ISA (Isaiah)
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ISA.1
[ISA.1.1] The vision of Isaiah son of Amoz that he saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah, kings of Judah. [§]
Chazon Yeshayahu ben-Amoz asher chaza al-Yehudah vi-Yerushalayim bi-yeme Uzziyah Yotham Achaz Yechezkiyah malchei Yehudah.
'Chazon' means 'vision', 'Yeshayahu' is the name Isaiah, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Amoz' is a proper name, 'asher' means 'that', 'chaza' means 'saw', 'al' means 'concerning', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'vi' means 'and', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'bi-yeme' means 'in the days of', 'Uzziyah' is the name Uzziah, 'Yotham' is the name Jotham, 'Achaz' is the name Ahaz, 'Yechezkiyah' is the name Hezekiah, 'malchei' means 'kings of', 'Yehudah' again means 'Judah'.
[ISA.1.2] Hear, heavens, and listen, earth, because Yahveh has spoken: I have raised children and exalted them, and they have rebelled against me. [§]
Sheimu shamayim veha'azini eretz ki Yahveh dibur banim giddalti ve'romamti vehem paschu bi.
'Sheimu' means 'Hear', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 'veha'azini' means 'and listen', 'eretz' means 'earth', 'ki' means 'because', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH meaning the divine name, 'dibur' means 'has spoken', 'banim' means 'sons' or 'children', 'giddalti' means 'I have increased' or 'I have raised', 've'romamti' means 'and I have exalted', 'vehem' means 'and they', 'pashu' means 'have sinned' or 'have rebelled', 'bi' means 'against me'.
[ISA.1.3] The ox knew its owner, and the donkey its master; Israel did not know, my people did not understand. [§]
Yada shor konehu vachamor evus be'alav Yisrael lo yada ammi lo hitbonan.
'Yada' means 'knew', 'shor' means 'ox', 'konehu' means 'its owner', 'vachamor' means 'and donkey', 'evus' means 'its master' (literally 'its burden' but here understood as owner), 'be'alav' means 'in its owner', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'lo' means 'not', the second 'yada' repeats 'knew', 'ammi' means 'my people', the final 'lo' again means 'not', and 'hitbonan' means 'understood' or 'discerned'.
[ISA.1.4] Woe, sinful nation, heavy people, guilt, seed of evildoers, children destroying, they have forsaken Yahveh, they have despised the holy of Israel, they have turned away. [§]
Hoi goy choteh am keved avon zera meraim banim mashchitim azvu et Yahveh neatsu et kodesh Yisrael nazoru achor.
'Hoi' means 'Woe'. 'goy' means 'nation'. 'choteh' means 'sinful' (from the root sin). 'am' means 'people'. 'keved' means 'heavy' or 'burdensome'. 'avon' means 'guilt' or 'transgression'. 'zera' means 'seed'. 'meraim' means 'evildoers' or 'wicked ones'. 'banim' means 'children' or 'sons'. 'mashchitim' means 'destroyers' or 'ruiners'. 'azvu' means 'they have forsaken'. 'et' is the direct‑object marker (not translated). 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH. 'neatsu' means 'they have despised' or 'scorned'. 'kodesh' means 'holy'. 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'. 'nazoru' means 'they have turned away' or 'become backward'. 'achor' means 'behind' or 'afterward', here rendered as 'they have turned away'.
[ISA.1.5] Why do you strike again, adding confusion; every head is wounded and every heart is broken. [§]
al mah tuku od tosifu sarah kol-rosh lachli ve kol-levav davvai.
'al' means 'upon' or 'for', 'mah' means 'what', 'tuku' is the plural verb 'you (plural) strike' or 'you are struck', 'od' means 'again' or 'still', 'tosifu' means 'you add' or 'you increase', 'sarah' means 'confusion' or 'wandering', 'kol-rosh' means 'every head', 'lachli' means 'is sick' or 'is wounded', 've' means 'and', 'kol-levav' means 'every heart', 'davvai' means 'is broken' or 'is bruised'.
[ISA.1.6] From the sole of the foot to the head there is not in it a complete split, a joining, or a blow of trouble; they have not been torn, not bruised, and not rubbed with oil. [§]
Mi-kaf regel ve-ad rosh ein bo metom petza ve-chaburah u-makha tryah lo-zoru ve-lo chubashu ve-lo rukka ba-shemen.
'Mi' means 'from', 'kaf' means 'palm' or 'sole', 'regel' means 'foot', 've-ad' means 'and up to', 'rosh' means 'head', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'bo' means 'in it', 'metom' means 'complete' or 'whole', 'petza' means 'a split' or 'cut', 've-chaburah' means 'and a joining', 'u-makha' means 'and a blow', 'tryah' means 'of trouble' (derived from 'triyah' meaning distress), 'lo' means 'not', 'zoru' means 'they have torn', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'chubashu' means 'they have bruised', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'rukka' means 'they have rubbed', 'ba-shemen' means 'with oil'.
[ISA.1.7] Your land is desolation, your cities are burned with fire, your ground before you is devoured by strangers who eat it, and desolation lies as the overturning of strangers. [§]
Artzechem shomemah areichem serupot esh admatchem lenegdechem zarim okhlim otah veshomemah kemahpekat zarim.
'Artzechem' means 'your land', 'shomemah' means 'desolation', 'areichem' means 'your cities', 'serupot' means 'burned', 'esh' means 'fire', 'admatchem' means 'your ground', 'lenegdechem' means 'before you', 'zarim' means 'strangers' or 'foreigners', 'okhlim' means 'eating' or 'devouring', 'otah' means 'it', 'veshomemah' means 'and desolation', 'kemahpekat' means 'like an overturning' or 'as a turning over', 'zarim' again means 'strangers'.
[ISA.1.8] And the daughter of Zion shall be like a booth in a vineyard, like a palm in a grove, like a fortified city. [§]
Ve-notrah bat-Tzion ke-sukkah be-karem ki-melunah be-mikshah ke-ir netsurah.
'Ve' means 'and', 'notrah' means 'remains' (feminine), 'bat' means 'daughter', 'Tzion' means 'Zion', 'ke' is a comparative prefix meaning 'like' or 'as', 'sukkah' means 'booth' or 'hut', 'be' is a preposition meaning 'in', 'karem' means 'vineyard', 'ki' is another comparative prefix meaning 'like', 'melunah' (from 'melon') means 'palm tree', 'mikshah' means 'grove' or 'orchard', 'ke-ir' means 'like a city', 'netsurah' means 'walled' or 'fortified'.
[ISA.1.9] If not Yahveh of hosts would leave us a remnant as little as Kisdom, we were to Amora our blood. [§]
Lulei Yahveh Tzevaot hotir lanu sarid kim'at Kisdom hayinu laamora daminu.
'Lulei' means 'if not', 'Yahveh' means the divine name YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'hotir' means 'would leave', 'lanu' means 'to us', 'sarid' means 'remnant' or 'a leftover', 'kim\'at' means 'as little as', 'Kisdom' is a proper name likely referring to 'Sodom', 'hayinu' means 'we were', 'laamora' means 'to Amora' (a place or people), 'daminu' means 'our blood'.
[ISA.1.10] Hear the word Yahveh, officials of Sodom! Listen to the law of our the Gods, people of Amorah. [§]
Shim'u dvar Yahveh ketzinei Sedom ha'azinu torat Eloheinu am Amorah.
'Shim'u' means 'Hear!', 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ketzinei' means 'officials' or 'chiefs', 'Sedom' is the city name Sodom, 'ha'azinu' means 'listen', 'torat' means 'law of', 'Eloheinu' means 'our the Gods' (literal rendering of Elohim as 'the Gods' with the possessive), 'am' means 'people', 'Amorah' is the city name Amorah.
[ISA.1.11] Why the multitude of your sacrifices to me, says Yahveh? I am satisfied with the burnt offerings of bulls and rich fat and the blood of cattle, lambs, and kids; I do not desire them. [§]
Lama-li rov-zivcheichem yomar Yahveh savati olot eileim vechelev meriyim ve dam parim u'kvasim ve'atudim lo chafatzti.
'Lama' means 'why', 'li' means 'to me', 'rov' means 'many' or 'multitude', 'zivcheichem' means 'your sacrifices', 'yomar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of the LORD, 'savati' means 'I am satisfied' or 'I have had my fill', 'olot' means 'burnt offerings', 'eileim' means 'bulls', 'vechelev' means 'and fat', 'meriyim' means 'rich' (as an adjective describing the fat), 've dam' means 'and blood', 'parim' means 'cattle' or 'bulls', 'u'kvasim' means 'and lambs', 've'atudim' means 'and kids (young goats)', 'lo' means 'not', 'chafatzti' means 'I desire' or 'I want'.
[ISA.1.12] For you will come to see my face, whoever seeks this from your hands will trample my courtyard. [§]
ki tavo'u le'ra'ot pani mi-bikesh zot miyedkhem remos chatse'rai.
'ki' means 'for', 'tavo\'u' means 'you will come', 'le\'ra\'ot' means 'to see', 'pani' means 'my face', 'mi' means 'who', 'bikesh' means 'seeks', 'zot' means 'this', 'miyedkhem' means 'from your hands', 'remos' means 'will trample', 'chatse\'rai' means 'my courtyard'.
[ISA.1.13] Do not add, bring a vain offering, a burnt offering of abomination; it is for me the month and the Sabbath, call it a summons; I cannot endure sin and restriction. [§]
Lo toseefu habeia minchat shav ketoret toevah hi li chodesh veShabbat kero mikra lo-ukhal aven veatzara.
'Lo' means 'not'; 'toseefu' means 'you shall add' (imperative plural); 'habeia' means 'bring' (imperative); 'minchat' means 'offering'; 'shav' means 'vain' or 'empty'; 'ketoret' means 'burnt offering'; 'toevah' means 'abomination'; 'hi' means 'it'; 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me'; 'chodesh' means 'month'; 'veShabbat' means 'and Sabbath'; 'kero' means 'call' (imperative); 'mikra' means 'a summons' or 'calling'; 'lo-ukhal' means 'I cannot endure' or 'I cannot bear'; 'aven' means 'sin' or 'iniquity'; 'veatzara' means 'and restraint' or 'restriction'.
[ISA.1.14] My soul hates your months and your appointed times; they were upon me to cause ruin; I have become weary of bearing them. [§]
chadsheichem umoadeichem saneah nafshi hayu alai latorach nileti nesho.
'chadsheichem' means 'your months', 'umoadeichem' means 'your appointed times', 'saneah' means 'hate', 'nafshi' means 'my soul', 'hayu' means 'were', 'alai' means 'upon me', 'latorach' means 'to cause ruin or waste', 'nileti' means 'I became weary', 'nesho' means 'to bear or carry'.
[ISA.1.15] And when you spread your hands, I lift my eyes from you also, because you increase prayer I am not hearing; your hands are filled with blood. [§]
Uvepariskhem kappeikhem a'alim einai mikem gam ki tarvu tefilah eineni shomea ydeikhem damim maleu.
'Uvepariskhem' means 'and when you spread', 'kappeikhem' means 'your hands', 'a'alim' means 'I lift', 'einai' means 'my eyes', 'mikem' means 'from you', 'gam' means 'also', 'ki' means 'because', 'tarvu' means 'you increase/multiply', 'tefilah' means 'prayer', 'eineni' means 'I am not', 'shomea' means 'listening/hearing', 'ydeikhem' means 'your hands', 'damim' means 'blood', 'maleu' means 'are filled'.
[ISA.1.16] Wash, purify, remove the evil of your wickedness before my eyes; cease the evil. [§]
Rachatsu hizakku hasiru ro'a ma'alleykhem minneged einai chidlu hare'a.
'Rachatsu' means 'wash' (imperative plural), 'hizakku' means 'purify' (imperative plural), 'hasiru' means 'remove' (imperative plural), 'ro'a' means 'evil', 'ma'alleykhem' means 'your misdeeds' or 'your wickedness', 'minneged' means 'before' or 'in front of', 'einai' means 'my eyes', 'chidlu' means 'cease' (imperative plural), 'hare'a' means 'the evil'.
[ISA.1.17] Learn well, seek justice, bless the humble, judge the orphan, contend with the widow. [§]
limdu heitav dirshu mishpat ashru chamosh shiptu yatom rivvu almanah.
'limdu' means 'learn (plural imperative)', 'heitav' means 'well' or 'good', 'dirshu' means 'seek' (imperative), 'mishpat' means 'justice' or 'law', 'ashru' means 'bless' (imperative), 'chamosh' means 'the humble' or 'the meek', 'shiptu' means 'judge' (imperative), 'yatom' means 'the orphan', 'rivvu' means 'argue' or 'contend with' (imperative), 'almanah' means 'the widow'.
[ISA.1.18] Go, please, and we shall be forgotten, says Yahveh: if your sins are like years, like snow they shall melt; if they become red like a beet, like crimson they shall be. [§]
Lechu na ve-nivachah yomar Yahveh im yihyu chataekhem kashanim kasheleg yalbinu im yaadimu kattol katsamer yihyu.
'Lechu' means 'go', 'na' is a particle meaning 'please', 've' means 'and', 'nivachah' means 'we shall be forgotten', 'yomar' means 'he says', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'im' means 'if', 'yihyu' means 'they will be', 'chataekhem' means 'your sins', 'kashanim' means 'like years', 'kasheleg' means 'like snow', 'yalbinu' means 'they will melt', 'yaadimu' means 'they will become red', 'kattol' means 'like a beet', 'katzamer' means 'like crimson'.
[ISA.1.19] If you become weary and you hear the good of the land, you shall eat. [§]
Im tovu ushmatei tov haaretz tokealu.
'Im' means 'if', 'tovu' means 'you become weary' or 'you tire', 'u' is the conjunction 'and', 'shmatei' means 'you hear' (from the root shama), 'tov' means 'good', 'haaretz' means 'the land', 'tokealu' means 'you shall eat' (future plural).
[ISA.1.20] And if you are obstinate and you murder, the sword will devour you, for the mouth of Yahveh has spoken. [§]
ve'im temaanu umeritem cherav teuklu ki pi Yahveh diber.
've'im' means 'and if', 'temaanu' means 'you are stubborn/obstinate', 'umeritem' means 'you kill/murder', 'cherav' means 'sword', 'teuklu' means 'will devour you', 'ki' means 'for', 'pi' means 'the mouth of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'diber' means 'has spoken'.
[ISA.1.21] How was a faithful city turned into a whore; full of judgment, righteousness shall fall in her, and now they are killing. [§]
Eichah haytah lezonah qiryah ne'eman meleati mishpat tzedek yalin bah ve'atta meratz'chims.
'Eichah' means 'how', 'haytah' means 'was', 'lezonah' means 'to a whore', 'qiryah' means 'city', 'ne'eman' means 'faithful', 'meleati' means 'full of', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'tzedek' means 'righteousness', 'yalin' means 'shall fall', 'bah' means 'in her', 've'atta' means 'and now', 'meratz'chims' means 'they kill' or 'they are killing'.
[ISA.1.22] Your silver was for nets, your enclosure was turned in the waters. [§]
kaspekh hayah le-sigim sav'eik mahol bamayim.
'kaspekh' means 'your silver', 'hayah' means 'was' or 'became', 'le-sigim' means 'for nets' (plural), 'sav'eik' is a form of the root s-b-a meaning 'your enclosure' or 'your surrounding', 'mahol' means 'rolled' or 'was turned', and 'bamayim' means 'in the waters'. The phrase likens the wealth (silver) to something fashioned for fishing nets that ends up being turned or lost in the water.
[ISA.1.23] Princes rebellious and companions of thieves, all loving wickedness and pursuer of the peaceful, orphans will not judge, and conflict widow will not come to them. [§]
sarayich sorerim vechavrei gannabim kullo ohev shochad verodef shalmonim yatom lo yishpotu veriv almanah lo-yavo alehem.
'sarayich' means 'princes', 'sorerim' means 'rebellious', 'vechavrei' means 'and companions', 'gannabim' means 'of thieves', 'kullo' means 'all', 'ohev' means 'loving', 'shochad' means 'wickedness' or 'deceit', 'verodef' means 'and pursuer', 'shalmonim' means 'the peaceful' (or a proper name), 'yatom' means 'orphan', 'lo' means 'not', 'yishpotu' means 'they will judge', 'veriv' means 'and conflict', 'almanah' means 'widow', 'lo-yavo' means 'will not come', 'alehem' means 'to them'.
[ISA.1.24] Therefore says the Lord Yahveh of hosts, the hero of Israel, behold I will be comforted from my distress and I will avenge my enemies. [§]
Lachen neum haadon Yahveh Tzevaot avir Yisrael hoy enachem mitzari ve'inakmah meoyvai.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'neum' means 'says', 'haadon' means 'the Lord', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' or 'armies', 'avir' means 'hero' or 'mighty one', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'hoy' means 'behold' (an exclamation drawing attention), 'enachem' means 'I will be comforted' or 'I will find relief', 'mitzari' means 'from my distress' (from my trouble), 've'inakmah' means 'and I will take vengeance' (I will avenge), 'meoyvai' means 'against my enemies'.
[ISA.1.25] And I will set my hand upon you, and I will burn your braids like a flame, and I will bind all your delights. [§]
Ve'ashiva yadi alayich ve'etzrof kaber sigayich ve'asirah kol-bedilayich.
'Ve' means 'and', 'ashiva' is the first‑person future of the verb meaning 'I will turn' or 'set', 'yadi' means 'my hand', 'alayich' means 'upon you' (feminine), 've' again means 'and', 'etzrof' is the future of 'to burn', 'kaber' (from the root ba'ar) conveys 'like a fire' or 'as a blaze', 'sigayich' means 'your braids' or 'your tresses', 've' means 'and', 'asirah' is the future of 'to bind' or 'to hold back', 'kol' means 'all', and 'bedilayich' (from din) denotes 'your delights' or 'your pleasures'.
[ISA.1.26] And I will turn your judges back as before, and your counselors as at the beginning; thereafter the city of righteousness shall be called for you, a faithful town. [§]
veashiva shoftayich kevarashona veoyatzayich kevatchila acharai-ken yikkarei lakh ir ha tzedek kirea neemanah.
'veashiva' means 'and I will turn/return', 'shoftayich' means 'your judges', 'kevarashona' means 'as before/earlier', 'veoyatzayich' means 'and your counselors', 'kevatchila' means 'as at the beginning', 'acharai-ken' means 'after this' or 'then', 'yikkarei' means 'shall be called', 'lakh' means 'to you' or 'for you', 'ir' means 'city', 'ha tzedek' means 'the righteousness' or 'the just', 'kirea' means 'town' or 'settlement', 'neemanah' means 'faithful' or 'loyal'.
[ISA.1.27] Zion will be redeemed by judgment, and its offspring by righteousness. [§]
Tzion be-mishpat tipadeh ve-shaveha bi-tzedakah.
'Tzion' means 'Zion', a proper name for Jerusalem. 'be-mishpat' is the preposition 'by' or 'in' plus 'mishpat' meaning 'judgment' or 'justice'. 'tipadeh' is the verb from the root 'padah' meaning 'to redeem', third‑person feminine singular imperfect, here understood as 'will be redeemed' referring to Zion. 've-shaveha' is 'and' plus a noun derived from the root 'shuv' meaning 'return' or 'offspring', with the suffix '-ha' meaning 'her', so it conveys 'her offspring' or 'her return'. 'bi-tzedakah' is the preposition 'by' plus 'tzedakah' meaning 'righteousness' or 'justice'.
[ISA.1.28] And the breaking of transgressors and sinners together, and those who forsake Yahveh will be destroyed. [§]
ve-shever poshim ve-chataim yachdav ve-ozvei Yahveh yiklu.
've' means 'and', 'shever' means 'breaking' or 'destruction', 'poshim' means 'transgressors' or 'wicked', 've' again means 'and', 'chataim' means 'sinners', 'yachdav' means 'together', 've' means 'and', 'ozvei' means 'those who abandon/forsake', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, and 'yiklu' means 'will be consumed' or 'will be destroyed'.
[ISA.1.29] For they shall be ashamed of the riches which you coveted and you shall pluck from the gardens which you have chosen. [§]
ki yevoshu me'elim asher chamadtem ve-tachperu me-hagnnot asher be-charitem.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'yevoshu' means 'they shall be ashamed', 'me'elim' means 'of the riches' (literally 'from the wealth'), 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'chamadtem' means 'you coveted' (plural you), 've-tachperu' means 'and you shall pluck' (plural you), 'me-hagnnot' means 'from the gardens', 'be-charitem' means 'that you have chosen'.
[ISA.1.30] For you shall be like a doe leaping over it, and like a garden that has no water. [§]
ki tihyu ke'elah no'velet aleha u'k'ganah asher mayim ein lah.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'tihyu' means 'you will be' (second plural future of 'to be'), 'ke'elah' means 'like a doe' (female deer), 'no'velet' is a verb form meaning 'leaping' or 'springing', 'aleha' means 'upon it' or 'over it', 'u'k'ganah' means 'and like a garden', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'mayim' means 'water', 'ein' means 'there is not' or 'no', 'lah' means 'to it' (feminine).
[ISA.1.31] And it shall be the hardness for a virgin and his work for a thief, and they shall burn both together, and there is no extinguisher. [§]
vehayah hechason lina'oret ufo'alo lenitztz uvaru shnehem yachdav vee'in mekabeh.
