einai' means 'to he who is upright in my eyes'.
[JER.27.6] Now I have given all these lands into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, my servant, and also I have given the field livestock to him for his service. [§]
ve'atah anochi natati et-kol-ha'aratot ha'elleh be'yad Nebuchadnezzar melek-bavel avdi vegam et-chayat ha'sadeh natati lo le'avdo.
've'atah' means 'now', 'anochi' means 'I', 'natati' means 'I gave', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'ha'aratot' means 'the lands', 'ha'elleh' means 'these', 'be'yad' means 'into the hand of', 'Nebuchadnezzar' is the name of the Babylonian king, 'melek' means 'king', 'bavel' means 'Babylon', 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'vegam' means 'also', 'et' again marks a direct object, 'chayat' means 'livestock' or 'field animals', 'ha'sadeh' means 'the field', 'natati' again means 'I gave', 'lo' means 'to him', 'le'avdo' means 'for his service' or 'as his servant'.
[JER.27.7] And all the nations will serve him, and his son and his grandson, until the time comes for his land also, and many nations and great kings will serve him. [§]
veavdu oto kol-haggoyim ve'et-beno ve'et-ben-beno ad bo-et ar-tso gam-hu veavdu bo goyim rabbim u-melakhim gedolim.
'veavdu' means 'and (they) will serve', 'oto' means 'him', 'kol-haggoyim' means 'all the nations', 've'et-beno' means 'and his son', 've'et-ben-beno' means 'and the son of his son', 'ad' means 'until', 'bo-et' means 'the time comes', 'ar-tso' means 'his land', 'gam-hu' means 'also he', 'veavdu' again means 'and (they) will serve', 'bo' means 'him', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'rabbim' means 'many', 'u-melakhim' means 'and kings', 'gedolim' means 'great'.
[JER.27.8] And it shall be that the nation and the kingdom which do not serve him, the Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and that which he does not give his staff in the offering of the king of Babylon, by the sword and by famine and by pestilence I will bring judgment upon that nation, says Yahveh, until I have destroyed them with my hand. [§]
vehayah ha-goy ve-hammamlacha asher lo ya'avdu oto et Nebuchadnezar melech Babel ve'et asher lo yiten et tzavvaro be'ol melech Babel baḥerev u'varav u'vadever efkod al ha-goy ha-hu ne'um Yahveh ad tumi otam be-yado.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ha-goy' means 'the nation', 've-hammamlacha' means 'and the kingdom', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'lo' means 'not', 'ya'avdu' means 'they shall serve', 'oto' means 'him/it', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'Nebuchadnezar' is the name of the Babylonian king, 'melech' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 've'et' means 'and the (object marker)', 'lo' means 'not', 'yiten' means 'he will give', 'tzavvaro' means 'his staff', 'be'ol' means 'in the burnt offering', 'baḥerev' means 'by the sword', 'u'varav' means 'and famine', 'u'vadever' means 'and pestilence', 'efkod' means 'I will judge/bring disaster upon', 'al' means 'upon', 'ha-goy' means 'the nation', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ad' means 'until', 'tumi' means 'I will finish/destroy them', 'otam' means 'them', 'be-yado' means 'by his hand'.
[JER.27.9] And you shall not listen to your prophets, nor to your diviners, nor to your dreams, nor to your omens, nor to your enchantments, which they say to you, saying, 'You shall not serve the king of Babylon.' [§]
veatem al-tishmeu el-nevi'eychem ve'el-kosmeichem ve'el-chalomoteichem ve'el-onneichem ve'el-kashapeichem asher-hem omrim aleichem lemor lo ta'avdu et-melekh Bavel.
'veatem' means 'and you', 'al-tishmeu' means 'shall not listen', 'el-nevi'eychem' means 'to your prophets', 've'el-kosmeichem' means 'and to your diviners', 've'el-chalomoteichem' means 'and to your dreams', 've'el-onneichem' means 'and to your omens', 've'el-kashapeichem' means 'and to your enchantments', 'asher-hem' means 'that they', 'omrim' means 'say', 'aleichem' means 'to you', 'lemor' means 'saying', 'lo ta'avdu' means 'you shall not serve', 'et-melekh' means 'the king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon'.
[JER.27.10] Because falsehood they are spoken about you, for the purpose of distancing you from your land, and I will drive you out and I will destroy you. [§]
Ki sheker hem nibba'im lachem lema'an harachiq etchem me'al admatechem vehiddachti etchem va'avadtem.
'Ki' means 'because', 'sheker' means 'falsehood', 'hem' means 'they', 'nibba'im' means 'are prophesied' or 'are spoken about', 'lachem' means 'to you', 'lema'an' means 'for the purpose of', 'harachiq' means 'to distance', 'etchem' means 'you (object)', 'me'al' means 'from upon', 'admatechem' means 'your land', 'vehiddachti' means 'and I will drive out', 'va'avadtem' means 'and I will destroy you'.
[JER.27.11] And the nation which will bring its cup as a tribute to king Babylon and his servant, and he will place it upon its land, says Yahveh, and its servant, and will dwell in it. [§]
veha-goy asher yavi et-tzavvaro be'ol melekh-Bavel ve-avado ve-hinachtiv al-admato ne'um Yahveh ve-avadah ve-yashav ba.
'veha-goy' means 'and the nation', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'yavi' means 'will bring', 'et-tzavvaro' means 'its cup' (the word tzavar means 'cup' and -o is the possessive suffix), 'be'ol' means 'as a tribute' or 'in the service of', 'melekh-Bavel' means 'king Babylon', 've-avado' means 'and his servant', 've-hinachtiv' means 'and he will place it', 'al-admato' means 'upon its land', 'ne''um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 've-avadah' means 'and its servant', 've-yashav' means 'and will dwell', 'ba' means 'in it'.
[JER.27.12] And to Zedekiah king of Judah I spoke, as in all these words, saying, Bring your vessels as tribute to the king of Babylon, and serve him and his people, and live. [§]
ve'el-Tzidkiyah melek-Yehudah dibarti kechol-hadvarim haeleh le'emor haviu et-tzavveirekhem be'ol melek-Bavel ve'ivdu oto ve'amo vi'chu.
've' means 'and', 'el' means 'to', 'Tzidkiyah' is the name Zedekiah, 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'kechol' means 'as all', 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'haeleh' means 'these', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'haviu' means 'bring', 'et' is the accusative particle, 'tzavveirekhem' means 'your vessels', 'be'ol' means 'in the tribute', 'melek' means 'king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 've'ivdu' means 'and serve', 'oto' means 'him', 've'amo' means 'and his people', 'vi'chu' means 'and live'.
[JER.27.13] Why will you die, you and your people, by the sword, by famine, and by pestilence, as Yahveh said to the nation that will not serve the king of Babylon. [§]
Lama tamutu ata ve'amkha bacherav barav uvadaver ka'asher diber Yahveh el-hagoy asher lo ya'avod et-melekh Bavel.
'Lama' means 'why', 'tamutu' means 'you will die', 'ata' means 'you' (singular), 've'amkha' means 'and your people', 'bacherav' means 'by the sword', 'barav' means 'by famine', 'uvadaver' means 'and by pestilence', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'diber' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el' here is the preposition 'to', 'hagoy' means 'the nation', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo' means 'not', 'ya'avod' means 'will serve', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (not rendered in English), 'melekh' means 'king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon'.
[JER.27.14] And do not listen to the words of the prophets who say to you, 'Do not serve the king of Babylon, for they are false prophets to you.' [§]
ve'al tishmeu el-divrei ha-nevi'im ha-omrim aleichem le'emor lo ta'avdu et-melekh Babel ki sheker hem nivi'im lachem.
've'al' means 'and do not', 'tishmeu' means 'you will hear/listen', 'el-divrei' means 'to the words', 'ha-nevi'im' means 'the prophets', 'ha-omrim' means 'who say', 'aleichem' means 'to you', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'lo' means 'not', 'ta'avdu' means 'you will serve', 'et-melekh' means 'the king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'ki' means 'for/because', 'sheker' means 'false', 'hem' means 'they', 'nivi'im' means 'prophets', 'lachem' means 'to you'.
[JER.27.15] For I have not sent them, says Yahveh, and they prophesy in my name falsely, in order that I might drive you away and you will be lost, you, and the prophets who prophesy for you. [§]
Ki lo shelachtim neum Yahveh vehem nibbaim bishmi lashaker lema'an hadichi etchem vaavadtem atem vehanneviim hanibbaim lachem.
'Ki' means 'for', 'lo' means 'not', 'shelachtim' means 'I sent them', 'neum Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'vehem' means 'and they', 'nibbaim' means 'prophesy', 'bishmi' means 'in my name', 'lashaker' means 'to lie', 'lema'an' means 'in order that', 'hadichi' means 'I might drive away', 'etchem' means 'you (object)', 'vaavadtem' means 'and you will be lost', 'atem' means 'you (subject)', 'vehanneviim' means 'and the prophets', 'hanibbaim' means 'who prophesy', 'lachem' means 'for you'.
[JER.27.16] And to the priests and to all this people I spoke, saying, Thus says Yahveh: Do not listen to the words of your prophets, the ones who prophesy to you, saying, Behold, the vessels of the house of Yahveh are being brought back from Babylon now quickly, for they are false, they have prophesied to you. [§]
veel hakohanim veel kol haam haze dibarti leemor koh amar Yahveh al tishmeu el divre nevi eichem hanivim lakhem leemor hineh klei beit Yahveh mushavim mibabelah atah meherah ki sheker hemah nibbaim lakhem.
'veel' means 'and to', 'hakohanim' means 'the priests', 'veel' again 'and to', 'kol' means 'all', 'haam' means 'the people', 'haze' means 'this', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'leemor' means 'to say', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'al' means 'do not', 'tishmeu' means 'listen', 'el' means 'to', 'divre' means 'the words of', 'nevi' means 'prophet', 'eichem' means 'your', 'hanivim' means 'the prophets (those who prophesy)', 'lakhem' means 'to you', 'leemor' again 'to say', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'klei' means 'the vessels', 'beit' means 'house of', 'Yahveh' again, 'mushavim' means 'are being brought back', 'mibabelah' means 'from Babylon', 'atah' means 'now', 'meherah' means 'quickly', 'ki' means 'for', 'sheker' means 'false', 'hemah' means 'they are', 'nibbaim' means 'they prophesied', 'lakhem' again 'to you'.
[JER.27.17] Do not listen to them; serve the king of Babylon and live. Why would this city be a sword? [§]
Al-tishmeu aleyhem ivdu et-melekh-Bavel vi-chiyu lamah tihyeh ha-ir hazot charvah.
'Al' means 'do not', 'tishmeu' means 'you (plural) hear', 'aleyhem' means 'to them', 'ivdu' means 'serve', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'melek' means 'king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'vi-chiyu' means 'and live', 'lamah' means 'why', 'tihyeh' means 'will be', 'ha-ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'charvah' means 'a sword'.
[JER.27.18] If they are prophets, and if there is a word of Yahveh among them, let them be struck by the Lord of hosts, lest the remaining vessels in the house of Yahveh and the house of the king of Judah and in Jerusalem be taken to Babylon. [§]
ve'im nevi'im hem ve'im yesh devar Yahveh itam yifgeu-na baYahveh Tzevaot lebilti-vo u-hakelim hanotarim bebeit Yahveh uveit melekh Yehudah uvirushalayim Babelah.
've'im' means 'and if', 'nevi'im' means 'prophets', 'hem' means 'they', 've'im' again 'and if', 'yesh' means 'there is', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the divine name, 'itam' means 'with them', 'yifgeu-na' means 'let them be struck' (imperative plural), 'baYahveh' means 'by the Lord', 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'lebilti' means 'lest', 'vo' means 'they will come', 'u-hakelim' means 'and the vessels', 'hanotarim' means 'remaining', 'bebeit' means 'in the house of', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'uveit' means 'and house', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'uvirushalayim' means 'and Jerusalem', 'Babelah' means 'to Babylon'.
[JER.27.19] For thus says Yahveh of hosts to the pillars and upon the sea and upon the wagons and upon the remaining vessels that remain in this city. [§]
Ki ko amar Yahveh Tsevaot el-hamudim ve'al hayam ve'al hamechonot ve'al yeter hakelim hanotarim ba'ir hazot.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHWH, 'Tsevaot' means 'of hosts', 'el' (here) is a preposition 'to', 'hamudim' means 'the pillars', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'hayam' means 'the sea', 'hamechonot' means 'the wagons', 'yeter' means 'the remaining', 'hakelim' means 'the vessels', 'hanotarim' means 'that are left', 'ba'ir' means 'in the city', 'hazot' means 'this'.
[JER.27.20] Which they did not take, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, in his deportation of Jeconiah son of Jehoiakim king of Judah from Jerusalem to Babylon, and all the officials of Judah and Jerusalem. [§]
Asher lo-lekhaam Nebuchadnezzar melech Babel bagloto et Yekhoniyah ben Yehoyakim melech Yehudah miYerushalayim Bavelah ve'et kol-chorei Yehudah viYerushalayim.
'Asher' means 'which', 'lo-lekhaam' means 'they did not take', 'Nebuchadnezzar' is the proper name of the Babylonian king, 'melech' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'bagloto' means 'in his deportation', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'Yekhoniyah' is the name Jeconiah, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Yehoyakim' is the name Jehoiakim, 'melech' again means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'miYerushalayim' means 'from Jerusalem', 'Bavelah' means 'to Babylon', 've'et' means 'and', 'kol' means 'all', 'chorei' means 'chiefs' or 'officials', 'Yehudah' again 'Judah', 'viYerushalayim' means 'and Jerusalem'.
[JER.27.21] For thus said Yahveh of hosts, the Gods of Israel, concerning the vessels that remain, the house of Yahveh and the house of the king of Judah and Jerusalem. [§]
Ki ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael al ha'kelim ha'notarim beit Yahveh u'veit melekh Yehudah viYerushalayim.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' is the construct form of 'the Gods' (Elohim), 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'al' means 'concerning', 'ha'kelim' means 'the vessels', 'ha'notarim' means 'the remaining' or 'that remain', 'beit' means 'the house of', 'Yahveh' again 'Yahveh', 'u'' means 'and', 'beit' again 'the house of', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'vi' is a conjunction meaning 'and', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem'.
[JER.27.22] To Babylon they will come and there they will be until the day I will punish them, says Yahveh, and I will bring them up and turn them back to this place. [§]
Bavelah yuvau ve-shamma yihyu ad yom pakdi otam ne'um Yahveh ve-ha'alitim ve-hashivotim el ha-makom ha-zeh.
'Bavelah' means 'to Babylon', 'yuvau' means 'they will come', 've' means 'and', 'shamma' means 'there', 'yihyu' means 'they will be', 'ad' means 'until', 'yom' means 'day', 'pakdi' means 'I will punish', 'otam' means 'them', 'ne\'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 've' again means 'and', 'ha'alitim' means 'I will bring up', 've' again means 'and', 'hashivotim' means 'I will turn them back', 'el' means 'to', 'ha-makom' means 'the place', 'ha-zeh' means 'this'.
JER.28
[JER.28.1] And it happened in that year, at the beginning of the reign of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the fourth year, in the fifth month, he said to me, Hananiah son of Azur the prophet who was from Gibeon in the house of Yahveh before the priests and all the people, saying: [§]
Vayehi bashanah hahi be-re'shit mamlekhet Tzidkiyah melekh Yehudah bashanah harvi'it bachodesh hachamishi amar elai Chananyah ben Azur hanavi asher migiv'on bebeit Yahveh le'einei hakohanim vechol ha'am lemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was', 'bashanah' means 'in the year', 'hahi' means 'that', 'be-re'shit' means 'at the beginning', 'mamlekhet' means 'the reign', 'Tzidkiyah' is the name Zedekiah, 'melekh Yehudah' means 'king of Judah', 'bashanah harvi'it' means 'in the fourth year', 'bachodesh hachamishi' means 'in the fifth month', 'amar' means 'he said', 'elai' means 'to me', 'Chananyah ben Azur' is the name 'Hananiah son of Azur', 'hanavi' means 'the prophet', 'asher' means 'who', 'migiv'on' means 'from Gibeon', 'bebeit Yahveh' means 'in the house of Yahveh' (YHWH rendered literally as Yahveh), 'le'einei hakohanim' means 'before the priests', 'vechol ha'am' means 'and all the people', 'lemor' means 'saying'.
[JER.28.2] Thus says Yahveh of hosts the Gods of Israel, saying: I have broken the burnt offering of the king of Babylon. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Israel le'emor shavarti et ol melekh Babel.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in 'Lord of hosts'), 'Elohei' is the plural form of Elohim and is rendered as 'the Gods', 'Israel' is the name of the people, 'le'emor' means 'to say' or 'saying', 'shavarti' means 'I have broken', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'ol' is the term for a burnt offering, 'melekh' means 'king', and 'Babel' is 'Babylon'.
[JER.28.3] After two years and days I will bring back to this place all the vessels of the house of Yahveh which Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon took from this place and brought to Babylon. [§]
beod shenatayim yamim ani meshib el-hamakom hazeh et kol-klei beit Yahveh asher lakach Nebuchadnezzar melek-Bavel min-hamakom hazeh vayvi'em Bavel.
'beod' means 'still' or 'after', 'shenatayim' means 'two years', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ani' means 'I', 'meshib' means 'am returning' or 'am bringing back', 'el-hamakom' means 'to the place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'kol-klei' means 'all the vessels', 'beit' means 'house of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'asher' means 'that/which', 'lakach' means 'took', 'Nebuchadnezzar' is the name of the Babylonian king, 'melek-Bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'min-hamakom' means 'from the place', 'hazeh' again means 'this', 'vayvi'em' means 'and he brought them', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon'.
[JER.28.4] And Yechanyah son of Yehoyakim king of Judah and all the captivity of Judah who come to Babylon I am bringing back to this place declares Yahveh because I will break the burnt offering of the king of Babylon. [§]
ve'et Yechanyah ben Yehoyakim melech Yehudah ve'et kol galut Yehudah habaim Bavelah ani meshiv el hamakom hazeh ne'um Yahveh ki eshbor et ol melech Babel.
've'et' means 'and (with) the', 'Yechanyah' is a personal name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Yehoyakim' is a personal name, 'melech' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 've'et' again means 'and', 'kol' means 'all', 'galut' means 'captivity', 'habaim' means 'those who come', 'Bavelah' means 'to Babylon', 'ani' means 'I', 'meshiv' means 'am bringing back' or 'returning', 'el' means 'to', 'hamakom' means 'the place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'ne'um' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHWH, 'ki' means 'because', 'eshbor' means 'I will break', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'ol' means 'burnt offering', 'melech' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon'.
[JER.28.5] And said Jeremiah the prophet to Hananiah the prophet in the sight of the priests and in the sight of all the people who were standing in the house of Yahveh. [§]
Vayomer Yirmeyah ha-navi el-Chananiah ha-navi le-einei ha-koheanim u-le-einei kol ha-am ha-omedim be-beit Yahveh.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yirmeyah' means 'Jeremiah', 'ha-navi' means 'the prophet', 'el' means 'to', 'Chananiah' means 'Hananiah', 'le-einei' means 'in the sight of', 'ha-koheanim' means 'the priests', 'u' means 'and', 'le-einei' again means 'in the sight of', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-am' means 'the people', 'ha-omedim' means 'who were standing', 'be-beit' means 'in the house of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.28.6] And Jeremiah the prophet said, Truly, so Yahveh will do; Yahveh will raise up your words which you have foretold to restore the vessels of Yahveh's house and all the exiles from Babylon to this place. [§]
vayomer Yirmeyah hanabi amen ken yaaseh Yahveh yaken Yahveh et-devarekha asher nibeta lehashiv k'lei veit-Yahveh vechol haggola mibabel el-hamakom hazeh
'vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yirmeyah' means 'Jeremiah', 'hanabi' means 'the prophet', 'amen' means 'truly', 'ken' means 'so', 'yaaseh' means 'will do', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'yaken' means 'will raise up', 'et-devarekha' means 'your words', 'asher' means 'which', 'nibeta' means 'you foretold', 'lehashiv' means 'to restore', 'k'lei' means 'the vessels', 'veit-Yahveh' means 'of Yahveh's house', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'haggola' means 'the exiles', 'mibabel' means 'from Babylon', 'el-hamakom' means 'to the place', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.28.7] Just listen, please, to this word that I am speaking in your ear and in the ears of all the people. [§]
Ach shema na ha-davar ha-zeh asher anochi dover be'aznekha uve'aznei kol ha-am.
'Ach' means 'only' or 'just', 'shema' means 'listen', 'na' means 'please', 'ha-davar' means 'the word', 'ha-zeh' means 'this', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'anochi' means 'I', 'dover' means 'am speaking', 'be'aznekha' means 'in your ear', 'uve'aznei' means 'and in the ears of', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-am' means 'the people'.
[JER.28.8] The prophets who were before me and before you from the world prophesied to many lands and over great kingdoms for war and for evil and for counsel. [§]
han-neviim asher hayu lefani ulefanecha min haolam vayinna'vu el aratot rabbot ve'al mamlekot gedolot lemilchamah ulera'ah uledaver.
'han-neviim' means 'the prophets', 'asher' means 'who', 'hayu' means 'were', 'lefani' means 'before me', 'ulefanecha' means 'before you', 'min' means 'from', 'haolam' means 'the world', 'vayinna'vu' means 'and they prophesied', 'el' means 'to' or 'against', 'aratot' means 'lands', 'rabbot' means 'many' or 'great', 've'al' means 'and over', 'mamlekot' means 'kingdoms', 'gedolot' means 'great', 'lemilchamah' means 'for war', 'ulera'ah' means 'for evil', 'uledaver' means 'for speech' or 'for counsel'.
[JER.28.9] The prophet who will prophesy for peace, when the word of the prophet comes, the prophet who was sent by Yahveh is known in truth. [§]
ha-navi asher yinave le-shalom be-vo devar ha-navi yivada ha-navi asher-shelacho Yahveh be-emet.
'ha-navi' means 'the prophet', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'yinave' means 'will prophesy', 'le-shalom' means 'for peace', 'be-vo' means 'when comes', 'devar' means 'word', 'yivada' means 'will be known', 'asher-shelacho' means 'who sent him', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, and 'be-emet' means 'in truth'.
[JER.28.10] And Hananijah the prophet took the staff from upon the neck of Jeremiah the prophet and broke it. [§]
Vayikach Chananyah haNavi et haMota me'al Tzavvar Yirmiyah haNavi vayishberehu.
'Vayikach' means 'and took'; 'Chananyah' is the personal name; 'haNavi' means 'the prophet'; 'et' is the direct‑object marker; 'haMota' means 'the staff' (or rod); 'me'al' means 'from upon'; 'Tzavvar' means 'the neck'; 'Yirmiyah' is the personal name Jeremiah; the second 'haNavi' again means 'the prophet'; 'vayishberehu' means 'and broke it'.
[JER.28.11] And Chananyah said before all the people, saying, Thus says Yahveh, Thus I will break the yoke of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon in two years, two days from the decree of all the nations; and Jeremiah the prophet went on his way. [§]
Vayomer Chananyah le'enei kol-ha'am le'emor koh amar Yahveh kachah eshbor et-ol Nebuchadnezzar melek-Bavel be'od shenatayim yamim me'al tzavvar kol-hagoyim vayelekh Yirmiyah ha-navi le-darko.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Chananyah' is the personal name Chananyah, 'le'enei' means 'before the eyes of', 'kol-ha'am' means 'all the people', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'kachah' means 'thus', 'eshbor' means 'I will break', 'et-ol' means 'the yoke', 'Nebuchadnezzar' is the name of the king of Babylon, 'melek-Bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'be'od' means 'in the time of', 'shenatayim' means 'two years', 'yamim' means 'days', 'me'al' means 'from', 'tzavvar' means 'the command' or 'the decree', 'kol-hagoyim' means 'all the nations', 'vayelekh' means 'and he went', 'Yirmiyah' is the prophet Jeremiah, 'ha-navi' means 'the prophet', 'le-darko' means 'to his way' or 'on his path'.
[JER.28.12] And the word of Yahveh came to Jeremiah after the breaking of Hananiah the prophet, the scroll from the house, Jeremiah the prophet saying. [§]
Vayehi devar Yahveh el Yirmiyah acharei shevor Chananyah ha navi et hamotah me'al tzavar Yirmiyah ha navi le'emor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmiyah' means 'Jeremiah', 'acharei' means 'after', 'shevor' means 'breaking', 'Chananyah' means 'Hananiah', 'ha navi' means 'the prophet', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (not translated), 'hamotah' means 'the scroll', 'me'al' means 'from', 'tzavar' means 'the house', 'Yirmiyah ha navi' means 'Jeremiah the prophet', 'le'emor' means 'saying'.
[JER.28.13] Go and say to Hananiah, 'Thus says Yahveh: you broke the supports of the tree and you made iron supports beneath them.' [§]
Halokh ve'amarta el-Chanan'ya le'emor ko amar Yahveh motot etz shavarta ve'asita tachteihen motot barzel.
'Halokh' means 'go', 've'amarta' means 'and you shall say', 'el-Chanan'ya' means 'to Hananiah', 'le'emor' means 'saying', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'motot' (plural) means 'supports' or 'leanings', 'etz' means 'tree', 'shavarta' means 'you broke', 've'asita' means 'and you made', 'tachteihen' means 'under them', 'motot' again means 'supports', 'barzel' means 'iron'.
[JER.28.14] For thus said Yahveh of hosts, the Gods of Israel, I have given a bronze cast upon the yokes of all these nations to serve the king Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon and his servant, and I also gave him the beasts of the field. [§]
Ki koh-amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael ol barzel natati al-tzavvar kol-hagoyim ha'eleh laavod et Nebuchadnezzar melech Bavel ve'avaduhu vegam et chayat hashadeh natati lo.
'Ki' means 'for', 'koh-amar' means 'thus said', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei Yisrael' means 'the Gods of Israel', 'ol' means 'a cast', 'barzel' means 'bronze', 'natati' means 'I gave', 'al-tzavvar' means 'upon the yokes', 'kol-hagoyim' means 'all the nations', 'ha'eleh' means 'these', 'laavod' means 'to serve', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'Nebuchadnezzar' is the name of the king of Babylon, 'melech Bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 've'avaduhu' means 'and his servant', 'vegam' means 'also', 'et chayat hashadeh' means 'the beasts of the field', 'natati' again means 'I gave', 'lo' means 'to him'.
[JER.28.15] And Jeremiah the prophet said to Hananiah the prophet, Listen please Hananiah, Yahveh did not send you, and you trusted this people on a lie. [§]
Vayomer Yirmeyah hanavi el-Chananiah hanavi shema-na Chananiah lo-shelachkha Yahveh ve'atta hibtachta et-ha'am hazze al shaker.
"Vayomer" means "and he said", "Yirmeyah" means "Jeremiah", "hanavi" means "the prophet", "el-Chananiah" means "to Hananiah", "hanavi" (second occurrence) means "the prophet", "shema-na" means "listen please", "Chananiah" is the name "Hananiah", "lo-shelachkha" means "not sent you", "Yahveh" is the translation of YHVH, "ve'atta" means "and you", "hibtachta" means "you trusted", "et-ha'am" means "the people", "hazze" means "this", "al" means "upon" or "by", "shaker" means "lie" or "falsehood".
[JER.28.16] Therefore thus says Yahveh, Behold, I will send you from before the earth the year you will die because you have turned away, you have spoken to Yahveh. [§]
Lachen kho amar Yahveh hine ani mishlahekha me'al pnei ha'adamah hashana ata met ki sarah dibarta el Yahveh.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'kho' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hine' means 'behold', 'ani' means 'I', 'mishlahekha' means 'will send you', 'me'al' means 'from above' or 'from before', 'pnei' means 'before the face of', 'ha'adamah' means 'the earth', 'hashana' means 'the year', 'ata' means 'you', 'met' means 'will die', 'ki' means 'because', 'sarah' means 'you have turned away', 'dibarta' means 'you have spoken', 'el' here is the preposition 'to', and the second 'Yahveh' is again the name of God.
[JER.28.17] And Hananiah the prophet died in that year in the seventh month. [§]
Vayamat Chananyah ha-navi ba-shanah ha-hee ba-chodesh ha-shevi'i.
'Vayamat' means 'and he died', 'Chananyah' is the personal name 'Hananiah', 'ha-navi' means 'the prophet', 'ba-shanah' means 'in the year', 'ha-hee' means 'that', 'ba-chodesh' means 'in the month', 'ha-shevi'i' means 'the seventh', 'פ' is a paragraph or section marker.
JER.29
[JER.29.1] And these are the words of the book which Jeremiah the prophet sent from Jerusalem to the remaining elders of the exile, and to the priests, and to the prophets, and to all the people who were carried away by Nebuchadnezzar from Jerusalem into Babylon. [§]
ve'eleh d'vrei ha'sefer asher shalach Yirmiyah ha'navi mi'Yerushalayim el-yeter ziknei ha'gola ve'el hakohanim ve'el han'vi'im ve'el kol ha'am asher heglah Nebuchadnezzar mi'Yerushalayim ba'vela.
've'eleh' means 'and these', 'd'vrei' means 'words of', 'ha'sefer' means 'the book', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'shalach' means 'sent', 'Yirmiyah' means 'Jeremiah', 'ha'navi' means 'the prophet', 'mi'Yerushalayim' means 'from Jerusalem', 'el-yeter' means 'to the remaining', 'ziknei' means 'elders', 'ha'gola' means 'of the exile', 've'el' means 'and to', 'hakohanim' means 'the priests', 'han'vi'im' means 'the prophets', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'heglah' means 'was carried away', 'Nebuchadnezzar' means 'Nebuchadnezzar', 'ba'vela' means 'into Babylon'.
[JER.29.2] After the departure of Jeconiah the king, and the chief men, and the eunuchs, the princes of Judah and Jerusalem, and the potter and the mason from Jerusalem. [§]
Acharai tze'et Yekhonya ha-melekh veha-gevira veha-sarisim sarei Yehudah viYerushalayim vehecharash vehamasger miYerushalayim.
'Acharai' means 'after', 'tze'et' means 'the going out' or 'departure', 'Yekhonya' is the personal name Jeconiah, 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'veha-gevira' means 'and the chief men' (from gevira 'chief, mighty'), 'veha-sarisim' means 'and the eunuchs' (sar is a eunuch), 'sarei' means 'princes' or 'leaders', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'viYerushalayim' means 'and Jerusalem', 'vehecharash' means 'and the potter', 'vehamasger' means 'and the mason', 'miYerushalayim' means 'from Jerusalem'.
[JER.29.3] By the hand of Godhashelped son of Shaphan and Gemariah son of Hilkijah, who Zedekiah king of Judah sent to Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon in Babylon to say. [§]
Be-yad Eleasa ben-Shaphan u-Gemaryah ben-Hilkijah asher shalach Tzidkiyah Melech-Yehudah el-Nebuchadnezzar Melech-Babel Babelah le'emor.
'Be-yad' means 'by the hand of', 'Eleasa' is a personal name meaning 'God has helped', 'ben-Shaphan' means 'son of Shaphan', 'u-Gemaryah' means 'and Gemariah', 'ben-Hilkijah' means 'son of Hilkijah', 'asher' means 'who', 'shalach' means 'sent', 'Tzidkiyah' is the name 'Zedekiah', 'Melech-Yehudah' means 'king of Judah', 'el' means 'to', 'Nebuchadnezzar' is the name of the Babylonian king, 'Melech' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'Babelah' means 'in Babylon', 'le'emor' means 'to say'.
[JER.29.4] Thus said Yahveh of hosts, God of Israel, to all the diaspora that I have exiled from Jerusalem to Babylon. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh tzvaot Elohei Yisrael lekol haggola asher higleti mirushalam bavela.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHWH, 'tzvaot' means 'hosts' (army of heaven), 'Elohei' is the construct form of 'El' meaning 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'lekol' means 'to all', 'haggola' means 'the diaspora' or 'the exiled people', 'asher' means 'that', 'higleti' means 'I have exiled', 'mirushalam' means 'from Jerusalem', and 'bavela' means 'to Babylon'.
[JER.29.5] Build houses and dwell, and plant gardens and eat the fruit. [§]
B'nu batim ve-shemu ve-nitu gannot ve-ichlu et-piryan.
'B'nu' means 'build', 'batim' means 'houses', 've-shemu' means 'and dwell', 've-nitu' means 'and plant', 'gannot' means 'gardens', 've-ichlu' means 'and they will eat', 'et-piryan' means 'the fruit'.
[JER.29.6] Take women and bear sons and daughters, and take for your sons women, and give your daughters to the men, and they will bear sons and daughters, and multiply there, and do not become few. [§]
Kechu nashim veholidu banim uvanot ve'khu livneichem nashim ve'et-bnoteichem tenu la'anashim ve'teildnah banim uvanot ur'vu-sham ve'al tim'atu.
'Kechu' means 'take', 'nashim' means 'women', 'veholidu' means 'and bear', 'banim' means 'sons', 'uvanot' means 'and daughters', 've'khu' means 'and take', 'livneichem' means 'for your sons', 'nashim' again 'women', 've'et-bnoteichem' means 'and your daughters', 'tenu' means 'give', 'la'anashim' means 'to the men', 've'teildnah' means 'and they will bear', 'banim uvanot' means 'sons and daughters', 'ur'vu-sham' means 'multiply there', 've'al tim'atu' means 'and do not become few'.
[JER.29.7] And seek the peace of the city which I have exiled you to, and pray on its behalf to Yahveh, for in its peace there will be peace for you. [§]
ve-dirshu et-shlom ha-ir asher higleiti etchem shammah ve-hitpalelu ba-adah el-Yahveh ki bi-shlomah yihyeh lachem shalom.
've' means 'and', 'dirshu' means 'seek', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'shlom' means 'peace', 'ha-ir' means 'the city', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'higleiti' means 'I have exiled', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'shammah' means 'there', 've' means 'and', 'hitpalelu' means 'pray', 'ba-adah' means 'on its behalf', 'el' means 'to God', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ki' means 'because', 'bi-shlomah' means 'in its peace', 'yihyeh' means 'will be', 'lachem' means 'for you', 'shalom' means 'peace'.
[JER.29.8] For thus says Yahveh of hosts the Gods of Israel: do not let your prophets among you deceive you and your divinations, and do not listen to your dreams which you are dreaming. [§]
Ki ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael al-yashiu lachem nevi'eikhem asher beqirbachem ve-kosm'eikhem ve al tishme'u el-chalomoteichem asher atem makhl'lim.
'Ki' means 'For', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' is the construct form of 'Elohim' meaning 'the Gods of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'al-yashiu' means 'do not let deceive', 'lachem' means 'you', 'nevi'eikhem' means 'your prophets', 'asher' means 'who', 'beqirbachem' means 'are among you', 've-kosm'eikhem' means 'and your divinations', 've al' means 'and do not', 'tishme\'u' means 'listen', 'el-chalomoteichem' means 'to your dreams', 'asher' means 'which', 'atem' means 'you', 'makhl\'lim' means 'dream'.
[JER.29.9] For in falsehood they are prophets to you in my name; I have not sent them, says Yahveh. [§]
ki b'sheqer hem nibb'im lachem bi-shemi lo shelachti ne'um Yahveh
"ki" means "for", "b'sheqer" means "in falsehood", "hem" means "they", "nibb'im" means "prophesy" or "are prophets", "lachem" means "to you (plural)", "bi-shemi" means "in my name", "lo" means "not", "shelachti" means "I sent", "ne'um" means "says", "Yahveh" is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.29.10] Because thus says Yahveh, because according to the fullness of Levavel, seventy years I will gather you, and I will establish over you my good word to bring you back to this place. [§]
Ki-ko amar Yahveh ki lefi melot levavel shivim shana efkod etchem vahaqimoti aleichem et-dvari hatov lehashiv etchem el hamakom hazeh.
'Ki-ko' means 'because thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH (the name of God), 'ki' means 'because', 'lefi' means 'according to', 'melot' means 'fullness', 'levavel' is a place name (Babylon), 'shivim' means 'seventy', 'shana' means 'years', 'efkod' means 'I will gather', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'vahaqimoti' means 'and I will establish', 'aleichem' means 'upon you', 'et-dvari' means 'my word', 'hatov' means 'the good', 'lehashiv' means 'to bring back', 'el' means 'to/ toward', 'hamakom' means 'the place', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.29.11] For I know the thoughts that I am thinking toward you, says Yahveh, thoughts of peace and not of evil, to give you an end and hope. [§]
ki anochi yadati et-hamachashavot asher anochi choshev aleichem ne'um-Yahveh machashavot shalom velo ra'a latet lachem acharit ve-tikvah
'ki' means 'for', 'anochi' means 'I', 'yadati' means 'know', 'et-hamachashavot' means 'the thoughts', 'asher' means 'that', 'anochi' means 'I', 'choshev' means 'am thinking', 'aleichem' means 'toward you (plural)', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'machashavot' means 'thoughts', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'velo' means 'and not', 'ra'a' means 'evil', 'latet' means 'to give', 'lachem' means 'to you', 'acharit' means 'an end', 've-tikvah' means 'and hope'.
[JER.29.12] And you will call me, and you will walk, and you will pray to God, and I will hear you. [§]
U'kraitem oti vahalkethem ve'hitpalleltem elai ve'shama'ti aleichem.
'U'kraitem' means 'and you will call', 'oti' means 'me', 'vahalkethem' means 'and you will walk', 've'hitpalleltem' means 'and you will pray', 'elai' contains the divine name 'El' which is translated as 'God' and the suffix means 'to', so it is rendered 'to God', 've'shama'ti' means 'and I will hear', 'aleichem' means 'you (plural)'.
[JER.29.13] And you will seek me and you will find me, for you will seek me with all your heart. [§]
Uviqashitem oti u-metzatam ki tidreshuni bechol levavchem.
'Uviqashitem' means 'and you will seek', 'oti' means 'me', 'u-metzatam' means 'and you will find', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'tidreshuni' means 'you will seek me', 'bechol' means 'with all', 'levavchem' means 'your heart(s)'.
[JER.29.14] And I will be found for you declares Yahveh and I will bring back your captivity and I will gather you from all the nations and from all the places where I have driven you there declares Yahveh and I will bring you back to the place where I have brought you from. [§]
ve-nimtzeiti lahem ne'um Yahveh ve-shavti et-shevetchem ve-kibbatzi etchem mikol hagoyim umikol hamakomot asher hidachti etchem sham ne'um Yahveh va-hashivoti etchem el hamakom asher higliti etchem mi-sham.
've-' means 'and', 'nimtzeiti' means 'I will be found', 'lahem' means 'for you', 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'declares Yahveh', 've-shavti' means 'and I will bring back', 'et-shevetchem' means 'your captivity', 've-kibbatzi' means 'and I will gather', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'mikol hagoyim' means 'from all the nations', 'umikol hamakomot' means 'and from all the places', 'asher' means 'that/where', 'hidachti' means 'I have driven', 'sham' means 'there', 'va-hashivoti' means 'and I will bring back', 'el hamakom' means 'to the place', 'higliti' means 'I have brought', 'mi-sham' means 'from there'.
[JER.29.15] Because you said, Yahveh raised for us prophets in Babylon. [§]
Ki amartem hekims lanu Yahveh n'viim ba'vela samekh.
'Ki' means 'because', 'amartem' means 'you said', 'hekims' means 'raised up', 'lanu' means 'for us', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'n'viim' means 'prophets', 'ba'vela' means 'in Babylon', 'samekh' is a textual section marker.
[JER.29.16] For thus says Yahveh to the king who sits on the throne of David and to all the people who dwell in this city, your brothers who have not gone out with you in exile. [§]
Ki-ko amar Yahveh el ha-melech ha-yoshev el kissee David ve-el kol ha-am ha-yoshev ba-ir ha-zot aheikhem asher lo yatzu itchem ba-golah.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'ha-melech' means 'the king', 'ha-yoshev' means 'the one who sits', 'el' means 'to', 'kissee' means 'throne', 'David' is the name David, 've-el' means 'and to', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-am' means 'the people', 'ha-yoshev' means 'who dwell', 'ba-ir' means 'in the city', 'ha-zot' means 'this', 'aheikhem' means 'your brothers', 'asher' means 'who', 'lo' means 'not', 'yatzu' means 'go out', 'itchem' means 'with you', 'ba-golah' means 'in exile'.
[JER.29.17] Thus says Yahveh of hosts: Behold, I am sending upon them the sword, the famine, and the pestilence, and I will give them like figs the loathsome, which shall not be eaten from evil. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot hineni meshaleach bam et-hacheret et-haraav ve-et-hadaver ve-natati otam kat'einim hash'ora'im asher lo-te'achlena me'roa.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'of hosts' (the heavenly armies), 'hineni' means 'Behold, I am here', 'meshaleach' means 'sending', 'bam' means 'upon them', 'et-hacheret' means 'the sword', 'et-haraav' means 'the famine', 've-et-hadaver' means 'and the pestilence', 've-natati' means 'and I will give', 'otam' means 'them', 'kat'einim' means 'like figs', 'hash'ora'im' means 'the loathsome', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo-te'achlena' means 'will not be eaten', 'me'roa' means 'from evil'. The divine name Yahveh is rendered as 'Yahveh' according to the given rule.
[JER.29.18] And I will pursue after them with the sword, with famine, and with pestilence, and I will give them to destruction for all the kingdoms of the earth, to contempt and to disgrace, and to reviling and to mockery among all the nations that have driven them there. [§]
Ve radapti achariehhem ba cherev ba raav u ba daver u netatim le zava le chol mamlekhot haaretz lealah uleshama velishreka ulechrefa bechol-hagoyim asher hidachtim sham.
'Ve' means 'and', 'radapti' means 'I pursued', 'achariehem' means 'after them', 'ba' means 'with', 'cherev' means 'the sword', 'raav' means 'famine', 'u' means 'and', 'daver' means 'pestilence', 'netatim' means 'I gave them', 'le' means 'to', 'zava' means 'destruction', 'chol' means 'all', 'mamlekhot' means 'kingdoms', 'haaretz' means 'of the earth', 'lealah' means 'to contempt', 'uleshama' means 'to disgrace', 'velishreka' means 'and to reviling', 'ulechrefa' means 'and to mockery', 'bechol' means 'among all', 'hagoyim' means 'the nations', 'asher' means 'that', 'hidachtim' means 'you have driven', 'sham' means 'there'.
[JER.29.19] Because they did not listen to my words, says Yahveh, I have sent to them my servants the prophets, the faithful, and to send, and they did not listen, says Yahveh. [§]
tachat asher lo shamu el dvarai neum Yahveh asher shalachti alehem et avadai ha-neviim ha-shkem ve-shalah ve lo shema tem neum Yahveh.
'tachat' means 'because' or 'under', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'lo' means 'not', 'shamu' means 'they listened/heard', 'el' means 'to', 'dvarai' means 'my words', 'neum Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'shalachti' means 'I sent', 'alehem' means 'to them', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'avadai' means 'my servants', 'ha-neviim' means 'the prophets', 'ha-shkem' means 'the faithful' or 'the reliable', 've-shalah' means 'and (to) send', 've' means 'and', 'lo' means 'not', 'shema tem' means 'you listened/heard', the final 'neum Yahveh' again means 'says Yahveh'.
[JER.29.20] And you, hear the word of Yahveh, all the exiles that I sent from Jerusalem to Babylon. [§]
Veatem shimu devar-Yahveh kol-hagola asher-shilachti mirushalam babela.
'Veatem' means 'and you (plural)'; 'shimu' means 'hear' or 'listen'; 'devar' means 'word' and 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH; 'kol' means 'all'; 'ha' is the definite article 'the'; 'gola' means 'exile' or 'exiled people'; together 'kol-hagola' is 'all the exiles'; 'asher' means 'that' or 'which'; 'shilachti' means 'I sent'; 'mi' is the preposition 'from'; 'Rushalam' is the transliteration of Jerusalem; 'baBela' means 'to Babylon'.
[JER.29.21] Thus said Yahveh of the hosts, God of Israel, to Ahab son of Kolayah and to Zedekiah son of Maaseyah, the prophets: 'In my name you have spoken falsehood. Behold, I am giving them into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and I will smite them before your eyes.' [§]
Ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael el Ahab ben Kolayah ve el Tzidkiyahu ben Maaseyah hanibeim lakhem bishmi shaker hineni noten otam be yad Nevukadreatzar melech Bavel ve hikham le eineikhem.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' is the construct form of 'Elohim' and is rendered here as 'God' (singular) of Israel, 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'el' means 'to', 'Ahab' is a personal name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Kolayah' is a personal name, 've' means 'and', 'Tzidkiyahu' is a personal name, 'Maaseyah' is a personal name, 'hanibeim' means 'the prophets', 'lakhem' means 'to you (plural)', 'bishmi' means 'in my name' (Yahveh's name), 'shaker' means 'falsehood' or 'lying', 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'noten' means 'giving' (present participle), 'otam' means 'them', 'be yad' means 'by the hand of', 'Nevukadreatzar' is the name 'Nebuchadnezzar', 'melech' means 'king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 've' means 'and', 'hikham' means 'I will strike' or 'I will smite', 'le eineikhem' means 'before your eyes'. The divine names are translated as instructed: YHVH → Yahveh, Elohim (in construct) → God, and no other divine titles appear.
[JER.29.22] And a curse was taken from them for all the captivity of Judah that is in Babylon, saying, "May Yahveh cause you to be like Zedekiah and like Ahaz, whose voice the king of Babylon heard in the fire." [§]
veLukach mehem kelalah lekol galut Yehudah asher beBavel leimor Yeshimkha Yahveh keTsidkiyahu ukeEchav asher kalem melekhBavel baesh.
've' means 'and', 'Lukach' means 'was taken', 'mehem' means 'from them', 'kelalah' means 'a curse', 'lekol' means 'for all', 'galut' means 'the captivity', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'asher' means 'that', 'beBavel' means 'in Babylon', 'leimor' means 'saying', 'Yeshimkha' means 'may Yahveh cause you', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHWH, 'keTsidkiyahu' means 'like Zedekiah', 'ukeEchav' means 'and like Ahaz', 'asher' means 'whose', 'kalem' means 'voice', 'melekhBavel' means 'the king of Babylon', 'baesh' means 'in the fire'.
[JER.29.23] Because they acted foolishly in Israel and despised the wives of their friends and spoke a false word in my name, which I did not command, and I am the one who makes known and witness, says Yahveh. [§]
Ya'an asher asu nevalah beYisrael vayna'afu et neshyei re'eihem vayedabru davar bishmi sheker asher lo tzivitim ve'anochi havoidea va'ed ne'um-Yahveh.
'Ya'an' means 'because', 'asher' means 'that' or 'for which', 'asu' means 'they did', 'nevalah' means 'folly' or 'stupidity', 'beYisrael' means 'in Israel', 'vayna'afu' means 'and they despised', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'neshyei' means 'wives', 're'eihem' means 'of their friends/companions', 'vayedabru' means 'and they spoke', 'davar' means 'a word' or 'thing', 'bishmi' means 'in my name', 'sheker' means 'false', 'asher' means 'that which', 'lo' means 'not', 'tzivitim' means 'I commanded', 've'anochi' means 'and I', 'havoidea' means 'am the one who makes known' or 'reveal', 'va'ed' means 'and witness', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.29.24] And to Shemaiah the Nechelami you shall say, 'to say'. [§]
ve'el Shema'yahu ha-nechelami tomar le'emor.
've'el' means 'and to', 'Shema'yahu' is the personal name Shemaiah, 'ha-nechelami' means 'the Nechelami' (a designation or clan name), 'tomar' is the second‑person singular imperative meaning 'you shall say', and 'le'emor' is the infinitive construct 'to say', used to introduce quoted speech.
[JER.29.25] Thus says Yahveh of hosts God of Israel, to say: because you have sent in your name books to all the people who are in Jerusalem and to Tzefanyah son of Maaseyah the priest and to all the priests, to say. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael leemor ya'an asher attah shalachta be-shemkha sefarim el kol haam asher birushalayim ve'el Tzefanyah ben Maaseyah ha-kohen ve'el kol ha-koheanim leemor.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' is the literal translation of 'Elohim' in the singular sense as 'God', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'leemor' means 'to say', 'ya'an' means 'because', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'attah' means 'you', 'shalachta' means 'you sent', 'be-shemkha' means 'in your name', 'sefarim' means 'books', 'el' means 'to', 'kol' means 'all', 'haam' means 'the people', 'asher' means 'who', 'birushalayim' means 'in Jerusalem', 've'el' means 'and to', 'Tzefanyah' is a proper name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Maaseyah' is a proper name, 'ha-kohen' means 'the priest', 've'el' means 'and to', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-koheanim' means 'the priests', 'leemor' means 'to say'.
[JER.29.26] Yahveh gave you a priest under Yehoyada the priest to be inspectors in the house of Yahveh for every mad man who prophesies, and you gave him to the overturning and to the tin. [§]
Yahveh netankha kohen tachat Yehoyada hakohen liheyot pekidim beit Yahveh lekhol ish meshugah umitnabe venatata oto el-hamahpechet ve'el-hatzinok.
'Yahveh' means the divine name YHWH, 'netankha' means you gave, 'kohen' means priest, 'tachat' means under, 'Yehoyada' is a personal name, 'hakohen' means the priest, 'liheyot' means to be, 'pekidim' means inspectors, 'beit' means house, 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'lekhol' means for all, 'ish' means man, 'meshugah' means mad, 'umitnabe' means and prophesying, 'venatata' means and you gave, 'oto' means him/it, 'el-hamahpechet' means to the overturning, 've'el-hatzinok' means and to the tin.
[JER.29.27] Now why have you not spoken in Jeremiah, the answering prophet, to you. [§]
ve'atah lamah lo ga'artah beYirmiyahu ha'anetoti hamitnabe lachem.
've'atah' means 'now' (the conjunction ve- 'and' plus 'atah' 'now'), 'lamah' means 'why', 'lo' means 'not', 'ga'artah' is a verb form meaning 'you have acted' or 'you have spoken', 'beYirmiyahu' means 'in Jeremiah' (referring to the book or prophet Jeremiah), 'ha'anetoti' means 'the answerer' or 'the one who answered', 'hamitnabe' means 'the prophet' (one who prophesies), 'lachem' means 'to you' (plural).
[JER.29.28] Because therefore Babylon sent to us to say, 'It is prolonged; build houses and dwell, and plant gardens and eat their fruit.' [§]
Ki al-ken shalach aleinu Babel le'emor arukah hi hiya b'nu batim v'shevu v'nitu ganot v'ichlu et-perihen.
'Ki' means 'because', 'al-ken' means 'for this' or 'therefore', 'shalach' means 'sent', 'aleinu' means 'to us', 'Babel' is the proper name 'Babylon', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'arukah' means 'it is long' or 'it will be prolonged', 'hi' is the pronoun 'it', 'hiya' reinforces 'it', 'b'nu' means 'build', 'batim' means 'houses', 'v'shevu' means 'and dwell', 'v'nitu' means 'and plant', 'ganot' means 'gardens', 'v'ichlu' means 'and eat', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'perihen' means 'their fruit'.
[JER.29.29] And Tzefanyah the priest read this book to the ears of Jeremiah the prophet. [§]
Vayikra Tzefanyah hakohen et-hasefer hazeh be'oznei Yirmiyahu hanavi.
'Vayikra' means 'and called' or 'and read aloud', 'Tzefanyah' is a proper name, 'hakohen' means 'the priest', 'et' is a grammatical marker with no English equivalent, 'hasefer' means 'the book', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'be'oznei' means 'to the ears of', 'Yirmiyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'hanavi' means 'the prophet'.
[JER.29.30] And it was the word of Yahveh to Jeremiah, saying. [§]
Vayehi dvar Yahveh el Yirmeyahu leemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was' or 'and it happened', 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el' means 'to' or 'unto', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, and 'leemor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.29.31] Send to all the exile, saying, 'Thus says Yahveh to Shemaiah the Nehalmite, because you have prophesied to you, Shemaiah, and I have not sent him, and you trusted in falsehood.' [§]
Shlach al kol haggola lemor koh amar Yahveh el Shemaiah hanekhalmi ya'an asher nibba lachem Shemaiah va'ani lo shlachto vayavtach etchem al shaker.
'Shlach' means 'send', 'al kol haggola' means 'to all the exile', 'lemor' means 'to say', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'Shemaiah' is a proper name, 'hanekhalmi' means 'the Nehalmite', 'ya'an' means 'because', 'asher' means 'that', 'nibba' means 'prophesied', 'lachem' means 'to you (plural)', 'va'ani' means 'and I', 'lo' means 'not', 'shlachto' means 'I sent him', 'vayavtach' means 'and he trusted', 'etchem' means 'you', 'al shaker' means 'in falsehood'.
[JER.29.32] Therefore thus says Yahveh: Behold, I am appointing over Shmaya the Nehelami and over his offspring; there shall be no man sitting among this people, and he shall not see the good that I am doing for my people, says Yahveh, because he has spoken falsely about Yahveh. [§]
lachen ko amar Yahveh hineni poked al Shmaya hanekhelami ve al zato lo yihye lo ish yoshev betoch haam hazeh ve lo yireh battov asher ani oseh leami neum Yahveh ki sarah diber al Yahveh.
'lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'hineni' means 'behold I am', 'poked' means 'appointing', 'al' means 'over', 'Shmaya' is a personal name, 'hanekhelami' means 'the Nehelami (one of the families of Shimon)', 've' means 'and', 'zato' means 'his seed/offspring', 'lo' means 'there will not be', 'yihye' means 'be', 'ish' means 'man', 'yoshev' means 'sitting', 'betoch' means 'in the midst of', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 've lo yireh' means 'and he shall not see', 'battov' means 'the good', 'asher' means 'that', 'ani' means 'I', 'oseh' means 'am doing/making', 'leami' means 'for my people', 'neum' means 'says', 'ki' means 'because', 'sarah' means 'has turned away/has spoken falsely', 'diber' means 'spoken', 'al' means 'against/about', and the second 'Yahveh' again is the divine name.
JER.30
[JER.30.1] The word which was to Jeremiah from Yahveh, saying. [§]
ha-davar asher hayah el-Yirmeyahu me'et Yahveh le'emor.
'ha-davar' means 'the word' or 'the message'; 'asher' means 'that' or 'which'; 'hayah' means 'was' or 'came'; 'el' means 'to' or 'toward'; 'Yirmeyahu' is the personal name Jeremiah; 'me'et' means 'from' (literally 'by the hand of'); 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH; 'le'emor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.30.2] Thus said Yahveh the Gods of Israel, to say, Write for yourself all the words that I have spoken to you in a book. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael le'emor ketav lekha et kol hadvarim asher dibarti eilekha el sefer.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHWH, 'Elohei' means 'the Gods', 'Yisrael' means 'of Israel', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'ketav' means 'write', 'lekha' means 'to you (masc.)', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'eilekha' means 'to you', 'el' means 'to', 'sefer' means 'book'.
[JER.30.3] For behold, days are coming says Yahveh, and I will bring back the captivity of my people Israel and Judah, says Yahveh, and I will bring them back to the land that I gave to their ancestors, that they may inherit it. [§]
Ki hineh yamim ba'im ne'um-Yahveh ve-shavti et-shevu't ammi Yisrael vi-Yehudah amar Yahveh va-hashivoti el ha'aretz asher-natati la'avotam vi-yir'shuha.
'Ki' means 'for', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ba'im' means 'are coming', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh' (YHVH translated as Yahveh), 've-shavti' means 'and I will bring back', 'et-shevu't' means 'the captivity', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'vi-Yehudah' means 'and Judah', 'amar Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'va-hashivoti' means 'and I will bring them back', 'el' means 'to', 'ha'aretz' means 'the land', 'asher-natati' means 'that I gave', 'la'avotam' means 'to their ancestors', 'vi-yir'shuha' means 'that they may inherit it'.
[JER.30.4] And these are the words that Yahveh spoke to Israel and to Judah. [§]
Ve'eleh haddevarim asher diber Yahveh el Yisrael ve el Yehudah.
'Ve' means and, 'eleh' means these, 'haddevarim' means the words, 'asher' means that or which, 'diber' means spoke, 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'el' before a name means to, 'Yisrael' means Israel, 'Yehudah' means Judah.
[JER.30.5] Because thus says Yahveh, a voice of alarm we have heard, panic and there is no peace. [§]
Ki-ko amar Yahveh kol charada shamanu pachad veEin shalom.
'Ki' means 'because', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'kol' means 'voice' or 'sound', 'charada' means 'terror' or 'alarm', 'shamanu' means 'we have heard', 'pachad' means 'fear' or 'panic', 'veEin' means 'and there is no', 'shalom' means 'peace'.
[JER.30.6] Please ask and see if a male is born, why I saw every man with his hand on his hips like a birth, and all faces turned toward the green. [§]
Sha'lu na ve'ru im yoled zakhar madua ra'iti kol gever yadaav al chalatzav ka-yoleda ve'nehefku kol pnim le yerakon.
'Sha'lu' means 'ask', 'na' is a particle meaning 'please', 've'ru' means 'and see', 'im' means 'if', 'yoled' means 'is born', 'zakhar' means 'male', 'madua' means 'why' or 'for what reason', 'ra'iti' means 'I saw', 'kol' means 'every' or 'all', 'gever' means 'man', 'yadaav' means 'his hand(s)', 'al' means 'on', 'chalatzav' means 'his loins' or 'his hips', 'ka-yoleda' means 'like a birth', 've'nehefku' means 'and they turned' (literally 'and they were turned'), 'kol' again means 'all', 'pnim' means 'faces', 'le' is a preposition meaning 'to' or 'toward', 'yerakon' means 'the green' or 'greenery'.
[JER.30.7] Alas, for that day is great beyond measure, and it is a time of trouble for Jacob, and from it shall be salvation. [§]
Hoy ki gadol hayom hahu meayin kamohu ve'et-tzara hi leYaakov u-mimena yivasha.
'Hoy' means 'Alas', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'gadol' means 'great', 'hayom' means 'the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'meayin' means 'from where' or 'beyond', 'kamohu' means 'like him' or 'like any', 've'et-tzara' means 'and a time of trouble', 'hi' means 'it is', 'leYaakov' means 'for Jacob', 'u-mimena' means 'and from it' (literally 'and from it'), 'yivasha' means 'shall be saved' (future passive of 'save').
[JER.30.8] And it shall be in that day, says Yahveh of hosts, I will break its yoke from upon your neck and I will loosen your bonds, and strangers will not serve him any longer. [§]
vehayah bayom hahu ne'um Yahveh Tzevaot eshbor ul-lo me'al tzavarekha u-mosrotekha anatek ve lo ya'avdu bo od zarim.
'vehayah' means 'and it will be', 'bayom' means 'in the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal name YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'eshbor' means 'I will break', 'ul-lo' means 'its yoke', 'me'al' means 'from upon', 'tzavarekha' means 'your neck', 'u-mosrotekha' means 'and your bonds', 'anatek' means 'I will loosen', 've' means 'and', 'lo' means 'not', 'ya'avdu' means 'they will serve', 'bo' means 'in him/with him', 'od' means 'no longer', 'zarim' means 'strangers'.
[JER.30.9] And they will serve Yahveh, their God, and David, their king, whom I will establish for them. [§]
veavad u et YHVH elohiyhem ve'et David malkam asher akim lahem.
'veavad u' means 'and they will serve', 'et' is the accusative marker (no English equivalent), 'YHVH' means 'Yahveh', 'elohiyhem' means 'their God' (El = God), 've'et' means 'and', 'David' is the name David, 'malkam' means 'their king', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'akim' means 'I will raise up', 'lahem' means 'for them'.
[JER.30.10] And you, do not fear, my servant Jacob, says Yahveh, and do not be dismayed, Israel, for behold I will save you from afar and your offspring from the land of exile, and Jacob will return, and will be at peace, and will be secure, and there will be no one who harms. [§]
Ve'atah al-tira avdi Yaakov ne'um Yahveh ve'al-techat Yisrael ki hineni moshiacha merachok ve'et-zarcha me'eretz shivyav ve'shav Yaakov ve'shakat ve'sha'anan ve'ein machrid.
'Ve'atah' means 'And you', 'al-tira' means 'do not fear', 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'Yaakov' is the proper name Jacob, 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHWH, 've'al-techat' means 'and do not be dismayed', 'Yisrael' is the proper name Israel, 'ki' means 'for', 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'moshiacha' means 'I will save you', 'merachok' means 'from afar', 've'et-zarcha' means 'and your offspring', 'me'eretz shivyav' means 'from the land of exile', 've'shav' means 'and will return', 'Yaakov' again is Jacob, 've'shakat' means 'and will be at peace', 've'sha'anan' means 'and will be secure', 've'ein' means 'and there is no', 'machrid' means 'one who hinders or harms'.
[JER.30.11] For with you I am, says Yahveh, to save you; for I will destroy all the nations among which I have scattered you there; only you I will not destroy, and I will bind you to judgment and I will purify, I will not strike you. [§]
ki itteka ani neum Yahveh lehoshiacha ki eeseh kalah bekhol hagoyim asher hafitsoticha sham ach otkha lo eeseh kalah veissartecha lamishpat venakke lo anakecha.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'itteka' means 'with you', 'ani' means 'I', 'neum Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'lehoshiacha' means 'to save you', 'eeseh' means 'I will do', 'kalah' means 'destroy', 'bekhol' means 'in all' or 'among all', 'hagoyim' means 'the nations', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'hafitsoticha' means 'I have scattered you', 'sham' means 'there', 'ach' means 'only', 'otkha' means 'you', 'lo' means 'not', 'veissartecha' means 'and I will bind you', 'lamishpat' means 'to judgment', 'venakke' means 'and I will purify', 'anakecha' means 'I will not strike you'.
[JER.30.12] For thus said Yahveh, I will make you a man to break your inheritance, your blow. [§]
ki koh amar Yahveh anush leshivrek nachlah makatekh.
'ki' means 'for', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'anush' means 'I will make (a) man', 'leshivrek' means 'to break your' (lit. for your breaking), 'nachlah' means 'inheritance', 'makatekh' means 'your blow' or 'your strike'.
[JER.30.13] There is no your judgment for the harp; you will ascend to healings, there is none for you. [§]
Ein-dan din'k le-mazor refu'ot te'ala ein lekha.
'Ein' means 'there is not' or 'none', 'dan' is an emphatic particle meaning 'indeed' or 'truly', 'din'k' means 'your judgment', 'le-mazor' means 'to the harp' (mazor = harp or stringed instrument), 'refu'ot' means 'healings' or 'cures', 'te'ala' means 'you will go up' or 'you will ascend', and the final 'ein lekha' repeats 'none for you' or 'you have none'. The verse presents a series of negative statements linked to the harp and to healing, ending with a reiteration that nothing belongs to the addressed person.
[JER.30.14] All your lovers have forgotten you; they will not seek you, because the enemy's blow that struck you was a cruel discipline for the many of your sins, and they hardened your sin. [§]
Kol meahavayich shekhechu otach lo yidroshu ki makat oyev hikiti'ach musar akzari al rov avonech atzmu chatotayich.
'Kol' means 'all', 'meahavayich' means 'your lovers', 'shekhechu' means 'they have forgotten', 'otach' means 'you (object)', 'lo' means 'not', 'yidroshu' means 'they will seek', 'ki' means 'because', 'makat' means 'the blow', 'oyev' means 'of the enemy', 'hikiti'ach' means 'you were struck', 'musar' means 'discipline', 'akzari' means 'cruel', 'al' means 'for', 'rov' means 'many', 'avonech' means 'your sins', 'atzmu' means 'they hardened', 'chatotayich' means 'your sin'.
[JER.30.15] What will you cry over your brokenness, O man, over your pain, over the great weight of your iniquity, they have hardened your sins; I have made these for you. [§]
Mah tizaq al shivrekha anosh makovekha al rov avonekha atzmu chatotayikh asiti eleh lakh.
'Mah' means 'what', 'tizaq' means 'will you cry' or 'shout', 'al' means 'against' or 'over', 'shivrekha' means 'your breaking/brokenness', 'anosh' means 'man' (addressing a person), 'makovekha' means 'your pain', 'al' again means 'over', 'rov' means 'great' or 'many', 'avonekha' means 'your iniquity/guilt', 'atzmu' means 'they have become' or 'they have hardened', 'chatotayikh' means 'your sins', 'asiti' means 'I made' or 'I have done', 'eleh' means 'these', 'lakh' means 'to you' or 'for you'.
[JER.30.16] Therefore all who eat of you shall be devoured, and all your distress shall go out in the desert; they shall be your fools for plunder, and all your looters I will give to destruction. [§]
lachen kol okhlayich yeachelu ve'kol tzarayich kulam bashevi yelechu vehayu shosayich limshisa ve'kol bozazayich etten lavaz.
'lachen' means 'therefore', 'kol' means 'all', 'okhlayich' means 'who eat of you', 'yeachelu' means 'shall be devoured', 've' means 'and', 'tzarayich' means 'your distress', 'kulam' means 'all of them', 'bashevi' means 'in the desert', 'yelechu' means 'they shall go', 'vehayu' means 'and they shall be', 'shosayich' means 'your fool(s)', 'limshisa' means 'for plunder', 'bozazayich' means 'your looters', 'etten' means 'I will give', 'lavaz' means 'to destruction'.
[JER.30.17] Because I will raise a tower for you and from your wounds I will heal you, declares Yahveh, because you are cast out they called you Zion it seeks none for it. [§]
ki aaleh arukah lach umimmakkotayich erpaech neum-Yahveh ki nidacha karu lach Tzion hee doresh ein lah samekh
'ki' means 'because', 'aaleh' means 'I will raise', 'arukah' means 'a tall one' or 'a tower', 'lach' means 'for you', 'umimmakkotayich' means 'and from your wounds', 'erpaech' means 'I will heal you', 'neum-Yahveh' means 'declares Yahveh', 'ki' means 'because', 'nidacha' means 'you are cast out', 'karu' means 'they called', 'lach' means 'you' (object), 'Tzion' means 'Zion', 'hee' means 'it is', 'doresh' means 'seeking', 'ein' means 'none', 'lah' means 'for it', 'samekh' is a verse marker.
[JER.30.18] Thus says Yahveh, Behold I will return the captivity of Jacob's tents and his dwellings, and I will restore them; and a city shall be built upon its hill, and a palace upon its judgment shall sit. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh hineni shav shebut aholei Yaakov u mishkenotav arachem ve nivneta ir al tilah ve armon al mishpato yesev.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, 'hineni' means 'behold' or 'here I am', 'shav' means 'I will return', 'shebut' means 'the captivity', 'aholei' means 'the tents of', 'Yaakov' is the proper name Jacob, 'u' means 'and', 'mishkenotav' means 'his dwellings', 'arachem' means 'I will restore them', 've' means 'and', 'nivneta' means 'shall be built', 'ir' means 'a city', 'al' means 'upon', 'tilah' means 'its hill', 've' means 'and', 'armon' means 'a palace', 'al' means 'upon', 'mishpato' means 'its judgment', 'yesev' means 'shall sit'.
[JER.30.19] And out of them will go thanksgiving and a voice of laughing ones, and their increase, and they will not be diminished, and they will be honored, and they will not cry out. [§]
ve-yatza me-hem todah ve-kol mesachakim ve-hirbittim ve-lo yim'atu ve-hikbadtim ve-lo yitz'aru.
've' means 'and', 'yatza' means 'goes out' or 'will go out', 'me-hem' means 'from them', 'todah' means 'thanksgiving' or 'gratitude', 'kol' means 'voice' or 'sound', 'mesachakim' is the plural participle of 'to laugh', meaning 'those who laugh' or 'laughing', 'hirbittim' is a noun form meaning 'increase' or 'multiplication', 'lo' means 'not', 'yim'atu' is the verb 'they will diminish' in the imperfect, 'hikbadtim' is a verb form meaning 'they will be honored' or 'you will honor them', and the final 'lo yitz'aru' means 'they will not cry out' or 'they will not be angry'.
[JER.30.20] His sons shall be as of old, and his assembly before me shall be established, and I will punish all his portions. [§]
vehayu banav kekedem vaadato lefanai tikon upakadti al kol lochatzav.
'vehayu' means 'and they shall be', 'banav' means 'his sons', 'kekedem' means 'as of old' or 'ancient', 'vaadato' means 'and his assembly', 'lefanai' means 'before me', 'tikon' means 'will be established or stand', 'upakadti' means 'I will punish' (from the root meaning to punish or appoint), 'al' means 'upon', 'kol lochatzav' means 'all his portions' or 'all his parts'.
[JER.30.21] And it shall be that his Mighty One will go out from him, and his rule from his midst; and I will bring him near, and he will draw near to me, for who is this who has mixed his heart to approach me, says Yahveh. [§]
vehayah adiro mimenu umoshlo mikirbo yetse vehiqrabtiyav venigash elai ki mi hu-zeh arav et libbo lagash elai ne'um Yahveh.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'adiro' means 'his Mighty One', 'mimenu' means 'from him', 'umoshl o' means 'and his rule', 'mikirbo' means 'from his midst', 'yetse' means 'will go out', 'vehiqrabtiyav' means 'and I will bring him near', 'venigash' means 'and he will draw near', 'elai' means 'to me', 'ki' means 'for', 'mi' means 'who', 'hu-zeh' means 'is this', 'arav' means 'mixed', 'et libbo' means 'his heart', 'lagash' means 'to approach', 'ne\'um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh'.
[JER.30.22] You will be to me a people, and I will be to you the Gods. [§]
Viheyitem li leam ve anokhi ehyyeh lachem leElohim
'Viheyitem' means 'you will be', 'li' means 'to me', 'leam' means 'a people', 've' means 'and', 'anokhi' means 'I', 'ehyyeh' means 'will be', 'lachem' means 'to you', 'leElohim' means 'the Gods'.
[JER.30.23] Behold the fury of Yahveh, wrath that has gone out, a burning fury upon the head of the wicked; it will devour them. [§]
Hinneh sa'arath Yahveh chemah yatsa'ah saar mitgorer al rosh reshaim yachul.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold', 'sa'arath' means 'the fury' (from sa'ar meaning fury or storm), 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'chemah' means 'wrath' or 'anger', 'yatsa'ah' means 'has gone out' or 'has issued', 'saar' means 'fury' or 'storm' again, 'mitgorer' means 'burning' (from the root g-r-r meaning to blaze), 'al' means 'upon' or 'over', 'rosh' means 'head', 'reshaim' means 'the wicked' (plural of resha), and 'yachul' means 'it will devour' or 'it will consume'.
[JER.30.24] Not will return anger of Yahveh until his doing and until he establishes the schemes of his heart; in the end of the days we will understand it. [§]
lo yashuv haron af Yahveh ad asoto ve'ad heqimo mezimot libo beacharit hayamim titbonenu bah.
'lo' means 'not', 'yashuv' means 'will return', 'haron' means 'anger', 'af' means 'of', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'ad' means 'until', 'asoto' means 'his doing', 've'ad' means 'and until', 'heqimo' means 'he establishes', 'mezimot' means 'schemes' or 'plots', 'libo' means 'his heart', 'beacharit' means 'in the end', 'hayamim' means 'the days', 'titbonenu' means 'we will understand', 'bah' means 'in it'.
JER.31
[JER.31.1] At that time, says Yahveh, I will be the Gods to all the families of Israel, and they will be to Me a people. [§]
Ba'et ha-hee ne'um Yahveh eh-yeh le-Elohim le-khol mishpa-chot Yis-ra-el ve-hem yih-yu li le-am.
'Ba'et' means 'at the time', 'ha-hee' means 'that', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'eh-yeh' means 'I will be', 'le-Elohim' means 'to the Gods' (Elohim rendered as the Gods), 'le-khol' means 'to all', 'mishpa-chot' means 'families', 'Yis-ra-el' means 'Israel', 've-hem' means 'and they', 'yih-yu' means 'will be', 'li' means 'to me', 'le-am' means 'a people'.
[JER.31.2] Thus says Yahveh, He has found favor in the wilderness, a people the remnants of the sword, walking to slay Israel. [§]
Ko amar Yahweh matsa chen bamidbar am seridei charev haloch le'hargio Yisrael.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahweh' is the phonetic form of YHWH which is translated as 'Yahveh', 'matsa' means 'found', 'chen' means 'favor', 'bamidbar' means 'in the wilderness', 'am' means 'people', 'seridei' means 'remnants of', 'charev' means 'the sword', 'haloch' means 'walking', 'le'hargio' means 'to slay' or 'to put to death', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[JER.31.3] From afar Yahveh was seen to me, and everlasting love I love you; therefore I have clothed you with grace. [§]
Merachok Yahveh niraah li veahavat olam ahavtich al-ken meshachtich chesed.
'Merachok' means 'from afar', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'niraah' means 'was seen' or 'appeared', 'li' means 'to me', 'veahavat' means 'and love', 'olam' means 'everlasting', forming the phrase 'everlasting love', 'ahavtich' means 'I love you' (addressed to a female), 'al-ken' means 'therefore' or 'for that reason', 'meshachtich' means 'I have clothed you' or 'I covered you', and 'chesed' means 'grace' or 'lovingkindness'.