"vehayah" means "and it shall be", "hechason" means "the hardness/strength", "lina'oret" means "for a young woman/virgin", "ufo'alo" means "and his work/action", "lenitztz" means "for a thief", "uvaru" means "and they shall burn", "shnehem" means "both of them", "yachdav" means "together", "veein" means "and there is no", "mekabeh" means "extinguisher or one who puts out fire".
ISA.2
[ISA.2.1] The word which Isaiah son of Amoz saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem. [§]
Ha-davar asher chazah Yeshayahu ben Amotz al Yehudah veYerushalayim.
'Ha-davar' means 'the word' or 'the matter', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'chazah' means 'saw' or 'visioned', 'Yeshayahu' is the personal name Isaiah, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Amotz' is the personal name Amoz, 'al' means 'concerning' or 'about', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 've' means 'and', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem'.
[ISA.2.2] And it shall be in the last days that the mountain of the house of Yahveh shall be established on the top of the mountains, and shall be raised from the heights, and shall flow to it all the nations. [§]
vehayah be'acharit hayamim nachon yihyeh har beit-yahveh be'rosh haharim ve'nisa migvavot ve'naharoo elav kol-hagoyim.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'be'acharit' means 'in the end/last', 'hayamim' means 'of the days', 'nachon' means 'established/firm', 'yihyeh' means 'shall be', 'har' means 'the mountain', 'beit-yahveh' means 'the house of Yahveh', 'be'rosh' means 'on the head/top', 'haharim' means 'of the mountains', 've'nisa' means 'and shall be raised', 'migvavot' means 'from the heights', 've'naharoo' means 'and shall flow', 'elav' means 'to it', 'kol-hagoyim' means 'all the nations'.
[ISA.2.3] And many peoples went and said, Come, let us go up to the mountain of Yahveh, to the house of the God of Jacob, and He will show us his ways, and we will walk in his paths, because from Zion will go forth the law and the word of Yahveh from Jerusalem. [§]
Vehalchu amim rabim ve'amru lechu ve-na'aleh el-har Yahveh el-beit elohai Ya'akov ve-yorenhu midrakhav ve-nelechah be-orchotav ki mitzziyon tetze torah u-dvar Yahveh mi-Urushalayim.
'Ve' means 'and', 'halchu' means 'they went', 'amim' means 'peoples', 'rabim' means 'many', 've'amru' means 'and they said', 'lechu' means 'come', 've-na'aleh' means 'let us go up', 'el-har' means 'to the mountain', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, 'el-beit' means 'to the house of', 'elohai' is the construct form of Elohim meaning 'the God of', 'Ya'akov' means 'Jacob', 've-yorenhu' means 'and He will show us', 'midrakhav' means 'his ways', 've-nelechah' means 'and we will walk', 'be-orchotav' means 'in his paths', 'ki' means 'because', 'mitzziyon' means 'from Zion', 'tetze' means 'will go out', 'torah' means 'law', 'u-dvar' means 'and the word', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'mi-Urushalayim' means 'from Jerusalem'.
[ISA.2.4] And judge between the nations, and prove to many peoples, and cut their swords for enemies, and their daggers for the armory; no nation shall lift a sword against another nation, nor shall they learn war any more. [§]
ve'shapat bein ha-goyim ve'hokhiach le'amim rabbim ve'kittu charvotam le'itim vachanito'tehem lemazmerot lo-yissa goy el-goy cherav ve'lo-yilmdu od milchamah
've' means 'and', 'shapat' means 'judge', 'bein' means 'between', 'ha-goyim' means 'the nations', 've' (again) means 'and', 'hokhiach' means 'prove' or 'show', 'le'amim' means 'to peoples', 'rabbim' means 'many', 've' means 'and', 'kittu' means 'they cut', 'charvotam' means 'their swords', 'le'itim' means 'for enemies', 'vachanito'tehem' means 'and their daggers', 'lemazmerot' means 'for the armory' or 'for storage', 'lo-yissa' means 'shall not lift/raise', 'goy' means 'nation', 'el-goy' means 'against a nation', 'cherav' means 'sword', 've' means 'and', 'lo-yilmdu' means 'shall not learn', 'od' means 'any more', 'milchamah' means 'war'.
[ISA.2.5] The house of Jacob, let us go, and we will go in the light of Yahveh. [§]
Beit Yaakov lechu ve'nelcha be'or Yahveh.
'Beit' means 'house', 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob', 'lechu' means 'let us go', 've'nelcha' means 'and we will go', 'be'or' means 'in the light', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, the proper name of God.
[ISA.2.6] Because you have abandoned your people, the house of Jacob, because they have filled from the east, and the Philistines, and the children of foreigners will oppress them. [§]
ki natashteh ammekha beit Yaakov ki malu miqedem ve'onanim kappelishtim uv yaldei nokhrim yashpiku.
'ki' means 'because', 'natashteh' means 'you have abandoned', 'ammekha' means 'your people', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob', the second 'ki' repeats 'because', 'malu' means 'they have filled', 'miqedem' means 'from the east', 've'onanim' means 'and [they] oppress', 'kappelishtim' means 'the Philistines', 'uv yaldei' means 'and the children of', 'nokhrim' means 'foreigners', 'yashpiku' means 'they will oppress'.
[ISA.2.7] And his land was filled with silver and gold, and there was no end to his treasures; and his land was filled with horses, and there was no end to his chariots. [§]
vatimale arzo kesef ve zahav ve ein ketz leotzrotav vatimale arzo susim ve ein ketz lemarkavotav.
'vatimale' means 'and it was filled', 'arzo' means 'his land', 'kesef' means 'silver', 've' means 'and', 'zahav' means 'gold', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'ketz' means 'end', 'leotzrotav' means 'to his treasures', 'susim' means 'horses', 'lemarkavotav' means 'to his chariots or mounts'.
[ISA.2.8] And his land was filled with idols for the work of his hand; they will bow to the One who made his fingers. [§]
vatimale artzo elilim lemaase yadav yishtachu lasher asu etzbotav.
'vatimale' means 'and (it) was filled', 'artzo' means 'his land', 'elilim' means 'idols' or 'fools', 'lemaase' means 'for the work of', 'yadav' means 'his hand', 'yishtachu' means 'they will bow', 'lasher' means 'to the one who', 'asu' means 'made', 'etzbotav' means 'his fingers'.
[ISA.2.9] And a man laughed, and a man humbled; do not lift them. [§]
Vayyishach adam vayishfal- ish ve'al tisa lahem.
'Vayyishach' means 'and he laughed', 'adam' means 'man', 'vayyishfal' means 'and he humbled' or 'brought down', 'ish' means 'a man' or 'person', 've'al' means 'and not' or 'but do not', 'tisa' means 'you will lift' (imperative), 'lahem' means 'to them' or 'against them'.
[ISA.2.10] Enter the rock and be humbled in dust because of the terror of Yahveh and the splendor of his pride. [§]
Bo ba-tzur ve'hittamen be'afar mipenei pachad Yahveh u-mehedar ge'ono.
'Bo' means 'Enter', 'ba-tzur' means 'in the rock', 've'hittamen' means 'and be ashamed' or 'and be humbled', 'be'afar' means 'with dust', 'mipenei' means 'because of' or 'before', 'pachad' means 'terror' or 'fear', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'u-mehedar' means 'and from the splendor' or 'glitter', 'ge'ono' means 'his pride' or 'his haughtiness'.
[ISA.2.11] The eyes of the proud man are humbled, and the lofty men are humbled, and Yahveh alone will be exalted on that day. [§]
Einay gavhut adam shafel ve'shach rum anashim ve'nisgab Yahveh le-bado ba-yom ha-hu.
'Einay' means 'eyes of', 'gavhut' means 'pride' or 'arrogance', 'adam' means 'man' or 'human', 'shafel' means 'low', 'humble' or 'depressed', 've' is the conjunction 'and', 'schach' (here read as part of the phrase 'schach rum') conveys the idea of being 'high' or 'lofty', 'rum' means 'exalted' or 'high', 'anashim' means 'men' or 'people', 've'nisgab' means 'and he will be exalted' (referring to Yahveh), 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'le-bado' means 'alone' or 'by himself', 'ba-yom' means 'on the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that' (specific day).
[ISA.2.12] Because the day of Yahveh of hosts is upon every proud and lofty, and upon every lowly and humble. [§]
Ki yom laYahveh Tzevaot al kol-ge ve-ram ve al kol-nisa ve-shafel.
'Ki' means 'because', 'yom' means 'day', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh' (YHVH is translated as Yahveh), 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (armies), 'al' means 'upon', 'kol' means 'every' or 'all', 'ge' (from 'gé') means 'proud', 've-ram' means 'and lofty', 've al' means 'and upon', 'kol-nisa' means 'every lowly', 've-shafel' means 'and humble'.
[ISA.2.13] And over all the cedars of Lebanon, the tall and lofty, and over all the oaks of Bashan. [§]
ve'al kol-arezey halevanon ha-ramim ve-hanisaim ve'al kol-alonei habashan.
've'al' means 'and over', 'kol' means 'all', 'arezey' means 'cedars', 'halevanon' means 'of Lebanon', 'ha-ramim' means 'the tall', 've-hanisaim' means 'and the lofty', 've'al' again means 'and over', 'kol' means 'all', 'alonei' means 'oaks', 'habashan' means 'of Bashan'.
[ISA.2.14] and upon all the lofty mountains and upon all the raised hills. [§]
ve'al kol heharim ha-ramim ve'al kol ha-gevavot ha-nissa'ot.
've'al' means 'and upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'heharim' means 'the mountains' (plural construct), 'ha-ramim' means 'the lofty' or 'high', the second 've'al' again means 'and upon', the second 'kol' means 'all', 'ha-gevavot' means 'the hills' or 'mounds', and 'ha-nissa'ot' means 'the raised' or 'elevated'.
[ISA.2.15] and upon every lofty tower and upon every wall in the fortress. [§]
ve'al kol migdal gavoha ve'al kol chomah vtsurah
've'al' means 'and upon', 'kol' means 'all' or 'every', 'migdal' means 'tower', 'gavoha' means 'high' or 'lofty', 'chomah' means 'wall', 'vtsurah' means 'in a fortress' or 'fortification'.
[ISA.2.16] And upon all the ships of Tarshish and upon all the delicacies of desire. [§]
ve'al kol oniot Tarsish ve'al kol shkiyot ha-chemda.
've'al' means 'and upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'oniot' means 'ships' (or 'vessels'), 'Tarsish' is the proper name Tarshish, the distant region, the second 've'al' again means 'and upon', the second 'kol' means 'all', 'shkiyot' means 'delicacies' or 'dainties', and 'ha-chemda' means 'the desired thing' or 'the desire'.
[ISA.2.17] And despises the pride of the man, and lowers the highness of men, and Yahveh will be exalted alone in that day. [§]
ve shach gavhut ha-adam ve shafel rum anashim ve nisgav Yahveh le-vado ba-yom ha-hu.
've' means 'and', 'shach' means 'despises' or 'humbles', 'gavhut' means 'pride' or 'arrogance', 'ha-adam' means 'the man' or 'human', 'shafel' means 'lowers' or 'brings low', 'rum' means 'highness' or 'exaltation', 'anashim' means 'men', 'nisgav' means 'will be exalted' or 'will be raised', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of the divine name YHVH, 'le-vado' means 'by Himself alone', 'ba-yom' means 'in the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that (specific) day'.
[ISA.2.18] And the idols will be completely removed. [§]
vehaelilim kalil yachlef.
've' means 'and', 'haelilim' means 'the idols', 'kalil' means 'completely' or 'wholly', 'yachlef' is a verb meaning 'he will be removed' or 'will be taken away'.
[ISA.2.19] And they came into the cave cliffs and into the dust because of the terror of Yahveh and from the splendor of his pride when he rose to terrify the earth. [§]
Uva'u bime'arot tzurim uvimchillot afar mipnei pachad Yahveh umehdar ge'ono bekumo la'arot haaretz.
'Uva'u' means 'and they came', 'bime'arot' means 'into the caves', 'tzurim' means 'rocky cliffs', 'uvimchillot' means 'and into the dust', 'afar' means 'dust', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'pachad' means 'terror', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'umehdar' means 'and from the splendor', 'ge'ono' means 'his pride', 'bekumo' means 'when he rose', 'la'arot' means 'to terrify', 'haaretz' means 'the earth'.
[ISA.2.20] On that day the man will cast away the idols of his silver and the idols of his gold which they made for him to worship, to dig pits and for the atalefim. [§]
Bayoam hahu yashlich haadam et elilei kaspo ve'et elilei zehavo asher asu-lo lehishtachavot lakhpor perot vela'atalefim.
'Bayoam' means 'on the day'; 'hahu' means 'that'; 'yashlich' means 'will cast' or 'will throw away'; 'haadam' means 'the man' or 'man'; 'et' is a direct‑object marker and is not translated; 'elilei' is the construct form of 'elil' meaning 'worthless thing' or 'idol', here rendered as 'idols of'; 'kaspo' means 'his silver'; 've'et' means 'and'; the second 'elilei' likewise means 'idols of'; 'zehavo' means 'his gold'; 'asher' means 'which' or 'that which'; 'asu-lo' means 'they made for him'; 'lehishtachavot' means 'to worship' (literally 'to bow down'); 'lakhpor' means 'to dig'; 'perot' means 'holes' or 'pits'; 've' means 'and'; 'la'atalefim' is a difficult word, likely a plural noun meaning something like 'for the wandering ones' or 'for the frivolous', left transliterated.
[ISA.2.21] To come in the gorges of the cliffs and in the crevices of the rocks because of the terror of Yahveh and the splendor of his pride when he rises to uproot the earth. [§]
Lavo be-nikrot ha-tsurim u-vi-sa'fei ha-sela'im mi-pnei pachad Yahveh u-mehadar ge'ono be-kumo la'arotz ha'aretz.
'Lavo' means 'to come', 'be-nikrot' means 'in the gorges', 'ha-tsurim' means 'the cliffs', 'u-vi-sa'fei' means 'and in the crevices', 'ha-sela'im' means 'of the rocks', 'mi-pnei' means 'because of', 'pachad' means 'terror', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'u-mehadar' means 'and the splendor', 'ge'ono' means 'of his pride', 'be-kumo' means 'when he rises', 'la'arotz' means 'to uproot', 'ha'aretz' means 'the earth'.
[ISA.2.22] Be silent, you, concerning the man whose breath is in his anger, for by what is he considered? [§]
Chidlu lakhem min ha-adam asher neshama be'apo ki ba-meh nechashev hu.
'Chidlu' means 'be silent', 'lakhem' means 'to you (plural)', 'min' means 'from', 'ha-adam' means 'the man', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'neshama' means 'breath' or 'soul', 'be'apo' means 'in his anger' (literally 'in his face/nostrils'), 'ki' means 'because', 'ba-meh' means 'by what', 'nechashev' means 'is considered' or 'is valued', 'hu' means 'he' or 'it'.
ISA.3
[ISA.3.1] For, behold, the Lord Yahveh of hosts will bring a sword against Jerusalem and Judah, a siege and a blockade, all the siege of bread and all the siege of water. [§]
ki hine haadon Yahveh tzevaot mesir miYerushalem umiYehudah masheen umashena kol mishan-lechem ve kol mishan-mayim.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because'. 'hine' means 'behold'. 'haadon' means 'the Lord' (the title Adon). 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the tetragrammaton YHVH. 'tzevaot' means 'hosts' (plural of army). 'mesir' means 'will bring' (future tense of bring). 'miYerushalem' means 'from Jerusalem'. 'umiYehudah' means 'and from Judah'. 'masheen' means 'a siege' or 'a sword' in this context. 'umashena' means 'and a blockade' or 'a siege'. 'kol' means 'all' or 'every'. 'mishan-lechem' means 'siege of bread'. 've' means 'and'. 'kol' again means 'all'. 'mishan-mayim' means 'siege of water'.
[ISA.3.2] Hero and a man of war, judge and prophet, sorcerer and elder. [§]
gibor ve'ish milchamah shofet ve'navi ve'kosem ve'zaken
'gibor' means 'hero' or 'mighty one', 've'ish' means 'and a man', 'milchamah' means 'of war' or 'warrior', 'shofet' means 'judge', 've'navi' means 'and prophet', 've'kosem' means 'and sorcerer' (one who practices divination), 've'zaken' means 'and elder'.
[ISA.3.3] Chief of the fifty and (he) who lifts faces, and counselor, and wise craftsmen, and understanding for whispering. [§]
Sar-chamissim u'neshu panim ve'yoetz va'chakam charashim u'nevon lachash.
'Sar' means 'chief' or 'prince'; 'chamissim' is the construct form of 'fifties', so 'Sar-chamissim' = 'chief of the fifty'. 'U'neshu' is the conjunction 'and' plus the verb 'neshu' meaning 'lifts' or 'raises'; 'panim' means 'faces', giving 'and (he) lifts faces' or 'and the one who raises faces'. 'Ve'yoetz' = 'and counselor' (from the root *yatz* 'to advise'). 'Va'chakam' = 'and wise' (adjective). 'Charashim' = 'craftsmen' or 'artisans'. 'U'nevon' = 'and understanding' or 'wisdom'. 'Lachash' = the infinitive construct of 'lash' meaning 'to whisper' or 'for whispering'.
[ISA.3.4] And I will give the youths their princes, and the foolish shall rule over them. [§]
ve-natati ne'arim sareihem ve-ta'alulim yimshlu bam.
've-natati' means 'and I will give', 'ne'arim' means 'young men' or 'youths', 'sareihem' means 'their princes/officers', 've-ta'alulim' means 'and the foolish/immature ones', 'yimshlu' means 'shall rule' or 'shall have dominion', 'bam' means 'over them'.
[ISA.3.5] And the people approached, each man against each man and a man with his companion; the young with the old, and the weak with the strong. [§]
ve-niggas ha-am ish be-ish ve-ish be-re-ehu yirhavu ha-na'ar ba-zaken ve-hanikle ba-nikkbad.
've-niggas' means 'and they approached', 'ha-am' means 'the people', 'ish' means 'man', 'be-ish' means 'against a man', 've-ish' means 'and a man', 'be-re-ehu' means 'with his companion', 'yirhavu' means 'they will scatter or turn on each other', 'ha-na'ar' means 'the young one', 'ba-zaken' means 'with the old', 've-hanikle' means 'and the weak', 'ba-nikkbad' means 'with the strong'.
[ISA.3.6] Because a man will seize his brother's house of his father, a cloak to you, an officer will be ours, and this oppression will be under your hand. [§]
Ki-yitpos ish be'achiv beit aviv simlah lecha katsin tihyeh-lanu veha-makhshola hazot tahat yadecha.
'Ki' means 'because', 'yitpos' means 'he will seize', 'ish' means 'man', 'be'achiv' means 'with his brother', 'beit' means 'house', 'aviv' means 'of his father', 'simlah' means 'cloak' or 'shirt', 'lecha' means 'to you' or an imperative 'go', 'katsin' means 'officer' or 'official', 'tihyeh-lanu' means 'will be ours', 'veha-makhshola' means 'and the oppression' (or 'the oppression' as a noun), 'hazot' means 'this', 'tahat' means 'under', 'yadecha' means 'your hand'.
[ISA.3.7] He will say on that day, I will not be a ruler, and in my house there is no bread and there is no clothing; you will not set me as a leader of the people. [§]
Yissa ba-yom ha-hu le'emor lo-ehye chobesh uvebiti ein lechem ve-ein simla lo teshimuni ketsin am.
'Yissa' means 'he will say', 'ba-yom' means 'on the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'lo-ehye' means 'I will not be', 'chobesh' means 'a ruler', 'uvebiti' means 'in my house', 'ein' means 'there is no', 'lechem' means 'bread', 've-ein' means 'and there is no', 'simla' means 'clothing', 'lo' means 'you will not', 'teshimuni' means 'set me', 'ketsin' means 'as a leader', 'am' means 'of the people'.
[ISA.3.8] Because Jerusalem has been ruined and Judah has fallen, because their tongue and their deeds are against Yahveh, to the bitterness of the eyes of his glory. [§]
ki kashlah Yerushalayim viYehudah naphal ki lshonam umaalleyhem el Yahveh lamrot einei kavodo.
'ki' means 'because', 'kashlah' means 'has been ruined', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'viYehudah' means 'and Judah', 'naphal' means 'has fallen', 'lshonam' means 'their tongue', 'umaaleyhem' means 'and their deeds', 'el' means 'against', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'lamrot' means 'to the bitterness', 'einei' means 'the eyes of', 'kavodo' means 'his glory'.
[ISA.3.9] The cutting of their faces answered them, and their sin was like Sodom; they reported not, they were not united. Woe to their soul, for they have repaid them with evil. [§]
ha-karat p'neihem an'tah bam ve-chatatam kisdom higgidu lo ki-chedu oy le-nafsham ki gam'lu lahem ra'ah.
'ha-karat' means 'the cutting' or 'the removal', 'p'neihem' means 'their faces', 'an'tah' means 'answered', 'bam' means 'to them', 've-chatatam' means 'and their sin', 'kisdom' likely means 'like Sodom', 'higgidu' means 'they reported' or 'they announced', 'lo' means 'not', 'ki-chedu' means 'they were not united' or 'they did not agree', 'oy' means 'woe', 'le-nafsham' means 'to their soul', 'ki' means 'because', 'gam'lu' means 'they repaid' or 'they returned', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'ra'ah' means 'evil'.
[ISA.3.10] Speak, O righteous one, for it is good, for the fruit of their deeds they will eat. [§]
Imru tzaddik ki-tov ki-pri ma'alleyhem yo'chelu.
'Imru' means 'Speak' or 'Declare', 'tzaddik' means 'the righteous one', 'ki-tov' means 'for it is good', 'ki-pri' means 'for the fruit', 'ma'alleyhem' means 'of their deeds or works', 'yo'chelu' means 'they will eat'.
[ISA.3.11] Woe to the wicked, for the recompense of his deeds will befall him. [§]
Oy le-rashah ra ki-gemul yadaiv ye'aseh lo.
'Oy' means 'woe', 'le-rashah' means 'to the wicked', 'ra' means 'evil', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'gemul' means 'reward' or 'recompense', 'yadaiv' means 'his hand' i.e., 'his deeds', 'ye'aseh' means 'will be made' or 'shall be done', 'lo' means 'to him'.
[ISA.3.12] My people, their oppressor is proud, and women have seized it; my people, your blessed ones bewilder you, and the way of your paths they have devoured. [§]
Ammi nog'sav me'olel ve'nashim mashlu vo ammi ma'ashrekha mat'im ve'derekh orchotecha bile'u.
'Ammi' means 'my people'; 'nog'sav' is from the root *n-g-sh* meaning 'to oppress' and here denotes 'their oppressor'; 'me'olel' (from *a-l-l*) means 'who is haughty' or 'proud'; 've'nashim' means 'and women'; 'mashlu' (from *sh-l-l*) means 'have seized' or 'taken hold of'; 'vo' means 'in it' or 'upon it'; the second 'ammi' repeats 'my people'; 'ma'ashrekha' from the root *a-sh-r* meaning 'to make happy' is rendered 'your blessed ones'; 'mat'im' (from *t-a-m*) means 'they cause astonishment' or 'they bewilder'; 've'derekh' means 'and the way'; 'orchotecha' means 'your paths'; 'bile'u' (from *b-l-ʿ*) means 'they have swallowed' or 'devoured'; the final 'S' is a scribal marker indicating the end of the verse.
[ISA.3.13] Yahveh stands for battle and stands to judge the nations. [§]
nitsav lariv Yahveh veomed ladin ammim.
'nitsav' means 'stands' or 'is standing', 'lariv' means 'for battle', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'veomed' means 'and stands', 'ladin' means 'to judge' or 'for judgment', 'ammim' means 'the nations'.
[ISA.3.14] Yahveh in judgment will come with the elders of his people and his princes, and you have burned the vineyard and robbed the poor in your houses. [§]
Yahveh be-mishpat yavo im zeknei amo ve-sharayv ve-atem bi-artem ha-karem gezelet ha-ani be-bateichem.
'Yahveh' means the divine name YHWH; 'be-mishpat' means 'in judgment'; 'yavo' means 'will come'; 'im' means 'with'; 'zeknei' means 'elders'; 'amo' means 'his people'; 've-sharayv' means 'and his princes'; 've-atem' means 'and you'; 'bi-artem' means 'have burned'; 'ha-karem' means 'the vineyard'; 'gezelet' means 'the theft' or 'robbery'; 'ha-ani' means 'the poor'; 'be-bateichem' means 'in your houses'.
[ISA.3.15] Kings, you will crush my people and the faces of the poor you will trust, says my Lord Yahveh of hosts. [§]
Malkem tedakkeu ammi u-fnei aniyyim titchanu ne'um my Lord Yahveh of hosts
'Malkem' means 'kings', 'tedakkeu' means 'you will crush', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'u-fnei' means 'and the faces of', 'aniyyim' means 'the poor', 'titchanu' means 'you will trust', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'my Lord' is the literal translation of Adonai, 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'of hosts' translates the word צבאות meaning 'hosts'.
[ISA.3.16] And said Yahveh, because they have become lofty, the daughters of Zion, and they walked, stretched like birds of prey and eye‑seizers, walking and fluttering, they will walk, and with their feet they will crush. [§]
Vayomer Yahveh ya'an ki gavehu benot tziyon vatelachna netuot garon u-meshakerot einayim halokh ve-tapoph telachna u-beragleihem te'akkasna.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'ya'an' means 'because' or 'for', 'ki' means 'that', 'gavehu' means 'they have become high' or 'grown lofty', 'benot' means 'daughters', 'tziyon' means 'of Zion', 'vatelachna' means 'and they walked', 'netuot' means 'stretched' or 'extended', 'garon' is a type of bird of prey (often rendered 'herons' or 'eaglets'), 'u-meshakerot' means 'and those who seize' or 'grabbers', 'einayim' means 'eyes', 'halokh' means 'walking' or 'going', 've-tapoph' means 'and fluttering' or 'shaking', 'telachna' means 'they will walk', 'u-beragleihem' means 'with their feet', 'te'akkasna' means 'they will crush' or 'trample'.
[ISA.3.17] And my Lord shines among the daughters of Zion and Yahveh opens them and awakens. [§]
ve-sippach adonai qadkod be-noth tziyon vayhavah pathe hen yeareh.
've' means 'and', 'sippach' means 'sprinkles' or 'shines', 'adonai' means 'my Lord', 'qadkod' means 'shines brightly' or 'glitters', 'be-noth' means 'in the daughters', 'tziyon' means 'Zion', 'vayhavah' means 'and Yahveh', 'pathe' means 'opens', 'hen' is the pronoun 'them', 'yeareh' means 'will awaken' or 'will cause to be awake'.
[ISA.3.18] On that day my Lord will remove the splendor of the arrogant, the haughty, and the boastful. [§]
Bayyom hahoo yasir Adonai et tiferet ha'achasim vehashevisim vehashahronim.
'Bayyom' means 'on the day', 'hahoo' means 'that', together 'on that day'. 'Yasir' means 'will remove' or 'will take away'. 'Adonai' is rendered as 'my Lord' according to the given rule. 'Et' is the Hebrew direct‑object marker and is not translated. 'Tiferet' means 'splendor' or 'glory'. 'Ha'achasim' is a plural noun literally 'the achasim'; in context it denotes people who are lofty and proud, so we translate it as 'the arrogant'. 'V'hashevisim' is 'and the shevisim', a plural form of a word meaning 'pride' or 'haughtiness', rendered here as 'the haughty'. 'V'hashahronim' is 'and the sahronim', from a root meaning 'to boast' or 'to be boastful', so we translate it as 'the boastful'. The phrase therefore means 'the splendor of the arrogant, the haughty, and the boastful.'
[ISA.3.19] the drops and the songs and the herds. [§]
hanetipot vehashirot vehare'alot.
'hanetipot' means 'the drops', 'vehashirot' means 'and the songs', 'vehare'alot' means 'and the herds' (or 'flocks').
[ISA.3.20] the ornaments and the steps and the cords and the houses of the soul and the snakes. [§]
ha paerim veha tzeadot veha kishurim u'batei ha nefesh veha lachashim.
'ha' means 'the', 'paerim' means 'ornaments' or 'splendors', 'tzeadot' means 'steps' or 'stages', 'kishurim' means 'cords' or 'ties', 'batei ha nefesh' means 'houses of the soul', and 'lachashim' means 'snakes' or 'serpents'.
[ISA.3.21] the tabbaot and the nizmei of the nose. [§]
ha-tabbaot ve-nizmei ha-af.
'ha-tabbaot' is the definite form of a noun that appears in some poetic texts and is usually rendered as 'the tabbaot' (the exact meaning is uncertain). 've-nizmei' is the conjunction 've' meaning 'and' followed by the plural construct form 'nizmei', meaning 'the nizmei' (a plural noun of unclear definition). 'ha-af' is the definite form of 'af', which means 'nose' (or figuratively 'anger'). The phrase is therefore a literal string of these words without an established idiomatic sense.
[ISA.3.22] the twisted ones, the enwrapments, the handkerchiefs, and the engravings. [§]
hamachalatzot ve hamatafot ve mitpachot vehachritim
'hamachalatzot' means 'the twisted ones' (from the root meaning to spin or whirl). 've' is the conjunction 'and'. 'hamatafot' means 'the enwrapments' or 'the coverings' (from the root meaning to surround). 've' again means 'and'. 'mitpachot' means 'the handkerchiefs' or 'the towels' (plural of a word for a cloth used for wiping). 've' again means 'and'. 'hachritim' means 'the engravings' or 'the inscribed markings' (from the root meaning to carve or engrave).
[ISA.3.23] and the Gilyonites and the Sedinim and the Tzenipot and the Rdidim. [§]
veha-gilyonim veha-sdinim veha-tzenipot veha-rdidim.
've' means 'and', 'ha' is the Hebrew definite article 'the'. 'gilyonim' is a proper name for a group of people, rendered here as 'Gilyonites'. 'sdinim' is another proper group name, rendered as 'Sedinim'. 'tzenipot' likewise is a proper group name, rendered as 'Tzenipot'. 'rdidim' is a proper group name, rendered as 'Rdidim'. These terms are transliterated rather than translated because they are proper nouns without a direct English equivalent.
[ISA.3.24] And it shall be under fragrance, a scent will be; and under a rope it will leap; and under hard work it will be bald; and under a clasp a tight sack; for under beauty. [§]
vehayah tachat boshem maq yihye vetachat chagorah nikpah vetachat maase mikse karachah vetachat ptigil machagoret sak ki-tachat yofi.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'tachat' means 'under', 'boshem' means 'fragrance' or 'odor', 'maq' means 'a scent', 'yihye' means 'will be', 'vetachat' means 'and under', 'chagorah' means 'a rope' or 'cord', 'nikpah' means 'it will leap' or 'it will spring', 'maase' means 'work' or 'deed', 'mikse' means 'hard' or 'difficult', 'karachah' means 'baldness' or 'shearing', 'ptigil' is a rare word meaning 'a clasp' or 'fastener', 'machagoret' means 'tight wrap' or 'sack', 'sak' means 'skin' or 'leather', 'ki-tachat' means 'for under', 'yofi' means 'beauty' or 'splendor'.
[ISA.3.25] Your end will fall by the sword, and your strength in the battle. [§]
Metayikh ba-cheret yipolu u-gevuratekha ba-milchamah.
'Metayikh' means 'your end' or 'your destruction', 'ba-cheret' means 'by the sword', 'yipolu' means 'they will fall', 'u-gevuratekha' means 'and your might/strength', 'ba-milchamah' means 'in the battle'.
[ISA.3.26] And they will be ruined and perish, its openings will be cut, and the earth will settle. [§]
ve'anoo ve'avlu petacheha ve'niqqatah la'aretz teshev.
've' means 'and', 'anoo' means 'they will be' (future of 'to be'), 've' again means 'and', 'avlu' means 'they will waste/perish', 'petacheha' means 'its openings' (petach = opening, -eha = its), 've' means 'and', 'niqqatah' means 'it will be cut' (from the root Q-T with passive perfect), 'la'aretz' means 'to the earth', 'teshev' means 'will dwell/settle' (future of 'to sit, dwell').
ISA.4
[ISA.4.1] And they bound seven women to one man on that day, saying, we will eat our bread and we will put on our garment, only that your name be upon us, a gathering of our shame. [§]
vehecheziku sheva nashim be'ish echad bayom hahu le'emor lachmenu nokhel ve'simlateinu nilbas rak yikarei shimkha aleinu esof cherpateinu.
'vehecheziku' means 'and they bound/held', 'sheva' means 'seven', 'nashim' means 'women', 'be'ish' means 'with a man', 'echad' means 'one', 'bayom' means 'on the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'lachmenu' means 'our bread', 'nokhel' means 'we will eat', 've'simlateinu' means 'and our garment', 'nilbas' means 'we will put on', 'rak' means 'only', 'yikarei' means 'will be called', 'shimkha' means 'your name', 'aleinu' means 'upon us', 'esof' means 'a gathering/collecting', 'cherpateinu' means 'our shame/disgrace'.
[ISA.4.2] On that day there will be a sprout of Yahveh for triumph and for glory, and the fruit of the earth for pride and for splendor for the deliverance of Israel. [§]
Baiyom hahu yihyeh tzemach Yahveh litzi vi ulekavod ufri haaretz legaon uletiferet lifleytat Yisrael.
'Baiyom' means 'on the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'yihyeh' means 'there will be', 'tzemach' means 'sprout' or 'growth', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'litzi' means 'for triumph' (from the root meaning 'to boast'), 've' means 'and', 'lekavod' means 'for glory', 'ufri' means 'and the fruit', 'haaretz' means 'of the earth', 'legaon' means 'for pride', 'uletiferet' means 'and for splendor', 'lifleytat' means 'for deliverance' or 'for the rescue', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[ISA.4.3] And it shall be: the remaining in Zion and the remaining in Jerusalem shall be holy; it shall be said to him, all that is written for life in Jerusalem. [§]
vehayah hanishar be-tziyon ve-hanotar bi-yerushalayim qadosh ye'amer lo kol-hakatav lachayim bi-yerushalayim.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be'; 'hanishar' means 'the remaining' or 'the left over'; 'be-tziyon' means 'in Zion'; 've-hanotar' means 'and the remaining' (a parallel form); 'bi-yerushalayim' means 'in Jerusalem'; 'qadosh' means 'holy'; 'ye'amer' means 'it shall be said'; 'lo' means 'to him'; 'kol-hakatav' means 'all that is written'; 'lachayim' means 'for life'; the final 'bi-yerushalayim' repeats 'in Jerusalem'.
[ISA.4.4] If my Lord washes the outflow of the daughters of Zion and the blood of Jerusalem, he will wipe it from her midst by a spirit of judgment and by a spirit of fire. [§]
Im rachatz Adonai et tzoet benot tziyon ve'et demei yerushalayim yadi'ach mikirbah be'ruach mishpat u've'ruach ba'er.
'Im' means 'if', 'rachatz' means 'wash', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'et' is a marker for the direct object, 'tzoet' means 'the outflow' or 'the departure', 'benot' means 'daughters', 'tziyon' means 'Zion', 've'et' means 'and the', 'dmei' means 'blood of', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'yadi'ach' means 'he will wipe', 'mikirbh' means 'from her midst', 'be'ruach' means 'by the spirit', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'u'be'ruach' means 'and by the spirit', 'ba'er' means 'of fire'.
[ISA.4.5] And Yahveh created upon every dwelling of the mountain of Zion and upon its calling a cloud by day, and smoke, and a blazing fire, a flame by night, because upon every glory it is covered. [§]
u'bara Yahveh al kol-mechon har Tziyon ve'al mikra'eh anan yomam ve'ashan ve'nogah esh lehavah layla ki al kol kavod chuppah.
'u'bara' means 'and created', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'al' means 'upon', 'kol-mechon' means 'every dwelling/place', 'har Tziyon' means 'the mountain of Zion', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'mikra'eh' means 'its calling', 'anan' means 'cloud', 'yomam' means 'by day', 've'ashan' means 'and smoke', 've'nogah' means 'and blazing', 'esh' means 'fire', 'lehavah' means 'flame', 'layla' means 'by night', 'ki' means 'because', 'al kol kavod' means 'upon every glory', 'chuppah' means 'it is covered'.
[ISA.4.6] And a shelter will be for shade by day from the sword, and for refuge and for concealment from fury and from flood. [§]
Ve sukkah tihyeh letsel yomam mechorav ulemachseh ulemistor mizrem u-mimmatar.
'Ve' means 'and', 'sukkah' means 'a shelter', 'tihyeh' means 'will be', 'letsel' means 'for shade', 'yomam' means 'by day', 'mechorav' means 'from the sword', 'u-lemachseh' means 'and for a refuge', 'u-lemistor' means 'and for concealment', 'mizrem' means 'from fury', 'u-mimmatar' means 'and from flood'.
ISA.5
[ISA.5.1] I will now sing to my beloved a song of my lover to his vineyard; the vineyard was for my beloved in the horn of the son of oil. [§]
Ashira na li-yididi shirat dodi le-karmo kerem haya li-yididi be-keren ben shamen.
'Ashira' means 'I will sing', 'na' is a pleading particle often rendered 'please' or 'now', 'li-yididi' means 'to my beloved' (literally 'to my dear one'), 'shirat' means 'song of', 'dodi' means 'my beloved' or 'my lover', 'le-karmo' means 'to his vineyard', 'kerem' means 'vineyard', 'haya' means 'was' or 'became', 'li-yididi' again means 'for my beloved', 'be-keren' means 'in the horn' (an idiom for a place of abundance), and 'ben shamen' means 'son of oil', an idiom for wealth or richness.
[ISA.5.2] And he tore him, and he crushed him, and he planted him as a thief; and he built a tower within it, and also a ravine cut into it; and he hoped to make grapes, and he made them with ashes. [§]
Vayeazkeihu vayesakleihu vayitaehu soreq vayiven migdal betokho vegam-yeqev chatsav bo veyekav laasot anavim vayaas beushim.
'Vayeazkeihu' means 'and he tore him', 'vayesakleihu' means 'and he crushed him', 'vayitaehu' means 'and he planted him', 'soreq' means 'a thief', 'vayiven' means 'and he built', 'migdal' means 'a tower', 'betokho' means 'within it', 'vegam-yeqev' means 'and also a ravine', 'chatsav' means 'cut into it', 'bo' means 'in it', 'veyekav' means 'and he hoped', 'laasot' means 'to do', 'anavim' means 'grapes', 'vayaas' means 'and he made', 'beushim' means 'with ashes'.
[ISA.5.3] Now, O dweller of Jerusalem, and the man of Judah, please judge between me and my vineyard. [§]
ve'atah yoshev Yerushalayim ve'ish Yehudah shiftu-na beini uvein karmi.
've'atah' means 'now' or 'and now', 'yoshev' means 'dweller' or 'inhabitant', 'Yerushalayim' is the name of Jerusalem, 've'ish' means 'and a man', 'Yehudah' means 'of Judah', 'shiftu-na' means 'judge, please' (imperative with polite particle), 'beini' means 'between me', 'uvein' means 'and between', 'karmi' means 'my vineyard'.
[ISA.5.4] What shall I do again to my vineyard, which I have not done in it? Why did I hope to make grapes, and He made them into thorns. [§]
mah-la'asot od lekharmi velo asiti bo madua ki'veti la'asot anavim vayya'as be'ushim.
'mah' means 'what', 'la'asot' means 'to do', 'od' means 'again', 'lekharmi' means 'to my vineyard', 'velo' means 'and not', 'asiti' means 'I have done', 'bo' means 'in it', 'madua' means 'why' or 'for what reason', 'ki'veti' means 'I hoped', 'la'asot' (second occurrence) means 'to make', 'anavim' means 'grapes', 'vayya'as' means 'and He made', 'be'ushim' means 'in thorns' or 'among bushes'.
[ISA.5.5] And now I will inform you what I am doing to my vineyard: I will remove its covering and it will be set to burn, I will break its fence and it will be for crushing. [§]
ve'atah odia'ah na etchem et asher ani osseh lekharmi haser mesukato vehayah lev'er paratz gederó vehayah lemir-mas.
've'atah' means 'and now', 'odia'ah' means 'I will inform', 'na' is an emphatic particle meaning 'please' or 'indeed', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'asher' means 'that which', 'ani' means 'I', 'osseh' means 'am doing', 'lekharmi' means 'to my vineyard', 'haser' means 'remove', 'mesukato' means 'its covering', 'vehayah' means 'and it will be', 'lev'er' means 'to burn', 'paratz' means 'break' or 'burst', 'gederó' means 'its fence', 'vehayah' again means 'and it will be', 'lemir-mas' means 'for crushing' or 'for devouring'.
[ISA.5.6] And I will set him in a house that will not be shut and will not be left, and a night watchman and a guard will arise, and over the clouds I will command the rain that falls upon him. [§]
vaashittehu bata lo yizamer ve lo yeader veala shamir vasheyit veal haavim atzaveh mehamtir alav matar.
'va' means 'and', 'ashittehu' means 'I will set him', 'bata' means 'in a house', 'lo' means 'not', 'yizamer' means 'will be shut/closed', 've' means 'and', 'lo' means 'not', 'yeader' means 'will be left/abandoned', 've' means 'and', 'ala' means 'will rise', 'shamir' means 'a night watchman', 'vasheyit' means 'and a guard', 've' means 'and', 'al' means 'upon', 'haavim' means 'the clouds', 'atzaveh' means 'I will command', 'mehamtir' means 'the raining one', 'alav' means 'upon him', 'matar' means 'rain'.
[ISA.5.7] Because the vineyard of Yahveh of hosts, the house of Israel, and a man of Judah planted his vines, and he hoped for justice, and behold a branch for righteousness, and behold a cry. [§]
Ki kerem Yahveh tsevaot beit Yisrael ve'ish Yehudah netsa shaashuav vaykav lemispat vehineh mispach litzdakah vehineh tzeakah.
'Ki' means 'because', 'kerem' means 'vineyard', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'tsevaot' means 'hosts' or 'armies', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 've'ish' means 'and a man', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'netsa' means 'planted', 'shaashuav' (from sha'ashuav) means 'his vines' or 'his saplings', 'vaykav' means 'he hoped' or 'he looked for', 'lemispat' means 'for justice/judgment', 'vehineh' means 'and behold', 'mispach' means 'branch', 'litzdakah' means 'for righteousness', 'tzeakah' means 'a cry' or 'shout'.
[ISA.5.8] Alas, those who go house to house, field to field, drawing near until there is no place, and you shall sit alone in the midst of the earth. [§]
Hoi maggiei bayit bebait sadeh besadeh yakrivu ad efes makom vehusavtem levadchem bekerev haaretz.