[JER.31.4] Again I will build you and you shall be built, O virgin of Israel; again you shall see your ornaments and go out in the dance of the players. [§]
od evnekha ve-nivnet batulat Yisrael od ta'addi tuffayikh ve-yatzat bimechol mashakhim.
'od' means 'again', 'evnekha' means 'I will build you', 've-nivnet' means 'and you shall be built', 'batulat' means 'virgin' (address), 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'od' again means 'again', 'ta'addi' means 'you shall see', 'tuffayikh' means 'your ornaments', 've-yatzat' means 'and you shall go out', 'bimechol' means 'in the dance', 'mashakhim' means 'of the players'.
[JER.31.5] Again you will plant vineyards in the hills of Samaria; they planted, they are planting, and they become ruined. [§]
od titti keramim beharei shomron nat'u noteim vechil'lu
'od' means 'again' or 'still', 'titti' means 'you will plant' (future second person masculine), 'keramim' means 'vineyards', 'beharei' means 'in the hills of', 'shomron' is the place name Samaria, 'nat'u' means 'they planted', 'noteim' means 'they are planting', 'vechil'lu' means 'and they become ruined' or 'are broken'.
[JER.31.6] For there is a day when the watchmen called on the mountain of Ephraim: 'Rise up and let us go up to Zion to Yahveh, our Gods.' [§]
Ki yesh-yom karu notzrim behar Ephrayim, kumu ve-na'aleh Tziyon el-Yahveh Eloheinu.
'Ki' means 'for', 'yesh-yom' means 'there is a day', 'karu' means 'they called', 'notzrim' means 'watchmen', 'behar' means 'on the mountain', 'Ephrayim' is the name of the mountain of Ephraim, 'kumu' means 'rise up', 've-na'aleh' means 'and let us go up', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion', 'el' is the preposition 'to', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, and 'Eloheinu' is the literal translation of Elohim with the suffix 'our', meaning 'our the Gods' i.e., 'our Gods'.
[JER.31.7] Because thus says Yahveh, rejoice for Jacob, be glad; let the head of the nations be lifted up, proclaim, sing, and say: Save Yahveh your people, the remnant of Israel. [§]
ki-ko amar Yahveh ranoo le-Yaakov simcha ve-tzahalu be-rosh ha-goyim hashmiyu halelu ve-imru hosha Yahveh et-amka et she'erit Yisrael.
'ki' means 'because', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'ranoo' means 'rejoice!', 'le-Yaakov' means 'for Jacob', 'simcha' means 'joy' or 'rejoicing', 've-tzahalu' means 'and be glad', 'be-rosh' means 'in the head', 'ha-goyim' means 'of the nations', 'hashmiyu' means 'let them proclaim' or 'make them heard', 'halelu' means 'sing' or 'praise', 've-imru' means 'and say', 'hosha' means 'save', 'et-amka' means 'your people', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'she'erit' means 'remnant', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[JER.31.8] Behold, I bring them from the north land and gather them from the corners of the earth; there will be a blind and a deaf, a pregnant and a birthing together, a great assembly will return here. [§]
Hineni mevi otam me'eretz tzafon ve-kibatztim mi-yarkhtei eretz bam ivver u-pisseach hara ve-yoledet yachdavu kahal gadol yashuvu hena.
'Hineni' means 'Behold I', 'mevi' means 'bring', 'otam' means 'them', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'tzafon' means 'north', 've-kibatztim' means 'and gather them', 'mi-yarkhtei eretz' means 'from the corners of the earth', 'bam' means 'there', 'ivver' means 'a blind [person]', 'u-pisseach' means 'and a deaf [person]', 'hara' means 'pregnant [woman]', 've-yoledet' means 'and [woman] who is birthing', 'yachdavu' means 'together', 'kahal' means 'assembly', 'gadol' means 'great', 'yashuvu' means 'will return', 'hena' means 'here'.
[JER.31.9] In my weeping they will come, and with supplications I will lead them to the water inheritance, on a straight road they will not stumble in it, because I was to Israel as a father, and Ephraim is my firstborn. [§]
bivchi yavo uve-tachanunim ovelim olicham el nachalei mayim be derekh yashar lo yichaslu ba ki hayiti le yisrael le av ve efraim bechori hu
'bivchi' means 'in my weeping', 'yavo' means 'they will come', 'uve-tachanunim' means 'and with supplications', 'ovelim' means 'I will lead', 'olicham' means 'them', 'el' means 'to', 'nachalei' means 'the inheritance of', 'mayim' means 'water', 'be derekh' means 'on the way', 'yashar' means 'straight', 'lo' means 'not', 'yichaslu' means 'they will stumble', 'ba' means 'in it', 'ki' means 'because', 'hayiti' means 'I was', 'le yisrael' means 'to Israel', 'le av' means 'as a father', 've efraim' means 'and Ephraim', 'bechori' means 'my firstborn', 'hu' means 'he/it'.
[JER.31.10] Hear the word of Yahveh, nations, and announce it to the peoples from afar, and say, 'The plunderer of Israel will gather them and keep them like a shepherd his flock.' [§]
Shimu devar-YHWH goyim ve-hagidu ba'iyim mimerkha ve-imru mezareh Yisrael yekabbetsenu ushmro keroh edro.
'Shimu' means 'hear', 'devar' means 'word', 'YHWH' is rendered as 'Yahveh' according to the given rule, 'goyim' means 'nations', 've-hagidu' means 'and announce', 'ba'iyim' means 'to the peoples', 'mimerkha' means 'from afar', 've-imru' means 'and say', 'mezareh' means 'the plunderer' or 'the one who spoils', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'yekabbetsenu' means 'he will gather them', 'ushmr'o' means 'and keep them', 'keroh' means 'like a shepherd', 'edro' means 'his flock'.
[JER.31.11] For Yahveh redeemed Jacob and delivered him from the hand of the strong. [§]
Ki padha Yahveh et Yaakov ugaalo mi yad chazak mimennu.
'Ki' means 'for', 'pada' means 'redeemed', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'Yaakov' is the proper name Jacob, 'ugaalo' means 'and delivered him', 'mi' means 'from', 'yad' means 'hand', 'chazak' means 'strong' or 'mighty', 'mimennu' means 'from us' or 'against him'.
[JER.31.12] And they came and sang in the heights of Zion, and they shall flow to the goodness of Yahveh over grain and over wheat and over oil and over the flocks and cattle, and their souls shall be like a well‑watered garden, and they shall not add any more oppression. [§]
Uvao ve'rinnenu bim'rom tziyon ve'naharun el tov Yahveh al dagan ve'al tiresh ve'al yitzhar ve'al bnei tzoan u'vakar ve'hayetah nafsham ke'gan rave ve'lo yosif leda'vah od.
'Uvao' means 'and they came', 've'rinnenu' means 'and they sang', 'bim'rom' means 'in the heights', 'tziyon' means 'Zion', 've'naharun' means 'and they shall flow', 'el' means 'to', 'tov' means 'goodness', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'al' means 'concerning' or 'over', 'dagan' means 'grain', 'tiresh' means 'wheat', 'yitzhar' means 'oil', 'bnei tzoan' means 'the sons of flock' i.e., 'the flocks', 'u'vakar' means 'and cattle', 've'hayetah' means 'and it shall be', 'nafsham' means 'their souls', 'ke'gan' means 'like a garden', 'rave' means 'well-watered', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'yosif' means 'add', 'leda'vah' means 'to oppression', 'od' means 'anymore'.
[JER.31.13] Then you will rejoice, virgin, in mourning, and youths and elders together, and I will turn their mourning into joy, and they will be comforted, and I will make them rejoice from their sorrow. [§]
az tismach betulah bemaḥol uvachurim uzeqenim yachdav vehapakti evlam lesason venichamtem vesimmachtim migonam
'az' means 'then', 'tismach' means 'you will rejoice', 'betulah' means 'virgin', 'bemaḥol' means 'in mourning', 'uvachurim' means 'and youths', 'uzeqenim' means 'and elders', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'vehapakti' means 'and I will turn', 'evlam' means 'their mourning', 'lesason' means 'into joy', 'venichamtem' means 'and they will be comforted', 'vesimmachtim' means 'and I will make them rejoice', 'migonam' means 'from their sorrow'.
[JER.31.14] I will satisfy the soul of the priests with oil, and my people will be satisfied with my good, says Yahveh. [§]
ve-riveti nefesh hakohanim dashen ve-ammI et-tovi yisbau ne'um-Yehovah
've' means 'and', 'riveti' means 'I will satisfy', 'nefesh' means 'soul', 'hakohanim' means 'the priests', 'dashen' means 'oil', 've' means 'and', 'ammI' means 'my people', 'et' is a grammatical particle (no direct translation), 'tovi' means 'my good', 'yisbau' means 'they will be satisfied', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yehovah' is the Hebrew name of God translated as 'Yahveh'.
[JER.31.15] Thus said Yahveh: a voice from the heights is heard, be weeping bitterly, Rachel weeping over her sons, from mother to comfort over her sons because there is none. [§]
koh amar Yahveh qol beramah nishma nehi beki tamrurim Rachel mevakka al-baneha me'ana lehinahem al-baneha ki einemnu.
'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'qol' means 'voice', 'beramah' means 'in the height', 'nishma' means 'we will hear', 'nehi' means 'be', 'beki' means 'in weeping', 'tamrurim' means 'bitter' or 'bitterness', 'Rachel' is a proper name, 'mevakka' means 'weeping', 'al-baneha' means 'over her sons', 'me'ana' means 'from mother', 'lehinachem' means 'to comfort', 'ki' means 'because', 'einenno' means 'there is none'.
[JER.31.16] Thus says Yahveh: let your voice be silenced from weeping, and your eyes from tears, for there is reward for your work, says Yahveh, and they will return from the enemy's land. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh min'ni kolkha mibekhi ve'einayikh middima ki yeish sachar liphultakh ne'um-Yahveh ve'shavu me'eretz oyeb.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the divine name (translated as Yahveh), 'min'ni' means 'from your' (feminine), 'kolkha' means 'voice', 'mibekhi' means 'from weeping', 've'einayikh' means 'and your eyes', 'middima' means 'from tears', 'ki' means 'for', 'yeish' means 'there is', 'sachar' means 'reward', 'liphultakh' means 'for your work', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 've'shavu' means 'and they will return', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'oyeb' means 'enemy'.
[JER.31.17] And there is hope for your end, says Yahveh, and the sons will return to their border. [§]
ve-yesh tikvah le-acharetekh ne'um Yahveh ve-shavu banim li-gevulam.
've' means 'and', 'yesh' means 'there is', 'tikvah' means 'hope', 'le-acharetekh' means 'for your end', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHWH, the divine name, 've' again means 'and', 'shavu' means 'they will return', 'banim' means 'sons', 'li-gevulam' means 'to their border'.
[JER.31.18] Listen! I have heard, O Ephraim, you are wandering; you have scorned me and I have turned away like an untrained kid. Return me and I will return, because you are Yahveh my God. [§]
shamoa shamati Ephraim mitnoded yissartani va'ivaser ke'egel lo lumad hashiveni ve'ashuvah ki attah Yahveh Elohai.
'shamoa' means 'listen' (imperative), 'shamati' means 'I have heard', 'Ephraim' is the name of the northern kingdom, 'mitnoded' means 'wandering' or 'straying', 'yissartani' means 'you have scorned me' or 'you have rebuked me', 'va'ivaser' means 'and I have turned away' or 'and I have turned back', 'ke'egel' means 'like a kid (young goat)', 'lo' means 'not', 'lumad' means 'taught' or 'trained', 'hashiveni' means 'return me' or 'bring me back', 've'ashuvah' means 'and I will return', 'ki' means 'because', 'attah' means 'you', 'Yahveh' is the proper rendering of the divine name YHWH, and 'Elohai' means 'my God'.
[JER.31.19] Because after I turned back I was comforted, and after I was known I was ashamed over my leg; I was embarrassed and also humbled because I bore the mockery of my youth. [§]
Ki acharei shuví nichamti ve acharei hiwaddi safakti al yarekh boshiti vegam nichlamti ki nasati cherpat ne'urai.
'Ki' means 'because', 'acharei' means 'after', 'shuví' means 'I turned back' or 'I returned', 'nichamti' means 'I was comforted' or 'I repented', 've' means 'and', 'acharei' again means 'after', 'hiwaddi' (from the root yada) means 'I was known' or 'I learned', 'safakti' means 'I was ashamed', 'al' means 'upon' or 'over', 'yarekh' means 'leg' (used metaphorically for 'my lower part' or 'my support'), 'boshiti' means 'I was ashamed' or 'I was embarrassed', 'vegam' means 'and also', 'nichlamti' means 'I was humbled' or 'I was disgraced', 'ki' means 'because', 'nasati' means 'I bore' or 'I carried', 'cherpat' means 'mockery' or 'scorn', 'ne'urai' means 'my youth'.
[JER.31.20] Understand! He will honor for me Ephraim if a child of delights, because from my speech in him remember, I will remember him again; therefore let them have from my eye to him compassion, I will have compassion, says Yahveh. [§]
Haven yakir li Ephraim im yeled shashuim ki middei dabbri bo zakhor ezkerenu od al-ken hamu mei lo rahem arachemen ne'um Yahveh.
'Haven' means 'understand (imperative)'. 'yakir' means 'will honor' or 'honors'. 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me'. 'Ephraim' is a proper name meaning 'fruitful'. 'im' means 'if'. 'yeled' means 'child'. 'shashuim' means 'delights' or 'pleasures'. 'ki' means 'because' or 'for'. 'middei' means 'from the words of' (literally 'of my speech'). 'dabbri' means 'my word' or 'my speech'. 'bo' means 'in him' or 'with him'. 'zakhor' means 'remember!'. 'ezkerenu' means 'I will remember him'. 'od' means 'again' or 'still'. 'al-ken' means 'therefore' or 'for that reason'. 'hamu' means 'they have' or 'let them'. 'mei' means 'from (my) eye' (literally 'from my eye'). 'lo' means 'to him'. 'rahem' means 'have mercy' or 'be compassionate'. 'arachemen' means 'I will have compassion'. 'ne'um' means 'says' and 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH. The final 'ס' is a scribal notation and is omitted in translation.
[JER.31.21] The blossoms are yours, the sweet things are yours; drink your heart along the road, the way you have walked. Return, virgin of Israel, return to your cities, these. [§]
Ha-tsivi lakh tziyunim, si-mi lakh tamrurim, shi-ti libeich lam-silla derekh halakty, shuvi betulat Yisrael, shuvi el areich ele.
'Ha-tsivi' means 'the blossoms', 'lakh' means 'to you (feminine)', 'tziyunim' means 'flowers', 'si-mi' means 'place/put', 'tamrurim' means 'sweet things', 'shi-ti' means 'drink', 'libeich' means 'your heart', 'lam-silla' means 'to the road', 'derekh' means 'way', 'halakty' means 'you walked', 'shuvi' means 'return', 'betulat' means 'virgin', 'Yisrael' is the name of Israel, 'el' means 'to', 'areich' means 'your cities', 'ele' means 'these'.
[JER.31.22] Until when will you be evasive, O naughty daughter, because Yahveh created a new woman on the earth to surround a man. [§]
ad-matay titchamakin habat hashovevah ki bara Yahveh chadashah baaretz nekevah tesovev gaver.
'ad' means 'until', 'matai' means 'when', 'titchamakin' means 'you will be evasive', 'habat' means 'the daughter', 'hashovevah' means 'the naughty', 'ki' means 'because', 'bara' means 'created', 'Yahveh' is the divine name, 'chadashah' means 'new', 'baaretz' means 'on the earth', 'nekevah' means 'woman', 'tesovev' means 'surround', 'gaver' means 'man'.
[JER.31.23] Thus says Yahveh of hosts the Gods of Israel, still they will say this word in the land of Judah and in its cities when I bring back their captivity, Yahveh will bless you, Yahveh, righteousness of the holy mountain. [§]
Koh-amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael Od Yoamru et-hadavar hazzeh be'eretz Yehudah uv'arei beshuvi et-shevutam yevarekhkha Yahveh neveh-tzedek har hakodesh.
'Koh-amar' means 'Thus says', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' means 'the Gods of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'Od' means 'still', 'Yoamru' means 'they will say', 'et-hadavar hazzeh' means 'this word', 'be'eretz Yehudah' means 'in the land of Judah', 'uv'arei' means 'and in its cities', 'beshuvi' means 'when I bring back', 'et-shevutam' means 'their captivity', 'yevarekhkha' means 'will bless you', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'neveh-tzedek' means 'righteousness', 'har' means 'mountain', 'hakodesh' means 'the holy'.
[JER.31.24] And they will dwell in it, Judah and all its cities together, the strangers, and they will travel in a crowd. [§]
ve-yashvu ba Yehudah ve-khol-arav yachdau ikkharim ve-nasu ba'eder.
've' means 'and', 'yashvu' means 'they will dwell', 'ba' means 'in it', 'Yehudah' is the name 'Judah', 've' again means 'and', 'khol' means 'all', 'arav' means 'its cities', 'yachdau' means 'together', 'ikkharim' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', 've' again means 'and', 'nasu' means 'they will travel' or 'depart', 'ba' means 'in' or 'with', 'eder' means 'a crowd' or 'a company'.
[JER.31.25] Because I have satisfied a weary soul, and I have filled every troubled soul. [§]
Ki hirveiti nefesh ayefa vechol-nefesh da'ava mile'ati.
'Ki' means 'because', 'hirveiti' means 'I have satisfied' or 'I have provided', 'nefesh' means 'soul', 'ayefa' means 'wearied' or 'tired', 've' is the conjunction 'and', 'chol-nefesh' means 'every soul', 'da'ava' means 'troubled' or 'grieving', 'mile'ati' means 'I have filled'.
[JER.31.26] Upon this I have arisen and I will see, and my years have become an evening for me. [§]
Al zot hekitzti va'ereh veshnati arbeh li.
'Al' means 'upon' or 'because of', 'zot' means 'this', 'hekitzti' is the verb 'I have arisen' or 'I have awakened', 'va'ereh' means 'and I have seen' or 'and I will see', 'veshnati' means 'my years' (literally 'my year' in the sense of one's lifespan), 'arbeh' means 'evening' or 'twilight', and 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me'.
[JER.31.27] Behold, days are coming, says Yahveh, and I will sow the house of Israel and the house of Judah, seed of man and seed of animal. [§]
Hineh yamim ba'im ne'um Yahveh vezarati et bet Yisrael ve et bet Yehudah zera adam ve zera behemah.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ba'im' means 'are coming', 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'vezarati' means 'and I will sow', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'bet Yisrael' means 'the house of Israel', 've et bet Yehudah' means 'and the house of Judah', 'zera adam' means 'seed of man', and 've zera behemah' means 'and seed of animal'.
[JER.31.28] And it shall be as I have watched over them to destroy and to crush and to ruin and to wipe out and to do evil; so I will watch over them to build and to plant, says Yahveh. [§]
vehayah ka'asher shakadti alehem lintosh velintotz velaharos ulehaviv uleharea ken eshkod alehem livnot velintoa ne'um Yahveh.
'vehayah' means 'and it will be', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'shakadti' means 'I have watched/kept vigil', 'alehem' means 'over them', 'lintosh' means 'to destroy', 'velintotz' means 'and to crush', 'velaharos' means 'and to ruin', 'ulehaviv' means 'and to wipe out', 'uleharea' means 'and to do evil', 'ken' means 'so', 'eshkod' means 'I will watch/keep vigil', 'alehem' means 'over them', 'livnot' means 'to build', 'velintoa' means 'and to plant', 'ne''um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.31.29] In those days they will not say any more that fathers have eaten bitterness, and the children's teeth will be gathered. [§]
Ba yamim ha hem lo-yom'ru od avot akhlu boser ve-shinei banim tikheynah.
'Ba' means 'in', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ha hem' means 'those', 'lo-yom'ru' means 'will not say', 'od' means 'anymore' or 'still', 'avot' means 'fathers', 'akhlu' means 'have eaten', 'boser' means 'bitter thing' or 'bitterness', 've' means 'and', 'shinei' means 'teeth of', 'banim' means 'children', 'tikheynah' means 'will be gathered' or 'will be collected'.
[JER.31.30] For if a man dies in his sin, every person who eats the flesh will be ashamed of his teeth. [§]
Ki im ish ba'avono yamot, kol ha'adam ha'ochal habasar tiqheinah shinav.
'Ki' means 'for', 'im' means 'if', 'ish' means 'a man', 'ba'avono' means 'in his sin', 'yamot' means 'dies', 'kol' means 'all' or 'every', 'ha'adam' means 'the people' or 'the man', 'ha'ochal' means 'the one who eats', 'habasar' means 'the flesh', 'tiqheinah' means 'will be ashamed', 'shinav' means 'his teeth'.
[JER.31.31] Behold the days are coming, says Yahveh, and I will cut the house of Israel and the house of Judah a new covenant. [§]
Hineh yamim ba'im ne'um Yahveh vecharatti et-bet Yisrael ve-et-bet Yehudah be'rit chadasha.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ba'im' means 'coming', 'ne'um' is a prophetic formula meaning 'says' or 'utterance of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'vecharatti' means 'and I will cut' (from the verb 'karat' meaning to cut or make a covenant), 'et-bet Yisrael' means 'the house of Israel', 've-et-bet Yehudah' means 'and the house of Judah', 'be'rit' means 'in a covenant' and 'chadasha' means 'new'.
[JER.31.32] Not the covenant that I made with their fathers on the day I held them by the hand to bring them out from the land of Egypt, which they broke my covenant and I possessed them, says Yahveh. [§]
Lo k'verit asher karati et avotam beyom hechazi ki beyadam lehotzi otam me'eretz Mitzrayim asher hem heferu et beriti ve'anokhi ba'alti bam ne'um Yahveh.
'Lo' means 'not', 'k'verit' means 'the covenant', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'karati' means 'I made', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'avotam' means 'their fathers', 'beyom' means 'on the day', 'hechazi' means 'I seized/held', 'ki' means 'to', 'beyad' means 'by the hand', 'lehotzi' means 'to bring out', 'otam' means 'them', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'asher' means 'which', 'hem' means 'they', 'heferu' means 'broke', 'et' (object marker), 'beriti' means 'my covenant', 've'anokhi' means 'and I', 'ba'alti' means 'took hold of/possessed', 'bam' means 'in them', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.31.33] For this is the covenant that I will make with the house of Israel after those days, says Yahveh: I gave my law in their midst, and on their hearts I will write it; and I will be to them God, and they will be to me a people. [§]
ki zot habrit asher ekhr et beit yisrael acharai hayamim hahem neum yahveh natati et torati beqirbam veal libam ekhtavena vehayiti lahem leelohim vehema yihyu li leam
'Ki' means 'for', 'zot' means 'this', 'habrit' means 'the covenant', 'asher' means 'that', 'ekhr' means 'I will make', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'beit' means 'house', 'yisrael' means 'Israel', 'acharei' means 'after', 'hayamim' means 'the days', 'hahem' means 'those', 'neum' means 'says', 'yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'natati' means 'I gave', 'torati' means 'my law', 'beqirbam' means 'in their midst', 'veal' means 'and on', 'libam' means 'their heart', 'ekhtavena' means 'I will write it', 'vehayiti' means 'and I will be', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'leelohim' means 'God' (literal translation of El), 'vehema' means 'and they', 'yihyu' means 'will be', 'li' means 'to me', 'leam' means 'a people'.
[JER.31.34] And they shall not teach any man his fellow nor a man his brother, saying, Know Yahveh, for all of them shall know me from the smallest to the greatest, says Yahveh, for I will forgive their sin and their iniquity; I will not remember them again. [§]
ve'lo yelammedu od ish et-re'eihu ve'ish et-achiv le'emor de'u et-Yahveh ki kulam yedu oti le-miktanam ve'ad-gedolam ne'um-Yahveh ki eslach la'avonam u-lechatatam lo ezkar od.
've'lo' means 'and not', 'yelammedu' means 'they will teach', 'od' means 'anymore', 'ish' means 'a man', 'et-re'eihu' means 'his fellow', 've'ish' means 'and a man', 'et-achiv' means 'his brother', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'de'u' means 'know', 'et-Yahveh' means 'the LORD Yahveh', 'ki' means 'for', 'kulam' means 'all of them', 'yedu' means 'will know', 'oti' means 'me', 'le-miktanam' means 'from the smallest', 've'ad-gedolam' means 'and to the greatest', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'eslach' means 'I will forgive', 'la'avonam' means 'their sin', 'u-lechatatam' means 'and their iniquity', 'lo' means 'not', 'ezkar' means 'I will remember', 'od' means 'again'.
[JER.31.35] Thus says Yahveh, giver of the sun for daylight, law of the moon and stars for nightlight, bruiser of the sea and they are shaken its waves; Yahveh of hosts is his name. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh notein shemesh leor yomam chukot yareach vekochavim leor layla roga ha-yam vayehemu galav Yahveh Tzevaot shmo.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH, 'notein' means 'giver' or 'one who gives', 'shemesh' means 'sun', 'leor' means 'for light', 'yomam' means 'daytime' (day), 'chukot' means 'law' or 'ordinance', 'yareach' means 'moon', 'vekochavim' means 'and stars', 'leor' again means 'for light', 'layla' means 'night', 'roga' means 'bruiser' or 'stirrer', 'ha-yam' means 'the sea', 'vayehemu' means 'and they are shaken', 'galav' means 'its waves', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (plural of host/army), 'shmo' means 'his name'.
[JER.31.36] If these statutes are silenced before me, says Yahveh, even the seed of Israel will become a nation before me all the days. [§]
Im yamushu hachukim haeleh milfanai ne'um Yahveh gam zera Yisrael yishvetu miheyot goy lefanai kol hayamim.
'Im' means 'if', 'yamushu' means 'are silenced', 'hachukim' means 'the statutes', 'haeleh' means 'these', 'milfanai' means 'before me', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'gam' means 'also', 'zera' means 'seed' or 'offspring', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'yishvetu' means 'will dwell', 'miheyot' means 'as a nation', 'goy' means 'nation' or 'people', 'lefanai' means 'before me', 'kol' means 'all', 'hayamim' means 'the days'.
[JER.31.37] Thus says Yahveh, If the heavens above were extended and the foundations of the earth were examined to the bottom, even I would be disgusted with all the seed of Israel for all that they have done, says Yahveh. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh im yimaddu shamayim milmaala ve'yehakru mosde eretz lematta gam ani emass bechol zera Yisrael al kol asher asu ne'um Yahveh.
'Ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'im' means 'if', 'yimaddu' means 'are extended', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 'milmaala' means 'from above', 've'yehakru' means 'and they are examined', 'mosde' means 'foundations', 'eretz' means 'earth', 'lematta' means 'to the bottom', 'gam' means 'also', 'ani' means 'I', 'emass' means 'will be disgusted', 'bechol' means 'with all', 'zera' means 'seed' or 'offspring', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'al' means 'for', 'kol' means 'all', 'asher' means 'that which', 'asu' means 'they have done', 'ne'um' means 'says', and the second 'Yahveh' again translates the divine name YHVH.
[JER.31.38] Behold, days says Yahveh, and the city for Yahveh will be built from the tower of Hananel, the corner gate. [§]
hineh yamim neum Yahveh ve-nivneta hair laYahveh mimigdal Hananel sha'ar hapinnah.
'hineh' means 'behold', 'yamim' means 'days' (or 'times'), 'neum Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 've-nivneta' means 'and (it) will be built', 'hair' means 'the city', 'laYahveh' means 'for Yahveh', 'mimigdal' means 'from the tower of', 'Hananel' is a proper name, 'sha'ar' means 'gate', and 'hapinnah' means 'the corner' (so 'the corner gate').
[JER.31.39] And he went out again, Kah the measure before him upon the hill of Gareb, and he turned about its circuit. [§]
ve-yatsa od kah ha-middah negdo al gibat gareb ve-nasav goata.
've-yatsa' means 'and he went out', 'od' means 'again' or 'still', 'kah' is taken as a proper name or term here, 'ha-middah' means 'the measure', 'negdo' means 'in front of him' or 'against him', 'al' means 'upon', 'gibat' means 'the hill of', 'gareb' is a place name 'Gareb', 've-nasab' means 'and he turned around' or 'and he went about', 'goata' means 'its circuit' or 'its turning'.
[JER.31.40] and all the valley of the dead and the grass and all the fields up to the stream of Kidron up to the corner of the gate of the horses from the east, holy to Yahveh, shall not be given up nor shall it be destroyed again forever. [§]
vekol haemek hapegarim vehadesshen veikol hashremot ad nachal Kidron ad pinat sha'ar hasusim mizrahah kodesh laYahveh lo yinatesh ve'lo yehares od leolam.
'vekol' means 'and all', 'haemek' means 'the valley', 'hapegarim' means 'of the dead', 'vehadesshen' means 'and the grass', 'veikol' means 'and all', 'hashremot' means 'the fields', 'ad' means 'up to', 'nachal' means 'the stream', 'Kidron' is a proper name of a valley, 'ad' again means 'up to', 'pinat' means 'the corner', 'sha'ar' means 'the gate', 'hasusim' means 'of the horses', 'mizrahah' means 'from the east', 'kodesh' means 'holy', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh' (the name of God), 'lo' means 'not', 'yinatesh' means 'shall be given up', 've' means 'and', 'lo' again 'not', 'yehares' means 'shall be destroyed', 'od' means 'again', 'leolam' means 'forever'.
JER.32
[JER.32.1] The word that was to Jeremiah from Yahveh in the twentieth year of Zedekiah king of Judah; it was the eighteenth year of Nebuchadnezzar. [§]
Hadavar asher haya el Yirmeyahu me'et Yahveh ba-shanah ha-ashirit le-Tzidkiyahu melech Yehudah hi ha-shanah shmonah-aser shanah li-Nebuchadrezar.
'Hadavar' means 'the word'; 'asher' means 'that/which'; 'haya' means 'was'; 'el' means 'to/for' (in this context 'to'); 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah; 'me'et' means 'from'; 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH; 'ba-shanah' means 'in the year'; 'ha-ashirit' means 'the twentieth'; 'le-Tzidkiyahu' means 'of Zedekiah'; 'melech' means 'king'; 'Yehudah' means 'of Judah'; 'hi' means 'it was'; 'ha-shanah' means 'the year'; 'shmonah-aser' means 'eighteen'; 'shanah' means 'year'; 'li-Nebuchadrezar' means 'of Nebuchadnezzar'.
[JER.32.2] And then the army of the king of Babylon was besieging Jerusalem, and Jeremiah the prophet was bound in the courtyard of the prison that was in the house of the king of Judah. [§]
Veaz cheyl melech Babel tzarim al Yerushalayim veYirmehu haNavi haya kalu bachatzar haMatarah asher beitMelech Yehudah.
'Veaz' means 'and then', 'cheyl' means 'army', 'melech' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'tzarim' means 'besieging' or 'oppressing', 'al' means 'against', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'veYirmehu' means 'and Jeremiah', 'haNavi' means 'the prophet', 'haya' means 'was', 'kalu' means 'bound', 'bachatzar' means 'in the courtyard', 'haMatarah' means 'of the prison', 'asher' means 'that', 'beitMelech' means 'house of the king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah'.
[JER.32.3] That, when Zedekiah king of Judah said, 'Why do you prophesy, saying, Thus says Yahveh: Behold, I will give this city into the hand of the king of Babylon, and it shall be captured.' [§]
asher kela'o Tsidkiyahu melech-yehudah le'emor madua atah nibba le'emor koh amar Yahveh hinneni noten et-hair hazot bed melech-babel ulekhdah.
'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'kela'o' means 'when it was finished' (an idiom meaning 'as soon as'), 'Tsidkiyahu' is the personal name 'Zedekiah', 'melech-yehudah' means 'king of Judah', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'madua' means 'why', 'atah' means 'you', 'nibba' means 'you prophesy', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'hinneni' means 'behold', 'noten' means 'I will give', 'et-hair' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'bed' means 'into the hand of', 'melech-babel' means 'king of Babylon', 'ulekhadah' means 'and its capture'.
[JER.32.4] And Zedekiah the king of Judah will not escape from the hand of the Chaldeans, for he will give into the hand of the king of Babylon, and he will speak his mouth with his mouth, and his eyes will see his eyes. [§]
ve Tzidkiyahu melek Yehudah lo yimmalet miyad hakashdim ki hinaton yinnaten beyad melek-Bavel ve-diber-piv im-pi ve-einav et-einav tire'ena
've Tzidkiyahu' means 'and Zedekiah', 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'lo' means 'not', 'yimmalet' means 'will escape', 'miyad' means 'from the hand of', 'hakashdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'ki' means 'because', 'hinaton' means 'he will have given' (a form of 'give'), 'yinnaten' means 'he will give', 'beyad' means 'by the hand of', 'melek-Bavel' means 'the king of Babylon', 've-diber-piv' means 'and he will speak his mouth', 'im-pi' means 'with his mouth', 've-einav' means 'and his eyes', 'et-einav' means 'the [of] his eyes', 'tire'ena' means 'will see'.
[JER.32.5] And Babylon will carry off Zedekiah, and there he will be until I watch him, declares Yahveh, because you will wage war against the Chaldeans you will not succeed. [§]
u-bavel yolich et tsidkiyahu ve-sham yihey ad paqdi oto neum-Yahveh ki tilachamu et hakassdim lo tatzlichu.
'u-bavel' means 'and Babylon', 'yolich' means 'will carry' or 'will go away with', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'tsidkiyahu' means 'Zedekiah', 've-sham' means 'and there', 'yihey' means 'will be', 'ad' means 'until', 'paqdi' means 'I watch' or 'I keep', 'oto' means 'him', 'neum-Yahveh' means 'declares Yahveh' (the name YHVH is translated as Yahveh), 'ki' means 'because', 'tilachamu' means 'you will wage war', 'et' again the object marker, 'hakassdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'lo' means 'not', and 'tatzlichu' means 'you will succeed'.
[JER.32.6] And Jeremiah said, the word of Yahveh was to me, to say. [§]
Vayomer Yirmeyahu hayah devar-Yahveh elai leemor.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yirmeyahu' is the proper name 'Jeremiah', 'hayah' means 'was', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', and 'leemor' means 'to say'.
[JER.32.7] Behold Chanamel son of Shallum your grandfather has come to you to say, 'Buy for yourself the field that is in the vineyards, because the law of redemption is yours to purchase.' [§]
Hineh Chanamel ben-Shallum dodkha ba elekha le'emor keneh lekha et sadi asher ba'anatot ki lekha mishpat hageula liknot.
'Hineh' means 'behold', 'Chanamel' is a proper name, 'ben-Shallum' means 'son of Shallum', 'dodkha' means 'your grandfather', 'ba' means 'has come', 'elekha' means 'to you', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'keneh' means 'buy', 'lekha' means 'for you', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'sadi' means 'field', 'asher' means 'that', 'ba'anatot' means 'in the vineyards', 'ki' means 'because', 'lekha' means 'for you', 'mishpat' means 'law', 'hageula' means 'the redemption', 'liknot' means 'to purchase'.
[JER.32.8] And he came to me Chenameel son of Dodi as the word of Yahweh to the courtyard of the assembly, and he said to me, 'Buy now the field that is in the vineyards which are in the land of Benjamin, for to you belongs the inheritance judgment and to you the redemption. Buy it, and I know that the word of Yahweh is it.' [§]
Vayyavo elai Chenameel ben Dodi kidvar Yahweh el chatzer ha-mattar ah vayomer elai k'neh na et-sadi asher ba-anatot asher be-eretz Binyamin ki lecha mishpat ha-yirushah u-lecha ha-geula k'neh-lach va'edah ki devar Yahweh hu.
'Vayyavo' means 'and came', 'elai' means 'to me', 'Chenameel' is a proper name, 'ben Dodi' means 'son of Dodi', 'kidvar' means 'as the word', 'Yahweh' is the divine name translated as Yahweh, 'el' means 'to', 'chatzer' means 'courtyard', 'ha-mattar' means 'the assembly' or 'the meeting place', 'vayomer' means 'and said', 'elai' again 'to me', 'k'neh na' means 'buy now', 'et-sadi' means 'the field', 'asher' means 'that', 'ba-anatot' means 'in the vineyards', 'asher' again 'that', 'be-eretz Binyamin' means 'in the land of Benjamin', 'ki' means 'for', 'lecha' means 'to you', 'mishpat ha-yirushah' means 'the judgment of the inheritance', 'u-lecha' means 'and to you', 'ha-geula' means 'the redemption', 'k'neh-lach' means 'buy it', 'va'edah' means 'and I know', 'ki' means 'that', 'devar Yahweh' means 'the word of Yahweh', 'hu' means 'it'.
[JER.32.9] And I bought the field from Hanameel son of Dodai who was in his need, and I weighed out for him the silver: seven shekels and ten silver. [§]
Va'ekne et-hashadeh me'et Chanamel ben-Dodi asher ba'anot va'eshkelah-lo et-hakeseph shiva shekalim ve'asarah hakaseph.
'Va'ekne' means 'and I bought', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'hashadeh' means 'the field', 'me'et' means 'from', 'Chanamel' is a proper name, 'ben-Dodi' means 'son of Dodai', 'asher' means 'who', 'ba'anot' means 'in his need/poverty', 'va'eshkelah-lo' means 'and I weighed out for him', 'et' again is the accusative marker, 'hakeseph' means 'the silver', 'shiva' means 'seven', 'shekalim' means 'shekels', 've'asarah' means 'and ten', 'hakaseph' again means 'the silver'.
[JER.32.10] And I wrote in the book, and I sealed, and I bore witness to witnesses, and I weighed the silver in balances. [§]
vaekhtov bassefer vaekhtom vaoaed eidim vaeshkol hakeseph bemozanim.
'vaekhtov' means 'and I wrote', 'bassefer' means 'in the book', 'vaekhtom' means 'and I sealed', 'vaoaed' means 'and I bore witness', 'eidim' means 'witnesses', 'vaeshkol' means 'and I weighed', 'hakeseph' means 'the silver', 'bemozanim' means 'in balances'.
[JER.32.11] And I took the book of the purchase, the sealed commandment, the statutes, and the hidden. [§]
Va'ekach et-sefer ha-mikna et-hechatum ha-mitzvah ve-hachukkim ve'et ha-galui.
'Va'ekach' means 'and I took', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'sefer' means 'book' or 'record', 'ha-mikna' means 'the purchase' (a record of a sale), 'hechatum' means 'the sealed [thing]', 'ha-mitzvah' means 'the commandment', 've-hachukkim' means 'and the statutes', and 'ha-galui' means 'the hidden' or 'the rolled‑up [portion]'.
[JER.32.12] And I gave the book of purchase to Baruch son of Neriya son of Machseyah in the presence of Chaname'el my beloved and in the presence of the witnesses who write in the book of purchase in the presence of all the Jews who sit in the courtyard of the courtyard. [§]
va'eten et-hasefer hamikna el-Baruch ben-Neriya ben-Machseyah le'enei Chaname'el Dodi u'le'enei ha'edim hakotvim be'sefer hamikna le'enei kol-hayehudim hayoshvim ba'chatzer hamatarah.
'va'eten' means 'and I gave', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'hasefer' means 'the book', 'hamikna' means 'of purchase', 'el' means 'to', 'Baruch' is a proper name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Neriya' is a proper name, 'Machseyah' is a proper name, 'le'enei' means 'in the sight of', 'Chaname'el' is a proper name, 'Dodi' means 'my beloved', 'u'le'enei' means 'and in the sight of', 'ha'edim' means 'the witnesses', 'hakotvim' means 'who write', 'be'sefer' means 'in the book', 'hamikna' again 'of purchase', 'le'enei' again 'in the sight of', 'kol' means 'all', 'hayehudim' means 'the Jews', 'hayoshvim' means 'who sit', 'ba'chatzer' means 'in the courtyard', 'hamatarah' means 'the courtyard of the courtyard' (referring to the inner court).
[JER.32.13] And I command the blessed before their sight, saying: [§]
Va atzaveh et Baruch le eineihem le'emor.
'Va' means 'and', 'atzaveh' means 'I command', 'et' is the direct object marker (not translated), 'Baruch' means 'the blessed' (a proper name), 'le eineihem' means 'in their eyes' or 'before their sight', 'le'emor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.32.14] Thus says Yahveh of hosts the Gods of Israel: Take these scrolls, the book of this purchase, and the seal, and this revealed book, and place them in a copper vessel, so that they may stand for many days. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael laqoach et hassefarim haelleh et Sefer hamiknah hazeh ve et ha chatum ve et Sefer hagalui hazeh u nitatam bikheli cheres lema'an yaamdu yamim rabbim.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH and is rendered as 'Yahveh', 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' is the plural form of Elohim and is rendered as 'the Gods', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'laqoach' means 'to take', 'et' is the direct object marker (no translation), 'hassefarim' means 'the scrolls', 'haelleh' means 'these', 'Sefer' means 'book', 'hamiknah' means 'of purchase', 'hazeh' means 'this', 've' means 'and', 'ha chatum' means 'the seal', 'hagalui' means 'the revealed', 'bikheli cheres' means 'in a copper vessel', 'lema'an' means 'for the purpose', 'yaamdu' means 'they may stand', 'yamim' means 'days', 'rabbim' means 'many'.
[JER.32.15] Because thus said Yahveh of hosts God of Israel, yet they will buy houses and fields and vineyards in this land. [§]
Ki koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael od yikanu batim ve sadoot u keramim baaretz hazot.
'Ki' means 'because', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (armies), 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'od' means 'still' or 'yet', 'yikanu' means 'they will buy', 'batim' means 'houses', 've' means 'and', 'sadoot' means 'fields', 'u' means 'and', 'keramim' means 'vineyards', 'baaretz' means 'in the land', 'hazot' means 'this'.
[JER.32.16] And I prayed to Yahveh after I gave the book of purchase to Baruch son of Neriya, saying: [§]
va'etpalel el-Yahveh acharei titi et sefer ha-miknah el Baruch ben Neriya le'emor.
'va'etpalel' means 'and I prayed', 'el' means 'to', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'acharei' means 'after', 'titi' means 'I gave', 'et' is the accusative marker (not translated), 'sefer' means 'book', 'ha-miknah' means 'the purchase', 'el' means 'to', 'Baruch' is a personal name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Neriya' is a personal name, 'le'emor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.32.17] Behold, my Lord Yahveh, you have made the heavens and the earth by your great power and by your outstretched arm; nothing will be lacking from you, every thing. [§]
Ahah Adonai Yahveh hineh attah asita et-hashamayim ve-et-haaretz bekoachacha ha-gadol u-vizroacha ha-ntuyah lo-yippale mimkha kol-davar.
'Ahah' means 'Behold', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'hineh' means 'see' or 'behold', 'attah' means 'you', 'asita' means 'you made' or 'you have done', 'et' is the accusative particle, 'hashamayim' means 'the heavens', 've-et' means 'and the', 'haaretz' means 'earth', 'bekochacha' means 'by your strength', 'ha-gadol' means 'the great', 'u-vizroacha' means 'and by your arm', 'ha-ntuyah' means 'the outstretched', 'lo-yippale' means 'will not lack' or 'shall not be lacking', 'mimkha' means 'from you', 'kol' means 'all', 'davar' means 'thing' or 'matter'.
[JER.32.18] One who does kindness to thousands and repays the sin of fathers to the lap of their children after them, the God the great the mighty Yahveh of hosts his name. [§]
oseh chesed la'alafim u-meshalem avon avot el-cheik b'neihem achareihem ha'el ha'gadol ha'gibor Yahveh tzevaot shmo.
'oseh' means 'does' or 'makes', 'chesed' means 'kindness' or 'mercy', 'la'alafim' means 'to thousands', 'u-meshalem' means 'and repays', 'avon' means 'sin', 'avot' means 'of fathers', 'el-cheik' means 'to the lap', 'b'neihem' means 'their children', 'achareihem' means 'after them', 'ha'el' means 'the God' (El translated as God), 'ha'gadol' means 'the great', 'ha'gibor' means 'the mighty', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'shmo' means 'his name'.
[JER.32.19] Great is the counsel and abundant the skilfulness which your eyes have opened over all the ways of the sons of man, to give each man according to his ways, and the recompense of his deeds. [§]
gedol haetsah verev haaliliyah asher eincha pekuchot al kol darchei benei adam latet leish kidrachav vekhipri ma'alalav.
'gedol' means 'great', 'haetsah' means 'the counsel', 'verev' means 'and abundant', 'haaliliyah' means 'the skilfulness', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'eincha' means 'your eyes', 'pekuchot' means 'are opened', 'al' means 'over', 'kol' means 'all', 'darchei' means 'ways', 'benei' means 'sons of', 'adam' means 'man', 'latet' means 'to give', 'leish' means 'to a man', 'kidrachav' means 'according to his ways', 'vekhipri' means 'and his recompense', 'ma'alalav' means 'of his deeds'.
[JER.32.20] That you placed signs and miracles in the land of Egypt up to this day, and in Israel and among people, and you made for yourself a name as this day. [§]
asher samta otot u-moftim be'aretz Mitzrayim ad hayom hazeh u-veYisrael u-va'adam ve'ta'ase lecha shem ka-yom hazeh.
'asher' means 'that/which', 'samta' means 'you placed', 'otot' means 'signs', 'u-' means 'and', 'moftim' means 'miracles' or 'wonders', 'be'aretz' means 'in the land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'ad' means 'until', 'hayom' means 'the day', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'u-veYisrael' means 'and in Israel', 'u-va'adam' means 'and among man/people', 've'ta'ase' means 'and you made', 'lecha' means 'for yourself', 'shem' means 'a name', 'ka-yom' means 'as the day', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.32.21] And you will bring out your people Israel from the land of Egypt in signs and in wonders and with a strong hand and with an outstretched arm and with great terror. [§]
vattotse et ammekha et israel mei eretz mi tzrayim beotot uvmofatim uvyad khazakah uveezroa netuyah uvmora gadol
'vattotse' means 'and you will bring out', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'ammekha' means 'your people', 'israel' is the name Israel, 'mei' means 'from', 'eretz' means 'land', 'mi tzrayim' means 'of Egypt', 'beotot' means 'in signs', 'uvmofatim' means 'and in wonders', 'uvyad' means 'and with hand', 'khazakah' means 'strong', 'uveezroa' means 'and with arm', 'netuyah' means 'outstretched', 'uvmora' means 'and with terror', 'gadol' means 'great'.
[JER.32.22] And she gave them this land which she swore to their fathers to give them, a land flowing with milk and honey. [§]
Vattiten lahem et-ha'aretz hazot asher-nishbata la'avotam latet lahem eretz zabat chalav udevash.
'Vattiten' means 'and she gave', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'ha'aretz' means 'the land', 'hazot' means 'this', 'asher' means 'which', 'nishbata' means 'you swore' (feminine singular), 'la'avotam' means 'to their fathers', 'latet' means 'to give', 'lahem' again means 'to them', 'eretz' means 'land', 'zabat' means 'flowing', 'chalav' means 'milk', 'udevash' means 'and honey'.
[JER.32.23] And they came and inherited it, but they did not hear your voice and did not walk in your statutes; they did not do all that you commanded them to do. And she called them all the evil of this. [§]
Vayavo vayirshu otah velo shamu bekolekha uvetoratekha lo halachu et kol asher tzivita lahem laasot lo asu vatikre otam et kol haraah hazot.
'Vayavo' means 'and they came', 'vayirshu' means 'and they inherited', 'otah' means 'her/it', 'velo' means 'and not', 'shamu' means 'they heard', 'bekolekha' means 'in your voice', 'uvetoratekha' means 'and in your statutes', 'lo' means 'not', 'halachu' means 'they walked', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'asher' means 'that which', 'tzivita' means 'you commanded', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'laasot' means 'to do', 'lo' means 'not', 'asu' means 'they did', 'vatikre' means 'and she called', 'otam' means 'them', 'et' is the direct object marker again, 'kol' means 'all', 'haraah' means 'the evil', 'hazot' means 'this'.
[JER.32.24] Behold the slaughterers have come to the city to capture it, and the city is given into the hand of the Chaldeans who fight against it because of the sword, famine, and pestilence; and what you have spoken has become, and behold you see. [§]
Hineh hasollot ba'u ha'ir le-lakhda veha'ir nittnah be-yad hakassedim ha-nilchamim alaha mipenei hacherev ve-hara'av ve-hadaver va'asher dibarta hayah ve-hinecha ro'eh.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'hasollot' means 'the slaughterers', 'ba'u' means 'have come', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'le-lakhda' means 'to capture it', 'veha'ir' means 'and the city', 'nittnah' means 'is given', 'be-yad' means 'into the hand of', 'hakassedim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'ha-nilchamim' means 'who fight', 'alaha' means 'against it', 'mipenei' means 'because of', 'hacherev' means 'the sword', 've-hara'av' means 'and famine', 've-hadaver' means 'and pestilence', 'va'asher' means 'and what', 'dibarta' means 'you have spoken', 'hayah' means 'has become', 've-hinecha' means 'and behold you', 'ro'eh' means 'see'.
[JER.32.25] And you said to me, 'My Lord Yahveh, buy for yourself the field with silver, and the witness and witnesses, and the city shall be given into the hand of the Chaldeans.' [§]
veatta amarta elai Adonai Yahveh kneh lecha hasade bakeseph vehaed edim vehair nittena be yad hakasdim.
'veatta' means 'and you', 'amarta' means 'said', 'elai' means 'to me', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'kneh' means 'buy', 'lecha' means 'for yourself', 'hasade' means 'the field', 'bakeseph' means 'with silver', 'vehaed' means 'and the witness', 'edim' means 'witnesses', 'vehair' means 'and the city', 'nittena' means 'will be given', 'be yad' means 'into the hand of', 'hakasdim' means 'the Chaldeans'.
[JER.32.26] And the word of Yahveh came to Jeremiah, saying. [§]
Vayehi devar Yahveh el Yirmeyahu le'emor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it came to pass', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'el' means 'to' or 'toward', 'Yirmeyahu' is the proper name 'Jeremiah', and 'le'emor' means 'saying' or 'to say'.
[JER.32.27] Behold, I am Yahveh, God of all flesh; who among me will marvel at every thing. [§]
Hinneh Ani Yahveh Elohei kol-basar ha-mimeni yifale kol-davar.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold', 'Ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Elohei' means 'God of' (Elohim in the construct form), 'kol-basar' means 'all flesh', 'ha-mimeni' means 'who among me' (literally 'the from me'), 'yifale' means 'will marvel' or 'will be amazed', 'kol-davar' means 'every thing' or 'all things'.
[JER.32.28] Therefore thus says Yahveh, Behold, I am giving this city into the hands of the Chaldeans and into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and it will be taken. [§]
Lakhen koh amar Yahveh, hinei ani noten et ha'ir hazot be'yad ha'kasdim u've'yad Nebuchadrezar melech Bavel ul'kada.
'Lakhen' means 'Therefore', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hinei' means 'Behold', 'ani' means 'I', 'noten' means 'am giving' or 'will deliver', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'be'yad' means 'into the hand of', 'ha'kasdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'u've'yad' means 'and into the hand of', 'Nebuchadrezar' is the personal name Nebuchadnezzar, 'melech' means 'king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', and 'ul'kada' means 'and it will be captured'.
[JER.32.29] And the Chaldeans who were fighting came against this city and they set this city on fire and burned it, and the houses that they had cut on their roofs for Baal, and they turned altars to other Gods for the purpose of angering me. [§]
Uva'u hakashdim hanilchamim al ha'ir hazot ve'hittzitu et ha'ir hazot ba'esh u'serafuhu ve'et habatim asher kitru al gagotehem labaal ve'hissihu nesachim leElohim acharim lema'an hak'aseniy.
'Uva'u' means 'they came', 'hakashdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'hanilchamim' means 'who were fighting', 'al ha'ir hazot' means 'against this city', 've'hittzitu' means 'and they set on fire', 'et ha'ir hazot' means 'this city', 'ba'esh' means 'with fire', 'u'serafuhu' means 'and they burned it', 've'et habatim' means 'and the houses', 'asher' means 'that', 'kitru' means 'they cut', 'al gagotehem' means 'on their roofs', 'labaal' means 'for Baal', 've'hissihu' means 'and they turned', 'nesachim' means 'altars', 'leElohim' means 'to the Gods' (Elohim = the Gods), 'acharith' means 'other', 'lema'an' means 'for the purpose of', 'hak'aseniy' means 'to anger me'.
[JER.32.30] For the children of Israel and the children of Judah only do evil in my eyes from their youth; for the children of Israel only provoke me with the work of their hands, says Yahveh. [§]
ki-hayu b'nei Yisrael u'v'nei Yehudah akh osim ha-ra be'eyna min'ne'urot ehem ki b'nei Yisrael akh makasim oti b'ma'aseh yadeihem ne'um Yahveh.
'ki' means 'for', 'hayu' means 'were/is', 'b'nei' means 'the children of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'u'v'nei' means 'and the children of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'akh' means 'only', 'osim' means 'do', 'ha-ra' means 'evil', 'be'eyna' means 'in my eye(s)', 'min'ne'urot' means 'from their youth', 'ehem' means 'their', 'makasim' means 'provoke' or 'annoy', 'oti' means 'me', 'b'ma'aseh' means 'in the work', 'yadeihem' means 'of their hands', 'ne'um' means 'says', and 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.32.31] Because of my anger and my wrath this city has been to me since the day they built it, and even now it has not been removed from before my face. [§]
ki al-afi ve'al-chamati hayetah li ha'ir hazot le-min ha-yom asher banu otah ve'ad ha-yom hazeh lahasirah me'al panai.
'ki' means 'because', 'al-afi' means 'upon my anger', 've'al-chamati' means 'and upon my wrath', 'hayetah' means 'was', 'li' means 'to me', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'le-min ha-yom' means 'since the day', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'banu' means 'they built', 'otah' means 'it', 've'ad' means 'and until', 'ha-yom hazeh' means 'this day', 'lahasisrah' means 'to remove it', 'me'al' means 'from upon', 'panai' means 'my face'.
[JER.32.32] Upon all the wickedness of the sons of Israel and the sons of Judah that they have done to anger me, they are their kings, their princes, their priests, and their prophets, and a man of Judah and those who dwell in Jerusalem. [§]
al kol-raat banei yisrael uvanei yehudah asher asu lehekaseini hem malkehem sarehem kohanehem uneviyehem veish yehudah veyoshvei yerushalaim.
'al' means 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'raat' means 'evil' or 'wickedness', 'banei' means 'sons of', 'yisrael' means 'Israel', 'uvanei' means 'and the sons of', 'yehudah' means 'Judah', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'asu' means 'they did', 'lehekaseini' means 'to provoke me' or 'to anger me', 'hem' means 'they', 'malkehem' means 'their kings', 'sarehem' means 'their princes', 'kohanehem' means 'their priests', 'uneviyehem' means 'their prophets', 'veish' means 'and a man', 'yehudah' again means 'of Judah', 'veyoshvei' means 'and those who dwell', 'yerushalaim' means 'Jerusalem'.
[JER.32.33] And they turned to me obstinately, without regard, and taught them the wise, and taught, but they are not listening to receive discipline. [§]
Vayifnu elai oref ve'lo panim ve'lamed otam hashkém ve'lamed ve'einam shom'im la'kachat musar.
'Vayifnu' means 'and they turned', 'elai' means 'to me', 'oref' means 'stubborn or obstinate', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'panim' means 'faces' (here used idiomatically for 'countenance' or 'favor'), 've'lamed' means 'and (they) teach', 'otam' means 'them', 'hashkém' means 'the wise' or 'the prudent', the second 've'lamed' repeats 'and teach', 've'einam' means 'and they are not', 'shom'im' means 'listening', 'la'kachat' means 'to take' or 'to receive', 'musar' means 'discipline' or 'instruction'. The verse therefore speaks of people who turn toward the speaker with stubbornness and without regard, being taught wisdom yet remaining unlistening to corrective instruction.
[JER.32.34] And they placed their defilements in the house which is called My name, upon it, to defile it. [§]
Vayasisimu shikkutzeyhem babbayit asher nikra shmi alav letammeo.
'Vayasisimu' means 'and they placed', 'shikkutzeyhem' means 'their defilements' or 'their impurities', 'babbayit' means 'in the house', 'asher' means 'which' or 'that', 'nikra' means 'is called', 'shmi' means 'my name', 'alav' means 'upon it' or 'on it', 'letammeo' means 'to defile it'.
[JER.32.35] And they built the altars of Baal that were in the valley of Ben-Hinom to lead away their sons and their daughters to the king, whom they had not commanded, and it was not in my heart to do this abomination, for the purpose of the sin against Judah. [§]
Vayivnu et-bamot habbaal asher begei ben-hinom leha'avir et-beneihem veet-benotehem lamolekh asher lo-tzivitim velo alta al-libbi laasot hatoveah hazot lemaana hachati et-Yehudah.
"Vayivnu" means "and they built"; "et-bamot" means "the high places/altars"; "habbaal" means "of Baal" (Baal is a deity name, left as Baal); "asher" means "that/which"; "begei" means "in the valley"; "ben-hinom" is a proper place name "Ben-Hinom"; "leha'avir" means "to lead away/transfer"; "et-beneihem" means "their sons"; "veet-benotehem" means "and their daughters"; "lamolekh" means "to the king"; "asher" again means "who/that"; "lo-tzivitim" means "did not command them"; "velo alta al-libbi" means "and it was not in my heart/I was not inclined"; "laasot" means "to do"; "hatoveah" means "the abomination"; "hazot" means "this"; "lemaana" means "for the purpose of"; "hachati" means "the sin"; "et-Yehudah" means "against Judah" (Yehudah is the name Judah).
[JER.32.36] Now therefore thus said Yahveh, the Gods of Israel, to this city which you are saying, we will give it into the hand of the king of Babylon by the sword, by famine, and by pestilence. [§]
Ve'atah lakhen ko amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael el ha'ir hazot asher atem omrim nittena b'yad melech-bavel ba-herev u-varav u-vadaver.
'Ve'atah' means 'now', 'lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko amar' means 'thus said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohei' means 'the Gods' (plural form of Elohim), 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'el' means 'to', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'asher' means 'which/that', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'omrim' means 'are saying', 'nittena' means 'we will give' or 'we will hand over', 'b'yad' means 'into the hand of', 'melech-bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'ba-herev' means 'by the sword', 'u-varav' means 'and by famine', 'u-vadaver' means 'and by pestilence'.
[JER.32.37] Behold I am here, I will gather them from all the lands that I have driven them away from there in my anger and in my wrath and with great indignation, and I will bring them back to this place and I will settle them securely. [§]
Hineni mekabetzam mikol ha-aretzot asher hidachtim sham beapi ubaḥamati uveqetzef gadol vehashivotihem el-hamakom hazeh vehosavtim laveṭaḥ.
'Hineni' means 'Behold I am here', 'mekabetzam' means 'I will gather them', 'mikol' means 'from all', 'ha-aretzot' means 'the lands', 'asher' means 'that', 'hidachtim' means 'I have driven them', 'sham' means 'there', 'beapi' means 'in my anger', 'ubaḥamati' means 'and in my wrath', 'uveqetzef' means 'and with great indignation', 'gadol' means 'great', 'vehashivotihem' means 'and I will bring them back', 'el-hamakom' means 'to the place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'vehosavtim' means 'and I will settle them', 'laveṭaḥ' means 'securely' or 'in safety'.
[JER.32.38] and they shall be my people, and I will be to them the Gods. [§]
ve-hayu li leam va-ani eheyyeh lahem leElohim.
've-hayu' means 'and they will be', 'li' means 'to me' or 'my', 'leam' means 'as a people', 'va-ani' means 'and I', 'eheyyeh' means 'will be', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'leElohim' means 'to the Gods' (with Elohim rendered as 'the Gods').
[JER.32.39] I will give them one heart and one way to fear me all the days, for good to them and to their children after them. [§]
ve-natati lahem lev echad ve-derekh echad le-yirah oti kol ha-yamim le-tov lahem ve-livnehem acharayhem.
've-natati' means 'I will give', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'lev' means 'heart', 'echad' means 'one', 've-derekh' means 'and way', 'echad' again means 'one', 'le-yirah' means 'to fear', 'oti' means 'me', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-yamim' means 'the days', 'le-tov' means 'for good', 'lahem' means 'to them', 've-livnehem' means 'and to their children', 'achar ayhem' means 'after them'.
[JER.32.40] And I will make to them an everlasting covenant that I will not turn back after them to do good to them, and I will give my fear in their hearts so that they may not turn away from me. [§]
vecharati lahem berit olam asher lo-ashuv me'achareihem leheitivi otam ve'et-yir'ati eten bilvavam levilti sur me'alai.
'vecharati' means 'and I will make a covenant', 'lahem' means 'with them', 'berit olam' means 'everlasting covenant', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo-ashuv' means 'I will not turn back', 'me'achareihem' means 'after them', 'leheitivi' means 'to do good to', 'otam' means 'them', 've'et-yir'ati' means 'and I will place my fear (reverence)', 'eten' means 'I will give', 'bilvavam' means 'in their heart', 'levilti sur' means 'so that they do not turn away', 'me'alai' means 'from me'. No divine name appears in this verse, so no special translation of a name is required.
[JER.32.41] And I will rejoice over them to do good to them and I will plant them in this land in truth with all my heart and with all my soul. [§]
V'saseti aleihem lehetiv otam u'natatiym ba'aretz hazot be'emet bechol-levi u'vechol-nafshi.
'V'saseti' means 'and I will rejoice', 'aliehem' means 'over them', 'lehetiv' means 'to do good', 'otam' means 'to them', 'u'natatiym' means 'and I will plant them', 'ba'aretz' means 'in the land', 'hazot' means 'this', 'be'emet' means 'in truth', 'bechol-levi' means 'with all my heart', 'u'vechol-nafshi' means 'and with all my soul'.
[JER.32.42] For thus says Yahveh: As I have brought upon this people all the great evil, so I will bring upon them all the good which I proclaim concerning them. [§]
Ki ko amar Yahveh ka'asher heveti el ha'am hazeh et kol hare'ah hag'dolah hazot ken anochi mevi aleihem et kol hatova asher anochi dove'r aleihem.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, meaning the personal name of God, 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'heveti' means 'I have brought', 'el' means 'to', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'hare'ah' means 'the evil', 'hag'dolah' means 'the great', 'hazot' means 'this', 'ken' means 'so', 'anochi' means 'I', 'mevi' means 'will bring', 'aleihem' means 'upon them', 'hatova' means 'the good', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'dove'r' means 'I speak' or 'declare', 'aleihem' again means 'upon them'.
[JER.32.43] And the field in this land that you say is desolate, where there is no man nor beast, shall be given into the hand of the Chaldeans. [§]
Ve-nikna ha-sadeh ba-aretz ha-zot asher atem omrim shemamah hi me-ein adam uvehemah nittnah be-yad ha-khasdim.
'Ve-nikna' means 'and the field shall be bought/possessed', 'ha-sadeh' means 'the field', 'ba-aretz' means 'in the land', 'ha-zot' means 'this', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'omrim' means 'are saying', 'shemamah' means 'desolate', 'hi' means 'it is', 'me-ein' means 'from where there is no', 'adam' means 'man', 'uvehemah' means 'and beast', 'nittnah' means 'shall be given', 'be-yad' means 'into the hand of', 'ha-khasdim' means 'the Chaldeans'.
[JER.32.44] Fields will be bought with silver, and written in a book and sealed, and the witness witnesses in the land of Benjamin and around Jerusalem and in the cities of Judah and in the cities of the mountain and in the cities of the lowland and in the cities of the south, for I will bring back their captivity, declares Yahveh. [§]
Sadot baKessef yiknu vechtov baSefer vechatom vehha'ed edim be'eretz Binyaman uvisvibe Yerushalayim uve'arei Yehudah uve'arei HaHar uve'arei HaShpela uve'arei HaNegev ki-ashiv et-shevutam ne'um-Yahveh.
'Sadot' means 'fields'; 'baKessef' means 'with silver'; 'yiknu' means 'they will buy'; 'vechtov' means 'and [it will be] written'; 'baSefer' means 'in a book'; 'vechatom' means 'and sealed'; 'vehha'ed' means 'and the witness'; 'edim' means 'witnesses'; 'be'eretz' means 'in the land'; 'Binyaman' means 'of Benjamin'; 'uvisvibe' means 'and around'; 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem'; 'uve'arei' means 'and in the cities of'; 'Yehudah' means 'Judah'; 'HaHar' means 'the mountain'; 'HaShpela' means 'the lowland'; 'HaNegev' means 'the south'; 'ki-ashiv' means 'for I will bring back'; 'et-shevutam' means 'their captivity'; 'ne'um' means 'declares'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH.
JER.33
[JER.33.1] And the word of Yahveh came to Jeremiah a second time, and he was still bound in the courtyard of the watchtower, to say: [§]
Vayehi devar Yahveh el Yirmeyahu shenit vehu odennu atzur bachatzar hamatara lemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'shenit' means 'second', 'vehu' means 'and he', 'odennu' means 'still', 'atzur' means 'bound' or 'restrained', 'bachatzar' means 'in the courtyard', 'hamatara' means 'of the watchtower' or 'of the guard', 'lemor' means 'to say'.
[JER.33.2] Thus says Yahveh, maker of it; Yahveh, creator of it for its preparation; Yahveh his name. [§]
Koh-amar Yahveh o'sah Yahveh yotser otah lahakinah Yahveh shemo.
'Koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'o'sah' means 'makes it' or 'who made it', 'yotser' means 'creates', 'otah' means 'it' (feminine object), 'lahakinah' means 'for its preparation' (la- = for, hakinah = preparation), and 'shemo' means 'his name'. The verse repeats 'Yahveh' to emphasize the divine source of creation and purpose.
[JER.33.3] Call to me and I will answer you, and I will tell you great things and wonders that you do not know. [§]
Qera elai ve'ena'cha ve'agida lecha gedolot uvtzurot lo yedatam.
'Qera' means 'call', 'elai' means 'to me', 've'ena'cha' means 'and I will answer you', 've'agida' means 'and I will tell', 'lecha' means 'to you', 'gedolot' means 'great things', 'uvtzurot' means 'and wonders', 'lo' means 'not', 'yedatam' means 'you will know them' (negated).
[JER.33.4] For thus says Yahveh the Gods of Israel concerning the houses of this city and concerning the houses of the kings of Judah the fugitives to the shattered ones and to the sword. [§]
Ki ko amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael al-batei ha'ir hazot ve'al-batei malkei Yehudah hanetutzim el-hasollelot ve'el-hecharev.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH as instructed, 'Elohei' means 'the Gods of' (the plural form of El), 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'al' means 'concerning' or 'upon', 'batei' means 'houses of', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 've'al' means 'and concerning', 'malkei' means 'kings of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'hanetutzim' is a participle meaning 'the fugitives' or 'the exiles', 'el' means 'to', 'hasollelot' means 'the shattered ones' or 'the broken', 've'el' means 'and to', 'hecharev' means 'the sword'.
[JER.33.5] They come to fight the Chaldeans and to slay the flesh of man that I have struck with my anger and my wrath, and that I have hidden my face from this city because of all their evil. [§]
Baim lehilachem et hakasdim ulemalaam et pigrei haadam asher hichiti beapi uvechamati veasher histarti fanai mehair hazot al kol raatam.
'Baim' means 'they come', 'lehilachem' means 'to fight', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'hakasdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'ulemaam' means 'and to slay', 'pigrei' means 'the flesh', 'haadam' means 'of man', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'hichiti' means 'I struck', 'beapi' means 'with my anger', 'uvechamati' means 'and with my wrath', 'veasher' means 'and that', 'histarti' means 'I have hidden', 'fanai' means 'my face', 'mehair' means 'from this city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'al' means 'because of', 'kol' means 'all', 'raatam' means 'their evil'.
[JER.33.6] Behold, I will raise up for her a length and a healer and healings, and I will uncover for them a veil of peace and truth. [§]
Hineni ma'aleh-la arukah u-marphe u-rep'atim ve-gilti lahem eteret shalom ve'emet.
'Hineni' means 'Behold, I am here', 'ma'aleh-la' means 'I will raise up for her', 'arukah' means 'length' or 'longness', 'u-marphe' means 'and a healer', 'u-rep'atim' means 'and healings', 've-gilti' means 'and I will uncover', 'lahem' means 'for them', 'eteret' means 'a veil', 'shalom' means 'peace', 've'emet' means 'and truth'.
[JER.33.7] And I have restored the captivity of Judah and the captivity of Israel, and the people are as before. [§]
vahasheboti et shevut Yehudah ve et shevut Yisrael uvenitim kevarishonah.
'vahasheboti' means 'and I have turned back' or 'and I have restored'; 'et' is a direct object marker and is not rendered in English; 'shevut' means 'captivity' or 'exile'; 'Yehudah' means 'Judah'; 've' means 'and'; the second 'et' is another direct object marker; 'shevut Yisrael' means 'the captivity of Israel'; 'uvenitim' means 'and the children' or 'the people'; 'kevarishonah' means 'as before' or 'like earlier'.
[JER.33.8] And I will purify them from all their sins which they have sinned against me, and I will forgive all their iniquities which they have sinned against me and which they have transgressed against me. [§]
ve-tihartim mikol avonam asher chat'u li ve-salachti lekhol avonoteihem asher chat'u li va-asher pashe'u bi.
've-' means 'and', 'tihartim' means 'I will purify them', 'mikol' means 'from all', 'avonam' means 'their sins', 'asher' means 'that/which', "chat'u" means 'they sinned', 'li' means 'against me', 've-salachti' means 'and I will forgive', 'lekhol' means 'all', 'avonoteihem' means 'their iniquities', 'va-asher' means 'and that which', "pashe'u" means 'they have transgressed', 'bi' means 'against me'.
[JER.33.9] And it will be for me a name of joy for praise and for splendor to all the nations of the earth that will hear all the good that I am doing to them, and they will fear and be terrified over all the good and over all the peace that I am doing for it. [§]
vehayetah li leshem sasun lit'halah uletifaret lekhol goyey haaretz asher yishmeu et kol hatova asher anochi oseh otam ufachadu ve ragzu al kol hatova ve al kol hashalom asher anochi oseh lah.
've' means 'and', 'hayetah' means 'will be', 'li' means 'to me', 'leshem' means 'for the name of', 'sasun' means 'joy', 'lit'halah' means 'for praise', 'uletifaret' means 'for splendor', 'lekhol' means 'to all', 'goyey' means 'nations', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'yishmeu' means 'will hear', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'hatova' means 'the good thing', 'anochi' means 'I', 'oseh' means 'am doing/make', 'otam' means 'them', 'ufachadu' means 'and they will fear', 've' means 'and', 'ragzu' means 'will be terrified', 'al' means 'over', 'hashalom' means 'the peace', 'lah' means 'for her/it'.
[JER.33.10] Thus says Yahveh, again it will be heard in this place that which you are saying: the sword is there without man and without beast; in the cities of Judah and in the districts of Jerusalem the souls are without man and without dweller and without beast. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh od yishma bamacom-hazeh asher atem omrim charav hu me'ein adam u'me'ein behema bearei Yehudah u'vechutsot Yerushalayim haneshamot me'ein adam u'me'ein yoshev u'me'ein behema.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH and is rendered as 'Yahveh', 'od' means 'again', 'yishma' means 'will be heard', 'bamacom-hazeh' means 'in this place', 'asher' means 'that which', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'omrim' means 'are saying', 'charav' means 'sword', 'hu' means 'it', 'me'ein' means 'without' or 'from no', 'adam' means 'man', 'u'' is the conjunction 'and', 'behema' means 'beast', 'bearei' means 'in the cities of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'u'vechutsot' means 'and in the districts of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'haneshamot' means 'the souls', 'yoshev' means 'dweller' or 'one who sits'.
[JER.33.11] Sound of joy and sound of gladness, sound of the bridegroom and sound of the bride, sound of those saying 'Give thanks to Yahveh of hosts, for Yahveh is good, for his loving‑kindness is forever.' They bring thanksgiving to the house of Yahveh, for I will restore the captivity of the land, as first said Yahveh. [§]
kol sason ve kol simcha kol hatan ve kol kalah kol omrim hodu et Yahveh tzevaot ki tov Yahveh ki leolam chasdo meviim toda beit Yahveh ki ashiv et shavut haaretz kvar rishonah amar Yahveh.
'kol' means 'sound' or 'voice', 'sason' means 'joy', 've' means 'and', 'simcha' means 'gladness', 'hatan' means 'bridegroom', 'kalah' means 'bride', 'omrim' means 'they say', 'hodu' means 'give thanks', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts' or 'armies', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'tov' means 'good', 'leolam' means 'forever', 'chasdo' means 'his loving‑kindness', 'meviim' means 'they bring', 'toda' means 'thanksgiving', 'beit' means 'house', 'ashiv' means 'I will bring back' or 'I will restore', 'shavut' means 'captivity', 'haaretz' means 'the land', 'kvar' means 'already', 'rishonah' means 'the first', 'amar' means 'said'.