'Hoi' means 'Alas', an exclamation of lament. 'maggiei' means 'those who come' (plural construct from the verb 'to come'). 'bayit' means 'house'. 'bebait' means 'into a house' or 'house to house'. 'sadeh' means 'field'. 'besadeh' means 'into a field' or 'field to field'. 'yakrivu' means 'they will bring close' or 'they will draw near'. 'ad' means 'until'. 'efes' means 'nothing' or 'no'. 'makom' means 'place'. 'vehusavtem' means 'and you will sit' or 'and you shall remain'. 'levadchem' means 'by yourselves' or 'alone'. 'bekerev' means 'in the midst of'. 'haaretz' means 'the earth' or 'the land'.
[ISA.5.9] In my ears Yahveh of Hosts, if there are not many houses for hearing, they will be great and good beyond any dweller. [§]
beaznai Yahveh tzevaot im lo batim rabim leshama yihyu gedolim vetovim meein yoshev.
'beaznai' means 'in my ears', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'im lo' means 'if not', 'batim' means 'houses', 'rabim' means 'many', 'leshama' means 'for hearing', 'yihyu' means 'they will be', 'gedolim' means 'great', 'vetovim' means 'and good', 'meein' means 'than none', 'yoshev' means 'dweller' or 'one who sits'.
[ISA.5.10] For ten clusters of the vineyard they will make one house, and the seed of clay will make a eifah. [§]
Ki aseret tsimdei-kerem ya'asu bat echat ve-zera chomar ya'aseh eifah.
'Ki' means 'for', 'aseret' means 'ten', 'tsimdei-kerem' means 'clusters of the vineyard', 'ya'asu' means 'they will make' or 'they will do', 'bat' in this context means 'house' (though it can also mean 'daughter'), 'echat' means 'one', 've-zera' means 'and seed', 'chomar' means 'clay', 'ya'aseh' means 'will make', 'eifah' is a rare word whose precise meaning is uncertain, possibly referring to a kind of vessel or a goat; the translation keeps the word as is pending further lexical clarification.
[ISA.5.11] Woe to those who rise early in the morning, drunk, who chase after the bottle; wine will set them on fire. [§]
Hoy mashkimie ba boker shekar yirdofu meaharai baneshef yayin yadl'ikeim.
'Hoy' means 'woe', 'mashkimie' means 'those who rise' (the ones who get up), 'ba boker' means 'in the morning', 'shekar' means 'drunk' or 'intoxicated', 'yirdofu' means 'they will chase' or 'pursue', 'meaharai' means 'after', 'baneshef' means 'the bottle' or 'flask', 'yayin' means 'wine', 'yadl'ikeim' means 'will set them afire' or 'will ignite them'.
[ISA.5.12] And it shall be a harp and a psaltery, a pipe and a whistle, and wine of their feast; and they will not look at the work of Yahveh, nor see the work of his hand. [§]
vehayah kinnor vanavel tof vechalil vayayin mishtehem ve'et po'al Yahveh lo yabittu umaaseh yadav lo ra'u.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'kinnor' means 'harp', 'vanavel' means 'and a psaltery', 'tof' means 'pipe', 'vechalil' means 'and a whistle', 'vayayin' means 'and wine', 'mishtehem' means 'of their feast', 've'et' means 'and', 'po'al' means 'the work', 'Yahveh' is the divine name YHVH, 'lo' means 'not', 'yabittu' means 'they shall look', 'umaaseh' means 'and the work', 'yadav' means 'of his hand', 'ra'u' means 'they saw'.
[ISA.5.13] Therefore my people wander in ignorance, and their honor is like famine, and their lowliness is a dry thirst. [§]
Lachen galah ammi miblydaat vechavodo mete raav vahamono ticheh tsama.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'galah' means 'go out' or 'wander', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'miblydaat' means 'without knowledge' (i.e., in ignorance), 'vechavodo' means 'and his honor', 'mete' means 'like death' or 'like famine', 'raav' means 'hunger' or 'famine', 'vahamono' means 'and his humility' or 'his lowliness', 'ticheh' means 'dry' or 'parched', 'tsama' means 'thirst'.
[ISA.5.14] Therefore she broadened the asking of her soul and opened her mouth without law, and her modesty went down, her privacy and her shame, and a gazelle was upon her. [§]
Lachen hirchiva sheol nafsha ufaarah pih libli-chok veyarad hadarah vahmonah usheonah vealez ba.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'hirchiva' means 'she broadened', 'sheol' means 'the asking', 'nafsha' means 'her soul', 'ufaarah' means 'and opened', 'pih' means 'her mouth', 'libli-chok' means 'without law', 'veyarad' means 'and went down', 'hadarah' means 'her modesty', 'vahmonah' means 'and her privacy', 'usheonah' means 'and her shame', 'vealez' means 'and a gazelle', 'ba' means 'upon her'.
[ISA.5.15] And he humbled man, and he humbled a man, and the eyes of the lofty will be humbled. [§]
Vayishach adam vayishfal- ish ve'einei gevohim tishpallenah.
"Vayishach" means "and he humbled"; "adam" means "man"; "vayishfal-" means "and he humbled" with the attached "ish" meaning "a man"; "ve'einei" means "and the eyes of"; "gevohim" means "the lofty" or "the proud"; "tishpallenah" means "will be humbled".
[ISA.5.16] And Yahveh of hosts was exalted in judgment, and the Holy God was sanctified in righteousness. [§]
Vayigbah Yahveh Tzevaot bamishpat vehaEl hakadosh nikdosh bitsedakah.
'Vayigbah' means 'and he/it exalted', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (armies), 'bamishpat' means 'in judgment', 'vehaEl' means 'and the God', 'hakadosh' means 'the Holy', 'nikdosh' means 'was sanctified', 'bitsedakah' means 'in righteousness'.
[ISA.5.17] And they shall do evil like lambs as their word, and swords from the living dwellers will eat. [§]
ve-ra'u kevasim ke-davram ve-charvot mechim garim yo'chelu.
've-ra'u' means 'and they shall do evil', 'kevasim' means 'like lambs', 'ke-davram' means 'as their word' or 'according to their matter', 've-charvot' means 'and swords', 'mechim' means 'from the living' or 'from those who are alive', 'garim' means 'dwellers' or 'inhabitants', 'yo'chelu' means 'they will eat'.
[ISA.5.18] Woe to those who pull iniquity with false cords and, like the burdens of a cart, sin. [§]
Hoy Moschei ha'Avon beChavlei haShav veKa'abot haAglah Chata
'Hoy' means 'Woe', an exclamation of lament. 'Moschei' is the plural active participle of 'to pull', meaning 'those who pull' or 'drawers'. 'Ha'Avon' means 'the iniquity' or 'the guilt' (sin). 'BeChavlei' means 'with cords' (plural of chavel, rope). 'HaShav' means 'the false' or 'the vain'. 'VeKa'abot' means 'and as burdens' (ka'ev is a load, burden). 'HaAglah' means 'the cart' or 'the wagon'. 'Chata' is the verb 'to sin', here used as a noun meaning 'sin'.
[ISA.5.19] The ones who say, 'Hasten, be silent about his work, so that we may see, and draw near, and come, the counsel of the holy Israel, and we shall know.' [§]
haomerim yemaher yachisha maasehu lemaan nireh ve tikrav ve tavoa atzat kedosh Yisrael ve nedaa
'haomerim' means 'the ones who say', 'yemaher' means 'hasten', 'yachisha' means 'be silent', 'maasehu' means 'his work', 'lemaan' means 'in order that', 'nireh' means 'we may see', 've' is 'and', 'tikrav' means 'draw near', 'tavoa' means 'come', 'atzat' means 'counsel', 'kedosh' means 'holy', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'nedaa' means 'we shall know'.
[ISA.5.20] Woe to those who say evil is good and good is evil, who set darkness for light and light for darkness, who set bitter for sweet and sweet for bitter. [§]
Hoy ha'omerim la-ra tov ve-la-tov ra samim choshech le-or ve-or le-choshech samim mar le-matok u-matok le-mar.
'Hoy' means 'woe', 'ha'omerim' means 'the ones who say', 'la-ra' means 'to evil', 'tov' means 'good', 've-la-tov' means 'and to good', 'ra' means 'evil', 'samim' means 'they set' or 'they make', 'choshech' means 'darkness', 'le-or' means 'for light', 've-or' means 'and light', 'le-choshech' means 'for darkness', 'mar' means 'bitter', 'le-matok' means 'for sweet', 'u-matok' means 'and sweet', 'le-mar' means 'for bitter'.
[ISA.5.21] Woe to the wise in their eyes, and opposite their faces the learned. [§]
Hoy chachamim beeinehem ve neged peneihem nevonim.
'Hoy' means 'Woe', 'chachamim' means 'wise ones' (plural), 'beeinehem' means 'in their eyes', 've' means 'and', 'neged' means 'opposite' or 'against', 'peneihem' means 'their faces', 'nevonim' means 'the learned' or 'wise persons'.
[ISA.5.22] Woe to the mighty who drink wine, and to men of valor who become drunk. [§]
Hoy gibborim lishtot yayin veanshei-chayil limsoch shekhar.
'Hoy' means 'woe', 'gibborim' means 'the mighty' or 'warriors', 'lishtot' means 'to drink', 'yayin' means 'wine', 'veanshei-chayil' means 'and men of valor' or 'men of strength', 'limsoch' means 'to become drunk', 'shekhar' means 'intoxication' or 'drunkenness'.
[ISA.5.23] The righteous confront the wicked because of deceit, and the righteousness of the righteous will remove them from it. [§]
Matzdikei rasha ekev shochad vtsidkat tzaddikim yasiru mimmenu.
'Matzdikei' means 'the righteous (those who are right)'. 'Rasha' means 'wicked'. 'Ekev' means 'because of' or 'on account of'. 'Shochad' means 'deceit' or 'sham'. 'Vtsidkat' means 'and the righteousness of'. 'Tzaddikim' means 'the righteous (people)'. 'Yasiru' means 'they will remove' or 'they will take away'. 'Mimmenu' means 'from them' or 'from it'.
[ISA.5.24] Therefore, as a sting to a tongue of fire and a hiss to flame will heal their roots like a stick it will be and its blossom like dust will rise because they despised the law of Yahveh of hosts and the word of Holy Israel they were broken. [§]
Lachen ke'echol kash leshon esh vachashash lehavah yirpeh sharshem kammak yihyeh u'fircham ka'avak ya'aleh ki ma'asu et torat Yahveh Tzevaot ve'et imrat Kedosh Yisrael ni'etsu.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ke'echol' means 'as (one) eats', 'kash' means 'sting', 'leshon' means 'tongue', 'esh' means 'fire', 'vachashash' means 'and hiss', 'lehavah' means 'to flame/of flame', 'yirpeh' means 'will heal', 'sharshem' means 'their roots', 'kammak' means 'like a stick', 'yihyeh' means 'it will be', 'u'fircham' means 'and its blossom', 'ka'avak' means 'like dust', 'ya'aleh' means 'will rise', 'ki' means 'because', 'ma'asu' means 'they despised', 'et' is the object marker, 'torat' means 'law of', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 've'et' means 'and', 'imrat' means 'word of', 'Kedosh' means 'holy', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'ni'etsu' means 'they were broken/humbled'.
[ISA.5.25] Therefore the anger of Yahveh was kindled against his people, and he stretched out his hand upon them and struck them, and the mountains quaked; and their waste became a heap in the midst of the outskirts. Through all this his anger did not turn back, and still his hand was stretched out. [§]
Al-ken chara af-Yahveh be'amo vayet yado alav vayakkehu vayirgehzu heharim vatehi nivlatam kassucha beqereb hutsozot bechol zot lo-shav apo veod yado netuya.
'Al-ken' means 'therefore', 'chara' means 'was angry', 'af-Yahveh' means 'the anger of Yahveh', 'be'amo' means 'in his people', 'vayet' means 'and he stretched', 'yado' means 'his hand', 'alav' means 'upon him', 'vayakkehu' means 'and struck him', 'vayirgehzu' means 'and the mountains quaked', 'heharim' means 'the mountains', 'vatehi' means 'and it became', 'nivlatam' means 'their waste', 'kassucha' means 'like a heap', 'beqereb' means 'in the midst', 'hutsozot' means 'of the outskirts', 'bechol zot' means 'through all this', 'lo-shav' means 'did not turn back', 'apo' means 'his anger', 'veod' means 'still', 'yado' means 'his hand', 'netuya' means 'stretched out'.
[ISA.5.26] And he will raise a banner to the nations from afar, and he will shine to them from the edge of the earth, and behold, soon a light will come. [§]
ve-nasa-nes lagoyim merachok ve-sharaq lo mikze haaretz ve-hineh mehera kal yavo.
've' means 'and', 'nasa-nes' means 'will raise a banner', 'lagoyim' means 'to the nations', 'merachok' means 'from afar', 've' again means 'and', 'sharaq' means 'will shine', 'lo' means 'to them', 'mikze' means 'from the edge', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 've' means 'and', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'mehera' means 'quickly' or 'soon', 'kal' means 'light', 'yavo' means 'will come'.
[ISA.5.27] There is no weariness and no sloth in him; he does not slumber and does not sleep; his belt of loins is not opened, and the strap of his sandals is not broken. [§]
Ein-a-yeif ve-ein-koshel bo lo yanum ve-lo yishan ve-lo niftach ezor chalatzav ve-lo nitak seroch ne'alav.
'Ein' means 'there is not', 'a-yeif' means 'weariness', 've-ein' means 'and there is not', 'koshel' means 'sloth' or 'laziness', 'bo' means 'in him/it', 'lo' means 'not', 'yanum' means 'to slumber', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yishan' means 'to sleep', 've-lo' again 'and not', 'niftach' means 'is opened', 'ezor' means 'belt' or 'girdle', 'chalatzav' means 'of his loins', 've-lo' again, 'nitak' means 'is broken', 'seroch' means 'strap' or 'thong', 'ne'alav' means 'of his sandals'.
[ISA.5.28] Who his halves are twins and all his bows are paths, the spreads of his horses are like a narrow thing, and his wheels are like a storm. [§]
asher chitzav shenunim vechol-kashtotav drukot parsot susav katsar nechsavu vegalgillav kassupah.
'asher' means 'who' or 'that which', 'chitzav' means 'his halves', 'shenunim' means 'twins' or 'pairs', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'kashtotav' means 'his bows' or 'his arrows', 'drukot' means 'paths' or 'roads', 'parsot' means 'spreads' or 'openings', 'susav' means 'his horses', 'katsar' means 'like a narrow thing' or 'like a tight strap', 'nechsavu' means 'were counted' or 'were weighed', 'vegalgillav' means 'and his wheels', 'kassupah' means 'like a storm' or 'like a whirlwind'.
[ISA.5.29] He/she cries out to him like a dog and reviles like goats, and they are poured out, and he/she holds the spoils, and scatters them, and there is no savior. [§]
Sheogah lo kallaviy vishag kakpirim veyinhem veyochez teref veyapelit veein matsil.
'Sheogah' means 'cry out' or 'shout', 'lo' means 'to him/her', 'kallaviy' means 'like a dog', 'vishag' means 'and revile' or 'mock', 'kakpirim' means 'like goats', 'veyinhem' means 'and they will be poured out', 'veyochez' means 'and he/she will hold', 'teref' means 'spoils' or 'prey', 'veypelit' means 'and will cast out' or 'scatter', 'veein' means 'and there is no', 'matsil' means 'savior' or 'rescuer'.
[ISA.5.30] And he will sigh upon him on that day like the roar of the sea, and he will look toward the earth, and behold darkness, a tightness and a light darkened in its burning. [§]
ve-yinhaam alav ba-yom ha-hu ke-nahamat yam ve-nibat la-aretz ve-hineh choshekh tsar va-or chashach ba-arifeha.
've' means 'and', 'yinhaam' means 'he will sigh' or 'moan', 'alav' means 'upon him', 'ba-yom' means 'in the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that (day)', 'ke-nahamat' means 'like the roar', 'yam' means 'sea', 've-nibat' means 'and will look toward', 'la-aretz' means 'to the earth', 've-hineh' means 'and behold', 'choshekh' means 'darkness', 'tsar' means 'tightness' or 'narrowness', 'va-or' means 'and light', 'chashach' means 'darkened', 'ba-arifeha' means 'in its burning' (its fire).
ISA.6
[ISA.6.1] In the year of the death of King Uzziah I saw my Lord sitting upon a lofty and exalted throne, and his dominions filled the temple. [§]
Bishnat-mot ha-melekh Uzziyah va-er'eh et-Adonai yoshev al-kise ram ve-nisa ve-shulav mele'im et-hahechal.
'Bishnat' means 'in the year of', 'mot' means 'death', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Uzziyah' is the name of King Uzziah, 'va-er'eh' means 'and I saw', 'et-Adonai' means 'my Lord' (the name Adonai rendered as my Lord), 'yoshev' means 'sitting', 'al' means 'upon', 'kise' means 'throne', 'ram' means 'high' or 'lofty', 've-nisa' means 'and exalted', 've-shulav' means 'and his dominions/rooms', 'mele'im' means 'filled', 'et-hahechal' means 'the temple'.
[ISA.6.2] The seraphim standing above him, each with six wings, each with six wings; with two they cover his face, with two they cover his feet, and with two they fly. [§]
Serafim omdim mimma'al lo shesh knafayim shesh knafayim le'echad bish'tayim yichase panav u'bish'tayim yichase raglav u'bish'tayim ye'ofef.
'Serafim' means 'the burning ones' (a class of heavenly beings); 'omdim' means 'standing'; 'mimmma'al' means 'from above' or 'above'; 'lo' means 'him'; 'shesh' means 'six'; 'knafayim' means 'wings'; the phrase 'shesh knafayim' is repeated for emphasis; 'le'echad' means 'to one' i.e., each one; 'bish'tayim' means 'with two'; 'yichase' means 'covers'; 'panav' means 'his face'; 'raglav' means 'his feet'; 'ye'ofef' means 'flies' or 'flutters'.
[ISA.6.3] And one called to another and said, Holy, holy, holy is Yahveh of hosts; the whole earth is filled with his glory. [§]
vekaRA zeh el-zeh ve'amar kaDOSH kaDOSH kaDOSH YahVEH tzeVAOT meLO kol haARETS keVODo.
'vekaRA' means 'and called', 'zeh' means 'this', 'el-zeh' means 'to this', 've'amar' means 'and said', 'kaDOSH' means 'holy', repeated three times for emphasis, 'YahVEH' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH, 'tzeVAOT' means 'hosts' (armies), 'meLO' means 'fills', 'kol' means 'the whole', 'haARETS' means 'earth', and 'keVODo' means 'his glory'.
[ISA.6.4] And the pillars of the columns shivered at the voice of the caller, and the house was filled with smoke. [§]
Vayanunu ammot ha-sippim mi-kol ha-kore veha-bayit yimale ashhan.
'Vayanunu' means 'and they staggered' or 'shivered', 'ammot' means 'pillars' or 'posts', 'ha-sippim' means 'the sieves' or 'the columns', 'mi-kol' means 'at the voice of', 'ha-kore' means 'the caller' or 'the one who summons', 'veha-bayit' means 'and the house', 'yimale' means 'will be filled', 'ashhan' means 'with smoke'.
[ISA.6.5] I said, woe to me, because I have become faint, because I am a man of impure lips, and within a people of impure lips I sit, because my eyes have seen the king Yahveh of hosts. [§]
Va'omar oy li ki nidmeiti ki ish tame-shfataim anochi uve'toch am tame-shfataim anochi yoshev ki et ha-melech Yahveh tzevaot ra'u einai.
'Va'omar' means 'I said', 'oy' means 'woe', 'li' means 'to me', 'ki' means 'because', 'nidmeiti' means 'I have become faint/weak', 'ki' means 'because', 'ish' means 'man', 'tame-shfataim' means 'impure-lipped', 'anochi' means 'I', 'uve'toch' means 'within', 'am' means 'people', 'tame-shfataim' means 'impure-lipped', 'anochi' means 'I', 'yoshev' means 'dwelling' or 'sitting', 'ki' means 'because', 'et' is the direct‑object marker (no English equivalent), 'ha-melech' means 'the king', 'Yahveh' means 'Yahveh', 'tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'ra'u' means 'saw', 'einai' means 'my eyes'.
[ISA.6.6] And one of the burning coals, in his hand a spoon, he took from the altar. [§]
vayya'af elai echad min hasharpim uvyado ritspah bmelkachim laqach me'al hamizbeach.
'vayya'af' means 'and it fluttered' or 'and it flew', 'elai' means 'to me', 'echad' means 'one', 'min' means 'from', 'hasharpim' means 'the burning ones' (embers), 'uvyado' means 'in his hand', 'ritspah' means 'a scraping tool' or 'a spoon', 'bmelkachim' means 'by two measures' (often understood as 'with two scoops'), 'laqach' means 'he took', 'me'al' means 'from upon' or 'off', 'hamizbeach' means 'the altar'.
[ISA.6.7] And he touched my mouth and said, Behold, this touches your lips, and your iniquity shall be removed, and your sin shall be atoned. [§]
Vayagga al-pi vayyoamer hineh naga ze al-sfatecha ve-sar avunekha ve-chattatecha tekhufar.
'Vayagga' means 'and he touched', 'al-pi' means 'on my mouth', 'vayyoamer' means 'and he said', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'naga' means 'he touched', 'ze' means 'this', 'al-sfatecha' means 'on your lips', 've-sar' means 'and (it) shall be removed', 'avunekha' means 'your iniquity', 've-chattatecha' means 'and your sin', 'tekhef ar' means 'shall be atoned'.
[ISA.6.8] And I heard the voice of my Lord saying, 'Who shall I send and who will go for us?' And I said, 'Behold, I am, send me.' [§]
Va eshma et kol Adonai omer et mi eshlach u mi yeilech lanu va omar hineni shlaheni.
'Va' means 'and', 'eshma' means 'I heard', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol' means 'voice', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'omer' means 'saying', 'et' again the object marker, 'mi' means 'who', 'eshlach' means 'shall I send', 'u' means 'and', 'mi' again 'who', 'yeilech' means 'will go', 'lanu' means 'for us', 'va' again 'and', 'omar' means 'I said', 'hineni' means 'here I am' or 'behold, I am', 'shlaheni' means 'send me'.
[ISA.6.9] And he said, Go and say to this people, Hear, listen, and do not understand, and see it, and do not know. [§]
Vayomer lekh veamarta laam hazeh shimu shamoa veal tavinu ureu ra'o veal tedu.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'lekh' means 'go', 'veamarta' means 'and you shall say', 'laam' means 'to the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'shimu' means 'hear', 'shamoa' means 'listen', 'veal' means 'and not', 'tavinu' means 'understand', 'ureu' means 'see', 'ra'o' means 'it', 'tedu' means 'know'.
[ISA.6.10] The heavy heart of this people and his ears heavy and his eyes dim lest he see with his eyes and hear with his ears, and his heart understand, return, and heal him. [§]
hashmen lev-haam ha-zeh ve'oznav hakved ve'einav hashah pen-yireh be'einav uve'oznav yishma ulevavo yavin vashav verafa lo.
'hashmen' means 'the heavy' (referring to a heavy or burdensome condition). 'lev-haam' means 'the heart of the people'. 'ha-zeh' means 'this'. 've'oznav' means 'and his ears'. 'hakved' means 'heavy' (describing the ears as heavy). 've'einav' means 'and his eyes'. 'hashah' means 'dim' or 'dull'. 'pen-yireh' is a conjunction meaning 'lest he sees'. 'be'einav' means 'in his eyes'. 'uve'oznav' means 'and in his ears'. 'yishma' means 'he hears'. 'ulevavo' means 'and his heart'. 'yavin' means 'he understands'. 'vashav' means 'and he returns' (or 'turns back'). 'verafa' means 'and he heals'. 'lo' means 'him'. No divine names appear in this verse, so no special translation rules are applied.
[ISA.6.11] I said, 'Until when, my Lord?' and he said, 'Until when cities are desolate without a dweller and houses without a man, and the land will become a waste.' [§]
va'omar ad matay adonai vayomer ad asher im shau arim me'ein yoshev u'batim me'ein adam veha'adamah tisha'eh shemamah.
'va'omar' means 'and I said', 'ad' means 'until', 'matay' means 'when', 'adonai' means 'my Lord', 'vayomer' means 'and he said', 'ad' (second occurrence) means 'until', 'asher' means 'that' or 'when', 'im' means 'if', 'shau' means 'they become desolate', 'arim' means 'cities', 'me'ein' means 'without' or 'from without', 'yoshev' means 'dweller', 'u'batim' means 'and houses', 'adam' means 'man', 'veha'adamah' means 'and the land', 'tisha'eh' means 'will become', 'shemamah' means 'desolation' or 'waste'.
[ISA.6.12] And Yahveh was far from the man, and great was the desolation in the midst of the earth. [§]
ve rihaq Yahveh et ha'adam ve rabbah ha'azuvah be-kerev haaretz
've' means 'and', 'rihaq' means 'far' or 'distance', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'et' is the accusative marker introducing the object, 'ha'adam' means 'the man' or 'human', 've' again means 'and', 'rabbah' means 'great' or 'much', 'ha'azuvah' means 'the desolation' or 'abandonment', 'be' means 'in', 'kerev' means 'midst' or 'heart', 'haaretz' means 'the earth'.
[ISA.6.13] And still in it a tenth, and she turned back, and it became a burning one like a goddess and like a ... which in the trembling standing in them holy seed her standing. [§]
veod bah asiriya veshava vehayetah levaher kaela vekaalon asher bishalket matzebet bam zera qodesh matsavtah.
'veod' means 'and still', 'bah' means 'in it' or 'in her', 'asiriya' is a form of the numeral meaning 'ten' or 'tenth', 'veshava' means 'and she turned back' or 'and she returned', 'vehayetah' means 'and it became' or 'and she became', 'levaher' means 'to burn' or 'to be burning', 'kaela' means 'like a goddess' (literally 'as a deity'), 'vekaalon' means 'and like a ...' (the word is obscure, rendered here as a comparative form), 'asher' means 'which' or 'that', 'bishalket' means 'in the ...' (the root suggests 'in the shaking' or 'in the trembling'), 'matzebet' means 'standing' or 'place of standing', 'bam' means 'in them', 'zera' means 'seed', 'qodesh' means 'holy', and 'matsavtah' means 'her standing' or 'her position'.
ISA.7
[ISA.7.1] And it happened in the days of Ahaz, son of Jotham, son of Uzziah, king of Judah, that Rezin, king of Aram, and Pekach son of Remal-yahu, king of Israel, came up against Jerusalem for war, and they could not fight against it. [§]
Vayhi bime Achaz ben Yotam ben Uzziyah melech Yehudah alah Retsin melech Aram u-Pekach ben Remal-yahu melech Yisrael Yerushalem lam milchamah aleiha velo yakol lehilachem aleiha.
'Vayhi' means 'and it happened', 'bime' means 'in the days of', 'Achaz' is the name Ahaz, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Yotam' is Jotham, 'Uzziyah' is Uzziah, 'melech' means 'king', 'Yehudah' is Judah, 'alah' means 'came up', 'Retsin' is Rezin, 'Aram' is Aram, 'u-Pekach' means 'and Pekach', 'Remal-yahu' is Remal-yahu, 'Yisrael' is Israel, 'Yerushalem' is Jerusalem, 'lam milchamah' means 'for war', 'aleiha' means 'against it', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yakol' means 'could', 'lehilachem' means 'to fight'.
[ISA.7.2] And it was reported to the house of David, saying, Aram has ceased against Ephraim, and it troubled his heart and the heart of his people like trees of the forest before the wind. [§]
Vayugad le'veit David le'emor naha Aram al-Ephrayim vayana le'vavo ulevav ammo ke'noa atzei-ya'ar mifnei ruach.
'Vayugad' means 'and it was reported'; 'le'veit' means 'to the house'; 'David' is the name David; 'le'emor' means 'to say'; 'naha' means 'has ceased' or 'has been quiet'; 'Aram' is the name Aram; 'al' means 'against' or 'over'; 'Ephrayim' is the name Ephraim; 'vayana' means 'and it turned' or 'distressed'; 'le'vavo' means 'his heart'; 'ulevav' means 'and the heart of'; 'ammo' means 'his people'; 'ke'noa' means 'like the motion of'; 'atzei' means 'trees of'; 'ya'ar' means 'the forest'; 'mifnei' means 'before' or 'in front of'; 'ruach' means 'wind'.
[ISA.7.3] Yahveh said to Isaiah, Go now, please, to meet Ahaz, you and the rest will return your son to the end of the upper pool's ascent to the way of the gathering field. [§]
vayomer Yahveh el Yeshayahu tze na likrat Ahaz attah ushar yashuv benkha el qetse tealot habrecha haelyona el mesilat sde qobes.
'vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yahveh' is the literal name for YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'Yeshayahu' means 'Isaiah', 'tze' means 'go out', 'na' is a polite particle meaning 'please', 'likrat' means 'to meet', 'Ahaz' is the name of the king, 'attah' means 'you', 'ushar' means 'and the rest', 'yashuv' means 'will return', 'benkha' means 'your son', 'el' means 'to', 'qetse' means 'the end', 'tealot' means 'the ascent' or 'raising', 'habrecha' means 'the pool', 'haelyona' means 'the upper', 'el' means 'to', 'mesilat' means 'the way', 'sde' means 'field', 'qobes' means 'gathering' (a place of harvest).
[ISA.7.4] And you shall say to him, Guard yourself and be quiet, do not fear, and your heart do not be loosened from the two tails of the thick ash ones these; choose also Retsin and Aram and the son of Remalya. [§]
ve'amarta elav hishamer vehashet al-tira ulebavkha al-yerah mishnei zanavot ha-udim ha-ashenim ha-elle bachori-af retzin va-aram uven-remalya
've'amarta' means 'and you shall say', 'elav' means 'to him', 'hishamer' means 'be careful' or 'guard yourself', 'vehashet' means 'and be quiet', 'al-tira' means 'do not fear', 'ulebavkha' means 'and your heart', 'al-yerah' means 'do not be loosened' or 'do not be faint', 'mishnei' means 'from the two', 'zanavot' means 'tails', 'ha-udim' means 'the thick' or 'the heavy', 'ha-ashenim' means 'the ash ones', 'ha-elle' means 'these', 'bachori-af' means 'choose also' or 'select also', 'retzin' is a proper name, 'va-aram' means 'and Aram', 'uven-remalya' means 'and the son of Remalya'.
[ISA.7.5] Because they have plotted against you, Aram is evil, Ephraim, and the son of Remaliah says. [§]
Ya'an ki-ya'atz alekha Aram ra'ah Ephraim u-ven-Remalyahu lemor.
'Ya'an' means 'because' or 'for'. 'ki-ya'atz' means 'because (they) have plotted' (ki = because, ya'atz = they plot). 'alekha' means 'against you' (ale = against, kha = you). 'Aram' is the name of the nation Aram. 'ra'ah' means 'evil' or 'bad'. 'Ephraim' is the name of the tribe Ephraim. 'u-ven-Remalyahu' means 'and the son of Remaliah' (u- = and, ben = son, Remalyahu = Remaliah). 'lemor' means 'to say' or 'says'.
[ISA.7.6] We will lift up in Judah and we will prick it and we will tear it off to us and we will anoint a king within it, the son of Taval. [§]
naaleh biYehudah unekitsenah uvanavkiennah eleinu venamlich melech betokhah et ben Taval
'naaleh' means 'we will lift up', 'biYehudah' means 'in Judah', 'unekitsenah' means 'and we will prick it', 'uvanavkiennah' means 'and we will tear it off', 'eleinu' means 'to us', 'venamlich' means 'and we will anoint', 'melech' means 'king', 'betokhah' means 'within it', 'et' is a grammatical marker with no translation, 'ben Taval' means 'son of Taval'.
[ISA.7.7] Thus says my Lord Yahveh: you shall not arise and you shall not be. [§]
Koh amar Adonai Yahveh lo takum velo tihyeh.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'lo' means 'not', 'takum' means 'you will arise', 'velo' means 'and not', 'tihyeh' means 'you will be'.
[ISA.7.8] Because the head of Aram is Damascus, and the head of Damascus is Rezin, and yet sixty and five years later Ephraim will be cut off from the people. [§]
ki rosh aram dammesek ve'rosh dammesek rezin uveod shishim vechamesh shana yechat efraim meam.
"ki" means "because", "rosh" means "head", "Aram" is the proper name Aram, "dammesek" means "Damascus", "ve'rosh" means "and head", "rezin" is the proper name Rezin, "uveod" means "and yet", "shishim" means "sixty", "vechamesh" means "and five", "shana" means "year", "yechat" means "will be cut off" (a verb indicating removal or loss), "efraim" is the proper name Ephraim, and "meam" means "from the people".
[ISA.7.9] And the head of Ephraim is Samaria, and the head of Samaria is Ben-Remalyahu; if you do not believe, that is because you will not trust. [§]
ve-rosh Ephraim shomron ve-rosh shomron ben-Remalyahu im lo ta'aminu ki lo te'amenenu.
've-rosh' means 'and the head', 'Ephraim' is the name of the tribe of Ephraim, 'shomron' means 'Samaria', 've-rosh' again means 'and the head', 'shomron' repeats the name Samaria, 'ben-Remalyahu' is a personal name meaning 'son of Remalyahu', 'im' means 'if', 'lo' means 'not', 'ta'aminu' means 'you will believe', 'ki' means 'that', 'lo' again means 'not', 'te'amenenu' means 'you will trust'.
[ISA.7.10] And Yahveh further spoke to Ahaz, saying. [§]
Vayosef Yahveh Daber El-Ahaz Leemor.
'Vayosef' means 'and he added', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Daber' means 'to speak', 'El-Ahaz' means 'to Ahaz', and 'Leemor' means 'to say'.
[ISA.7.11] Ask yourself a sign from the people Yahveh your God; the deep question or the raising upward. [§]
She'al lecha ot me'im Yahveh Eloheikha ha'amek she'alah o hagveha lema'alah.
'She'al' means 'ask', 'lecha' means 'for yourself' or 'to yourself', 'ot' means 'sign', 'me'im' means 'from the people', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Eloheikha' means 'your God' (singular), 'ha'amek' means 'the deep' or 'the profound', 'she'alah' means 'question' or 'inquiry', 'o' means 'or', 'hagveha' means 'the raising' or 'the increase', 'lema'alah' means 'upward' or 'to above'.
[ISA.7.12] And Ahaz said, I will not ask and I will not test Yahveh. [§]
Vayomer Ahaz lo-eshal ve-lo-anasse et Yahveh.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Ahaz' is the personal name Ahaz, 'lo' means 'not', 'esh'al' means 'I will ask' (future first person), 've-lo' means 'and not', 'anasse' means 'I will test' (future first person), 'et' is the accusative marker used before a proper name, 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[ISA.7.13] And he said, "Listen, please, O house of David, the few among you, the signs men, because you will also be brought low before my God." [§]
Vayomer shimu-na beit David ha-me'at mikem ha-la'ot anashim ki talu gam et-Elohai.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'shimu-na' means 'listen, please', 'beit David' means 'house of David', 'ha-me'at' means 'the few' or 'the small', 'mikem' means 'among you', 'ha-la'ot' is a difficult word in this context but is taken here as a noun meaning 'the signs' or 'the marks', 'anashim' means 'men', 'ki' means 'because', 'talu' means 'you will be exposed' or 'you will be brought low', 'gam' means 'also', 'et-Elohai' means 'my God' (Elohai = my God).
[ISA.7.14] Therefore my Lord will give you a sign: Behold the virgin is pregnant and will bear a son, and you shall call his name with us God. [§]
Lachen yitten Adonai hu lakhem ot hineh ha'almah harah veyoledet ben vekarat shemo Imannu El.
"Lachen" means "therefore"; "yitten" means "will give"; "Adonai" is the divine name and is rendered "my Lord"; "hu" means "he"; "lakhem" means "to you (plural)"; "ot" means "a sign"; "hineh" means "behold"; "ha'almah" means "the virgin"; "harah" means "is pregnant"; "veyoledet" means "and will bear"; "ben" means "a son"; "vekarat" means "and you shall call"; "shemo" means "his name"; "Imannu" means "with us"; "El" is the divine name rendered "God".
[ISA.7.15] Heat and honey he will eat; to his understanding he despises the evil and chooses the good. [§]
Chemah udevash yokhel ledaato maos barra u vachor battov.
'Chemah' means 'heat' or 'warmth', 'udevash' means 'and honey', 'yokhel' means 'he will eat', 'ledaato' means 'to his knowledge' (literally 'for his understanding'), 'maos' means 'despise' or 'reject', 'barra' means 'the evil', 'u' is the conjunction 'and', 'vachor' means 'he will choose', 'battov' means 'the good'.
[ISA.7.16] For before the young man knows evil and chooses good, the land that you have cut off will be abandoned because of its two kings. [§]
Ki be'terem yeda ha-na'ar ma'as ba-ra u'vachor ba-tov te'azev ha-adamah asher attah kats mipnei shnei melacheha.
'Ki' means 'For', 'be'terem' means 'before', 'yeda' means 'knows', 'ha-na'ar' means 'the youth' or 'the young man', 'ma'as' means 'evil' or 'bad', 'ba-ra' means 'in the evil', 'u'vachor' means 'and chooses', 'ba-tov' means 'the good', 'te'azev' means 'will be abandoned' or 'will be left', 'ha-adamah' means 'the land', 'asher' means 'that', 'attah' means 'you', 'kats' means 'cut' or 'cut off', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'shnei' means 'two', 'melacheha' means 'its kings'.
[ISA.7.17] Yahveh will bring upon you and upon your people and upon the house of your father days that have not yet come from the day Sur-Ephraim over Judah the king of Assyria. [§]
Yavia Yahveh alaycha ve'al ammekha ve'al beit avikha yamim asher lo-bahu lemi-yom sur-Ephraim me'al Yehudah et melekh Ashur.
'Yavia' means 'will bring', 'Yahveh' is the proper name for YHVH, 'alaycha' means 'upon you', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'ammekha' means 'your people', 'beit' means 'house', 'avikha' means 'your father', 'yamim' means 'days', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo-bahu' means 'have not come', 'lemi-yom' means 'from the day', 'sur' means 'turn' or a proper name here kept as 'Sur', 'Ephraim' is a tribe name, 'me'al' means 'from upon', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'et' is an object marker (no direct translation), 'melekh' means 'king', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria'.
[ISA.7.18] And it shall be in that day that Yahveh shall pour out on the wine which is at the end of the rivers of Egypt and on the honey which is in the land of Assyria. [§]
vehayah bayom hahu yishrok Yahveh laz'vuv asher biketze ye'orei Mitzrayim ve lad'bora asher be'eretz Ashur.
've' means 'and'; 'hayah' means 'it shall be'; 'bayom' means 'in the day'; 'hahu' means 'that'; 'yishrok' means 'shall be poured out' or 'shall flow'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH; 'laz'vuv' means 'on the wine'; 'asher' means 'that/which'; 'biketze' means 'at the end of'; 'ye'orei' means 'the rivers'; 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'; 've' means 'and'; 'lad'bora' means 'on the honey'; 'asher' means 'that/which'; 'be'eretz' means 'in the land of'; 'Ashur' means 'Assyria'.
[ISA.7.19] And they came and rested all in the daughters' inheritance and in the crevices of the rocks and in all the trembling ones and in all the wandering ones. [§]
uvau ve-nachu kullam be-nachalhei ha-batot u-venqikei ha-selaim u-bechol ha-naatzutsim u-bechol ha-nahalolim.
'uvau' means 'and they came', 've-nachu' means 'and they rested', 'kullam' means 'all of them', 'be-nachalhei' means 'in the inheritances of', 'ha-batot' means 'the daughters', 'u-venqikei' means 'and in the crevices of', 'ha-selaim' means 'the rocks', 'u-bechol' means 'and in all', 'ha-naatzutsim' means 'the trembling ones', 'u-bechol' again means 'and in all', 'ha-nahalolim' means 'the wandering ones'.
[ISA.7.20] On that day my Lord will shave the hair of the hired one across the river by the king of Assyria, the head and the hair of the feet, and also the beard you shall count. [§]
ba-yom ha-hu ye-gal-lach a-do-nai be-ta'ar ha-ski-ra be-eve-rei na-har b'melekh ashur et ha-rosh ve-sa'ar ha-rag-la-yim ve-gam et ha-za-kan ti-speh.
'ba-yom' means 'on the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 'ye-gal-lach' means 'will shave', 'a-do-nai' means 'my Lord' (the divine name Adonai), 'be-ta'ar' means 'in the shaving' or 'in the act of cutting hair', 'ha-ski-ra' means 'the hired one' (a hired worker), 'be-eve-rei' means 'across' or 'by the side of', 'na-har' means 'river', 'b'melekh' means 'by the king', 'ashur' means 'Assyria', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'ha-rosh' means 'the head', 've-sa'ar' means 'and the hair', 'ha-rag-la-yim' means 'of the feet', 've-gam' means 'also', 'ha-za-kan' means 'the beard', 'ti-speh' means 'you shall count' or 'you shall consider'.
[ISA.7.21] And it shall be in that day that a man shall revive a goat of the cattle and two sheep. [§]
ve-hayah ba-yom ha-hu yechai'-ish eglat bakar u'shtei tzon.
've' means 'and', 'hayah' means 'it will be', 'ba-yom' means 'in the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 'yechai'' means 'shall revive', 'ish' means 'man', 'eglat' means 'goat', 'bakar' means 'of cattle', 'u' means 'and', 'shtei' means 'two', 'tzon' means 'sheep'.
[ISA.7.22] And it shall be, from the abundance of milk he will eat butter, because butter and honey he will eat all that remains in the midst of the earth. [§]
Ve'hayah meirov asot chalav yo'chal chema'ah ki chema'ah udevash yo'chel kol hanotar bekerov haaretz.
'Ve'hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'meirov' means 'from the abundance', 'asot' means 'making' or 'producing', 'chalav' means 'milk', 'yo'chal' means 'he will eat', 'chema'ah' means 'butter', 'ki' means 'because', 'udemash' means 'and honey', 'yo'chel' means 'he will eat', 'kol hanotar' means 'all that remains', 'bekerov' means 'in the midst of', 'haaretz' means 'the earth'.
[ISA.7.23] And on that day, every place where it is shall have a thousand vines, a thousand silver, for the cypress and for the oak. [§]
vehayah bayom hahu yihyeh kol-makom asher yihyeh-sham eleph geffen be-elf kasef lashamir ve-lashayit yihyeh.
've' means 'and', 'hayah' means 'will be', 'bayom' means 'on the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'yihyeh' means 'will be', 'kol' means 'every' or 'all', 'makom' means 'place', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'yihyeh-sham' means 'will be there', 'eleph' means 'thousand', 'geffen' means 'vine', 'be-elf' means 'in a thousand', 'kasef' means 'silver', 'lashamir' means 'for the cypress', 've' means 'and', 'lashayit' means 'for the oak', 'yihyeh' means 'it will be'.