[JER.33.12] Thus says Yahveh of hosts: Still there will be in this place a desolate land without man and even beasts, and in all its towns a shepherds' pasture where flocks lie down. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot od yihyeh ba-makom hazeh hecharav me-ein adam ve'ad behemah uvekhol arav nuveh ro'im marbitsim tzon.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'od' means 'still' or 'again', 'yihyeh' means 'will be', 'ba-makom' means 'in the place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'hecharav' means 'desolate', 'me-ein' means 'without', 'adam' means 'man', 've'ad' means 'and up to' or 'even', 'behemah' means 'beast' or 'animal', 'uvekhol' means 'and in all', 'arav' means 'its towns', 'nuveh' means 'pasture' or 'fold', 'ro'im' means 'shepherds', 'marbitsim' means 'who lie down', 'tzon' means 'flock' or 'sheep'.
[JER.33.13] In the cities of the mountain, in the cities of the lowland, and in the cities of the Negev, and in the land of Benjamin, and around Jerusalem, and in the cities of Judah, still the flock will pass by the hand of Moneh, says Yahveh. [§]
be'arei ha-har be'arei ha-shpela uve'arei ha-negev uve'eretz binyaman uvisvivay Yerushalayim uve'arei Yehudah od ta'avornu ha-tson al-yedei Moneh amar Yahveh.
'be'arei' means 'in the cities of', 'ha-har' means 'the mountain', 'ha-shpela' means 'the lowland', 'uve'arei' means 'and in the cities of', 'ha-negev' means 'the Negev', 'uve'eretz' means 'and in the land', 'binyaman' means 'of Benjamin', 'uvisvivay' means 'and around', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'od' means 'still' or 'yet', 'ta'avornu' means 'will pass', 'ha-tson' means 'the flock', 'al-yedei' means 'by the hand of', 'Moneh' is a proper name, 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.33.14] Behold, days are coming, says Yahveh, and I will establish the good thing which I have spoken to the house of Israel and to the house of Judah. [§]
Hinneh yamim ba'im ne'um Yahveh vahaqomoti et ha-davar ha-tov asher dibarti el beit Yisrael ve'al beit Yehudah.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold', 'yamim ba'im' means 'days are coming', 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'vahaqomoti' means 'and I will establish', 'et ha-davar ha-tov' means 'the good thing', 'asher dibarti' means 'that I have spoken', 'el beit Yisrael' means 'to the house of Israel', 've'al beit Yehudah' means 'and to the house of Judah'.
[JER.33.15] In those days and at that time I will cause a sprout of righteousness for David, and (he) will make judgment and righteousness in the land. [§]
Babayamim hahem uva'et hahi atzmich leDavid tzemach tzedakah ve'asa mishpat u'tzedakah baaretz.
'Babayamim' means 'in the days'; 'hahem' means 'those'; 'uva'et' means 'and at the time'; 'hahi' means 'that'; 'atzmich' means 'I will cause to sprout' (from the root meaning 'sprout'); 'leDavid' means 'for David'; 'tzemach' means 'sprout' or 'shoot'; 'tzedakah' means 'righteousness'; 've'asa' means 'and (he) will do' or 'and will make'; 'mishpat' means 'judgment'; 'u'tzedakah' means 'and righteousness'; 'baaretz' means 'in the land'.
[JER.33.16] In those days Judah shall be saved, and Jerusalem shall dwell in security, and this is what Yahveh shall call her our righteousness. [§]
Bamyamim hahem tiwasha Yehudah viYerushalam tishkon lavetach veze ashér yikra lah Yahveh tsidkenu.
'Bamyamim hahem' means 'in those days', 'tiwasha' means 'shall be saved', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'viYerushalam' means 'and Jerusalem', 'tishkon' means 'shall dwell', 'lavetach' means 'in safety' (or 'in security'), 'veze' means 'and this', 'ashér' means 'that which', 'yikra' means 'shall call', 'lah' means 'to her', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, and 'tsidkenu' means 'our righteousness'.
[JER.33.17] For thus says Yahveh: No one shall be cut off from David, a man who sits on the throne of the house of Israel. [§]
kee koh ah-mar yahveh loh yee-kah-ret leh-dah-weed eesh yo-shev ahl kee-say bayt yis-rah-el.
'kee' means 'for/because', 'koh' means 'thus/so', 'ah-mar' means 'said', 'yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'loh' means 'not', 'yee-kah-ret' means 'shall be cut off', 'leh-dah-weed' means 'to David', 'eesh' means 'man', 'yo-shev' means 'who sits', 'ahl' means 'on', 'kee-say' means 'throne', 'bayt' means 'house', 'yis-rah-el' means 'Israel'.
[JER.33.18] And to the priests and the Levites no one shall be cut off before me who offers a burnt offering and a grain offering and does a sacrifice all the days. [§]
Ve la-kohaním halviím lo yikaret ish milfanai maaleh olah u maktir mincha veoseh zevach kol hayamim.
Ve means and, la-kohaním means to the priests, halviím means the Levites, lo means not, yikaret means shall be cut off, ish means anyone, milfanai means before me, maaleh means who offers, olah means a burnt offering, u means and, maktir means who presents, mincha means a grain offering, veoseh means and does, zevach means a sacrifice, kol means all, hayamim means the days.
[JER.33.19] And it came to pass that the word of Yahveh came to Jeremiah, saying. [§]
Vayehi devar-Yahveh el Yirmeyahu lemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it came to pass', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmeyahu' is the proper name Jeremiah, 'lemor' means 'saying' or 'to say'.
[JER.33.20] Thus says Yahveh: if you break my covenant today and my covenant night, and there is no day and night in their appointed times. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh im taferu et briti hayom ve et briti halaila ulevilti heyot yomam va layla be itam.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'im' means 'if', 'taferu' means 'you break', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'briti' means 'my covenant', 'hayom' means 'today', 've' means 'and', 'halaila' means 'the night', 'uleviltI' means 'and without', 'heyot' means 'being', 'yomam' means 'day', 'va layla' means 'and night', 'be itam' means 'in their appointed times'.
[JER.33.21] Even my covenant will tear David, my servant, that he may become his son‑king on his throne, and I served the Levites and the priests. [§]
gam beriti tufar et david avdi mihyot lo ben molekh al kiseo ve et halevim hakohanim masharti.
'gam' means 'also' or 'even'; 'beriti' means 'my covenant'; 'tufar' means 'will cut' or 'tear'; 'et' is the direct‑object marker; 'david' is the proper name David; 'avdi' means 'my servant'; 'mihyot' means 'to become' and 'lo' means 'his'; 'ben' means 'son'; 'molekh' means 'king'; 'al' means 'on' or 'upon'; 'kiseo' means 'his throne'; 've' means 'and'; 'et' again the direct‑object marker; 'halevim' means 'the Levites'; 'hakohanim' means 'the priests'; 'masharti' means 'I served'.
[JER.33.22] Just as the host of heaven cannot be counted, and the sand of the sea cannot be measured, so I will multiply the seed of David my servant and the Levites who serve me. [§]
Asher lo yisaper tzva ha-shamayim ve-lo yimmad chol ha-yam ken arbeh et-zera David avdi ve-et ha-leviyyim mesharthei oti.
'Asher' means 'who' or 'that which', 'lo' means 'not', 'yisaper' means 'will be counted', 'tzva' means 'host' (of), 'ha-shamayim' means 'the heavens', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yimmad' means 'will endure' or 'will be measured', 'chol' means 'sand', 'ha-yam' means 'the sea', 'ken' means 'thus' or 'so', 'arbeh' means 'I will multiply', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'zera' means 'seed' or 'offspring', 'David' is the proper name David, 'avdi' means 'my servant', 've-et' means 'and', 'ha-leviyyim' means 'the Levites', 'mesharthei' means 'who serve', 'oti' means 'me'.
[JER.33.23] And it was the word of Yahveh to Jeremiah, saying. [§]
Vayehi dvar Yahveh el Yirmeyahu leemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was' or 'and it happened', 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el' means 'to' or 'unto', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, and 'leemor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.33.24] Did you not see what this people have spoken, saying: the two families that Yahveh chose among them and cut them off, and my people will be saved from becoming another nation before them. [§]
Haloo ra'ita mah ha'am haze dibru le'emor shtei ha-mishpachot asher bachar Yahveh bahem vayimosem ve-et ammi yina'atsun miheye od goy lifneihem.
'Haloo' means 'Did you not', 'ra'ita' means 'see', 'mah' means 'what', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'haze' means 'this', 'dibru' means 'they have spoken', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'shtei' means 'two', 'ha-mishpachot' means 'the families', 'asher' means 'that', 'bachar' means 'chose', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'bahem' means 'among them', 'vayimosem' means 'and cut them off', 've-et' means 'and', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'yina'atsun' means 'will be saved', 'miheye' means 'from becoming', 'od' means 'again', 'goy' means 'a nation', 'lifneihem' means 'before them'.
[JER.33.25] Thus says Yahveh, 'If I had not made my covenant day and night, I would not have set the statutes of heaven and earth.' [§]
Ko amar Yahveh im lo beriti yom va-layla chukot shamayim va-aretz lo-samti.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'im' means 'if', 'lo' means 'not', 'beriti' means 'my covenant', 'yom' means 'day', 'va-layla' means 'and night', 'chukot' means 'statutes', 'shamayim' means 'heaven', 'va-aretz' means 'and earth', 'lo-samti' means 'I have not placed' or 'I did not set'.
[JER.33.26] Also the offspring of Jacob and David, my servant, I will be angry, taking from his seed the rulers to the seed of Abraham; they will laugh, and Jacob, for I will bring back their captivity and I will have mercy on them. [§]
gam-zerah yaakov ve-david avdi emas mikachat mizzero moshlim el-zerah avraham yischak ve-yaakov ki-eshuv et-shevutam ve-richamti.
'gam-zerah' means 'also the offspring', 'yaakov' means 'Jacob', 've-david' means 'and David', 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'emas' means 'I will be angry', 'mikachat' means 'taking from', 'mizzero' means 'his seed', 'moshlim' means 'rulers', 'el-zerah' means 'to the seed', 'avraham' means 'Abraham', 'yischak' means 'will laugh', 've-yaakov' means 'and Jacob', 'ki-eshuv' means 'for I will bring back', 'et-shevutam' means 'their captivity', 've-richamti' means 'and I will have mercy on them'.
JER.34
[JER.34.1] The word that was to Jeremiah from Yahveh, and Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and all his army, and all the kingdoms of the earth over which his hand ruled, and all the peoples warring against Jerusalem and against all its cities, saying. [§]
Ha-davar asher-hayah el-Yirmiyahu me'et Yahveh uNebuchadrezar melech-Bavel vechol-cheilo vechol-mamlekhot eretz memshelet yado vechol-ha'amim nilchamim al-Yerushalayim ve'al kol-areiha le'emor.
'Ha-davar' means 'the word', 'asher-hayah' means 'that was', 'el-Yirmiyahu' means 'to Jeremiah', 'me'et' means 'from', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'uNebuchadrezar' means 'and Nebuchadnezzar', 'melech-Bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'vechol-cheilo' means 'and all his army', 'vechol-mamlekhot eretz' means 'and all the kingdoms of the earth', 'memshelet yado' means 'over which his hand ruled', 'vechol-ha'amim' means 'and all the peoples', 'nilchamim' means 'warring', 'al-Yerushalayim' means 'against Jerusalem', 've'al kol-areiha' means 'and against all its cities', 'le'emor' means 'saying'.
[JER.34.2] Thus says Yahveh the Gods of Israel, Go and say to Zedekiah king of Judah, Thus says Yahveh, Behold, I am giving this city into the hand of the king of Babylon, and I will burn it with fire. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael haloch veamarta el Tzidkiyah melach Yehudah veamarta elav koh amar Yahveh hinenni noten et ha ir hazot be yad melach Bavel veserafah baesh.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHVH, 'Elohei' means 'the Gods of' (Elohim = the Gods), 'Yisrael' = 'Israel', 'haloch' = 'go', 'veamarta' = 'and you shall say', 'el' = 'to', 'Tzidkiyah' = 'Zedekiah', 'melach' = 'king', 'Yehudah' = 'Judah', 'elav' = 'to him', 'hinenni' = 'behold I am', 'noten' = 'giving', 'et' = (direct object marker), 'ha ir' = 'the city', 'hazot' = 'this', 'be yad' = 'into the hand of', 'melach Bavel' = 'king of Babylon', 'veserafah' = 'and I will burn it', 'baesh' = 'with fire'.
[JER.34.3] And you will not be saved from his hand, because you will strike and you will be struck, and in his hand you will give, and your eyes will see the eyes of the king of Babylon; his mouth will speak your mouth, and Babylon will come. [§]
ve'atta lo timalesh mi-yado ki tafos titafesh uve'yado tinaten ve'eynekha et-eyney melekh-bavel tir'eina ufi'hu et-pikha yedabber u-bavel tavoa
've'atta' means 'and you', 'lo' means 'not', 'timalesh' means 'will be saved', 'mi-yado' means 'from his hand', 'ki' means 'because', 'tafos' means 'you will strike', 'titafesh' means 'you will be struck', 'uve'yado' means 'and in his hand', 'tinaten' means 'you will give', 've'eynekha' means 'and your eyes', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (no translation), 'eyney' means 'the eyes', 'melekh-bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'tir'eina' means 'will see', 'ufi'hu' means 'and his mouth', 'et-pikha' means 'your mouth', 'yedabber' means 'will speak', 'u-bavel' means 'and Babylon', 'tavoa' means 'will come'.
[JER.34.4] But hear the word of Yahveh, Zedekiah king of Judah: thus says Yahveh concerning you, you shall not die by the sword. [§]
Ach shema devar Yahveh Tzidkiyahu melek Yehudah koh amar Yahveh alayka lo tamut becharav.
'Ach' means 'but', 'shema' means 'listen' or 'hear', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzidkiyahu' means 'Zedekiah' (the name of the king), 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' again the name of God, 'alayka' means 'to you', 'lo' means 'not', 'tamut' means 'you will die', 'becharav' means 'by the sword'.
[JER.34.5] In peace you will die, and as the fire of your fathers, the former kings who were before you, so they will burn you; woe, Lord, they will mourn for you, for I have spoken, declares Yahveh. [§]
B'shalom tamut u'k'misrofot avotekha ha-melakhim ha-rishonim asher-hayu lefanekha ken yisrefu-lakh ve-hoy adon yispe'du-lakh ki-davar ani-dibarti neum Yahveh
'B'shalom' means 'in peace', 'tamut' means 'you will die', 'u'k'misrofot' means 'and like the burning', 'avotekha' means 'of your fathers', 'ha-melakhim' means 'the kings', 'ha-rishonim' means 'the former/first', 'asher-hayu' means 'who were', 'lefanekha' means 'before you', 'ken' means 'so', 'yisrefu-lakh' means 'they will burn you', 've-hoy' means 'and woe', 'adon' means 'Lord', 'yispe'du-lakh' means 'they will mourn for you', 'ki-davar' means 'for a matter', 'ani-dibarti' means 'I have spoken', 'neum' means 'saying', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.34.6] And Jeremiah the prophet spoke to Zedekiah king of Judah all these words in Jerusalem. [§]
Va-yedaber Yirmeyahu ha-navi el-Tzidkiyahu melek Yehudah et kol ha-devarim ha-eleh birushalayim.
"Va-yedaber" means "and he spoke", "Yirmeyahu" is the name Jeremiah, "ha-navi" means "the prophet", "el" means "to", "Tzidkiyahu" is the name Zedekiah, "melek" means "king", "Yehudah" means "Judah", "et" is a direct object marker (no translation), "kol" means "all", "ha-devarim" means "the words", "ha-eleh" means "these", "birushalayim" means "in Jerusalem".
[JER.34.7] And the troops of the king of Babylon fought against Jerusalem and against all the remaining cities of Judah to Lachish and to Azeka because they were left in the cities of Judah, the cities of Mivtzar. [§]
vecheil melek Babel nilchamim al Yerushalayim veal kol arei Yehudah hanotrot el Lachish veel Azeka ki hena nischaru bearei Yehudah arei Mivtzar.
'vecheil' means 'and the troops', 'melek' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'nilchamim' means 'fight' (plural), 'al' means 'against', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'veal' means 'and against', 'kol' means 'all', 'arei' means 'cities of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'hanotrot' means 'the remaining', 'el' means 'to', 'Lachish' is a city name, 'veel' means 'and to', 'Azeka' is a city name, 'ki' means 'because', 'hena' means 'they', 'nischaru' means 'were left', 'bearei' means 'in the cities of', 'Mivtzar' is another city name.
[JER.34.8] The word that was to Jeremiah from Yahveh after the covenant of king Zedekiah with all the people who were in Jerusalem to call them to war. [§]
Ha-davar asher haya el Yirmiyahu me'et Yahveh acharei kerot ha-melekh Tzidkiyahu berit et kol ha-am asher bi Yerushalayim likro lahem deror.
'Ha-davar' means 'the word', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'haya' means 'was', 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmiyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'me'et' means 'from', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'acharei' means 'after', 'kerot' means 'covenant', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Tzidkiyahu' is the name Zedekiah, 'berit' means 'with' (as a covenantal relationship), 'et' is the direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-am' means 'the people', 'asher' means 'who', 'bi Yerushalayim' means 'in Jerusalem', 'likro' means 'to call', 'lahem' means 'them', 'deror' means 'to war'.
[JER.34.9] To send a man his servant and a man his female slave, the Hebrew man and the Hebrew woman free, without a servant among them, among the Jews his brother a man. [§]
Le'shalach ish et avdo ve'ish et shifchato ha'ivri veha'ivriyah chofshim levilti avadbam bi yehudi achihu ish.
'Le'shalach' means 'to send', 'ish' means 'a man', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'avdo' means 'his servant', 've'ish' means 'and a man', 'shifchato' means 'his female slave', 'ha'ivri' means 'the Hebrew (male)', 'veha'ivriyah' means 'and the Hebrew (female)', 'chofshim' means 'free' (plural), 'levilti' means 'without', 'avadbam' means 'a servant among them', 'bi yehudi' means 'in Judah' or 'among the Jews', 'achihu' means 'his brother', and the final 'ish' means 'a man'.
[JER.34.10] And all the princes and all the people who had come to the covenant heard that a man was to send his servant and a man his maidservant as free persons, so that there would be no more slaves among them; and they heard and they sent. [§]
vayishmeu kol-hasarim ve'kol-haam asher-bu ba'brit leshalach ish et-avdo ve'ish et-shifchato chofshim levilti avod-bam od vayishmeu vayeshalechu.
'vayishmeu' means 'and they heard', 'kol' means 'all', 'hasarim' means 'the princes', 've' means 'and', 'haam' means 'the people', 'asher' means 'who', 'bu' means 'came', 'ba'brit' means 'to the covenant', 'leshalach' means 'to send', 'ish' means 'a man', 'et-avdo' means 'his servant', 've' means 'and', 'ish' again 'a man', 'et-shifchato' means 'his maidservant', 'chofshim' means 'as free persons', 'levilti' means 'so that there would be no', 'avod-bam' means 'more slaves among them', 'od' means 'anymore', 'vayishmeu' again 'and they heard', 'vayeshalechu' means 'and they sent'.
[JER.34.11] And after this they turned back and they put back the slaves and the wives that they had released as free, and they forced them back into slavery, both slaves and wives. [§]
Vayashuvu acharei ken vayashivu et haavadim ve'et hashpachot asher shilchu chofshim vayikbeshum la'avodim ve'lishpachot.
'Vayashuvu' means 'they turned back', 'acharei' means 'after', 'ken' means 'this', 'vayashivu' means 'and they restored/put back', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'haavadim' means 'the slaves', 've'et' means 'and', 'hashpachot' means 'the wives/households', 'asher' means 'that', 'shilchu' means 'they released', 'chofshim' means 'as free ones', 'vayikbeshum' means 'and they forced them back into slavery', 'la'avodim' means 'to the slaves', 've'lishpachot' means 'and to the wives'.
[JER.34.12] And the word of Yahveh to Jeremiah from Yahveh, saying: [§]
Vayhee devar Yahveh el Yirmeyahu me'et Yahveh leemor.
'Vayhee' means 'and it was' or 'and it happened', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'el' means 'to' or 'toward', 'Yirmeyahu' is the personal name Jeremiah, 'me'et' means 'from' (literally 'by the hand of'), the second 'Yahveh' again means the divine name, and 'leemor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.34.13] Thus says Yahveh the Gods of Israel: I am the One who made a covenant with your ancestors on the day I brought them out from the land of Egypt from the house of slaves, to say. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael anochi karati brit et-avoteichem be-yom hotsi otam me-eretz Mitzrayim mi-bet avadim le'emor.
'Ko' means 'thus' or 'so'. 'amar' means 'said'. 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH. 'Elohei' is the construct form of Elohim, which is rendered here as 'the Gods' (plural) in relation to Israel, so 'the Gods of Israel'. 'anochi' means 'I'. 'karati' means 'made' or 'established'. 'brit' means 'covenant'. 'et-avoteichem' means 'with your ancestors' (et is a direct‑object marker, avoteichem = your fathers/ancestors). 'be-yom' means 'on the day'. 'hotsi' means 'I brought out' (from hotz, to bring out). 'otam' means 'them'. 'me-eretz Mitzrayim' means 'from the land of Egypt'. 'mi-bet avadim' means 'from the house of slaves'. 'le'emor' means 'to say' (introducing a quotation).
[JER.34.14] At the end of seven years you shall send a man his brother the Hebrew who will be sold to you and your slave for six years and you shall set him free from you, and your fathers did not hear me and they did not turn their ears. [§]
Miketz sheva shanim teshalechu ish et-achiv ha-ivri asher yimacher lecha veavadecha shesh shanim vesilachto chofshi me-immah velo shamu avoteikhem elai velo hitu et-oznam.
'Miketz' means 'at the end', 'sheva' means 'seven', 'shanim' means 'years', 'teshalechu' means 'you shall send', 'ish' means 'a man', 'et-achiv' means 'his brother', 'ha-ivri' means 'the Hebrew', 'asher' means 'who', 'yimacher' means 'will be sold', 'lecha' means 'to you', 'veavadecha' means 'and your slave', 'shesh' means 'six', 'shanim' means 'years', 'vesilachto' means 'and you shall set him free', 'chofshi' means 'free', 'me-immah' means 'from you', 'velo' means 'and not', 'shamu' means 'they heard', 'avoteikhem' means 'your fathers', 'elai' means 'to me', 'velo' means 'and not', 'hitu' means 'they turned', 'et-oznam' means 'their ears'.
[JER.34.15] You have turned today and done what is right in my eyes, to call a man a dror for his neighbor, and you have sealed a covenant before me in the house which is called My Name. [§]
vatašuvu atem hayom vataʿasu et-hayyashar beʿeinai likro dror ish lereʿehu vatikhretu brit lefanai babbayit asher-nikra shemi alav.
'vatašuvu' means 'you have turned', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'hayom' means 'today', 'vataʿasu' means 'and you did', 'et-hayyashar' means 'the right' or 'the just', 'beʿeinai' means 'in my eyes', 'likro' means 'to call', 'dror' means 'a sparrow' or metaphorically 'a free person', 'ish' means 'a man', 'lereʿehu' means 'to his neighbor', 'vatikhretu' means 'and you sealed', 'brit' means 'a covenant', 'lefanai' means 'before me', 'babbayit' means 'in the house', 'asher-nikra' means 'which is called', 'shemi' means 'my name', 'alav' means 'upon it'.
[JER.34.16] And you turned back and profaned my name, and you turned each man his servant and each man his slave, whom you sent free for their lives, and you captured them to become for you servants and slaves. [§]
va-tashuvu va-techalelu et-shemi va-tashivu ish et-avdo ve-ish et-shifchato asher-shilachtem chafshim le-nafsham va-tikveshu otam liheyot lachem la-avdim ve-li-shpachot.
'va-tashuvu' means 'and you turned back', 'va-techalelu' means 'and you profaned', 'et-shemi' means 'my name', 'va-tashivu' means 'and you turned', 'ish' means 'a man', 'et-avdo' means 'his servant', 've-ish' means 'and a man', 'et-shifchato' means 'his slave (female)', 'asher-shilachtem' means 'whom you sent', 'chafshim' means 'free', 'le-nafsham' means 'for their lives', 'va-tikveshu' means 'and you captured', 'otam' means 'them', 'liheyot' means 'to become', 'lachem' means 'for you', 'la-avdim' means 'as servants', 've-li-shpachot' means 'and as slaves'.
[JER.34.17] Therefore thus says Yahveh: You have not listened to me to call a man a brother and a man a fellow. Behold, I am calling you a neighbor, says Yahveh, to the sword, to the pestilence, and to famine, and I will make you a reproach to all the kingdoms of the earth. [§]
Lachen ko amar Yahveh Atem lo shma'tem elai likro d'ror ish le'achiv ve'ish lere'ehhu hineni kore lachem d'ror ne'um Yahveh el hacherev el hadaver ve'el harav ve'natati etchem lezava lechol mamlekhot haaretz.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Atem' means 'you (plural)', 'lo' means 'not', 'shma'tem' means 'you have listened', 'elai' means 'to me', 'likro' means 'to call', 'd'ror' means 'neighbor' (from the root meaning 'to be near'), 'ish' means 'man', 'le'achiv' means 'to his brother', 've'ash' means 'and', 'lere'ehhu' means 'to his fellow', 'hineni' means 'behold', 'kore' means 'I am calling', 'lachem' means 'to you', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'el' means 'to the', 'hacherev' means 'sword', 'hadaver' means 'pestilence', 'harav' means 'famine', 'natati' means 'I will give/make', 'etchem' means 'you', 'lezava' means 'a reproach or disgrace', 'lechol' means 'to all', 'mamlekhot' means 'kingdoms', 'haaretz' means 'the earth'.
[JER.34.18] And I will give the men who cross my flood, who have not established the words of the covenant that they made before me, the young goat that they made for two, and they crossed between its ribs. [§]
ve-natati et ha-anashim ha-ovrim et-b'riti asher lo-hekim et-dibre ha-berit asher kardu le-fani ha-egel asher kardu li-shnayim va-yaavru bein be-tarayav.
've-natati' means 'and I will give', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'ha-anashim' means 'the men', 'ha-ovrim' means 'who cross', 'et-b'riti' means 'my flood' (literally 'the flood of me'), 'asher' means 'who', 'lo-hekim' means 'did not establish', 'et-dibre' means 'the words of', 'ha-berit' means 'the covenant', 'asher kardu' means 'that they made', 'le-fani' means 'before me', 'ha-egel' means 'the young goat', 'asher kardu li-shnayim' means 'that they made for two', 'va-yaavru' means 'and they crossed', 'bein' means 'between', 'be-tarayav' means 'its ribs'.
[JER.34.19] Chiefs of Judah and chiefs of Jerusalem, the courtiers and the priests, and all the people of the land who passed between the two doors of the calf. [§]
Sarei Yehudah ve-sarei Yerushalam ha-sarisim ve-ha-koheanim ve-chol am ha-aretz ha-ovarim bein bitrei ha-egel.
'Sarei' means 'chiefs' or 'leaders', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 've-sarei' means 'and the chiefs', 'Yerushalam' means 'Jerusalem', 'ha-sarisim' means 'the courtiers' or 'the officials', 've-ha-koheanim' means 'and the priests', 've-chol' means 'and all', 'am' means 'people', 'ha-aretz' means 'of the land', 'ha-ovarim' means 'who passed' or 'who went through', 'bein' means 'between', 'bitrei' means 'the two doors/gates', 'ha-egel' means 'of the calf' (a place name referring to a gate or building named after a calf).
[JER.34.20] And I will give them into the hand of their enemies and into the hand of those who seek their life, and their spoil shall become food for the birds of the heavens and for the beasts of the earth. [§]
ve-natati otam be-yad oyvehem u-be-yad mevakeshei nafsham ve-hayetah nivlatam le-maachal le-of ha-shamayim u-le-behemet ha-aretz.
've-natati' means 'and I will give', 'otam' means 'them', 'be-yad' means 'into the hand of', 'oyvehem' means 'their enemies', 'u-be-yad' means 'and into the hand of', 'mevakeshei' means 'those who seek', 'nafsham' means 'their life', 've-hayetah' means 'and it shall become', 'nivlatam' means 'their spoil', 'le-maachal' means 'for food', 'le-of' means 'for the bird', 'ha-shamayim' means 'of the heavens', 'u-le-behemet' means 'and for the beasts', 'ha-aretz' means 'of the earth'.
[JER.34.21] And I will give Zedekiah king of Judah and his princes into the hand of their enemies, and into the hand of those who seek their lives, and into the hand of the force of the king of Babylon, those who rise up from upon you. [§]
ve-et Tzedkiyah melek Yehuda ve-et sarav eten be-yad oyvehem u-be-yad mevakshei nafsham u-be-yad cheil melek Babel haolim me'aleichem.
've-et' means 'and (the direct object marker)', 'Tzedkiyah' means 'Zedekiah', 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehuda' means 'Judah', 've-et' again 'and (the direct object marker)', 'sarav' means 'his princes', 'eten' means 'I will give', 'be-yad' means 'into the hand', 'oyvehem' means 'their enemies', 'u-be-yad' means 'and into the hand', 'mevakshei' means 'those who seek', 'nafsham' means 'their lives', 'u-be-yad' again 'and into the hand', 'cheil' means 'the force', 'melek' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'haolim' means 'the ones who rise up', 'me'aleichem' means 'from upon you'.
[JER.34.22] Behold, I command, says Yahveh, and I will bring them back to this city and they will fight against it and capture it and burn it with fire, and I will make the cities of Judah desolate, without any inhabitant. [§]
Hineni metzaveh ne'um-Yahveh v'hashivotim el-ha'ir hazot v'nilchamu aleha u'lekaduhah u'serafuhah ba'esh v'et-arei Yehudah eten shemamah me'ein yoshev.
'Hineni' means 'Behold' or 'Here I am', 'metzaveh' means 'I command', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'v'hashivotim' means 'and I will bring them back', 'el' means 'to', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'v'nilchamu' means 'and they will fight', 'aleha' means 'against it', 'u'lekaduhah' means 'and capture it', 'u'serafuhah' means 'and burn it', 'ba'esh' means 'with fire', 'v'et-arei' means 'and the cities of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'eten' means 'I will make', 'shemamah' means 'desolate', 'me'ein' means 'without any', 'yoshev' means 'inhabitant' (one who dwells).
JER.35
[JER.35.1] The word that was to Jeremiah from Yahveh in the days of Jehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah saying. [§]
Ha-davar asher-hayah el-Yirmeyahu me'et Yahveh bi-ymei Yehoyakim ben-Yoshiyahu melekh Yehudah le-omer.
'Ha-davar' means 'the word', 'asher' means 'that', 'hayah' means 'was', 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmeyahu' is the Hebrew form of the name Jeremiah, 'me'et' means 'from', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'bi-ymei' means 'in the days of', 'Yehoyakim' is the name Jehoiakim, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Yoshiyahu' is the name Josiah, 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'le-omer' means 'saying'.
[JER.35.2] Going to the house of the chariots and you shall speak to them and bring them to the house Yahveh to one of the shutters and you shall give them wine. [§]
haloch el beit harechavim ve-dibarta otam vaha'viotam beit Yahveh el achat haleshakhot ve-hishkita otam yayin.
'haloch' means 'going'; 'el' means 'to'; 'beit' means 'house'; 'harechavim' means 'the chariots' (plural construct); 've-dibarta' means 'and you shall speak'; 'otam' means 'to them'; 'vaha'viotam' means 'and bring them'; 'beit' means 'house'; 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH; 'el' means 'to'; 'achat' means 'one'; 'haleshakhot' means 'of the shutters' (plural construct); 've-hishkita' means 'and you shall give drink'; 'otam' means 'to them'; 'yayin' means 'wine'.
[JER.35.3] And I took Yaazanya son of Yirmiyahu son of Chavatzinya, and his brothers, and all his sons, and all the house of the horsemen. [§]
Vaekach et-Yaazanya ben-Yirmiyahu ben-Chavatzinya ve'et-echav ve'et-kol-banim ve'et kol-beit harekhavim.
'Vaekach' means 'and I took', 'et' is a direct object marker (not translated), 'Yaazanya' is a personal name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Yirmiyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'ben' again, 'Chavatzinya' is a personal name, 've'et' means 'and (the)', 'echav' means 'his brothers', another 've'et' means 'and', 'kol' means 'all', 'banim' means 'sons', another 've'et' means 'and', 'kol' means 'all', 'beit' means 'house', 'harekhavim' means 'the horsemen'.
[JER.35.4] And I will bring them to the house of Yahveh to the lodging of the sons of Chanun, son of Yigdalyahu, a man of the God, who was beside the lodging of the princes, who from above to the lodging of his deeds, son of Shallum, the guard of the threshold. [§]
va'ava otam beit Yahveh el-lishkat b'nei Chanun ben-Yigdalyahu ish haElohim asher-etzel lishkat hasarim asher mimm'al lelishkat maaseyahu ben-Shallum shomer hasaf.
'va'ava' means 'and I will bring', 'otam' means 'them', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'el-lishkat' means 'to the lodging', 'b'nei' means 'sons of', 'Chanun' is a proper name, 'ben-Yigdalyahu' means 'son of Yigdalyahu', 'ish' means 'man', 'haElohim' means 'the God', 'asher-etzel' means 'who was beside', 'lishkat' means 'the lodging', 'hasarim' means 'the princes', 'asher' means 'who', 'mimm'al' means 'from above', 'lelishkat' means 'to the lodging', 'maaseyahu' means 'of his deeds', 'ben-Shallum' means 'son of Shallum', 'shomer' means 'guard', 'hasaf' means 'the threshold'. The divine name 'haElohim' is rendered as 'the God' and YHVH as 'Yahveh' per the given translation rules.
[JER.35.5] I placed before the sons of the house of the charioteers hills full of wine and cups, and I said to them, drink wine. [§]
va'eteyn lifnei b'nei beit-harekhavim geviyim mele'im yayin v'kosot va'omer aleihem shetu yayin.
'va'eteyn' means 'I gave (or placed)', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'b'nei' means 'the sons of', 'beit-harekhavim' means 'the house of the charioteers', 'geviyim' means 'hills' or 'mounds', 'mele'im' means 'full [of]', 'yayin' means 'wine', 'v'kosot' means 'and cups', 'va'omer' means 'and I said', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'shetu' means 'drink', 'yayin' means 'wine' again.
[JER.35.6] And they said, "We will not drink wine, because Jonadab son of Rekhab our father ordered us, saying, 'You shall not drink wine, you and your children, forever.'" [§]
Vayomeru lo nishete-yayin ki Yonadav ben-Rekhab avinu tziva aleinu le'emor lo tishtu-yayin atem uvenekhem ad olam.
'Vayomeru' means 'they said', 'lo' means 'not', 'nishete-yayin' means 'drink wine', 'ki' means 'because', 'Yonadav' is the proper name Jonadab, 'ben-Rekhab' means 'son of Rekhab', 'avinu' means 'our father', 'tziva' means 'ordered', 'aleinu' means 'upon us', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'lo' means 'not' (again), 'tishtu-yayin' means 'you will drink wine', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'uvenekhem' means 'and your children', 'ad' means 'until' or 'forever', 'olam' means 'everlasting'.
[JER.35.7] You will not build a house, and you will not sow seed, and you will not plant a vineyard, and there will be none for you, because you will sit in the tents all your days, for the purpose that you may live many days upon the face of the earth which you dwell in there. [§]
Ubayit lo tivnu vezera lo tizrau vecherem lo titta'u velo yihyeh lachem ki baohalim teshevu kol yemeichem lemaan tichyu yamim rabbim al penei haadamah asher atem garim sham.
'Ubayit' means 'and a house', 'lo' means 'not', 'tivnu' means 'you will build', 'vezera' means 'and seed', 'tizrau' means 'you will sow', 'vecherem' means 'and a vineyard', 'titta'u' means 'you will plant', 'velo' means 'and there will not be', 'yihyeh' means 'will be', 'lachem' means 'for you', 'ki' means 'because', 'baohalim' means 'in the tents', 'teshevu' means 'you will sit', 'kol' means 'all', 'yemeichem' means 'your days', 'lemaan' means 'for the purpose', 'tichyu' means 'that you may live', 'yamim' means 'days', 'rabbim' means 'many', 'al' means 'upon', 'penei' means 'the face of', 'haadamah' means 'the earth', 'asher' means 'which', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'garim' means 'dwell', 'sham' means 'there'.
[JER.35.8] And we heard by the voice of Yehonadav son of Rekav, our father, for all that he commanded us, without drinking wine all our days: we, our wives, our sons and our daughters. [§]
va-nishma be-qol Yehonadav ben-Reqav avinu le-kol asher tzivanu le-vilti shetot-yayin kol-yamenu anachnu nasheinu banenu u-venoteinu.
'va-nishma' means 'and we heard', 'be-qol' means 'by the voice', 'Yehonadav' is a personal name, 'ben-Reqav' means 'son of Rekav', 'avinu' means 'our father', 'le-kol' means 'for all', 'asher' means 'that which', 'tzivanu' means 'commanded us', 'le-vilti' means 'without', 'shetot-yayin' means 'drinking wine', 'kol-yamenu' means 'all our days', 'anachnu' means 'we', 'nasheinu' means 'our wives', 'banenu' means 'our sons', 'u-venoteinu' means 'and our daughters'.
[JER.35.9] And lest there be no daughters of houses for us to dwell in, and a vineyard and a field and seed shall not be for us. [§]
Ulevilti be-not batim le-shivtenu ve-cherem ve-sadeh va-zerah lo yihyeh lanu.
"Ulevilti" means "and lest" (introducing a negative possibility); "be-not" means "daughters" (literally, female offspring); "batim" means "houses"; "le-shivtenu" means "for our dwelling" (the place where we sit or reside); "ve-cherem" means "and vineyard"; "ve-sadeh" means "and field"; "va-zerah" means "and seed"; "lo" means "not"; "yihyeh" means "shall be"; "lanu" means "for us".
[JER.35.10] And we sat in the tents, we heard, and we did all that was commanded to us by Yonadav our father. [§]
vaneshev baohalim vanishma vanas kechol asher tzivanu Yonadav avinu.
'vaneshev' means 'and we sat', 'baohalim' means 'in the tents', 'vanishma' means 'and we heard', 'vanas' means 'and we did', 'kechol' means 'as all', 'asher' means 'that which', 'tzivanu' means 'commanded us', 'Yonadav' is a proper name, 'avinu' means 'our father'.
[JER.35.11] And it happened when Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon went up to the land, and we said, 'Come, let us go to Jerusalem because of the army of the Chaldeans and because of the army of Aram, and we will settle in Jerusalem.' [§]
Vayehi ba'alot Nebuchadrezar melek Babel el ha'aretz vanno'amer bo'u v'navo Yerushalaym mipnei chel ha'Kasdim u'mipnei chel Aram v'neshev birushalaym.
'Vayehi' means 'and it happened', 'ba'alot' means 'when (he) went up', 'Nebuchadrezar' is the proper name of the Babylonian king, 'melek' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'el' means 'to', 'ha'aretz' means 'the land', 'vanno'amer' means 'and we said', 'bo'u' means 'come', 'v'navo' means 'let us go', 'Yerushalaym' means 'Jerusalem', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'chel' means 'army', 'ha'Kasdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'u' means 'and', 'Aram' means 'Aram', 'v'neshev' means 'and we will settle', 'birushalaym' means 'in Jerusalem'.
[JER.35.12] And it was the word of Yahveh to Jeremiah, saying. [§]
Vayehi dvar Yahveh el Yirmeyahu leemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was' or 'and it happened', 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el' means 'to' or 'unto', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, and 'leemor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.35.13] Thus says Yahveh of hosts the Gods of Israel: Go and say to a man of Judah and to those who dwell in Jerusalem, Is it not that you will take instruction to hear my words, says Yahveh. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael haloch veamarta le-ish Yehuda u-leyoshvei Yerushalayim halo lo tikhu musar lishmoa el-dvarai ne'um-Yahveh.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' is the construct form of Elohim meaning 'the Gods', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'haloch' means 'go', 'veamarta' means 'and say', 'le-ish' means 'to a man', 'Yehuda' means 'Judah', 'u-leyoshvei' means 'and to those who dwell', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'halo lo' means 'is it not', 'tikhu' means 'you will take', 'musar' means 'instruction', 'lishmoa' means 'to hear', 'el-dvarai' means 'my words', 'ne''um' means 'saying', 'Yahveh' again is the name of the LORD.
[JER.35.14] He raised the words of Jonathan son of Rechav which he commanded his sons not to drink wine and they did not drink until this day because they heard the command of their father and I spoke to you early and speak and you did not hear me. [§]
Hukam et-dibre Yehonadav ben-Rechav asher tzivah et-banim levilti shtot-yayin velo shatu ad-hayom hazeh ki shamu et-mitzvat aviham ve-anokhi dibarti aleichem hashkhem ve-dabber velo shema'tem elai.
'Hukam' means 'he raised', 'et-dibre' means 'the words of', 'Yehonadav' is the name Jonathan, 'ben-Rechav' means 'son of Rechav', 'asher' means 'which', 'tzivah' means 'he commanded', 'et-banim' means 'his sons', 'levilti' means 'not', 'shtot-yayin' means 'to drink wine', 'velo' means 'and not', 'shatu' means 'they drank', 'ad-hayom' means 'until the day', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'ki' means 'because', 'shamu' means 'they heard', 'et-mitzvat' means 'the command of', 'aviham' means 'their father', 've-anokhi' means 'and I', 'dibarti' means 'spoke', 'aleichem' means 'to you', 'hashkhem' means 'early', 've-dabber' means 'and speak', 'velo' means 'and not', 'shema'tem' means 'you heard', 'elai' means 'to me'. No divine name appears in the verse, so the special translation rules for El, Elohim, Adonai, YHVH, and Kyrios are not applied.
[JER.35.15] And I sent to you all of my servants the prophets who are awake and sent, saying, "Please return each man from his evil way and improve your deeds and do not follow after the other Gods to serve them, and return to the land which I gave to you and to your ancestors, and you did not incline your ears and you did not hear me." [§]
vaeshlach aleichem et kol avadai hanviim hashkeim veshaloch lemor shuvu na ish midarko harah veheitivu ma'alelachem veal telchu acharei elohim acherim leavdam ushevu el haadamah asher natati lachem velaavoteichem velo hittitem et oznechem velo shemaetm elai.
'vaeshlach' means 'and I sent', 'aleichem' means 'to you', 'et' is the direct object marker (no English equivalent), 'kol' means 'all', 'avadai' means 'my servants', 'hanviim' means 'the prophets', 'hashkeim' means 'who are awake', 'veshaloch' means 'and sent', 'lemor' means 'to say', 'shuvu' means 'return', 'na' means 'please', 'ish' means 'man', 'midarko' means 'from his way', 'harah' means 'evil', 'veheitivu' means 'and improve', 'ma'alelachem' means 'your deeds', 'veal' means 'and do not', 'telchu' means 'follow', 'acharei' means 'after', 'elohim' means 'the Gods', 'acherim' means 'other', 'leavdam' means 'to serve them', 'ushevu' means 'and return', 'el' means 'to', 'haadamah' means 'the land', 'asher' means 'which', 'natati' means 'I gave', 'lachem' means 'to you', 'velaavoteichem' means 'and to your ancestors', 'velo' means 'and you did not', 'hittitem' means 'incline', 'et' (object marker), 'oznechem' means 'your ears', 'velo' means 'and you did not', 'shemaetm' means 'hear', 'elai' means 'me'.
[JER.35.16] Because the sons of Jehonadab son of Rechab established the commandment of their father which he commanded, and this people did not hear me. [§]
Ki hekimū b'nei Yehonadav ben-Rechav et-mitzvat aviham asher tzivam veha'am hazeh lo shama'u elai.
'Ki' means 'Because', 'hekimū' means 'they established', 'b'nei' means 'the sons of', 'Yehonadav' is a personal name, 'ben-Rechav' means 'son of Rechav', 'et-mitzvat' means 'the commandment of', 'aviham' means 'their father', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'tzivam' means 'he commanded them', 'veha'am' means 'and the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'lo' means 'not', 'shama'u' means 'they heard/listened', 'elai' means 'to me' (i.e., 'me').
[JER.35.17] Therefore thus says Yahveh the Gods of hosts the Gods of Israel Behold I am bringing upon Judah and upon all the inhabitants of Jerusalem all the evil which I have spoken against them because I have spoken to them and they did not listen and I called to them and they did not answer. [§]
Lachen koh amar Yahveh Elohei Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael hineni mevi el-Yehudah ve'el kol-yoshvei Yerushalayim et kol-hara'ah she-dibarti aleihem ya'an dibarti aleihem velo shamu veekra lahem velo anu.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Elohei' is the construct form of 'Elohim' and is rendered as 'the Gods'', 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', so 'the Gods of hosts', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', so 'the Gods of Israel', 'hineni' means 'behold' or 'I am', 'mevi' means 'bringing', 'el-Yehudah' means 'to Judah', 've'el' means 'and to', 'kol-yoshvei' means 'all the inhabitants', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'kol-hara'ah' means 'all the evil' or 'all the disaster', 'she-dibarti' means 'that I have spoken', 'aleihem' means 'against them', 'ya'an' means 'because', 'dibarti' again 'I have spoken', 'velo shamu' means 'they did not listen', 'veekra' means 'and I called', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'velo anu' means 'they did not answer'. The divine titles are rendered literally as instructed: YHVH as Yahveh, Elohim as the Gods.
[JER.35.18] And to the house of the charioteers said Jeremiah, Thus says Yahveh of hosts, the God of Israel, because you heard the command of Yonadav your father and you kept all his commandments and you did as all that He commanded you. [§]
ul'veit ha-rechavim amar Yirmeyahu koh-amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael ya'an asher shma'tem al-mitzvat Yonadav avikhem vatishemru et kol-mitzvotav vatasa'u kechol asher tzivah etchem
'ul'veit' means 'and to the house (of)', 'ha-rechavim' means 'the charioteers', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'koh-amar' means 'thus says', 'Yahveh' means the divine name YHVH rendered as Yahveh, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'ya'an' means 'because', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'shma'tem' means 'you heard', 'al-mitzvat' means 'concerning the command of', 'Yonadav' means the personal name Jonadab, 'avikhem' means 'your father', 'vatishemru' means 'and you kept', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (no English equivalent), 'kol-mitzvotav' means 'all his commandments', 'vatasa'u' means 'and you did', 'kechol' means 'as all', 'asher' means 'that which', 'tzivah' means 'He commanded', 'etchem' means 'you' (direct‑object).
[JER.35.19] Therefore thus says Yahveh of hosts the Gods of Israel: no man will be cut off from Yonadav son of Rechab standing before me all the days. [§]
Lachen ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael lo-yikaret ish leYonadav ben-Rechav omed lefanai kol-hayamim.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in heavenly hosts), 'Elohei' is the construct form of 'Elohim' meaning 'the Gods' (genitive), 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'lo-yikaret' means 'will not cut off', 'ish' means 'man', 'leYonadav' means 'to Yonadav', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Rechav' is a proper name, 'omed' means 'standing', 'lefanai' means 'before me', 'kol' means 'all', 'hayamim' means 'days'.
JER.36
[JER.36.1] And it happened in the fourth year of Jehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah that this word came to Jeremiah from Yahveh, saying. [§]
Vayehi ba-shanah ha-revi'it li-yehoiakim ben-yoshi-yahu melekh Yehudah hayah ha-davar ha-zeh el-Yirmiyahu me'et Yahveh le'emor.
'Vayehi' means 'And it happened', 'ba-shanah' means 'in the year', 'ha-revi'it' means 'the fourth', 'li-yehoiakim' means 'of Jehoiakim', 'ben-yoshi-yahu' means 'son of Josiah', 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'hayah' means 'was', 'ha-davar' means 'the word', 'ha-zeh' means 'this', 'el-Yirmiyahu' means 'to Jeremiah', 'me'et' means 'from', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'le'emor' means 'saying'.
[JER.36.2] Take for yourself a scroll of a book and write on it all the words which I have spoken to you concerning Israel and concerning Judah and concerning all the nations, from the day I spoke to you from the days of Josiah until this day. [§]
Kach-lekha megillat-sefer ve-katavtah et kol-hadvarim asher dibarti eleikha al Yisrael ve'al Yehudah ve'al kol-hagoyim miyom dibarti eleikha miymei Yoshiyahu ve'ad hayom hazeh.
'Kach' means 'take', 'lekha' means 'for yourself', 'megillat-sefer' means 'scroll of a book', 've' means 'and', 'katavtah' means 'you shall write', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'eleikha' means 'to you', 'al' means 'concerning', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 've'al' means 'and concerning', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 've'al kol' means 'and all', 'hagoyim' means 'the nations', 'miyom' means 'from the day', 'miymei' means 'from the days of', 'Yoshiyahu' means 'Josiah', 've'ad' means 'and until', 'hayom' means 'this day', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.36.3] Perhaps the house of Judah will hear all the evil that I am planning to do to them, in order that each one may return from his evil way and I will forgive their iniquity and their sin. [§]
Ulay yishmeu beit Yehudah et kol haraah asher anochi choshev laasot lahem lema'an yashuvu ish midarko hareah ve'salachtI laavonam ulechatatam.
'Ulay' means 'perhaps', 'yishmeu' means 'they will hear', 'beit Yehudah' means 'the house of Judah', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'haraah' means 'evil' or 'disaster', 'asher' means 'that', 'anochi' means 'I', 'choshev' means 'am planning' or 'am considering', 'laasot' means 'to do', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'lema'an' means 'in order that', 'yashuvu' means 'they may return', 'ish' means 'each one', 'midarko' means 'from his way', 'hareah' means 'evil', 've'salachtI' means 'and I will forgive', 'laavonam' means 'their iniquity', 'ulechatatam' means 'and their sin'.
[JER.36.4] And Jeremiah called Baruch son of Neriah, and Baruch wrote from the mouth of Jeremiah all the words of Yahveh which He spoke to him on a scroll. [§]
Vayikra Yirmeyahu et-Baruch ben Neriyah vayikhtov Baruch mipiy Yirmeyahu et kol divrei Yahveh asher diber elav al megilat sefer.
'Vayikra' means 'and called', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'Baruch' is a personal name meaning blessed, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Neriyah' is a personal name, 'vayikhtov' means 'and wrote', 'mipiy' means 'from the mouth of', 'kol' means 'all', 'divrei' means 'words of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, 'asher' means 'which', 'diber' means 'spoke', 'elav' means 'to him', 'al' means 'upon', 'megilat' means 'scroll', 'sefer' means 'book' or 'record'.
[JER.36.5] And Jeremiah commanded Baruch, saying, 'I am bound, I cannot go into the house of Yahveh.' [§]
Vayetzaveh Yirmeyahu et-Baruch le'emor Ani atzur lo uchal lavo beit Yahveh.
'Vayetzaveh' means 'and he commanded', 'Yirmeyahu' is the proper name Jeremiah, 'et-Baruch' means 'the [object] Baruch', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'Ani' means 'I', 'atzur' means 'bound', 'lo' means 'not', 'uchal' means 'I can', 'lavo' means 'to go', 'beit' means 'house of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, the name of God.
[JER.36.6] And you will come and call in the scroll that you wrote from your mouth the words of Yahveh in the ears of the people of the house of Yahveh on the day of fasting, and also in the ears of all Judah who come from their cities you will call them. [§]
Uvate atta veqarata bamgilah asher katavta mipi et divrei Yahveh be'aznei haam beit Yahveh beyom tzom vegam be'aznei kol Yehudah habba'im me'areihem tiqra'em.
'Uvate' means 'and you will come', 'atta' means 'you', 'veqarata' means 'and you will call', 'bamgilah' means 'in the scroll', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'katavta' means 'you wrote', 'mipi' means 'from the mouth of', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'divrei' means 'words of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'be'aznei' means 'in the ears of', 'haam' means 'the people', 'beit' means 'house of', 'Yahveh' again 'Yahveh', 'beyom' means 'on the day of', 'tzom' means 'fast', 'vegam' means 'and also', 'be'aznei' again 'in the ears of', 'kol' means 'all', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'habba'im' means 'who come', 'me'areihem' means 'from their cities', 'tiqra'em' means 'you will call them'.
[JER.36.7] Perhaps their petition will fall before Yahveh, and each will turn back from his evil way, for great is the anger and the wrath that Yahveh spoke to this people. [§]
Ulai tipol tehinatam lifnei Yahveh veyashuvu ish midarko haraha ki gadol haaf vehachama asher diber Yahveh el haam hazeh.
'Ulai' means 'perhaps', 'tipol' means 'will fall', 'tehinatam' means 'their petition', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'veyashuvu' means 'and they will turn back', 'ish' means 'man' or 'each', 'midarko' means 'from his way', 'haraha' means 'the evil', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'gadol' means 'great', 'haaf' means 'the anger', 'vehachama' means 'and the wrath', 'asher' means 'that', 'diber' means 'spoke', 'Yahveh' again the Divine Name, 'el' means 'to', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.36.8] And Baruch son of Neriya did everything that Jeremiah the prophet commanded him, to read in the book the words of Yahveh of the house of Yahveh. [§]
Vayya'as Baruch ben-Neriya kechol asher-tzivahu Yirmeyahu hanavi likro bassefer divrei Yahveh beit Yahveh.
'Vayya'as' means 'and he did', 'Baruch' is a personal name meaning 'blessed', 'ben-Neriya' means 'son of Neriya', 'kechol' means 'as all' or 'everything', 'asher-tzivahu' means 'that he commanded him', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'hanavi' means 'the prophet', 'likro' means 'to read', 'bassefer' means 'in the book', 'divrei' means 'words of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, and 'beit Yahveh' means 'the house of Yahveh'.
[JER.36.9] And it happened in the fifth year of Jehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah, in the ninth month they called a fast before Yahveh, all the people in Jerusalem, and all the people who were coming from the towns of Judah into Jerusalem. [§]
Va-yehi ba-shanah ha-chamishit li-Yeho-yakim ben-Yo-shi-yahu melek-Yehudah ba-chodesh ha-teshi'i karu tzom lifnei Yahveh kol ha-am bi-Yerushalayim ve-kol ha-am ha-ba'im me-arei Yehudah bi-Yerushalayim.
'Va-yehi' means 'And it happened', 'ba-shanah' means 'in the year', 'ha-chamishit' means 'the fifth', 'li-Yeho-yakim' means 'of Jehoiakim', 'ben' means 'son', 'Yo-shi-yahu' means 'of Josiah', 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'ba-chodesh' means 'in the month', 'ha-teshi'i' means 'the ninth', 'karu' means 'they called', 'tzom' means 'a fast', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHVH, 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-am' means 'the people', 'bi-Yerushalayim' means 'in Jerusalem', 've-kol' means 'and all', 'ha-ba'im' means 'the ones coming', 'me-arei' means 'from the towns of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah'.
[JER.36.10] And Baruch called out in the book the words of Jeremiah, the House of Yahveh, in the office of Gomeriyahu son of Shaphan the scribe, in the upper courtyard, the opening of the gate of the House of Yahveh the new, before the ears of all the people. [§]
Vayikra Baruch ba-sefer et-divrei Yirmeyahu beit Yahveh be-lishkat Gomeriyahu ben-Shafan ha-sofer be-chatzar ha-elyon petach sha'ar beit-Yahveh he-chadash be-oznei kol-haam.
'Vayikra' means 'and he called', 'Baruch' is a personal name, 'ba-sefer' means 'in the book', 'et-divrei' means 'the words of', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'beit Yahveh' means 'House of Yahveh', 'be-lishkat' means 'in the office of', 'Gomeriyahu' is a personal name, 'ben-Shafan' means 'son of Shaphan', 'ha-sofer' means 'the scribe', 'be-chatzar' means 'in the courtyard', 'ha-elyon' means 'the upper', 'petach sha'ar' means 'the opening of the gate', 'beit-Yahveh' again 'House of Yahveh', 'he-chadash' means 'the new', 'be-oznei' means 'in the ears of', 'kol-haam' means 'all the people'.
[JER.36.11] And Mikayhu son of Gemaryahu son of Shaphan heard all the words of Yahveh from the book. [§]
Va yishma MiKayhu ben Gemaryahu ben Shaphan et kol divrei Yahveh me'al ha sefer.
'Va' means 'and', 'yishma' means 'he heard', 'MiKayhu' is a personal name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Gemaryahu' is a personal name, 'ben' again means 'son of', 'Shaphan' is a personal name, 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'divrei' means 'words of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'me''al' means 'from', 'ha' means 'the', 'sefer' means 'book'.
[JER.36.12] And he went down to the house of the king at the seat of the scribe, and behold, there all the princes were sitting: Elishama the scribe and Delaiah son of Shemaiah, and El'natan son of Akbor, and Gemaryahu son of Shaphan, and Tzidkiyahu son of Chananyah, and all the princes. [§]
vayered beit ha-melekh al lishkat ha-sofer ve-hineh sham kol ha-sarim yoshevim Elishama ha-sofer u-Deliyahu ben Shema-yahu ve-El'natan ben Akbor u-Gemaryahu ben Shaphan ve-Tsidkiyahu ben Chananyahu ve-kol ha-sarim.
'vayered' means 'and he went down', 'beit ha-melekh' means 'the house of the king', 'al' means 'upon' or 'at', 'lishkat' means 'the seat', 'ha-sofer' means 'the scribe', 've-hineh' means 'and behold', 'sham' means 'there', 'kol ha-sarim' means 'all the princes', 'yoshevim' means 'were sitting', 'Elishama' is a personal name, 'ha-sofer' again means 'the scribe', 'u-Deliyahu' means 'and Delaiah', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Shema-yahu' is the name 'Shemaiah', 've-El'natan' means 'and El'natan', 'ben Akbor' means 'son of Akbor', 'u-Gemaryahu' means 'and Gemaryahu', 'ben Shaphan' means 'son of Shaphan', 've-Tsidkiyahu' means 'and Tzidkiyahu', 'ben Chananyahu' means 'son of Chananyah', and the final 've-kol ha-sarim' repeats 'and all the princes'.
[JER.36.13] And he told them from Micah all the words that he heard when Baruch read in the book before the people. [§]
Vayagged lahem MiKayhu et kol-hadvarim asher shama bikro Baruch ba-sefer be'oznei haam.
'Vayagged' means 'and he told', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'MiKayhu' means 'from Micah', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol-hadvarim' means 'all the words', 'asher' means 'that', 'shama' means 'he heard', 'bikro' means 'when Baruch read', 'Baruch' is a proper name meaning 'blessed', 'ba-sefer' means 'in the book', 'be'oznei' means 'in the ears of', 'haam' means 'the people'.
[JER.36.14] All the princes sent to Baruch, Judah son of Netanyahu son of Shelemiyahu son of Kushi, saying, 'The scroll which you called in the ears of the people, take it in your hand and go.' Baruch son of Neriyahu took the scroll in his hand and came to them. [§]
vayishlu kol-hasharim el Baruch et Yehudi ben Netanyahu ben Shelemiyahu ben Kushi le'emor ha megilla asher karata bah be'oznei ha am kachena beyadecha va'lek vayikach Baruch ben Neriyahu et ha megilla beyado vayyavo aleihem.
'vayishlu' means 'they sent', 'kol-hasharim' means 'all the princes', 'el' means 'to', 'Baruch' is a proper name, 'et' is the accusative marker, 'Yehudi' means 'Judah', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Netanyahu' is a proper name, 'Shelemiyahu' is a proper name, 'Kushi' is a proper name, 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'ha megilla' means 'the scroll', 'asher' means 'which', 'karata' means 'you called', 'bah' means 'in it', 'be'oznei' means 'in the ears of', 'ha am' means 'the people', 'kachena' means 'take it', 'beyadecha' means 'in your hand', 'va'lek' means 'and go', 'vayikach' means 'and he took', 'Baruch' is a proper name, 'ben Neriyahu' means 'son of Neriyahu', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'ha megilla' means 'the scroll', 'beyado' means 'in his hand', 'vayyavo' means 'and he came', 'aleihem' means 'to them'.
[JER.36.15] And they said to him, 'Sit, please, and call it to our ears.' And he called it blessed in their ears. [§]
vayomeru elav shev na ukre'na be'azneinu vayikra baruch be'aznehem.
'vayomeru' means 'and they said', 'elav' means 'to him', 'shev' means 'sit', 'na' is a polite particle meaning 'please', 'ukre'na' means 'and call it', 'be'azneinu' means 'to our ears', 'vayikra' means 'and he called', 'baruch' means 'blessed', 'be'aznehem' means 'in their ears'.
[JER.36.16] And it was when they heard all the words; each man was frightened of his companion, and they said to Baruch, the teller, the story to the king, all these words. [§]
Vayhi keshama'am et kol hadvarim pachadu ish el re'ehu vayomru el Baruch hageid nagid lammelekh et kol hadvarim haeleh.
'Vayhi' means 'and it was', 'keshama'am' means 'when they heard', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'pachadu' means 'they were frightened', 'ish' means 'a man', 'el' means 'to', 're'ehu' means 'his companion', 'vayomru' means 'and they said', 'el Baruch' means 'to Baruch', 'hageid' means 'the teller', 'nagid' means 'the story', 'lammelekh' means 'to the king', 'haeleh' means 'these'.
[JER.36.17] And Baruch they asked, saying, 'Please tell us how you wrote all these words from the mouth.' [§]
ve'et Baruch sha'alu le'emor haged na lanu eich katavta et kol hadvarim ha'eleh mipiv.
've'et' means 'and (the)'. 'Baruch' is a proper name meaning 'blessed'. 'sha'alu' means 'they asked'. 'le'emor' means 'to say' or 'saying'. 'haged' means 'the tell' (imperative 'tell'). '-na' is a polite particle meaning 'please'. 'lanu' means 'to us'. 'eich' means 'how'. 'katavta' means 'you wrote'. 'et' is the direct object marker. 'kol' means 'all'. 'hadvarim' means 'the words'. 'ha'eleh' means 'these'. 'mipiv' means 'from the mouth'.
[JER.36.18] He said to them, 'Blessed, from his mouth he will call to me all these words, and I am writing on the book for the day.' [§]
Vayomer lahem Baruch mipiyu yikra elai et kol-hadvarim haeleh va'ani kotev al-hassefer baddiyo.
'Vayomer' means 'he said', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'Baruch' means 'blessed', 'mipiyu' means 'from his mouth', 'yikra' means 'he will call', 'elai' means 'to me', 'et' is a particle marking the direct object, 'kol' means 'all', 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'haeleh' means 'these', 'va'ani' means 'and I', 'kotev' means 'am writing', 'al' means 'on', 'hassefer' means 'the book', 'baddiyo' means 'for the day' or 'at the appointed time'.
[JER.36.19] The princes said to Baruch, "Go hide yourself and Jeremiah, and let no one know where you are." [§]
Vayomeru ha-sarim el Baruch lekh hister attah ve-Yirmiyahu ve-ish al-yeda eifo atem.
'Vayomeru' means 'they said', 'ha-sarim' means 'the princes', 'el' means 'to', 'Baruch' is a proper name meaning 'blessed', 'lekh' means 'go', 'hister' means 'hide yourself', 'attah' means 'you (singular)', 've-Yirmiyahu' means 'and Jeremiah', 've-ish' means 'and a man', 'al-yeda' means 'let not know', 'eifo' means 'where', 'atem' means 'you (plural)'.
[JER.36.20] They went to the king at the courtyard and they brought the scroll, placing it before God heard the scribe, and they reported to the king all the matters. [§]
Vayavu el ha-melach chatsarah ve-et ha-megilla hipkadu be-lishkat Eli-shama ha-sofer vayaggidu be-oznei ha-melach et kol ha-dvarim.
'Vayavu' means 'they went', 'el' means 'to', 'ha-melach' means 'the king', 'chatsarah' means 'the courtyard', 've-et' means 'and', 'ha-megilla' means 'the scroll', 'hipkadu' means 'they brought', 'be-lishkat' means 'in the presence of', 'Eli-shama' is a proper name composed of 'El' meaning 'God' and 'shama' meaning 'heard', thus 'God heard', 'ha-sofer' means 'the scribe', 'vayaggidu' means 'and they reported', 'be-oznei' means 'in the ears of', 'ha-melach' means 'the king', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-dvarim' means 'the words' or 'the matters'.
[JER.36.21] And the king sent the Judean to fetch the scroll, and he took it from the office of God hears the scribe, and the Judean read it in the ears of the king and in the ears of all the officials standing over the king. [§]
Vayishlach ha-melekh et-Yehudi la-kachat et ha-megilah vayikacheha mi-lishkat Elishama ha-sofer vayikra'ah Yehudi be-oznei ha-melekh u-be-oznei kol-ha-sarim ha-omdim me-al ha-melekh.
'Vayishlach' means 'and sent', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'et-Yehudi' means 'the Judean', 'la-kachat' means 'to fetch' or 'to take', 'et ha-megilah' means 'the scroll', 'vayikacheha' means 'and he took it', 'mi-lishkat' means 'from the office of', 'Elishama' is a proper name composed of 'El' meaning 'God' and 'shama' meaning 'hears', thus translated as 'God hears', 'ha-sofer' means 'the scribe', 'vayikra'ah' means 'and he read it', 'Yehudi' again means 'the Judean', 'be-oznei ha-melekh' means 'in the ears of the king', 'u-be-oznei kol-ha-sarim ha-omdim me-al ha-melekh' means 'and in the ears of all the officials standing over the king'.
[JER.36.22] And the king sitting in the winter house in the ninth month, and the brother before him is burning. [§]
veha-melekh yoshev beit ha-choref ba-chodesh ha-tshii ve-et ha-ach lefanav mevoaret.
've' means 'and', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'yoshev' means 'sits' or 'is sitting', 'beit' means 'house', 'ha-choref' means 'the winter [house]', 'ba-chodesh' means 'in the month', 'ha-tshii' means 'the ninth', 've-et' means 'and', 'ha-ach' means 'the brother', 'lefanav' means 'before him', 'mevoaret' means 'is burning' (feminine participle).
[JER.36.23] And it was when Jude called three doors and four, he will tear it in the gate of the scribe and cast it into the fire that is to the other until the whole scroll is on the fire that is on the other. [§]
Vayhi kiqro Yehudi shalosh delot ve'arba'ah yikareiha be'ta'ar ha'sopher ve'hashlekh el ha'esh asher el ha'ach ad tom kol ha'megilla al ha'esh asher al ha'ach.
'Vayhi' means 'and it was'; 'kiqro' means 'when he called'; 'Yehudi' means 'Jude'; 'shalosh' means 'three'; 'delot' means 'doors'; 've'arba'ah' means 'and four'; 'yikareiha' means 'he will tear it'; 'be'ta'ar' means 'in the gate'; 'ha'sopher' means 'the scribe'; 've'hashlekh' means 'and cast'; 'el' means 'to' or 'into'; 'ha'esh' means 'the fire'; 'asher' means 'that'; 'el ha'ach' means 'to the other'; 'ad tom' means 'until complete'; 'kol' means 'all' or 'the whole'; 'ha'megilla' means 'the scroll'; 'al ha'esh' means 'upon the fire'; the second 'asher' again means 'that'; 'al ha'ach' means 'upon the other'.
[JER.36.24] And they were not afraid, and they did not tear off their garments; the king and all his servants who were listening heard all these words. [§]
ve'lo pachadu ve'lo karu et-bigdeihem ha-melekh ve'khol avadav ha-shome'im et kol ha-dvarim ha'eleh.
've'lo' means 'and not', 'pachadu' means 'were afraid', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'karu' means 'they tore', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'bigdeihem' means 'their garments', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 've'khol' means 'and all', 'avadav' means 'his servants', 'ha-shome'im' means 'the listeners' or 'those who hear', 'et' again marks a direct object, 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-dvarim' means 'the words', 'ha'eleh' means 'these'.
[JER.36.25] And also El-natan and Udelayah and Ugmaryahu met the king so that the scroll would not be burned, but he did not listen to them. [§]
vegam elnatan udelayah ugmaryahu hifgiu bamelekh levilti sref et-hamgilla velo shama aleihem.
'vegam' means 'and also', 'elnatan' is the personal name El-natan, 'udelayah' is the personal name Udelayah, 'ugmaryahu' is the personal name Ugmaryahu, 'hifgiu' means 'they met' or 'they encountered', 'bamelekh' means 'the king', 'levilti' means 'in order that not', 'sref' means 'to burn', 'et-hamgilla' means 'the scroll' (et is the object marker), 'velo' means 'but not' or 'and not', 'shama' means 'he listened', 'aleihem' means 'to them'.
[JER.36.26] And the king commanded Yerahmeel son of the king and Seriyah son of Azriel and Shelemeyah son of Avdeel to take Baruch the scribe and Jeremiah the prophet, and Yahveh hid them. [§]
Va-yetzaveh ha-melekh et Yerahme'el ben ha-melekh ve-et Seriyahu ben Azri'el ve-et Shelemeyahu ben Avde'el laqachat et Baruch ha-sofer ve-et Yirmiyahu ha-navi ve-yastirem Yahveh.
'Va-yetzaveh' means 'and he commanded', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'et' is a direct object marker (no English equivalent), 'Yerahme'el' is a personal name meaning 'God will have mercy', 'ben' means 'son of', 'ha-melekh' again 'the king', 've-et' means 'and (also) the', 'Seriyahu' is a personal name meaning 'my exile is Yahveh', 'ben' 'son of', 'Azri'el' means 'my help is God', 've-et' again, 'Shelemeyahu' means 'peace of Yahveh', 'ben' 'son of', 'Avde'el' means 'servant of God', 'laqachat' means 'to take', 'Baruch' is a name meaning 'blessed', 'ha-sofer' means 'the scribe', 've-et' again, 'Yirmiyahu' means 'Yahveh will exalt', 'ha-navi' means 'the prophet', 've-yastirem' means 'and he hid', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.36.27] And it came to pass that the word of Yahveh to Jeremiah after the king burned the scroll and the words that Baruch wrote from the mouth of Jeremiah, saying. [§]
vayehi devar YHWH el Yirmiyahu acharay seref ha-melekh et ha-megillah ve-et ha-dvarim asher katav Baruch miphi Yirmiyahu lemar
'vayehi' means 'and it came to pass', 'devar' means 'word', 'YHWH' is the divine name rendered as Yahveh, 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmiyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'acharay' means 'after', 'seref' means 'burned', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'ha-megillah' means 'the scroll', 've-et' means 'and the', 'ha-dvarim' means 'words', 'asher' means 'that', 'katav' means 'wrote', 'Baruch' is a proper name, 'miphi' means 'from the mouth of', 'Yirmiyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'lemar' means 'saying'.
[JER.36.28] Again take for yourself another scroll and write on it all the things that were on the first scroll that King Yehoyakim of Judah burned. [§]
Shuv kach lekha megilla acharat uktiv alaha et kol hadvarim harishonim asher hayu al hamegillah harishonah asher saraf Yehoyakim melekh yehudah.
'Shuv' means 'again' or 'return', 'kach' means 'take', 'lekha' means 'for yourself', 'megilla' means 'scroll', 'acharat' means 'another', 'ukitiv' means 'and write', 'alaha' means 'upon it', 'et' is a direct‑object marker that is usually not rendered in English, 'kol' means 'all', 'hadvarim' means 'the words' or 'the things', 'harishonim' means 'the former' or 'the first', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'hayu' means 'were', 'al' means 'upon', 'hamegillah' means 'the scroll', 'harishonah' means 'the first', 'saraf' means 'burned', 'Yehoyakim' is the personal name of the king, 'melek' means 'king', and 'yehudah' means 'Judah'.
[JER.36.29] And concerning Jehoiakim, king of Judah, you shall say, "Thus says Yahveh: You have burned this scroll in order to say, Why did you write on it, saying, Come, the king of Babylon will come and will destroy this land, and will bring ruin from it man and animal." [§]
ve'al yehoiakim melek yehudah tomar ko amar Yahveh attah saraptah et ha-megilla ha-zot le'emor madua katavtah aleha le'emor bo-yavo melek babel ve-hishchit et ha-aretz ha-zot ve-hishbit mimenah adam uvehemah.
've'al' means 'and concerning', 'yehoiakim' is the name of the king Jehoiakim, 'melek' means 'king', 'yehudah' means 'of Judah', 'tomar' means 'you shall say', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHWH, 'attah' means 'you', 'saraptah' means 'have burned', 'et' is the direct‑object marker (not translated), 'ha-megilla' means 'the scroll', 'ha-zot' means 'this', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'madua' means 'why', 'katavtah' means 'did you write', 'aleha' means 'upon it', 'le'emor' again means 'to say', 'bo-yavo' means 'come, will come', 'melek' means 'king', 'babel' means 'Babylon', 've-hishchit' means 'and will destroy', 'ha-aretz' means 'the land', 've-hishbit' means 'and will bring ruin', 'mimenah' means 'from it', 'adam' means 'man', 'uvehemah' means 'and animal'.
[JER.36.30] Therefore thus says Yahveh concerning Jojakim king of Judah: there shall not be for him a one who sits on the throne of David, and his ruin will be cast to the sword by day and to the fire by night. [§]
Lakhen koh-amar Yahveh al Yehoyakim melakh Yehudah lo yihyeh-lo yoshev al kisei David ve-nivlato tihyeh muslechet la-chorev bayom ve-la-kerach balaila.
'Lakhen' means 'therefore', 'koh-amar' means 'thus says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'al' means 'concerning' or 'against', 'Yehoyakim' is the name 'Jojakim', 'melakh' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'lo' means 'not', 'yihyeh' means 'shall be', 'yoshev' means 'sitting', 'al' means 'on', 'kisei' means 'the throne', 'David' is the name 'David', 've-nivlato' means 'and his ruin', 'tihyeh' means 'will be', 'muslechet' means 'thrown down' or 'cast', 'la-chorev' means 'to the sword', 'bayom' means 'by day', 've-la-kerach' means 'and to the fire', 'balaila' means 'by night'.
[JER.36.31] And I will punish him and his offspring and his servants for their iniquity, and I will bring upon them and upon the inhabitants of Jerusalem and upon every man of Judah all the evil that I spoke against them, and they did not listen. [§]
Ufakadti alav ve'al-zar'o ve'al-avadav et-avonam vehaveiti alayhem ve'al-yoshvei Yerushalayim ve'el-ish Yehudah et kol-hara'ah asher dibarti aleihem ve'lo shamu.
'U' means 'and', 'fakadti' means 'I will punish', 'alav' means 'him', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'zar'o' means 'his seed/offspring', 'avadav' means 'his servants', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'avonam' means 'their iniquity', 'vehaveiti' means 'and I will bring', 'alayhem' means 'upon them', 'yoshvei' means 'inhabitants of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 've'el' means 'and upon', 'ish' means 'man', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'kol' means 'all', 'hara'ah' means 'the evil', 'asher' means 'that', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'aleihem' means 'against them', 've'lo' means 'and they did not', 'shamu' means 'listen'.
[JER.36.32] And Jeremiah took another scroll and gave it to Baruch son of Neriyahu the scribe, and he wrote on it from Jeremiah all the words of the book that King Yehoyakim of Judah burned in the fire, and also added many words to them just as before. [§]
ve-yirmeyahu la-kach megilla aheret vayittenah el-Barruch ben-Neriyahu ha-sofer vayikhtov al-yah mi-pi yirmeyahu et kol-dibre ha-sefer asher saraf Yehoyakim melek-yehudah ba-esh ve-od nosaf al-hem devarim rabbim kahemah.
've-yirmeyahu' means 'and Jeremiah', 'la-kach' means 'took', 'megilla' means 'a scroll', 'aheret' means 'another', 'vayittenah' means 'and gave it', 'el-Barruch' means 'to Baruch', 'ben-Neriyahu' means 'son of Neriyahu', 'ha-sofer' means 'the scribe', 'vayikhtov' means 'and wrote', 'al-yah' means 'upon it', 'mi-pi' means 'from the mouth of', 'yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'kol-dibre' means 'all the words', 'ha-sefer' means 'of the book', 'asher' means 'that', 'saraf' means 'burned', 'Yehoyakim' is a personal name meaning 'Yahveh raises', 'melek-yehudah' means 'king of Judah', 'ba-esh' means 'in fire', 've-od' means 'and also', 'nosaf' means 'added', 'al-hem' means 'to them', 'devarim' means 'words', 'rabbim' means 'many', 'kahemah' means 'as before' or 'the same amount'. The divine name element in 'Yehoyakim' is rendered simply as part of the proper name.
JER.37
[JER.37.1] And King Zedekiah son of Josiah reigned under Kanah son of Jehoiakim who was appointed by Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon in the land of Judah. [§]
vayimlach melekh Tzidkiyah ben Yoashiyahu tachat Kanyahu ben Yehoiakim asher himlich Nebukadrezar melekh Babel be eretz Yehudah.
'vayimlach' means 'and reigned', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Tzidkiyah' is the name 'Zedekiah', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Yoashiyahu' is the name 'Josiah', 'tachat' means 'under', 'Kanyahu' is the name 'Kanah', 'ben' again 'son of', 'Yehoiakim' is the name 'Jehoiakim', 'asher' means 'who', 'himlich' means 'appointed', 'Nebukadrezar' is the name 'Nebuchadnezzar', 'melekh' again 'king', 'Babel' is the name 'Babylon', 'be' means 'in', 'eretz' means 'the land of', 'Yehudah' is the name 'Judah'.
[JER.37.2] But he and his servants, and the people of the land, did not listen to the words of Yahveh that he spoke by the hand of Jeremiah the prophet. [§]
ve-lo shama hu ve-avadai ve-am ha-aretz el-divrei Yahveh asher diber be-yad Yirmiyahu ha-navi.
"ve" means "and", "lo" means "not", "shama" means "listened/he heard", "hu" means "he", "ve-avadai" means "and his servants", "ve-am" means "and the people", "ha-aretz" means "of the land", "el" means "to", "divrei" means "the words", "Yahveh" is the literal translation of YHVH, "asher" means "that/which", "diber" means "he spoke", "be-yad" means "by the hand of", "Yirmiyahu" is the name Jeremiah, "ha-navi" means "the prophet".
[JER.37.3] And the king Zedekiah sent Yehukal son of Shelemiah and Tzefanyahu son of Maaseyah the priest to Jeremiah the prophet, saying, Pray please on our behalf to Yahveh our God. [§]
vayishlach hamelek tzedkiyahu et-yehukal ben-shelemyah ve-et-tzefanyahu ben-maaseyah hakohen el-yeremiyahu hanavi le'emor hitpalelna va'adeinu el-YHVH Eloheinu.
'vayishlach' means 'and he sent', 'hamelek' means 'the king', 'tzedkiyahu' means 'Zedekiah', 'et-yehukal' means 'Yehukal', 'ben-shelemyah' means 'son of Shelemiah', 've-et-tzefanyahu' means 'and Tzefanyahu', 'ben-maaseyah' means 'son of Maaseyah', 'hakohen' means 'the priest', 'el-yeremiyahu' means 'to Jeremiah', 'hanavi' means 'the prophet', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'hitpalelna' means 'pray, please', 'va'adeinu' means 'on our behalf', 'el-YHVH' means 'to Yahveh', 'Eloheinu' means 'our God'.
[JER.37.4] And Jeremiah came and went among the people, and they did not give him a house of the vessel. [§]
ve-yir-meh-yah-hu ba ve-yo-tse be-toch ha-am ve-lo na-tenu o-to beit ha-ke-lee-ah.
've-yir-meh-yah-hu' means 'and Jeremiah', 'ba' means 'came', 've-yo-tse' means 'and went out', 'be-toch' means 'within' or 'among', 'ha-am' means 'the people', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'na-tenu' means 'they gave', 'o-to' means 'him', 'beit' means 'house', 'ha-ke-lee-ah' is a proper noun meaning 'the vessel' or 'the pot'.
[JER.37.5] And the host of Pharaoh went out from Egypt, and the Chaldeans the enemies heard concerning Jerusalem and the sound, and they went up from Jerusalem. [§]
vecheil par'oh yatza mimitzrayim vayishmeu hakashdim hatzarim al-yerushalayim et-shimam vaye'alu me'al yerushalayim
'vecheil' means 'and the host', 'par'oh' means 'Pharaoh', 'yatza' means 'went out', 'mimitzrayim' means 'from Egypt', 'vayishmeu' means 'and they heard', 'hakashdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'hatzarim' means 'the enemies', 'al-yerushalayim' means 'against Jerusalem', 'et' is a direct object marker and is not translated, 'shimam' is a proper name meaning 'hearing' or 'sound', 'vaye'alu' means 'and they went up', 'me'al' means 'from', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem'.
[JER.37.6] And the word of Yahveh came to Jeremiah the prophet, saying. [§]
Vayehi devar Yahveh el Yirmeyahu ha navi leemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it happened' or 'and it came to pass', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'el' is not present here, 'el' would be 'God' but the name is part of 'Yahveh', 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah' (the prophet's name), 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'navi' means 'prophet', and 'leemor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.37.7] Thus said Yahveh, God of Israel, thus you will say to the king of Judah, the one sending you to me to inquire of me: Behold, the host of Pharaoh who goes out for you for help has returned to his land, Egypt. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael koh tom'ru el-melekh Yehudah hasholeach etchem elai le-darsheni hineh cheil Paroh hayotze lachem le'ezrah shav le'artzo Mitzrayim.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'koh' again means 'thus', 'tom'ru' means 'you will say', 'el' means 'to', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'of Judah', 'hasholeach' means 'the one sending', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'elai' means 'to me', 'le-darsheni' means 'to inquire of me', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'cheil' means 'host' or 'army', 'Paroh' means 'Pharaoh', 'hayotze' means 'who goes out', 'lachem' means 'for you', 'le'ezrah' means 'for help', 'shav' means 'return', 'le'artzo' means 'to his land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'.
[JER.37.8] And the Chaldeans shall return and fight for this city, and capture it and burn it with fire. [§]
ve-shavu ha-kashdim ve-nilchamu al ha'ir ha-zot ul-kadduha ve-sarfuha ba-esh.
've' means 'and', 'shavu' means 'they shall return', 'ha-kashdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 've' means 'and', 'nilchamu' means 'they shall fight', 'al' means 'against' or 'for', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'ha-zot' means 'this', 'ul' means 'and', 'kadduha' means 'they shall capture it', 've' means 'and', 'sarfuha' means 'they shall burn it', 'ba-esh' means 'with fire'.
[JER.37.9] Thus says Yahveh: Do not lift up your souls, saying, 'Let them go, the Chaldeans will go away from us, because they will not go.' [§]
Koh amar Yahveh al-tashiu nafshoteichem le'emor haloch yelchu me'alenu hakassdim ki lo yelechu.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'al-tashiu' means 'do not lift' or 'do not raise', 'nafshoteichem' means 'your souls', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'haloch' means 'let go' (imperative), 'yelchu' means 'they will go', 'me'alenu' means 'from upon us' or 'away from us', 'hakassdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'yelechu' means 'they will go'.
[JER.37.10] For if you strike all the strength of the Chaldeans who are fighting with you, and there remain among them distinguished men, each in his house will rise and burn this city with fire. [§]
ki im hikkitem kol chel kasdim ha nilchamim ittechem ve nisharu bam anashim medukarim ish beahlo yakumu ve sarfu et hair hazot ba esh.
'ki' means 'for', 'im' means 'if', 'hikkitem' means 'you strike', 'kol' means 'all', 'chel' means 'strength' or 'force', 'kasdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'ha nilchamim' means 'the ones who are fighting', 'ittechem' means 'with you', 've nisharu' means 'and they will remain', 'bam' means 'in them', 'anashim' means 'men', 'medukarim' means 'distinguished' or 'notable', 'ish' means 'a man', 'beahlo' means 'in his house', 'yakumu' means 'they will rise', 've sarfu' means 'and they will burn', 'et hair' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'ba esh' means 'with fire'.
[JER.37.11] And it shall be when the army of the Chaldeans goes up from above Jerusalem because of the army of Pharaoh. [§]
vehayah behalot chel hakasdim me'al yerushalayim mipnei chel paroh.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'behalot' means 'when (the) ascent' or 'when (they) go up', 'chel' means 'army' or 'strength', 'hakasdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'me\'al' means 'from above' or 'from the height of', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'mipnei' means 'because of' or 'in the face of', 'chel' again means 'army', 'paroh' means 'Pharaoh'. The final solitary 's' is a scribal marker and is not part of the text.
[JER.37.12] And Jeremiah went out from Jerusalem to go to the land of Benjamin to apportion from there among the people. [§]
Vayetse Yirmeyahu mirushalam lalekhet eretz Binyamin lahalek misham betoch haam.
'Vayetse' means 'and he went out', 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'mirushalam' means 'from Jerusalem', 'lalekhet' means 'to go', 'eretz' means 'land', 'Binyamin' means 'Benjamin', 'lahalek' means 'to apportion' or 'to distribute', 'misham' means 'from there', 'betoch' means 'among' or 'within', 'haam' means 'the people'.
[JER.37.13] And it happened that he was at the gate of Benjamin, and there a man of the guard whose name was Yir'iyyah son of Shelemyah son of Chananyah seized the prophet Jeremiah, saying to the Chaldeans, "You will fall." [§]
Vayehi hu besha'ar Binyamin, vesham ba'al pekidut, u'shmo Yir'iyyah ben Shelemyah ben Chananyah, vayitposh et Yirmiyahu hanavi lemor el hakassdim attah nofel.
'Vayehi' means 'and it happened', 'hu' means 'he', 'besha'ar' means 'at the gate', 'Binyamin' is the place name 'Benjamin', 'vesham' means 'and there', 'ba'al' means 'a man/owner', 'pekidut' means 'of the guard', 'u'shmo' means 'and his name', 'Yir'iyyah' is a personal name meaning 'Yahweh will awaken', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Shelemyah' means 'peace of Yahweh', 'ben Chananyah' means 'son of Chananyah', 'vayitposh' means 'and he seized', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'Yirmiyahu' is the personal name 'Jeremiah', 'hanavi' means 'the prophet', 'lemor' means 'to say', 'el' means 'to', 'hakassdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'attah' means 'you', 'nofel' means 'will fall'.
[JER.37.14] And Jeremiah said, "It is not a lie that I am not falling upon the Chaldeans, and I did not hear him." Yiriyah seized Jeremiah and brought him to the princes. [§]
Vayomer Yirmiyahu Sheker Eineni Nofel al haKashdim V'lo Shama Elav Vayitpos Yiriyah beYirmiyahu Vayviahu el haSarim.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Yirmiyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'Sheker' means 'a lie' or 'falsehood', 'Eineni' means 'I am not', 'Nofel' means 'falling' (participle), 'al haKashdim' means 'upon the Chaldeans', 'V'lo' means 'and not', 'Shama' means 'heard', 'Elav' means 'him' (to him), 'Vayitpos' means 'and he seized', 'Yiriyah' is a proper name (Yiriyah), 'beYirmiyahu' means 'in Jeremiah' or 'Jeremiah', 'Vayviahu' means 'and he brought him', 'el haSarim' means 'to the princes'.
[JER.37.15] And the officials were angry against Jeremiah and they struck him and they gave him to the prison house, the house of Jonathan the scribe, because of him they made him for the house of the pot. [§]
vayiketsefu hasharim al-yeirmiyahu vehikku oto venatnu oto beit ha-esur beit yehonatan ha-sofer ki-oto asu lebeit ha-kelle.
'vayiketsefu' means 'and the officials were angry', 'hasharim' means 'the officers', 'al-yeirmiyahu' means 'against Jeremiah', 'vehikku' means 'and they struck', 'oto' means 'him', 'venatnu' means 'and they gave', 'beith ha-esur' means 'the prison house', 'beit yehonatan' means 'the house of Jonathan', 'ha-sofer' means 'the scribe', 'ki-oto' means 'because of him', 'asu' means 'they made', 'lebeit ha-kelle' means 'for the house of the pot' (a reference to a place of confinement).
[JER.37.16] For Jeremiah went to the house of the well and to the courtyards, and Jeremiah dwelt there many days. [§]
Ki ba Yirmeyahu el-beit habbor ve-el hachanuyot vayeshav-sham Yirmeyahu yamim rabbim.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'ba' means 'came', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'el-beit' means 'to the house', 'habbor' means 'of the well', 've-el' means 'and to', 'hachanuyot' means 'the courtyards', 'vayeshev-sham' means 'and dwelt there', 'yamim' means 'days', 'rabbim' means 'many'.
[JER.37.17] And the king sent Zedekiah, took him, and questioned him in his house in secret, and said, 'Is there a word from Yahveh?' And Jeremiah said, 'Yes,' and he said, 'By the hand of the king of Babylon you shall give it.' [§]
Vayishlach hammelekh Tzedkiyahu vayikachehu vayish'alehu hammelekh beveito baseter vayomer hayesh davar me'et Yahveh vayomer Yirmeyahu yesh vayomer beyad melekh-Bavel tinnaten.
'Vayishlach' means 'and he sent', 'hammelekh' means 'the king', 'Tzedkiyahu' is the name 'Zedekiah', 'vayikachehu' means 'and he took him', 'vayish'alehu' means 'and he questioned him', 'beveito' means 'in his house', 'baseter' means 'in secret', 'vayomer' means 'and he said', 'hayesh' means 'is there', 'davar' means 'a word/thing', 'me'et' means 'from', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name 'Jeremiah', 'yesh' means 'there is', 'vayomer' means 'and he said', 'beyad' means 'by the hand of', 'melekh-Bavel' means 'the king of Babylon', 'tinnaten' means 'you shall give/hand over'.
[JER.37.18] And Jeremiah said to King Zedekiah, 'What have I done against you, against your servants, and against this people, that you have put me in the prison house?' [§]
Vayomer Yirmeyahu el-hamelach Tzidkiyahu meh chatati lekha ve-laavadeikha ve-laam hazeh ki-netatem oti el-bet hakela.
'Vayomer' means 'And said', 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'el' means 'to', 'hamelach' means 'the king', 'Tzidkiyahu' means 'Zedekiah', 'meh' means 'what', 'chatati' means 'have I transgressed', 'lekha' means 'against you', 've' means 'and', 'laavadeikha' means 'against your servants', 've' again 'and', 'laam' means 'against the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'ki' means 'that/because', 'netatem' means 'you have placed', 'oti' means 'me', 'el' means 'into', 'bet' means 'house', 'hakela' means 'the prison'.
[JER.37.19] And what about your prophets who prophesied to you, saying, 'A king of Babylon shall not come upon you nor upon this land.' [§]
Ve'ayiyeh nevi'eykhem asher-niv'hu lakhem le'emor lo-yavo melech-Babel aleikhem ve'al haaretz hazot.
'Ve' means 'and', 'ayiyeh' means 'what about', 'nevi'eykhem' means 'your prophets', 'asher' means 'who', 'niv'hu' means 'prophesied', 'lakhem' means 'to you', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'lo-yavo' means 'shall not come', 'melech-Babel' means 'king of Babylon', 'aleikhem' means 'upon you', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'haaretz' means 'the land', 'hazot' means 'this'.
[JER.37.20] Now hear, my Lord the king, please accept my petition before you, and do not turn me away from the house of Jonathan the scribe, lest I die there. [§]
ve'atah shma na adoni ha-melekh tifal na tehinnati lefanekha ve'al teshiveni beit Yeonatan ha-sofer velo amut sham.
've' means 'and', 'atah' means 'now', 'shma' means 'hear', 'na' is a particle meaning 'please', 'adoni' means 'my Lord', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'tifal' means 'accept', 'na' means 'please' again, 'tehinnati' means 'my petition', 'lefanekha' means 'before you', 've'al' means 'and do not', 'teshiveni' means 'turn me away', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yeonatan' means 'Jonathan', 'ha-sofer' means 'the scribe', 'velo' means 'and not', 'amut' means 'die', 'sham' means 'there'.
[JER.37.21] And the king Zedekiah commanded, and they assigned Jeremiah to the courtyard of the prison, and gave him a daily portion of bread from outside the ovens until all the bread from the city was finished, and Jeremiah dwelt in the courtyard of the prison. [§]
Vayetzaveh ha-melekh Tzidkiyahu vayap'kidu et Yirmeyahu ba-chatzar ha-matarah ve-naton lo keichar-lechem hayom mi-chutz ha-ofim ad tom kol ha-lechem min ha-ir vayyeshev Yirmeyahu ba-chatzar ha-matarah.
'Vayetzaveh' means 'and he commanded', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Tzidkiyahu' is the proper name Zedekiah, 'vayap'kidu' means 'and they assigned', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'ba-chatzar' means 'in the courtyard', 'ha-matarah' means 'the prison' or 'the place of confinement', 've-naton' means 'and gave', 'lo' means 'to him', 'keichar-lechem' means 'a portion of bread' (literally 'like a piece of bread'), 'hayom' means 'for the day', 'mi-chutz' means 'from outside', 'ha-ofim' means 'the ovens', 'ad tom' means 'until the end', 'kol ha-lechem' means 'all the bread', 'min ha-ir' means 'from the city', 'vayyeshev' means 'and he sat' or 'dwelt', and the final 'ba-chatzar ha-matarah' repeats 'in the courtyard of the prison'.
JER.38
[JER.38.1] And Shephatya son of Mattan, and Gedaliah son of Pashchur, and Yuchal son of Shelemiyahu, and Pashchur son of Malkiyah heard the words which Jeremiah was speaking to all the people, saying: [§]
Vayishma Shephatya ben-Mattan uGedaliahu ben-Pashchur veyuchal ben-Shelemiyahu uPashchur ben-Malkiyah et-hadvarim asher Yirmiyahu medaber el-kol-haam lemor.
'Vayishma' means 'and (he) heard', 'Shephatya' is a personal name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Mattan' is a personal name, 'u' means 'and', 'Gedaliahu' is a personal name, 'ben' again 'son of', 'Pashchur' is a personal name, 've' (combined with 'yuchal') means 'and Yuchal', 'Yuchal' is a personal name, 'ben' again 'son of', 'Shelemiyahu' is a personal name, 'u' again 'and', 'Pashchur' a personal name, 'ben' 'son of', 'Malkiyah' a personal name, 'et' is the direct‑object marker (no lexical meaning), 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'Yirmiyahu' is the name 'Jeremiah', 'medaber' means 'speaks' or 'was speaking', 'el' means 'to', 'kol' means 'all', 'haam' means 'the people', and 'lemor' means 'saying' (introducing a quotation).
[JER.38.2] Thus said Yahveh: The dweller in this city will die by sword, by famine, and by pestilence; and he who goes out to the Chaldeans will live, and his soul will be spoil and alive. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh hayoshev ba'ir hazot yamut bacherev baarav uvdaver vehayotze el-hakassdim yichayah vehayetah-lo nafsho leshalal vachai.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hayoshev' means 'the dweller', 'ba'ir' means 'in the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'yamut' means 'will die', 'bacherev' means 'by the sword', 'baarav' means 'by famine', 'uvdaver' means 'and by pestilence', 'vehayotze' means 'and he who goes out', 'el-hakassdim' means 'to the Chaldeans', 'yichayah' means 'will live', 'vehayetah-lo' means 'and his soul will be', 'nafsho' means 'his soul', 'leshalal' means 'for spoil', 'vachai' means 'and alive'.
[JER.38.3] Thus says Yahveh: Behold, I will give this city into the hand of the army of the king of Babylon, and I will capture it. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh hinaton tinnaten ha'ir hazot be yad cheil melek-babel ulekhdah.
'Ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'hinaton' means 'behold', 'tinnaten' means 'I will give', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'be yad' means 'into the hand of', 'cheil' means 'the host or army', 'melek-babel' means 'the king of Babylon', 'ulekhdah' means 'and I will capture it'.
[JER.38.4] The princes said to the king, "Please put this man to death, because he is the one healing the hands of the soldiers who remain in this city, and also the hands of all the people to speak these things to them, for this man is not seeking peace for this people, but evil." [§]
Vayomru hasharim el-hamelach yumat na et-ha'ish hazeh ki al-ken hu-mehape et-yedei anshei ha-milchama ha-nisherim ba'ir hazot ve'et yedei kol-ha'am ledaber aleihem kadvarim ha'eleh ki ha'ish hazeh einenu dorash leshalom la'am hazeh ki im lera'ah.
'Vayomru' means 'they said', 'hasharim' means 'the princes', 'el-hamelach' means 'to the king', 'yumat' means 'let die', 'na' means 'please', 'et-ha'ish' means 'the man', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'ki' means 'because', 'al-ken' means 'for that', 'hu-mehape' means 'he is healing', 'et-yedei' means 'the hands of', 'anshei' means 'the men of', 'ha-milchama' means 'the war', 'ha-nisherim' means 'the remaining', 'ba'ir' means 'in the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 've'et' means 'and the', 'yedei' means 'hands of', 'kol-ha'am' means 'all the people', 'ledaber' means 'to speak', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'kadvarim' means 'these things', 'ha'eleh' means 'these', 'einenu' means 'he is not', 'dorash' means 'seeking', 'leshalom' means 'peace', 'la'am' means 'for the people', 'im' means 'but', 'lera'ah' means 'evil'.
[JER.38.5] And the king Zedekiah said, Behold, he is in your hand, for there is no king who can do any thing to you. [§]
Vayomer ha-melek Tzidkiyahu hineh-hu be-yedkhem ki ein ha-melek yukhal etkhem dabar.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'ha-melek' means 'the king', 'Tzidkiyahu' is the proper name Zedekiah, 'hineh-hu' means 'behold he', 'be-yedkhem' means 'in your hand', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'ha-melek' again 'the king', 'yukhal' means 'can [do]', 'etkhem' means 'to you (plural)', 'dabar' means 'thing' or 'matter'.
[JER.38.6] And they took Jeremiah and threw him into the cistern; Malchijah son of the king who was in the courtyard of the guard sent Jeremiah in ropes; and in the cistern there was no water but a little, and Jeremiah sank in the little. [§]
Vayyiqqhu et Yirmeyahu vayashlikhu oto el habor Malkiyahu ben hamelech asher bachatzar hamattarah vayshal'hu et Yirmeyahu bachavlim uvanabor ein mayim ki im tit vayitba Yirmeyahu batit.
'Vayyiqqhu' means 'and they took', 'et' is the direct object marker meaning 'the', 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'vayashlikhu' means 'and they threw', 'oto' means 'him', 'el' means 'to/into', 'habor' means 'the cistern', 'Malkiyahu' means 'Malchijah', 'ben' means 'son', 'hamelech' means 'the king', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'bachatzar' means 'in the courtyard', 'hamattarah' means 'the courtyard of the guard', 'vayshal'hu' means 'and they sent', 'bachavlim' means 'in ropes', 'uvanabor' means 'and in the cistern', 'ein' means 'there was no', 'mayim' means 'water', 'ki' means 'because', 'im' means 'except', 'tit' means 'a little (of water)', 'vayitba' means 'and he sank', 'batit' means 'in the little'.
[JER.38.7] And the servant of the king, the Kushite, a certain officer, heard it in the king’s house, because they had thrown Jeremiah into the pit, and the king was sitting at the gate of Binyamin. [§]
va yishma eved-melekh ha kushi ish saris vehu bebeit ha melekh ki natnu et yirmeyahu el ha bor ve ha melekh yoshev beshaar binyamin.
'va' means 'and', 'yishma' means 'heard', 'eved-melekh' means 'servant of the king', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'kushi' means 'Kushite', 'ish' means 'a man' or 'a certain', 'saris' means 'officer' or 'official', 'vehu' means 'and he', 'bebeit' means 'in the house', 'ha melekh' means 'the king', 'ki' means 'because', 'natnu' means 'they gave' or 'they cast', 'et' is the accusative particle, 'yirmeyahu' is the name 'Jeremiah', 'el' means 'to' or 'into', 'ha bor' means 'the pit', 've' means 'and', 'ha melekh' means 'the king', 'yoshev' means 'was sitting', 'beshaar' means 'at the gate', 'binyamin' is a place name 'Binyamin'.
[JER.38.8] And the king's servant went out from the king's house and spoke to the king, saying: [§]
Vayyetseh eved-melekh mibbeit ha-melekh vaydaber el ha-melekh le'emor.
'Vayyetseh' means 'and he went out', 'eved-melekh' means 'the servant of the king', 'mibbeit' means 'from the house of', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'vaydaber' means 'and he spoke', 'el' means 'to', 'ha-melekh' again means 'the king', and 'le'emor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[JER.38.9] My Lord the king, these men raised a clamor over all that they did to Jeremiah the prophet, that which they threw into the pit, and they died beneath it because of the famine, because there was no bread any more in the city. [§]
Adoni ha-Melekh hereu ha-anashim ha-elleh et kol asher asu leYirmiyahu haNavi et asher hishlichu el ha-bor vayamat tachtav mipenei ha-raav ki ein ha-lechem od ba-ir.
'Adoni' means 'my Lord', 'ha-Melekh' means 'the king', 'hereu' means 'they raised a clamor', 'ha-anashim' means 'the men', 'ha-elleh' means 'these', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (no translation), 'kol' means 'all', 'asher' means 'that which', 'asu' means 'they did', 'leYirmiyahu' means 'to Jeremiah', 'haNavi' means 'the prophet', 'et' again a marker, 'asher' again 'that which', 'hishlichu' means 'they threw', 'el' means 'into', 'ha-bor' means 'the pit', 'vayamat' means 'and died', 'tachtav' means 'under it', 'mipenei' means 'because of', 'ha-raav' means 'the famine', 'ki' means 'because', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'ha-lechem' means 'the bread', 'od' means 'anymore', 'ba-ir' means 'in the city'.
[JER.38.10] And the king commanded the king's servant, the Cushite, saying, 'Take in your hand from here thirty men and you shall bring up Jeremiah the prophet from the pit before he dies.' [§]
Vayetzaweh ha-melekh et eved-melekh ha-kushi le'amer kach beyadkha mi-zeh shloshim anashim veha'alita et Yirmeyahu ha-navi min ha-bor be-terem yamut.
'Vayetzaweh' means 'and he commanded', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (not translated), 'eved-melekh' means 'the king's servant', 'ha-kushi' means 'the Cushite', 'le'amer' means 'to say', 'kach' means 'take', 'beyadkha' means 'in your hand', 'mi-zeh' means 'from here', 'shloshim anashim' means 'thirty men', 'veha'alita' means 'and you shall bring up', 'Yirmeyahu ha-navi' means 'Jeremiah the prophet', 'min ha-bor' means 'from the pit', 'be-terem' means 'before', 'yamot' means 'he dies'.
[JER.38.11] And the king's servant took the men in his hand and entered the king's house to the under treasury and he took from there the bundles of the merchandise and the bundles of the spices and he sent them to Jeremiah at the well by the ropes. [§]
Vayikach aved-melekh et-ha-anashim beyado vayavo beit-hamelekh el-tachat ha'otsar vayikach misham b'luyeh haschavot u'bluyeh melachim veyeshalechem el-Yirmeyahu el-habor ba'Chavlim.
'Vayikach' means 'and he took', 'aved-melekh' means 'the king's servant', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'ha-anashim' means 'the men', 'beyado' means 'in his hand', 'vayavo' means 'and he went/entered', 'beit-hamelekh' means 'the king's house', 'el-tachat' means 'to the under/Below', 'ha-otsar' means 'the treasury/storehouse', 'vayikach' again means 'and he took', 'misham' means 'from there', 'b'luyeh' means 'the bundles', 'haschavot' means 'the merchandise', 'u'bluyeh' means 'and the bundles', 'melachim' means 'the spices', 'veyeshalechem' means 'and he sent them', 'el-Yirmeyahu' means 'to Jeremiah', 'el-habor' means 'to the well', 'ba'Chavlim' means 'by the ropes'.
[JER.38.12] And the king's servant the Cushite said to Jeremiah, 'Place now the belohei of the schavot and the melachim under the atzilot of your hand from beneath the chavarim,' and Jeremiah did so. [§]
Vayomer eved-melech hakushi el Yirmeyahu sim na belohei haschavot vehamelachim tachat atzilot yadecha mitachat lachavarim vayas Yirmeyahu ken.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'eved-melech' means 'servant of the king', 'hakushi' means 'the Cushite', 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'sim' means 'place' (imperative), 'na' means 'please', 'belohei' is a plural noun of unknown exact referent rendered here as 'belohei', 'haschavot' is a plural noun 'the schavot', 'vehamelachim' means 'and the melachim', 'tachat' means 'under', 'atzilot' is a plural noun 'the atzilot', 'yadecha' means 'your hand', 'mitachat' means 'from beneath', 'lachavarim' means 'to the chavarim', 'vayas' means 'and he did', 'ken' means 'thus'.
[JER.38.13] They pulled Jeremiah with ropes, and they lifted him out of the pit, and Jeremiah sat in the courtyard of the guard. [§]
Vayimshchu et Yirmiyahu ba chavalim vayya'alu oto min ha bor vayyeshev Yirmiyahu ba chatzar ha matara.
'Vayimshchu' means 'and they pulled', 'et' is a grammatical marker for the direct object (often left untranslated), 'Yirmiyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'ba' means 'with', 'chavalim' means 'ropes', 'vayya'alu' means 'and they lifted', 'oto' means 'him', 'min' means 'from', 'ha' means 'the', 'bor' means 'pit', 'vayyeshev' means 'and he sat', 'ba' means 'in', 'chatzar' means 'courtyard', 'ha' means 'the', 'matara' means 'guard' or 'watch'.
[JER.38.14] And the king Zedekiah sent and took the prophet Jeremiah to him to the third entrance which was in the house of Yahveh, and the king said to Jeremiah, 'I am asking you a word; do not contradict me a word.' [§]
Vayishlach ha-melekh Tzidkiyahu vayiqach et-Yirmiyahu ha-navi elav el-mavo ha-shelishi asher be-beit Yahveh vayomer ha-melekh el-Yirmiyahu shoel ani otkha davar al-tekachad mimeni davar.
'Vayishlach' means 'and he sent', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Tzidkiyahu' is the personal name Zedekiah, 'vayiqach' means 'and he took', 'et-Yirmiyahu' means 'the prophet Jeremiah' (Yirmiyahu is the name), 'ha-navi' means 'the prophet', 'elav' means 'to him', 'el-mavo' means 'to the entrance', 'ha-shelishi' means 'the third', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'be-beit' means 'in the house', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'vayomer' means 'and he said', 'shoel' means 'asking', 'ani' means 'I', 'otkha' means 'you (masc.)', 'davar' means 'matter/word', 'al-tekachad' means 'do not contradict', 'mimeni' means 'from me', 'davar' again means 'matter/word'.
[JER.38.15] And Jeremiah said to Zedekiah, 'Because I will tell you, is it not that you will cause my death, and if I advise you, you will not listen to me.' [§]
Vayomer Yirmeyahu el-Tsidkiyahu ki agid lekha halo hamed temiteni vechi i'atzkha lo tishma elai.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'el' means 'to', 'Tsidkiyahu' is the name Zedekiah, 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'agid' means 'I will tell', 'lekha' means 'to you (masc.)', 'halo' means 'is it not', 'hamed' means 'dead' or 'death', 'temiteni' means 'you will cause me to die', 'vechi' means 'and if', 'i'atzkha' means 'I will advise you', 'lo' means 'not', 'tishma' means 'you will hear', 'elai' means 'to me'.
[JER.38.16] And the king Zedekiah swore to Jeremiah in secret, saying, "Yahveh lives, the one who has given us this life; if I kill you and if I give you into the hand of these men who are seeking your life." [§]
vayishava hamelekh tsidkiyahu el yirmiyahu baseter leemor chai-yahveh et asher asah-lanu et-hanefesh hazot im-amitkha veim ettenkha beyd haanashim haeleh asher mevakshim et-nafshkha
'vayishava' means 'and he swore', 'hamelekh' means 'the king', 'tsidkiyahu' is the personal name Zedekiah, 'el' is the preposition 'to', 'yirmiyahu' is the personal name Jeremiah, 'baseter' means 'in secret', 'leemor' means 'to say', 'chai-yahveh' means 'Yahveh lives' (YHVH rendered as Yahveh), 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'asher' means 'who/that', 'asah-lanu' means 'has given us' or 'has made for us', 'et-hanefesh' means 'the soul' or 'the life', 'hazot' means 'this', 'im-amitkha' means 'if I kill you', 'veim' means 'and if', 'ettenkha' means 'I give you', 'beyad' means 'into the hand of', 'haanashim' means 'the men', 'haeleh' means 'these', 'asher' again means 'who', 'mevakshim' means 'are seeking', 'et-nafshkha' means 'your life'.
[JER.38.17] And Jeremiah said to Zedekiah, Thus says Yahveh God of Hosts God of Israel: If you go out, you will go out to the princes of the king of Babylon, and your life will be saved, and this city will not be burned with fire; and you will live, and your house. [§]
Vayomer Yirmeyahu el Tzidkiyahu koh amar Yahveh Elohei Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael im yatsa tetze el sarai melekh Babel vechaytah nafshacha vehair hazot lo tisharef baesh vechaytah atah uveitecha.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'el' means 'to', 'Tzidkiyahu' means 'Zedekiah', 'koh amar' means 'thus says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', so 'Elohei Tzevaot' is 'God of Hosts', 'Elohei Yisrael' means 'God of Israel', 'im' means 'if', 'yatsa' means 'you go out', 'tetze' means 'you will go out', 'el' means 'to', 'sarai' means 'princes', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'vechaytah' means 'and your life will be', 'nafshacha' means 'your soul', 'vehair hazot' means 'and this city', 'lo' means 'not', 'tisharef' means 'you will burn', 'baesh' means 'with fire', 'vechaytah' again means 'and you will live', 'atah' means 'you', 'uveitecha' means 'and your house'.
[JER.38.18] And if you do not go out to the princes of the king of Babylon, and the city will be given into the hand of the Chaldeans, and they will burn it with fire, and you will not escape from their hand. [§]
ve'im lo-tetze el-sarei melekh Babel ve-nitnah ha'ir hazot be-yad ha-Kashdim u-srefuha ba-esh ve-atah lo timale mi-yadam.
've' means 'and', 'im' means 'if', 'lo' means 'not', 'tetze' means 'you will go out', 'el' means 'to', 'sarei' means 'princes', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 've' means 'and', 'nitnah' means 'will be given', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'be-yad' means 'into the hand of', 'ha-Kashdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'u' means 'and', 'srefuha' means 'they will burn it', 'ba-esh' means 'with fire', 've' means 'and', 'atah' means 'you', 'lo' means 'not', 'timale' means 'will escape', 'mi-yadam' means 'from their hand'.
[JER.38.19] And the king Zedekiah said to Jeremiah, I am fleeing from the Jews who have fallen to the Chaldeans lest they hand me over into their hands and boast over me. [§]
Vayomer ha-melekh Tzedkiyahu el-Yirmiyahu ani do'eg et-hayehudim asher nafalu el-hakhasdim pen-yitnu oti beyadam ve-hitalelu-bi.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Tzedkiyahu' is the personal name 'Zedekiah', 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmiyahu' is the personal name 'Jeremiah', 'ani' means 'I', 'do\'eg' means 'am fleeing', 'et' is a direct object marker (not translated), 'hayehudim' means 'the Jews', 'asher' means 'who', 'nafalu' means 'have fallen', 'el' means 'to', 'hakhasdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'pen' means 'lest', 'yitnu' means 'they hand over', 'oti' means 'me', 'beyadam' means 'into their hands', 've-hitalelu' means 'and they will boast', 'bi' means 'over me'.
[JER.38.20] And Jeremiah said, 'Do not give; listen, please, in the voice of Yahveh to the one I am speaking to you, and it will be good for you and your soul will live.' [§]
Vayomer Yirmeyahu lo yitenu shema na beqol Yahveh la'aser ani dover elicha veyitav lecha utechi nafsecha.
'Vayomer' means 'And he said', 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'lo' means 'not', 'yitenu' means 'let it be given' (negative imperative: 'do not give'), 'shema' means 'listen', 'na' means 'please', 'beqol' means 'with the voice', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'la'aser' means 'to the one who', 'ani' means 'I', 'dover' means 'am speaking', 'elicha' means 'to you', 'veyitav' means 'and it will be good', 'lecha' means 'for you', 'utechi' means 'and you will live', 'nafsecha' means 'your soul'.
[JER.38.21] And if you are unwilling to go out, this thing which Yahveh has shown me. [§]
ve-im maen atah latzeet zeh hadavar asher hirani Yahveh.
've-im' means 'and if', 'maen' means 'refusing' or 'unwilling', 'atah' means 'you' (masculine singular), 'latzeet' means 'to go out', 'zeh' means 'this', 'hadavar' means 'the thing' or 'the matter', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'hirani' means 'he showed me', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.38.22] And behold all the women who remained in the house of the king of Judah went out to the princes of the king of Babylon and they said, 'They have provoked you and they have finished for you the men of your peace; stamp your foot in the mud, they have gone astray behind.' [§]
ve-hinne kol-hanashim asher nish'aru be-beit melekh-yehudah mutza'ot el-sarei melekh Babel ve-henna om'rot hisitukha ve-yakhelu lekha an'shei shlomekha hattevi babots raglecha nasogu achor.
've-hinne' means 'and behold', 'kol-hanashim' means 'all the women', 'asher' means 'who', 'nish'aru' means 'remained', 'be-beit' means 'in the house of', 'melekh-yehudah' means 'the king of Judah', 'mutza'ot' means 'went out', 'el-sarei' means 'to the princes of', 'melekh' means 'the king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 've-henna' means 'and they', 'om'rot' means 'said', 'hisitukha' means 'they have provoked you', 've-yakhelu' means 'and they have completed (or finished)', 'lekha' means 'for you', 'an'shei' means 'the men of', 'shlomekha' means 'your peace', 'hattevi' means 'stamp' or 'press', 'babots' means 'in the mud', 'raglecha' means 'your foot', 'nasogu' means 'they have gone astray', 'achor' means 'behind' or 'afterward'.
[JER.38.23] And all your wives and your sons you will bring out to the Chaldeans, and you will not escape from their hand, because in the hand of the king of Babylon you will be captured, and you will burn this city with fire. [§]
ve'et kol nashekha ve'et baneikha motzi'im el hakassdim ve'ata lo timale't miyadam ki be'yad melekh-babel titafesh ve'et ha'ir hazot tishrof ba'esh.
've'et' means 'and', 'kol' means 'all', 'nashekha' means 'your wives', 'baneikha' means 'your sons', 'motzi'im' means 'you bring out', 'el' means 'to', 'hakassdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 've'ata' means 'and you', 'lo' means 'not', 'timale't' means 'you will escape', 'miyadam' means 'from their hand', 'ki' means 'because', 'be'yad' means 'in the hand of', 'melekh-babel' means 'the king of Babylon', 'titafesh' means 'you will be captured', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'tishrof' means 'you will burn', 'ba'esh' means 'with fire'.
[JER.38.24] Righteousness of Yahveh said to Jeremiah of Yahveh, 'Man, do not know these things, and you shall not die.' [§]
Vayomer Tzidkiyahu el Yirmiyahu, ish, al-yeda ba-devarim ha-ele v'lo tamut.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Tzidkiyahu' is a theophoric name composed of 'tzidki' (righteousness) and 'yahu' (the divine name YHVH), which is rendered here as 'Yahveh', so the name is translated as 'Righteousness of Yahveh'. 'El' means 'God' and appears in the phrase 'ha-ele' meaning 'the God' and is therefore translated as 'the God'. 'Yirmiyahu' likewise contains the divine element 'yahu', so it is rendered as 'Jeremiah of Yahveh' (or simply 'Jeremiah' with the divine element expressed as 'Yahveh'). 'Ish' means 'man' or 'person', 'al-yeda' means 'let not know' or 'do not be aware', 'ba-devarim' means 'of the matters/things', 'ha-ele' means 'these God (things)' i.e., 'these things', and 'v'lo tamut' means 'and you shall not die'.
[JER.38.25] And when the princes heard that I spoke with you, and they came to you and said to you, 'Tell us what you said to the king; do not be afraid of him, and we will not kill you; and what did the king say to you?' [§]
vechi yishmeu hasharim ki dibarti itach uvo'u eilecha veamru eilecha hagida-na lanu mah dibarta el hamelekh al tekhad mimenu velo nemit'cha umah diber eilecha hamelekh.
'vechi' means 'and when'; 'yishmeu' means 'they hear'; 'hasharim' means 'the princes'; 'ki' means 'that' or 'because'; 'dibarti' means 'I spoke'; 'itach' means 'to you' (addressing a male); 'uvo'u' means 'and they came'; 'eilecha' means 'to you'; 'veamru' means 'and they said'; 'eilecha' again means 'to you'; 'hagida-na' means 'tell us'; 'lanu' means 'to us'; 'mah' means 'what'; 'dibarta' means 'you said'; 'el hamelekh' means 'to the king'; 'al' means 'not'; 'tekhad' means 'be afraid'; 'mimenu' means 'of him'; 'velo' means 'and not'; 'nemit'cha' means 'we will kill you'; 'umah diber' means 'and what said'; 'eilecha' means 'to you'; 'hamelekh' means 'the king'.
[JER.38.26] And you shall say to them, I bring down my plea before the king, that without returning me to the house of Jonathan I may die there. [§]
Veamarta aleihem mapil ani techinati lifnei ha-melekh levilti hashiveni bet Yehonatan lamut sham.
'Veamarta' means 'and you shall say', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'mapil' is a verbal form meaning 'I cause to fall' or 'I bring down', 'ani' means 'I', 'techinati' means 'my petition' or 'my plea', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'levilti' means 'without', 'hashiveni' means 'returning me' or 'restoring me', 'bet Yehonatan' means 'the house of Jonathan', 'lamut' means 'to die', 'sham' means 'there'.
[JER.38.27] All the princes came to Jeremiah and asked him, and he reported to them all these matters which the king had commanded, and they were silent toward him because the matter was not heard. [§]
Vayyavo'u kol-hassarim el Yirmiyahu vayisha'alu oto vayagged lahem kechol hadvarim ha'ele asher tzivah ha-melekh vayach'rasu mimenu ki lo nishma hadavar.
'Vayyavo'u' means 'and they came', 'kol' means 'all', 'hassarim' means 'the princes', 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmiyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'vayisha'alu' means 'and they asked', 'oto' means 'him', 'vayagged' means 'and he reported', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'kechol' means 'all', 'hadvarim' means 'the matters', 'ha'ele' means 'these', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'tzivah' means 'the king commanded', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'vayach'rasu' means 'and they were silent', 'mimenu' means 'toward him', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'nishma' means 'was heard', 'hadavar' means 'the matter'.
[JER.38.28] And Jeremiah sat in the courtyard of the siege until the day Jerusalem was captured; so it shall be as Jerusalem was captured. [§]
Vayeshev Yirmeyahu bachatzar hamattara ad yom asher nilkedah Yerushalayim; sovehaya ka'ashar nilkedah Yerushalayim.
'Vayeshev' means 'and he sat', 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'bachatzar' means 'in the courtyard', 'hamattara' means 'the siege', 'ad' means 'until', 'yom' means 'the day', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'nilkedah' means 'was captured', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'sovehaya' means 'so it shall be', 'ka'ashar' means 'as that', the second 'nilkedah Yerushalayim' repeats 'Jerusalem was captured'.
JER.39
[JER.39.1] In the ninth year of Zedekiah king of Judah, in the tenth month, Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and all his forces came against Jerusalem and they besieged it. [§]
Bashanah hatshishit leTzidkiyahu melek Yehudah bachodesh ha'asiri baNebuchadrezar melek Bavel vechol cheilo el Yerushalayim vayatzaru aleha.
'Bashanah' means 'in the year', 'hatshishit' means 'the ninth', 'leTzidkiyahu' means 'of Zedekiah', 'melek Yehudah' means 'king of Judah', 'bachodesh' means 'in the month', 'ha'asiri' means 'the tenth', 'baNebuchadrezar' means 'Nebuchadnezzar', 'melek Bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'vechol cheilo' means 'and all his force/army', 'el Yerushalayim' means 'to Jerusalem', 'vayatzaru' means 'and they besieged', 'aleha' means 'against it' or 'it'.
[JER.39.2] In the eighteenth year of Zedekiah, in the fourth month, on the ninth day of the month, the city was broken. [§]
Be'asté esreh shanah le-Tsidkiyahu ba-chodesh ha-revi'i be-tisha la-chodesh havqah ha-ir.
'Be'asté' means 'in the eighteenth', 'esreh' modifies 'eighth' to form 'eighteenth', 'shanah' means 'year', 'le-Tsidkiyahu' means 'of Zedekiah', 'ba-chodesh' means 'in the month', 'ha-revi'i' means 'the fourth', 'be-tisha' means 'on the ninth', 'la-chodesh' repeats 'of the month', 'havqah' means 'was broken', 'ha-ir' means 'the city'.
[JER.39.3] And all the princes of the king of Babylon came and sat in the middle gate; Nergal, chief of the eunuchs, Samgar the prophet, chief of the officials, chief officer, Nergal chief of the eunuchs, chief of the magi, and all the rest of the princes of the king of Babylon. [§]
Vayyavohu kol sarei melech-bavel vayyeshvu be-sha'ar ha-tavech nergal sar-etzer samgar-nevu sar-sekim rav-saris nergal sar-etzer rav-mag vechol-shearit sarei melech bavel.
'Vayyavohu' means 'and they came', 'kol' means 'all', 'sarei' means 'princes' or 'chiefs', 'melech' means 'king', 'bavel' means 'Babylon', 'vayyeshvu' means 'and they sat', 'be-sha'ar' means 'in the gate', 'ha-tavech' means 'the middle', 'nergal' is the name of a Babylonian deity, 'sar-etzer' means 'chief of the eunuchs', 'samgar' is a proper name, 'nevu' means 'prophet', 'sar-sekim' means 'chief of the officials', 'rav' means 'chief' or 'great', 'saris' means 'officer', 'rav-mag' means 'chief of the magi', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'shearite' means 'the rest', 'sarei' again means 'princes', 'melech bavel' means 'king of Babylon'.
[JER.39.4] And it was as Zedekiah king of Judah and all the men of the war saw, they fled and went out at night from the city by the way of the king's garden, at the gate between the two walls, and went out by the way of the desert. [§]
Vayehi ka'asher ra'am Tzidkiyahu melech Yehuda vechol anshei ha-milchamah vayiv'rchu vayetz'u layla min ha-ir derekh gan ha-melech be'sha'ar bein ha-chomotayim vayetz derekh ha-aravah.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'ra'am' means 'saw' (here idiomatically 'when'), 'Tzidkiyahu' is the personal name 'Zedekiah', 'melech' means 'king', 'Yehuda' means 'Judah', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'anshei' means 'men of', 'ha-milchamah' means 'the war' (i.e., the warriors), 'vayiv'rchu' means 'they fled', 'vayetzu' means 'they went out', 'layla' means 'at night', 'min' means 'from', 'ha-ir' means 'the city', 'derekh' means 'the way', 'gan' means 'garden', 'ha-melech' means 'of the king', 'be'sha'ar' means 'by the gate', 'bein' means 'between', 'ha-chomotayim' means 'the two walls', 'vayetz' means 'and they went out', 'derekh' means 'the way', 'ha-aravah' means 'the desert'.
[JER.39.5] And they pursued the army of the Kassites after them and caught Righteousness of Yah in the evenings of the valley, and they took him and lifted him up to Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, at Riblah in the land of Hamath, and he spoke judgments to him. [§]
vayyirdefu cheil-kassdim acharehem vayassigu et tzedekiyahu be'arbot yerecho vayikchu oto vayya'luhu el nebuchadrezar melech babel riblah be'eretz hamat vayadaber ito mishpatim.
'vayyirdefu' means 'they pursued', 'cheil-kassdim' means 'the army of the Kassites', 'acharehem' means 'after them', 'vayassigu' means 'they caught', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'tzedekiyahu' is a proper name composed of 'tzedek' (righteousness) and the divine name 'Yah' (the literal translation of YHVH), therefore it is rendered as 'Righteousness of Yah', 'be'arbot' means 'in the evenings', 'yerecho' means 'of the valley', 'vayikchu' means 'they took', 'oto' means 'him', 'vayya'luhu' means 'they lifted him up', 'el' means 'to', 'nebuchadrezar' is the name 'Nebuchadnezzar', 'melech' means 'king', 'babel' means 'Babylon', 'riblah' is a place name kept as is, 'be'eretz' means 'in the land of', 'hamat' is the region 'Hamath', 'vayadaber' means 'and he spoke', 'ito' means 'to him', and 'mishpatim' means 'judgments' or 'legal decisions'.
[JER.39.6] And the king of Babylon slaughtered the sons of Zedekiah at Riblah before his eyes, and also all the children of Judah the king of Babylon slaughtered. [§]
Vayishchat Melech Babel et-benei Tzidkiyahu beRiblah le-einav ve'et kol-chorei Yehudah shachat Melech Babel.
'Vayishchat' means 'and he slaughtered', 'Melech' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'benei' means 'the sons of', 'Tzidkiyahu' is the name 'Zedekiah', 'beRiblah' means 'at Riblah', 'le-einav' means 'before his eyes', 've'et' means 'and also', 'kol' means 'all', 'chorei' is understood as 'the children', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'shachat' means 'slaughtered'.
[JER.39.7] And the eyes of Zedekiah were blind, and he bound him with bronze chains to bring him to Babylon. [§]
Ve'et einay Tzedekiyahu iver vayasseruhu ba-nachushatayim lavi oto ba-velah.
'Ve'et' means 'and (object marker)', 'einay' means 'the eyes of', 'Tzedekiyahu' is the name 'Zedekiah', 'iver' means 'blind', 'vayasseruhu' means 'and he bound him', 'ba-nachushatayim' means 'with bronze [chains]', 'lavi' means 'to bring', 'oto' means 'him', 'ba-velah' means 'to Babylon'.
[JER.39.8] And the Chaldeans burned the king's house and the people's house with fire, and they broke down the walls of Jerusalem. [§]
ve-et beit ha-melekh ve-et beit ha-am sarefu ha-kashdim ba-esh ve-et chomot yerushalayim natasu.
've-et' means 'and the (object marker)', 'beit' means 'house', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'ha-am' means 'the people', 'sarefu' means 'they burned', 'ha-kashdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'ba-esh' means 'with fire', 'chomot' means 'walls', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'natasu' means 'they broke down'.
[JER.39.9] And the rest of the people who remained in the city and the fallen who fell upon it and the rest of the people who remained were exiled by NebuzarAdan the chief officer of Babylon. [§]
veet yeter haam hanisharim bair veet hanoflim asher naflu alav veet yder haam hanisharim hegla NebuzarAdan ravtabachim Babel
'veet' means 'and', 'yeter' means 'the rest', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hanisharim' means 'who remained', 'bair' means 'in the city', 'hanoflim' means 'the fallen', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'naflu' means 'fell', 'alav' means 'upon it/him', 'yder' is a repeat of 'yeter' meaning 'the rest', 'hegla' means 'were exiled' or 'were carried away', 'NebuzarAdan' is the proper name of the Babylonian officer, 'ravtabachim' means 'chief officer' or 'chief of the officers', 'Babel' means 'Babylon'.
[JER.39.10] And from the poor people who had no tribute, Nebuzaradan, chief of the cooks, in the land of Judah gave them vineyards and hills on that day. [§]
u min haam ha-dalim asher ein lahem meumah hishair Nebuzaradan rav tavachim be eretz Yehudah vayiten lahem kramim vi gevim ba yom ha hu.
"u" means "and", "min" means "from", "haam" means "the people", "ha-dalim" means "the poor", "asher" means "who/that", "ein" means "there is not", "lahem" means "to them", "meumah" means "a tribute or tax", "hishair" means "left" (as a verb), "Nebuzaradan" is a proper name of a Babylonian official, "rav" means "chief" or "great", "tavachim" means "cooks" (plural), "be" means "in", "eretz" means "land", "Yehudah" means "Judah", "vayiten" means "and he gave", "kramim" means "vineyards", "vi" means "and", "gevim" means "hills" or "elevations", "ba" means "in/on", "yom" means "day", "ha" means "the", "hu" means "that".
[JER.39.11] And Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon commanded concerning Jeremiah by the hand of Nebuzaradan the chief cook, saying: [§]
vayetza nebukadrezar melek-bavel al-yirmiyahu be-yad nebu'zaradan rav-tabachim le'emor
'vayetza' means 'and he commanded', 'nebukadrezar' is the name 'Nebuchadnezzar', 'melek-bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'al-yirmiyahu' means 'concerning Jeremiah', 'be-yad' means 'by the hand of', 'nebu'zaradan' is the name 'Nebuzaradan', 'rav-tabachim' means 'chief cook', 'le'emor' means 'to say'.
[JER.39.12] Take him and set your eyes upon him and do not do to him a terrible evil, for if as he will speak to you then do with him. [§]
kachenno ve'eneikha sim alav ve'al-ta'aseh lo me'uma ra ki im ka'asher yedaber eilekha ken a'se immo.
'kachenno' means 'take him', 've' means 'and', 'eneikha' means 'your eyes', 'sim' means 'place' or 'set', 'alav' means 'upon him', 've'al' means 'and do not', 'ta'aseh' means 'do', 'lo' means 'to him', 'me'uma' means 'terrible' or 'horrible', 'ra' means 'evil', 'ki' means 'for', 'im' means 'if', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'yedaber' means 'he speaks', 'eilekha' means 'to you', 'ken' means 'then', 'a'se' means 'do', 'immo' means 'with him'.
[JER.39.13] And he sent Nebuzaradan chief of the cooks and Nebushazzan chief of the officers and Nergal chief of the workers chief of the magicians and all the chief officials of the king of Babylon. [§]
Vayishlach Nebuzar'adan rav tavachim uNebushazzan rav saris veNergal sar etzer rav mag vechol rabbei melekh Babel.
'Vayishlach' means 'and he sent', 'Nebuzar'adan' is the proper name of the Babylonian official, 'rav tavachim' means 'chief of the cooks', 'u' means 'and', 'Nebushazzan' is another official's name, 'rav saris' means 'chief of the officers', 'veNergal' means 'and Nergal' (the name of a deity), 'sar etzer' means 'chief of the workers', 'rav mag' means 'chief of the magicians', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'rabbei' means 'chief officials', 'melekh' means 'king', and 'Babel' means 'Babylon'.
[JER.39.14] And they sent and took Jeremiah from the courtyard of the guard and gave him to Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan to bring him out to the house, and he dwelt among the people. [§]
Vayishlechu vayikkachu et Yirmeyahu mechatzar ha matara vayittenu oto el Gedalyahu ben Achikam ben Shaphan lehotzeihu el habayit vayyeshev betoch ha am.
'Vayishlechu' means 'and they sent', 'vayikkachu' means 'and they took', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'mechatzar' means 'from the courtyard', 'ha matara' means 'of the guard', 'vayittenu' means 'and they gave him', 'oto' means 'to him', 'el' means 'to', 'Gedalyahu' is the name Gedaliah, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Achikam' is the name Ahikam, 'ben' again 'son of', 'Shaphan' is the name Shaphan, 'lehotzeihu' means 'to bring him out', 'el' again 'to', 'habayit' means 'the house', 'vayyeshev' means 'and he dwelt', 'betoch' means 'among', 'ha am' means 'the people'.
[JER.39.15] And to Jeremiah was the word of Yahveh while he was confined in the courtyard of the matara, to say. [§]
ve'el Yirmiyahu hayah devar Yahveh biheyoto atzur bachatzar hamatarah le'emor.
've'el' means 'and to', 'Yirmiyahu' is the personal name Jeremiah, 'hayah' means 'was', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'biheyoto' means 'while he was', 'atzur' means 'confined' or 'restrained', 'bachatzar' means 'in the courtyard', 'hamatarah' is a proper place name referring to a specific courtyard, 'le'emor' means 'to say'.
[JER.39.16] Go and say to the servant of the king, the Kushite, thus says Yahveh of hosts, the Gods of Israel: Behold, I am bringing my word to this city for evil and not for good, and they shall be before you on that day. [§]
haloch ve'amarta le'eved-melekh haKushi le'emor koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael hineni mevi et-devarai el-ha'ir hazot le'ra'ah velo tovah ve'hayu lefanekha bayom hahu.
'haloch' means 'go', 've'amarta' means 'and you shall say', 'le'eved-melekh' means 'to the servant of the king', 'haKushi' means 'the Kushite', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' is the construct form of Elohim meaning 'the Gods of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'mevi' means 'bringing', 'et-devarai' means 'my word', 'el-ha'ir' means 'to the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'le'ra'ah' means 'for evil', 'velo' means 'and not', 'tovah' means 'good', 've'hayu' means 'and they shall be', 'lefanekha' means 'before you', 'bayom' means 'on the day', 'hahu' means 'that day'.
[JER.39.17] And I will save you on that day, says Yahveh, and you shall not be handed over to the men before whom you will stumble. [§]
vehitzalticha bayom-hahu ne'um Yahveh v'lo tinaten be'yad ha'anashim asher atta yagor mip'neihem.
've' means 'and', 'hitzalticha' means 'I will save you', 'bayom-hahu' means 'on that day', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'v'lo' means 'and not', 'tinaten' means 'you will give/hand over', 'be'yad' means 'into the hand of', 'ha'anashim' means 'the men/people', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'atta' means 'you', 'yagor' means 'you will stumble/fall', 'mip'neihem' means 'before them'.
[JER.39.18] For I will rescue you and you will not fall by the sword, and it will be to you your soul as plunder, because you have trusted in me declares Yahveh. [§]
Ki malet amalletkha uvahereb lo tipol vehayetah lekha nafshkha leshalal ki-batachta bi neum Yahveh.
'Ki' means 'for', 'malet' means 'I will rescue', 'amalletkha' means 'I will rescue you', 'uvahereb' means 'and by the sword', 'lo' means 'not', 'tipol' means 'you will fall', 'vehayetah' means 'and it will be', 'lekha' means 'to you', 'nafshkha' means 'your soul', 'leshalal' means 'as plunder', 'ki-batachta' means 'because you have trusted', 'bi' means 'in me', 'neum' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' means the name of the LORD.
JER.40
[JER.40.1] The word which was to Jeremiah from Yahveh after Nebuzaradan, chief baker from the heights, sent him; I took him and he was seized in the pits among all the exile of Jerusalem and Judah, the exiles in Babylon. [§]
Hadavar asher haya el Yirmeyahu me'et Yahveh achar shalach oto Nebuzaradan rav-tabachim min harama bekachto oto vehu asur bazikim betoch kol galut Yerushalayim viYehudah hamuglim baBela.
'Hadavar' means 'the word'; 'asher' means 'that/which'; 'haya' means 'was'; 'el' means 'to' (here part of the phrase 'to Jeremiah'); 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah; 'me'et' means 'from'; 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH; 'achar' means 'after'; 'shalach' means 'sent'; 'oto' means 'him/it'; 'Nebuzaradan' is a proper name; 'rav-tabachim' means 'chief baker' (literally 'great of bakers'); 'min' means 'from'; 'harama' means 'the heights'; 'bekachto' means 'I took him'; 'vehhu' means 'and he'; 'asur' means 'was captured/seized'; 'bazikim' means 'in the pits'; 'betoch' means 'within'; 'kol' means 'all'; 'galut' means 'exile'; 'Yerushalayim' is Jerusalem; 'viYehudah' means 'and Judah'; 'hamuglim' means 'the exiles'; 'baBela' means 'in Babylon'.
[JER.40.2] And he took many cooks to Jeremiah and said to him, Yahveh your God spoke of this disaster to this place. [§]
Vayikach rav-tabbachim leYirmiyahu vayomer elav Yahveh Elohecha diber et-hara'ah hazot el-hamakom hazeh.
'Vayikach' means 'and he took', 'rav-tabbachim' means 'many cooks', 'leYirmiyahu' means 'to Jeremiah', 'vayomer' means 'and he said', 'elav' means 'to him', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Elohecha' means 'your God', 'diber' means 'spoke', 'et-hara'ah' means 'the disaster', 'hazot' means 'this', 'el-hamakom' means 'to the place', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.40.3] And Yahveh brought and did as he said, because you have sinned against Yahveh and have not listened to his voice, and this matter will be for you. [§]
Vayyave vayyash Yahveh ka'asher diber ki‑chatatem laYahveh velo‑shmaten beqolo vehayah lachem davar hazeh.
'Vayyave' means 'and he brought', 'vayyash' means 'and he did', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ka'asher' means 'as' or 'just as', 'diber' means 'he said', 'ki' means 'because', 'chatatem' means 'you have sinned', 'laYahveh' means 'against Yahveh', 'velo‑shmaten' means 'and you have not listened', 'beqolo' means 'to his voice', 'vehayah' means 'and it will be', 'lachem' means 'to you', 'davar' means 'matter' or 'thing', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.40.4] Now, behold, I have opened you today from the strong ones who are at your hand. If it is good in your eyes to go with me to Babylon, come, and I will set my eye upon you; and if it is evil in your eyes to go with me to Babylon, stay. See all the earth before you, to the good and to the straight in your eyes, to go there, go. [§]
veatah hineh pitachticha hayom min-haazqim asher al-yadecha im tov beinecha lavo itti babel bo veashim et eini alicha veim ra beinecha lavo itti babel chadal raeh kol haaretz lefanecha el tov veel hayashar beinecha lalekhet shamma lekh.
'veatah' means 'now', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'pitachticha' means 'I have opened you', 'hayom' means 'today', 'min' means 'from', 'haazqim' means 'the strong ones', 'asher' means 'who', 'al' means 'on' or 'upon', 'yadecha' means 'your hand', 'im' means 'if', 'tov' means 'good', 'beinecha' means 'in your eyes', 'lavo' means 'to come', 'itti' means 'with me', 'babel' means 'Babylon', 'bo' means 'come', 'veashim' means 'and I will set', 'et' is a particle marking the direct object, 'eini' means 'my eye', 'alicha' means 'upon you', 'veim' means 'and if', 'ra' means 'evil', 'lavo' again 'to come', 'chadal' means 'stay' or 'halt', 'raeh' means 'see', 'kol' means 'all', 'haaretz' means 'the land/earth', 'lefanecha' means 'before you', 'el' means 'to', 'tov' again 'good', 'veel' means 'and to', 'hayashar' means 'the straight/right', 'lalekhet' means 'to go', 'shamma' means 'there', 'lekh' means 'go'. No divine name appears in this verse, so no special translation of a name is required.
[JER.40.5] And still he will not return, and return to Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan, who was appointed by the king of Babylon over the cities of Judah, and he sat with him among the people, or to all the upright in your eyes to go, go, and he gave him many cooks, a feast and a load, and he sent him. [§]
veodennu lo-yashuv veshubah el-Gedalya ben-Achikam ben-Shaphan asher hepkid melech-Bavel bearei Yehudah veshav ito betoch haam o el-kol-hayashar be-einecha lalekhet lekh vayiten-lo rav-tabbachim arucha umas'et vayeshalchehu.
"veodennu" means "and still", "lo-yashuv" means "will not return", "veshubah" means "and return", "el-Gedalya" means "to Gedaliah", "ben-Achikam" means "son of Ahikam", "ben-Shaphan" means "son of Shaphan", "asher" means "who", "hepkid" means "appointed", "melech-Bavel" means "king of Babylon", "bearei" means "in the cities of", "Yehudah" means "Judah", "veshav" means "and sit/settle", "ito" means "with him", "betoch" means "among/inside", "haam" means "the people", "o" means "or", "el-kol-hayashar" means "to all the upright", "be-einecha" means "in your eyes", "lalekhet" means "to go", "lekh" means "go", "vayiten-lo" means "and gave him", "rav-tabbachim" means "many cooks", "arucha" means "a feast", "umas'et" means "and a burden/load", "vayeshalchehu" means "and sent him".
[JER.40.6] Jeremiah came to Gedaliah son of Ahikam the governor and dwelt with him among the people who remain in the land. [§]
Vayyavo Yirmeyahu el Gedalyah ben Ahikam ha-mitzpah vayyeshev ito betoch ha-am ha-nisharim ba-aretz.
'Vayyavo' means 'and he came', 'Yirmeyahu' is the personal name Jeremiah, 'el' means 'to', 'Gedalyah' is the personal name Gedaliah, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Ahikam' is the personal name Ahikam, 'ha-mitzpah' means 'the governor' (literally 'the overseer'), 'vayyeshev' means 'and he dwelt', 'ito' means 'with him', 'betoch' means 'among' or 'in the midst of', 'ha-am' means 'the people', 'ha-nisharim' means 'the remaining' (those who remain), 'ba-aretz' means 'in the land'.
[JER.40.7] All the chiefs of the young men who were in the field, and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had appointed Gedaliah son of Ahikam in the land, and that with him he had appointed men, women, children, and the poor of the land from those who had not fled to Babylon. [§]
vayishmeu kol-sarei ha-chayalim asher ba-sade hemmah ve-anashyehem ki hifkid melech-bavel et-gedalyahu ben-akhikam ba-aretz ve-ki hifkid ito anashim ve-nashim va-taf u-middalat ha-aretz me-asher lo hagnu ba-bavalah
'vayishmeu' means 'and they heard', 'kol' means 'all', 'sarei' means 'chiefs of', 'ha-chayalim' means 'the young men' or 'the soldiers', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'ba-sade' means 'in the field', 'hemmah' means 'they', 've-anashyehem' means 'and their men', 'ki' means 'because' or 'that', 'hifkid' means 'appointed', 'melech-bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'et' is an accusative marker, 'gedalyahu' means 'Gedaliah', 'ben-akhikam' means 'son of Ahikam', 'ba-aretz' means 'in the land', 've-ki' means 'and because', 'hifkid' again means 'appointed', 'ito' means 'with him', 'anashim' means 'men', 've-nashim' means 'and women', 'va-taf' means 'and children', 'u-middalat' means 'and the poor', 'ha-aretz' means 'of the land', 'me-asher' means 'from which', 'lo' means 'not', 'hagnu' means 'they fled', 'ba-bavalah' means 'to Babylon'.
[JER.40.8] And they came to Gedaliah the governor, and Ishmael son of Nethaniah, and Johanan and Jonathan sons of Kareah, and Serayah son of Tanchumet, and the sons of Ephai the Netophathite, and Zanyahu son of the Ma'akhti, they and their men. [§]
vayavoo el Gedalya ha-mitzpatah ve-Yishmael ben-Nethanyahu ve-Yochanan ve-Yonatan b'nei-Kareach ve-Serayah ben-Tanchumet u-b'nei-Ephai ha-Netophati vi-Zanyahu ben-ha-Ma'akhti hemmah ve-ansheihem.
'vayavoo' means 'and they came', 'el' means 'to', 'Gedalya' is a personal name, 'ha-mitzpatah' means 'the governor', 've-Yishmael' means 'and Ishmael', 'ben-Nethanyahu' means 'son of Nethaniah', 've-Yochanan' means 'and Johanan', 've-Yonatan' means 'and Jonathan', 'b'nei-Kareach' means 'sons of Kareah', 've-Serayah' means 'and Serayah', 'ben-Tanchumet' means 'son of Tanchumet', 'u-b'nei-Ephai' means 'and the sons of Ephai', 'ha-Netophati' means 'the Netophathite', 'vi-Zanyahu' means 'and Zanyahu', 'ben-ha-Ma'akhti' means 'son of the Ma'akhti', 'hemmah' means 'they', 've-ansheihem' means 'and their men'.
[JER.40.9] And Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan swore to their men, saying, Do not be afraid of the servants of the Chaldeans; settle in the land and serve the king of Babylon, and it will be well for you. [§]
vayishave lahem gedalyahu ben-akhikam ben-shaphan ulenash ehem lemor al-tir u meavod ha-kashdim shvu ba-aretz ve-ivdu et-melekh babel ve-yitav lachem
'vayishave' means 'and he swore', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'gedalyahu' is the personal name 'Gedaliah', 'ben-akhikam' means 'son of Ahikam', 'ben-shaphan' means 'son of Shaphan', 'ulenash' means 'and to their men', 'ehem' means 'them', 'lemor' means 'to say', 'al-tir' means 'do not be afraid', 'meavod' means 'of the servants', 'ha-kashdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'shvu' means 'settle', 'ba-aretz' means 'in the land', 've-ivdu' means 'and serve', 'et-melekh' means 'the king', 'babel' means 'Babylon', 've-yitav' means 'and it will be well', 'lachem' means 'for you'.
[JER.40.10] And I, behold, I sit in the watchtower to stand before the Chaldeans who will come to us, and you gather wine and summer and oil and place them in your vessels, and dwell in your cities which you have seized. [§]
V'ani hineni yosev ba-mitzpah la-amod lifnei ha-kashdim asher yavo'u e-lenu ve-atem isfu yayin ve-kayitz ve-shemen ve-simu bikhleikhem u-shevu be-areikhem asher-tefasteim.
'V'ani' means 'and I', 'hineni' means 'behold' or 'here I am', 'yosev' means 'sit' or 'remain', 'ba-mitzpah' means 'in the watchtower', 'la-amod' means 'to stand', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'ha-kashdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'asher' means 'who', 'yavo'u' means 'will come', 'e-lenu' means 'to us', 've-atem' means 'and you', 'isfu' means 'gather', 'yayin' means 'wine', 've-kayitz' means 'and summer' (a term for ripe grain or season), 've-shemen' means 'and oil', 've-simu' means 'and place', 'bikhleikhem' means 'in your vessels', 'u-shevu' means 'and dwell', 'be-areikhem' means 'in your cities', 'asher-tefasteim' means 'which you have seized' or 'that you have taken by force'.
[JER.40.11] And also all the Jews who were in Moab and in the children of Ammon and in Edom and who in all the lands heard that the king of Babylon gave a remnant to Judah and that he appointed over them Gedaliah son of Achikam son of Shaphan. [§]
vegam kol-hayehudim asher-beMoab uviBnei-Amon uveEdom va'asher bechol-ha'aratzot shamu ki-natan melech-Babel she'erit liYehudah vechi hifkid aleihem et Gedalyahu ben-Achikam ben-Shaphan.