[ISA.7.24] Fragments and the bow will come there, because the hard stone and a net will be all the earth. [§]
Bachitsim uvaqeshet yavo shamah ki shamir vashayit tiheyeh kol haaretz.
'Bachitsim' means 'in the fragments' or 'among the broken pieces', 'uvaqeshet' means 'and in the bow' (the word qeshet can refer to a bow or a rainbow), 'yavo' means 'will come', 'shamah' means 'there', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'shamir' means 'hard stone' or 'sharp/strong substance', 'vashayit' means 'and a net' or 'and a snare' (derived from the root for netting), 'tiheyeh' means 'it will be', 'kol haaretz' means 'the whole earth' or 'all the earth'.
[ISA.7.25] And all the mountains that are in the sanctuary will be left; they will not go there, the fear of juniper and cedar, and it shall be for sending an ox and for plundering a goat. [§]
vechol heharim asher bamader yeaderun lo-tavo shamma yirat shamir vashait vehaya lemislach shor ulemir-mas seh
'vechol' means 'and all', 'heharim' means 'the mountains', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'bamader' means 'in the sanctuary/appointed place', 'yeaderun' means 'will be left' (plural), 'lo-tavo' means 'will not come', 'shamma' means 'there', 'yirat' means 'the fear of', 'shamir' means 'juniper', 'vashait' means 'and cedar', 'vehaya' means 'and it shall be', 'lemislach' means 'for a sending/dispatch', 'shor' means 'ox', 'ulemir-mas' means 'for plunder/robbery', 'seh' means 'a goat'.
ISA.8
[ISA.8.1] And Yahveh said to me, Take for yourself a great large sieve and write upon it in the carving of man to hasten the plunder quickly. [§]
Vayomer Yahveh elay qach lekha gillayon gadol uktov alav becheret enosh lemaher shalal hashbaz.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'elay' means 'to me', 'qach' means 'take', 'lekha' means 'for yourself', 'gillayon' means 'large sieve', 'gadol' means 'great', 'uktov' means 'and write', 'alav' means 'upon it', 'becheret' means 'in the carving', 'enosh' means 'of man', 'lemaher' means 'to hasten', 'shalal' means 'plunder', 'hashbaz' means 'quickly' or 'swiftly'.
[ISA.8.2] And I will give testimony, I bring faithful witnesses: Uriah the priest and Zechariah, son of Yevarekhiyahu. [§]
veoidah li edim neemanim et Uriyah haKohen ve'et Zecharyahu ben Yevarekhiyahu.
'veoidah' means 'and I will testify/give testimony', 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me', 'edim' means 'witnesses', 'neemanim' means 'faithful', 'et' is the direct‑object marker (no translation), 'Uriyah' is the personal name 'Uriah', 'haKohen' means 'the priest', 've'et' means 'and (the) ...', 'Zecharyahu' is the personal name 'Zechariah', 'ben' means 'son (of)', 'Yevarekhiyahu' is the personal name meaning 'Yahveh will bless'.
[ISA.8.3] And I approached the prophetess, and she conceived and gave birth to a son, and Yahveh said to me, Call his name Maher Shalal Hashbaz. [§]
Va'ekrav el-hannevi'ah vatahar vateled ben vayomer Yahveh elai kera shmo Maher Shalal Hashbaz.
'Va'ekrav' means 'and I approached', 'el' means 'to', 'ha-nevi'ah' means 'the prophetess', 'vatahar' means 'and she conceived', 'vateled' means 'and she bore', 'ben' means 'son', 'vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'kera' means 'call', 'shmo' means 'his name', 'Maher' means 'quick', 'Shalal' means 'to plunder', 'Hashbaz' means 'haste to the spoil'.
[ISA.8.4] For before the boy knows his father and his mother, he will carry the troops of Damascus and the spoil of Shemron before the king of Assyria. [§]
Ki be-terem ye-da ha-na'ar ke-ro a-vi ve-im-mi yi-sa et-chel dam-sek ve-et shel-al sho-me-ron li-fnei me-lek Ash-shur.
'Ki' means 'For', 'be-terem' means 'before', 'ye-da' means 'he knows', 'ha-na'ar' means 'the youth' or 'the boy', 'ke-ro' means 'will call' (imperative form used here as future), 'a-vi' means 'my father', 've-im-mi' means 'and my mother', 'yi-sa' means 'will carry' or 'will bear', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'chel' means 'troops' or 'host', 'dam-sek' means 'Damascus', 've-et' is another direct object marker, 'shel-al' means 'spoil' or 'plunder', 'sho-me-ron' means 'Shemron' (a place), 'li-fnei' means 'before' or 'in front of', 'me-lek' means 'king', 'Ash-shur' means 'Assyria'.
[ISA.8.5] And Yahveh added, speaking to me again, saying: [§]
Vayyosef Yahveh daber elai od leemor
'Vayyosef' means 'and he added' or 'and he continued', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'daber' means 'spoke' or 'said', 'elai' means 'to me', 'od' means 'again' or 'more', 'leemor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[ISA.8.6] Because that this people despised the waters of the sending, the walking ones for eating, and makes merry Retsin and the son of Ramal‑yahu. [§]
Ya'an ki ma'as ha'am hazzeh et mei hashilach haholkim le'at u-mesos et-Retsin u-ben-Ramal yahu.
'Ya'an' means 'because', 'ki' means 'that', 'ma'as' means 'hated' or 'despised', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'hazzeh' means 'this', 'et' is the direct‑object marker (often left untranslated), 'mei' means 'waters of', 'hashilach' means 'the sending' (from the verb shalach 'to send'), 'haholkim' means 'those who go' or 'the walking ones', 'le'at' means 'to eat' (literally 'for eating'), 'u-mesos' means 'and makes merry' (from mesos 'to rejoice'), 'et‑Retsin' is the name 'Retsin' with the direct‑object marker, 'u‑ben‑Ramal yahu' means 'and the son of Ramal‑yahu' (a personal name).
[ISA.8.7] Therefore, behold, my Lord will lift upon them the waters of the great and broad river, and the king of Assyria and all his glory; and he will go up on all his floodplains and walk on all his heights. [§]
Ve'lachen hineh Adonai ma'aleh aleihem et-mei hanahar ha'atzumim veha'rabbim et-Melech Ashur ve'et kol kavodo ve'alah al kol afikav vehalach al kol gedotav.
'Ve'lachen' means 'therefore', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'ma'aleh' means 'will raise' or 'will lift', 'aleihem' means 'upon them', 'et-mei' means 'the waters of', 'hanahar' means 'the river', 'ha'atzumim' means 'the great/mighty', 'veha'rabbim' means 'and the broad/widespread', 'et-Melech' means 'the king', 'Ashur' means 'of Assyria', 've'et' means 'and', 'kol' means 'all', 'kavodo' means 'his glory', 've'alah' means 'and will go up', 'al kol' means 'on all', 'afikav' means 'his floodplains or banks', 'vehalach' means 'and will walk', 'al kol' means 'on all', 'gedotav' means 'his borders or heights'.
[ISA.8.8] And he fled in Judah, he rushed and passed to the north, he will reach, and it will be winged like his wings, filling the breadth of your earth with us, God. [§]
ve-chalaf bi-yehudah shataf ve-avar ad-tzavar yaggi ve-hayah mutot ke-nafav melo rochav-artshecha imanu El.
've-chalaf' means 'and he fled', 'bi-yehudah' means 'in Judah', 'shataf' means 'he rushed/was swift', 've-avar' means 'and he passed', 'ad-tzavar' means 'to the north', 'yaggi' means 'he will reach', 've-hayah' means 'and it will be', 'mutot' means 'winged' or 'coverings', 'ke-nafav' means 'like his wings', 'melo' means 'full', 'rochav-artshecha' means 'the breadth of your earth', 'imanu' means 'with us', 'El' means 'God'.
[ISA.8.9] The nations shall wander and be destroyed, and hear all the distant places of the earth; they shall be gathered and be destroyed, they shall be gathered and be destroyed. [§]
ro-u amim va-hot-too ve-ha-azinu kol merchaqe-ee a-rets hit-azzru va-hot-too hit-azzru va-hot-too.
'ro-u' means 'they shall wander', 'amim' means 'nations', 'va-hot-too' means 'and they shall be cut down' or 'destroyed', 've-ha-azinu' means 'and hear', 'kol' means 'all', 'merchaqe-ee a-rets' is a construct phrase meaning 'the distant places of the earth', 'hit-azzru' means 'they shall be gathered' (reflexive form of 'gather'), and the phrase 'hit-azzru va-hot-too' is repeated for emphasis.
[ISA.8.10] Be strong in counsel and be broken; speak a word and it will not stand, because God is with us. [§]
Utsu etza vetuper dabru davar velo yakum ki imanu El.
'Utsu' means 'be strong', 'etza' means 'counsel', 'vetuper' means 'and be broken', 'dabru' means 'speak', 'davar' means 'a word', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yakum' means 'it will rise or stand', 'ki' means 'because', 'imanu' means 'with us', 'El' means 'God'.
[ISA.8.11] For thus said Yahveh to me, as the strength of the hand, and will restrain me from walking in the way of this people to say. [§]
Ki ko amar Yahveh elai kechezkat hayad ve yisrani milchet be derekh haam hazeh leemor.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus' or 'so', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'kechezkat' means 'as the strength of', 'hayad' means 'the hand', 've' means 'and', 'yisrani' means 'will restrain me', 'milchet' means 'from walking', 'be' means 'in', 'derekh' means 'the way', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'leemor' means 'to say'.
[ISA.8.12] Do not say 'hard' concerning all that this people say is hard, and do not fear its terror, and do not be arrogant. [§]
Lo-to'emrun kesher lechol asher-yoamar ha'am hazeh kesher ve-et-morawo lo-tira ve-lo-ta'aritsu.
'Lo' means 'not', 'to'emrun' means 'you will say', 'kesher' means 'hard' or 'difficult', 'lechol' means 'to all', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that which', 'yoamar' means 'will say', 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', the second 'kesher' repeats 'hard', 've-et' means 'and the', 'morawo' means 'its terror' (morah = terror, -wo = its), 'lo' means 'not', 'tira' means 'you will fear', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'ta'aritsu' means 'you will be bold/arrogant'.
[ISA.8.13] Sanctify Yahveh of hosts; he is your fear, and he is your counsel. [§]
et-Yahveh Tzevaot oto takkdishu vehu morachem vehu ma'aritzchem.
'et' is the direct object marker, 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' or 'armies', 'oto' means 'him', 'takkdishu' is the imperative plural meaning 'you shall sanctify', 'vehu' means 'and he', 'morachem' means 'your fear', and 'ma'aritzchem' means 'your counsel'.
[ISA.8.14] And it shall be for the sanctuary, for a corner stone, for a crushing rock, for the two houses of Israel, for a breach and for a snare, for the dweller of Jerusalem. [§]
vehayah le-mikdash u-le-even negef u-le-tzur mikshol li-shnei batei yisrael le-pach u-le-mokes le-yoshev yerushalem.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'le-mikdash' means 'for the sanctuary', 'u-le-even' means 'and for a stone', 'negef' means 'of a corner' (corner stone), 'u-le-tzur' means 'and for a rock', 'mikshol' means 'of crushing' (a crushing rock), 'li-shnei' means 'for the two', 'batei' means 'houses', 'yisrael' means 'of Israel', 'le-pach' means 'for a breach', 'u-le-mokes' means 'and for a snare', 'le-yoshev' means 'for the dweller', 'yerushalem' means 'of Jerusalem'.
[ISA.8.15] And many fell in them, and they fell, and they were broken, and they were crushed, and they were captured. [§]
ve-kashlu bam rabbim ve-naflū ve-nishberū ve-nokshū ve-nilkadū.
've' means 'and', 'kashlu' means 'they fell' or 'were cast down', 'bam' means 'in them' or 'against them', 'rabbim' means 'many', 've-naflū' means 'and they fell', 've-nishberū' means 'and they were broken', 've-nokshū' means 'and they were crushed', 've-nilkadū' means 'and they were captured'.
[ISA.8.16] Rock, a testimony, seal the law in my learning. [§]
Tzur te`udah chotem Torah be-limudai.
'Tzur' means 'rock', often used as a name for God. 'te`udah' means 'testimony' or 'proof'. 'chotem' is the verb 'to seal'. 'Torah' means 'law' or 'teaching'. 'be-limudai' means 'in my learning' or 'within my study'.
[ISA.8.17] And I have waited for Yahveh, who hides his face from the house of Jacob, and I have hoped for him. [§]
vekhikkiti laYahveh hamastir panav mibeit Yaakov vekeveiti lo
'vekhikkiti' means 'and I have waited', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'hamastir' means 'who hides', 'panav' means 'his face', 'mibeit' means 'from the house', 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob', 'vekeveiti' means 'and I have hoped', 'lo' means 'for him'.
[ISA.8.18] Behold, I and the children whom Yahveh has given me as signs and wonders in Israel, from Yahveh of Hosts who dwells on the mountain Zion. [§]
Hinneh anochi ve-hayladim asher natan-li Yahveh le-otot u-le-moftehim be-Yisrael me-im Yahveh Tzevaot hashokhen be-har Tziyon.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold', 'anochi' means 'I', 've-hayladim' means 'and the children', 'asher' means 'that' or 'who', 'natan-li' means 'gave me' or 'has given me', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'le-otot' means 'for signs', 'u-le-moftehim' means 'and for wonders', 'be-Yisrael' means 'in Israel', 'me-im' means 'from the', 'Yahveh Tzevaot' means 'Yahveh of Hosts', 'hashokhen' means 'who dwells', 'be-har' means 'on the mountain', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion'.
[ISA.8.19] And if they say to you, 'Seek the fathers and the learned, the observers and the agitators—Is not a people who seeks his the Gods on behalf of the living to the dead?' [§]
Vechi-yoamru aleikhem dirshu el-haavot ve'el-hayyiddonim hametzapetzefim vehamahgim halo- am el-elohav yidrosh be'ad hachayyim el-hamemetim.
'Vechi' means 'and if', 'yoamru' means 'they will say', 'aleikhem' means 'to you (plural)', 'dirshu' means 'seek (imperative plural)', 'el' means 'toward', 'haavot' means 'the fathers', 've'el' means 'and toward', 'hayyiddonim' means 'the knowledgeable (learned ones)', 'hametzapetzefim' means 'the watchers/observers', 'vehamahgim' means 'the agitators', 'halo' means 'is not', 'am' means 'a people', 'el' means 'to/for', 'elohav' means 'his the Gods', 'yidrosh' means 'will seek', 'be'ad' means 'on behalf of', 'hachayyim' means 'the living', 'el' means 'to', 'hamemetim' means 'the dead'.
[ISA.8.20] To instruction and to testimony, if they do not say this matter which has no dawn. [§]
le-torah ve-li-te'udah im lo yo'ameru ka-davar ha-zeh asher ein lo shahar.
'le-torah' means 'to instruction', 've-li-te'udah' means 'and to testimony', 'im lo' means 'if not', 'yo'ameru' means 'they will say', 'ka-davar' means 'as the matter', 'ha-zeh' means 'this', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'lo' means 'to it/his', 'shahar' means 'dawn'.
[ISA.8.21] And he will pass through it, will be bound and hungry, and it will be that he will be hungry, become angry, curse his king and his God, and turn upward. [§]
veaver bah niksheh veraev vehaya ki yirav vehitkatzef ve'kilél b'malko uve'elohav upanah lema'alah
'veaver' means 'and will pass', 'bah' means 'through it', 'niksheh' means 'will be bound', 'veraev' means 'and hungry', 'vehaya' means 'and it will be', 'ki' means 'that', 'yirav' means 'he will be hungry', 'vehitkatzef' means 'and will become angry', 'vekilél' means 'and will curse', 'b'malko' means 'his king', 'uve'elohav' means 'his God' (using the literal sense of 'Elohim' as 'the Gods' but in singular possessive as 'his God'), 'upanah' means 'and will turn', 'lema'alah' means 'upward' or 'to the top'.
[ISA.8.22] And to the earth he looks, and behold, distress and darkness, a smoldering furnace and deep gloom. [§]
ve'el-eretz yabbit ve'hineh tsarah vachashecha meuf tsuka v'apela menudach.
've' means 'and', 'el-eretz' means 'to the earth', 'yabbit' means 'he looks' or 'will look', 've' again means 'and', 'hineh' means 'behold' or 'see', 'tsarah' means 'distress' or 'hardship', 'vachashecha' means 'and darkness', 'meuf' means 'smoldering' or 'stoked', 'tsuka' means 'furnace', 'v'apela' means 'and deep gloom', 'menudach' means 'deep' or 'profound'.
[ISA.8.23] Because there is no refuge for the one who has been cast for her, as at the first time the land of Zebulun was light and the land of Naphtali was light, and the latter was heavy; the way of the sea, crossing the Jordan, the region of the nations. [§]
Kii lo mu'af la'ashér mu'tsak lah ka'et harishon hekal artza Zebulun ve'artza Naftali vehaha'acharon hi'kbid derech hayam ever hayarden galil hagoyim.
'Kii' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'mu'af' means 'refuge' or 'safety', 'la'ashér' means 'for the one who', 'mu'tsak' means 'has been cast' or 'thrown', 'lah' means 'to her' or 'for her', 'ka'et' means 'as at the time of', 'harishon' means 'the first', 'hekal' means 'was light' or 'was easy', 'artza' means 'land of', 'Zebulun' is a place name, 've' means 'and', 'Naftali' is another place name, 'vehaha'acharon' means 'and the latter', 'hi'kbid' means 'was heavy', 'derech' means 'way' or 'road', 'hayam' means 'the sea', 'ever' means 'crossing' or 'passage', 'hayarden' means 'the Jordan', 'galil' means 'region' or 'district', 'hagoyim' means 'of the nations'.
ISA.9
[ISA.9.1] The people who walk in darkness saw a great light; the inhabitants of the land of death, a light shone upon them. [§]
Ha'am ha-holchim ba-choshech ra'u or gadol yoshevei be-aretz tzal-mavet or nagah aleyhem.
'Ha'am' means 'the people', 'ha-holchim' means 'the walking' or 'who walk', 'ba-choshech' means 'in darkness', 'ra'u' means 'they saw', 'or' means 'light', 'gadol' means 'great', 'yoshevei' means 'inhabitants of', 'be-aretz' means 'in the land', 'tzal-mavet' means 'dead' or 'of death', 'or' again means 'light', 'nagah' means 'shone' or 'flashed', 'aleyhem' means 'upon them'.
[ISA.9.2] You increased the nation, you did not make the joy great; they rejoiced before you as the joy of the harvest, as those who rejoice in their share of booty. [§]
hirbita haggoy lo higdalta hasimcha samchu lefanekha keshimchat bakatzir kaasher yagilu bechalkam shalal.
'hirbita' means 'you increased', 'haggoy' means 'the nation', 'lo' means 'not', 'higdalta' means 'you made great', 'hasimcha' means 'the joy', 'samchu' means 'they rejoiced', 'lefanekha' means 'before you', 'keshimchat' means 'as the joy of', 'bakatzir' means 'the harvest', 'kaasher' means 'as', 'yagilu' means 'they will rejoice', 'bechalkam' means 'in their share', 'shalal' means 'booty'.
[ISA.9.3] For the [burden] his stumbling and the staff of his shame, the rod that cuts in it, the cutting as the day of Midian. [§]
Ki et ol sublo ve'et matte shikmo shevet hanogesh bo hachitot keyom midyan.
'Ki' means 'for', 'et' is the direct‑object marker (no English word), 'ol' is a noun of uncertain meaning here, possibly 'burden' or 'offering', 'sublo' means 'his stumbling' (from the root that means 'to stumble'), 've'et' means 'and (the)', 'matte' means 'staff' or 'rod', 'shikmo' means 'his shame', 'shevet' means 'rod, scepter, tribe', 'hanogesh' means 'the one that cuts' (from the root 'nagash' = 'to cut off'), 'bo' means 'in it', 'hachitot' means 'the cutting' or 'the incision', 'keyom' means 'as day' or 'like a day', and 'midyan' is the proper name 'Midian'.
[ISA.9.4] For all woe wails in noise, and the garment streaked with blood, and it became food for burning fire. [§]
Ki kol-se'on so'en be-ra'ash ve-shimlah mego'lalah be-damim ve-hayetah li-shrepha ma'akholeth esh.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'kol' means 'all', 'se'on' means 'woe' or 'distress', 'so'en' means 'shouts' or 'wails', 'be-ra'ash' means 'in noise', 've' means 'and', 'shimlah' means 'garment', 'mego'lalah' means 'spilled' or 'streaked', 'be-damim' means 'with blood', 've-hayetah' means 'and it became', 'li-shrepha' means 'for burning', 'ma'akholeth' means 'food', 'esh' means 'fire'.
[ISA.9.5] For a child is born to us, a son is given to us; and the government will be upon his shoulder; and his name will be called Wonderful Counselor, God Mighty, Everlasting Father, Prince of Peace. [§]
Ki-yeled yullad-lanu ben nattan-lanu vatehi ha-mis'ra al shichmo vayikra shmo Pelea Yo'etz El Gibor Avi'ad Sar Shalom.