'vegam' means 'and also', 'kol-hayehudim' means 'all the Jews', 'asher-beMoab' means 'who [were] in Moab', 'uviBnei-Amon' means 'and in the children of Ammon', 'uveEdom' means 'and in Edom', 'va'asher bechol-ha'aratzot' means 'and who in all the lands', 'shamu' means 'heard', 'ki-natan' means 'that gave', 'melech-Babel' means 'king of Babylon', 'she'erit' means 'remnant', 'liYehudah' means 'to Judah', 'vechi hifkid' means 'and that he appointed', 'aleihem' means 'over them', 'et Gedalyahu' means 'Gedaliah', 'ben-Achikam' means 'son of Achikam', 'ben-Shaphan' means 'son of Shaphan'.
[JER.40.12] And all the Jews turned back from all the places where they had been exiled, and they came to the land of Judah to Great Yahveh the watchtower, and they gathered much wine and summer fruit, exceedingly. [§]
Vayashuvu kol-hayehudim mikol hamekomot asher nidchu-sham vayavu eretz-yehuda el-gedalyahu hamitzpah vayyasfu yayin veqayitz harbeh meod.
'Vayashuvu' means 'and they turned back', 'kol' means 'all', 'hayehudim' means 'the Jews', 'mikol' means 'from all', 'hamekomot' means 'the places', 'asher' means 'that/where', 'nidchu' means 'they were exiled', 'sham' means 'there', 'vayavu' means 'and they came', 'eretz-yehuda' means 'the land of Judah', 'el' means 'to', 'gedalyahu' is a personal name composed of 'gedal' (great) and 'yahu' (a form of YHVH, translated as Yahveh), thus 'Great Yahveh', 'hamitzpah' means 'the watchtower', 'vayyasfu' means 'and they gathered', 'yayin' means 'wine', 'veqayitz' means 'and summer fruit', 'harbeh' means 'much/greatly', 'meod' means 'very' or 'exceedingly'.
[JER.40.13] And Yochanan son of Qareach and all the chiefs of the horsemen who were in the field came to Gedaliah the lookout. [§]
veYochanan ben-Qareach vechol sarei ha-chayalim asher basadeh ba'u el-Gedalyahu ha-mitzpatah.
'veYochanan' means 'and Yochanan', 'ben-Qareach' means 'son of Qareach', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'sarei' means 'chiefs', 'ha-chayalim' means 'of the horsemen', 'asher' means 'who', 'basadeh' means 'in the field', 'ba'u' means 'they came', 'el' means 'to', 'Gedalyahu' means 'Gedaliah', 'ha-mitzpatah' means 'the lookout'.
[JER.40.14] And they said to him, 'Do you know that Baal is king of the children of Ammon, who sent Ishmael son of Netanyah to strike you down, and they did not believe them, Great Yahveh son of Ahikam.' [§]
Vayomeru elav hayado'a teda ki ba'alis melekh b'nei Ammon shalach et Yishma'el ben Netanyah lehakotkha nefesh velo he'emin lahem Gedalyahu ben Achikam.
'Vayomeru' means 'they said', 'elav' means 'to him', 'hayado'a' means 'do you know', 'teda' means 'you will know', 'ki' means 'that', 'ba'alis' is a proper name meaning 'Baal is', 'melekh' means 'king', 'b'nei Ammon' means 'of the children of Ammon', 'shalach' means 'sent', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'Yishma'el' is a personal name meaning 'God will hear', 'ben Netanyah' means 'son of Netanyah', 'lehakotkha' means 'to strike you', 'nefesh' means 'to death', 'velo he'emin' means 'and they did not believe', 'lahem' means 'them', 'Gedalyahu' is a personal name composed of 'Gedal' (great) and 'Yahu' (short for Yahveh, the divine name YHVH, here translated as Yahveh), so it means 'Great Yahveh', and 'ben Achikam' means 'son of Ahikam'. The divine name element 'Yahu' in Gedalyahu is rendered as 'Yahveh' according to the rule for YHVH.
[JER.40.15] And Yochanan son of Qareach said to Gedaliah in secret in the watch, saying, 'Let me now go and strike Ishmael son of Natanyah, and no one will know why he will strike you; the soul will be broken and all Judah who are gathered to you will be lost, and the remnant of Judah will be lost.' [§]
veYochanan ben-Qareach amar el-Gedalyahu baseter bamitzpah le'emor elecha na ve'acheh et-Yishmael ben-Natanyah ve'ish lo yada lamah yakkecha nefesh ve'nafotsu kol-yehudah hanikbatzim eleikha ve'avadah she'erit Yehudah.
'veYochanan' means 'and Yochanan', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Qareach' is a proper name, 'amar' means 'said', 'el' here is the preposition 'to' (not the divine name), 'Gedalyahu' is a proper name, 'baseter' means 'in secret', 'bamitzpah' means 'in the watch', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'elecha' means 'let me go', 'na' is a polite particle 'please', 've'acheh' means 'and I will strike', 'et' is an accusative marker, 'Yishmael' is a proper name, 'ben-Natanyah' means 'son of Natanyah', 've'ish' means 'and a man', 'lo' means 'no', 'yada' means 'knows', 'lamah' means 'why', 'yakkecha' means 'will strike you', 'nefesh' means 'soul', 've'nafotsu' means 'and they will be broken', 'kol-yehudah' means 'all Judah', 'hanikbatzim' means 'the gathered', 'eleikha' means 'to you', 've'avadah' means 'and will be lost', 'she'erit' means 'remnant', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah'. No divine name appears in this verse, so no special translation of a name of God is required.
[JER.40.16] And Gedalya son of Achikam said to Yochanan son of Kareach, 'Do not do this thing, for you are speaking falsehood to Ishmael.' [§]
Vayomer Gedalya ben Achikam el Yochanan ben Kareach al ta'aseh et ha-davar ha-zeh ki sheker attah dovar el Yishmael.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Gedalya' is a personal name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Achikam' is a personal name, 'el' means 'to', 'Yochanan' is a personal name, 'ben' again 'son of', 'Kareach' is a personal name, 'al' means 'do not', 'ta'aseh' means 'you do', 'et' is a particle marking the direct object, 'ha-davar' means 'the thing', 'ha-zeh' means 'this', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'sheker' means 'falsehood' or 'lie', 'attah' means 'you', 'dovar' means 'are speaking', 'el' means 'to', 'Yishmael' is the name Ishmael.
JER.41
[JER.41.1] And it happened in the seventh month that Ishmael son of Netanya son of Elishama of the royal household, and the princes of the king, and ten men with him, went to Gedaliah son of Ahikam the governor, and they ate there bread together in the governor's house. [§]
Va-yehi ba-chodesh ha-shevi'i ba Yishma'el ben-Natanyah ben-Elishama mi-zer'a ha-melucha ve-rabbei ha-melekh ve-asara anashim ito el-Gedalyahu ben-Ahikam ha-mitzpatah va-yo'khelu sham lechem yachdav ba-mitzpah.
'Va-yehi' means 'and it happened', 'ba-chodesh' means 'in the month', 'ha-shevi'i' means 'the seventh', 'ba' is a preposition 'in', 'Yishma'el' is a personal name 'Ishmael', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Natanyah' and 'Elishama' are personal names, 'mi-zer'a' means 'from the seed/descendant of', 'ha-melucha' means 'the royal household', 've-rabbei' means 'and the princes', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 've-asara' means 'and ten', 'anashim' means 'men', 'ito' means 'with him', 'el' means 'to', 'Gedalyahu' is a personal name 'Gedaliah', 'ben-Ahikam' means 'son of Ahikam', 'ha-mitzpatah' means 'the governor', 'va-yo'khelu' means 'and they ate', 'sham' means 'there', 'lechem' means 'bread', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'ba-mitzpah' means 'in the governor's house'.
[JER.41.2] And Ishmael son of Natanya and the ten men who were with him struck Gedaliah son of Achikam son of Shaphan with the sword and killed him, who the king of Babylon had appointed over the land. [§]
Vayakam Yishma'el ben-Natanya ve'aseret ha-anashim asher hayu ito vayaku et-Gedalya hu ben-Achikam ben-Shaphan ba-cherev vayamet oto asher hifkid Melech-Babel ba'aretz.
'Vayakam' means 'and rose/stood up', 'Yishma'el' is the name Ishmael, 'ben-Natanya' means 'son of Natanya', 've'aseret' means 'and ten', 'ha-anashim' means 'the men', 'asher' means 'who', 'hayu' means 'were', 'ito' means 'with him', 'vayaku' means 'they struck', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'Gedalya hu' means 'Gedaliah son of', 'ben-Achikam' means 'son of Achikam', 'ben-Shaphan' means 'son of Shaphan', 'ba-cherev' means 'with the sword', 'vayamet' means 'and killed', 'oto' means 'him', 'asher' again means 'who', 'hifkid' means 'appointed', 'Melech-Babel' means 'king of Babylon', 'ba'aretz' means 'in the land'.
[JER.41.3] And all the Jews who were with him, Gedaliah, at the watch, and the Chaldeans who were found there, the men of war, Ishmael struck. [§]
Ve'et kol-hayeyehudim asher hayu ito et-Gedalyahu bamitzpah ve'et-hakassdim asher nimtseu sham et anshei hamilchamah hikkah Yishmael.
'Ve'et' means 'and' (the Hebrew object marker), 'kol-hayeyehudim' means 'all the Jews', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'hayu' means 'were', 'ito' means 'with him', 'et-Gedalyahu' is the proper name 'Gedaliah' preceded by the object marker, 'bamitzpah' means 'in the watchtower' or 'at the lookout', 've'et-hakassdim' means 'and the Chaldeans', 'nimtseu' means 'were found', 'sham' means 'there', 'et anshei hamilchamah' means 'the men of war' or 'the warriors', 'hikkah' means 'struck' or 'smote', and 'Yishmael' is the proper name 'Ishmael'.
[JER.41.4] It happened on the second day that Gedaliah was killed, and no one knew. [§]
Vayehi bayom hasheni lehamit et Gedalyahu ve'ish lo yada.
'Vayehi' means 'and it happened', 'bayom' means 'on the day', 'hasheni' means 'the second', 'lehamit' means 'to kill', 'et' is the accusative marker (no direct English equivalent), 'Gedalyahu' is the personal name 'Gedaliah', 've'ish' means 'and a man' or 'and no one' depending on context, 'lo' means 'not' or 'no', 'yada' means 'knew'. The phrase 've'ish lo yada' is idiomatic for 'and no one knew'.
[JER.41.5] And the men came from Shkhem, from Shilo and from Shomron, eight men, bald-headed, torn clothes, barefoot, with offerings and frankincense in their hands to bring to the house of Yahveh. [§]
Vayyavohu anashim mishkem mishlo umishmoron shmoneim ish megulchei zaken ukeru'ei vegadim u-mitgodedim u-mincha u-levona be-yadam le-havi beit Yahveh.
'Vayyavohu' means 'and they came', 'anashim' means 'men', 'mishkem' means 'from Shkhem', 'mishlo' means 'from Shilo', 'umishmoron' means 'and from Shomron', 'shmoneim' means 'eight', 'ish' means 'men', 'megulchei' means 'bald-headed', 'zaken' means 'old', 'ukeru'ei' means 'torn', 'vegadim' means 'clothes', 'u-mitgodedim' means 'barefoot', 'u-mincha' means 'offering', 'u-levona' means 'frankincense', 'be-yadam' means 'in their hand', 'le-havi' means 'to bring', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.41.6] And Ishmael son of Nethanyah went out to meet them from the north, walking, walking and weeping; and when he met them he said to them, 'Come to Gedalyahu son of Ahikam.' [§]
Vayetse Yishma'el ben-Nethanyah likra'atham min-hamitzpah holech haloch uvoheh vayhi kipgosh otam vayomer aleihem bo'u el-Gedalyahu ben-Ahikam.
'Vayetse' means 'and he went out', 'Yishma'el' is a personal name meaning 'God hears', 'ben-Nethanyah' means 'son of Nethanyah', 'likra'atham' means 'to meet them', 'min-hamitzpah' means 'from the north', 'holech haloch' means 'walking, walking', 'uvoheh' means 'and weeping', 'vayhi' means 'and it happened', 'kipgosh' means 'when he met', 'otam' means 'them', 'vayomer' means 'and he said', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'bo'u' means 'come', 'el-Gedalyahu' means 'to Gedalyahu', 'ben-Ahikam' means 'son of Ahikam'.
[JER.41.7] And it was, as they came into the middle of the city, he slaughtered them, Ishmael son of Netanya, into the middle of the pit, he and the men who were with him. [§]
vayehi kevoam el tokh hair vayishchatem Yishmael ben Netanyah el tokh habor hu vehaanashim asher ito.
'vayehi' means 'and it was', 'kevoam' means 'as they came', 'el' means 'to', 'tokh' means 'the middle/inside', 'hair' means 'the city', 'vayishchatem' means 'and he slaughtered them', 'Yishmael' means 'Ishmael', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Netanyah' means 'Netanya', 'habor' means 'the pit', 'hu' means 'he', 'vehaanashim' means 'and the men', 'asher' means 'who', 'ito' means 'with him'.
[JER.41.8] And ten men were found among them, and they said to Ishmael, Do not kill us, for we have grains in the field, wheat and barley and oil and honey; and he ceased, and he did not kill them among their brothers. [§]
Va'asarah anashim nimtzeu bam vayomru el Yishmael al temitenu ki yesh lanu matmonim basade chittim u'se'orim v'shemen u'devash vayechdal v'lo hemitam betoch achihem.
'Va'asarah' means 'and ten', 'anashim' means 'men', 'nimtzeu' means 'were found', 'bam' means 'among them', 'vayomru' means 'and they said', 'el' means 'to', 'Yishmael' is the proper name 'Ishmael', 'al' means 'do not', 'temitenu' means 'kill us', 'ki' means 'because', 'yesh' means 'there is', 'lanu' means 'to us', 'matmonim' means 'grains', 'basade' means 'in the field', 'chittim' means 'wheat', 'u'se'orim' means 'and barley', 'v'shemen' means 'and oil', 'u'devash' means 'and honey', 'vayechdal' means 'and he ceased', 'v'lo' means 'and not', 'hemitam' means 'he killed them', 'betoch' means 'among', 'achihem' means 'their brothers'.
[JER.41.9] And the pit that Ishmael cast there took all the fragments of the men that he struck with the hand of Gedaliah; he is the one who made the king Asa because of Baasha king of Israel, him full of Ishmael son of Netanyah dead bodies. [§]
vehabor asher hishliach sham Yishmael et kol-pigre ha'anashim asher hi'kah b'yad-gedalya hu asher asah ha-melekh Asa mipnei Ba'asha melek Yisrael oto milei Yishmael ben-Netanyahu chalalim.
'vehabor' means 'and the pit', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'hishliach' means 'he cast/threw', 'sham' means 'there', 'Yishmael' is the personal name 'Ishmael', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol-pigre' means 'all the fragments', 'ha'anashim' means 'of the men', 'asher' again means 'who/that', 'hi'kah' means 'he struck', 'b'yad-gedalya' means 'with the hand of Gedaliah', 'hu' means 'he', 'asher' means 'who', 'asah' means 'made/did', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Asa' is the personal name 'Asa', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'Ba'asha' is the personal name 'Baasha', 'melek Yisrael' means 'king of Israel', 'oto' means 'him/it', 'milei' means 'full', 'Yishmael ben-Netanyahu' means 'Ishmael son of Netanyah', 'chalalim' means 'dead bodies' or 'remnants'.
[JER.41.10] And Ishmael saw all the remnant of the people who were in the watchtower, the daughters of the king, and all the people who remained in the watchtower, whom Nebuzardan, chief cook, had placed over Gedalyahu son of Achikam. And Ishmael broke the son of Nethanyah, and he went to pass to the sons of Ammon. [§]
Vayishbeh Ishmael et-kol-shearit ha-am asher ba-mitzpah et-bnot ha-melekh ve-et kol ha-am ha-nisherim ba-mitzpah asher hafqid Nevuzardan rav-tabachim et-Gedalyahu ben-Achikam vayishbem Ishmael ben-Nethanyah vayelekh la-avor el-benei Amon.
'Vayishbeh' means 'and saw', 'Ishmael' is the personal name, 'et' is the accusative marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'shearit' means 'remnant', 'ha-am' means 'the people', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'ba-mitzpah' means 'in the watchtower', 'et-bnot' means 'the daughters', 'ha-melekh' means 'of the king', 've-et' means 'and', 'kol' again 'all', 'ha-am' again 'the people', 'ha-nisherim' means 'who remained', 'asher' again, 'hafqid' means 'appointed/placed', 'Nevuzardan' is the name of the Babylonian official, 'rav-tabachim' means 'chief cook', 'et-Gedalyahu' means 'Gedalyahu', 'ben-Achikam' means 'son of Achikam', 'vayishbem' means 'and broke', 'Ishmael' repeats the name, 'ben-Nethanyah' means 'son of Nethanyah', 'vayelekh' means 'and he went', 'la-avor' means 'to pass', 'el-benei' means 'to the sons of', 'Amon' is the nation Ammon.
[JER.41.11] And Jonathan the bald one heard, and all the princes of the soldiers who were with him, the whole evil that Ishmael son of Nethanyah had done. [§]
Vayishma Yochanan ben-Kareach vechol-sarei hachiyalim asher ito et kol-haraah asher asa Yishmael ben-Nethanyah.
'Vayishma' means 'and he heard', 'Yochanan' is a proper name meaning 'Jonathan', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Kareach' is a proper name meaning 'the bald one', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'sarei' means 'princes' or 'chiefs', 'hachiyalim' means 'of the soldiers' or 'of the troops', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'ito' means 'with him', 'et' is a direct object marker (no English equivalent), 'kol' means 'all' or 'the whole', 'haraah' means 'evil' or 'harm', 'asah' means 'he did' or 'he made', 'Yishmael' is a proper name meaning 'Ishmael', 'ben' again 'son of', 'Nethanyah' is a proper name.
[JER.41.12] And they took all the men and went to fight with Ishmael son of Nathaniah and they found him at the great waters that are in Gibeon. [§]
vayyikchu et-kol ha-anashim vayelchu le-hilachem im Yishmael ben Netanyah vayimtz'u oto el-mayim rabbim asher be-Givon.
'vayyikchu' means 'and they took', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-anashim' means 'the men', 'vayelchu' means 'and they went', 'le-hilachem' means 'to fight', 'im' means 'with', 'Yishmael' is the name 'Ishmael', 'ben' means 'son', 'Netanyah' is the name 'Nathaniah', 'vayimtz'u' means 'and they found', 'oto' means 'him', 'el' means 'to', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'rabbim' means 'many' or 'great', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'be-Givon' means 'in Gibeon'.
[JER.41.13] And it came to pass when all the people who saw Ishmael, Yochanan son of Kareach, and all the princes of the young men who were with him, rejoiced. [§]
vayehi kirot kol ha'am asher et Yishmael et Yochanan ben Kareach ve'et kol sarei hachayalim asher ito vayismachu.
'vayehi' means 'and it was' or 'and it came to pass', 'kirot' means 'when (he) saw', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'et' is a direct object marker (no translation), 'Yishmael' is the name 'Ishmael', the second 'et' is again a direct object marker, 'Yochanan' is the name 'Yochanan', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Kareach' is the name 'Kareach', 've'et' means 'and also' (with et as object marker), 'kol' means 'all', 'sarei' means 'princes of', 'hachayalim' means 'the young men' (literally 'the youths'), 'asher' means 'who', 'ito' means 'with him', 'vayismachu' means 'and they rejoiced'.
[JER.41.14] All the people who had been of Ishmael turned back from the south, and they returned and went to Jochenan son of Kareach. [§]
Vayassobu kol-haam asher-shava Yishmael min-hamitzpa vayashuvu vayelchu el-Yochanan ben-Kareach.
'Vayassobu' means 'and they turned around', 'kol' means 'all', 'haam' means 'the people', 'asher' means 'who', 'shava' means 'had been', 'Yishmael' is the personal name 'Ishmael', 'min' means 'from', 'hamitzpa' means 'the south', 'vayashuvu' means 'and they returned', 'vayelchu' means 'and they went', 'el' means 'to', 'Yochanan' is the personal name 'Jochenan', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Kareach' is the personal name 'Kareach'.
[JER.41.15] And Ishmael son of Natanya escaped with eight men because of John and went to the sons of Ammon. [§]
VeYishma'el ben-Natanya nimlat bishmona anashim mipnei Yochanan vayelech el-b'nei Amon.
'VeYishma'el' means 'and Ishmael', 'ben-Natanya' means 'son of Natanya', 'nimlat' means 'escaped', 'bishmona' means 'with eight' (literally 'by eight'), 'anashim' means 'men', 'mipnei' means 'because of' or 'in front of', 'Yochanan' means 'John', 'vayelech' means 'and went', 'el-b'nei' means 'to the sons', 'Amon' means 'Ammon'.
[JER.41.16] And Yohanan son of Kareach took, and all the chiefs of the soldiers who were with him, all the remaining people who had been brought back from Ishmael son of Netanyah from the watchtower, after he struck Gedalya son of Achikam: men, women, children, and maidens who had been brought back from Gibeon. [§]
Vayikach Yohanan ben-Kareach vechol-sarei hachayalim asher-itto et kol-she'erit ha'am asher heshiv me'et Yishmael ben-Netanyah min hamitzpah achar hikkah et Gedalya ben-Achikam gevarim anshei hamilchamah ve-nashim ve-taf ve-sarisim asher heshiv migiv'on.
'Vayikach' means 'and took', 'Yohanan' is a personal name, 'ben-Kareach' means 'son of Kareach', 'vechol-sarei' means 'and all the chiefs', 'hachayalim' means 'of the soldiers', 'asher-itto' means 'who were with him', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'kol-she'erit' means 'all the remainder', 'ha'am' means 'of the people', 'asher' means 'who', 'heshiv' means 'had been brought back', 'me'et' means 'from', 'Yishmael ben-Netanyah' is a personal name, 'min hamitzpah' means 'from the watchtower', 'achar' means 'after', 'hikkah' means 'he struck', 'et Gedalya ben-Achikam' is a personal name, 'gevarim' means 'men', 'anshei hamilchamah' means 'men of war' (i.e., warriors), 've-nashim' means 'and women', 've-taf' means 'and children', 've-sarisim' means 'and maidens', 'asher heshiv' means 'who had been brought back', 'migiv'on' means 'from Gibeon'.
[JER.41.17] And they went and dwelt in the sojourning place as they had, which was beside the house of bread, to go and come to Egypt. [§]
Vayelechu vayeshvu begerut kimvoham asher-etzel beit lechem lalekhet lavo mitzrayim.
'Vayelechu' means 'and they went', 'vayeshvu' means 'and they dwelt', 'begeirut' means 'in the sojourning place', 'kimvoham' means 'as they [had it]' (literally 'like their'), 'asher-etzel' means 'which is beside/near', 'beit' means 'house', 'lechem' means 'bread', 'lalekhet' means 'to go', 'lavo' means 'to come', 'mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'.
[JER.41.18] Because of the Chaldeans, because they feared before them, because Ishmael son of Nethanyah struck Gedaliah son of Ahikam, who had been appointed by the king of Babylon in the land. [§]
Mip'nei haKassdim ki yareu mip'neihem ki hakah Yishmael ben-Natanya et-Gedalyahu ben-Achikam asher hifkid Melekh-Babel baaretz.
'Mip'nei' means 'because of' (literally 'from the face of'), 'haKassdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'ki' means 'because', 'yareu' means 'they feared', 'mip'neihem' means 'before them', another 'ki' means 'because', 'hakah' means 'struck' or 'hit', 'Yishmael' is the personal name Ishmael, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Natanya' is the personal name Nethanyah, 'et' is the direct‑object marker (not translated), 'Gedalyahu' is the personal name Gedaliah, second 'ben' means 'son of', 'Achikam' is the personal name Ahikam, 'asher' means 'who', 'hifkid' means 'appointed', 'Melekh-Babel' means 'king of Babylon', and 'baaretz' means 'in the land'.
JER.42
[JER.42.1] All the chiefs of the horsemen, and Yochanan son of Kareach, and Zanyah son of Hosea, and all the people, small and great. [§]
Vayigshu kol sarei hachayalim veyochanan ben kareach vizanyah ben hoshayya vechol haam mikaton vead gadol.
'Vayigshu' means 'they approached', 'kol' means 'all', 'sarei' means 'chiefs of', 'hachayalim' means 'the horsemen', 'veyochanan' means 'and Yochanan', 'ben' means 'son of', 'kareach' is a proper name 'Kareach', 'vizanyah' means 'and Zanyah', 'hoshayya' is a proper name 'Hosea', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'haam' means 'the people', 'mikatON' means 'small', 'vead' means 'and up to', 'gadol' means 'great' or 'large'.
[JER.42.2] And they said to Jeremiah the prophet, "Please intercede for us before you and pray on our behalf to Yahveh your Gods for all this remaining people, because we have been left a little from many as your eyes see us." [§]
Vayomeru el Yirmiyahu hanavi tipal na techinoteinu lefanekha ve hitpallel ba’adenu el Yahveh Eloheikha be’ad kol hash’earit hazot ki nish’arenu meat meharbeh ka’asher eynik ro’ot otanu.
"Vayomeru" means "and they said", "el" means "to", "Yirmiyahu" means "Jeremiah", "hanavi" means "the prophet", "tipal na" means "please intercede", "techinoteinu" means "our prayer", "lefanekha" means "before you", "ve hitpallel" means "and pray", "ba’adenu" means "on our behalf", "el" means "to", "Yahveh" is the literal translation of YHWH, "Eloheikha" means "your Gods" (from Elohim = "the Gods"), "be’ad" means "for", "kol" means "all", "hash’earit" means "the remaining people", "hazot" means "this", "ki" means "because", "nish’arenu" means "we have been left", "meat" means "a little", "meharbeh" means "from many", "ka’asher" means "as", "eynuk" means "your eyes", "ro’ot" means "see", "otanu" means "us".
[JER.42.3] And Yahveh your God will tell us the way we shall walk in, and the thing we shall do. [§]
ve-yagged lanu Yahveh Elohecha et ha-derekh asher nelech bah ve et ha-davar asher naaseh.
've-yagged' means 'and will tell', 'lanu' means 'to us', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Elohecha' means 'your God' (El => God), 'et' is the accusative marker and not translated, 'ha-derekh' means 'the way', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'nelech' means 'we shall walk', 'bah' means 'in it', 've' means 'and', 'ha-davar' means 'the thing', 'naaseh' means 'we shall do'.
[JER.42.4] And he said to them, Jeremiah the prophet, 'I have heard; behold, I am praying to Yahveh your Gods according to your words, and it shall be that whatever Yahveh answers you, I will tell you, I will not withhold any word from you.' [§]
Vayomer aleihem Yirmeyahu ha-navi shamati, hineni mitpallel el-Yahveh Eloheichem ke-dibrei-chem, ve-hayah kol ha-davar asher ya'aneh Yahveh etchem, aggid lachem lo emna mikem davar.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'Yirmeyahu' is the personal name 'Jeremiah', 'ha-navi' means 'the prophet', 'shamati' means 'I have heard', 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'mitpallel' means 'praying', 'el-Yahveh' means 'to Yahveh' (the name YHVH rendered as Yahveh), 'Eloheichem' means 'your Gods' (Elohim translated literally as the Gods), 'ke-dibrei-chem' means 'according to your words', 've-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'kol ha-davar' means 'all the matter' or 'everything', 'asher' means 'that', 'ya'aneh' means 'will answer', 'Yahveh' again is the divine name, 'etchem' means 'you (object)', 'aggid' means 'I will tell', 'lachem' means 'to you', 'lo' means 'not', 'emna' means 'I will withhold/prevent', 'mikem' means 'from you', 'davar' means 'word' or 'thing'.
[JER.42.5] And they said to Jeremiah, "May Yahveh be our witness of truth and faithfulness; unless it is as every word that Yahveh your God sends to us, then we will do it." [§]
Vehemmah amru el-Yirmiyahu: Yehiy Yahveh banu le'ed emet ven'eman im lo kechol ha-davar asher yishlakhah Yahveh Elohekha eileinu ken na'aseh.
'Vehemmah' means 'and they', 'amru' means 'said', 'el-Yirmiyahu' means 'to Jeremiah', 'Yehiy' means 'let be' or 'may it be', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'banu' means 'our', 'le'ed' means 'as a witness', 'emet' means 'truth', 'ven'eman' means 'and faithful', 'im lo' means 'if not' or 'unless', 'kechol' means 'as all' or 'as every', 'ha-davar' means 'the word/thing', 'asher' means 'that', 'yishlakhah' means 'He will send you', 'Yahveh' again is YHVH, 'Elohekha' means 'your God' (El = God), 'eileinu' means 'to us', 'ken' means 'then', 'na'aseh' means 'we will do'.
[JER.42.6] If good and if evil in the voice Yahveh the Gods who we send you to him we will hear for the sake that it will be good to us because we will hear in the voice Yahveh the Gods. [§]
Im-tov ve-im-ra be-kol Yahveh Eloheinu asher anu sholchim otcha elav nishma lema'an asher yitav-lanu ki nishma be-kol Yahveh Eloheinu.
'Im-tov' means 'if good', 've-im-ra' means 'and if evil', 'be-kol' means 'in the voice', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Eloheinu' means 'our the Gods' (Elohim = the Gods), 'asher' means 'who/that', 'anu' means 'we', 'sholchim' means 'send', 'otcha' means 'you' (masculine singular object), 'elav' means 'to him', 'nishma' means 'we will hear', 'lema'an' means 'for the sake of', 'yitav-lanu' means 'will be good to us', 'ki' means 'because', and the second occurrence of 'be-kol Yahveh Eloheinu' repeats 'in the voice Yahveh the Gods'.
[JER.42.7] And it was at the end of ten days, and the word of Yahveh to Jeremiah. [§]
Vayehi miketz aseret yamim vayehi dvar Yahveh el Yirmeyahu.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was', 'miketz' means 'at the end', 'aseret' means 'ten', 'yamim' means 'days', 'vayehi' again means 'and it was', 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el' means 'to/for', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah.
[JER.42.8] And he called to John son of Kareach, and to all the chiefs of the soldiers who were with him, and to all the people, from the smallest to the greatest. [§]
Vayikra el Yochanan ben Kareach ve'el kol-sarei ha-chayalim asher itto ulechol ha-am lemiqaton ve'ad gadol.
'Vayikra' means 'and he called', 'el' means 'to', 'Yochanan' is a personal name (John), 'ben' means 'son of', 'Kareach' is a proper name, 've'el' means 'and to', 'kol' means 'all', 'sarei' means 'chiefs' or 'princes', 'ha-chayalim' means 'the soldiers' (literally 'the youths'), 'asher' means 'who/that', 'itto' means 'with him', 'ulechol' means 'and to all', 'ha-am' means 'the people', 'lemiqaton' means 'small' or 'the small ones', 've'ad' means 'and up to', 'gadol' means 'great' or 'the great ones'.
[JER.42.9] And he said to them, Thus says Yahveh, God of Israel, whom you have sent me to, to lay your petition before Him. [§]
Vayomer aleihem koh amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael asher shlachetem oti elav lehafil tehinatchem lefanav.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'koh amar' means 'thus says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohei' means 'God of' (Elohim rendered as 'the Gods' but in the construct 'Elohei Yisrael' it is understood as the singular God of Israel), 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'asher' means 'who/whom', 'shlachetem' means 'you have sent', 'oti' means 'me', 'elav' means 'to him', 'lehafil' means 'to bring down' or 'to lay', 'tehinatchem' means 'your petition' (plural), 'lefanav' means 'before Him'.
[JER.42.10] If you turn and dwell in this land, and I will build you and will not destroy, and I will plant you and will not uproot, because I have relented concerning the disaster that I have done to you. [§]
Im shuv teshuvu baaretz hazot uvaniti etchem velo ehares v'natati etchem velo etosh ki nichamti el haraah asher asiti lachem.
'Im' means 'if', 'shuv' means 'you will turn/return', 'teshuvu' means 'you will dwell/settle', 'baaretz' means 'in the land', 'hazot' means 'this', 'uvaniti' means 'and I will build', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'velo' means 'and not', 'ehares' means 'I will destroy', 'v'natati' means 'and I will plant', 've... (etchem)' repeats 'you', 'velo' again means 'and not', 'etosh' means 'I will uproot', 'ki' means 'because', 'nichamti' means 'I have relented/changed my mind', 'el' means 'concerning', 'haraah' means 'the disaster/evil', 'asher' means 'that', 'asiti' means 'I have done', 'lachem' means 'to you'.
[JER.42.11] Do not be afraid because of the king of Babylon whom you fear before him; do not be afraid of him, says Yahveh, for I am with you to save you and to rescue you from his hand. [§]
Al-tireu mipnei melekh Bavel asher-atem yereim mipaneiv al-tireu mime'nu ne'um Yahveh ki-ittechem ani lehoshia etchem uletatzil etchem miyado.
'Al' means 'do not', 'tireu' means 'be afraid', 'mipnei' means 'because of' or 'in the presence of', 'melek' means 'king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'yereim' means 'fear', 'mipaneiv' means 'before him', 'mime'nu' means 'from him', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'ki' means 'for', 'ittechem' means 'with you', 'ani' means 'I', 'lehoshia' means 'to save', 'etchem' means 'you (object)', 'uletatzil' means 'to rescue', 'miyado' means 'from his hand'.
[JER.42.12] And I will give you mercy and I will have compassion for you and I will bring you back to your land. [§]
veeten lakhem rachamim ve'richam etchem vehesiv etchem el admatchem.
'veeten' means 'and I will give', 'lakhem' means 'to you (plural)', 'rachamim' means 'mercies' or 'compassion', 've'richam' means 'and I will have compassion', 'etchem' means 'you (plural) as object', 'vehesiv' means 'and I will bring back', 'el' means 'to', 'admatchem' means 'your ground' or 'your land'.
[JER.42.13] And if you say we will not sit in this land without listening to the voice of Yahveh your God. [§]
ve'im om'rim atem lo neshev baaretz hazot levilti shmoa bikol Yahveh eloheichem.
've'im' means 'and if', 'om'rim' means 'you say', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'lo' means 'not', 'neshev' means 'we will sit/dwell', 'baaretz' means 'in the land', 'hazot' means 'this', 'levilti' means 'without', 'shmoa' means 'listening/obeying', 'bikol' means 'to the voice', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'eloheichem' means 'your God'.
[JER.42.14] Saying that we will not because the land of Egypt we will go, which we will not see war, and the sound of a trumpet we will not hear, and for bread we will not be hungry, and there we will sit. [§]
Leemor lo ki eretz Mitzrayim navoh asher lo niraeh milchamah veikol shofar lo nishma velechemem lo niraav vesham neshev.
'Leemor' means 'to say', 'lo' means 'not', 'ki' means 'because', 'eretz' means 'land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'navoh' means 'we will go/come', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'lo niraeh' means 'we will not see', 'milchamah' means 'war', 'veikol' means 'and the sound/voice', 'shofar' means 'trumpet', 'lo nishma' means 'will not be heard', 'velechemem' means 'and for bread', 'lo niraav' means 'will not be hungry', 'vesham' means 'and there', 'neshev' means 'we will sit'.
[JER.42.15] Now therefore listen to the word of Yahveh, remnant of Judah; thus says Yahveh of hosts, the Gods of Israel: 'If you are silent, turn your faces to go to Egypt and you will come to dwell there.' [§]
veatah lachen shimu dvar Yahveh sheerit Yehudah ko amar Yahveh tzevaot Elohei Yisrael im atem shom teshimun peneichem lavo Mitzrayim uvatem lagur sham.
'veatah' means 'now', 'lachen' means 'therefore', 'shimu' means 'listen', 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH and is rendered as Yahveh, 'sheerit' means 'remnant', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in the hosts of heaven), 'Elohei' means 'the Gods' (plural of Elohim), 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'im' means 'if', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'shom' means 'silent' or 'keep silent', 'teshimun' means 'you turn', 'peneichem' means 'your faces', 'lavo' means 'to go', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'uvatem' means 'and you will come', 'lagur' means 'to dwell', 'sham' means 'there'.
[JER.42.16] And the sword that you fear from it will reach you in the land of Egypt, and the famine that you are suffering from us will cling after you in Egypt, and there you will die. [§]
vehaytah hachereb asher atem yereim mimena sham tashig etchem be'eretz mitzrayim vehara'av asher atem doagim mimenu sham yidbak achareichem mitzrayim vesharm tamutu.
'vehaytah' means 'and it will be', 'hachereb' means 'the sword', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'yereim' means 'you fear', 'mimena' means 'from it', 'sham' means 'there', 'tashig' means 'you will reach/overcome', 'etchem' means 'you (object)', 'be'eretz' means 'in the land', 'mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'vehara'av' means 'and the famine', 'doagim' means 'you are suffering', 'mimenu' means 'from us', 'yidbak' means 'it will cling/attach', 'achareichem' means 'after you', 've' at the beginning of a word means 'and', 'tamutu' means 'you will die'. No divine names appear in this verse, so no special name translations are needed.
[JER.42.17] And all the men who have set their faces to go to Egypt to dwell there shall die by the sword, by famine, and by pestilence, and there shall be no survivor or escape for them because of the evil that I bring upon them. [§]
ve-yihyu kol-ha'anashim asher-samu et-p'neihem lavo mi-tzrayim lagur sham yamutuu ba-cheret ba-raav u-badaver ve-lo yihye lahem sarid u-falit mip'nei ha-raah asher ani mevi aleihem.
've-yihyu' means 'and they shall be', 'kol-ha'anashim' means 'all the men', 'asher-samu' means 'who have set', 'et-p'neihem' means 'their faces', 'lavo' means 'to go', 'mi-tzrayim' means 'to Egypt', 'lagur' means 'to dwell', 'sham' means 'there', 'yamutuu' means 'they shall die', 'ba-cheret' means 'by the sword', 'ba-raav' means 'by famine', 'u-badaver' means 'and by pestilence', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yihye' means 'shall be', 'lahem' means 'for them', 'sarid' means 'survivor', 'u-falit' means 'and escape', 'mip'nei' means 'because of', 'ha-raah' means 'the evil', 'asher' means 'that', 'ani' means 'I', 'mevi' means 'bring', 'aleihem' means 'upon them'.
[JER.42.18] For thus says Yahveh of hosts God of Israel, as I have become angry and my wrath is upon the dwellers of Jerusalem, so my wrath will be upon you when you go back to Egypt, and you will become a curse, a shame, a cursing, a mockery, and you will no longer see this place. [§]
ki koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael ka'asher nittach afi vachamati al yosvei Yerushalayim ken tittach chamati aleichem bevoachem Mitsrayim viheyitem le'alah ulshamah veliklah velcherpah velo tiru od et hamakom hazeh.
'ki' means 'for', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' means 'God of' (from Elohim meaning 'the Gods'), 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'nittach' (from nittach) means 'I have become angry', 'afi' means 'my anger', 'vachamati' means 'and my wrath', 'al' means 'upon', 'yosvei' means 'the dwellers of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'ken' means 'so', 'tittach' means 'will be poured', 'chamati' means 'my wrath', 'aleichem' means 'upon you', 'bevoachem' means 'when you go back', 'Mitsrayim' means 'Egypt', 'viheyitem' means 'you will become', 'le'alah' means 'a curse', 'ulshamah' means 'a shame', 'veliklah' means 'a cursing', 'velcherpah' means 'a mockery', 'velo' means 'and not', 'tiru' means 'you will see', 'od' means 'anymore', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'hamakom' means 'the place', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.42.19] Yahveh said to you, the remnant of Judah, do not go to Egypt; you will know that I have testified among you today. [§]
Dibber Yahveh aleychem she'erit Yehudah al-tavo u Mitzrayim yadoa te'du ki haeidoti bahem hayom.
'Dibber' means 'spoke' or 'said'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH; 'aleychem' means 'to you (plural)'; 'she'erit' means 'the remnant'; 'Yehudah' means 'Judah'; 'al-tavo u' means 'do not go'; 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'; 'yadoa' means 'you will know' (future); 'te'du' is the verb 'you will know' (plural); 'ki' means 'that' or 'because'; 'haeidoti' means 'I have testified'; 'bahem' means 'among you'; 'hayom' means 'today'.
[JER.42.20] Because you have become in your souls, because you sent me to Yahveh your Gods to say, pray on our behalf to Yahveh our Gods, and as all that Yahveh our Gods says, then tell us and do it. [§]
ki hite'etim b'nafsoteichem ki-atem shlachetem oti el Yahveh eloheichem le'emor hitpallel ba'adenu el Yahveh eloheinu uchekol asher yomar Yahveh eloheinu ken haged-lanu ve'asinu.
'ki' means 'because', 'hite'etim' means 'you have become', 'b'nafsoteichem' means 'in your souls', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'shlachetem' means 'you sent', 'oti' means 'me', 'el' means 'to', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'eloheichem' means 'your Gods' (Elohim translated as the Gods), 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'hitpallel' means 'to pray', 'ba'adenu' means 'on our behalf', 'eloheinu' means 'our Gods', 'ukechol' means 'and as all', 'asher' means 'that which', 'yomar' means 'says', 'ken' means 'so' or 'then', 'haged-lanu' means 'tell us', 've'asinu' means 'and do (it) for us'.
[JER.42.21] And I will tell you today that you have not listened to the voice of Yahveh your Gods, and to all whom I have sent to you. [§]
vaaggid lachem hayom velo shematen bekol yahveh eloheichem ulekhol asher shlachani aleichem
'vaaggid' means 'and I will tell', 'lachem' means 'to you (plural)', 'hayom' means 'today', 'velo' means 'and not', 'shematen' means 'you heard/listened', 'bekol' means 'the voice', 'yahveh' translates the divine name YHVH, 'eloheichem' means 'your Gods' (Elohim = the Gods), 'ulekhol' means 'and to all', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'shlachani' means 'I have sent', 'aleichem' means 'to you'.
[JER.42.22] Now you will know that you will die by the sword, by famine, and by disease in the place you wanted to go to dwell there. [§]
Ve'atah yada ted'u ki ba'cherav ba'ra'av u'vadever tamutu ba-makom asher chafatztem lavo lagur sham.
"Ve'atah' means 'now', 'yada' means 'you will know', 'ted'u' means 'you will know (plural)', 'ki' means 'that', 'ba'cherav' means 'by the sword', 'ba'ra'av' means 'by famine', 'u'vadever' means 'and by disease', 'tamutu' means 'you will die', 'ba-makom' means 'in the place', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'chafatztem' means 'you desired', 'lavo' means 'to come', 'lagur' means 'to dwell', 'sham' means 'there'.
JER.43
[JER.43.1] And it happened, when Jeremiah had finished speaking to all the people the whole words of Yahveh, the Gods, which Yahveh the Gods had sent to them, all these words. [§]
Vayehi kechalat Yirmeyahu ledaber el kol ha'am et kol divrei Yahveh Eloheihem asher shelacho Yahveh Eloheihem aleihem et kol hadvarim haeleh.
'Vayehi' means 'and it happened', 'kechalat' means 'when finished', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'ledaber' means 'to speak', 'el' means 'to', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'divrei' means 'words of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Eloheihem' means 'their Gods', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'shelacho' means 'he sent', 'Yahveh' again 'Yahveh', 'Eloheihem' again 'their Gods', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'et' again a direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'hadvarim' means 'the words/things', 'haeleh' means 'these'.
[JER.43.2] And Azariah son of Hoshea and Jonathan son of Kareach and all the false men said to Jeremiah, 'You are speaking lies; Yahveh has not sent you, our the Gods, to say, you shall not go to Egypt to dwell there.' [§]
Vayomer Azariah ben Hoshea veYochanan ben Kareach vechol ha-anashim hazedim omrim el Yirmeyahu sheker Attah medaber lo shelachka Yahveh Eloheinu le'emor lo-tavoo mi-Tzrayim lagur sham.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Azariah' is a personal name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Hoshea' is a personal name, 'veYochanan' means 'and Jonathan', 'ben' means 'son of', 'Kareach' is a personal name, 'vechol' means 'and all', 'ha-anashim' means 'the men', 'hazedim' means 'the false (ones)', 'omrim' means 'they say', 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmeyahu' is 'Jeremiah', 'sheker' means 'falsehood', 'Attah' means 'you', 'medaber' means 'are speaking', 'lo' means 'not', 'shelachka' means 'sent you', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Eloheinu' is 'our the Gods' (literally 'our Elohim' → 'our the Gods'), 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'lo-tavoo' means 'you shall not come', 'mi-Tzrayim' means 'from Egypt', 'lagur' means 'to dwell', 'sham' means 'there'.
[JER.43.3] For Blessed the son of Neriya has smitten you against us in order that you will give us by the hand of the Chaldeans to kill us and to exile us to Babylon. [§]
Ki Baruch Ben-Neriya Masit Otkha Banu lema'an Tet Otanu be-yad ha-Kashdim lehamit Otanu u-lehaglot Otanu Bavel.
'Ki' means 'for', 'Baruch' means 'Blessed', 'Ben-Neriya' means 'son of Neriya', 'Masit' means 'has smitten' or 'has struck', 'Otkha' means 'you (masc.)', 'Banu' means 'against us' or 'against him', 'lema'an' means 'for the purpose that', 'Tet' means 'you will give', 'Otanu' means 'us', 'be-yad' means 'by the hand of', 'ha-Kashdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'lehamit' means 'to kill', 'u-lehaglot' means 'and to exile', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon'.
[JER.43.4] And not heard John son of the bald one and all the princes of the troops and all the people in the voice of Yahveh to settle in the land of Judah. [§]
ve'lo shama Yochanan ben Kareach ve'chol sarei hachayalim ve'chol ha'am be'kol Yahveh lashevet be'eretz Yehudah.
've'lo' means 'and not', 'shama' means 'heard', 'Yochanan' is the name John, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Kareach' means 'the bald one', 've'chol' means 'and all', 'sarei' means 'princes' or 'chiefs', 'hachayalim' means 'of the troops' (literally 'the chayalim'), 've'chol' again means 'and all', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'be'kol' means 'in the voice of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'lashevet' means 'to settle' or 'to sit', 'be'eretz' means 'in the land of', and 'Yehudah' means 'Judah'.
[JER.43.5] And Jonathan son of Kareach and all the chiefs of the young men took all the remnant of Judah who had returned from all the nations that were scattered there to dwell in the land of Judah. [§]
Vayikach Yonahan ben-Kareach vechol-sarei hachayalim et kol-she'erit Yehudah asher-shavu mikol-hagoyim asher niddu-sham lagur be'eretz Yehudah.
'Vayikach' means 'and he took', 'Yonahan' means 'Jonathan', 'ben-Kareach' means 'son of Kareach', 'vechol-sarei' means 'and all the princes/chiefs', 'hachayalim' means 'the young men', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'kol-she'erit' means 'all the remnant', 'Yehudah' means 'of Judah', 'asher-shavu' means 'who returned', 'mikol-hagoyim' means 'from all the nations', 'asher' again means 'that/which', 'niddu-sham' means 'were scattered there', 'lagur' means 'to dwell', 'be'eretz' means 'in the land', 'Yehudah' means 'of Judah'.
[JER.43.6] the men and the women and the children and the king's daughters and all the persons that Nebuzaradan chief of the captains left, Gedaliah son of Ahikam son of Shaphan, and Jeremiah the prophet, and Baruch son of Neriyahu. [§]
et hagevarim ve'et hanashim ve'et hattaf ve'et benot hamelek ve'et kol hanefesh asher hinni'ach Nebuzaradan rav-tabbachim et Gedalyahu ben Ahikam ben Shaphan ve'et Yirmiyahu hanavi ve'et Baruch ben Neriyahu.
'et' is the direct object marker meaning 'the'; 'hagevarim' means 'the men'; 'hanashim' means 'the women'; 'hattaf' means 'the children'; 'benot hamelek' means 'the king's daughters'; 'kol hanefesh' means 'all the persons/people'; 'asher' means 'who/that'; 'hinni'ach' means 'left' (as in 'left behind'); 'Nebuzaradan' is a personal name; 'rav-tabbachim' means 'chief of the captains'; 'Gedalyahu' is a personal name meaning 'Yahweh is great'; 'ben Ahikam' means 'son of Ahikam'; 'ben Shaphan' means 'son of Shaphan'; 'Yirmiyahu' is the name Jeremiah meaning 'Yahweh will raise'; 'hanavi' means 'the prophet'; 'Baruch' is a personal name meaning 'blessed'; 'ben Neriyahu' means 'son of Neriyahu' (Neriyahu meaning 'Yahweh is my lamp').
[JER.43.7] And they came into the land of Egypt because they did not hear the voice of Yahveh and they came to Tachpanhes. [§]
Vayyavohu eretz Mitzrayim ki lo shamu beqol Yahveh vayavohu ad tachpanhes.
'Vayyavohu' means 'and they came', 'eretz' means 'land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'shamu' means 'they heard', 'beqol' means 'in the voice of', 'Yahveh' means 'Yahveh', 'vayyavohu' again means 'and they came', 'ad' means 'to', 'tachpanhes' is a proper name of a place.
[JER.43.8] And the word of Yahveh came to Jeremiah in Tachpanhes, saying. [§]
Vayehi d'var Yahveh el Yirmeyahu be-Tachpanhes lemor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it happened', 'd'var' means 'the word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'el' means 'to' (here as a preposition introducing the addressee), 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'be-Tachpanhes' means 'in Tachpanhes' (the name of a place), and 'lemor' means 'saying' or 'to say'.
[JER.43.9] Take in your hand large stones and set them in the white mortar that is at the entrance of Pharaoh's house in Tahpanhes, in the sight of the men of Judah. [§]
Kach beyadekha avanim gedolot utemantam bam-melat bam-alben asher bepetach beit-Pharaoh beTahpanhes le'enei anashim Yehudim.
'Kach' means 'Take', 'beyadekha' means 'in your hand', 'avanim' means 'stones', 'gedolot' means 'large', 'utemantam' means 'and you placed them', 'bam-melat' means 'in the mortar', 'bam-alben' means 'of the white', 'asher' means 'which', 'bepetach' means 'at the opening', 'beit-Pharaoh' means 'the house of Pharaoh', 'beTahpanhes' means 'in Tahpanhes', 'le'enei' means 'to the eyes of', 'anashim' means 'men', 'Yehudim' means 'Judeans/people of Judah'.
[JER.43.10] And you shall say to them thus says Yahveh of hosts the Gods of Israel, Behold, I am sending and I have taken Nebuchadrezar king of Babylon my servant, and I will set his throne above these stones which I have defiled and I will lift up his scepter upon them. [§]
ve'amarta alehem koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot the Gods of Israel hineni sholeach ve'lakachti et Nebuchadrezar melech-Babel avdi vesamti kisehu mimma'al la'avanim ha'ele asher tumaneti venatah et-saphroro aleihem.
've'amarta' means 'and you shall say', 'alehem' means 'to them', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'the Gods' is the literal translation of Elohim, 'of Israel' means 'of Israel', 'hineni' means 'behold' or 'here I am', 'sholeach' means 'I am sending', 've'lakachti' means 'and I have taken', 'et' is a marker of the direct object, 'Nebuchadrezar' is the name of the Babylonian king, 'melech-Babel' means 'king of Babylon', 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'vesamti' means 'and I will set', 'kisehu' means 'his throne', 'mimma'al' means 'above', 'la'avanim' means 'these stones', 'ha'ele' means 'these', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'tumaneti' means 'I have defiled', 'venatah' means 'and I will lift up', 'et-saphroro' means 'his scepter', 'aleihem' means 'upon them'.
[JER.43.11] And He will come and strike the land of Egypt, that which is for death, death, and that which is for ruin, ruin, and that which is for the sword, the sword. [§]
uvaha vehika et erets mitsrayim asher lamavet lamavet vasher lashvi lashvi vasher lacherev lecherav.
'uvaha' means 'and He will come', 'vehika' means 'and (He) will strike', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'erets' means 'land', 'mitsrayim' means 'Egypt', 'asher' means 'that which', 'lamavet' means 'to death', repeated for emphasis, 'vasher' means 'and that which', 'lashvi' means 'to ruin' or 'destruction', repeated, 'lacherev' means 'to the sword', 'lecherav' is a parallel form meaning 'the sword'.
[JER.43.12] And I will set fire in the houses of the Gods of Egypt, and they will burn and be devoured, and I will cover the land of Egypt as the shepherd covers his fleece, and I will go out from there in peace. [§]
ve-hitzatti esh be-vatei Elohei Mitzrayim u-srefam ve-shavem ve-ata et-eretz Mitzrayim ka'asher ya'ateh ha-ro'eh et-bigdo ve-yatza misham be-shalom.
've-hitzatti' means 'and I will set', 'esh' means 'fire', 'be-vatei' means 'in the houses of', 'Elohei Mitzrayim' means 'the Gods of Egypt' (Elohim is rendered as 'the Gods'), 'u-srefam' means 'and they will burn', 've-shavem' means 'and they will be devoured', 've-ata' means 'and I will cover', 'et-eretz Mitzrayim' means 'the land of Egypt', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'ya'ateh' means 'he will cover', 'ha-ro'eh' means 'the shepherd', 'et-bigdo' means 'his fleece', 've-yatza' means 'and I will go out', 'misham' means 'from there', 'be-shalom' means 'in peace'.
[JER.43.13] And he broke the pillars of the house of the sun which were in the land of Egypt, and he burned the houses of the Gods of Egypt with fire. [§]
Veshivar et-matzevot beit shemesh asher be'aretz Mitzrayim ve'et-batei Elohei-Mitzrayim yisrof ba'esh.
"ve" means "and", "shivar" means "broke", "et" is the direct‑object marker, "matzevot" means "pillars" (plural), "beit" means "house of", "shemesh" means "sun", "asher" means "which", "be'aretz" means "in the land", "Mitzrayim" means "Egypt", "ve'et" is another "and" with the object marker, "batei" means "houses of", "Elohei" means "the Gods" (literal translation of Elohim), "Mitzrayim" again means "Egypt", "yisrof" means "burned", and "ba'esh" means "with fire".
JER.44
[JER.44.1] The word that was to Jeremiah to all the Jews dwelling in the land of Egypt, dwelling in Migdal, in Tachpanhes, in Nof, and in the land of Patros, saying. [§]
Ha-davar asher hayah el-Yirmeyahu el kol-hayehudim hayoshev be-aretz Mitzrayim hayoshev be-Migdal uve-Tachpanhes uve-Nof uve-aretz Patros lemor.
'Ha-davar' means 'the word', 'asher' means 'that', 'hayah' means 'was', 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmeyahu' is the personal name Jeremiah, the second 'el' again means 'to', 'kol' means 'all', 'hayehudim' means 'the Jews', 'hayoshev' means 'dwelling', 'be-aretz' means 'in the land of', 'Mitzrayim' translates to 'Egypt', the next 'hayoshev' repeats 'dwelling', 'Migdal', 'Tachpanhes', 'Nof', and 'Patros' are place names, and 'lemor' means 'saying'.
[JER.44.2] Thus says Yahveh of hosts the Gods of Israel: You have seen all the disaster that I have brought upon Jerusalem and upon all the cities of Judah, and behold, they are a sword this day, and there is no one dwelling among them. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Tzvaot haElohei Yisrael Atem reitem et kol-haraah asher heveiti al Yerushalayim ve'al kol-arei Yehudah ve-hinam charvah hayom haze ve'ein bahem yoshev.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzvaot' means 'hosts', 'haElohei' is the construct form of 'the Gods' (Elohim) meaning 'the Gods of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'Atem' means 'you (plural)', 'reitem' means 'have seen', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol-haraah' means 'all the disaster', 'asher' means 'that', 'heveiti' means 'I have brought', 'al' means 'upon', 'Yerushalayim' is 'Jerusalem', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'kol-arei' means 'all the cities', 'Yehudah' is 'Judah', 've-hinam' means 'and behold', 'charvah' means 'a sword', 'hayom' means 'this day', 'haze' means 'this', 've'ein' means 'and there is no', 'bahem' means 'among them', 'yoshev' means 'dwelling one' (the one who dwells).
[JER.44.3] Because of their evil, which they have done to provoke me, to go to offer sacrifice, to serve other Gods which they do not know, they are you and your fathers. [§]
Mip'nei raatam asher asu le'hak'isen li lalechet lekater la'avod leElohim acherim asher lo yed'um hemmah atem v'avoteichem.
'Mip'nei' means 'because of', 'raatam' means 'their evil', 'asher' means 'which', 'asu' means 'they did', 'le'hak'isen' means 'to provoke' or 'to anger', 'li' means 'me', 'lalechet' means 'to go', 'lekater' means 'to offer a sacrifice', 'la'avod' means 'to serve' or 'to work for', 'leElohim' means 'to the Gods' (literal translation of Elohim), 'acherim' means 'other', 'asher' means 'which', 'lo' means 'not', 'yed'um' means 'they know', 'hemmah' means 'they are', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'vavoteichem' means 'and your fathers/ancestors'.
[JER.44.4] I will send to you all my servants the prophets who rise early, and send them saying, 'Please do not do this abominable thing that I hate.' [§]
vaeshlach aleichem et kol avadai ha-neviim ha-shekim ve-shalach leemor al na ta'asu et dvar ha-toeva ha-zot asher saneti
'vaeshlach' means 'I will send', 'aleichem' means 'to you', 'et' is a grammatical marker of the direct object, 'kol' means 'all', 'avadai' means 'my servants', 'ha-neviim' means 'the prophets', 'ha-shekim' means 'who rise early', 've-shalach' means 'and will send', 'leemor' means 'to say', 'al na' means 'please do not', 'ta'asu' means 'you will do', 'dvar' means 'word' or 'thing', 'ha-toeva' means 'the abomination', 'ha-zot' means 'this', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'saneti' means 'I hate'.
[JER.44.5] And they did not listen nor turn their ears to turn away from their evil, that they might not sacrifice to other Gods. [§]
ve'lo shamu ve'lo hitu et oznam lashuv meraatam le-bilti kater leElohim acherim.
've'lo' means 'and not', 'shamu' means 'they heard/listened', 've'lo' again 'and not', 'hitu' means 'they turned', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'oznam' means 'their ears', 'lashuv' means 'to return', 'mera' means 'from', 'atam' means 'their evil', 'le-bilti' means 'in order not to', 'kater' means 'sacrifice/offering', 'leElohim' means 'to the Gods' (literal translation of Elohim as 'the Gods'), 'acherim' means 'other'.
[JER.44.6] And my wrath was kindled and my fury burned in the cities of Judah and in the outskirts of Jerusalem, and it became a sword for desolation as this day. [§]
va-titach khamati ve-afi va-tivar be'arei Yehudah u'vechutzot Yerushalayim va-tihyeinah le'charbah li'shmamah ka-yom ha-zeh.
'va-titach' means 'and (she/it) was kindled', 'khamati' means 'my wrath', 've-afi' means 'and my fury', 'va-tivar' means 'and (she/it) burned', 'be'arei' means 'in the cities of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'u'vechutzot' means 'and in the outskirts of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'va-tihyeinah' means 'and it became', 'le'charbah' means 'for a sword', 'li'shmamah' means 'for desolation', 'ka-yom' means 'as the day', 'ha-zeh' means 'this'.
[JER.44.7] Now thus says Yahveh, the Gods of Hosts, the Gods of Israel: Why are you doing great evil to your souls, cutting off a man and a woman who miscarry and are barren from within Judah, so that you will be left with no remnant. [§]
ve'atah koh amar Yahveh Elohei Tzvaot Elohei Yisrael lama atem osim ra'ah gedolah el-nafshotechem le'hakrit lakhem ish ve'ishah olel ve'yonek miteoch Yehudah le'vilti hotir lakhem she'erit.
've'atah' means 'now', 'koh amar' means 'thus says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Elohei' is the plural form of 'Elohim' meaning 'the Gods', so 'Elohei Tzvaot' translates as 'the Gods of Hosts', 'Elohei Yisrael' as 'the Gods of Israel', 'lama' means 'why', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'osim' means 'are doing', 'ra'ah' means 'evil', 'gedolah' means 'great', 'el-nafshotechem' means 'to your souls', 'le'hakrit' means 'to cut off', 'ish ve'ishah' means 'a man and a woman', 'olel' means 'who miscarry', 've'yonek' means 'and are barren', 'miteoch Yehudah' means 'from within Judah', 'le'vilti hotir' means 'so as not to leave', 'lakhem' means 'for you', 'she'erit' means 'a remnant'.
[JER.44.8] To make me angry in the deeds of your hands, to cut off the other Gods in the land of Egypt that you are coming to dwell in there, for the purpose of cutting you off, and for the purpose that you may become a curse and a scandal among all the nations of the earth. [§]
lehak'seni bema'asei yedeichem lekateir leElohim acherim be'eretz Mitzrayim asheratem ba'im lagur sham lemaan hakrit lakhem ulemean heyotchem liklala ulechrefa bechol goye haaretz.
'lehak'seni' means 'to make me angry'; 'bema'asei' means 'in the deeds of'; 'yedeichem' means 'your hands'; 'lekateir' means 'to cut off' or 'to destroy'; 'leElohim' means 'to the Gods' (the plural form of God); 'acherim' means 'other'; 'be'eretz' means 'in the land'; 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'; 'asheratem' means 'that you (plural)'; 'ba'im' means 'are coming'; 'lagur' means 'to dwell'; 'sham' means 'there'; 'lemean' means 'for the purpose of'; 'hakrit' means 'the cutting' or 'to cut off'; 'lakhem' means 'to you'; 'ulemean' means 'and for the purpose of'; 'heyotchem' means 'your being'; 'liklala' means 'to be cursed'; 'ulechrefa' means 'and to be despised'; 'bechol' means 'in all'; 'goye' means 'nations of'; 'haaretz' means 'the earth'. The key divine name here is 'Elohim', which is rendered as 'the Gods' according to the prescribed literal translation.
[JER.44.9] You have forgotten the evils of your fathers and the evils of the kings of Judah, and the evils of their wives, and your evils, and the evils of your wives, which they did in the land of Judah and in the outskirts of Jerusalem. [§]
Hashkakhtem et raot avoteichem ve'et raot malchei Yehudah ve'et raot nashav ve'et raotechem ve'et raot nesheichem asher asu beeretz Yehudah uvechutsot Yerushalayim.
'Hashkakhtem' means 'you have forgotten', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'raot' means 'evils' or 'wickedness', 'avoteichem' means 'your fathers', 've'et' means 'and (the) ', 'malchei' means 'kings of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'nashav' means 'their wives', 'raotechem' means 'your evils', 'nesheichem' means 'your wives', 'asher' means 'which', 'asu' means 'they did', 'beeretz' means 'in the land of', 'Yehudah' again 'Judah', 'uvechutsot' means 'and in the outskirts of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem'.
[JER.44.10] They have not become weary until this day, and they have not feared, and they have not walked in my law and in my statutes which I gave before you and before your fathers. [§]
Lo duku ad hayom hazeh ve lo yaru ve lo halchu be torati ubechukotai asher natati lifneichem ve lifnei avoteichem.
'Lo' means 'not', 'duku' means 'they have become weary' or 'they have grown faint', 'ad' means 'until', 'hayom' means 'the day', 'hazeh' means 'this', 've' means 'and', 'lo' again 'not', 'yaru' means 'they feared', 'halchu' means 'they walked', 'be torati' means 'in my law', 'ubechukotai' means 'and in my statutes', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'natati' means 'I gave', 'lifneichem' means 'before you', 've lifnei' means 'and before', 'avoteichem' means 'your fathers'.
[JER.44.11] Therefore thus said Yahveh of hosts, God of Israel, Behold, I set my face among you for evil and to cut off all Judah. [§]
Lakhen koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael hineni sam panai bachem leraah ulehachrit et kol Yehudah.
'Lakhen' means 'therefore', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'sam' means 'set', 'panai' means 'my face', 'bachem' means 'among you', 'leraah' means 'for evil', 'ulehachrit' means 'and to cut off', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah'.
[JER.44.12] And I will take the remnant of Judah, whose faces they have turned to go to the land of Egypt to dwell there; and they will all die in the land of Egypt; they will fall by the sword and by famine; they will be killed from the little to the great; by the sword and by famine they will die, and they will become a curse, a scandal, a reviling, and a mockery. [§]
ve-lakachti et-she'erit yehudah asher-samu p'neihem lavo eretz-mitsrayim lagur sham ve-tammu kol be'aretz mitsrayim yipolu ba-cherev u-va'ra'av yitammu mi-qaton ve-ad-gadol ba-cherev u-va'ra'av yamutu ve-hayu le'alah le-shammah u-le-kilalah u-le-cherpah
've' means 'and', 'lakachti' means 'I will take', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'she'erit' means 'the remnant', 'yehudah' means 'Judah', 'asher' means 'who', 'samu' means 'they turned', 'p'neihem' means 'their faces', 'lavo' means 'to go', 'eretz' means 'land', 'mitsrayim' means 'Egypt', 'lagur' means 'to dwell', 'sham' means 'there', 've-tammu' means 'and they will all', 'kol' means 'all', 'be'aretz' means 'in the land', 'yipolu' means 'they will fall', 'ba-cherev' means 'by the sword', 'u-va'ra'av' means 'and by famine', 'yitammu' means 'they will be killed', 'mi-qaton' means 'from the little', 've-ad-gadol' means 'to the great', 'yamutu' means 'they will die', 've-hayu' means 'and they will become', 'le'alah' means 'a curse', 'le-shammah' means 'a scandal', 'le-kilalah' means 'a reviling', 'le-cherpah' means 'a mockery'.
[JER.44.13] And I have appointed over those who live in the land of Egypt just as I appointed over Jerusalem, by the sword, by famine, and by pestilence. [§]
Ufakadti al hayoshvim be'eretz Mitzrayim ka'asher fakadti al Yerushalayim ba'cherav ba'ra'av uva-daver.
'U' means 'and', 'fakadti' means 'I appointed' or 'I have checked', 'al' means 'over', 'hayoshvim' means 'the dwellers' or 'those who sit/live', 'be'eretz' means 'in the land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'ka'asher' means 'as' or 'just as', 'fakadti' again means 'I appointed', 'al' again means 'over', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'ba'cherav' means 'by the sword', 'ba'ra'av' means 'by famine', 'uva-daver' means 'and by pestilence'.
[JER.44.14] And there will be no escape nor any survivor for the remnant of Judah who go to dwell there in the land of Egypt, and to return to the land of Judah, which they are risking their lives to return and settle there, for they will not return unless they are saved. [§]
ve'lo yiheye palit ve'sarid li'sherit Yehudah habba'im lagur sham be'eretz Mitsrayim ve'lashuv eretz Yehudah asher hema menassa'im et nafsham lashuv la'shevet sham ki lo yashuvu ki im p'letim.
've'lo' means 'and no', 'yiheye' means 'shall be', 'palit' means 'escape', 've'sarid' means 'and stray/survivor', 'li'sherit' means 'for the remnant', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'habba'im' means 'who are coming', 'lagur' means 'to dwell', 'sham' means 'there', 'be'eretz' means 'in the land of', 'Mitsrayim' means 'Egypt', 've'lashuv' means 'and to return', 'eretz' means 'the land of', 'Yehudah' again 'Judah', 'asher' means 'which', 'hema' means 'they', 'menassa'im' means 'are taking', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'nafsham' means 'their lives', 'lashuv' means 'to return', 'la'shevet' means 'to settle', 'sham' means 'there', 'ki' means 'for/because', 'lo' means 'not', 'yashuvu' means 'they will return', 'ki' again means 'unless', 'im' means 'if', 'p'letim' means 'they are saved' or 'they escape'.
[JER.44.15] And they answered Jeremiah, all the men who knew that they were cutting off their wives to other Gods, and all the women standing, a great assembly, and all the people living in the land of Egypt in Patros, saying: [§]
Vayanhu et-Yirmeyahu kol ha-anashim ha-yodim ki-mekatrot nesheihem leElohim acherim vechol ha-nashim ha-omedot kahal gadol vechol ha-am ha-yoshevim be-eretz-Mitzrayim bePatros le'emor.
'Vayanhu' means 'and they answered', 'et-Yirmeyahu' means 'to Jeremiah', 'kol ha-anashim' means 'all the men', 'ha-yodim' means 'who know', 'ki-mekatrot' means 'that they cut off', 'nesheihem' means 'their wives', 'leElohim acherim' means 'to other Gods' (Elohim translated as 'the Gods'), 'vechol ha-nashim ha-omedot' means 'and all the women standing', 'kahal gadol' means 'a great assembly', 'vechol ha-am ha-yoshevim be-eretz-Mitzrayim bePatros' means 'and all the people living in the land of Egypt in Patros', 'le'emor' means 'to say'.
[JER.44.16] The thing which you spoke to us in the name of Yahveh, they do not hear you. [§]
ha-davar asher dibarta aleinu be-shem Yahveh eynenu shomim elekha.
'ha-davar' means 'the word' or 'the thing', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'dibarta' means 'you spoke' (second person singular masculine), 'aleinu' means 'to us', 'be-shem' means 'in the name of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'eynenu' means 'they are not' or 'they do not', 'shomim' means 'listen/ hear', 'elekha' means 'to you' (masculine).
[JER.44.17] For we will do all the thing that goes out of our mouth to offer to the kingdom of heaven and its incense we will bring, as we have done we and our fathers our kings and our princes in the cities of Judah and in the districts of Jerusalem, and we will be satisfied with bread and we will be good and evil we have not seen. [§]
ki asah na'aseh et kol ha-davar asher yatsa mifinu lekat'er limlechet ha-shamayim ve-haseich la nesachim ka'asher asinu anachnu va'avoteinu melacheinu ve-shareinu be'arei Yehudah uvechutzot Yerushalayim v'nishba lechem v'nihye tovim ve-ra'ah lo ra'inu.
'ki' means 'for', 'asah' means 'we will do', 'na'aseh' means 'we shall make', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-davar' means 'the thing', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'yatsa' means 'goes out', 'mifinu' means 'from our mouth', 'lekat'er' means 'to offer', 'limlechet' means 'to the kingdom', 'ha-shamayim' means 'the heavens', 've-haseich' means 'and the incense', 'la' means 'to it', 'nesachim' means 'we will bring', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'asinu' means 'we have done', 'anachnu' means 'we', 'va-avoteinu' means 'and our fathers', 'melacheinu' means 'our kings', 've-shareinu' means 'and our princes', 'be'arei' means 'in the cities of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'uvechutzot' means 'and in the districts of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'v-nishba' means 'we will be satisfied', 'lechem' means 'with bread', 'v-nihye' means 'and we will be', 'tovim' means 'good', 've-ra'ah' means 'and evil', 'lo' means 'not', 'ra'inu' means 'we have seen'.
[JER.44.18] From that time we ceased to cut down for the kingdom of the heavens, and we lacked everything for it; by sword and by famine we perished. [§]
Umin az chadalnu lekatér limlechet hashamayim ve-hassekh lah nesakhim chasarnu kol uvaḥereb uvarā‘av tamnu.
'Umin' means 'and from', 'az' means 'that time', 'chadalnu' means 'we ceased', 'lekatér' means 'to cut down / to cut off', 'limlechet' means 'for the kingdom', 'hashamayim' means 'the heavens', 've-hassekh' means 'and the provision/offering', 'lah' means 'for it', 'nesakhim' means 'we lacked', 'chasarnu' means 'we lacked', 'kol' means 'everything', 'uvaḥereb' means 'by sword', 'uvarā‘av' means 'and by famine', 'tamnu' means 'we perished'.
[JER.44.19] And if we cut for the kingdom of the heavens and pour out to it libations, the outsiders among our men we have made for it purposes to cause sorrow, and we pour out to it libations. [§]
veki anachnu mekat'rim limlachet ha-shamayim u-lehasekh lah nesachim hamibla'adei anasheinu asinu lah kavanim leha'atziva vehasekh lah nesachim.
'veki' means 'and if', 'anachnu' means 'we', 'mekat'rim' means 'cut' or 'offer', 'limlachet' means 'to the kingdom', 'ha-shamayim' means 'the heavens', 'u-lehasekh' means 'and to pour out', 'lah' means 'to it/her', 'nesachim' means 'libations' or 'drink offerings', 'hamibla'adei' (likely a corrupted form) is taken as 'the outsiders' or 'the foreigners', 'anasheinu' means 'our men', 'asinu' means 'we have made', 'kavanim' means 'intentions' or 'purposes', 'leha'atziva' means 'to cause sorrow' or 'to afflict', and the final 'vehasekh lah nesachim' repeats 'and pour out to it libations'.
[JER.44.20] And Jeremiah said to all the people, over the men and over the women and over all the people who answered him a word, saying: [§]
Vayomer Yirmiyahu el kol ha'am al hagevarim ve'al hanashim ve'al kol ha'am ha'oniym oto davar le'emor.
"Vayomer" means "and he said", "Yirmiyahu" is the personal name "Jeremiah", "el" means "to", "kol ha'am" means "all the people", "al" means "upon" or "over", "hagevarim" means "the men", "ve'al" means "and over", "hanashim" means "the women", "ha'oniym" means "the answering ones", "oto" means "to him", "davar" means "a word", "le'emor" means "to say".
[JER.44.21] Is not the incense that you offered in the cities of Judah and in the outskirts of Jerusalem, you and your fathers, your kings and your princes, and the people of the land; Yahveh remembered them and lifted it up to his heart. [§]
Halo et-hakitter asher kitaratem bearei Yehudah uvechutsot Yerushalayim atem vaavoteikhem malkekhem vesareikhem veam haaretz otam zakar Yahveh vata'aleh al-libbo.
'Halo' means 'Is not'. 'et-hakitter' means 'the incense' (the object of offering). 'asher' means 'that' or 'which'. 'kitaratem' means 'you offered' (plural you). 'bearei Yehudah' means 'in the cities of Judah'. 'uvechutsot Yerushalayim' means 'and in the outskirts of Jerusalem'. 'atem' means 'you (plural)'. 'vaavoteikhem' means 'and your fathers'. 'malkekhem' means 'your kings'. 'vesareikhem' means 'and your princes'. 'veam haaretz' means 'and the people of the land'. 'otam' means 'them'. 'zakar' means 'remembered'. 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH. 'vata'aleh' means 'and lifted (it) up'. 'al-libbo' means 'upon his heart'.
[JER.44.22] And Yahveh cannot any longer bear because of the evil of your deeds, because of the abominations which you have done, and your land became for the sword and for desolation and for a curse, with no one dwelling there, as this day. [§]
ve'lo-yukhal Yahveh od lashen mefnei roa ma'alelachem mefnei hatoveot asher asitem vatehi artschem lechervah uleshammah ulekhlah me'ein yoshev kehayom hazeh.
've'lo' means 'and not', 'yukhal' means 'can' or 'is able', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, 'od' means 'any longer', 'lashen' means 'to bear' or 'to carry', 'mefnei' means 'because of' or 'before', 'roa' means 'evil' or 'wickedness', 'ma'alelachem' means 'your oppression/evil deeds', 'hatoveot' means 'the abominations', 'asher' means 'that', 'asitem' means 'you have done', 'vatehi' means 'and it became', 'artschem' means 'your land', 'lechervah' means 'for the sword', 'uleshammah' means 'for desolation', 'ulekhlah' means 'for a curse', 'me'ein' means 'from there is no', 'yoshev' means 'inhabitant', 'kehayom' means 'as the day', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.44.23] Because you have become defiled and have sinned against Yahveh, and you have not listened to the voice of Yahveh, nor to his instruction, nor to his statutes, nor to his testimonies, you have not walked in them; therefore I have called you this evil as today. [§]
Mip'nei asher kitar'tem ve'asher chatat'em laYahveh velo shema'tem beqol Yahveh uveTorato uvechukotav uve'edvotav lo halaktem al-ken karat etchem ha'ra'ah hazot kayom hazeh.
'Mip'nei' means 'because' or 'on account of', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'kitar'tem' means 'you have defiled' (from the root q-t-r meaning to make ritually impure), 've'asher' means 'and that', 'chatat'em' means 'you have sinned', 'laYahveh' means 'against Yahveh' (the proper name of the God), 'velo' means 'and not', 'shema'tem' means 'you have heard/listened', 'beqol' means 'in the voice of', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH, 'uveTorato' means 'in his instruction (Torah)', 'uvechukotav' means 'in his statutes', 'uve'edvotav' means 'in his testimonies', 'lo' means 'not', 'halaktem' means 'you have walked', 'al-ken' means 'therefore', 'karat' means 'I have called', 'etchem' means 'you', 'ha'ra'ah' means 'the evil', 'hazot' means 'this', 'kayom' means 'as today' or 'like the day', 'hazeh' means 'this'.
[JER.44.24] And Jeremiah said to all the people and to all the women, Listen to the word of Yahveh, all Judah who are in the land of Egypt. [§]
Vayomer Yirmeyahu el kol haam veel kol hanashim shimu devar Yahveh kol Yehudah asher beeretz Mitzrayim.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Yirmeyahu' is the personal name Jeremiah, 'el' means 'to', 'kol' means 'all', 'haam' means 'the people', 'veel' means 'and to', 'kol' means 'all', 'hanashim' means 'the women', 'shimu' means 'listen', 'devar' means 'the word', 'Yahveh' is the divine name, 'kol' means 'all', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'asher' means 'who', 'beeretz' means 'in the land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'.
[JER.44.25] Thus said Yahveh of hosts, God of Israel, saying, "You and your wives have spoken with your mouths and with your hands, filling your speech to say, 'Let us do, we will do our vow which we have vowed to set apart for the kingdom of heaven and to lay out for it sanctuaries; we will establish your vows, and we will do what you have vowed.'" [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael le'amer atem uneshechem ve'tedaberna befikhem u'viydeichem milatem le'amer asah na'aseh et-nedareinu asher nadarnu lekatter lemelachet ha shamayim u'lehasech lah nesachim hakeyim takimnah et-nidreichem ve'asah ta'asinah et-nidreichem.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'of hosts', 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'le'amer' means 'saying', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'uneshechem' means 'and your wives', 've'tedaberna' means 'and you spoke', 'befikhem' means 'with your mouths', 'u'viydeichem' means 'and with your hands', 'milatem' means 'filled [it]', 'le'amer' again 'to say', 'asah' means 'let us do', 'na'aseh' means 'we will do', 'et-nedareinu' means 'our vow', 'asher' means 'which', 'nadarnu' means 'we have vowed', 'lekatter' means 'to set apart', 'lemelachet' means 'for the kingdom', 'ha shamayim' means 'of heaven', 'u'lehasech' means 'and to lay out', 'lah' means 'for it', 'nesachim' means 'sanctuaries', 'hakeyim' means 'the standing', 'takimnah' means 'we will establish', 'et-nidreichem' means 'your vows', 've'asah' means 'and do', 'ta'asinah' means 'you shall do', 'et-nidreichem' again 'your vows'.
[JER.44.26] Therefore hear the word of Yahveh, all Judah who dwell in the land of Egypt: Behold, I have sworn by my great name, says Yahveh, if my name shall again be called in the mouth of every man of Judah, saying, 'My Lord Yahveh lives in all the land of Egypt.' [§]
Lachen shimu dvar Yahveh kol Yehudah hayoshvim be'eretz Mitzrayim hineni nishbati bishmi hagadol amar Yahveh im yihyeh od shmi nikra bfi kol ish Yehudah omer chai Adonai Yahveh bkol eretz Mitzrayim.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'shimu' means 'hear', 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH, 'kol' means 'all', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'hayoshvim' means 'who dwell', 'be'eretz' means 'in the land of', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'hineni' means 'behold', 'nishbati' means 'I have sworn', 'bishmi' means 'by my name', 'hagadol' means 'the great', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' the LORD, 'im' means 'if', 'yihyeh' means 'shall be', 'od' means 'again', 'shmi' means 'my name', 'nikra' means 'shall be called', 'bfi' means 'in the mouth of', 'kol' means 'every', 'ish' means 'man', 'Yehudah' again 'Judah', 'omer' means 'saying', 'chai' means 'lives', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' again the LORD, 'bkol' means 'in all', 'eretz' means 'land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'.
[JER.44.27] Here I am, I will make them a prey for evil and not for good, and all the people of Judah who are in the land of Egypt will be cut off by the sword and by famine until they are finished. [§]
Hineni shoked aleihem leraah velo letovah ve tammu kol ish Yehudah asher be eretz Mitzrayim ba cherav u varaav ad kelotam.
'Hineni' means 'Here I am', 'shoked' means 'I will make a prey' or 'I will hold', 'aleihem' means 'against them', 'leraah' means 'for evil', 'velo' means 'and not', 'letovah' means 'for good', 've tammu' means 'and they will be cut off', 'kol' means 'all', 'ish' means 'man' or 'people', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'asher' means 'who', 'be eretz' means 'in the land of', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'ba cherav' means 'by the sword', 'u varaav' means 'and by famine', 'ad kelotam' means 'until they are finished'.
[JER.44.28] And the ones who escape the sword will return from the land of Egypt, the land of Judah, countless in number, and all the remnant of Judah who are coming to the land of Egypt to dwell there will know whose word will arise from me and from them. [§]
U'plitzei cherav yeshuvun min eretz Mitzrayim eretz Yehudah mete mispar ve'yadu kol-shearit Yehudah ha'baim le'eretz-Mitzrayim lagur sham devar-mi yakum mimeni u-mehem.
'U'plitzei' means 'and the ones who escape', 'cherav' means 'the sword', 'yeshvu[n]' means 'will return', 'min' means 'from', 'eretz' means 'land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'eretz Yehudah' means 'the land of Judah', 'mete' means 'a countless', 'mispar' means 'number', 've'yadu' means 'and they will know', 'kol' means 'all', 'shearite' means 'the remnant', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'ha'baim' means 'who come', 'le'eretz-Mitzrayim' means 'to the land of Egypt', 'lagur' means 'to dwell', 'sham' means 'there', 'devar' means 'word', 'mi' means 'whose', 'yakum' means 'will arise', 'mimeni' means 'from me', 'u-mehem' means 'and from them'.
[JER.44.29] And this is the sign, says Yahveh, because I am watching over you in this place, that you may know that my words will arise against you for disaster. [§]
vezo't lachem haot ne'um Yahveh ki poked ani aleichem ba-makom hazeh lema'an te'du ki kum yaku mu devarei aleichem lera'ah.
've' means 'and', 'zo't' means 'this', 'lachem' means 'for you (plural)', 'haot' means 'the sign', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'poked' means 'I am watching' or 'I am keeping watch over', 'ani' means 'I', 'aleichem' means 'upon you', 'ba-makom' means 'in this place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'lema'an' means 'in order that', 'te'du' means 'you may know', 'ki' again 'that', 'kum' means 'they will arise', 'yaku' is part of the verb 'they will arise', 'mu' is a suffix indicating plural action, 'devarei' means 'my words', 'aleichem' again 'upon you', 'lera'ah' means 'for evil' or 'for disaster'.
[JER.44.30] Thus says Yahveh: Behold, I will give Pharaoh Hophra, king of Egypt, into the hand of his enemies and into the hand of those seeking his life, as I gave Zedekiah, king of Judah, into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, his enemy, and those seeking his life. [§]
khoh amar Yahveh hineni noten et-Par'oh Haphra melech Mitzrayim beyad oivav uveyd mevak'shei nafsho ka'asher natati et-Tsidkiyahu melech Yehudah beyad Nebuchadrezar melech Bavel oivvo umevakesh nafsho.
'khoh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the name of God (YHVH), 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'noten' means 'I will give', 'et' is the direct‑object marker (not translated), 'Par'oh Haphra' refers to 'Pharaoh Hophra', 'melech Mitzrayim' means 'king of Egypt', 'beyad' means 'in the hand of', 'oivav' means 'his enemies', 'uveyd' means 'and in the hand of', 'mevak'shei nafsho' means 'those seeking his life', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'natati' means 'I gave', 'Tsidkiyahu' means 'Zedekiah', 'melech Yehudah' means 'king of Judah', 'Nebuchadrezar' means 'Nebuchadnezzar', 'melech Bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'oivvo' means 'his enemy', 'umevakesh nafsho' means 'and those seeking his life'.
JER.45
[JER.45.1] The word that Jeremiah the prophet spoke to Baruch son of Neriah in his writing, the words these on a book from the mouth of Jeremiah in the fourth year to Jehoiakim son of Josiah king of Judah, saying. [§]
hadavar asher dibber yirmiyahu hanavi el-baruch ben-neriyah bechatvo et-hadvarim ha'eleh al-sefer mippi yirmiyahu bashanah harvi'it leyohoiakim ben-yoshiyahu melek yehudah leemor.
'hadavar' means 'the word', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'dibber' means 'spoke', 'yirmiyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'hanavi' means 'the prophet', 'el-baruch' means 'to Baruch', 'ben-neriyah' means 'son of Neriah', 'bechatvo' means 'in his writing', 'et' is the accusative marker (not rendered in English), 'hadvarim' means 'the words', 'ha'eleh' means 'these', 'al-sefer' means 'on the book', 'mippi' means 'from the mouth', 'bashanah' means 'in the year', 'harvi'it' means 'the fourth', 'leyohoiakim' means 'to Jehoiakim', 'ben-yoshiyahu' means 'son of Josiah', 'melek' means 'king', 'yehudah' means 'Judah', 'leemor' means 'to say'.
[JER.45.2] Thus said Yahveh, the Gods of Israel, blessed upon you. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael aleikha barukh.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Elohei' means 'the Gods of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'aleikha' means 'upon you' (addressed to a male), and 'barukh' means 'blessed'.
[JER.45.3] You said, woe indeed to me, because Yahveh will increase sorrow upon my pain; I have been afflicted in my sighs and I have not found rest. [§]
Amarta oyi-na li ki yasaf Yahveh yagon al makh'ovi yagati be-anachati u-menucha lo matzati.
'Amarta' means 'you said'; 'oyi-na' means 'woe indeed' (an idiom of lament); 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me'; 'ki' means 'because' or 'for'; 'yasaf' means 'will add' or 'increase'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH; 'yagon' means 'grief' or 'sorrow'; 'al' means 'upon' or 'over'; 'makh'ovi' means 'my pain' (literally 'my suffering'); 'yagati' means 'I have been afflicted' or 'I have suffered'; 'be-anachati' means 'in my sighs' (literally 'in my groaning'); 'u-menucha' means 'and rest'; 'lo' means 'not'; 'matzati' means 'I have found'. The phrase 'oyi-na li' is an idiom expressing deep distress, rendered here literally as 'woe indeed to me'.
[JER.45.4] Thus you shall say to him, Thus said Yahveh, Behold, that which I have built I will raze, and that which I have planted I will uproot, and all the land it is. [§]
Ko tomar elav ko amar Yahveh hineh asher baniti ani hores veet asher natati ani notesh veet kol haaretz hi.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'tomar' means 'you will say', 'elav' means 'to him', the second 'ko' repeats 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hineh' means 'behold', 'asher baniti' means 'that which I have built', 'ani' means 'I', 'hores' means 'will raze', 'veet' means 'and', 'asher natati' means 'that which I have planted', 'notesh' means 'will uproot', 'veet kol haaretz' means 'and all the land', 'hi' means 'it is'.
[JER.45.5] And you will seek great things for yourself; do not seek them, for behold, I am bringing evil upon all flesh, says Yahveh, and I will give your soul as plunder over all the places where you go there. [§]
ve'atta tevakesh lekha gedolot al tevakesh ki hineni mevi ra'ah al kol basar neum Yahveh ve'natati lekha et nafshkha le'shalal al kol ha-mekomot asher telach sham.
've'atta' means 'and you', 'tevakesh' means 'will seek', 'lekha' means 'for yourself', 'gedolot' means 'great things', 'al' means 'do not', 'tevakesh' (second occurrence) means 'seek', 'ki' means 'for', 'hineni' means 'behold, I am here', 'mevi' means 'bringing', 'ra'ah' means 'evil', 'kol' means 'all', 'basar' means 'flesh', 'neum' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 've'natati' means 'and I will give', 'et' is a particle introducing the object, 'nafshkha' means 'your soul', 'le'shalal' means 'as a plunder', 'ha-mekomot' means 'the places', 'asher' means 'where', 'telach' means 'you will go', 'sham' means 'there'.
JER.46
[JER.46.1] which was the word of Yahveh to Jeremiah the prophet concerning the nations. [§]
asher hayah devar Yahveh el Yirmiyahu hanavi al hagoyim.
'asher' means 'which', 'hayah' means 'was', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmiyahu' is the proper name Jeremiah, 'hanavi' means 'the prophet', 'al' means 'concerning' or 'about', 'hagoyim' means 'the nations'.
[JER.46.2] To Egypt, upon the host of Pharaoh who is dead, the king of Egypt who was over the river Perat in Carchemish, who struck Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, in the fourth year of Johoiakim son of Josiah, king of Judah. [§]
Le-Mitzrayim al cheil Par'o nechoh melech Mitzrayim asher haya al nehar Perat beKarkemish asher hika Nebuchadrezar melech Bavel bi-shnat ha-arbei'it Lihoyakim ben Yoshiyahu melech Yehudah.
'Le-Mitzrayim' means 'to Egypt', 'al' means 'upon' or 'over', 'cheil' means 'the host/army', 'Par'o' means 'Pharaoh', 'nechoh' means 'is dead', 'melech Mitzrayim' means 'king of Egypt', 'asher haya' means 'who was', 'al nehar Perat' means 'over the river Perat', 'beKarkemish' means 'in Carchemish', 'asher hika' means 'who struck', 'Nebuchadrezar' is the name of the Babylonian king, 'melech Bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'bi-shnat ha-arbei'it' means 'in the fourth year', 'Lihoyakim ben Yoshiyahu' means 'of Johoiakim son of Josiah', 'melech Yehudah' means 'king of Judah'.
[JER.46.3] Lift up the shield and the banner and go to war. [§]
Irkhu magen ve-tzinah u-geshu lamilchamah.
'Irkhu' means 'lift up' or 'raise', 'magen' means 'shield', 've-tzinah' means 'and banner', 'u-geshu' means 'and go', 'lamilchamah' means 'to war' or 'for battle'.
[JER.46.4] Bind the horses and ride the charioteers, and they will stand in the harnesses out of the mire, the angry ones put on the sirtions. [§]
Isru hasusim vaalu haparashim vehityatzvu bekovaim mirku haremahich livshu hasiryonot.
'Isru' means 'bind' (imperative). 'Hasusim' means 'the horses'. 'Vaalu' means 'and go up' or 'and ride'. 'Haparashim' means 'the charioteers' or 'the horsemen'. 'Vehityatzvu' means 'and they will stand'. 'Bekovaim' means 'in the harnesses' or 'in the saddles'. 'Mirku' means 'from the mire' or 'out of the mud'. 'Haremahich' means 'the angry ones' or 'the fierce'. 'Livshu' means 'they put on' or 'they wear'. 'Hasiryonot' means 'the sirtions' (a type of garment or armor).
[JER.46.5] Why I have seen them cutting, cut off behind, and their warriors are slain, and the fugitives have fled, and they did not turn, a whirlwind around, says Yahveh. [§]
Madua ra'iti hemah chatim nesogim achor ve-gibborayhem yukattu u-manus nasu ve-lo hifnu magor misaviv ne'um Yahveh.
'Madua' means 'Why', 'ra'iti' means 'I saw', 'hemah' means 'they', 'chatim' means 'cutting' or 'cut', 'nesogim' means 'cut off', 'achor' means 'behind' or 'at the rear', 've-gibborayhem' means 'and their mighty ones' (warriors), 'yukattu' means 'are slain' or 'are cut down', 'u-manus' means 'and the fugitives', 'nasu' means 'have fled', 've-lo' means 'and they did not', 'hifnu' means 'turn', 'magor' means 'whirl' or 'whirlwind', 'misaviv' means 'around', 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh'.
[JER.46.6] Let not the calf turn aside, and let not the mighty one flee northward over the hand of the flood‑river; they have become weak and have fallen. [§]
Al-yanus haqal ve-al yimmalet hagibor tzfonah al-yad nehar-perat kashlu ve-nafalu.
'Al' means 'let not', 'yanus' means 'be turned aside' or 'flee', 'haqal' means 'the calf', 've' means 'and', 'al' (again) means 'let not', 'yimmalet' means 'escape' or 'flee', 'hagibor' means 'the mighty one' or 'the hero', 'tzfonah' means 'northward', 'al' means 'upon' or 'over', 'yad' means 'hand' (idiomatically "by the hand of"), 'nehar' means 'river', 'perat' means 'flood' or 'overflow', 'kashlu' means 'they have become weak' or 'they have perished', 've' means 'and', 'nafalu' means 'they have fallen'.
[JER.46.7] Who is this that will rise like fire, like the rivers that rush from its waters? [§]
Mi-zeh kaye'or ya'aleh kan'harot yitgashu meimav.
'Mi' means 'who', 'zeh' means 'this', together 'Mi-zeh' means 'who is this'. 'ka' is a prefix meaning 'like' or 'as'. 'ye'or' (pronounced 'yeor') means 'fire' or 'light', so 'kaye'or' means 'like fire'. 'ya'aleh' means 'will rise' or 'will go up'. 'kan'harot' is 'like rivers' ('kan' = like, 'harot' = rivers). 'yitgashu' means 'will rush' or 'will surge'. 'meimav' means 'from its waters'.
[JER.46.8] Egypt shall rise like a flood and the rivers shall be overwhelmed by waters, and he said, I will lift up, I will cover the land, I will destroy the city and its inhabitants. [§]
Mitzrayim kayyeor yaaleh ve'kaneharot yitgo'ashu mayim vayomer a'aleh akasse-eretz ovida ir ve'yoshvei bah.
'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'ka' means 'like', 'yeor' means 'a flood', 'yaaleh' means 'shall rise', 've' means 'and', 'kaneharot' means 'the rivers', 'yitgo'ashu' means 'will be astonished' or 'will be overwhelmed', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'vayomer' means 'and he said', 'a'aleh' means 'I will lift up', 'akasse-eretz' means 'I will cover the land', 'ovida' means 'I will destroy', 'ir' means 'the city', 've' means 'and', 'yoshvei' means 'its inhabitants', 'bah' means 'in it'.
[JER.46.9] Ride up, O horses, and be proud, O chariot; let the mighty go forth—Cush and Put, the captors of the shield, and the Lud, the captors of the bow‑riders. [§]
Alu ha-susim ve-hithol'lu ha-rechev ve-yetz'u ha-gibborim: Kush u-Put tof'sei magen ve-ludim tof'sei dorkhei keshet.
'Alu' means 'rise' or 'ride up', 'ha-susim' means 'the horses', 've-hithol'lu' means 'and be proud', 'ha-rechev' means 'the chariot', 've-yetz'u' means 'and go forth', 'ha-gibborim' means 'the mighty ones', 'Kush' is a proper name (Cush), 'u-Put' means 'and Put' (another nation), 'tof'sei' means 'captors of' or 'those who seize', 'magen' means 'shield', 've-ludim' means 'and the Ludim' (another people), 'dorkhei' means 'riders of', 'keshet' means 'the bow' (i.e., bow‑men).
[JER.46.10] And that day for my Lord Yahveh of hosts is a day of vengeance to avenge from his enemies, and he will devour sword and be satisfied and be satiated from their blood, because a sacrifice to my Lord Yahveh of hosts in the northern land to the river Euphrates. [§]
vehayom hahu leadonai Yahveh tzevaot yom nekmah lehinnekem mitsarav veachla cherav vesav'a verovta midamam ki zevach leadonai Yahveh tzevaot beeretz tzafon el nahar prat.
'vehayom' means 'and the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'leadonai' means 'to my Lord' (Adonai = my Lord), 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'of hosts', 'yom' means 'day', 'nekmah' means 'of vengeance', 'lehinnekem' means 'to avenge', 'mitsarav' means 'from his enemies', 'veachla' means 'and devour', 'cherav' means 'sword', 'vesav'a' means 'and be satisfied', 'verovta' means 'and be satiated', 'midamam' means 'from their blood', 'ki' means 'because', 'zevach' means 'sacrifice', 'beeretz' means 'in the land', 'tzafon' means 'north', 'el' means 'to', 'nahar' means 'river', 'prat' means 'Euphrates'.
[JER.46.11] Rise, Gilead, and take my rock, the virgin daughter of Egypt; in vain I have increased cures, your ascent has none. [§]
Ali Gilead u'kchi t'sori betulat bat-Mitzrayim lashav harbeiti refuot teala ein lakh.
'Ali' means 'go up' or 'rise', 'Gilead' is a place name, 'u'kchi' means 'and take', 't'sori' means 'my rock', 'betulat' means 'virgin' or 'maiden', 'bat-Mitzrayim' means 'daughter of Egypt', 'lashav' means 'in vain' or 'uselessly', 'harbeiti' means 'I increased' or 'I multiplied', 'refuot' means 'cures' or 'healings', 'teala' means 'ascent' or 'going up', 'ein' means 'none' or 'there is not', 'lakh' means 'for you' (feminine).
[JER.46.12] Nations have heard your boast and your proclamation has filled the earth, because a mighty one with a mighty one have fallen together; both of them have been smitten. [§]
Shamu goyim k'lonkha ve-tzivkhatkha maleh haaretz ki gibor be-gibor kashlu yachdav naf'lu sheneyhem.
'Shamu' means 'have heard', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'k'lonkha' means 'your boast', 've-tzivkhatkha' means 'and your proclamation', 'maleh' means 'is full', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'ki' means 'because', 'gibor' means 'mighty one', 'be-gibor' means 'with a mighty one', 'kashlu' means 'they have fallen', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'naf'lu' means 'they have been smitten', 'sheneyhem' means 'both of them'.
[JER.46.13] The thing which Yahveh said to Jeremiah the prophet that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon would come to strike the land of Egypt. [§]
ha-davar asher diber Yahveh el Yirmeyahu ha-navi lavoh Nebuchadrezar melech Bavel le-hakot et eretz Mitzrayim.
'ha-davar' means 'the word/thing', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'diber' means 'spoke' or 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'ha-navi' means 'the prophet', 'lavoh' means 'that (he) would come', 'Nebuchadrezar' is the name Nebuchadnezzar, 'melech' means 'king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'le-hakot' means 'to strike', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'eretz' means 'land', and 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'.
[JER.46.14] Announce in Egypt and make it heard in Migdal and make it heard with a horn and with a blowing sound; say, 'Stand firm and prepare yourself, for the sword has devoured around you.' [§]
hagidu b'mitzrayim vehashmiu b'migdal vehashmiu b'noff u'vetachpanches imru hityatsev ve'haken lakh ki-ochla cherev s'vibecha.
'hagidu' means 'announce' (imperative plural), 'b'mitzrayim' means 'in Egypt', 'vehashmiu' means 'and make it heard', 'b'migdal' means 'in Migdal (the tower)', the second 'vehashmiu' repeats 'and make it heard', 'b'noff' means 'with a horn or trumpet', 'u'vetachpanches' means 'and with a blowing sound', 'imru' means 'say', 'hityatsev' means 'stand firm' (imperative), 've'haken' means 'and prepare', 'lakh' means 'for you' (masculine singular), 'ki-ochla' means 'for (it) has devoured', 'cherev' means 'the sword', 's'vibecha' means 'around you'.
[JER.46.15] Why is your hero being pursued? He did not stand because Yahveh is his pursuer. [§]
madua nischaf avirekha lo amad ki Yahveh hadavo.
'madua' means 'why', 'nischaf' means 'is being pursued', 'avirekha' means 'your hero' (from 'abir' = mighty man + 'ekha' = your), 'lo' means 'not', 'amad' means 'stood', 'ki' means 'because', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hadavo' means 'is his pursuer' (the verb 'hadav' = pursue + suffix 'o' = his).
[JER.46.16] Many were the oppressors, also a man fell to his companion, and they said, 'Rise, and we will return to our people and to the land of our birth because of the sword of the dove.' [§]
Hirbah koshel gam-napal ish el-re'ehu vayomeru kumah ve-nashubah el-amenu ve-el eretz moladenu mipnei cherev hayona.
'Hirbah' means 'many', 'koshel' means 'oppressors' or 'weights', 'gam' means 'also', 'napal' means 'fell', 'ish' means 'a man', 'el' means 'to', 're'ehu' means 'his companion', 'vayomeru' means 'and they said', 'kumah' means 'rise', 've-nashubah' means 'and we will return', 'el-amenu' means 'to our people', 've-el eretz' means 'and to the land', 'moladenu' means 'of our birth', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'cherev' means 'sword', 'hayona' means 'of the dove'.
[JER.46.17] They called there Pharaoh, king of Egypt, Shaon, who transferred the appointed time. [§]
Karu sham Pharaoh melekh-Mitzrayim shaon heevir ha-moed.
'Karu' means 'they called', 'sham' means 'there', 'Pharaoh' is the title for the Egyptian ruler, 'melekh-Mitzrayim' means 'king of Egypt', 'shaon' is a proper name appearing in the text, 'heevir' means 'he transferred' or 'he caused to pass', 'ha-moed' means 'the appointed time' or 'the festival'.
[JER.46.18] Truly I, says the king, Yahveh of hosts, His name, because like a furnace in the mountains and like cinnamon in the sea will come. [§]
Chai-ani ne'um ha-melekh Yahveh Tzevaot shmo ki k'tavur beharim uk'karmel bayam yavo.
'Chai-ani' means 'Truly I (alive I)', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', together 'Yahveh of hosts', 'shmo' means 'His name', 'ki' means 'because', 'k'tavur' means 'like a furnace', 'beharim' means 'in the mountains', 'uk'karmel' means 'and like cinnamon', 'bayam' means 'in the sea', 'yavo' means 'will come'.
[JER.46.19] Like exile, make for yourself a dwelling, daughter of Egypt, for you will become a wing to the heavens and you will be scattered from where a dweller resides. [§]
K'lei golah as'i lakh yoshevet bat-Mitzrayim ki nof le-shamma tihyeh ve-nitz'ah mei'eyn yoshev.
'K'lei' means 'like', 'golah' means 'exile' or 'banishment', 'as'i' means 'make' (imperative feminine), 'lakh' means 'to you', 'yoshevet' means 'dwelling' (feminine present participle), 'bat-Mitzrayim' means 'the daughter of Egypt', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'nof' means 'a wing' or 'flight', 'le-shamma' means 'to the heavens', 'tihyeh' means 'you will become' (feminine), 've-nitz'ah' means 'and you will be scattered', 'mei'eyn' means 'from the place of', 'yoshev' means 'dweller' (masculine).
[JER.46.20] A kid, beautiful of the mouth, from Egypt, the land from the north, came, came. [§]
Egelah yefe-piyah miTzrayim kerez mi-tsafon ba ba.
'Egelah' means 'young goat' (kid). 'Yefe-piyah' is a compound meaning 'beautiful of the mouth' or 'pretty‑mouthed'. 'MiTzrayim' means 'from Egypt'. 'Kerez' means 'region' or 'land'. 'Mi-tsafon' means 'from the north'. 'Ba' means 'came', and it is repeated for emphasis.
[JER.46.21] Also its wages are within it like the lambs of the market, for also they turned and fled together; they did not stand, because the day of their ruin has come upon them, the time of their punishment. [§]
Gam sekhireha beqirbah ke'eglei marbek ki gam hemmah hipnu nasu yachdav lo amadu ki yom eidam ba aleihem et pekudatam.
Gam means 'also', sekhireha means 'its wages', beqirbah means 'within it', ke'eglei means 'like the young of', marbek means 'the market', ki means 'for', gam means 'also', hemmah means 'they', hipnu means 'they turned', nasu means 'they fled', yachdav means 'together', lo means 'not', amadu means 'they stood', ki means 'because', yom means 'day', eidam means 'their ruin', ba means 'has come', aleihem means 'upon them', et is a marker of the direct object, pekudatam means 'their punishment'.
[JER.46.22] Her voice goes like a snake, because in war they will go, and in crimson they came to her like woodcutters. [§]
Kolah kanahash yelech ki bechayil yelechu uvecardummot ba'u lah kechotvei etzim.
'Kolah' means 'her voice'; 'kanahash' means 'like a snake'; 'yelech' means 'will go'; 'ki' means 'because' or 'for'; 'bechayil' means 'in war' or 'with warlike force'; 'yelechu' means 'they will go'; 'uvecardummot' means 'and in crimson (scarlet)'; 'ba'u' means 'they came'; 'lah' means 'to her'; 'kechotvei' means 'like the woodcutters' (literally 'as cutters of wood'); 'etzim' means 'trees' or 'wood'.
[JER.46.23] They cut its forest, says Yahveh, because it shall not be investigated, because they are many beyond the flood and there is no number for them. [§]
Kartu yaarah ne'um Yahveh ki lo yechaker ki rabu me'arbeh ve'ein lahem mispar.
'Kartu' means 'they cut', 'yaarah' means 'its forest', 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'yechaker' means 'will be investigated', 'ki' again means 'because', 'rabu' means 'they are many', 'me'arbeh' means 'from the flood' (or 'beyond the flood'), 've'ein' means 'and there is no', 'lahem' means 'for them', 'mispar' means 'number'.
[JER.46.24] Hovisha, the daughter of Egypt, was given into the hand of the northern people. [§]
Hovisha bat Mitzrayim nittenah beyad am Tzafon.
'Hovisha' is a proper name; 'bat' means 'daughter'; 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt' and together 'bat Mitzrayim' means 'daughter of Egypt'; 'nittenah' is a passive verb meaning 'was given' (feminine); 'beyad' means 'in the hand of' or 'by the hand of'; 'am' means 'people' or 'nation'; 'Tzafon' means 'north' and together 'am Tzafon' means 'people of the north'.
[JER.46.25] Yahveh of Hosts the Gods of Israel said, Behold, I will appoint to Ammon from him and upon Pharaoh and upon Egypt and upon her Gods and upon her Kings and upon Pharaoh and upon those who trust in him. [§]
Amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael hineni pokeid el-Ammon minno ve'al-Paroh ve'al-Mitzrayim ve'al-Eloheiha ve'al-Melacheha ve'al-Paroh ve'al ha-botchim bo.
'Amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'of Hosts', 'Elohei' comes from Elohim and is rendered as 'the Gods', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'pokeid' means 'will appoint' or 'will charge', 'el-Ammon' means 'to Ammon', 'minno' is a prepositional phrase meaning 'from him', 've'al-Paroh' means 'and upon Pharaoh', 've'al-Mitzrayim' means 'and upon Egypt', 've'al-Eloheiha' means 'and upon her Gods', 've'al-Melacheha' means 'and upon her Kings', 've'al ha-botchim bo' means 'and upon those who trust in him'. The names of God are translated literally per the given rules: YHVH as Yahveh, Elohim as the Gods.
[JER.46.26] I will give them into the hand of those who seek their lives, and into the hand of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and into the hand of his servants; and after that they will dwell in the days of old, says Yahveh. [§]
u-natattim be-yad mevakeshei nafsham u-be-yad Nebuchadrezar melech Babel u-be-yad avadav ve-acharei-ken tishkon ki-mei kedem ne'um Yahveh.
'u-natattim' means 'and I will give them', 'be-yad' means 'into the hand of', 'mevakeshei' means 'those who seek', 'nafsham' means 'their lives', 'Nebuchadrezar' is the name of the king of Babylon, 'melech' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'avadav' means 'his servants', 've-acharei-ken' means 'and after that', 'tishkon' means 'they will dwell', 'ki-mei' means 'in the days of', 'kedem' means 'old/ancient', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.46.27] And you, do not fear, my servant Jacob, and do not be dismayed, Israel, for behold, I am your saviour from afar and your seed from the land of captivity; Jacob will return, and be at peace, and be secure, and there will be no terror. [§]
veata al-tira avdi Yaakov veal-techat Yisrael ki hineni moshiacha merachok veet-zaracha mearets shivyam ve-shav Yaakov ve-shakat ve-shanan ve-ein macharid.
'veata' means 'and you', 'al-tira' means 'do not fear', 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob', 'veal-techat' means 'and do not be dismayed', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'ki' means 'for', 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'moshiacha' means 'your saviour', 'merachok' means 'from afar', 'veet-zaracha' means 'and your seed', 'mearets' means 'from the land', 'shivyam' means 'of captivity', 've-shav' means 'and will return', 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob', 've-shakat' means 'and be at peace', 've-shanan' means 'and be secure', 've-ein' means 'there is no', 'macharid' means 'terror'.
[JER.46.28] Do not be afraid, my servant Jacob, says Yahveh, because I am with you. Because I will bring ruin upon all the nations that have driven you there, and I will not bring ruin upon you, and I will bring you to judgment, and I will not make you unclean. [§]
atah al-tira avdi Yaakov ne'um Yahveh ki ittecha ani ki e'eseh kalah bechol ha-goyim asher hiddachticha shammah ve'otcha lo e'eseh kalah viysarticha la-mishpat ve'nakkeh lo anakecha.
'atah' means 'you (singular)', 'al-tira' means 'do not be afraid', 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'Yaakov' is the name Jacob, 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ki' means 'because', 'ittecha' means 'with you', 'ani' means 'I', 'e'eseh' means 'I will do/make', 'kalah' means 'ruin' or 'destruction', 'bechol ha-goyim' means 'among all the nations', 'asher' means 'that', 'hiddachticha' means 'have driven you', 'shammah' means 'there', 've'otcha' means 'and you', 'lo' means 'not', 'viysarticha' means 'I will bring you to judgment', 'la-mishpat' means 'to judgment', 've'nakkeh' means 'and I will not make you unclean', 'anakecha' means 'I will not make you unclean'.
JER.47
[JER.47.1] Which was the word of Yahveh to Jeremiah the prophet concerning the Philistines before Pharaoh struck Aza. [§]
Asher haya devar Yahveh el-Yirmeyahu ha-navi el-Philistim be-terem yakeh Pharaoh et-Aza.
'Asher' means 'which' or 'that', 'haya' means 'was', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el' means 'to' or 'against', 'Yirmeyahu' is the personal name Jeremiah, 'ha-navi' means 'the prophet', 'el-Philistim' means 'concerning the Philistines', 'be-terem' means 'before', 'yakeh' means 'strikes' or 'hits', 'Pharaoh' is the title for the Egyptian ruler, 'et' is a grammatical particle marking the direct object, and 'Aza' is a proper name.
[JER.47.2] Thus says Yahveh, Behold, waters are rising from the north and will become a sweeping flood, and they will wash over the earth and its fullness, the city and its inhabitants, and the people will cry out and all who dwell on the earth will howl. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh hineh mayim olim mitzafon ve-hayu le-nachal shoteif ve-yishtfu erets u-meloah ir ve-yoshevei bah ve-zaaku ha adam ve-heilil kol yoshev ha aretz.
'Koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'hineh' means 'behold', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'olim' means 'rising', 'mitzafon' means 'from the north', 've-hayu' means 'and they will become', 'le-nachal' means 'a flood/stream', 'shoteif' means 'sweeping', 've-yishtfu' means 'and they will wash over', 'erets' means 'the earth', 'u-meloah' means 'and its fullness', 'ir' means 'city', 've-yoshevei' means 'and its inhabitants', 'bah' means 'in it', 've-zaaku' means 'and they will cry out', 'ha adam' means 'the people', 've-heilil' means 'and howl', 'kol' means 'all', 'yoshev' means 'who dwell', 'ha aretz' means 'the earth'.
[JER.47.3] From the voice of a lash of his chariots' spurs, from the noise to his chariot, the multitude of its wheels did not turn the fathers toward the children, from the crushing hands. [§]
mikol sha'etat parsot aviro me'raash le-rikvo hamon galgilayv lo hifnu avot el banim merifon yadaim.
'mikol' means 'from the voice', 'sha'etat' means 'of a lash/whip', 'parsot' means 'spurs', 'aviro' means 'of his mighty ones', 'me'raash' means 'from the noise', 'le-rikvo' means 'to his chariot', 'hamon' means 'the multitude', 'galgilayv' means 'its wheels', 'lo hifnu' means 'did not turn', 'avot' means 'fathers', 'el banim' means 'to the sons/children', 'merifon' means 'from the crushing/pressing', 'yadaim' means 'hands'.
[JER.47.4] On the coming day he will plunder all the Philistines, to cut off Gaza and Ashdod, all the military helpers, because Yahveh plunders the Philistines, the remnant of Kaftor. [§]
Al hayom haba li-shdod et kol pelishtim le-hakrit le-tzor u-le-tsidon kol sarid ozer ki shoded Yahveh et pelishtim sheerit i kaftor.
'Al' means 'on', 'hayom' means 'the day', 'haba' means 'coming', 'li-shdod' means 'to plunder', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'pelishtim' means 'Philistines', 'le-hakrit' means 'to cut off', 'le-tzor' means 'to Gaza', 'u-le-tsidon' means 'and to Ashdod', 'kol' again means 'all', 'sarid' means 'military', 'ozer' means 'helpers', 'ki' means 'because', 'shoded' means 'plunders', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'sheerit' means 'remnant', 'i' is a conjunction meaning 'of', and 'kaftor' is a place name.
[JER.47.5] She came bald to the strong; Ashkelon is desolate, the remnant of its depths; until when will you be arrogant? [§]
Baa'ah kar'cha el-azah nidmetah Ashkelon she'erit imqam ad-matay titgodedi.
'Baa'ah' means 'came' (feminine), 'kar'cha' means 'bald' or 'shorn', 'el-azah' means 'to the strong (one)', 'nidmetah' means 'is desolate' or 'has perished', 'Ashkelon' is the name of the Philistine city, 'she'erit' means 'the remnant', 'imqam' means 'its depth' or 'its place', 'ad-matay' means 'until when', 'titgodedi' means 'will you become haughty' or 'will you be arrogant'.
[JER.47.6] Woe, sword to Yahveh! Until when will you not be silent? Gather! Do not stir! You will kill and be silent. [§]
Hoy chered laYahveh ad-ana lo tishkoti heasfi al-taarekher herag'i va-domi.
'Hoy' means 'woe', 'chered' means 'sword', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh' (the name YHVH rendered as Yahveh), 'ad-ana' means 'until when', 'lo' means 'not', 'tishkoti' means 'you will be quiet' (feminine singular), 'heasfi' means 'gather!' (imperative), 'al-taarekher' means 'do not stir up' or 'do not be disturbed', 'herag'i' means 'you will kill' (imperative), 'va-domi' means 'and silence' or 'and be silent'.
[JER.47.7] How shall I be quiet, and Yahveh commanded her to Ashkelon and to the shore of the sea; there she will be appointed. [§]
Eich tishkoti vayYahveh tzivvah-la el Ashkelon veel chof hayam sham yeadah.
'Eich' means 'how', 'tishkoti' means 'shall I be quiet' (first person singular), 'vayYahveh' means 'and Yahveh' (YHVH transliterated as Yahveh), 'tzivvah-la' means 'commanded her' (tzivvah = commanded, -la = to her), 'el' means 'to' or 'against', 'Ashkelon' is the name of the city Ashkelon, 'veel' means 'and to', 'chof' means 'coast' or 'shore', 'hayam' means 'the sea', 'sham' means 'there', 'yeadah' means 'she will be appointed' or 'she will be set'.
JER.48
[JER.48.1] To Moab thus said Yahveh of hosts, God of Israel, woe to Nebo, for it has been shaken; it was shamed, captured, two cities were shamed, the stronghold and it was destroyed. [§]
Lemoav koh amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael hoy el-nevo ki shuddada hovisha nilkedah kiryatayim hovisha hamisgab vachata.
'Lemoav' means 'to Moab', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' is a form of Elohim and is rendered here as 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hoy' means 'woe', 'el-nevo' means 'to Nebo', 'ki' means 'for', 'shuddada' means 'shuddered' or 'shaken', 'hovisha' means 'shamed', 'nilkedah' means 'captured', 'kiryatayim' means 'two cities', 'hamisgab' means 'the stronghold', and 'vachata' means 'and destroyed'. The names of God are translated literally: YHVH becomes 'Yahveh', and Elohim becomes 'the Gods' but in the construct 'Elohei' it functions as 'God of'.
[JER.48.2] There is no longer any praise of Moab; they have plotted evil against her in the account. Go, and we will cut her off from the nation; also the Madmen will be desolated, and after you a sword will go. [§]
Ein od tehillat Moav bechesvon chashvu aleya raah lechu venakhritenah migoy gam-madmen tidomi acharayich teilech charev.
'Ein' means 'there is not', 'od' means 'anymore', 'tehillat' means 'praise', 'Moav' is the name 'Moab', 'bechesvon' means 'in the calculation/account', 'chashvu' means 'they have counted/plotted', 'aleyha' means 'against her', 'raah' means 'evil', 'lechu' means 'go', 'venakhritenah' means 'and we will cut her off', 'migoy' means 'from the nation', 'gam' means 'also', 'madmen' is a proper name (a people), 'tidomi' means 'will be desolated', 'acharayich' means 'after you', 'teilech' means 'will go', 'charev' means 'a sword'.
[JER.48.3] A cry of alarm from the heavens, ruin and great destruction. [§]
Kol tzeaka mehoronayim shod vshever gadol.
'Kol' means 'voice' or 'cry', 'tzeaka' means 'shout' or 'alarm', 'me' is a preposition meaning 'from', 'horonayim' means 'the heavens', 'shod' means 'ruin' or 'destruction', 'vshever' means 'and great', 'gadol' means 'large' or 'great'.
[JER.48.4] Moab is broken; let her youths cry out. [§]
Nishbe'rah Moab, hishmiyu ze'akah tze'ireha.
'Nishbe'rah' means 'is broken', 'Moab' is the name of the nation Moab, 'hismiyu' means 'they cause to be heard' or 'let them make heard', 'ze'akah' means 'a cry' or 'shout', 'tze'ireha' means 'her youths'.
[JER.48.5] Because the one who lifts the tablets will lift in my weeping, because in rebellion of two pits the oppression cry of breaking they heard. [§]
Ki maaleh haluchot bibchi yaaleh-bech ki bemorad choronayim tzarai tzaakat-shever shamu.
'Ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'maaleh' means 'one who lifts' or 'the ascender', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'luchot' means 'tablets', 'bi' means 'in' or 'by', 'bchi' means 'my weeping', 'yaaleh' means 'will lift' or 'will ascend', 'bech' is an enclitic form of 'you' or 'in you' (here taken as a grammatical ending of the verb), 'ki' again means 'because', 'be' means 'in', 'morad' means 'rebellion' or 'mutiny', 'choronayim' means 'two pits' or 'two hollows', 'tzarei' means 'oppression' or 'tightness', 'tzaakat' means 'cry' or 'shout', 'shever' means 'break' or 'brokenness', and 'shamu' means 'they heard'.
[JER.48.6] Flee! Save your lives, and it will be like a burning thorn in the desert. [§]
Nusu maltu nafshkhem ve-tihyeinah ka'aroeir ba-midbar.
'Nusu' means 'flee' (imperative plural), 'maltu' means 'save' (imperative plural), 'nafshkhem' means 'your lives' (plural you), 've' means 'and', 'tihyeinah' means 'it will become' (future third person), 'ka' means 'like', 'aroeir' means 'a burning thorn' (literal image of a sharp, scorching plant), 'ba' means 'in', 'midbar' means 'the desert'.
[JER.48.7] For because of your confidence in your deeds and in your stores, even you will be captured, and you will go out like a moth in the wheel, his priests and his officials together. [§]
ki ya'an bitechekh bemaasayich uveotsrotayich gam-at tilakedi veyatsa kemosh bagolah kohnav vesarav yachad.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'ya'an' means 'because', 'bitechakh' means 'in your confidence', 'bemaasayich' means 'in your deeds', 'uveotsrotayich' means 'and in your stores', 'gam-at' means 'also you', 'tilakedi' means 'you will be captured', 'veyatsa' means 'and you will go out', 'kemosh' means 'like a moth', 'bagolah' means 'in the wheel', 'kohnav' means 'his priests', 'vesarav' means 'and his officials', 'yachad' means 'together'.
[JER.48.8] And a marauder will come to every city and no city will escape, and the valley will be lost and the plain will be destroyed, which Yahveh said. [§]
ve-yavo shoded el kol-ir ve-ir lo timalet ve-avad ha-emek ve-nishmad ha-mishor asher amar Yahveh.
've-yavo' means 'and [he] will come', 'shoded' means 'plunderer' or 'marauder', 'el' means 'to', 'kol-ir' means 'all city' (every city), 've-ir' means 'and city', 'lo' means 'not', 'timalet' means 'will be saved' or 'escape', 've-avad' means 'and [it] will be lost', 'ha-emek' means 'the valley', 've-nishmad' means 'and will be destroyed', 'ha-mishor' means 'the plain', 'asher' means 'which', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.48.9] Give a riddle to Moab, for it will go out; and its cities will become ruin, with no one dwelling in them. [§]
Tenu tzitz le-Moab ki natsó tetze ve-areiha le-shamma tihyeinah me-ein yoshev ba-chen.
'Tenu' means 'give', 'tzitz' is an idiom meaning 'a riddle' or 'a puzzling saying', 'le-Moab' means 'to Moab', 'ki' means 'because', 'natsó' (from the root natsah) means 'they will be taken out' or 'they will go out', 'tetze' means 'will go out', 've-areiha' means 'and its cities', 'le-shamma' (from shama) means 'to desolation' or 'to ruin', 'tihyeinah' means 'will become', 'me-ein' means 'from without' or 'no', 'yoshev' means 'inhabitant', 'ba-chen' means 'in them'.
[JER.48.10] Cursed is he who does the work of Yahveh deceitfully, and cursed is he who restrains the sword from blood. [§]
Arur Oseh Melechet Yahveh Remiyah veArur Monea Chereb Midam.
'Arur' means 'cursed', 'Oseh' means 'one who does', 'Melechet' means 'work', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'Remiyah' means 'deception' or 'falsehood', 'veArur' means 'and cursed', 'Monea' means 'one who restrains', 'Chereb' means 'sword', 'Midam' means 'from blood' or 'of blood'.
[JER.48.11] Shanan Moab, from his youth, is quiet to his guard, and not only a vessel to a vessel, and in exile he did not go; therefore he stood, its taste in it, and its smell was not pleasant. [§]
Sha'anan Moab min-ne'uraiv ve shoket hu el shemarav ve lo hurak mikli el keli u bagolah lo halakh al ken amad tamo bo ve reiho lo namar.
'Sha'anan' means 'tranquil' (used here as a proper name), 'Moab' is the name of the nation Moab, 'min-ne'uraiv' means 'from his youth', 've' means 'and', 'shoket' means 'quiet', 'hu' means 'he', 'el' means 'to', 'shemarav' means 'his guard' or 'his keeping', 've' again means 'and', 'lo' means 'not', 'hurak' means 'only', 'mikli' means 'from a vessel', 'el' means 'to', 'keli' means 'vessel', 'u' means 'and', 'bagolah' means 'in exile', 'lo' means 'not', 'halakh' means 'went', 'al ken' means 'therefore', 'amad' means 'stood', 'tamo' means 'its taste', 'bo' means 'in it', 've' means 'and', 'reiho' means 'its smell', 'lo' means 'not', 'namar' means 'pleasant'.
[JER.48.12] Therefore, behold, days are coming, says Yahveh, and I will send to him plagues and strike him, and his vessels will be emptied, and their contents will be scattered. [§]
Lachen hineh- yamim ba'im neum-Yahveh ve-shilachti-lo tzo'im ve-tze'uhu ve-chellav yariku ve-nivlehem yenap'etzū.
'Lachen' means 'Therefore', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ba'im' means 'are coming', 'neum-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 've-shilachti' means 'and I will send', 'lo' means 'to him', 'tzo'im' means 'plagues', 've-tze'uhu' means 'and (I) will strike him', 've-chellav' means 'and his vessels', 'yariku' means 'will be emptied', 've-nivlehem' means 'and their contents', 'yenap'etzū' means 'will be scattered'.
[JER.48.13] And Moab shall be ashamed of its pride, as the house of Israel was ashamed of the house of God, of their trust. [§]
Uvosh Moav mikemosh kaasher boshu beit Yisrael mibeit God mivtechem.
'Uvosh' means 'and ashamed', 'Moav' means 'Moab', 'mikemosh' means 'from its pride', 'kaasher' means 'as', 'boshu' means 'they were ashamed', 'beit' means 'house of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'mibeit' means 'from the house of', 'God' translates the name El as 'God', 'mivtechem' means 'of their trust'.
[JER.48.14] How shall you say, "We are mighty, we are men of war"? [§]
Eich tom'ru gibborim anachnu ve'anshei chayil lamelchamah.
'Eich' means 'how', 'tom'ru' means 'shall you say' (second person plural future), 'gibborim' means 'strong ones' or 'mighty men', 'anachnu' means 'we', 've'anshei' means 'and men of', 'chayil' means 'strength' or 'valor', 'lamelchamah' means 'for war' or 'in battle'.
[JER.48.15] Moab was plundered, and its cities went up, and from the choicest of its youths they went down to the slaughter; says the king, Yahveh of hosts is his name. [§]
Shodad Moab veareha alah u-mivchar bakhurav yardeu latavach ne'um-hamelach Yahveh Tzevaot shemo.
'Shodad' means 'plundered' or 'robbed'; 'Moab' is the name of the nation; 'veareha' means 'and its cities'; 'alah' means 'went up' or 'ascended'; 'u-mivchar' means 'and from the choicest' (literally 'and from the selection'); 'bakhurav' means 'of its young men' (b- = of, khurav = youths); 'yardeu' means 'they went down'; 'latavach' means 'to the slaughter' or 'to the sacrifice'; 'ne'um-hamelach' means 'says the king' (ne'um = says, ha-melech = the king); 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH; 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in armies of heaven); 'shemo' means 'his name'.
[JER.48.16] The day of Moab is near, and its disaster comes very swiftly. [§]
Karov eid-Moab lavo ve raato mihera meod.
'Karov' means 'is near', 'eid' means 'the day', 'Moab' is the name of the nation, 'lavo' means 'to come', 've' means 'and', 'raato' means 'its disaster' or 'its evil', 'mihera' means 'swiftly' or 'quickly', 'meod' means 'very'.
[JER.48.17] Let all his surroundings be astonished, and all who know his name say, 'How the staff of strength is broken, the mighty rod shattered.' [§]
nudu lo kol sevivav vechol yodei shmo imru eicha nishbar matteh-oz makeil tifarah.
'nudu' means 'let be in awe' or 'be astonished', 'lo' means 'him', 'kol sevivav' means 'all his surroundings', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'yodei' means 'who know', 'shmo' means 'his name', 'imru' means 'say', 'eicha' means 'how', 'nishbar' means 'is broken', 'matteh-oz' means 'staff of strength', 'makeil' means 'mighty rod', 'tifarah' means 'shattered' or 'broken'.
[JER.48.18] Rise from honor, sit in the desert, daughter of Dibon; for the plunderer Moab has risen upon you, ruin your fortresses. [§]
redi mikavod yeshvi batzama yosevet bat dibon ki shoded Moab alah bach shichet mibtsrayich.
'redi' means 'rise' or 'go up', 'mikavod' means 'from honor' or 'from glory', 'yeshvi' means 'sit' (imperative), 'batzama' means 'in the desert', 'yosevet' means 'dwelling', 'bat' means 'daughter', 'dibon' is a place name, 'ki' means 'for', 'shoded' means 'plunderer' or 'raider', 'Moab' is the name of the nation Moab, 'alah' means 'has risen' or 'has come up', 'bach' means 'upon you', 'shichet' means 'ruin' or 'destroy', 'mibtsrayich' means 'your fortresses' or 'your towers'.
[JER.48.19] God-way, stand and watch the wild one who sits; ask for rescue and be saved; say, what has happened? [§]
El-derekh imdi ve-tzafi yoshevet aroer sha'ali-nas ve-nimlata imri ma-nih'eta.
'El' means 'God', 'derekh' means 'way' or 'road', 'imdi' is the imperative 'stand', 've' is 'and', 'tzafi' means 'watch' or 'look', 'yoshevet' means 'sitting' (feminine), 'aroer' is a poetic term meaning 'wild' or 'untamed', 'sha'ali-nas' combines 'sha'ali' 'ask' with 'nas' 'escape' giving 'ask for rescue', 've-nimlata' means 'and be saved' (feminine), 'imri' is the imperative 'say', 'ma-nih'eta' means 'what has been' or 'what happened'.
[JER.48.20] Humiliate Moab, for its pride has been broken and its cries are announced in the Arnon, for Moab is ruined. [§]
Hobish Moab ki chatah heylili uzeaki hagido bearnon ki shudad Moab.
'Hobish' is a verb meaning 'shame' or 'humiliate', 'Moab' is the name of the nation Moab, 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'chatah' means 'pride' or 'splendor', 'heylili' is an intensive particle meaning 'has become' or 'is now', 'uzeaki' combines the conjunction 'u' ('and') with 'ze'aki' ('cries' or 'shouts'), 'hagido' is an imperative plural verb meaning 'announce' or 'tell', 'bearnon' means 'in the Arnon (valley)', the second 'ki' again means 'because', 'shudad' means 'ruin', 'destruction' or 'devastation', and the final 'Moab' repeats the target nation.
[JER.48.21] And judgment has come to the land of the level, to the sand, and to Yahtsa, and upon the flooding. [§]
U-mishpat ba el eretz ha-mishor el cholon ve el yahtsa ve al meufa'at.
'U' means 'and', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'ba' means 'has come' or 'has arrived', 'el' means 'to', 'eretz' means 'the land', 'ha-mishor' means 'the level' or 'the plumb line', 'el' again means 'to', 'cholon' means 'the sand' or 'sandy place', 've' means 'and', 'el' again means 'to', 'yahtsa' is a proper name or place unknown in meaning, 've al' means 'and upon', 'meufa'at' means 'the flooding' or 'the surge'.
[JER.48.22] and over Dibon, and over Nebo, and over the house of Diblataim. [§]
ve'al dibon ve'al nevo ve'al beit diblatayim.
've'al' means 'and over', 'dibon' is a place name kept as the literal English name Dibon, 'nevo' is a place name kept as the literal English name Nebo, 'beit' means 'house' or 'house of', and 'diblatayim' is a proper name retained as Diblataim.
[JER.48.23] and upon the two towns, and upon the house of Gamul, and upon the house of Meon. [§]
ve'al qiryatayim ve'al beit gamul ve'al beit me'on.
've'al' means 'and over' or 'and upon', 'qiryatayim' means 'two towns', the second 've'al' repeats 'and over', 'beit' means 'house of', 'gamul' is a proper place name, the third 've'al' again means 'and over', the second 'beit' again means 'house of', and 'me'on' is another proper place name.
[JER.48.24] and upon Kerioth and upon Batsrah and upon all the cities of the land of Moab, the distant ones and the near ones. [§]
ve'al Kerioth ve'al Batsrah ve'al kol-arei eretz Moab ha-rechokot veha-kerovot.
've'al' means 'and on' or 'and concerning'; 'Kerioth' is a place name; the second 've'al' repeats the conjunction; 'Batsrah' is another place name; the third 've'al' again introduces the next phrase; 'kol' means 'all'; 'arei' is the construct form of 'cities'; 'eretz' means 'land' or 'country'; 'Moab' is the name of the region; 'ha-rechokot' means 'the distant (places)'; 'veha-kerovot' means 'and the near (places)'.
[JER.48.25] The horn of Moab has been broken, and its arm has been broken, says Yahveh. [§]
Nigde'ah keren Moab uzero nishbara ne'um Yahveh.
'Nigde'ah' means 'has been broken/off', 'keren' means 'horn', 'Moab' is the name of a nation, 'uzero' means 'and its arm', 'nishbara' means 'has been broken', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God.
[JER.48.26] Let them hire him because on Yahveh He made great and Moab will supply his thirst and it will be for play also he. [§]
hashkiruhu ki al Yahveh higdal ve sapak Moab beqio ve hayah li schok gamhu.
'hashkiruhu' means 'let them hire him', 'ki' means 'because', 'al' means 'on', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'higdal' means 'He made great', 've' means 'and', 'sapak' means 'will supply', 'Moab' is the proper name Moab, 'beqio' means 'in his thirst', 've' again means 'and', 'hayah' means 'it will be', 'li schok' means 'for play', 'gamhu' means 'also he'.
[JER.48.27] And if the mockery was not for you, Israel, if you were found among thieves, because of the measure of your words you will be humbled in it. [§]
ve'im lo ha-sachoq hayah lekha Yisrael im be-ganavim nimtzah ki-midei d'varecha bo titnodad.
've\'im' means 'and if', 'lo' means 'not', 'ha-sachoq' means 'the mockery' or 'the disgrace', 'hayah' means 'was', 'lekha' means 'to you', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'im' means 'if', 'be-ganavim' means 'among thieves', 'nimtzah' means 'found', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'midei' means 'the measure of', 'd\'varecha' means 'your words', 'bo' means 'in it', 'titnodad' means 'you will be humbled' or 'you will be confounded'.
[JER.48.28] Abandon the cities and settle in the rock, dwellers of Moab, and become like a pigeon, reproachful beyond the mouth of Pachat. [§]
Izvu arim ve-shichnu ba-sela yoshevei Moab vi-heyu kiyonah tekannen be-evrei pi-pachat.
'Izvu' means 'abandon' (imperative plural), 'arim' means 'cities', 've-shichnu' means 'and settle' (imperative plural), 'ba-sela' means 'in the rock', 'yoshevei' means 'inhabitants of' (construct form), 'Moab' is the name of the region Moab, 'vi-heyu' means 'and they will be', 'kiyonah' means 'like a pigeon' or 'dove', 'tekannen' means 'reproachful' or 'cursed', 'be-evrei' means 'beyond' or 'across', 'pi-pachat' means 'the mouth of Pachat' (a place name).
[JER.48.29] We have heard the pride of Moab, a very proud one, his height, his pride, his arrogance, and his lofty heart. [§]
Shamanu geon Moav ge'eh meod gavho uge'ono vegaavato verum libbo.
'Shamanu' means 'we have heard', 'geon' means 'pride' or 'exultation', 'Moav' is the proper name Moab, 'ge'eh' means 'proud' (in the sense of being lofty), 'meod' means 'very' or 'exceedingly', 'gavho' means 'his height' or 'his uplifted stature', 'uge'ono' means 'and his pride', 'vegaavato' means 'and his arrogance', 'verum' means 'and lifted', 'libbo' means 'his heart'.
[JER.48.30] I have known, says Yahveh, his iniquity, and not so; in his blood not so they have done. [§]
Ani yodati ne'um-Yahveh evrato velo ken badiav lo ken asu.
'Ani' means 'I', 'yodati' means 'I have known', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'evrato' means 'his iniquity', 'velo ken' means 'and not so', 'badiav' means 'in his blood', the second 'lo ken' again means 'not so', and 'asu' means 'they did' or 'they have done'.
[JER.48.31] Therefore, over Moab vanity, and to Moab altogether I will cry out to the men of the wall and axe; they will shudder. [§]
al-ken al Moav eilil u-leMoav kulloh emak el anshei kir cheres yehege.
'al-ken' means 'therefore', 'al' means 'over' or 'upon', 'Moav' is the proper name Moab, 'eilil' means 'vanity' or 'foolishness', 'u-leMoav' means 'and to Moab', 'kulloh' means 'all of it' or 'altogether', 'ezak' (here rendered as 'emak') means 'I will cry out' or 'I will call', 'el' means 'to' or 'against', 'anshei' means 'men of', 'kir' means 'wall', 'cheres' means 'axe', and 'yehege' means 'will tremble' or 'will shudder'.
[JER.48.32] From my weeping I will help you; the vine is withered, your branches have crossed the sea to the sea; they will help, they have fallen upon your stalks and upon your shoots, the plunderer has fallen. [§]
Mivkhi ya'azer evkehlakh hagafen sibmah netishotayich avru yam ad yam ya'azer nagau al keitzeich ve'al betzireich shoded nafal.
'Mivkhi' means 'from my weeping', 'ya'azer' means 'will help', 'evkehlakh' means 'I will weep for you', 'hagafen' means 'the vine', 'sibmah' means 'withered', 'netishotayich' means 'your branches', 'avru' means 'have crossed', 'yam' means 'sea', 'ad' means 'until', the second 'yam' again means 'sea', the second 'ya'azer' again means 'will help', 'nagau' means 'have fallen', 'al' means 'upon', 'keitzeich' means 'your stalks', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'betzireich' means 'your shoots', 'shoded' means 'plunderer', 'nafal' means 'has fallen'.
[JER.48.33] And may joy and gladness be gathered from Carmel and from the land of Moab, and wine from the jars I have poured out; it shall not be measured—heedad, heedad—no heedad. [§]
ve neesfa simcha vagil mikarmel u me eretz Moab ve yayin mi kavim hisbatti lo yidroch heidad heidad lo heidad.
've' means 'and', 'neesfa' means 'will be gathered/collected', 'simcha' means 'joy', 'vagil' means 'and gladness', 'mikarmel' means 'from Carmel', 'u' means 'and', 'me eretz' means 'from the land of', 'Moab' is the proper name Moab, 've' again means 'and', 'yayin' means 'wine', 'mi kavim' means 'from vessels/jars', 'hisbatti' means 'I have poured out', 'lo' means 'not', 'yidroch' means 'will be extended/measure', 'heidad' is a refrain word used poetically (often understood as a cry of praise or exclamation), repeated for emphasis, and the final 'lo heidad' means 'no heidad' (a negation of the refrain).
[JER.48.34] From the outcry of reckoning, from Elale to Yahatz, they raised their voice from the narrow to the cranes, a third heifer; because even bitter waters will become salted. [§]
Mi za'akat chesbon ad elale ad yahatz natnu kolam mitzo'ar ad choronayim egalat shlishiyah ki gam mei nimrim limshamot yihyu.
'Mi' means 'from', 'za'akat' means 'the outcry' or 'cry', 'chesbon' means 'reckoning' or 'accounting', 'ad' means 'to' or 'until', 'elale' is treated as a proper name or place, 'yahatz' is treated as a proper name or place, 'natnu' means 'they gave' or 'they raised', 'kolam' means 'their voice', 'mitzo'ar' means 'from the narrow' or 'from the narrow place', 'choronayim' means 'the cranes' (a literal animal term), 'egalat' means 'a heifer', 'shlishiyah' means 'third', 'ki' means 'because', 'gam' means 'also', 'mei' means 'waters', 'nimrim' means 'bitter', 'limshamot' means 'to be salted' or 'for salting', 'yihyu' means 'they will be'.
[JER.48.35] And I will bring down Moab, says Yahveh, the one who lifts up its height and the one who brings it low to his God. [§]
ve-hishbati le-Moav ne'um Yahveh ma'aleh bamah u-mak'tir leElohav.
've-' means 'and', 'hishbati' means 'I will bring down' or 'I will cause to be broken', 'le-Moav' means 'to Moab', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'ma'aleh' means 'raiser' or 'one who lifts up', 'bamah' means 'its height' or 'its high place', 'u-' is the conjunction 'and', 'mak'tir' means 'diminisher' or 'one who brings down', 'leElohav' means 'to his God' (El = God, with the possessive suffix -av).
[JER.48.36] Therefore my heart is like Moab, scornful, and will be troubled; and my heart goes toward the men of the potter's wall, scornful, and will be troubled. Therefore the work will increase and they are lost. [§]
Al-ken libi lemoab kachalilim yehemeh ve libi el anshai kir-cheres kachalilim yehemeh al-ken yitrat asah avadu.
'Al-ken' means 'therefore' or 'for that', 'libi' means 'my heart', 'lemoab' means 'to Moab' (a location used idiomatically to denote a place of exile or hostility), 'kachalilim' means 'like those who mock' or 'like scorners', 'yehemeh' is a verb meaning 'will be shaken' or 'will be troubled', 've' means 'and', 'el' means 'to' or 'toward', 'anshai' means 'men' (plural of 'man'), 'kir-cheres' is a compound meaning 'wall of a potter' (an idiom for a low, rough place, often translated 'men of the stone oven'), the second occurrence of 'kachalilim' repeats 'like scorners', the second 'yehemeh' repeats the verb 'will be shaken', 'al-ken' again means 'therefore', 'yitrat' is a verb meaning 'will increase' or 'will be added', 'asah' means 'work' or 'deed', and 'avadu' means 'they perished' or 'they are lost'.
[JER.48.37] For every head is bald, and every old man is shorn; upon all hands there is baldness, and upon the knees there is shavenness. [§]
ki kol rosh karacha ve kol zakhan geruah al kol yadayim gedudot ve al matenayim saq
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'kol' means 'all' or 'every', 'rosh' means 'head', 'karacha' means 'is bald' (from the root meaning 'to shave the head'), 've' means 'and', 'zakhan' means 'old man' or 'elder', 'geruah' means 'is shorn' (hair removed), 'al' means 'upon' or 'over', 'yadayim' means 'hands', 'gedudot' means 'baldness' or 'hairlessness', 'matenayim' means 'knees', 'saq' means 'shaven' or 'smooth'.
[JER.48.38] Upon every roof of Moab and in its breadths all is mourning, because I have broken Moab as a vessel; there is no desire in it, declares Yahveh. [§]
Al kol-gagot Moab uvirchovoteha kulloh misped ki shavarti et-Moab kichli ein-chephetz bo ne'um Yahveh.
'Al' means 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'gagot' means 'roofs', 'Moab' is the name of the region, 'uvirchovoteha' means 'and in its breadths', 'kulloh' means 'all of it', 'misped' means 'mourning', 'ki' means 'because', 'shavarti' means 'I have broken', 'et' is the accusative particle, 'Moab' again the place name, 'kichli' means 'as a vessel', 'ein' means 'there is no', 'chephetz' means 'desire' or 'pleasure', 'bo' means 'in it', 'ne''um' means 'declares', and 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.48.39] How quickly they turned, how they turned their backs, Moab is ashamed, and Moab shall become a mockery and a contempt to all its surroundings. [§]
Eich chatta heylilu eich hipna-oref Moab bosh ve-hayah Moab li-schok ve-limchitta lekhol sevivav.
'Eich' means 'how', 'chatta' means 'haste' or 'quickly', 'heylilu' means 'they turned' or 'they have turned', the second 'eich' repeats 'how', 'hipna-oref' means 'turned his back' (hipna = turned, oref = back), 'Moab' is the name of the nation Moab, 'bosh' means 'shame' or 'ashamed', 've-hayah' means 'and shall be', the second 'Moab' repeats the nation, 'li-schok' means 'for mockery' (li = for, schok = mockery), 've-limchitta' means 'and for contempt' (ve = and, limchitta = for contempt), 'lekhol' means 'to all' (le = to, khol = all), 'sevivav' means 'its surroundings' or 'its encircling'.
[JER.48.40] For thus said Yahveh, Behold, like a vulture it will swoop down and spread its wings toward Moab. [§]
Ki-ko amar Yahveh hineh kanesher yid'eh uparash kenafav el Moab.
'Ki-ko' means 'for thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the proper name of God (YHVH), 'hineh' means 'behold', 'kanesher' means 'like a vulture', 'yid'eh' means 'will swoop down', 'uparash' means 'and spreads', 'kenafav' means 'its wings', 'el' means 'toward', 'Moab' is the name of the region Moab.
[JER.48.41] The Keriot will be captured and the Matzadot will be seized, and the heart of the mighty men of Moab on that day will be like the heart of a confined woman. [§]
Nilkeda ha-keriyot ve-hametzadot nitpasa ve-hayah lev giborei Moab bayom hahu kelev isha metzrah.
'Nilkeda' means 'will be captured', 'ha-keriyot' means 'the Keriot' (a place or group), 've' means 'and', 'hametzadot' means 'the Matzadot' (another place or group), 'nitpasa' means 'will be seized', 've-hayah' means 'and it will be', 'lev' means 'heart', 'giborei' means 'of the mighty ones', 'Moab' is the nation of Moab, 'bayom' means 'on the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'kelev' means 'like', 'isha' means 'woman', 'metzrah' means 'in confinement' or 'tight'.
[JER.48.42] And Moab will be destroyed out of the nation because they have magnified Yahveh. [§]
ve-nishmad Moab me'am ki al-Yahveh hi gidil.
've-nishmad' means 'and (it) will be destroyed/vanished', 'Moab' is the name of the nation Moab, 'me'am' means 'from the people' or 'out of the nation', 'ki' means 'because', 'al-Yahveh' means 'upon Yahveh' (the name of God translated as Yahveh), 'hi gidil' means 'has made great' or 'has magnified'.
[JER.48.43] Fright and panic and terror upon you, O resident of Moab, says Yahveh. [§]
pachad va-pachat va-fach aleykha yoshev Moab ne'um Yahveh.
'pachad' means 'fright', 'va-pachat' means 'and panic', 'va-fach' means 'and terror', 'aleykha' means 'upon you', 'yoshev' means 'dweller' or 'resident', 'Moab' is the name of the nation, 'ne'um' means 'says' and is a prophetic formula, 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.48.44] The one who flees from terror will fall into the terror, and the one who rises from the terror will be caught in the net, for I will bring them to Moab, the two of their commanders, says Yahveh. [§]
ha-nayis mi-p'nei ha-pachad yipol el-ha-pachat ve-ha-oleh min-ha-pachat yilached ba-pach ki-avi eleha el-moav shnat pekudatam ne'um Yahveh.
'ha-nayis' means 'the one who flees', 'mi-p'nei' means 'because of', 'ha-pachad' means 'the terror', 'yipol' means 'will fall', 'el-ha-pachat' means 'into the terror', 've-ha-oleh' means 'and the one who rises', 'min-ha-pachat' means 'from the terror', 'yilached' means 'will be caught', 'ba-pach' means 'in the net', 'ki-avi' means 'for I will bring', 'eleha' means 'to it/her', 'el-moav' means 'to Moab', 'shnat' means 'the two', 'pekudatam' means 'of their commanders', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.48.45] In the shadow of Hesbon they stood by the power of miracles, because fire went out from Hesbon and flame from between Sihon, and it ate the breadth of Moab and struck the sons of Shaon. [§]
b'tzel chesbon amdu mi-koach nasim ki esh yatza me-chesbon ve-lehavah mi-bein sihon va-to'chal peat moav ve-kadkod b'nei shaon.