'Ki' means 'for', 'yeled' means 'child', 'yullad' means 'is born', 'lanu' means 'to us', 'ben' means 'son', 'nattan' means 'given', 'vatehi' means 'and it will be', 'ha-mis'ra' means 'the rule/government', 'al' means 'upon', 'shichmo' means 'his shoulder', 'vayikra' means 'and he called', 'shmo' means 'his name', 'Pelea' means 'wonderful', 'Yo'etz' means 'counselor', 'El' is the divine name translated as 'God', 'Gibor' means 'mighty', 'Avi' means 'father', 'ad' means 'everlasting', together 'Avi'ad' means 'Everlasting Father', 'Sar' means 'prince', 'Shalom' means 'peace'.
[ISA.9.6] For an increase of abundance and for peace there is no end on the throne of David and on his kingdom, to prepare it and to establish it in judgment and in righteousness from now and forever; the jealousy of Yahveh of hosts will do this. [§]
lemarbeh hamisra uleshalom ein-kez al-kise David ve'al-mamlakhto le'hahin otah ulesa'adah bemishpat ubitzdakah meatah ve'ad olam kinat Yahveh tzevaot ta'aseh zot.
'lemarbeh' means 'for an increase', 'hamisra' means 'of the abundance', 'uleshalom' means 'and for peace', 'ein-kez' means 'there is no end', 'al-kise' means 'on the throne', 'David' is the name of the king, 've'al-mamlakhto' means 'and on his kingdom', 'le'hahin' means 'to prepare', 'otah' means 'it', 'ulesa'adah' means 'and to establish', 'bemishpat' means 'in judgment', 'ubitzdakah' means 'and in righteousness', 'meatah' means 'from now', 've'ad olam' means 'and forever', 'kinat' means 'jealousy' or 'zeal', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts', and 'ta'aseh zot' means 'will do this'.
[ISA.9.7] A word that my Lord sent against Jacob, and it fell upon Israel. [§]
Davar shalach Adonai beYaakov venafal beYisrael.
'Davar' means 'word' or 'matter', 'shalach' means 'sent' or 'sent forth', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'beYaakov' means 'in (or against) Jacob', 've' means 'and', 'nafal' means 'fell' or 'came upon', 'beYisrael' means 'in (or upon) Israel'.
[ISA.9.8] And let the whole people know, Ephraim and the dweller of Samaria, with pride and with great heart, saying: [§]
ve-yad'u ha-am kulo Ephraim ve-yoshev Shomron be-ga'avah uve-godel levam le'emor.
've-yad'u' means 'and they will know', 'ha-am' means 'the people', 'kulo' means 'all' or 'the whole', 'Ephraim' is a proper name, 've-yoshev' means 'and the dweller', 'Shomron' means 'Samaria', 'be-ga'avah' means 'with pride', 'uve-godel' means 'and with great', 'levam' means 'their heart', 'le'emor' means 'to say' or 'saying'.
[ISA.9.9] Bricks have fallen and the reed shall be built, stubble have been trampled and cedars shall be cut down. [§]
Leve-nim nafalu ve-gazit nivneh shikim gudadu ve-arazim nachalif.
'Leve-nim' means 'bricks', 'nafalu' means 'have fallen', 've-gazit' means 'and the reed', 'nivneh' means 'shall be built', 'shikim' means 'stubble' or 'grass stalks', 'gudadu' means 'have been trampled', 've-arazim' means 'and cedars', 'nachalif' means 'shall be cut down'.
[ISA.9.10] And Yahveh strengthened the foes of Retsin against him, and will crush his enemies. [§]
Vayshagev Yahveh et tzarei Retsin alav ve-et oyevav yesaskesh.
'Vayshagev' means 'and (He) strengthened', 'Yahveh' is the literal name for YHVH, 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'tzarei' means 'the foes' (plural of 'enemy'), 'Retsin' is a proper name (a place or person), 'alav' means 'against him', 've-et' means 'and (the) ', 'oyevav' means 'his enemies', 'yesaskesh' means 'will crush' or 'will subdue'.
[ISA.9.11] Aram from the east and the Philistines from the west devoured Israel with every mouth; yet his anger did not turn and his hand was still outstretched. [§]
Aram miqedem u-Phelishtim me'achor vayochlu et Yisrael bechol peh bechol zot lo-shav apo ve-od yado netuyah.
'Aram' refers to the region of Aram (Syria). 'miqedem' means 'from the east'. 'u-Phelishtim' means 'and the Philistines'. 'me'achor' means 'from the west'. 'vayochlu' means 'and they ate/devoured'. 'et Yisrael' means 'Israel'. 'bechol peh' means 'with every mouth' (i.e., fully, completely). 'bechol zot' means 'through all this' or 'in all of this'. 'lo-shav' means 'did not turn/stop'. 'apo' means 'his anger' (referring to God’s anger). 've-od' means 'and still'. 'yado' means 'his hand'. 'netuyah' means 'stretched out' or 'raised'.
[ISA.9.12] And the people did not turn back until the smiter, and they did not seek Yahveh of hosts. [§]
vehaam lo shav ad hamakkehu veet Yahveh tzevaot lo darshu.
'vehaam' means 'and the people', 'lo' means 'not', 'shav' means 'return' or 'turn back', 'ad' means 'until', 'hamakkehu' means 'the one who struck him' (the smiter), 'veet' is the object marker often rendered as 'and', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts' (armies), so 'Yahveh of hosts' = Yahveh of the armies, the second 'lo' means 'not', and 'darshu' means 'they inquired' or 'they sought'.
[ISA.9.13] And Yahveh cut off from Israel head and tail, fold and covering, one day. [§]
Vayakret Yahveh miYisrael rosh vezenav kippa veagmon yom echad.
'Vayakret' means 'and cut off', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'miYisrael' means 'from Israel', 'rosh' means 'head', 'vezenav' means 'and tail', 'kippa' means 'fold' or 'lap', 'veagmon' means 'and a covering' (a shawl or cloak), 'yom' means 'day', 'echad' means 'one'.
[ISA.9.14] An old man and the one who lifts his face, he is the head, and a prophet who teaches falsehood, he is the tail. [§]
Zaken u'nesu'a-panim hu ha-rosh ve'navi moreh-sekher hu ha-zenav.
'Zaken' means 'old man', 'u' means 'and', 'nesu'a-panim' means 'one who lifts his face' or 'facing upward', 'hu' means 'he', 'ha-rosh' means 'the head', 've' means 'and', 'navi' means 'prophet', 'moreh' means 'teacher', 'sekher' means 'falsehood' or 'lie', 'hu' again means 'he', 'ha-zenav' means 'the tail'.
[ISA.9.15] And they were the happy ones of this people, delightful, and its blessed ones are cursed. [§]
Vayihyu meashrei haam hazeh mateim umeusharav mebulim.
'Vayihyu' means 'and they were', 'meashrei' means 'the happy ones of', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'mateim' means 'delighting', 'umeusharav' means 'and its blessed ones', 'mebulim' means 'cursed'.
[ISA.9.16] Therefore, concerning his youths my Lord will not rejoice; and he will not have compassion for his orphans and his widows, because he is wholly harsh and evil, and every mouth that speaks folly. In all this his anger is not turned back, and his hand is still stretched out. [§]
Al-ken al-bachurav lo yismach Adonai ve-et yetomav ve-et almenotav lo yerachem ki kulo chanef umera ve-khol peh dober nevala be-khol zot lo shav apo ve-od yado netuya.
'Al-ken' means 'therefore', 'al-bachurav' means 'concerning his youths', 'lo yismach' means 'will not rejoice', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 've-et yetomav' means 'and his orphans', 've-et almenotav' means 'and his widows', 'lo yerachem' means 'will not have compassion', 'ki kulo' means 'for he is wholly', 'chanef' means 'harsh', 'umera' means 'and evil', 've-khol peh dober nevala' means 'and every mouth that speaks folly', 'be-khol zot' means 'in all this', 'lo shav apo' means 'his anger is not turned back', 've-od yado netuya' means 'and his hand is still stretched out'.
[ISA.9.17] Because it burned like a fire of wickedness, Shamir and Vashayit ate, and it spread in the forest thickets, and the pride of smoke wept. [§]
ki baarah kaesh risha shamir vashayit tokhel vatzat besivke hayar vayitabechu geut ash an.
'ki' means 'because', 'baarah' means 'it burned', 'kaesh' means 'like fire', 'risha' means 'wicked', 'shamir' is a proper name (or can mean 'hard stone'), 'vashayit' is a proper name (or compound meaning 'and shawit'), 'tokhel' means 'they ate', 'vatzat' means 'and it spread', 'besivke' means 'in the thickets', 'hayar' means 'the forest', 'vayitabechu' means 'they wept', 'geut' means 'pride', 'ash' means 'smoke', 'an' means 'of'.
[ISA.9.18] When Yahveh of hosts crossed, the earth was shaken, and the people were like a fire‑eater; each man to his brother showed no compassion. [§]
Be'evrat Yahveh Tzevaot ne'attam aretz vayhi haam ke ma'akoleth esh ish el achiv lo yachmol.
'Be'evrat' means 'in the crossing' (from the root 'ever' to cross), 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'Tzevaot' means 'of hosts', 'ne'attam' means 'was shaken' or 'was struck', 'aretz' means 'the earth', 'vayhi' means 'and it was', 'haam' means 'the people', 'ke' means 'like', 'ma'akoleth' means 'eater' (from 'akol' to eat), 'esh' means 'fire', 'ish' means 'a man', 'el' means 'to', 'achiv' means 'his brother', 'lo' means 'not', 'yachmol' means 'they will have compassion'.
[ISA.9.19] And he cut on the right and was hungry, and he ate on the left and they were not satisfied; a man in the flesh of his arm will eat. [§]
vayigzor al-yamin veraev vayokhal al-smol velo savu ish be-sar-zer'o yokhelu.
'vayigzor' means 'and he/she cut/drew', 'al-yamin' means 'on the right', 'veraev' means 'and [he] was hungry', 'vayokhal' means 'and [he] ate', 'al-smol' means 'on the left', 'velo' means 'and not', 'savu' means 'were satisfied', 'ish' means 'a man', 'be-sar-zer'o' means 'in the flesh of his arm', 'yokhelu' means 'they will eat'.
[ISA.9.20] Menashe to Ephraim and Ephraim to Menashe together; they are over Judah. Throughout all this his anger has not turned back, and yet his hand is extended. [§]
Menashé et-Ephraim veEphraim et-Menashé yachdav hemmah al-Yehudah bechol zot lo-shav apo ve-od yado netuya.
'Menashé' is a proper name, one of Jacob's sons; 'et' is a direct‑object marker and is not translated; 'Ephraim' is another proper name, a tribe of Israel; 've' means 'and'; the second occurrence of 'Ephraim' repeats the name; another 'et' again marks the following object; the second 'Menashé' repeats the name; 'yachdav' means 'together'; 'hemmah' (they) refers to the two tribes; 'al' means 'over' or 'against'; 'Yehudah' is the tribe of Judah; 'bechol' means 'in all' or 'throughout'; 'zot' means 'this'; 'lo' means 'not'; 'shav' means 'turned back' or 'receded'; 'apo' is 'his anger' (ap = anger, -o his); 'veod' means 'and yet' or 'still'; 'yado' is 'his hand'; 'netuya' means 'stretched out' or 'extended'.
ISA.10
[ISA.10.1] Woe to the lawmakers, the makers of iniquitous statutes, who write vanity as if it were law. [§]
Hoy hachokkim chikkei avon u-mektabim amal kitevU.
'Hoy' means 'woe'; 'hachokkim' means 'the lawmakers' or 'those who enact statutes'; 'chikkei avon' means 'laws of iniquity' (avon = iniquity, guilt); 'u-mektabim' means 'and they write' (mektav = write, with the plural participle); 'amal' means 'burden', 'trouble', or 'vanity'; 'kitevU' means 'they write' or 'they set down as law'.
[ISA.10.2] To pervert judgment of the poor and to plunder the judgment of the needy of my people, that they become widows of their spoil, and they will despise the orphans. [§]
Lehattot midin dalim velegzol mishpat aniyyei ami lihyot almanot shelam ve'et-yetomim yavzu.
'Lehattot' means 'to pervert', 'midin' means 'judgment', 'dalim' means 'poor', 'velegzol' means 'and to plunder', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'aniyyei' means 'of the needy', 'ami' means 'my people', 'lihyot' means 'to become', 'almanot' means 'widows', 'shelam' means 'their spoil', 've'et-yetomim' means 'and the orphans', 'yavzu' means 'they will despise'.
[ISA.10.3] And what will you do for the day of visitation and for the hearing from afar? Upon whom will you flee for help, and then will you abandon your glory? [§]
Uma ta'asu le-yom pekudah u-le-shoa mi-merachak tavo al-mi tanusu le-ezra ve-ana ta'azvu kevodchem.
'Uma' means 'and what', 'ta'asu' means 'will you do', 'le-yom' means 'for the day', 'pekudah' means 'visitation', 'u-le-shoa' means 'and for the hearing', 'mi-merachak' means 'from afar', 'tavo' means 'you will come', 'al-mi' means 'upon whom', 'tanusu' means 'will you flee', 'le-ezra' means 'for help', 've-ana' means 'and then', 'ta'azvu' means 'you will abandon', 'kevodchem' means 'your glory'.
[ISA.10.4] Without bending, under the prison and under the slain they will fall; in all this his anger did not turn back, and his hand is still stretched out. [§]
Bilti kara tahat assir ve-tahat harugim yippolu bechol zot lo-shav apo ve-od yado netuya.
'Bilti' means 'without', 'kara' (lit. 'bent') means 'bending', 'tahat' means 'under', 'assir' means 'prison', 've-tahat' means 'and under', 'harugim' means 'the slain', 'yippolu' means 'they will fall', 'bechol' means 'in all', 'zot' means 'this', 'lo-shav' means 'did not turn back', 'apo' means 'his anger', 've-od' means 'and still', 'yado' means 'his hand', 'netuya' means 'is stretched out'.
[ISA.10.5] Woe to Assur, the scepter of my pride, and his staff—my wrath is in their hand. [§]
Hoy Ashur shevet afi u-matteh-hu be'yadam za'omi.
'Hoy' means 'Woe', 'Ashur' is the name of the Assyrian nation, 'shevet' means 'staff' or 'scepter', 'afi' means 'my nose' (used idiomatically for 'my pride'), 'u-matteh-hu' means 'and his staff', 'be'yadam' means 'in their hand', 'za'omi' means 'my wrath'.
[ISA.10.6] In a lowly nation I will send him, and upon the people of my transgression I will command him to plunder, to waste, and to make him a heap of broken clay. [§]
Be-goy chaneph ashallacheinu ve'al-am evrati atzavenno lishlol shalal ve-lavoz baz ulesimo mirmas kechomer chutsoot.
'Be-goy' means 'in a nation', 'chaneph' means 'lowly' or 'humble', 'ashallacheinu' means 'I will send him', 've'al-am' means 'and upon a people', 'evrati' means 'my transgression' (here used as 'people of my iniquity'), 'atzavenno' means 'I will command him', 'lishlol' means 'to plunder', 'shalal' means 'plunder' (as noun), 've-lavoz' means 'and to waste/spoil', 'baz' means 'uselessness' or 'waste', 'ulesimo' means 'to make him', 'mirmas' means 'broken pieces', 'kechomer' means 'like clay', and 'chutsoot' means 'outside' or 'shattered'.
[ISA.10.7] And he does not think so, and his heart does not think so, because to destroy in his heart and to cut off nations is not a small thing. [§]
vehu lo ken yedameh ulevavo lo ken yachshov ki lehashmid b'levavo ulehachrit goyim lo me'at.
'vehu' means 'and he', 'lo ken' means 'not so' (lit. 'not like that'), 'yedameh' means 'will shed blood', 'ulevavo' means 'and his heart', the second 'lo ken' repeats 'not so', 'yachshov' means 'will think', 'ki' means 'because', 'lehashmid' means 'to destroy', 'b'levavo' means 'in his heart', 'ulehachrit' means 'to cut off', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'lo' means 'not', 'me'at' means 'a little' or 'small'. The phrase 'lo me'at' is an idiom meaning 'not a little' i.e., 'a great amount'.
[ISA.10.8] For he will say, 'Are not my princes also kings?' [§]
Ki yomar halo sarai yachdav melachim.
Ki means 'for' or 'because', yomar means 'he will say', halo is a rhetorical particle meaning 'surely not?' or 'is not', sarai means 'my princes' (sar = prince + my), yachdav means 'together' or 'also', melachim means 'kings' (plural).
[ISA.10.9] Is it not like a bitter herb of the field, like a calf; if not like a furnace’s heat, if not like a scorching fire of Samaria? [§]
halo kecharkemish kallno im lo kearpad chamat im lo kedamesek shomron.
"halo" means "is not" or a rhetorical "behold"; "kecharkemish" is interpreted as a poetic compound meaning "like a bitter herb" (khar = bitter, kemish = herb); "kallno" likely refers to "the calf" (kal = calf, with a suffix); "im lo" means "if not"; "kearpad" means "like a furnace" (arpad = furnace); "chamat" means "heat"; "kedamesek" is taken as "like a scorching fire" (damesek = scorching); "shomron" is the place name Samaria. The verse strings together a series of rhetorical comparisons, asking whether something fails to be like these intense or notable things.
[ISA.10.10] As my hand has found the kingdoms of the foolish and their trivialities from Jerusalem and from Samaria. [§]
ka'asher matze'ah yadi lemamlekhot ha'elil u'psileihem mirushalayim u'mishomron.
'ka'asher' means 'as', 'matze'ah' means 'found' (literally 'has found'), 'yadi' means 'my hand', 'lemamlekhot' means 'to the kingdoms', 'ha'elil' means 'the foolish', 'u'psileihem' means 'and their trivialities/worthless things', 'mirushalayim' means 'from Jerusalem', 'u'mishomron' means 'and from Samaria'.
[ISA.10.11] Is it not as I did to Samaria and to its contempt, so shall I do to Jerusalem and to its sorrow. [§]
Halo ka'aser asiti leShomron ve'le'eliyeha ken e'ese liYerushalayim ve'la'atzabeyha.
'Halo' means 'Is it not', 'ka'aser' means 'as', 'asiti' means 'I did', 'leShomron' means 'to Samaria', 've'le'eliyeha' means 'and to its contempt/mockery', 'ken' means 'so', 'e'ese' means 'I will do', 'liYerushalayim' means 'to Jerusalem', 've'la'atzabeyha' means 'and to its sorrow/affliction'.
[ISA.10.12] And it shall be when my Lord finishes all his work on Mount Zion and in Jerusalem I will watch over the fruit of great heart of the king of Assyria and over the splendor of his lofty eyes. [§]
Ve-hayah ki-yevatsa Adonai et kol ma'asehu beHar Tziyon u-virushalayim efkod al peri-godel levav melekh Ashur ve-al tipa'eret rum einav.
'Ve-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ki' means 'when', 'yevatsa' means 'finishes' or 'accomplishes', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'ma'asehu' means 'his work', 'beHar Tziyon' means 'on Mount Zion', 'u-virushalayim' means 'and in Jerusalem', 'efkod' means 'I will watch' or 'I will keep watch', 'al' means 'over', 'peri' means 'fruit', 'godel' means 'greatness' or 'magnificence', 'levav' means 'heart', 'melekh Ashur' means 'king of Assyria', 've-al' means 'and over', 'tipa'eret' means 'splendor' or 'glory', 'rum' means 'high' or 'lofty', 'einav' means 'his eyes'.
[ISA.10.13] For he said, by the strength of my hand I have made, and with my wisdom because I am skilful, and I will seize the borders of peoples and their fortified places, I will cause them to sink, and I will bring down the mighty ones who sit. [§]
ki amar bechoach yadi asiti uvechokhmati ki nevunoti ve'asir gevulot amim va'tidoteyhem shoseti ve'orid ka'avir yoshevim.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'amar' means 'he said', 'bechoach' means 'by strength', 'yadi' means 'my hand', 'asiti' means 'I have made', 'uvechokhmati' means 'and with my wisdom', 'ki' means 'because', 'nevunoti' means 'I am skilful', 've'asir' means 'and I will seize', 'gevulot' means 'the borders', 'amim' means 'of peoples or nations', 'va'tidoteyhem' means 'and their fortified places', 'shoseti' means 'I will cause them to sink', 've'orid' means 'and I will bring down', 'ka'avir' means 'like a mighty one', 'yoshevim' means 'those who sit'.
[ISA.10.14] And you found like a spear my hand for the army of the peoples and as a gatherer of abandoned eggs all the earth I have gathered and there was not a wandering wing nor a scattering mouth nor snapping. [§]
va timtza kakken yadi lecheil haamim vecheasof beitzim azuvot kol haaretz ani asafeti velo hayah nodeid kanaf ufitseh peh umezapzef
'va' means 'and', 'timtza' means 'you found', 'kakken' means 'like a spear', 'yadi' means 'my hand', 'lecheil' means 'for the army', 'haamim' means 'of the peoples', 'vecheasof' means 'and as a gatherer', 'beitzim' means 'of eggs', 'azuvot' means 'abandoned', 'kol' means 'all', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'ani' means 'I', 'asafeti' means 'have gathered', 'velo' means 'and not', 'hayah' means 'was', 'nodeid' means 'wandering', 'kanaf' means 'wing', 'ufitseh' means 'and scattering', 'peh' means 'mouth', 'umezapzef' means 'snapping'.