'b'tzel' means 'in the shadow of', 'chesbon' is a proper name (Hesbon), 'amdu' means 'they stood', 'mi-koach' means 'by the power of', 'nasim' means 'miracles' or 'wonders', 'ki' means 'because', 'esh' means 'fire', 'yatza' means 'went out', 'me-chesbon' means 'from Hesbon', 've-lehavah' means 'and flame', 'mi-bein' means 'from between', 'sihon' is a proper name, 'va-to'chal' means 'and it ate', 'peat' means 'the breadth (extent)', 'moav' is the nation Moab, 've-kadkod' means 'and struck' or 'and throbbed', 'b'nei' means 'the sons of', 'shaon' is a proper name.
[JER.48.46] Woe to you, Moab! The people have perished, for your sons have been taken into captivity and your daughters into captivity. [§]
Oy-lecha Moav avad am-kemosh ki luqqehu banecha bashevi uvenotecha bashivyah.
'Oy' means 'woe', 'lecha' means 'to you' (singular masculine), together 'Oy-lecha' = 'Woe to you'. 'Moav' is the name of the nation Moab. 'avad' means 'has perished' or 'has been lost'. 'am' means 'people', 'kemosh' (כְּמוֹשׁ) is a poetic term meaning 'like a heap' or 'as in Mosh', here understood as part of the idiom referring to Moab's people. 'ki' means 'for' or 'because'. 'luqqehu' is the verb 'they have been taken' (passive perfect of לקח). 'banecha' means 'your sons'. 'bashevi' means 'into captivity' (the noun שבי, captivity). 'uvenotecha' means 'and your daughters'. 'bashivyah' means 'into captivity' (the same noun in a different grammatical form).
[JER.48.47] And I will return the captivity of Moab in the latter days, says Yahveh, until then judgment of Moab. [§]
ve-shavti shevut-Moab be'acharit hayamim ne'um-Yahveh ad-henna mishpat Moab.
've-shavti' means 'and I will return', 'shevut-Moab' means 'the captivity of Moab', 'be'acharit' means 'in the end', 'hayamim' means 'the days', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'ad-henna' means 'until then', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'Moab' is the name of the nation Moab.
JER.49
[JER.49.1] To the sons of Ammon thus says Yahveh: there are no stones for Israel if there is no heir for him; why will their king inherit Gad and his people dwell in his cities. [§]
Livnei Ammon koh amar Yahveh habanim ein leYisrael im yoresh ein lo madua yarash malkam et Gad ve'amo be'arei yoshev.
'Livnei' means 'to the sons of', 'Ammon' is the name of the nation Ammon, 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'habanim' means 'stones', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'leYisrael' means 'for Israel', 'im' means 'if', 'yoresh' means 'he inherits', 'ein' again means 'there is not', 'lo' means 'for him', 'madua' means 'why', 'yarash' means 'will inherit', 'malkam' means 'their king', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'Gad' is the name Gad, 've'amo' means 'and his people', 'be'arei' means 'in his cities', 'yoshev' means 'will dwell'.
[JER.49.2] Therefore, behold, days are coming, says Yahveh, and I will hear the great multitude of the children of Ammon's war chant; and it will become a heap of desolation, and its daughters will be burned in fire, and Israel will inherit its heirs, says Yahveh. [§]
Lachen hineh yamim ba'im ne'um Yahveh ve'hishma'ti el rabbat b'nei Ammon teru'at milchamah ve'hayotah le'tel shemamah u'venoteyha ba'esh titzatna ve'yarash Israel et yorashav amar Yahveh.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ba'im' means 'coming', 'ne'um' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 've'hishma'ti' means 'and I will hear', 'el' means 'to', 'rabbat' means 'great' (here part of 'rabbat b'nei Ammon' = 'the multitude of the children of Ammon'), 'b'nei' means 'sons of', 'Ammon' is a nation, 'teru'at' means 'shouting' or 'clamor', 'milchamah' means 'war', 've'hayotah' means 'and it will be', 'le'tel' means 'a heap' or 'mound', 'shemamah' means 'desolation', 'u'venoteyha' means 'and its daughters', 'ba'esh' means 'in fire', 'titzatna' means 'will be burnt', 've'yarash' means 'and will inherit', 'Israel' is the people of Israel, 'et' is the direct object marker, 'yorashav' means 'its heirs', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' again the name of God.
[JER.49.3] Laugh, account because it was plundered—my, they shouted; many daughters, they surrounded sacks; they mourned and were scattered in the walls because their king in exile will go, his priests and his princes together with him. [§]
heylili chesbon ki shudda-ai tseakna benot rabah chagornah sakkim sefodna vehitshotatna bagederot ki malkam bagolah yelekh kohanav vesarav yachdav.
'heylili' means 'laugh' or 'mock'; 'chesbon' means 'account' or 'calculation'; 'ki' means 'because'; 'shudda-ai' means 'it was plundered (my)'; 'tseakna' means 'they cried out' or 'they shouted'; 'benot' means 'daughters'; 'rabah' means 'many'; 'chagornah' means 'they surrounded' or 'encircled'; 'sakkim' means 'sacks' or 'bags'; 'sefodna' means 'they mourned'; 'vehitshotatna' means 'and they were scattered'; 'bagederot' means 'in the walls' (or 'by the fences'); 'malkam' means 'their king'; 'bagolah' means 'in exile' or 'in captivity'; 'yelekh' means 'will go' or 'goes'; 'kohanav' means 'his priests'; 'vesarav' means 'and his princes'; 'yachdav' means 'together with him'.
[JER.49.4] Why do you boast in the depths, a wolf in your deep, the daughter who brings forth, the one who trusts in her treasures, who will come to me? [§]
mah-tit-hallel-li ba'amakim zav imkeich habat ha-shovevah ha-bot'cha be'otzroteha mi yavo elai.
'mah' means 'what' or 'why', 'tit-hallel' is a verb meaning 'you (feminine) boast', the suffix '-li' marks the feminine singular subject, 'ba'amakim' means 'in the depths', 'zav' means 'a wolf', 'imkeich' means 'in your deep' (your depths), 'habat' means 'the daughter', 'ha-shovevah' means 'who brings forth' or 'the one who gives birth', 'ha-bot'cha' means 'who trusts', 'be'otzroteha' means 'in her treasures', 'mi' means 'who', 'yavo' means 'will come', and 'elai' means 'to me'.
[JER.49.5] Behold, I bring terror upon you, says my Lord Yahveh of Hosts, from all around you, and each one will be scattered before his neighbor, and there is no one to gather the wanderers. [§]
Hineni meviy alayich pachad ne'um Adonai Yahveh Tzevaot mikol sevivaich venidachet emesh lefanav veein mekabetz lanoded.
'Hineni' means 'Here I am', 'meviy' means 'I bring', 'alayich' means 'upon you' (feminine), 'pachad' means 'terror', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'of Hosts', 'mikol' means 'from all', 'sevivaich' means 'around you', 'venidachet' means 'and each will be scattered', 'emesh' means 'each one', 'lefanav' means 'before his neighbor', 'vee-in' means 'and there is no', 'mekabetz' means 'gatherer', 'lanoded' means 'of the wanderers'.
[JER.49.6] And after that I will restore the captivity of the children of Ammon, says Yahveh. [§]
veacharei-ken ashiv et-shebut b'nei-amon neum-Yahveh
'veacharei' means 'and after', 'ken' means 'that/then', 'ashiv' means 'I will restore/return', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'shebut' means 'the captivity', 'b'nei' means 'of the sons/children', 'amon' is the name of the nation Ammon, 'neum' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.49.7] To Edom thus said Yahveh of Armies, is there no longer wisdom in the south? Counsel has perished from the sons; their wisdom has been scattered. [§]
Leedom ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot ha'eyn od chokhmah be-Teyman avda etzah mi-ban'im nisrehcha chokhmatahm.
'Leedom' means 'to Edom', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'Armies', 'ha'eyn' means 'is there not', 'od' means 'anymore', 'chokhmah' means 'wisdom', 'be-Teyman' means 'in the south', 'avda' means 'has perished', 'etzah' means 'counsel', 'mi-ban'im' means 'from the sons', 'nisrehcha' means 'has been scattered', 'chokhmatahm' means 'their wisdom'.
[JER.49.8] Flee, turn, deepen for sitting, O inhabitants of Dan, for I will bear witness: Esau, I have brought upon him the appointed time. [§]
nusu hapnu he'emiku lashavet yoshvei ddan ki eid esau heveeti alav et pekadtiv.
'nusu' means 'flee' (imperative plural). 'hapnu' means 'turn' (imperative plural). 'he'emiku' means 'make deep' (imperative plural). 'lashavet' means 'to sit' or 'for sitting'. 'yoshvei' means 'inhabitants of' (construct form). 'ddan' means 'Dan' (a place or tribe). 'ki' means 'because' or 'for'. 'eid' means 'I will bear witness' or 'I testify'. 'esau' is the personal name Esau. 'heveeti' means 'I have brought' (first‑person perfect). 'alav' means 'upon him' or 'against him'. 'et' means 'time' or 'season'. 'pekadtiv' means 'I appointed' (first‑person perfect with object suffix).
[JER.49.9] If enemies come against you, they will not spare the children; if thieves come at night, they will ruin the days. [§]
Im botzrim ba'u lach lo yash'ru olalot; im ganavim ba-layla hishchitu days.
'Im' means 'if'; 'botzrim' means 'enemies' or 'those who press'; 'ba\'u' means 'they came'; 'lach' means 'to you'; 'lo' means 'not'; 'yash'ru' means 'they will spare'; 'olalot' means 'young ones' or 'children'; ';' separates clauses; 'ganavim' means 'thieves'; 'ba-layla' means 'by night'; 'hishchitu' means 'they destroyed' or 'ruined'; 'days' means 'days' (time periods).
[JER.49.10] For I have concealed Esau, I have revealed his secrets, and what is hidden cannot be destroyed; his seed, his brothers, his neighbors, and there is none. [§]
ki ani chasapti et esav gileiti et mistarav ve nechba lo yuchal shudad zar'o ve echaiv u shechenav ve einenu.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because'; 'ani' means 'I'; 'chasapti' means 'I concealed' or 'I have hidden'; 'et' is the direct object marker (no translation); 'esav' is the name 'Esau'; 'gileiti' means 'I revealed' or 'I uncovered'; 'mistarav' means 'his secrets' (mistara = secret, -av = his); 've' means 'and'; 'nechba' means 'hidden' or 'concealed'; 'lo' means 'not'; 'yuchal' means 'can be' or 'is possible'; 'shudad' means 'destruction' or 'ruin'; 'zar'o' means 'his seed' (zar = seed, -o = his); 'echaiv' means 'his brothers' (achev = brothers, -av = his); 'shechenav' means 'his neighbors' (shachen = neighbor, -av = his); 'einenu' means 'there is none' or 'he is not'.
[JER.49.11] I will revive your orphans and your widows will trust in Me. [§]
Azvah yetomekha Ani achiyah ve'almenotekha alay tivtachu.
'Azvah' means 'I will revive' or 'I will bring back to life', 'yetomekha' means 'your orphans', 'Ani' means 'I' (referring to Yahveh), 'achiyah' means 'I will give life' or 'I will revive', 've' means 'and', 'almenotekha' means 'your widows', 'alay' means 'upon me' or 'in me', 'tivtachu' means 'you will trust'.
[JER.49.12] For thus says Yahveh: Behold, there is none whose judgment is to drink the cup; let him drink, they will drink, and you, he is pure, you shall be pure, not be pure because you will drink. [§]
kee ko amar Yahveh hine asher ein mishpatam lishtot hakos shato yishtu ve'atta hu nake tinake lo tinake ki shatoeh tishete.
'kee' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHWH, 'hine' means 'behold', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'mishpatam' means 'their judgment', 'lishtot' means 'to drink', 'hakos' means 'the cup', 'shato' means 'drank' (a participial form), 'yishtu' means 'they will drink', 've'atta' means 'and you', 'hu' means 'he', 'nake' means 'pure', 'tinake' means 'you shall be pure', 'lo' means 'not', 'tinake' repeats 'you shall be pure', 'ki' means 'because', 'shatoeh' means 'drunk', 'tishete' means 'you will drink'.
[JER.49.13] Because I have sworn by myself, says Yahveh, that it will be for shame, for mockery, for a sword and for a curse; it shall be a pit, and all its cities shall become swords forever. [§]
Ki bi nishba'ti ne'um Yahveh ki le-shamma le-herpah le-chorev ve-liq'lah tiheyeh batsrah ve-khol-areiha tihyena le-charvot olam.
'Ki' means 'because', 'bi' means 'in me' or 'by me', 'nishba'ti' means 'I have sworn', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'le-shamma' means 'for shame', 'le-herpah' means 'for mockery', 'le-chorev' means 'for a sword', 've-liq'lah' means 'and for a curse', 'tiheyeh' means 'it will be', 'batsrah' means 'a pit', 've-khol-areiha' means 'and all its cities', 'tihyena' means 'will become', 'le-charvot' means 'to swords', 'olam' means 'forever'.
[JER.49.14] Listen, I have heard from Yahveh, and the troop among the nations has been sent; they gathered and came upon it, and they rose for battle. [§]
Shemuah shamatI me'et Yahveh ve'tzir ba-goiim shaluch hitkabetzu uvo'u aleha vequmu lamilchamah.
'Shemuah' means 'Listen' or 'Hear', an imperative call to attention. 'shamatI' means 'I have heard', a verb in first person past. 'me\'et' means 'from' or 'by the agency of'. 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH. 've\'tzir' means 'and the troop' or 'and the band'. 'ba\'goiim' means 'among the nations' or 'in the peoples'. 'shaluch' is a form meaning 'is sent' or 'has been dispatched'. 'hitkabetzu' means 'they gathered' or 'they assembled'. 'uvo\'u' means 'they came' or 'they approached'. 'aleha' means 'upon it' (referring to the troop or the situation). 'vequmu' means 'and rise' or 'and stand up'. 'lamilchamah' means 'for war' or 'to battle'.
[JER.49.15] Because, behold, I will give you a little among the nations, despised among men. [§]
ki hine katan netatekha bagoyim bazui b'adam.
'ki' means 'because', 'hine' means 'behold', 'katan' means 'small' or 'little', 'netatekha' means 'I will give you', 'bagoyim' means 'among the nations', 'bazui' means 'despised' or 'in disgrace', 'b'adam' means 'among men' or 'among humanity'.
[JER.49.16] You shall shine; I will cause you, wickedness of your heart; I am your dwelling in the delights of the rock, my snare the height of the hill; for you will be lifted like a viper, your jealousy; from there I will bring you down, declares Yahveh. [§]
tiflatzecha hishia otkha zidon libbeka shokheni bechagvei hasela tofsi merom givah ki-tagbihah kanesher kinnenkha misham oridkha neum Yahveh.
'tiflatzecha' means 'you shall shine', 'hishia' means 'will cause', 'otkha' means 'you (masc.)', 'zidon' means 'wickedness', 'libbeka' means 'your heart', 'shokheni' means 'my dwelling', 'bechagvei' means 'in the delights of', 'hasela' means 'the rock', 'tofsi' means 'my snare', 'merom' means 'height', 'givah' means 'hill', 'ki-tagbihah' means 'for you will be lifted', 'kanesher' means 'like a viper', 'kinnenkha' means 'your jealousy', 'misham' means 'from there', 'oridkha' means 'I will bring you down', 'neum Yahveh' means 'declares Yahveh'.
[JER.49.17] And Edom shall become desolation; everyone who passes over it shall cast a stone and shall smear upon all its ruins. [§]
vehaytah edom leshama kol over aleha ishom veishrok al kol makkoteha.
'vehaytah' means 'and it shall be', 'edom' is the proper name Edom, 'leshama' means 'for desolation', 'kol' means 'all', 'over' means 'who passes', 'aleha' means 'over it', 'ishom' means 'shall cast (a stone)', 'veishrok' means 'and shall smear', 'al' means 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'mackoteha' means 'its ruins'.
[JER.49.18] As the overturning of Sodom and Gomorrah and its neighbors, says Yahveh, no man will sit there, nor will a son of man dwell in it. [§]
kemahefkat sedom vaamora ushekenah amar yahveh lo-yeshev sham ish velo-yagur bah ben-adam.
'kemahefkat' means 'as the overturning', 'sedom' means 'Sodom', 'vaamora' means 'and Gomorrah', 'ushekenah' means 'and its neighbors', 'amar' means 'said', 'yahveh' means the name of God, 'lo-yeshev' means 'no one will sit', 'sham' means 'there', 'ish' means 'a man', 'velo-yagur' means 'nor will dwell', 'bah' means 'in it', 'ben-adam' means 'son of man'.
[JER.49.19] Behold, like a lion shall rise from the pride of the Jordan to the oasis of the oak, for I will restrain and chase him from above it; and who is the chosen one to her whom I will appoint? For who is like me, and who will testify to me, and who is this shepherd who will stand before me. [§]
Hineh ke'aryeh ya'aleh mig'on haYarden el Neveh Eitan ki argiga aritsennu me'aleha u-mi bachur eleha efkod ki mi kamoni u-mi yoideni u-mi zeh ro'eh asher ya'amod lefanai.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'ke'aryeh' means 'like a lion', 'ya'aleh' means 'shall go up', 'mig'on' means 'from the pride' (or 'haughtiness'), 'haYarden' means 'the Jordan', 'el' means 'to', 'Neveh' means 'the oasis', 'Eitan' means 'the oak', 'ki' means 'for', 'argiga' means 'I will restrain' or 'I will hold back', 'aritsennu' means 'I will chase him', 'me'aleha' means 'from above it', 'u-mi' means 'and who', 'bachur' means 'chosen', 'eleha' means 'to her', 'efkod' means 'I will appoint', 'mi' means 'who', 'kamoni' means 'like me', 'yoideni' means 'will testify to me', 'zeh' means 'this', 'ro'eh' means 'shepherd', 'asher' means 'who', 'ya'amod' means 'will stand', 'lefanai' means 'before me'.
[JER.49.20] Therefore listen to the counsel of Yahveh which He gave to Edom and his plans which He plotted against the inhabitants of the south; if the young of the flock do not take them away, if He does not lay his spoil upon them. [§]
Lachen shimu atzot Yahveh asher yaatz el Edom u-machshavotav asher chashav el yoshvei Teiman im lo yisachavum tzeirei hatson im lo yashim aleihem nevehem.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'shimu' means 'listen', 'atzot' means 'counsel', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'asher' means 'which', 'yaatz' means 'he gave counsel', 'el' means 'to', 'Edom' is a nation, 'u-machshavotav' means 'and his plans', 'chashav' means 'he plotted', 'yoshvei' means 'inhabitants', 'Teiman' means 'the south', 'im lo' means 'if not', 'yisachavum' means 'they will be taken away', 'tzeirei hatson' means 'young of the flock', 'im lo' again means 'if not', 'yashim' means 'he will place', 'aleihem' means 'upon them', 'nevehem' means 'his spoil or plunder'.
[JER.49.21] From a sudden voice the earth was shaken, a cry in the deep sea, its voice was heard. [§]
Miqol niflam ra'ashah ha-aretz tze'akah beyam-suf nishma qolah.
'Mi' means 'from', 'qol' means 'voice', together 'Mi-qol' = 'from the voice'. 'Niflam' means 'sudden' or 'unexpected'. 'Ra'ashah' means 'shook' or 'was shaken'. 'Ha-aretz' means 'the earth'. 'Tze'akah' means 'a cry' or 'shout'. 'Be-yam-suf' means 'in the deep sea' (yam = sea, suf = deep). 'Nishma' means 'was heard'. 'Qolah' means 'her voice' (referring to the earth).
[JER.49.22] Behold, like a snake it will go up and strike and spread its wings over the tower; and on that day the heart of Edom's mighty men will be like a dog a woman's narrowness. [§]
hineh kannesher ya'aleh ve-yidaeh ve-yifros k'na'vav al-batzrah ve-hayah lev giborei Edom ba-yom ha-hu kelev isha m'tzerah.
'hineh' means 'behold', 'kannesher' means 'like a snake', 'ya'aleh' means 'it will go up', 've-yidaeh' means 'and it will strike', 've-yifros' means 'and it will spread', 'k'na'vav' means 'its wings', 'al-batzrah' means 'upon the tower', 've-hayah' means 'and it will be', 'lev' means 'the heart', 'giborei' means 'of the mighty men', 'Edom' is a proper name, 'ba-yom' means 'on the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 'kelev' means 'like a dog', 'isha' means 'a woman', 'm'tzerah' means 'narrow' or 'confined'.
[JER.49.23] To Damascus shame, anger, and fury, because an evil report was heard, they have perished; in the sea grief, the quiet cannot be. [§]
Le-dammesek bosha chamat ve-arfad ki shmuah ra'ah shamu namogu ba-yam de'aga ha-shket lo yukhal.
'Le-dammesek' means 'to Damascus', 'bosha' means 'shame' or 'ashamed', 'chamat' means 'anger', 've-arfad' means 'and fury', 'ki' means 'because', 'shmuah' means 'report' or 'rumor', 'ra'ah' means 'evil', 'shamu' means 'they heard', 'namogu' means 'they have perished' or 'they have turned away', 'ba-yam' means 'in the sea', 'de'aga' means 'grief' or 'anxiety', 'ha-shket' means 'the quiet', 'lo' means 'not', 'yukhal' means 'can be' or 'is possible'.
[JER.49.24] She loosened Damascus, turned to flee, and trembling she seized the distress and the cords, she clutched them like a woman in labor. [§]
Rafteh Dammesek hipente lanus v'retet hechezika tzarah vachavlim achazatah kayyoladah.
'Rafteh' means 'she loosened' or 'she released', 'Dammesek' refers to the city of Damascus, 'hipente' means 'she turned' or 'she faced', 'lanus' means 'to flee' or 'to escape', 'v'retet' means 'and trembling', 'hechezika' means 'she seized' or 'she grasped', 'tzarah' means 'tightness' or 'distress', 'vachavlim' means 'and cords' or 'and ropes', 'achazatah' means 'she clutched' or 'she held fast', 'kayyoladah' means 'like a woman in labor' or 'as a birthing woman'.
[JER.49.25] How shall the city of praise be abandoned, the city of rejoicing? [§]
Eich lo uzvah ir tehilla kiryat meshoosi.
'Eich' means 'how', 'lo' means 'not' or 'no', 'uzvah' is a verb from 'to leave' meaning 'to be abandoned' or 'to become desolate', 'ir' means 'city', 'tehilla' means 'praise', 'kiryat' means 'city of', and 'meshoosi' (from the root ''shsh'') means 'rejoicing' or 'joyful'.
[JER.49.26] Therefore they will fall in its streets in its highways and all the men of war will be silent in that day says Yahveh of hosts. [§]
Lachen yip'lu bakhureha bi-rechovoteha vechol anshei hamilchamah yidammu ba-yom hahu ne'um Yahveh tzevaot.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'yip'lu' means 'they will fall', 'bakhureha' means 'in its streets', 'bi-rechovoteha' means 'in its highways', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'anshei' means 'men of', 'hamilchamah' means 'the war', 'yidammu' means 'will be silent', 'ba-yom' means 'in the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHWH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts'.
[JER.49.27] And I will set fire in the wall of Damascus, and I will devour the palaces of the son of Hadad. [§]
Ve hittatti esh bechomat Dammashek ve achalah armonot ben-hadad.
'Ve' means 'and', 'hittatti' means 'I will set', 'esh' means 'fire', 'bechomat' means 'in the wall of', 'Dammashek' is the transliteration of the city name Damascus, 've' means 'and', 'achalah' means 'I will devour', 'armonot' means 'palaces', 'ben-hadad' means 'son of Hadad'.
[JER.49.28] To Kedar and to the kingdoms of the east that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon struck, thus says Yahveh, arise, go up to Kedar and plunder the sons of the east. [§]
Le kedar u le mamlekhot chatzor asher hikka Nebuchadrezar melech Bavel koh amar Yahveh ku mu alu el kedar ve shadddu et bnei kedem.
'Le' means 'to', 'kedar' is the name of a desert tribe, 'u' means 'and', 'mamlekhot' means 'kingdoms', 'chatzor' (literally 'palmyra' or 'sand') denotes eastern lands, 'asher' means 'that', 'hikka' means 'struck', 'Nebuchadrezar' is the name of the Babylonian king, 'melech' means 'king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ku mu' means 'arise', 'alu' means 'go up', 'el' means 'to', 'shadddu' means 'plunder', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'bnei' means 'sons', 'kedem' means 'the east' or 'ancient times'.
[JER.49.29] They will take their tents and their flocks, their curtains and all their belongings and their mules, they will carry them away, and they will set a trap around them. [§]
Ohaleyhem ve-tzo'nahm yikkachu yeriyotayhem ve-khol-k'leihem u-gmalayhem yisau lahem ve-karu aleyhem magor misaviv.
'Ohaleyhem' means 'their tents', 've-tzo'nahm' means 'and their flocks', 'yikkachu' means 'they will take', 'yeriyotayhem' means 'their curtains', 've-khol-k'leihem' means 'and all their belongings', 'u-gmalayhem' means 'and their mules', 'yisau' means 'they will carry', 'lahem' means 'for them' or 'away', 've-karu' means 'and they will call/set', 'aleyhem' means 'upon them', 'magor' means 'a trap', 'misaviv' means 'all around'.
[JER.49.30] Flee, flee greatly; they made them sit, the inhabitants of Chatzor, says Yahveh, because Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon has counseled against you and has plotted against them a scheme. [§]
Nusu nudu meod he'emiku lashevet yoshevei chatzor ne'um-Yahveh ki ya'etz aleichem Nebuchadrazar melek-Bavel etsah vechashav aleihem machashavah.
'Nusu' means 'flee', 'nudu' means 'flee' (intensified), 'meod' means 'greatly', 'he'emiku' means 'they cause to sit' or 'they make sit down', 'lashevet' means 'to sit', 'yoshevei' means 'those who sit' or 'inhabitants', 'chatzor' is the name of a place, 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'ki' means 'because', 'ya'etz' means 'counsel' or 'devises', 'aleichem' means 'against you', 'Nebuchadrazar' is the Babylonian king, 'melek-Bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'etsah' means 'counsel' or 'advice', 'vechashav' means 'and thought/plotted', 'aleihem' means 'against them', 'machashavah' means 'a thought' or 'a scheme'.
[JER.49.31] Rise up, go to a peaceful nation that dwells securely, declares Yahveh; it has no two doors and no opening for it; alone it will dwell. [§]
Kumu aloo el goi sh'lev yoshev labetach ne'um-Yahveh lo delatayim ve'lo b'rich lo badad yishkunu.
'Kumu' means 'rise (imperative plural)'; 'aloo' means 'go up (imperative plural)'; 'el' means 'to/unto'; 'goi' means 'nation'; 'sh'lev' means 'peaceful' (from shalav, calm); 'yoshev' means 'dwelling' or 'who dwells'; 'labetach' means 'securely' or 'in safety'; 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'declares Yahveh' (YHVH rendered as Yahveh); 'lo' means 'not'; 'delatayim' means 'two doors' (literally 'two openings'); 've'lo' means 'and not'; 'b'rich' means 'an opening, hole, or breach'; 'lo' means 'for it'; 'badad' means 'alone' or 'by itself'; 'yishkunu' means 'it will dwell' or 'it will reside'.
[JER.49.32] And their camels will become ravens, and the wealth of their livestock will be plunder, and they will be a reproach to every wind, the very tips of a feather, and from all his transgressions I will bring his testimony, declares Yahveh. [§]
Ve-hayu gemalleihem lavaz va-hamon miknehem le-shalal ve-zeritim le-kol-ruach ketsutsei peah u-mikol avarav aviy et-eidam ne'um Yahveh.
'Ve' means 'and', 'hayu' means 'they will be', 'gemalleihem' means 'their camels', 'lavaz' means 'a raven' (idiom for desolation), 'va' means 'and', 'hamon' means 'the abundance/wealth', 'miknehem' means 'their livestock', 'le-shalal' means 'for plunder', 've' again 'and', 'zeritim' means 'a reproach or scorn', 'le-kol-ruach' means 'to every wind', 'ketsutsei' means 'the tips/fine ends', 'peah' means 'a feather', 'u' means 'and', 'mi-kol' means 'from all', 'avarav' means 'his transgressions', 'aviy' means 'I will bring', 'et-eidam' means 'his testimony', 'ne'um' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[JER.49.33] And it shall be a courtyard for the camels, a desolate place forever; no man will dwell there, and no son of man will inhabit it. [§]
vehaytah chatsor lim'on tanim shemamah ad-olam lo-yeshev sham ish velo-yagur bah ben-adam.
'vehaytah' means 'and it shall be', 'chatsor' means 'courtyard' or 'enclosure', 'lim'on' means 'for the purpose of' or 'as a place for', 'tanim' means 'dromedaries' or 'camels', 'shemamah' means 'deserted' or 'waste', 'ad-olam' means 'forever', 'lo-yeshev' means 'no one will sit' i.e., 'no one will dwell', 'sham' means 'there', 'ish' means 'man' (human being), 'velo-yagur' means 'and will not linger' i.e., 'and will not inhabit', 'bah' means 'in it', 'ben-adam' means 'son of man' i.e., 'human being'.
[JER.49.34] Now the word of Yahveh to Jeremiah the prophet to Elam in the beginning of the reign of Zedekiah king of Judah, saying: [§]
asher haya dvar Yahveh el Yirmeyahu ha nabi el Elam bereshit malkhut Tzidkiyah melech Yehudah le'emor
'asher' means 'that/which', 'haya' means 'was', 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'Yirmeyahu' means 'Jeremiah', 'ha' means 'the', 'nabi' means 'prophet', 'el' again means 'to', 'Elam' is a proper name of a nation, 'bereshit' means 'in the beginning', 'malkhut' means 'reign/kingdom', 'Tzidkiyah' is the name 'Zedekiah', 'melech' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'le'emor' means 'to say/ saying'.
[JER.49.35] Thus says Yahveh of hosts, Behold, I am breaking the bow of the Eternal, the chief of their might. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot hineni shover et-cheshet Eilam reshith gevuratam.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'hineni' means 'Behold' or 'here I am', 'shover' means 'I am breaking', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'cheshet' means 'bow', 'Eilam' (עֵילָם) means 'eternal' or 'everlasting', 'reshith' means 'chief' or 'head', and 'gevuratam' means 'their might' (gevurah = strength, -am = their).
[JER.49.36] And I will bring to eternity four winds from the four quarters of the heavens, and they will be scattered to all these winds, and the nation that does not come there shall be forever exiled. [§]
ve heveiti el eilam arba ruchot mei arba ketsot hashamaim ve zeritim lekol haruchot ha'eleh ve lo yihyeh hagoy asher lo yavo sham nidchei olam.
've' means 'and', 'heveiti' means 'I will bring', 'el' means 'to', 'eilam' means 'eternity' or 'everlasting', 'arba' means 'four', 'ruchot' means 'winds' or 'spirits', 'mei' means 'from', 'ketsot' means 'ends' or 'quarters', 'hashamaim' means 'the heavens', 'zeritim' (from the root *zar*) means 'scattered' or 'dispersed', 'lekol' means 'to all' or 'for all', 'haruchot' means 'the winds' (the same word as earlier but with the definite article), 'ha'eleh' means 'these', 've' again means 'and', 'lo' means 'not', 'yihyeh' means 'shall be', 'hagoy' means 'the nation', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'lo' again 'not', 'yavo' means 'come', 'sham' means 'there', 'nidchei' means 'the exiles' or 'those who are driven out', 'olam' means 'forever' or 'eternity'.
[JER.49.37] And I will strike down Eilam before their enemies and before those who seek their lives, and I will bring upon them evil, the wrath of My face, declares Yahveh, and I will send after them the sword until I have finished them. [§]
ve hachatti et elam le fnei oyvehem ve le fnei mevakshei nafsham ve heveeti aleihem ra a et charon api neum Yahveh ve shillachti acharei hem et hacheret ad kalloti otam.
've' means 'and', 'hachatti' means 'I will strike down', 'et' is the accusative particle (no translation), 'elam' is a proper name meaning 'eternal' or 'Eilam', 'le fnei' means 'before', 'oyvehem' means 'their enemies', 've le fnei' means 'and before', 'mevakshei' means 'those who seek', 'nafsham' means 'their lives', 've heveeti' means 'and I will bring', 'aleihem' means 'upon them', 'ra a' means 'evil', 'et charon' means 'the wrath', 'api' means 'of My face', 'neum' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 've shillachti' means 'and I will send', 'acharei hem' means 'after them', 'et hacheret' means 'the sword', 'ad' means 'until', 'kalloti' means 'I finish', 'otam' means 'them'.
[JER.49.38] And I will set my throne in Elam, and I will destroy from there a king and princes, says Yahveh. [§]
Vesamti kisei be'elam vehavadti misham melech vesharim neum-Yahveh.
'Ve' means 'and', 'samti' means 'I will set', 'kisei' means 'my throne', 'be'elam' means 'in Elam', 've' means 'and', 'havadt i' means 'I will destroy', 'misham' means 'from there', 'melech' means 'king', 'vesharim' means 'and princes', 'neum-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh'.
[JER.49.39] And it shall be in the latter days I will restore the captivity forever, says Yahveh. [§]
ve-hayah be-acharit ha-yamim ashiv et-shevith olam ne'um Yahveh.
've' means 'and', 'hayah' means 'it shall be', 'be' means 'in', 'acharit' means 'the end' or 'latter', 'ha-yamim' means 'the days', 'ashiv' means 'I will bring back' or 'restore', 'et' is a particle marking the direct object, 'shevith' means 'captivity', 'olam' means 'forever', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, the divine name.
JER.50
[JER.50.1] The word which Yahveh spoke to Babylon, to the land of the Chaldeans, by Jeremiah the prophet. [§]
ha-dabar asher diber Yahveh el-Babel el-eretz kashdim be-yad Yirmiyahu ha-navi.
'ha-dabar' means 'the word', 'asher' means 'which', 'diber' means 'spoke', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'Babel' is 'Babylon', 'el' again 'to', 'eretz' means 'the land', 'kashdim' means 'of the Chaldeans', 'be-yad' means 'by the hand of', 'Yirmiyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'ha-navi' means 'the prophet'.
[JER.50.2] Proclaim among the nations and make them hear; raise a banner and make them hear. Do not be ashamed. Say, "We have captured Babylon; we have shamed Bel, the god Marduk; we have shamed its anger, its cruelty, its ruin." [§]
hagidu bagoyim vehashmiu usau-nes hashmiu al-tekhachedu imru nilkedah bavel hovish bel chat merodach hovishu atzaveha chatto giluleha.
'hagidu' means 'announce' (imperative plural). 'bagoyim' means 'among the nations'. 'vehashmiu' means 'and cause them to hear'. 'usau-nes' means 'raise a signal or banner'. 'hashmiu' repeats 'make them hear'. 'al-tekhachedu' means 'do not be deceived or ashamed'. 'imru' means 'say'. 'nilkedah' means 'we shall be taken' or 'we shall capture' in a passive sense, here indicating Babylon will be taken. 'bavel' is the proper name 'Babylon'. 'hovish' means 'shame' (verb). 'bel' is the name of a Babylonian deity. 'chat' is an emphatic particle similar to 'indeed' or 'surely'. 'merodach' is the name 'Marduk', chief Babylonian god. 'hovishu' means 'shame them'. 'atzaveha' means 'its cruelty' or 'its anger'. 'chatto' is a particle meaning 'behold' or 'surely'. 'giluleha' means 'its ruin' or 'its dispersion'.
[JER.50.3] For a nation from the north has risen against her; he will lay waste her land and there will be no one dwelling in it, from man to beast they have fled, they have gone. [§]
Ki alah aleha goi mitzafon hu-yashit et-artsah le-shammah ve-lo yihye yoshev bah me'adam ve-ad behemah nadu halachu.
'Ki' means 'for', 'alah' means 'has risen', 'aleha' means 'against her', 'goi' means 'nation', 'mitzafon' means 'from the north', 'hu-yashit' means 'he will cause', 'et-artsah' means 'her land', 'le-shammah' means 'to desolation', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yihye' means 'will be', 'yoshev' means 'dwelling', 'bah' means 'in it', 'me'adam' means 'from man', 've-ad' means 'and up to', 'behemah' means 'beast', 'nadu' means 'they have fled', 'halachu' means 'they went away'.
[JER.50.4] In those days and at that time says Yahveh the children of Israel and the children of Judah will come together walking and weeping they will go and they will seek Yahveh their Gods. [§]
Bayamim hahema uva'et hahi ne'um Yahveh yavo'u b'nei Yisrael hemmah u'v'nei Yehudah yachdav halokh uvacho yel'chu ve'et Yahveh Eloheihem yevakeshu.
'Bayamim' means 'in the days', 'hahema' means 'those', 'uva'et' means 'and at the time', 'hahi' means 'that', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'yavo'u' means 'they will come', 'b'nei' means 'the children of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hemmah' means 'they', 'u'v'nei' means 'and the children of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'halokh' means 'walking', 'uvacho' means 'and weeping', 'yel'chu' means 'they will go', 've'et' is the direct object marker, 'Yahveh' again the name of God, 'Eloheihem' means 'their Gods' (plural), 'yevakeshu' means 'they will seek'.
[JER.50.5] Zion will inquire the way; here are their faces. Come and dwell with Yahveh, the everlasting covenant you will not forget. [§]
Tziyon yish'alu derekh hena p'neihem bo'u ve-nilu el-Yahveh brit olam lo tishkaḥ.
'Tziyon' means 'Zion', 'yish'alu' means 'will ask' or 'shall inquire', 'derekh' means 'the way', 'hena' means 'here', 'p'neihem' means 'their faces' (lit. 'their front'), 'bo'u' means 'come', 've-nilu' means 'and stay' or 'dwell', 'el-Yahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'brit' means 'covenant', 'olam' means 'everlasting' or 'forever', 'lo' means 'not', 'tishkaḥ' means 'you will forget' (second person singular).
[JER.50.6] The lost flock, my people, their shepherds were confounded; the mountains were stirred; from the mountain to the hill they went, they forgot their dwelling. [§]
tzon ovdot hayu ammi roehhem hitum harim shovvim mehar el givah halachu shachchu rivtzam.
'tzon' means 'flock', 'ovdot' means 'lost', 'hayu' means 'were', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'roehhem' means 'their shepherds', 'hitum' means 'were confounded', 'harim' means 'mountains', 'shovvim' means 'stirred', 'mehar' means 'from the mountain', 'el givah' means 'to the hill', 'halachu' means 'they went', 'shachchu' means 'they forgot', 'rivtzam' means 'their dwelling'.
[JER.50.7] All their offspring they ate, and their companions said, 'We are not guilty under that which we sinned against Yahveh, the habitation of righteousness and the hope of their ancestors, Yahveh.' [§]
Kol-motse'eyhem achalum ve-tzareihem amru lo ne'esham tachat asher chatu laYahveh neveh-tzedek u-mikveh avoteihem Yahveh.
'Kol' means 'all', 'motse'eyhem' means 'their offspring', 'achalum' means 'they ate them', 've-tzareihem' means 'and their companions', 'amru' means 'they said', 'lo' means 'not', 'ne'esham' means 'guilty', 'tachat' means 'under', 'asher' means 'that which', 'chatu' means 'they sinned', 'laYahveh' means 'against Yahveh', 'neveh-tzedek' means 'habitation of righteousness', 'u-mikveh' means 'and from the hope', 'avoteihem' means 'of their ancestors', 'Yahveh' is the name of God.
[JER.50.8] They shall flee from the midst of Babylon and from the land of the Chaldeans, and they shall go out and be like stags before the flock. [§]
Nudu mitokh Babel umeeretz Kashdim yitzeu viheyu keatutim lifnei tzon.
'Nudu' means 'they shall flee', 'mitokh' means 'from the midst of', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'umeeretz' means 'and from the land of', 'Kashdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'yitzeu' means 'they shall go out', 'viheyu' means 'and they shall be', 'keatutim' means 'like stags', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'tzon' means 'the flock'.
[JER.50.9] Because, behold, I am the one who awakens and lifts up against Babylon a great assembly of nations from the northern land, and they will march against her; from there you will be taken captive, its half like a mighty wise one will not return empty. [§]
Ki hi-neh a-no-chi me-eer u-ma-a-leh al Ba-vel ke-hal go-yim ge-do-lim me-e-rets tza-fon ve-a-ru-chu lah mi-sham ti-la-ched chit-tsa-iv ke-gi-vor mash-kil lo ya-shuv rei-kam.
'Ki' means 'because', 'hi-neh' means 'behold', 'a-no-chi' means 'I', 'me-eer' means 'who awakens' or 'who lifts up', 'u-ma-a-leh' means 'and raises', 'al' means 'against', 'Ba-vel' means 'Babel' (Babylon), 'ke-hal' means 'assembly' or 'congregation', 'go-yim' means 'nations', 'ge-do-lim' means 'great', 'me-e-rets' means 'from the land', 'tza-fon' means 'north', 've-a-ru-chu' means 'and they will go/march', 'lah' means 'against her', 'mi-sham' means 'from there', 'ti-la-ched' means 'you will be taken captive', 'chit-tsa-iv' means 'its half', 'ke-gi-vor' means 'like a mighty one', 'mash-kil' means 'wise' or 'clever', 'lo' means 'not', 'ya-shuv' means 'will return', 'rei-kam' means 'empty'. No divine name appears in this verse, so no special name translation is needed.
[JER.50.10] And it shall be like a field for plunder; all its plunderers shall be satisfied, declares Yahveh. [§]
vehayetah kashdim leshalal kol sholleleha yisba'u ne'um Yahveh.
've' means 'and', 'hayetah' means 'it shall be', 'kashdim' means 'like fields', 'leshalal' means 'for plunder', 'kol' means 'all', 'sholleleha' means 'those who plunder it', 'yisba'u' means 'they shall be satisfied', 'ne'um' means 'the word of' and 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.50.11] Because you will rejoice, because you will be proud, you who mock my inheritance, because you will be trampled like a fat lamb, and you will behave scandalously like the mighty. [§]
Ki tismchi ki ta'alzi shosei nachalati ki tafushi ke'egla dasha ve'titzhali ka'avirim.
'Ki' means 'because', 'tismchi' means 'you will rejoice', 'ta'alzi' means 'you will be proud', 'shosei' means 'those who mock' (from the root meaning to deride), 'nachalati' means 'my inheritance', 'tafushi' means 'you will be humbled' or 'you will be trampled', 'ke'egla' means 'like a lamb', 'dasha' means 'fat' or 'well-fed', 've'titzhali' means 'and you will behave scandalously', 'ka'avirim' means 'like the mighty' (from avir, meaning strong).
[JER.50.12] Shame your mother greatly, she bore you; behold the end of the nations, a desert of thirst and desolation. [§]
Bosha immekhem meod chafrah yoldatkhem hineh acharit goyim midbar tziyah vearabah.
'Bosha' means 'shame', 'immekhem' means 'your mother', 'meod' means 'greatly', 'chafrah' means 'she dug' or idiomatically 'she bore', 'yoldatkhem' means 'you were born', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'acharit' means 'the end', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'midbar' means 'desert', 'tziyah' means 'thirst', 've' means 'and', 'arabah' means 'desolation' or 'wilderness'.
[JER.50.13] From the wrath of Yahveh you shall not return, and it shall become total desolation; anyone who passes over Babylon will be put to shame and will be poured out upon all its wounds. [§]
Mi qetsef Yahveh lo teshev vehayta shemamah kula kol over al-Bavel yissom ve-yishrok al kol makkoteha.
'Mi' means 'from', 'qetsef' means 'wrath' or 'anger', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'lo' means 'not', 'teshev' means 'you will sit' or 'you will return', 'vehayta' means 'and it will become', 'shemamah' means 'desolation', 'kula' means 'all of it', 'kol' means 'all', 'over' means 'who passes', 'al' means 'over', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'yissom' means 'will be put to shame', 've-yishrok' means 'and will be poured out', 'al' means 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'makkoteha' means 'its blows or wounds'.
[JER.50.14] Climb upon Babylon, surround all the ways of the bow, strike her; do not be ashamed of scorn, for Yahveh has sinned. [§]
Irchu al-Bavel saviv kol-dorchei keshet yedu eileha al-tachmelu el-chetz ki laYahveh chataah.
'Irchu' means 'climb' (imperative plural). 'al-Bavel' means 'upon Babylon'. 'saviv' means 'around' or 'surrounding'. 'kol-dorchei' means 'all the ways of'. 'keshet' means 'bow'. 'yedu' means 'strike' (imperative plural). 'eileha' means 'her', referring to Babylon. 'al-tachmelu' means 'do not be ashamed'. 'el-chetz' means 'of scorn' or 'mockery'. 'ki' means 'because' or 'for'. 'laYahveh' is the prepositional form of the divine name YHVH, translated literally as 'to Yahveh'. 'chataah' means 'has sinned' or 'has erred'. The verse is rendered literally as a command to attack Babylon and a warning not to be ashamed of mockery, concluding that the reason is that Yahveh has sinned.
[JER.50.15] Let them make a din upon her all around; she lifted her hand; they fell, her towers were destroyed, her walls broken, because the vengeance of Yahveh is upon her; they have taken vengeance against her, as she had done to her. [§]
hariau aleha saviv natnah yadah naf'lu ashveiteha neher'su chomoteha ki niqmat Yahveh hi hinakmu ba ka'asher asata asu-lah.
'hariau' means 'let them make a din or shout', 'aleha' means 'upon her', 'saviv' means 'around', 'natnah' means 'she lifted', 'yadah' means 'her hand', 'naf'lu' means 'they fell', 'ashveiteha' means 'her enemies' (or 'they that are against her'), 'neher'su' means 'were destroyed', 'chomoteha' means 'her walls', 'ki' means 'because', 'niqmat' means 'the vengeance', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hi' means 'it is', 'hinakmu' means 'they have taken vengeance', 'ba' means 'against her', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'asata' means 'she did', 'asu-lah' means 'do to her'.
[JER.50.16] Like a sower from Babylon and a reaper of the harvest at the time of harvest because of the sword of the dove, each man will turn to his people and each man will flee to his land. [§]
kirtu zorea mibabel vetofes maggal be'et qatsir mipnei chereb hayona ish el ammo yifnu veish leartsso yanusu.
'kirtu' means 'like the cutting', 'zorea' means 'sower', 'mibabel' means 'from Babylon', 'vetofes' means 'and the reaper', 'maggal' means 'of the harvest', 'be'et' means 'at the time of', 'qatsir' means 'harvest', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'chereb' means 'sword', 'hayona' means 'the dove', 'ish' means 'a man', 'el ammo' means 'to his people', 'yifnu' means 'they will turn', 'veish' means 'and a man', 'leartsso' means 'to his land', 'yanusu' means 'they will flee'.
[JER.50.17] The scattered Israel lion drove away the first who devoured the king of Assyria, and this last one, Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon. [§]
Seh p'zu'rah Yisrael arayot hiddichu ha rishon achalo melek Assur ve'ze ha'acharon itsmo Nebuchadrezar melek Bavel.
'Seh' means 'scattered' or 'the scattered', 'p'zu'rah' means 'those who are scattered', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'arayot' means 'lions', 'hiddichu' means 'they drove away', 'ha rishon' means 'the first', 'achalo' means 'who ate it', 'melek' means 'king', 'Assur' means 'Assyria', 've'ze' means 'and this', 'ha'acharon' means 'the last', 'itsmo' is a reflexive form meaning 'himself' or 'its own', 'Nebuchadrezar' is the name of the Babylonian king, and 'Bavel' means 'Babylon'.
[JER.50.18] Therefore thus says Yahveh of hosts the Gods of Israel, behold I will appoint against the king of Babylon and against his land as I appointed against the king of Assyria. [§]
Lachen ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael hineni poked el-melekh Bavel ve-el-arts'o ka'asher pokedti el-melekh Ashur.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' means 'the Gods', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hineni' means 'here I am', 'poked' means 'I will appoint', 'el-melekh' means 'to the king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 've-el-arts'o' means 'and to his land', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'pokedti' means 'I appointed', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria'.
[JER.50.19] And I will bring Israel back to its youth, and the vine of Carmel and the wheat, and the mountain of Ephraim and Gilead shall satisfy his soul. [§]
ve-shovavti et Yisrael el navehu ve-raah ha karmel ve habashan uvehar Efrayim ve hagilaad tishba nafsho.
've' means 'and', 'shovavti' means 'I will cause to return/restore', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'Yisrael' is the name of Israel, 'el' means 'to', 'navehu' means 'its youth', 've' again 'and', 'raah' means 'vine' (here with 'ha karmel' = 'the Carmel'), 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'karmel' is a place name, 've' again 'and', 'habashan' means 'the wheat', 'uvehar' means 'and the mountain of', 'Efrayim' is 'Ephraim', 've' again 'and', 'hagilaad' means 'the Gilead', 'tishba' means 'shall satisfy', 'nafsho' means 'his soul'.
[JER.50.20] In those days and at that time says Yahveh, the guilt of Israel will be sought and will not be found, and the sin of Judah will not be found, for I will forgive the one I will keep. [§]
Ba-yamim ha-hem u-va-et ha-hi neum Yahveh yevukash et avon Yisrael ve-einenu ve-et chatat Yehudah ve-lo timatzena ki eslach la-asher ashair.
'Ba-yamim' means 'in the days', 'ha-hem' means 'those', 'u-va-et' means 'and at the time', 'ha-hi' means 'that', 'neum Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'yevukash' means 'will be sought', 'et avon' means 'the guilt', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 've-einenu' means 'and it will not be found', 've-et chatat' means 'and the sin', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'timatzena' means 'will be found', 'ki' means 'for', 'eslach' means 'I will forgive', 'la-asher' means 'the one who', 'ashair' means 'I will keep' or 'I will spare'.
[JER.50.21] On the earth two bitterness go up upon her, and to the dwellers of watch plunder and the ban after them, says Yahveh, and do all that I commanded you. [§]
al-haaretz meratayim aleh aleha ve'el-yoshevei pekod charov ve-hacherem acharehem ne'um-Yahveh va'aseh kechol asher tzivitkha.
'al-haaretz' means 'on the earth', 'meratayim' means 'bitterness' in a dual or repeated sense, 'aleh' means 'go up' or 'rise', 'aleha' means 'upon her', 've'el-yoshevei' means 'and to the dwellers of', 'pekod' means 'watch' or 'vigilance', 'charov' means 'plunder', 've-hacherem' means 'and the ban' or 'curse', 'acharehem' means 'after them', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'va'aseh' means 'and do', 'kechol' means 'as all' or 'everything', 'asher' means 'that', 'tzivitkha' means 'I commanded you'.
[JER.50.22] A war sound is in the land, and great destruction. [§]
Kol milchamah baaretz veshever gadol.
'Kol' means 'sound' or 'voice', 'milchamah' means 'war', 'baaretz' means 'in the land', 've' is a conjunction meaning 'and', 'shever' means 'destruction' or 'breaking', 'gadol' means 'great'.
[JER.50.23] How is torn and shatters the hammer of all the earth? How was it for shame, Babylon, among the nations. [§]
Eich nigda va-yishaver patish kol ha-aretz Eich hayta le-shammah Babel ba-goyim.
'Eich' means 'how', 'nigda' means 'is torn' or 'is broken', 'va-yishaver' means 'and shatters', 'patish' means 'hammer', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-aretz' means 'the earth', 'Eich' again means 'how', 'hayta' means 'was', 'le-shammah' means 'for shame' or 'to shame', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'ba-goyim' means 'among the nations'.
[JER.50.24] I will punish you, and you also were captured in Babel, and you do not know, you are found, and you also are seized, because by Yahveh you have become humbled. [§]
yakash'ti lakh vegam nilkad'te babel ve'at lo yada't nimtze'et vegam nitpas'te ki baYahveh hitgarit.
'yakash'ti' means 'I will punish or crush', 'lakh' means 'you (feminine) as object', 'vegam' means 'and also', 'nilkad'te' means 'you were captured', 'babel' means 'Babel', 've'at' means 'and you (subject)', 'lo' means 'not', 'yada't' means 'you know', 'nimtze'et' means 'you are found/discovered', 'vegam' means 'and also', 'nitpas'te' means 'you are seized', 'ki' means 'because', 'baYahveh' means 'by Yahveh', 'hitgarit' means 'you have become humbled or despised'.
[JER.50.25] Yahveh opened his storehouse and brought out the implements of his wrath, for it is a work to my Lord Yahveh of hosts in the land of the Chaldeans. [§]
Patakh Yahveh et-otzro vayotze et-klei za'mo ki melacha hi laAdoni Yahveh tzevaot be'eretz Kasdim.
'Patakh' means 'opened', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'et-otzro' means 'his storehouse', 'vayotze' means 'and brought out', 'et-klei' means 'the implements of', 'za'mo' means 'his wrath', 'ki' means 'for', 'melacha' means 'a work' or 'task', 'hi' means 'it is', 'laAdoni' means 'to my Lord' (Adonai translated as my Lord), 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts' (armies), 'be'eretz' means 'in the land of', and 'Kasdim' refers to the Chaldeans.
[JER.50.26] Come to her from the border, open her disgrace, cast her down like the Arameans and cut her off; let there be no remnant for her. [§]
Bo-u lah miqetz pit'hu ma'avuseha salluhah kemo-aremim vehaharimuha al-tehi-la she'erit.
'Bo-u' means 'Come' (imperative plural), 'la' means 'to her', 'miqetz' means 'from the border' or 'from the end', 'pit'hu' means 'open' (imperative plural), 'ma'avuseha' means 'her disgrace' or 'her shame', 'salluhah' means 'cast her down' or 'sink her', 'kemo-aremim' means 'like the Arameans', 'veharimuha' means 'and cut her off' (imperative), 'al-tehi-la' means 'let there be none for her', 'she'erit' means 'remnant'.
[JER.50.27] Sharpen all its young; they will go down to the slaughter. Woe upon them, for the day has come, the time of their judgment. [§]
Chirbu kol-pareha yeredu latavach hoy aleihem ki-vo yomam et pekudatam.
'Chirbu' means 'sharpen', 'kol-pareha' means 'all its young (offspring)', 'yeredu' means 'they will go down', 'latavach' means 'to the slaughter', 'hoy' means 'woe', 'aleihem' means 'upon them', 'ki-vo' means 'for [the] coming', 'yomam' means 'day', 'et' means 'time', 'pekudatam' means 'their judgment'.
[JER.50.28] A voice of fugitives and survivors from the land of Babel to declare in Zion the vengeance of Yahveh our Gods the vengeance of his sanctuary. [§]
Kol nasim u'feletim me'eretz Babel lehagid beTziyon et-nikmat Yahveh Eloheinu nikmat hekalo.
'Kol' means 'voice', 'nasim' means 'fugitives', 'u'feletim' means 'and survivors', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land of', 'Babel' means 'Babel', 'lehagid' means 'to declare', 'beTziyon' means 'in Zion', 'et-nikmat' means 'the vengeance of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'Eloheinu' means 'our Gods' (literally 'our the Gods'), 'nikmat' means 'the vengeance of', 'hekalo' means 'his sanctuary' or 'the sanctuary'.
[JER.50.29] Listen to Babylon, many are all the ways of the bow; be gracious upon her everywhere; let there be no escape; pay her according to her work, as for all that she has done, do to her, for Yahveh is angry, to the Holy One of Israel. [§]
hashmia'u el-Babel rabbim kol-dor'khei keshet chanu alayha saviv al-yehi-fletha shalmu-la kefaloh kechol asher asata asu-la ki el-Yahveh zadah el-kedosh Yisrael.
'hashmia'u' means 'listen' (imperative plural), 'el-Babel' means 'to Babylon', 'rabbim' means 'many', 'kol-dor'khei' means 'all the ways/paths', 'keshet' means 'bow', 'chanu' means 'be gracious/compassionate', 'alayha' means 'upon her', 'saviv' means 'around', 'al-yehi-fletha' means 'let there be no escape', 'shalmu-la' means 'pay her', 'kefaloh' means 'according to her work', 'kechol' means 'as all', 'asher' means 'that', 'asata' means 'she has done', 'asu-la' means 'do to her', 'ki' means 'for', 'el-Yahveh' means 'to Yahveh' (the name YHVH rendered as Yahveh), 'zadah' means 'is angry', 'el-kedosh' means 'to the Holy One', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[JER.50.30] Therefore they will fall among its youths in its streets and all the men of its battle will be silent on that day declares Yahveh. [§]
lachen yippelu bakhureha birchovoteha ve'kel anshei milchamatah yiddammu bayoam hahu neum Yahveh
'lachen' means 'therefore', 'yippelu' means 'they will fall', 'bakhureha' means 'in its youths', 'birchovoteha' means 'in its streets', 've'kel' means 'and all', 'anshei' means 'men', 'milchamatah' means 'of its battle', 'yiddammu' means 'will be silent', 'bayoam hahu' means 'on that day', 'neum Yahveh' means 'declares Yahveh'.
[JER.50.31] Behold, I, to you, wickedness, says my Lord Yahveh of hosts, for your day has come, the time I appointed you. [§]
Hineni eleicha zadon ne'um Adonai Yahveh Tzevaot ki ba yomkha et pekadtikha.
'Hineni' means 'Behold' or 'Here I am', 'eleicha' means 'to you', 'zadon' means 'wickedness', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in the heavenly armies), 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'ba' means 'has come', 'yomkha' means 'your day', 'et' means 'time', 'pekadtikha' means 'I have appointed you' or 'I have set for you'.
[JER.50.32] And (it) will stumble wickedness and fall, and there is no one to raise (it), and I will set fire in its cities, and it will devour all its surroundings. [§]
ve-kashal zadon ve-napal ve-ein lo mekim ve-hitzatti esh be-areav ve-achla kol-sevivotav.
've-kashal' means 'and will stumble', 'zadon' means 'wickedness' or 'evil', 've-napal' means 'and will fall', 've-ein' means 'and there is not', 'lo' means 'for him/its', 'mekim' means 'raiser' or 'one who raises', 've-hitzatti' means 'and I will set' (from the verb to set, first person singular), 'esh' means 'fire', 'be-areav' means 'in his cities', 've-achla' means 'and it will devour', 'kol-sevivotav' means 'all his surroundings'.
[JER.50.33] Thus says Yahveh of hosts, 'The guilty, the sons of Israel and the sons of Judah together, and all their returnees, have kept them from us; send them.' [§]
Ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot ashukim b'nei Yisrael u'beni Yehudah yachdav vechol shoveihem hecheziku bam me'anu shalcham.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'Tzevaot' means 'of hosts', 'ashukim' means 'the guilty' or 'the transgressors', 'b'nei' means 'sons of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'u'beni' means 'and sons of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'shoveihem' means 'their returnees' or 'those who turn back to them', 'hecheziku' means 'they have held' or 'they have kept', 'bam' means 'in them' or 'with them', 'me'anu' means 'from us', 'shalcham' means 'send them'.
[JER.50.34] Redeemer strong Yahveh of hosts his name is dispute he will contend with their dispute for the purpose of calming the earth and stirring up those who dwell in Babel. [§]
Go'alam Chazak Yahveh Tzevaot Shemo Riv Yariv Et Rivam Lema'an Hirgi'a Et Haaretz Vehirgiz Leyioshvei Babel.
'Go'alam' means 'Redeemer', 'Chazak' means 'strong', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Shemo' means 'his name is', 'Riv' means 'dispute', 'Yariv' means 'he will contend', 'Et' is a direct object marker, 'Rivam' means 'their dispute', 'Lema'an' means 'for the purpose of', 'Hirgi'a' means 'to calm', 'Haaretz' means 'the earth', 'Vehirgiz' means 'and to stir up', 'Leyioshvei' means 'those who dwell in', 'Babel' means 'Babylon'.
[JER.50.35] A sword upon the lowlands declares Yahveh, and to the inhabitants of Babylon, and to its princes, and to its wise men. [§]
cherav al kasdim ne'um Yahveh ve'el yoshvei Bavel ve'el sareha ve'el chachameha.
'cherav' means 'sword', 'al' means 'upon', 'kasdim' means 'the lowlands', 'ne'um' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 've'el' means 'and to', 'yoshvei' means 'the inhabitants of', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'sareha' means 'its princes', and 'chachameha' means 'its wise men'.
[JER.50.36] Sword against the idle and they fell; sword against its warriors and they fell. [§]
cherav el-habaddim veno'alu cherav el-giboreha vachatu.
'cherav' means 'sword', 'el' means 'to' or 'against', 'habaddim' means 'the idle' or 'the unarmed', 'veno'alu' means 'and they fell' or 'and they were cut down', 'giboreha' means 'her warriors' or 'its mighty ones', 'vachatu' means 'and they were cut' or 'and they fell'.
[JER.50.37] A sword against his horses and his chariot and all the evening that is within it, and they shall be for women; a sword against her treasures and they shall be humbled. [§]
Chereb el susav ve el rikvo ve el kol haerev asher betochah ve hayu le nashim chereb el otzroteha u buzzu.
'Chereb' means 'sword', 'el' means 'to' or 'against', 'susav' means 'his horses', 've' means 'and', 'rikvo' means 'his chariot' or 'his riding', 'kol' means 'all', 'haerev' means 'the evening', 'asher' means 'that which', 'betochah' means 'inside it', 'hayu' means 'they shall be', 'le nashim' means 'for women', 'otzroteha' means 'her treasures', 'u' means 'and', 'buzzu' means 'humbled' or 'shamed'.
[JER.50.38] A sword against its waters, and they will be dried, for it is a land of idols, and in the idols they will boast. [§]
Chorev el-meimeha ve-yabeshu ki eretz pesilim hi u-vaeyim yitholalu.
'Chorev' means 'sword', 'el' means 'to' or 'against', 'meimeha' means 'its waters', 've-yabeshu' means 'and they will be dried', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'eretz' means 'land', 'pesilim' means 'idols', 'hi' means 'it is', 'u-vaeyim' means 'and in the idols', 'yitholalu' means 'they will boast' or 'they will exult'.
[JER.50.39] Therefore the foreigners will sit with the peoples and they will dwell there, the daughters of Yaaneh, and they will not sit again forever, nor will they dwell until generation after generation. [§]
lachen yeshvu tsiyim et iyyim ve yeshvu bah banot yaaneh velo teshev od lanetzach velo yishkon ad dor vador.
'lachen' means 'therefore', 'yeshvu' means 'they will sit' or 'they will dwell', 'tsiyim' means 'foreigners' or 'strangers', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'iyyim' means 'peoples', 've' means 'and', the second 'yeshvu' same as before, 'bah' means 'there', 'banot' means 'daughters', 'yaaneh' is a proper name meaning 'the daughters of Yaaneh', 'velo' means 'and not', 'teshev' means 'will sit', 'od' means 'again', 'lanetzach' means 'forever', the second 'velo' again 'and not', 'yishkon' means 'will dwell', 'ad' means 'until', 'dor' means 'generation', 'vador' means 'and generation'.
[JER.50.40] As the overturning of the Gods of Sodom and of Gomorrah and of its neighbors, says Yahveh, no man shall sit there and no son of man shall dwell in it. [§]
kemohefekhat elohim et-sedom ve-et-amora ve-et-shekeneha neum yahveh lo-yisheiv sham ish ve-lo-yagur bah ben-adam.
'kemohefekhat' means 'as the overturning' or 'like a turning over'; 'elohim' means 'the Gods'; 'et' is the direct object marker; 'sedom' is the name of the city Sodom; 've-et' means 'and also' introducing the next objects; 'amora' is the city Gomorrah; 've-et' again introduces another; 'shekeneha' means 'its neighbors' (literally 'neighbors of it'); 'neum' means 'says' or 'declares'; 'yahveh' is the proper name of God translated as Yahveh; 'lo-yisheiv' means 'shall not sit' or 'shall not reside'; 'sham' means 'there'; 'ish' means 'a man'; 've-lo-yagur' means 'and shall not dwell'; 'bah' means 'in it'; 'ben-adam' means 'son of man' (i.e., a human being).
[JER.50.41] Behold, a people is coming from the north, and a great nation, and many kings will be awakened from the ends of the earth. [§]
Hinneh am ba mitzafon ve-goy gadol u-melachim rabbim ye'oru mi-yarketei-aretz.
'Hinneh' means 'behold', 'am' means 'people', 'ba' means 'is coming', 'mitzafon' means 'from the north', 've-goy' means 'and a nation', 'gadol' means 'great', 'u-melachim' means 'and kings', 'rabbim' means 'many', 'ye'oru' means 'will be awakened', 'mi-yarketei' means 'from the ends', 'aretz' means 'of the earth'.
[JER.50.42] A bow and a spear they will hold; they are ruthless and will not have mercy; their voice like the sea will roar; and on horses they will ride; your city like a man of war upon you, daughter of Babylon. [§]
Keshet ve'kidon yachaziku achzari hemma velo yerachemu kolam kayam yehemeh ve'al-susim yirkavu arukh ke'ish lamilchama alayich bat-bavel.
'Keshet' means 'bow' or 'rainbow', 've' means 'and', 'kidon' means 'spear', 'yachaziku' means 'they will hold', 'achzari' means 'the ruthless' or 'cruel', 'hemma' means 'they', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yerachemu' means 'they will have mercy', 'kolam' means 'their voice', 'kayam' means 'like the sea', 'yehemeh' means 'it will roar' or 'be terrible', 've'al' means 'and on', 'susim' means 'horses', 'yirkavu' means 'they will ride', 'arukh' means 'your city', 'ke'ish' means 'like a man', 'lamilchama' means 'for war', 'alayich' means 'upon you', 'bat-bavel' means 'daughter of Babylon'.
[JER.50.43] The king of Babylon heard Shimam and released his hands; distress seized him, strength as a newborn. [§]
shama melekh-bavel et-shimam ve-rapu yadaiv tzara hechezikathu chil kayoledah.
'shama' means 'heard', 'melekh-bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'et' is a grammatical marker with no direct English equivalent, 'shimam' is a proper name, 've' means 'and', 'rapu' means 'loosened' or 'released', 'yadaiv' means 'his hands', 'tzara' means 'distress' or 'trouble', 'hechezikathu' means 'it seized him' or 'he held him', 'chil' means 'strength', 'kayoledah' means 'as a newborn'.
[JER.50.44] Behold, like a lion he will rise from the pride of the Jordan to the oak valley, for I will pursue them from above; and who is chosen to watch over her, I will examine, for who is like me and who will contend with me, and who is this shepherd that will stand before me. [§]
Hinneh ke'aryeh ya'aleh mig'oon haYarden el-nveh etan ki-argia arutsem me'aleha u-mi bachur eleha efkod ki mi kamoni u-mi yo'edeni u-mi ze ro'eh asher ya'amod lefanai.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold', 'ke'aryeh' means 'like a lion', 'ya'aleh' means 'will go up', 'mig'oon' means 'from the pride', 'haYarden' means 'the Jordan', 'el-nveh' means 'to the valley', 'etan' means 'of oak', 'ki' means 'because', 'argia' means 'I will pursue', 'arutsem' means 'them from above', 'u-mi' means 'and who', 'bachur' means 'chosen', 'eleha' means 'to her', 'efkod' means 'I will examine', 'mi' means 'who', 'kamoni' means 'is like me', 'yo'edeni' means 'will contend with me', 'ze' means 'this', 'ro'eh' means 'shepherd', 'asher' means 'who', 'ya'amod' means 'will stand', 'lefanai' means 'before me'.
[JER.50.45] Therefore listen to the counsel of Yahveh which He gave to Babylon, and His thoughts which He thought concerning the land of the Chaldeans: if they will not be taken away, the young of the flock, if He will not place a shepherd upon them. [§]
Lachen shimu etzat-yahveh asher yaatz el-bavel u-machsh'votav asher chashav el-aretz kashdim im lo yis'chavum tzeirei hatzon im lo yashim aleihem naveh.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'shimu' means 'listen' (imperative plural), 'etzat-yahveh' means 'the counsel of Yahveh' (YHGH translated as Yahveh), 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'yaatz' means 'He advised' (verb from advise), 'el-bavel' means 'to Babylon', 'u-machsh'votav' means 'and his thoughts', 'asher' again 'that', 'chashav' means 'He thought', 'el-aretz' means 'to the land', 'kashdim' means 'the Chaldeans', 'im lo' means 'if not', 'yis'chavum' means 'they will be taken away' (verb from take), 'tzeirei hatzon' means 'the young of the flock', 'im lo' again 'if not', 'yashim' means 'He will place', 'aleihem' means 'upon them', 'naveh' means 'a shepherd' or 'herdsman'. The divine name YHWH is rendered as 'Yahveh' per the guideline.
[JER.50.46] From the voice of the captive, Babylon will be shaken, the earth will tremble, and the nations will hear the cry. [§]
Miqqol nitpeshah Babel nir'ashah haaretz uze'akah bagoyim nishma.
'Miqqol' means 'from the voice', 'nitpeshah' means 'of the captive', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'nir'ashah' means 'will be shaken', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'uze'akah' means 'and the cry', 'bagoyim' means 'among the nations', 'nishma' means 'will be heard'.
JER.51
[JER.51.1] Thus says Yahveh, Behold, I will raise a wind upon Babylon and upon the dwellers of the heart, a destroying wind. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh hineni meir al-Babel ve'el yoshvei lev qamayi ruach mashchit.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'meir' means 'I will raise' or 'I will awaken', 'al-Babel' means 'upon Babylon', 've'el' means 'and to', 'yoshvei' means 'the dwellers of', 'lev' means 'heart', 'qamayi' means 'my rising' or 'my [coming] up', 'ruach' means 'wind', 'mashchit' means 'destroying' or 'that destroys'.
[JER.51.2] And I will send foreigners to Babylon and they will scatter it and they will pour out its land, because they were around it on a day of evil. [§]
Veshillachti leBabel zarim vezeruah vibokku et-aretzah ki-hayu aleha misaviv beyom raah.
'Veshillachti' means 'and I will send', 'leBabel' means 'to Babylon', 'zarim' means 'foreigners' or 'strangers', 'vezeruah' means 'and they will scatter it', 'vibokku' means 'and they will pour out', 'et-aretzah' means 'its land', 'ki-hayu' means 'because they were' or 'for they were', 'aleha' means 'upon it' or 'against it', 'misaviv' means 'around', 'beyom' means 'in a day', 'raah' means 'evil' or 'disaster'.
[JER.51.3] To the one who will guide, the guide of the path, his bow, and to the one who will arise in his certainty; and do not be ashamed of its selection, the blackened, all its host. [§]
el-yidrokh yederekh hadorek kashto ve-el-yit'al be-siryonoh ve-al-tachmelu el-bachureha hacharimu kol-tz'va'ah.
'el' means 'to' or 'toward', 'yidrokh' is a verb form meaning 'he will guide' or 'he will walk', 'yederekh' means 'his way' or 'his path', 'hadorek' is the definite noun 'the guide', 'kashto' likely means 'his bow' (from root 'kash' meaning 'to bend' or 'bow'), 've' means 'and', 'el' again 'to', 'yit'al' is a verb 'he will rise' or 'he will be lifted', 'be-siryonoh' means 'in his certainty' (from root 'sarah' meaning 'firmness'), 've'al' means 'and do not', 'tachmelu' is a verb 'be ashamed' (imperative negative), 'el-bachureha' means 'to its choice' or 'to its selection', 'hacharimu' is 'the blackened' or 'the darkened', 'kol' means 'all', 'tz'va'ah' means 'host' or 'army'. No divine names appear in this verse, so no special name translations are needed.
[JER.51.4] And dead bodies fell in the land of the plain, and the buried in its outskirts. [§]
ve-naplu chalalim be-aretz kashdim u-mdukkarim be-chutzoteha.
've' means 'and', 'naplu' means 'fell', 'chalalim' means 'dead bodies', 'be-aretz' means 'in the land', 'kashdim' means 'of the plain', 'u' means 'and', 'mdukkarim' means 'the buried', 'be-chutzoteha' means 'in its outskirts'.
[JER.51.5] For not an orphan Israel and Judah from his God from Yahveh of hosts because their land is full of guilt from the holy of Israel. [§]
Ki lo alman Yisrael viYehudah meElohav meYahveh Tzevaot ki artzam malah asham miQedosh Yisrael.
'Ki' means 'for', 'lo' means 'not', 'alman' is a difficult noun that likely means 'orphan' or 'without a protector', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'viYehudah' means 'and Judah', 'meElohav' means 'from his God' ('El' translated as God), 'meYahveh' means 'from Yahveh' (YHVH translated as Yahveh), 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in 'Lord of Hosts'), 'ki' again means 'because', 'artzam' means 'their land', 'malah' means 'is full', 'asham' means 'guilt' or 'sin', 'miQedosh' means 'from the holy' ('Qedosh' meaning holy), and the final 'Yisrael' again means 'Israel'.
[JER.51.6] Flee from within Babel and rescue each man his soul; do not be silent because of its iniquity, for it is a time of vengeance for Yahveh; He is the one who will repay, He will give recompense for it. [§]
Nusu mitokh Bavel u-maltu ish nafsho al-tidammu ba'avonah ki et nekamah hi la-YHVH gemul hu meshaleim la.
'Nusu' means 'they fled', 'mitokh' means 'from within', 'Bavel' means 'Babel', 'u-maltu' means 'and rescue', 'ish' means 'a man', 'nafsho' means 'his soul', 'al-tidammu' means 'do not be silent', 'ba'avonah' means 'in its iniquity', 'ki' means 'for', 'et' means 'time', 'nekamah' means 'of vengeance', 'hi' means 'it is', 'la-YHVH' means 'to Yahveh', 'gemul' means 'recompense', 'hu' means 'He', 'meshaleim' means 'pays/redeems', 'la' means 'for it'.
[JER.51.7] A golden cup of Babylon in the hand of Yahveh makes all the earth drunk; from its wine the nations drank; therefore the nations shall boast. [§]
Kos zahav Babel be-yad Yahveh meshakeret kol ha-aretz mi-yenah shatu goyim al-ken yithollelu goyim.
'Kos' means 'cup', 'zahav' means 'golden', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'be-yad' means 'in the hand of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'meshakeret' means 'makes drunk' or 'causes to be intoxicated', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-aretz' means 'the earth', 'mi-yenah' means 'from its wine', 'shatu' means 'they drank', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'al-ken' means 'therefore', 'yithollelu' means 'they shall boast'.
[JER.51.8] Suddenly Babylon fell and she broke; they shouted against her, take my rock for her anguish, perhaps she will be healed. [§]
Pitom nafla Bavel ve-tishaver heililu al-aha kechu tzori le-makova ulai terafe.
'Pitom' means 'suddenly', 'nafla' means 'fell', 'Bavel' is the name 'Babylon', 've-tishaver' means 'and she broke', 'heililu' means 'they shouted' or 'they cried out', 'al-aha' means 'against her' or 'upon her', 'kechu' means 'take', 'tzori' means 'my rock' (a title for God), 'le-makova' means 'for her anguish' or 'to relieve her pain', 'ulay' means 'perhaps', 'terafe' means 'she will be healed'.
[JER.51.9] Heal us, Babylon, and it shall not be healed; abandon her, and we will each go to his own land, for he has touched the heavens, her judgment, and will be lifted up to the heavens. [§]
Rippenu et-Babel ve'lo nirpatah izvova ve'nelekh ish leartzo ki-naga el-hashamayim mishpatah ve'nisa ad-shechakim.
'Rippenu' means 'heal us', 'et-Babel' means 'Babylon' (the object marker 'et' marks Babylon as the object), 've'lo' means 'and not', 'nirpatah' means 'will be healed', 'izvova' means 'abandon her', 've'nelekh' means 'and we will go', 'ish' means 'a man', 'leartzo' means 'to his land', 'ki' means 'because', 'naga' means 'touched or reached', 'el-hashamayim' means 'to the heavens', 'mishpatah' means 'her judgment', 've'nisa' means 'and will be lifted', 'ad-shechakim' means 'to the heavens' or 'up to the skies'. No divine name appears in this verse, so no special name translation is needed.
[JER.51.10] Yahveh brings forth our righteousness; Come, and we will recount in Zion the work of Yahveh our Gods. [§]
Hotsi Yahveh et tzidkoteinu bo'u un'sap'ra beTzion et ma'aseh Yahveh Eloheinu.
'Hotsi' means 'brings forth', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'tzidkoteinu' means 'our righteousness', 'bo\'u' is the imperative plural of 'come', 'un\'sap'ra' means 'and we will recount', 'beTzion' means 'in Zion', the second 'et' is again the direct‑object marker, 'ma'aseh' means 'work' or 'deed', the second 'Yahveh' is again YHVH, and 'Eloheinu' means 'our Gods' (Elohim translated as 'the Gods').
[JER.51.11] Break the plowshares, fill the dominions! Awake, Yahveh, the spirit of the kings of Media, because upon Babylon is its plot to destroy it, for Yahveh's vengeance is the vengeance of his house. [§]
Haveru hachitzim milu hash-shelatim heir Yahveh et-ruach malchei Madai ki al-Babel mezimato lehashchita hi nikmat Yahveh hi nikmat heichalo.
'Haveru' means 'break' (imperative plural), 'hachitzim' means 'the plowshares', 'milu' means 'fill' (imperative plural), 'hash-shelatim' means 'the dominions', 'heir' means 'awake' (imperative), 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'ruach' means 'spirit', 'malchei' means 'kings of', 'Madai' means 'Media', 'ki' means 'because', 'al' is a preposition meaning 'upon', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'mezimato' means 'its plot' or 'its scheme', 'lehashchita' means 'to destroy it', 'hi' is a pronoun meaning 'it', 'nikmat' means 'vengeance/revenge', 'Yahveh' again is the divine name, 'heichalo' means 'his house' or 'his temple'. The divine name YHWH is rendered as Yahveh according to the given rule.
[JER.51.12] To the walls of Babylon lift a banner, hold fast the watch, establish the guards, prepare the evening ones, because Yahveh also raged, Yahveh also did what He spoke to the inhabitants of Babylon. [§]
El-chomot Babel se-u-nes hachaziku hamishmar hakimu shomrim hachinu haorvim ki gam-zamam Yahveh gam-asa et asher-diver el-yoshvei Babel.
'El' means 'to' (preposition), 'chomot' means 'walls', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'se-u-nes' means 'lift up a banner', 'hachaziku' means 'hold fast', 'hamishmar' means 'the watch', 'hakimu' means 'established', 'shomrim' means 'guards', 'hachinu' means 'prepared', 'haorvim' means 'the evening ones' (i.e., those who set watches), 'ki' means 'because', 'gam' means 'also', 'zamam' means 'has raged', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'gam-asa' means 'also did', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'asher-diver' means 'that which was spoken', 'el' means 'to', 'yoshvei' means 'inhabitants', 'Babel' means 'Babylon'.
[JER.51.13] I have dwelt upon many waters, great storehouses; come, your end is truth in your purpose. [§]
shokhanti al mayim rabbim rabbat otzrot ba kitshek emet bitshek
'shokhanti' means 'I have dwelt', 'al' means 'upon', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'rabbim' means 'many' or 'great', 'rabbat' means 'great' (feminine), 'otzrot' means 'storehouses' or 'treasures', 'ba' means 'come' or 'has come', 'kitshek' means 'your end' (the suffix 'k' indicating second person masculine singular), 'emet' means 'truth', 'bitshek' means 'in your (feminine) purpose' or 'in your intent' (the suffix '-ek' indicating second person feminine singular).
[JER.51.14] Yahveh of hosts swore by his soul that if you fill a man like a piece of metal and they answered to you Heidad. [§]
Nishba Yahveh Tzevaot benafsho ki im-milleteikh adam kayelq ve'anu alayich heidad.
'Nishba' means 'he swore', 'Yahveh' means the divine name YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'of hosts', 'benafsho' means 'by his soul', 'ki' means 'that', 'im' means 'if', 'milleteikh' means 'you fill (feminine singular)', 'adam' means 'man', 'kayelq' means 'like a piece of metal', 've'anu' means 'and they answered', 'alayich' means 'to you (feminine singular)', 'heidad' is a proper noun or term retained as is.
[JER.51.15] He makes the earth with his strength, prepares the world with his wisdom, and by his understanding stretches out the heavens. [§]
Oseh eretz b'choho mechin tevel b'chochmato u'v'tevunato nata shamayim.
'Oseh' means 'makes' or 'who makes', 'eretz' means 'earth' or 'land', 'b'choho' means 'by his strength', 'mechin' means 'prepares', 'tevel' means 'world', 'b'chochmato' means 'with his wisdom', 'u'v'tevunato' means 'and with his understanding', 'nata' means 'stretched out', 'shamayim' means 'heavens'.
[JER.51.16] To the sound of his voice the waters in the heavens rose, and He lifted carriers from the ends of the earth; He made lightning for the rain, and wind went forth from His storehouses. [§]
Leqol tito hāmon mayim bashamayim vayya'al nesi'im mikze-aretz berakim lamatar asah vayotse ruach meotsrotav.
'Leqol' means 'to the voice', 'tito' means 'of his sound', 'hāmon' means 'the strength' or 'power', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'bashamayim' means 'in the heavens', 'vayya'al' means 'and He rose/rose up', 'nesi'im' means 'carriers' or 'those who lift', 'mikze-aretz' means 'from the ends of the earth', 'berakim' means 'lightning', 'lamatar' means 'for the rain', 'asah' means 'made', 'vayotse' means 'and He sent out' or 'and He caused to go forth', 'ruach' means 'wind' or 'spirit', 'meotsrotav' means 'from His storehouses'.
[JER.51.17] All men will be burned from knowledge, shaming the refiner from the idol because its price is false and there is no spirit in them. [§]
Nivar kol adam midaat hovesh kol tzoref mipasel ki sheker nisko ve lo ruach bam.
'Nivar' means 'will be burned', 'kol' means 'all', 'adam' means 'man', 'midaat' means 'from knowledge', 'hovesh' means 'shames' or 'embarrasses', 'kol' means 'all', 'tzoref' means 'refiner' or 'smelter', 'mipasel' means 'from the idol', 'ki' means 'because', 'sheker' means 'falsehood' or 'lie', 'nisko' means 'its price' or 'its value', 've' means 'and', 'lo' means 'no', 'ruach' means 'spirit', 'bam' means 'in them'.
[JER.51.18] Vanity they work of vanities; at the time of their duty they will perish. [§]
Hevel hemmah ma'aseh ta'tu'im be'et pekudatam yo'avdu.
'Hevel' means 'vanity' or 'futility', 'hemmah' means 'they', 'ma'aseh' means 'work' or 'deed', 'ta'tu'im' means 'vanities' or 'foolish pursuits', 'be'et' means 'at the time of', 'pekudatam' means 'their appointed service' or 'their duty', 'yo'avdu' means 'they will perish' or 'they will be lost'.
[JER.51.19] These are not Jacob's share, for the Creator of all is He, and the lineage of his inheritance, Yahveh of hosts, is his name. [§]
Lo ke'eleh chelek Yaakov ki yotser ha kol hu ve'shevet nachalato Yahveh tzevaot shmo.
'Lo' means 'not', 'ke'eleh' means 'these', 'chelek' means 'share' or 'portion', 'Yaakov' is the name 'Jacob', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'yotser' means 'Creator' or 'Maker', 'ha kol' means 'the all' (everything), 'hu' means 'he' or 'it', 've' means 'and', 'shevet' means 'tribe' or 'lineage', 'nachalato' means 'his inheritance', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in armies), and 'shmo' means 'his name'. The divine title 'Yahveh tzevaot' therefore is rendered as 'Yahveh of hosts'.
[JER.51.20] You are the breaker for me of war weapons, and I will scatter nations through you, and I will destroy kingdoms through you. [§]
Mappetz atah li k'lei milchamah, ve-nippatzti becha goyim, ve-hishchati becha mamlachot.
'Mappetz' means 'breaker' or 'scatterer', 'atah' means 'you', 'li' means 'for me', 'k'lei' means 'weapons of' (construct form of 'kli' = 'weapon, tool'), 'milchamah' means 'war', 've-nippatzti' means 'and I will scatter', 'becha' means 'through you' or 'in you', 'goyim' means 'nations', 've-hishchati' means 'and I will destroy', 'mamlachot' means 'kingdoms'.
[JER.51.21] I will break in you a horse and its rider, and I will break in you a chariot and its rider. [§]
ve'nippatsti becha sus ve'rokhvo ve'nippatsti becha rechev ve'rokhvo.
've'nippatsti' means 'and I will break', 'becha' means 'in you' (or 'upon you'), 'sus' means 'horse', 've'rokhvo' means 'and its rider', 'rechev' means 'chariot', the second 've'rokhvo' repeats 'and its rider'.
[JER.51.22] Yahveh will rend in you a man and a woman, Yahveh will rend in you an old man and a youth, Yahveh will rend in you a young man and a virgin. [§]
ve-nippatsati becha ish ve-isha ve-nippatsati becha zaken va-naar ve-nippatsati becha bachur u-vedutla.
've' means 'and', 'nippatsati' means 'I will rend' (first person singular), 'becha' means 'in you', 'ish' means 'man', 'isha' means 'woman', 'zaken' means 'old man', 'naar' means 'youth', 'bachur' means 'young man', 'dutla' means 'virgin'. The speaker is God, so 'I' is understood as Yahveh.
[JER.51.23] And I will crush in you the shepherd and his flock, and I will crush in you the herd and its group, and I will crush in you the young goats and the does. [§]
ve-nippatti beka ro'eh ve-edro ve-nippatti beka ikar ve-tzimdo ve-nippatti beka pachot u-sganim.
've' means 'and'; 'nippatti' (from nippetz) means 'I will break' or 'I will crush'; 'beka' means 'against you' or 'in you'; 'ro'eh' means 'shepherd'; 'edro' means 'his flock' or 'his herd'; the second 'ikar' is a rare term that likely denotes a 'herd' or 'group of livestock'; 'tzimdo' is a related term meaning 'its herd' or 'its group' (often used poetically for a flock); 'pachot' means 'young goats' or 'kids'; 'u' is the conjunction 'and'; 'sganim' means 'female goats' or 'does'.
[JER.51.24] And I will repay Babylon and all the inhabitants of the plains for all their evil which they have done in Zion before your eyes, says Yahveh. [§]
Vshilamti leBabel ulechol yoshevei Kashdim et kolraatam asher asu beTziyon leeynekhem neum Yahveh.
'Vshilamti' means 'I will repay', 'leBabel' means 'to Babylon', 'ulechol' means 'and to all', 'yoshevei' means 'inhabitants of', 'Kashdim' means 'the plains', 'et' is an object marker (no English equivalent), 'kolraatam' means 'all their evil', 'asher' means 'which', 'asu' means 'they have done', 'beTziyon' means 'in Zion', 'leeynekhem' means 'before your eyes', 'neum' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.51.25] Behold I am to you the mountain the destroyer, says Yahveh, the destroyer of the whole earth; and I will stretch out my hand upon you and I will roll you from the rocks and I will give you to a burning mountain. [§]
Hineni eleicha har hamashchit ne'um Yahveh hamashchit et kol haaretz ve'natiti et yadi aleicha ve'gilgalti'cha min hasela'im u'natati'cha lehar serefah.
'Hineni' means 'Behold, I am'; 'eleicha' means 'to you'; 'har' means 'mountain'; 'hamashchit' means 'the destroyer'; 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh' (Yahveh is the literal translation of YHVH); the second 'hamashchit' repeats 'the destroyer'; 'et kol haaretz' means 'the whole earth'; 've'natiti' means 'and I will stretch out'; 'et yadi' means 'my hand'; 'aleicha' means 'upon you'; 've'gilgalti'cha' means 'and I will roll you'; 'min hasela'im' means 'from the rocks'; 'u'natati'cha' means 'and I will give you'; 'lehar' means 'to a mountain'; 'serefah' means 'of fire' (a burning mountain).
[JER.51.26] And they will not take from you a stone for a foundation, nor a stone for foundations, because disgrace will be forever, says Yahveh. [§]
Ve lo yikchu mimkha even lephinah ve even lemosadot ki shimmot olam tihye ne'um Yahveh.
'Ve' means 'and', 'lo' means 'not', 'yikchu' means 'they will take', 'mimkha' means 'from you', 'even' means 'stone', 'lephinah' means 'for a foundation', 've' means 'and', 'even' means 'stone', 'lemosadot' means 'for foundations', 'ki' means 'because', 'shimmot' means 'disgrace' or 'defilement', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 'tihye' means 'will be', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.51.27] Raise a banner on the earth; sound the trumpet among the nations; sanctify it among the nations; they shall proclaim over it the kingdoms of Ararat, from Mini and Ashkenaz; keep watch over it, the banner of the horse like a swift caravan. [§]
seu nes baaretz tiqu shofar bagoyim kadsheu aleha goyim hashmiyu aleha mamlekhot ararat mini vashkenaz pikdu aleha tipsar haalu-sus kyelek samar.
'seu' means 'lift' or 'raise', 'nes' means 'banner', 'baaretz' means 'on the earth', 'tiqu' means 'sound' or 'blow', 'shofar' means 'trumpet', 'bagoyim' means 'among the nations', 'kadsheu' means 'make holy' or 'sanctify', 'aleha' means 'over it/her', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'hashmiyu' means 'they shall proclaim', 'mamlekhot' means 'kingdoms', 'ararot' is a proper name referring to 'Ararat', 'mini' is a place name 'Mini', 'vashkenaz' is a place name 'Ashkenaz', 'pikdu' means 'keep watch' or 'oversee', 'tipsar' means 'flag' or 'banner', 'haalu-sus' means 'the horse', 'kyelek' means 'swift' or 'like a courier', 'samar' means 'caravan' or 'merchant'.
[JER.51.28] Sanctify her, O nations, the kings of Media, its parts and all its troops, and all the land of his dominion. [§]
Kaddeshu aleha goyim et malchei Madi et pachoteha ve'et kol s'ganeyha ve'et kol eretz memshalto.
'Kaddeshu' means 'sanctify' (imperative plural), 'aleha' means 'her' or 'upon her', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'et malchei Madi' means 'the kings of Media', 'et pachoteha' means 'its parts' (literally 'its pieces'), 've'et kol s'ganeyha' means 'and all its troops/hosts', and 've'et kol eretz memshalto' means 'and all the land of his dominion'.
[JER.51.29] The earth quaked and became sick because Yahveh's plans rose against Babylon, to make the land of Babylon desolate, without a dweller. [§]
vatrash haaretz vatachol ki kama al Bavel machshevot Yahveh lasum et aretz Bavel leshama meein yoshv.
'vatrash' means 'shook' (the earth), 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'vatachol' means 'and it became sick', 'ki' means 'because', 'kama' means 'arose' or 'came up', 'al' means 'against', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'machshevot' means 'thoughts/plans', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'lasum' means 'to make', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'aretz' means 'land', 'Bavel' again 'Babylon', 'leshama' means 'desolate', 'meein' means 'without', 'yoshv' means 'dweller/inhabitant'.
[JER.51.30] The mighty of Babylon have ceased fighting; they sit in the strongholds, having drunk their own power. They have become for women, they set fire to her houses, and her bricks have been broken. [§]
Hadelu giborei Bavel lehilachem yashvu bametzadot nashta gevuratam hayu lenashim hittzu mishkenoteha nisberu bericheha.
'Hadelu' means 'have ceased' or 'stopped'. 'giborei' means 'the mighty' (plural of 'gibor', warrior). 'Bavel' means 'Babylon'. 'lehilachem' means 'to fight'. 'yashvu' means 'they sit' or 'they dwell'. 'bametzadot' means 'in the strongholds' or 'in the fortresses'. 'nashta' means 'they have drunk' (referring to strength). 'gevuratam' means 'their might' or 'their power'. 'hayu' means 'they were' or 'they became'. 'lenashim' means 'for women'. 'hittzu' means 'they kindled' or 'they set fire to'. 'mishkenoteha' means 'her houses' (referring to Babylon). 'nisberu' means 'they are broken' or 'they have been broken'. 'bericheha' means 'in her bricks' (the bricks of the city).
[JER.51.31] Run to meet the runner; he will run, and the herald to meet the herald to proclaim to the king of Babylon that his city has been captured from the end. [§]
ratz liqraat-ratz yarutz umaggid liqraat maggid lehaggid lemelek bavel ki nilkedah iro miqtze.
'ratz' means 'run' or 'runner'; 'liqraat' means 'to meet' or 'for the purpose of meeting'; the hyphen links the phrase 'liqraat-ratz' as 'to meet the runner'; 'yarutz' means 'will run'; 'umaggid' means 'and a herald' or 'and one who announces'; the second 'liqraat' again means 'to meet'; 'maggid' means 'herald' or 'announcer'; 'lehaggid' means 'to announce' or 'to proclaim'; 'lemelek' means 'to the king'; 'bavel' means 'Babylon'; 'ki' means 'that' or 'because'; 'nilkedah' means 'has been captured' or 'was seized'; 'iro' means 'his city'; 'miqtze' means 'from the end' or 'to the very end'.
[JER.51.32] And the passages were seized, and the camps were burned with fire, and the men of war were terrified. [§]
veha-ma'avrot nitpasu ve'et ha-agamim saru ba-esh ve'an'shei ha-milchamah nivhalo.
'veha-ma'avrot' means 'and the passages', 'nitpasu' means 'were seized', 've'et' means 'and the', 'ha-agamim' means 'camps', 'saru' means 'they burned', 'ba-esh' means 'with fire', 've'an'shei' means 'and the men of', 'ha-milchamah' means 'war', 'nivhalo' means 'were terrified'.
[JER.51.33] For thus says Yahveh of hosts, the God of Israel, daughter of Babylon, like a grain at the time she is gathered; still a little, and the harvest time will come to her. [§]
ki kho amar Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael bat-Babel kegoren et hidrikah od me'at uvah et haqtzir lah.
'ki' means 'for', 'kho' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH and is rendered as 'Yahveh', 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'Elohei' means 'God(s) of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'bat-Babel' means 'daughter of Babylon', 'kegoren' means 'like a grain', 'et' means 'time', 'hidrikah' means 'she will be gathered', 'od' means 'still', 'me'at' means 'a little', 'uvah' means 'and will come', 'haqtzir' means 'the harvest', 'lah' means 'to her'.
[JER.51.34] We ate our desolation; Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon, presented us an empty vessel, we were devoured like a crocodile, filled with his spoil from our ancestors, and he cast us out. [§]
Achananu hamamaninu Nebuchadrezar melek Bavel hitziganu keli riq bela'anu kattanin mila kresho me'adani hedihanun.
'Achananu' means 'we ate', 'hamamaninu' is a difficult fragment likely meaning 'our famine' or 'our desolation', 'Nebuchadrezar' is the personal name of the Babylonian king, 'melek Bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'hitziganu' means 'he presented us' or 'he showed us', 'keli riq' means 'empty vessel', 'bela'anu' (from 'bla') suggests 'we were devoured' or 'we swallowed', 'kattanin' means 'like a crocodile' (tannin = sea monster, crocodile), 'mila kresho' means 'full of his spoils', 'me'adani' means 'from our ancestors', and 'hedihanun' means 'he cast us out' or 'he drove us away'.
[JER.51.35] My oppression and my remains, against Babylon, will say: the dweller of Zion, and my blood to the inhabitants of the rich will say: Jerusalem. [§]
chamasi ush'eri al Bavel tomar yoshevet Tziyon ve-dami el yoshvei kashdim tomar Yerushalam.
'chamasi' means 'my oppression', 'ush'eri' means 'and my remains', 'al Bavel' means 'against Babylon', 'tomar' means 'will say', 'yoshevet Tziyon' means 'the dweller of Zion', 've-dami' means 'and my blood', 'el yoshvei' means 'to the inhabitants of', 'kashdim' means 'the rich' or 'the wealthy', 'tomar' (second occurrence) means 'will say', 'Yerushalam' means 'Jerusalem'.
[JER.51.36] Therefore thus says Yahveh, Behold, I am many concerning your dispute, and I will avenge your vengeance, and I will make the sea dry, and I will dry up its source. [§]
Lachen koh amar Yahveh hineni-rav et-ribecha ve-nikkamti et-nikmatecha ve-hacharavti et-yamah ve-hovashsti et-mekorah.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'koh' means 'thus' or 'so', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH, 'hineni' means 'here I am' or 'behold', 'rav' means 'many' or 'great', together 'hineni-rav' expresses 'I am many' or 'I am great', 'et' is the accusative particle marking the direct object, 'ribecha' means 'your quarrel' or 'your dispute', 've-nikkamti' means 'and I will avenge', 'nikmatecha' means 'your vengeance', 've-hacharavti' means 'and I will make dry', 'et-yamah' means 'the sea', 've-hovashsti' means 'and I will dry up', 'et-mekorah' means 'its source' or 'its spring'. The idiom 'hineni-rav' is rendered literally as 'I am many' to preserve the sense of abundant power.
[JER.51.37] And it shall be Babylon for the exiles, a dwelling of serpents, there and darkness, without a dweller. [§]
vehaytah Babel legalim meon-tannim shammah ushreka meein yoshev.
'vehaytah' means 'and it will be', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'legalim' means 'for the exiles', 'meon-tannim' means 'dwelling of serpents', 'shammah' means 'there', 'ushreka' means 'and darkness', 'meein' means 'from no' or 'without', 'yoshev' means 'dweller' or 'one who sits'.
[JER.51.38] Together like young goats they will howl; they have grown like the cubs of lionesses. [§]
Yachdav kakkefirim yishagu na'aru ke-go'rei a-ra-yot.
'Yachdav' means 'together', 'kakkefirim' means 'like young goats', 'yishagu' means 'they will howl', 'na'aru' means 'they have grown' or 'they are youthful', 'ke-go'rei' means 'like cubs', 'arayot' means 'lionesses'.
[JER.51.39] In their heat I will place their cups and I will hire them for the purpose of they may rejoice and they will sleep a year of eternity and they will not awaken, says Yahveh. [§]
Bechummam ashiti et-mishthehem ve-hishkharatim lema'an yaelodu ve-yashnu shnat olam ve-lo yakitsu ne'um Yahveh.
'Bechummam' means 'in their heat' (literally 'in their heat/anger'), 'ashiti' means 'I will place' (first person singular future), 'et-mishthehem' means 'their cups/feasts' (the direct object), 've-hishkharatim' means 'and I will hire them' or 'make them serve' (from the root hired), 'lema'an' means 'for the purpose of', 'yaelodu' means 'they may rejoice' (3rd person plural imperfect), 've-yashnu' means 'and they will sleep', 'shnat olam' means 'a year of eternity' (i.e., forever), 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yakitsu' means 'they will awaken' (future), 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.51.40] I will bring them down like goats for slaughter, like bulls with young roosters. [§]
oridem kecharim litvoach keelim im-atutim.
'oridem' means 'I will bring them down', 'ke' means 'like', 'charim' means 'goats', 'litvoach' means 'to slaughter', 'keelim' means 'bulls', 'im' means 'with', 'atutim' means 'young roosters' (a term for young male birds used in sacrificial contexts).
[JER.51.41] How we are trapped in a net, and its praise of the whole earth is shattered; how was it that Babylon was to be heard among the nations? [§]
Eich nilkeda sheshach vattitafesh tehilat kol haaretz eich hayta leshama Babel bagoyim.
'Eich' means 'how'. 'Nilkeda' means 'are we caught' or 'we are trapped'. 'Sheshach' means 'a net'. 'Vattitafesh' means 'and it is broken' or 'and it is shattered'. 'Tehilat' means 'praise'. 'Kol' means 'all' or 'the whole'. 'Haaretz' means 'the earth'. The second 'Eich' again means 'how'. 'Hayta' means 'was'. 'Leshama' literally means 'for hearing' or 'to listening', here understood as 'to be heard'. 'Babel' is the name of the city Babylon. 'Bagoyim' means 'among the nations'.
[JER.51.42] He ascended upon Babylon, the sea, and in its surge its waves were overwhelmed. [§]
Ala al-Babel hayam ba'hamon galav nikhsatah.
'Ala' means 'went up' or 'ascended', 'al-Babel' means 'upon Babylon', 'hayam' means 'the sea', 'ba'hamon' means 'in the flood' or 'in the surge', 'galav' means 'its waves', 'nikhsatah' means 'was covered' or 'was overwhelmed'.
[JER.51.43] Their cities were for the name, a dry and desolate land, a land in which no man dwells and no son of man passes through. [§]
Hayu areiha le-shammah eretz tziyah ve-aravah eretz lo-yesev ba-hem kol-ish ve-lo ya'avor ba-hem ben-adam.
'Hayu' means 'they were' or 'they became'; 'areiha' means 'its cities' (the cities belonging to it); 'le-shammah' means 'for the name' (literally 'to the name'); 'eretz' means 'land' or 'earth'; 'tziyah' means 'dry' or 'parched'; 've-aravah' means 'and desolate' or 'and barren'; the second 'eretz' repeats 'land'; 'lo-yesev' means 'does not dwell' or 'no one dwells'; 'ba-hem' means 'in it' (referring to the land); 'kol-ish' means 'any man' or 'every person'; 've-lo' means 'and not'; 'ya'avor' means 'passes through' or 'travels across'; the final 'ba-hem' again means 'in it'; 'ben-adam' means 'son of man' (a poetic way to refer to a human being).
[JER.51.44] I will punish Bel in Babylon and I will bring his offspring out of his mouth, and nations will no longer become accustomed to him; even the wall of Babylon has fallen. [§]
Ufaqadti al-Bel beBavel vehotseeti et-bil'o mippiyv velo-yinha'ru elav od goyim gam-chomat Bavel nafala.
'Ufaqadti' means 'I will punish', 'al' means 'against', 'Bel' is the name of the foreign god, 'beBavel' means 'in Babylon', 'vehotsi' means 'and I will bring out', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'bil'o' means 'his offspring', 'mippiyv' means 'from his mouth', 'velo-yinha'ru' means 'and they will not become accustomed', 'elav' means 'to him', 'od' means 'anymore', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'gam' means 'also', 'chomat' means 'wall', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'nafala' means 'has fallen'.
[JER.51.45] Go out from its midst, my people, and each man rescue his soul from the wrath of Yahveh. [§]
Tzeu mitokhah Ami u-malletu ish et-naphsho me-cheron aff Yahveh.
'Tzeu' means 'Go out', 'mitokhah' means 'from its midst', 'Ami' means 'my people', 'u-malletu' means 'and rescue', 'ish' means 'each man', 'et-naphsho' means 'his soul', 'me-cheron' means 'from the wrath', 'aff' means 'of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[JER.51.46] Lest your heart grow soft and you become afraid of the proclamation that is heard in the land, and it comes in the year of the proclamation, and after it in the year of the proclamation, there will be violence in the land and a ruler over a ruler. [§]
u-pen yerakh le-vavkhem ve-tiro u ba-shmuah ha-nishma'at ba-aretz u-va ba-shanah ha-shmuah ve-acharav ba-shanah ha-shmuah ve-chamas ba-aretz u-moshel al-moshel.
'u-pen' means 'and lest', 'yerakh' means 'your heart will become soft', 'le-vavkhem' means 'to your hearts', 've-tiro' means 'and you will be afraid', 'ba-shmuah' means 'in the proclamation/announcement', 'ha-nishma'at' means 'that is heard', 'ba-aretz' means 'in the land', 'u-va' means 'and it comes', 'ba-shanah' means 'in the year', 'ha-shmuah' repeated means 'of the proclamation', 've-acharav' means 'and after it', 've-chamas' means 'there will be violence', 'u-moshel' means 'and a ruler', 'al-moshel' means 'over a ruler'.
[JER.51.47] Therefore, behold, days are coming when I will punish the foundations of Babylon, and all its land will be desolate, and all its prisoners will fall within it. [§]
Lachen hineh yamim ba'im u'pakadti al p'silei Babel ve'chol artzah tevu'sh ve'chol chalaleha yif'lu betochah.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ba'im' means 'are coming', 'u'pakadti' means 'and I will punish', 'al' means 'on' or 'against', 'p'silei' means 'foundations' (plural of 'foundation'), 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 've'chol' means 'and all', 'artzah' means 'its land', 'tevu'sh' means 'will be desolate' or 'will be waste', 've'chol' again means 'and all', 'chalaleha' means 'its prisoners' (literally 'its captives'), 'yif'lu' means 'will fall', 'betochah' means 'within it'.
[JER.51.48] And they will rejoice over Babylon, the heavens and the earth, and all that is in them, because from the north the plunderers will come against it declares Yahveh. [§]
Ve-rinnenu al-Bavel shamayim va-aretz ve-chol asher bahem ki mi-tzafon yavo-la ha-shoddim ne'um Yahveh.
'Ve' means 'and', 'rinnenu' means 'they shall rejoice', 'al' means 'over', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 'va-aretz' means 'and earth', 've-chol' means 'and all', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'bahem' means 'in them', 'ki' means 'because', 'mi-tzafon' means 'from the north', 'yavo-la' means 'will come to it', 'ha-shoddim' means 'the plunderers', 'ne'um' means 'the saying of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, the divine name.
[JER.51.49] Even Babylon will fall, the ruin of Israel; also to Babylon fell the ruin of all the earth. [§]
Gam Babel linpol challei Yisrael gam Levabel naplu challei kol haaretz.
'Gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'linpol' means 'to fall', 'challei' means 'the ruin' or 'the plunder', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'Levabel' is the prepositional form meaning 'to Babylon', 'naplu' means 'they fell', 'kol' means 'all', 'haaretz' means 'the earth' or 'the land'.
[JER.51.50] Save from the sword, go, do not stand; remember from afar the Yahveh, and Jerusalem rise up upon your hearts. [§]
Peleitim mecherav hilku al-ta'amodu zichru me rachok et-Yahveh vi-yerushalam ta'aleh al-levavchem.
'Peleitim' means 'save' (imperative plural), 'mecherav' means 'from the sword', 'hilku' means 'go' or 'walk', 'al-ta'amodu' means 'do not stand', 'zichru' means 'remember', 'me rachok' means 'from afar', 'et-Yahveh' means 'the Yahveh' (the name YHVH rendered as Yahveh), 'vi-yerushalam' means 'and Jerusalem', 'ta'aleh' means 'rise up' (imperative), 'al-levavchem' means 'upon your hearts'.
[JER.51.51] We are ashamed because we have heard contempt, covered our faces with shame, because foreigners have come upon the sanctuaries of the house of Yahveh. [§]
boshenu ki shamanu cherpah kista k'lima paneinu ki bau zarim al mikdeshei beit Yahveh.
'boshenu' means 'we are ashamed', 'ki' means 'because', 'shamanu' means 'we have heard', 'cherpah' means 'insult' or 'contempt', 'kista' means 'covered', 'k'lima' means 'shame', 'paneinu' means 'our faces', 'ki' again means 'because', 'bau' means 'they have come', 'zarim' means 'foreigners' or 'strangers', 'al' means 'upon', 'mikdeshei' means 'the sanctuaries of', 'beit Yahveh' means 'the house of Yahveh' (YHVH translated as Yahveh).
[JER.51.52] Therefore, behold, days are coming, says Yahveh, and I will punish her foundations, and throughout her land her ruin shall be humbled. [§]
Lachen hineh yamim baim ne'um Yahveh u'pakadti al psileha u'vechol artzah ye'anok chalal.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'yamim' means 'days', 'baim' means 'coming', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'u'pakadti' means 'and I will punish', 'al' means 'upon', 'psileha' means 'her foundations' (from psil, a base or footstool), 'u'vechol' means 'and throughout', 'artzah' means 'her land', 'ye'anok' means 'shall be humbled', 'chalal' means 'her ruin' or 'destruction'.
[JER.51.53] For Babylon will be lifted up to the heavens, and its strength will be tightened, and from me plunderers will come against it, says Yahveh. [§]
Ki ta'aleh Babel ha-shamayim ve-ki tevatzér merom uzah me'iti yavo'u shoddim lah ne'um Yahveh.
Ki means for, ta'aleh means will be lifted up (literally you will rise), Babel is the proper name Babylon, ha-shamayim means the heavens, ve-ki means and for, tevatzér means will be tightened or strengthened, merom means height or lofty place, uzah means its strength, me'iti means from me, yavo'u means they will come, shoddim means plunderers or raiders, lah means against it, ne'um means says, Yahveh is the literal translation of the divine name YHOVH.
[JER.51.54] A voice of outcry from Babylon and great destruction from the land of the Chaldeans. [§]
Kol zeaka miBavel veShever gadol meeretz kashdim.
'Kol' means 'voice', 'zeaka' means 'outcry' or 'cry', 'mi' means 'from', 'Bavel' is the proper name 'Babylon', 've' means 'and', 'Shever' means 'destruction' or 'breaking', 'gadol' means 'great', 'me' means 'from', 'eretz' means 'land', 'kashdim' means 'the Chaldeans'.
[JER.51.55] For the plunderer Yahveh takes Babylon, and (I) will destroy from it a great voice, and they will be silenced like many waters; a shout will be given to their voice. [§]
ki shoded Yahveh et Babel ve'ibbad mimna kol gadol vehamu galleihem ke-mayim rabbim nitan shaon kolam.
'ki' means 'for', 'shoded' means 'plunderer' or 'devastator', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 've'ibbad' means 'and (I) will destroy' (or 'and he will destroy'), 'mimna' means 'from it', 'kol' means 'voice' or 'sound', 'gadol' means 'great', 'vehamu' means 'and they will be silent' (or 'and he will be silenced'), 'galleihem' means 'their flood/wave', 'ke-mayim' means 'like water', 'rabbim' means 'many', 'nitan' means 'will be given', 'shaon' means 'shout' or 'cry', 'kolam' means 'their voice'.
[JER.51.56] Because a plunderer came upon her, against Babylon, and her warriors were captured; he cut off their bows, for God of recompense Yahveh will fully repay. [§]
Ki ba aleha al-Bavel shodid ve-nilkedu giboreiha chitta kashtotam ki El gemulot Yahveh shalem yishalem.
'Ki' means 'because', 'ba' means 'came', 'aleha' means 'upon her', 'al-Bavel' means 'against Babylon', 'shodid' means 'plunderer', 've-nilkedu' means 'and were captured', 'giboreiha' means 'her warriors', 'chitta' means 'cut off', 'kashtotam' means 'their bows', 'El' means 'God', 'gemulot' means 'recompense', 'Yahveh' is the name of the LORD translated as Yahveh, 'shalem' means 'full', 'yishalem' means 'will repay'.
[JER.51.57] And I will appoint her princes and her wise ones, her youths and her treasures and her mighty ones, and they will lie down for an age forever and will not awaken, says the king, Yahveh of Hosts is his name. [§]
ve-hishkarti sareha vachachameha pachoteha u-seganeyha ve-giboreha ve-yashnu shenat olam ve-lo yakitsu neum ha-melekh Yahveh Tzevaot shmo.
've-hishkarti' means 'and I will hire' or 'appoint'; 'sareha' means 'her princes'; 'vachachameha' means 'and her wise ones'; 'pachoteha' means 'her youths' or 'her young ones'; 'u-seganeyha' means 'and her ornaments/treasures'; 've-giboreha' means 'and her mighty ones'; 've-yashnu' means 'and they will lie down'; 'shenat olam' means 'an age forever' (eternity); 've-lo' means 'and not'; 'yakitsu' means 'they will awaken'; 'neum ha-melekh' means 'says the king'; 'Yahveh Tzevaot' is the literal translation of YHVH as 'Yahveh' and 'Tzevaot' as 'of Hosts'; 'shmo' means 'his name'.
[JER.51.58] Thus says Yahveh of hosts: the walls of Babylon the wide shall be shaken, and its high gates shall be set on fire; the nations shall be terrified for emptiness, and the peoples for fire, and they shall be broken. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh Tzevaot chomot Bavel ha-rechavah ar'er tit'arar ush'areha ha-gevohim ba-esh yitztu ve-yigu amim bdei-reekh ul'umim bdei-esh ve-yaefu.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God (YHVH), 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'chomot' means 'walls', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'ha-rechavah' means 'the wide' or 'the spacious', 'ar'er' means 'shall be shaken', 'tit'arar' means 'shall be shaken' (reflexive), 'ush'areha' means 'and its gates', 'ha-gevohim' means 'the high', 'ba-esh' means 'in fire', 'yitztu' means 'they shall be set (on fire)', 've-yigu' means 'and they shall be terrified', 'amim' means 'nations', 'bdei-reekh' means 'for emptiness', 'ul'umim' means 'and peoples', 'bdei-esh' means 'for fire', 've-yaefu' means 'and they shall be broken'.
[JER.51.59] The word which Jeremiah the prophet commanded concerning Seriah son of Neriah son of Machseiah, when he went with Zedekiah king of Judah to Babylon in the fourth year of his reign, and Seriah was chief officer of the palace. [§]
Ha-davar asher-tzivah Yirmeyahu ha-navi et-Serayah ben-Neriya ben-Machseyah be-lekho et-Tsidkiyahu melech-Yehudah Bavel bi-shnat ha-revii-et le-malkho u-Serayah sar menucha.
'Ha-davar' means 'the word', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'tzivah' means 'commanded', 'Yirmeyahu' is the name Jeremiah, 'ha-navi' means 'the prophet', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'Serayah' is a personal name, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Neriya' is a name, 'Machseyah' is a name, 'be-lekho' means 'when he went', 'et' again marks the object, 'Tsidkiyahu' is Zedekiah, 'melech' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'bi-shnat' means 'in the year of', 'ha-revii-et' means 'the fourth', 'le-malkho' means 'of his reign', 'u-Serayah' means 'and Seriah', 'sar' means 'officer' or 'chief', 'menucha' means 'the palace'.
[JER.51.60] And Jeremiah wrote the whole disaster that will come upon Babylon in one book, all these words that are written about Babylon. [§]
vayiktov Yirmiyahu et kol-hara'ah asher-tavo el-Bavel el-sefer echad et kol-hadvarim ha'eleh haketuvim el-Bavel.
'vayiktov' means 'and he wrote'; 'Yirmiyahu' is the name Jeremiah; 'et' is a marker of the direct object; 'kol-hara'ah' means 'all the disaster' (kol = all, hara'ah = disaster/evil); 'asher-tavo' means 'that will come' (asher = that, tavo = will come); 'el-Bavel' means 'upon Babylon'; 'el-sefer' means 'in a book' (sefer = book); 'echad' means 'one' or 'single'; the second 'et' again marks the object; 'kol-hadvarim' means 'all the words' (dvarim = words, plural); 'ha'eleh' means 'these'; 'haketuvim' means 'that are written' (ketuvim = written things); the final 'el-Bavel' again means 'about Babylon'.
[JER.51.61] And Jeremiah said to Seraiah, when you come to Babylon you will see and call all these things. [§]
Vayomer Yirmehu el Serayah kevoacha Babel veraitah vekaratah et kol hadvarim haeleh.
'Vayomer' means 'And said', 'Yirmehu' means 'Jeremiah', 'el' means 'to', 'Serayah' means 'Seraiah', 'kevoacha' means 'when you come', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'veraitah' means 'and you will see', 'vekaratah' means 'and you will call', 'et' is a direct object marker (no translation), 'kol' means 'all', 'hadvarim' means 'the words/things', 'haeleh' means 'these'.
[JER.51.62] And you shall say, Yahveh, you have spoken to this place to cut it off, so that no dweller will be in it, from man to beast, because its abominations will be everlasting. [§]
veamarta Yahveh attah dibarta el ha-makom hazeh lehakrito levilti heyot-bo yoshev leme'adam ve'ad-behemah ki shemamot olam tiheye.
'veamarta' means 'and you shall say', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'attah' means 'you', 'dibarta' means 'have spoken', 'el' means 'to', 'ha-makom' means 'the place', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'lehakrito' means 'to cut it off', 'levilti' means 'without', 'heyot-bo' means 'being in it', 'yoshev' means 'a dweller', 'leme'adam' means 'from man', 've'ad-behemah' means 'and until beast', 'ki' means 'because', 'shemamot' means 'abominations', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 'tiheye' means 'will be'.
[JER.51.63] And it shall be, as you finish reading this book, you will bind a stone upon it and you will cast it into the pit. [§]
Ve hayah kechalotcha likro et hasefer hazeh tikshor alav even vehishlachto el tokh perat.
'Ve' means 'and', 'hayah' means 'it will be', 'kechalotcha' means 'as you finish', 'likro' means 'to read', 'et' is the direct object marker (not translated), 'hasefer' means 'the book', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'tikshor' means 'you will bind', 'alav' means 'upon it', 'even' means 'stone', 'vehishlachto' means 'and you will cast it', 'el' means 'into', 'tokh' means 'inside', 'perat' means 'pit'.
[JER.51.64] And you shall say, Thus Babylon will be cast down, and it shall not rise before the evil that I bring upon it, and it will be exhausted until this, the words of Jeremiah. [§]
ve'amarta kacha tishka babel velo takum mipnei ha'raah asher anochi mevi alihah veyefa u ad hena divrei yirmiyahu.
've'amarta' means 'and you shall say', 'kacha' means 'thus', 'tishka' means 'you will cast down', 'babel' means 'Babylon', 'velo' means 'and not', 'takum' means 'shall rise', 'mipnei' means 'before', 'ha'raah' means 'the evil', 'asher' means 'that', 'anochi' means 'I', 'mevi' means 'bring', 'alihah' means 'upon it', 'veyefa u' means 'and it will be exhausted', 'ad' means 'until', 'hena' means 'this', 'divrei' means 'the words of', 'yirmiyahu' means 'Jeremiah'.
JER.52
[JER.52.1] Son of twenty and one years, Zedekiyahu in his reign, and one of ten years he reigned in Jerusalem, and the name of his mother was Chamital, daughter of Jeremiah of Milvna. [§]
Ben esrim veachat shana tzedekiyahu be-malko veachat esreh shana malach birushalayim ve-shem imo chamital bat yirmiyahu milivna.
'Ben' means 'son', 'esrim' means 'twenty', 'veachat' means 'and one', 'shana' means 'year', 'tzedekiyahu' is the personal name 'Zedekiyahu', 'be-malko' means 'in his reign', 'veachat' again means 'and one', 'esreh' means 'ten', 'shana' again means 'year', 'malach' means 'reigned', 'birushalayim' means 'in Jerusalem', 've-shem' means 'and the name of', 'imo' means 'his mother', 'chamital' is the personal name 'Chamital', 'bat' means 'daughter of', 'yirmiyahu' is the personal name 'Jeremiah', and 'milivna' is the place name 'Milvna'.
[JER.52.2] And he did evil in the eyes of Yahveh, as all that Jehoiakim did. [§]
Vayyaas ha ra be'eynei Yahveh kechol asher asah Yehoyakim.
'Vayyaas' means 'and he did', 'ha ra' means 'the evil', 'be'eynei' means 'in the eyes of', 'Yahveh' means 'Yahveh', 'kechol' means 'as all', 'asher' means 'that which', 'asah' means 'he did', 'Yehoyakim' means 'Jehoiakim'.
[JER.52.3] Because the wrath of Yahveh was upon Jerusalem and Judah until he cast them from his face, and Zedekiah rebelled against the king of Babylon. [§]
ki al-af Yahveh hayetah birushalam veyehoodah ad-hishlikho otam me'al panav vayimrod tzidkiyahu bemelech bavel.
'ki' means 'because', 'al-af' means 'upon the wrath', 'Yahveh' means the divine name YHVH, 'hayetah' means 'was', 'birushalam' means 'Jerusalem', 'veyehoodah' means 'and Judah', 'ad-hishlikho' means 'until he cast', 'otam' means 'them', 'me'al' means 'from upon', 'panav' means 'his face', 'vayimrod' means 'and he rebelled', 'tzidkiyahu' means 'Zedekiah', 'bemelech' means 'against the king', 'bavel' means 'Babylon'.
[JER.52.4] And it happened in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, the month of Ashur, when Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he and all his forces, against Jerusalem, and they laid siege to it, and they built a surrounding ditch around it. [§]
Vayehi bashanah hatshi'it lemalcho bachodesh ha'ashiri be'esor lachodesh ba nevuqad'retzar melekh-bavel hu vechol-cheilo al-yerushalayim vayachanu aleha vayivnu aleha dayak saviv.
'Vayehi' means 'and it happened', 'bashanah' means 'in the year', 'hatshi'it' means 'the ninth', 'lemalcho' means 'of his reign', 'bachodesh' means 'in the month', 'ha'ashiri' means 'the tenth', 'be'esor' means 'of Ashur', 'lachodesh' means 'the month', 'ba' means 'when', 'Nebuchadnezzar' is the name of the king, 'melekh-bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'hu' means 'he', 'vechol-cheilo' means 'and all his force', 'al-yerushalayim' means 'against Jerusalem', 'vayachanu' means 'they laid siege', 'aleha' means 'to it', 'vayivnu' means 'they built', 'aleha' again 'around it', 'dayak' means 'ditch', 'saviv' means 'surrounding'.
[JER.52.5] And the city entered the siege until the eighteenth year of King Zedekiah. [§]
Vattavó ha'ir ba-matzór ad ashtéi ésreh shánah la-mélékh Tzidkíyahu.
'Vattavó' means 'and [it] went/entered', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'ba-matzór' means 'into the siege', 'ad' means 'until', 'ashtéi ésreh shánah' means 'two and ten years' i.e., 'eighteen years', 'la-mélékh' means 'to the king' (the dative), 'Tzidkíyahu' is the proper name 'Zedekiah'.
[JER.52.6] In the fourth month, on the ninth day of the month, the famine grew strong in the city, and there was no bread for the people of the land. [§]
Ba chodesh ha revii be tisha ha chodesh vayechazak ha raav ba ir velo hayah lechem le am ha aretz.
'Ba' means 'in the', 'chodesh' means 'month', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'revii' means 'fourth', 'be' means 'at' or 'on', 'tisha' means 'nine', 'vayechazak' means 'and it grew strong' (referring to famine), 'raav' means 'famine', 'ba' means 'in', 'ir' means 'city', 'velo' means 'and not', 'hayah' means 'was', 'lechem' means 'bread', 'le' means 'for', 'am' means 'people', 'ha' means 'the', 'arets' means 'land'.
[JER.52.7] And the city was broken through, and all the men of war fled; they went out of the city by night along the gate way between the two walls that were on the king's garden, and the towers around the city; and they went the way toward the west. [§]
vativbaqa ha'ir vechol anshei hammilchamah yivarchu vayetz'u meha'ir layla derekh sha'ar bein-hachomotayim asher al-gan hamelekh ve'kasdim al-ha'ir saviv vayelchu derekh ha'arevah.
"vativbaqa" means "and he broke" (or "and it broke"); "ha'ir" means "the city"; "vechol" means "and all"; "anshei" means "men of"; "hammilchamah" means "the war"; "yivarchu" means "will flee"; "vayetz'u" means "and they went out"; "meha'ir" means "from the city"; "layla" means "by night"; "derekh" means "the way"; "sha'ar" means "gate"; "bein-hachomotayim" means "between the two walls"; "asher" means "that"; "al-gan" means "on the garden"; "hamelekh" means "of the king"; "ve'kasdim" means "and the towers"; "al-ha'ir" means "on the city"; "saviv" means "around"; "vayelchu" means "and they went"; "derekh" again means "the way"; "ha'arevah" means "to the west".
[JER.52.8] And they pursued the army of the Chaldeans after the king, and they captured Zedekiah at the evening of his month, and all his army was scattered from over him. [§]
va-yirdefu cheil-kasdim acharai ha-melekh va-yasigu et-TSIDKIYAHU be'arvot yerekhho ve-chol-cheilo napatsu me'alav.
'va-yirdefu' means 'and they pursued', 'cheil-kasdim' means 'the army of the Chaldeans', 'acharai' means 'after', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'va-yasigu' means 'and they captured', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (no English equivalent), 'TSIDKIYAHU' means 'Zedekiah', 'be'arvot' means 'at the evening', 'yerekhho' means 'of his month' (i.e., of his moon), 've-chol' means 'and all', 'cheilo' means 'his army', 'napatsu' means 'were scattered', 'me'alav' means 'from over him'.
[JER.52.9] And they seized the king and lifted him to the king of Babylon the great in the land of Hamat, and he spoke with him judgments. [§]
vayitpesu et ha-melekh vayaa'alu oto el melekh Babel riblatah be eretz chamat vayedaber ito mishpatim.
'vayitpesu' means 'and they seized', 'et' is a marker of the direct object (no English equivalent), 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'vayaa'alu' means 'and they lifted/raised', 'oto' means 'him', 'el' means 'to/against', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'riblatah' means 'the great' (as a descriptor of Babylon), 'be' means 'in', 'eretz' means 'land', 'chamat' is a place name 'Hamat', 'vayedaber' means 'and he spoke', 'ito' means 'with him', 'mishpatim' means 'judgments' or 'decisions'.
[JER.52.10] And the king of Babylon slaughtered the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and also slaughtered all the princes of Judah in Riblata. [§]
Vayishchat melech Babel et-benei Tzidkiyahu le'einav vegam et kol-sarei Yehudah shachat beRiblatah.
'Vayishchat' means 'and he slaughtered', 'melech' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'benei' means 'sons of', 'Tzidkiyahu' means 'Zedekiah', 'le'einav' means 'before his eyes', 'vegam' means 'and also', 'kol' means 'all', 'sarei' means 'princes of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'shachat' means 'he slaughtered', 'beRiblatah' means 'in Riblata'.
[JER.52.11] And the eyes of Zedekiah were blinded, and they bound him with fetters, and the king of Babylon brought him to Babylon, and he gave him over to the prison house until the day of his death. [§]
Ve'et-enei Tzidkiyahu iver vayasserahu banakhustayim vayevi'ehu melech-Bavel Bavelah vayittenhu bebeit-hapekudot ad-yom motoh.
'Ve'et' means 'and', 'enei' means 'the eyes of', 'Tzidkiyahu' means 'Zedekiah', 'iver' means 'blinded', 'vayasserahu' means 'and they bound him', 'banakhustayim' means 'with fetters', 'vayevi'ehu' means 'and they brought him', 'melech-Bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'Bavelah' means 'to Babylon', 'vayittenhu' means 'and he gave him over', 'bebeit-hapekudot' means 'to the prison house', 'ad-yom' means 'until the day', 'motoh' means 'of his death'.
[JER.52.12] And in the fifth month, in the month of Asor, it was the nineteenth year of the king Nebuchadnezzar, king of Babylon; the chief cook Nebuzaradan stood before the king of Babylon in Jerusalem. [§]
Uvachodesh hachamishi beasor lachodesh hi shenat tishaesreh shana lammelekha Nebuchadrezar melekh-Bavel ba Nevuzaradan rav-tavachim amad lifnei melekh-Bavel biYerushalayim.
'Uvachodesh' means 'in the month', 'hachamishi' means 'the fifth', 'beasor' means 'in Asor', 'lachodesh' means 'the month', 'hi' means 'it', 'shenat' means 'the year of', 'tishaesreh' means 'nineteen', 'shana' means 'year', 'lammelekha' means 'of the king', 'Nebuchadrezar' is the name of the king, 'melekh-Bavel' means 'king of Babylon', 'ba' means 'came', 'Nevuzaradan' is the name of the chief cook, 'rav-tavachim' means 'chief cook', 'amad' means 'stood', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'melekh-Bavel' again 'king of Babylon', 'biYerushalayim' means 'in Jerusalem'.
[JER.52.13] And he burned the house of Yahveh and the house of the king and all the houses of Jerusalem and the great house he burned with fire. [§]
Vayisrof et-bet-Yahveh ve-et-bet ha-melekh ve-et kol-batei Yerushalayim ve-et kol-bet ha-gadol saraf ba-esh.
'Vayisrof' means 'and he burned', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'bet' means 'house', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 've' means 'and', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'kol' means 'all', 'batei' means 'houses of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'ha-gadol' means 'the great', 'saraf' means 'he burned', 'ba-esh' means 'with fire'.
[JER.52.14] And all the walls of Jerusalem around were cut down; all the army of the leaders who (had) many cooks. [§]
Ve'et kol chomot Yerushalem saviv natzu kol cheil kashdim asher et rav tabachim.
'Ve'et' means 'and (the)', 'kol' means 'all', 'chomot' means 'walls', 'Yerushalem' means 'Jerusalem', 'saviv' means 'around', 'natzu' means 'were cut down' or 'fell', 'kol' means 'all', 'cheil' means 'army' or 'host', 'kashdim' means 'rulers' or 'leaders', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'rav' means 'many', 'tabachim' means 'cooks' or 'cooking staff'.
[JER.52.15] And from the little ones of the people and the rest of the people who remained in the city, and the fallen who fell to the king of Babylon, and also the rest of the faithful exiles, Nebuzaradan, chief of the cooks. [§]
U midallot ha'am ve'et yeter ha'am ha-nish'arim ba'ir ve'et ha-noflim asher naf'lu el melech Babel ve'et yeter ha'amen heglah Nebuzaradan rav-tabbachim.
'U' means 'and', 'midallot' means 'the small ones' (plural of a word for little ones), 'ha'am' means 'the people', 've'et' means 'and', 'yeter' means 'the rest', 'ha-nish'arim' means 'those who remain', 'ba'ir' means 'in the city', 'ha-noflim' means 'the fallen', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'naf'lu' means 'fell', 'el' means 'to', 'melech' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'ha'amen' means 'the faithful', 'heglah' means 'exile' or 'exiles', 'Nebuzaradan' is a proper name of the Babylonian officer, 'rav-tabbachim' means 'chief of the cooks'.
[JER.52.16] And from the lowly of the land left Nebuzaradan chief cooks for the vintners and the tanners. [§]
u-midallot ha-aretz hisheir Nebuzaradan rav-tabachim le-kormim u-le-yogevim.
'u' means 'and', 'midallot' means 'from the lowly ones' or 'from the wretched', 'ha-aretz' means 'the land', 'hisheir' means 'left' or 'caused to remain', 'Nebuzaradan' is a proper name of the Babylonian official, 'rav' means 'chief' or 'great', 'tabachim' means 'cooks', so 'rav-tabachim' means 'chief cooks' or 'great cooks', 'le-kormim' means 'to the vintners' (literally 'for the wine makers'), and 'u-le-yogevim' means 'and to the tanners'.
[JER.52.17] And the bronze pillars that were for the house of Yahveh, and the bronze measures, and the bronze Sea that were in the house of Yahveh, they broke completely and they carried all their bronze to Babylon. [§]
ve'et ammedi ha nechoshet asher le veit Yahveh ve'et ha mechonot ve'et yam ha nechoshet asher be veit Yahveh shiveru kashdim vayisu et kol nechustam Babelah.
've'et' means 'and (the)'. 'ammedi' means 'pillars'. 'ha nechoshet' means 'the bronze' (lit. 'of bronze'). 'asher' means 'that/which'. 'le veit Yahveh' means 'for the house of Yahveh' (YHVH rendered as Yahveh). 've'et' again means 'and (the)'. 'ha mechonot' means 'the measures' (a term for bronze vessels or measuring objects). 've'et' again means 'and (the)'. 'yam' means 'sea'. 'ha nechoshet' again 'of bronze' (the bronze Sea). 'asher' again 'that/which'. 'be veit Yahveh' means 'in the house of Yahveh'. 'shiveru' means 'they broke'. 'kashdim' is an idiom meaning 'completely' or 'as the Canaanites did' indicating total destruction. 'vayisu' means 'and they carried'. 'et kol nechustam' means 'all their bronze' (nechus = bronze). 'Babelah' means 'to Babylon' (the place of exile).
[JER.52.18] and the gates and the cages and the pipes and the jars and the cups and all the bronze vessels that were used in them they took. [§]
ve'et ha-sirot ve'et ha-ya'im ve'et ha-mazamrot ve'et ha-mizraqot ve'et ha-kappot ve'et kol kele ha-nochot asher yeshartu bahem lakachu.
've' means 'and', 'et' is the accusative particle, 'ha' means 'the', 'sirot' means 'gates', 'ya'im' means 'cages', 'mazamrot' means 'pipes', 'mizraqot' means 'jars', 'kappot' means 'cups', 'kol' means 'all', 'kele' means 'vessels', 'ha-nochot' means 'of bronze', 'asher' means 'that', 'yeshartu' means 'they served', 'bahem' means 'in them', 'lakachu' means 'they took'.
[JER.52.19] and the vessels, the bowls, the pitchers, the kettles, the lamps, the cups, the washbasins, which were gold, gold, and which were silver, silver, were taken by many craftsmen. [§]
ve'et ha-sippim ve'et ha-machot ve'et ha-mizraqot ve'et ha-sirot ve'et ha-menorot ve'et ha-kappot ve'et ha-menakiot asher zahav zahav va'asher kesef kesef lakach rav tabachim.
've'et' means 'and the', 'ha-sippim' means 'vessels', 'ha-machot' means 'bowls or cups', 'ha-mizraqot' means 'pitchers', 'ha-sirot' means 'kettles', 'ha-menorot' means 'lamps', 'ha-kappot' means 'cups', 'ha-menakiot' means 'washbasins', 'asher' means 'that', 'zahav' means 'gold', 'va'asher' means 'and that', 'kesef' means 'silver', 'lakach' means 'took' or 'took away', 'rav' means 'many', 'tabachim' means 'craftsmen or skilled workers'.
[JER.52.20] The two pillars, the single sea, and the twelve bronze oxen that were beneath the hinges, which King Solomon made for the house of Yahveh, had no weight for their bronze; all these vessels. [§]
haamudim shenayim hayam echad vehabakar sheneyim-asar nechoshet asher-tachat hamechonot asher asah hamelech shelomo leveit Yahveh lo-hayah mishqal linchoshetam kol-hakelim haeleh.
'haamudim' means 'the pillars', 'shenayim' means 'two', 'hayam' means 'the sea', 'echad' means 'one', 'vehabakar' means 'and the oxen', 'sheneyim-asar' means 'twelve', 'nechoshet' means 'bronze', 'asher-tachat' means 'that are under', 'hamechonot' means 'the hinges', 'asher' means 'which', 'asah' means 'made', 'hamelech' means 'the king', 'shelomo' means 'Solomon', 'leveit' means 'for the house of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'lo-hayah' means 'there was not', 'mishqal' means 'a weight or scale', 'linchoshetam' means 'for their bronze', 'kol-hakelim' means 'all the vessels', 'haeleh' means 'these'.
[JER.52.21] And the pillars, eighteen cubits high, the first pillar standing, and its width twelve cubits, it is set, and its length four faces hollow. [§]
veha'amudim shmenah esreh amah kumah ha'amud ha'echad vechut shtei-esreh amah yisubennu ve'avyo arba atzba'ot navuv
'veha'amudim' means 'and the pillars', 'shmenah esreh' means 'eighteen', 'amah' means 'cubit', 'kumah' means 'standing' or 'high', 'ha'amud ha'echad' means 'the first pillar', 'vechut' means 'and its width', 'shtei-esreh' means 'twelve', 'amah' again 'cubit', 'yisubennu' means 'it is set', 've'avyo' means 'and its length', 'arba' means 'four', 'atzba'ot' means 'faces' or 'sides', 'navuv' means 'hollow' or 'empty'.
[JER.52.22] And a bronze plate on it, and the other plate was five cubits, and a net and pomegranates around the plate; all (the work) was bronze, and these for the second column and pomegranates. [§]
vechoteret alav nechoshet, ve'komat hakoteret ha'ahat chamesh amot, u'sevacha ve'rimmonim al-hakoteret saviv, hakol nechoshet, ve'ka'eleh la'amud hasheni ve'rimmonim.
'vechoteret' means 'and a plate', 'alav' means 'upon it', 'nechoshet' means 'bronze' (or copper), 've'komat' means 'and the side of', 'hakoteret' means 'the plate', 'ha'ahat' means 'the other', 'chamesh' means 'five', 'amot' means 'cubits', 'u'sevacha' means 'and a net', 've'rimmonim' means 'and pomegranates', 'al-hakoteret' means 'on the plate', 'saviv' means 'all around', 'hakol' means 'all', 've'ka'eleh' means 'and these', 'la'amud' means 'for the column', 'hasheni' means 'the second', 've'rimmonim' repeats 'and pomegranates'.
[JER.52.23] And the pomegranates were sixty‑six winds; all the pomegranates one hundred on the net, around. [§]
Vayyihu ha-rimmonim tish'im ve-shisha ruach kol-ha-rimmonim me-a al ha-svekhah saviv.
'Vayyihu' means 'and they were' or 'and it became'. 'Ha-rimmonim' means 'the pomegranates'. 'Tish'im ve-shisha' means 'sixty and six' (66). 'Ruach' means 'wind' or 'spirit'. 'Kol-ha-rimmonim' means 'all the pomegranates'. 'Me-a' (or 'me'ah') means 'one hundred'. 'Al' means 'upon' or 'on'. 'Ha-svekhah' means 'the net' or 'the mesh'. 'Saviv' means 'around' or 'about'.
[JER.52.24] And he took Rav-tabachim, Seriyah the chief priest, and Tzefanyah the second priest, and the three guards of the threshold. [§]
Vayikach rav-tabachim et-Seriyah kohen ha-rosh ve-et-Tzefanyah kohen ha-mishneh ve-et-shloshet shomrei ha-saf.
'Vayikach' means 'and he took'; 'rav-tabachim' is a proper name meaning 'great cooks' but here treated as a name; 'et' is the direct object marker; 'Seriyah' is a personal name; 'kohen ha-rosh' means 'the chief priest'; 've-et' means 'and (the)'; 'Tzefanyah' is a personal name; 'kohen ha-mishneh' means 'the second priest'; 've-et' again means 'and (the)'; 'shloshet' means 'three'; 'shomrei' means 'guards' (plural construct); 'ha-saf' means 'the threshold' or 'the gate'.
[JER.52.25] And from the city he took a servant, one who was in charge over the men of war, and seven men who looked at the face of the king who were found in the city, and also the scribe, chief of the army that organized the people of the land, and sixty men of the people of the land who were found within the city. [§]
u-min ha'ir laqach saris echad asher haya pakid al anshei ha-milchamah ve-shiva anashim meroei pnei ha-melekh asher nimtzeu ba'ir ve-et sofer sar ha-tzavah ha-matzvi et am ha-aretz ve-shishim ish me am ha-aretz ha-nimtze'im be-tokh ha'ir
'u-min' means 'and from', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'laqach' means 'took', 'saris' means 'a servant', 'echad' means 'one', 'asher' means 'who', 'haya' means 'was', 'pakid' means 'in charge', 'al' means 'over', 'anshei' means 'the men of', 'ha-milchamah' means 'the war', 've-shiva' means 'and seven', 'anashim' means 'men', 'meroei' means 'who looked at', 'pnei' means 'the face of', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'asher' again 'who', 'nimtzeu' means 'were found', 'ba'ir' means 'in the city', 've-et' means 'and', 'sofer' means 'scribe', 'sar' means 'prince' or 'chief', 'ha-tzavah' means 'the army', 'ha-matzvi' means 'the organizer', 'et am' means 'of the people', 'ha-aretz' means 'the land', 've-shishim' means 'and sixty', 'ish' means 'men', 'me am' means 'of the people', 'ha-aretz' again 'the land', 'ha-nimtze'im' means 'who were found', 'be-tokh' means 'within', 'ha'ir' means 'the city'.
[JER.52.26] And Nebuzaradan, chief of the cooks, took them and led them to the king of Babylon at Riblah. [§]
Vayikach otam Nebuzaradan rav tavachim vayolekh otam el-melekh Bavel riblah.
'Vayikach' means 'and he took', 'otam' means 'them', 'Nebuzaradan' is the proper name of the captain of the guard, 'rav' means 'chief' or 'great', 'tavachim' means 'cooks', 'vayolekh' means 'and he led' or 'went', 'el' means 'to' or 'toward', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', and 'riblah' is the name of a place (Riblah).
[JER.52.27] And the king of Babylon struck them and killed them in a flood in the land of Hamath, and Judah fled from his own land. [§]
vayakeh otam melek Babel vayemithem berivla beEretz Khamat vayigel Yehudah me'al admatoh.
'vayakeh' means 'and he struck', 'otam' means 'them', 'melek' means 'king', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'vayemithem' means 'and he killed them', 'berivla' means 'in a flood', 'beEretz' means 'in the land', 'Khamat' means 'of Hamath', 'vayigel' means 'and fled' or 'was removed', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'me'al' means 'from', 'admatoh' means 'his land'.
[JER.52.28] This is the people whom Nebuchadnezzar exiled in the seventh year, Jews three thousand twenty-three. [§]
ze ha'am asher heglah Nebuchadreza be-shnat sheva Yehudim sheloshet alafim ve-eshrim u-shelosha.
'ze' means 'this', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'heglah' means 'exiled' or 'carried away', 'Nebuchadreza' is the name Nebuchadnezzar, 'be-shnat' means 'in the year of', 'sheva' means 'seven', 'Yehudim' means 'Jews', 'sheloshet alafim' means 'three thousand', 've-eshrim' means 'and twenty', 'u-shelosha' means 'and three', together 've-eshrim u-shelosha' means 'twenty-three'.
[JER.52.29] In the eighteenth year of Nebuchadnezzar, from Jerusalem, a soul eight hundred thirty-two. [§]
Bishnat shmonah esreh leNebuchadrezar miYerushalayim nefesh shmonah me'ot shloshim ushnaim.
'Bishnat' means 'in the year', 'shmonah' means 'eight', 'esreh' means 'ten' (together 'eighteen'), 'leNebuchadrezar' means 'of Nebuchadnezzar', 'miYerushalayim' means 'from Jerusalem', 'nefesh' means 'a person' or 'a soul', 'shmonah' again means 'eight', 'me'ot' means 'hundred', 'shloshim' means 'thirty', 'ushnaim' means 'and two'.
[JER.52.30] In the twenty‑three year of Nebuchadnezzar, Nebuzaradan, chief of the cooks, was exiled; the Jews, seven hundred and forty‑five persons; all persons four thousand six hundred. [§]
Bishnat shalosh ve'esrim leNebuchadrezar heglah Nebuzaradan rav-tabachim Yehudim nefesh sheva meot arbaim vahamisha kolnefesh arbat alafim vesesh meot.
'Bishnat' means 'in the year of', 'shalosh ve'esrim' means 'twenty-three' (three and twenty), 'leNebuchadrezar' means 'of Nebuchadnezzar', 'heglah' means 'exiled' or 'carried away', 'Nebuzaradan' is a proper name, 'rav-tabachim' means 'chief of the cooks', 'Yehudim' means 'the Jews', 'nefesh' means 'person' or 'soul', 'sheva meot' means 'seven hundred', 'arbaim vahamisha' means 'forty and five' (forty plus five), 'kolnefesh' means 'all persons', 'arbat alafim' means 'four thousand', and 'vesesh meot' means 'six hundred'.
[JER.52.31] And it happened in the thirty‑seventh year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the fifth day of the month, a foolish rebel, the king of Babylon, in the year of his reign, took the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah and carried it out of the house of the potter. [§]
Vayehi bishloshim veshava shanah legalut Yehoyakkin melekh Yehudah, bishnei asar chodesh, be'esrim v'hamisha lachodesh, nasa evil merodach melekh Babel bishnat malkuto et-rosh Yehoyakkin melekh Yehudah vayotse oto mibeit hakaliyah.
'Vayehi' means 'and it happened'; 'bishloshim veshava shanah' means 'in the thirty and seventh year'; 'legalut' means 'of the captivity'; 'Yehoyakkin' is the personal name Jehoiachin; 'melekh Yehudah' means 'king of Judah'; 'bishnei asar chodesh' means 'in the twelfth month'; 'be'esrim v'hamisha lachodesh' means 'on the fifth day of the month'; 'nasa' means 'took' or 'carried'; 'evil' means 'a fool' or 'a foolish one'; 'merodach' means 'rebel' or 'insurgent'; 'melekh Babel' means 'king of Babylon'; 'bishnat malkuto' means 'in the year of his reign'; 'et-rosh' means 'the head of'; 'vayotse' means 'and he brought out'; 'oto' means 'him' referring to the king of Judah; 'mibeit hakaliyah' means 'out of the house of the potter'.
[JER.52.32] And he spoke to Tob, and he gave his throne from above to the throne of the kings who were with him in Babylon. [§]
Vayedabber ito Tovot vayyiten et-kisso mimm'al lekise melachim asher ito beBavel.
'Vayedabber' means 'and he spoke', 'ito' means 'to him', 'Tovot' is the place name 'Tob', 'vayyiten' means 'and he gave', 'et' is a grammatical marker with no English equivalent, 'kisso' means 'his throne', 'mimm'al' means 'from above', 'lekise' means 'to the throne', 'melachim' means 'kings', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'ito' again means 'with him', and 'beBavel' means 'in Babylon'.
[JER.52.33] And a tooth the garments of his covering and he ate bread before him always all the days of his life. [§]
ve-shinah et bigdei kiloo ve-achal lechem lefanav tamid kol-yemei chayav.
've' means 'and', 'shinah' means 'tooth', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'bigdei' means 'the garments of', 'kiloo' (from the root *k-l-') likely means 'his clothing' or 'his covering', 've-achal' means 'and (he) ate', 'lechem' means 'bread', 'lefanav' means 'before him', 'tamid' means 'always', 'kol-yemei' means 'all the days of', 'chayav' means 'his life'.
[JER.52.34] And his meal, a continual meal, was given to him from the king of Babylon day by day until the day of his death, all the days of his life. [§]
Va'aruchato aruchat tamid nittenah lo me'et melech Bavel d'var yom beyomo ad yom moto kol yemei chayav.
'Va'aruchato' means 'and his meal', 'aruchat' means 'meal', 'tamid' means 'continual', 'nittenah' means 'was given', 'lo' means 'to him', 'me\'et' means 'from', 'melech' means 'king', 'Bavel' means 'Babylon', 'd'var' means 'matter' or 'word', 'yom' means 'day', 'beyomo' means 'in his day', 'ad' means 'until', 'yom' means 'day', 'moto' means 'his death', 'kol' means 'all', 'yemei' means 'days of', 'chayav' means 'his life'.