[ISA.10.15] Will the iron be exposed over the worker in it, if the messenger becomes great upon his handle, like the one who lifts a staff, and those who raise him like mountains a staff is not a tree. [§]
Hayitpa'er ha-garzen al ha-chotzev bo im yitgagelel ha-massor al-menifo kehanif shevet ve'et-merimav keharim matte lo-etz.
'Hayitpa'er' means 'will be exposed' or 'will be made manifest', 'ha-garzen' means 'the iron', 'al' means 'upon' or 'over', 'ha-chotzev' means 'the worker' or 'the craftsman', 'bo' means 'in it', 'im' means 'if', 'yitgagelel' means 'it grows great' or 'becomes enlarged', 'ha-massor' means 'the messenger' or 'the herald', 'al' means 'upon', 'menifo' means 'its handle' or 'its shaft', 'kehanif' means 'like the one who lifts', 'shevet' means 'a rod' or 'a staff', 've'et' means 'and', 'merimav' means 'his raisers' or 'those who lift him', 'keharim' means 'like mountains', 'matte' means 'a staff' or 'a stick', 'lo-etz' means 'is not a tree'.
[ISA.10.16] Therefore the Lord Yahveh Hosts will send the Lord in his abundance a mystery, and under his glory he will be hardened, he will be sanctified, fire. [§]
Lachen yeshallach ha'adon Yahveh Tzevaot be-mishmanav razon ve-tachat kevodo yekad yekod kikod esh.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'yeshallach' means 'will send', 'ha'adon' means 'the Lord', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'be-mishmanav' means 'in his fatness' (i.e., in his abundance), 'razon' means 'a secret' or 'mystery', 've-tachat' means 'and under', 'kevodo' means 'his glory', 'yekad' means 'will be hardened' or 'will be made firm', 'yekod' means 'will be sanctified', 'kikod' is a form of the root meaning 'to become holy' or 'to be set apart', and 'esh' means 'fire'.
[ISA.10.17] And it shall be the light of Israel for fire and his holy one to flame, and it burned and ate its seed and its guard in one day. [§]
vehayah or-Yisrael le'esh u'kedoso lelehava u'varah ve'akhla shito u'shemir-o be-yom echad.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'or-Yisrael' means 'light of Israel', 'le'esh' means 'for fire', 'u'kedoso' means 'and his holy one', 'lelehava' means 'to flame', 'u'varah' means 'and it burned', 've'akhla' means 'and it ate', 'shito' means 'its seed', 'u'shemir-o' means 'and its guard', 'be-yom' means 'in day', 'echad' means 'one'.
[ISA.10.18] And as honor his forest and his vineyard from soul to flesh he will finish, and it will be like a hammer that strikes. [§]
ukavod ya'aro vekharmillo minnefesh veadbasar yekhalle vehayah kimsos nose's.
'ukavod' means 'and as honor', 'ya'aro' means 'his forest', 'vekharmillo' means 'and his vineyard', 'minnefesh' means 'from soul', 'veadbasar' means 'and until flesh', 'yekhalle' means 'he will finish', 'vehayah' means 'and it will be', 'kimsos' means 'like a hammer', 'nose's' means 'that strikes'.
[ISA.10.19] And the remnant of the tree of its forest shall be counted, and the youth will write them. [§]
Usha'ar etz ya'ro mispar yihyu ve na'ar yikht'vem.
'U' means 'and' as a conjunction. 'Sha'ar' means 'remnant' or 'leftover' (here taken as a poetic term for 'portion'). 'Etz' means 'tree'. 'Ya'ro' means 'its forest' (ya'ar = forest + his). 'Mispar' means 'number' or 'count'. 'Yihyu' means 'they will be' or 'shall be'. 'Ve' means 'and'. 'Na'ar' means 'youth' or 'young man'. 'Yikht'vem' means 'will write them' (yikhtevem = he will write them).
[ISA.10.20] And it shall be in that day that Israel shall no longer add any remnant, and the deliverance of the house of Jacob will be to make an adversary of his strike, and they will be humbled before Yahveh, the Holy One of Israel, in truth. [§]
ve-hayah ba-yom ha-hu lo-yosef od shear Yisrael u-pleitat beit Yaakov le-hish'aen al-makkehu ve-nish'an al-Yahveh kedosh Yisrael be-emet.
've-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ba-yom' means 'in the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 'lo-yosef' means 'shall not add', 'od' means 'anymore', 'shear' means 'the remnant', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'u-pleitat' means 'and the deliverance', 'beit Yaakov' means 'the house of Jacob', 'le-hish'aen' means 'to oppress' (literally 'to make an adversary of'), 'al-makkehu' means 'upon his blow/strike', 've-nish'an' means 'and they will be humbled/oppressed', 'al-Yahveh' means 'before Yahveh', 'kedosh' means 'the Holy One', 'Yisrael' means 'of Israel', 'be-emet' means 'in truth'.
[ISA.10.21] The remnant of Jacob will return to the Mighty God. [§]
She'ar yoshuv she'ar Yaakov el El Gibor.
'She'ar' means 'remnant' or 'the rest', 'yoshuv' means 'will return', the second 'She'ar' again means 'remnant', 'Yaakov' is the proper name Jacob, 'el' means 'to' or 'toward', 'El' is the literal translation of the divine name meaning 'God', and 'Gibor' means 'mighty' or 'strong', used here as an epithet 'Mighty God'.
[ISA.10.22] Because if your people Israel is like the sand of the sea, the remainder will return in it; a thousand sharp ones spread righteousness. [§]
Ki im yihye ammekha Yisrael kechol hayam she'ar yashuv bo kilayon harutz shotef tzedakah.
'Ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'im' means 'if', 'yihye' means 'it shall be', 'ammekha' means 'your people', 'Yisrael' is the name Israel, 'kechol' means 'like the sand', 'hayam' means 'of the sea', 'she'ar' means 'the remainder' or 'the rest', 'yashuv' means 'will return', 'bo' means 'in it', 'kilayon' is understood as a numeral meaning 'a thousand', 'harutz' means 'sharp' or 'piercing', 'shotef' means 'spreads' or 'covers', and 'tzedakah' means 'righteousness' or 'justice'.
[ISA.10.23] For he is finished and despised, my Lord Yahveh of armies acts in the midst of all the earth. [§]
Ki kalah ve necheretzah Adonai Yahveh Tzevaot oseh be'kerev kol-haaretz.
'Ki' means 'for', 'kalah' means 'finished', 've' means 'and', 'necheretzah' means 'despised', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the proper name of God, 'Tzevaot' means 'armies', 'oseh' means 'does' or 'acts', 'be' means 'in', 'kerev' means 'midst', 'kol' means 'all', 'haaretz' means 'the earth'.
[ISA.10.24] Therefore thus says my Lord Yahveh of hosts, do not fear my people who dwell in Zion from Assur; in the staff he will strike you and his staff will be lifted against you in the way of Egypt. [§]
Lachen koh-amar Adonai Yahveh Tzevaot al-tira ammi yosev Tziyon meashur ba-shevet yakeka u-mattehu yisa-aleikha be-derekh Mitzrayim.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'koh-amar' means 'thus says', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the divine name Yahveh, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'al-tira' means 'do not fear', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'yosev' means 'dwelling', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion', 'meashur' means 'from Assur', 'ba-shevet' means 'in the staff', 'yakeka' means 'he will strike you', 'u-mattehu' means 'and his staff', 'yisa-aleikha' means 'will be lifted against you', 'be-derekh' means 'in the way', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'.
[ISA.10.25] For still a little is diminished, the anger will cease, and my wrath is upon their destruction. [§]
ki od me'at miz'ar ve'kalah za'am ve'afi al tavlitatam.
'ki' means 'because' or 'for'; 'od' means 'still' or 'yet'; 'me'at' means 'a little' or 'a small amount'; 'miz'ar' is a noun meaning 'smallness' or 'diminution'; 've'kalah' means 'and it will cease' or 'and it will come to an end'; 'za'am' means 'anger' or 'wrath'; 've'afi' means 'and my wrath'; 'al' means 'upon' or 'against'; 'tavlitatam' is a noun from the root meaning 'their destruction' or 'their ruin'.
[ISA.10.26] And Yahveh of hosts, who strikes like the flood of Midian at the rock of the raven, and his staff upon the sea, and He will lift it in the way to Egypt. [§]
veorer alav Yahveh tsevaot shot kemmakat Midyan btzur orev umattehu al hayam unnaso bederach Mitzrayim.
'veorer' means 'and (he) will raise/awaken', 'alav' means 'upon him', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tsevaot' means 'hosts', 'shot' means 'who strikes', 'kemmakat' means 'like the flood', 'Midyan' is the proper name 'Midian', 'btzur' means 'in the rock', 'orev' means 'raven', 'umattehu' means 'his staff', 'al hayam' means 'upon the sea', 'unnaso' means 'and He will lift it', 'bederach' means 'in the way', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'.
[ISA.10.27] And it shall be, in that day, his burden will be removed from your shoulder, and his load from your neck, and a rope will be taken away because of oil. [§]
vehayah bayom hahu yasur suvlo me'al shikmekha ve'ulo me'al tzavvarekha vechubal ol mipenei shamen.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'bayom' means 'in the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'yasur' means 'will be removed', 'suvlo' means 'his burden', 'me'al' means 'from upon', 'shikmekha' means 'your shoulder', 've'ulo' means 'and his load', 'me'al' again means 'from upon', 'tzavvarekha' means 'your neck', 'vechubal' means 'and a rope', 'ol' means 'oil', 'mipenei' means 'because of', 'shamen' means 'oil'.
[ISA.10.28] Came upon the ayyat, crossed in the migron, for the purpose he appoints its vessels. [§]
Ba al ayyat avar be-migron le-mikmas yafkid kelav.
'Ba' means 'came', 'al' means 'upon' or 'over', 'ayyat' is a noun of uncertain meaning often rendered as a proper name or specific object, 'avar' means 'passed' or 'crossed', 'be-migron' means 'in the migron' (migron being a place or condition, possibly 'mist' or 'swamp'), 'le-mikmas' means 'for the purpose of' or 'according to the measure of', 'yafkid' means 'he appoints' or 'he assigns', 'kelav' means 'its vessels' or 'its implements'.
[ISA.10.29] They crossed the ford; the hill is full for us. The height turned away, the hill of Saul fled. [§]
avru maavara geva malon lanu chardah haramah givat shaul nasah.
'avru' means 'they crossed', 'maavara' means 'a crossing' or 'ford', 'geva' means 'hill', 'malon' means 'full', 'lanu' means 'for us', 'chardah' means 'has turned away' or 'has fled', 'haramah' means 'the height' or 'the hill', 'givat' means 'the hill of', 'shaul' is the proper name 'Saul', 'nasah' means 'has fled'.
[ISA.10.30] Make a sound, O your voice, daughter of the waves; listen to the afflicted woman, her afflictions. [§]
tzahali koleh bat-galim hakshivi laysha ani-yah anatot.
'tzahali' means 'make a sound' (imperative feminine), 'koleh' means 'your voice', 'bat-galim' means 'daughter of the waves', 'hakshivi' means 'listen' (imperative feminine), 'laysha' means 'to the woman', 'aniyah' means 'afflicted' or 'troubled', 'anatot' means 'her afflictions' or 'her woes'.
[ISA.10.31] She has wandered, Madmena; the dwellers of the heights are astonished. [§]
nadda madmena yos'vei hagevim he'izu.
'nadda' means 'has wandered' (feminine singular perfect of the verb 'to wander'), 'madmena' is treated as a proper name (likely a place called Madmena), 'yos'vei' means 'inhabitants of' or 'dwellers of' (construct form of 'yosh've'), 'hagevim' means 'the heights' (plural of 'gevah' = 'hill, height'), 'he'izu' means 'are astonished' or 'are amazed' (3rd person masculine plural perfect of the verb 'to be amazed').
[ISA.10.32] Even today, to stand firm, he will wave his hand, the mountain of the house of Zion, the hill of Jerusalem. [§]
od hayom benov la'amod yinophef yado har beit tziyon giv'at yerushalayim.
'od' means 'still' or 'again', 'hayom' means 'the day', 'benov' is a reconstructed form meaning 'to be firm' or 'to stand firm', 'la'amod' means 'to stand', 'yinophef' means 'will wave' or 'will flutter', 'yado' means 'his hand', 'har' means 'mountain', 'beit tziyon' means 'the house of Zion', 'giv'at' means 'the hill of', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem'.
[ISA.10.33] Behold, the Lord Yahveh of hosts spreads his splendor in judgment, and the heights of the high places are humbled, and the lofty will be humbled. [§]
Hinneh ha-Adon Yahveh Tzevaot mesafe pu'arah be-ma'aratzah ve-ramay ha-komah g'du'im ve-hagvohim yishpaloo.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold', 'ha-Adon' means 'the Lord', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'of hosts', 'mesafe' means 'spreads' or 'displays', 'pu'arah' means 'splendor' or 'glory', 'be-ma'aratzah' means 'in judgment', 've-ramay' means 'and the heights', 'ha-komah' means 'of the high places', 'g'du'im' means 'great' or 'mighty', 've-hagvohim' means 'and the lofty', 'yishpaloo' means 'will be humbled'.
[ISA.10.34] And the forest's branches will be cut in the iron, and Lebanon will fall in the mighty. [§]
ve-nikkaf sivchei ha-yaar ba-barzel ve-hal'vanon be-adir yipol.
've-nikkaf' means 'and will be cut', 'sivchei' means 'the branches', 'ha-yaar' means 'of the forest', 'ba-barzel' means 'in the iron', 've-hal'vanon' means 'and Lebanon', 'be-adir' means 'in a mighty/strong (place)', 'yipol' means 'will fall'.
ISA.11
[ISA.11.1] And a shoot shall go out from the stump of Jesse, and a branch shall sprout from his roots. [§]
ve-yatsa choter mi-geze Yishai ve-neser mi-sharashav yipreh.
've' means 'and', 'yatsa' means 'shall go out', 'choter' means 'shoot' or 'twig', 'mi' means 'from', 'geze' means 'stump' or 'stem', 'Yishai' is the proper name 'Jesse', 've' again means 'and', 'neser' means 'branch', 'mi' means 'from', 'sharashav' means 'roots', 'yipreh' means 'shall sprout' or 'shall bear fruit'.
[ISA.11.2] And the spirit of Yahveh shall rest upon him, the spirit of wisdom and understanding, the spirit of counsel and might, the spirit of knowledge and the fear of Yahveh. [§]
ve-nachah alav ruach Yahveh ruach chokhmah u-binah ruach etzah u-gevurah ruach daat ve-yirat Yahveh.
've-nachah' means 'and [the] breath/rest', 'alav' means 'upon him', 'ruach' means 'spirit', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'chokhmah' means 'wisdom', 'u-binah' means 'and understanding', 'etzah' means 'counsel', 'u-gevurah' means 'and might', 'daat' means 'knowledge', 've-yirat Yahveh' means 'and the fear of Yahveh'.
[ISA.11.3] And he will cause (him) to fear Yahveh, and not by the sight of his eyes will he judge, and not by the hearing of his ears will he rebuke. [§]
Vaharicho beyirat Yahveh velo-lemareh einav yishpot velo-lemishma oznav yokich.
'Vaharicho' means 'and he will cause (someone) to fear', 'beyirat' means 'in the fear of', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'velo' means 'and not', 'lemareh' means 'to the sight', 'einav' means 'his eyes', 'yishpot' means 'he will judge', 'lemishma' means 'to the hearing', 'oznav' means 'his ears', 'yokich' means 'he will rebuke or correct'.
[ISA.11.4] And He shall judge the poor in righteousness, and He will prove with precision for the humble of the earth; and He will strike the earth with the rod of his mouth, and by the breath of his lips He will kill the wicked. [§]
Ve-shafat be-tzedek dalim ve-hokhiach be-mishor le-anvei-aretz ve-hikka eretz be-shevet piyyav u-beruach sefataiv yamith rashah.
'Ve' means 'and', 'shafat' means 'judge', 'be-tzedek' means 'in righteousness', 'dalim' means 'the poor', 've' again 'and', 'hokhiach' means 'prove' or 'correct', 'be-mishor' means 'with precision', 'le-anvei-aretz' means 'to the humble of the earth', 've-hikka' means 'and he will strike', 'eretz' means 'the earth', 'be-shevet' means 'with the rod', 'piyyav' means 'of his mouth', 'u-beruach' means 'and by the breath', 'sefataiv' means 'of his lips', 'yamith' means 'he will kill', 'rashah' means 'the wicked'.
[ISA.11.5] And righteousness will be a belt around his waist, and faithfulness will be a belt around his thighs. [§]
vehayah tzedek ezor matnav vehaemunah ezor chalatzav.
'vehayah' means 'and will be', 'tzedek' means 'righteousness', 'ezor' means 'belt' or 'girdle', 'matnav' means 'of his loins' (literally 'of his waist'), 'vehaemunah' means 'and faithfulness', 'ezor' again means 'belt', 'chalatzav' means 'of his thighs'.
[ISA.11.6] And the wolf shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard with the young goat shall lie down, and a kid, a calf, and a pig together, and a small child shall lead them among the group. [§]
vegar ze'ev im keves ve'namer im gedi yirbatz ve'egel u'kfir u'mer'i yachdav ve'na'ar katon noheg bam.
've' means 'and', 'gar' means 'dwells', 'ze'ev' means 'wolf', 'im' means 'with', 'keves' means 'lamb', 've' means 'and', 'namer' means 'leopard', 'im' means 'with', 'gedi' means 'young goat', 'yirbatz' means 'will lie down', 've'egel' means 'and a kid', 'u'kfir' means 'and a calf', 'u'mer'i' means 'and a pig', 'yachdav' means 'together', 've'na'ar' means 'and a little boy', 'katan' means 'small', 'noheg' means 'will lead', 'bam' means 'among them'.
[ISA.11.7] And a mare and a bear will graze together; their offspring will lie down together, and the lion, like a calf, will eat leather. [§]
Uparah vadob tir'einah yachdav yirbetzu yaldeihen ve'aryeh ka'bakar yochal teven.
'U' means 'and', 'parah' means 'mare', 'vav' means 'and', 'dov' means 'bear', 'tir'einah' means 'will graze/feed', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'yirbetzu' means 'will lie down', 'yaldeihen' means 'their young/offspring', 've' means 'and', 'aryeh' means 'lion', 'ka' means 'like', 'bakar' means 'calf', 'yochal' means 'will eat', 'teven' means 'leather' or 'hide'.
[ISA.11.8] And the laughter gnaws upon the hollow of a pan, and upon the northern side his hand is curved, Grace. [§]
ve'shia'sha yonék al-chur paten ve'al me'urat tzif'oni gamul yado hadah.
"ve'shia'sha" means "and laughter" (the noun shi'ashah); "yonék" is taken as a verb meaning "gnaws" or "bites"; "al-chur" means "upon the hollow"; "paten" means "a shallow dish or pan"; "ve'al" means "and upon"; "me'urat" is interpreted as "the western/northern side" (from the root meaning "to turn"); "tzif'oni" means "northern" (related to "tzafon" = north); "gamul" means "curved" or "rounded"; "yado" means "his hand"; "hadah" is treated as a proper name meaning "Grace". The verse therefore describes a laughing figure that bites on the hollow of a pan and, on the northern side, his hand is curved, named Grace.
[ISA.11.9] They will not become corrupt and they will not destroy in all my holy mountain because the earth is full of knowledge of Yahveh like waters covering the sea. [§]
Lo-yareu ve-lo-yashchitu bechol har kadshei ki-maleah haaretz dea et-Yahveh kamayim layam mekassim.
'Lo' means 'not', 'yareu' means 'they will become corrupt', 've' means 'and', 'lo' means 'not', 'yashchitu' means 'they will destroy', 'bekhol' means 'in all', 'har' means 'mountain', 'kadshei' means 'my holy', 'ki' means 'because', 'maleah' means 'full', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'dea' means 'knowledge', 'et' is an accusative particle, 'Yahveh' is the divine name YHVH rendered as Yahveh, 'kama' means 'like', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'layam' means 'the sea', 'mekassim' means 'covering'.
[ISA.11.10] And it shall be in that day that the root of Jesse, who stands for the offspring of peoples, to him the nations will seek, and his resting-place will be glory. [§]
vehayah bayom hahu shores Yishai asher omed le-nes amim elav goyim yiddreshu vehayetah menuchato kavod.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'bayom' means 'in the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'shores' means 'root', 'Yishai' means 'Jesse', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'omed' means 'stands', 'le-nes' means 'for the offspring', 'amim' means 'of peoples', 'elav' means 'to him', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'yiddreshu' means 'will seek', 'vehayetah' means 'and his resting-place will be', 'menuchato' means 'his repose', 'kavod' means 'glory'.
[ISA.11.11] And it shall be in that day my Lord will add a second hand to acquire the remnant of his people who will remain from Assyria, from Egypt, from Patros, from Cush, from Elam, from Shinar, from Hamath, and from the islands of the sea. [§]
Ve hayah ba yom ha hu yo sif Adonai shenit yado liknot et shaar ammo asher yisha er me ash ur u mitz rayim u pat ros u kush u me elam u mishna ar u mechamat u mei ye ha yam
'Ve' means 'and', 'hayah' means 'it shall be', 'ba yom' means 'in the day', 'ha hu' means 'that', 'yo sif' means 'will add', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'shenit' means 'a second', 'yado' means 'his hand', 'liknot' means 'to acquire', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'shaar' means 'remnant', 'ammo' means 'of his people', 'asher' means 'who', 'yisha er' means 'will remain', 'me' means 'from', 'ashur' means 'Assyria', 'u' means 'and', 'mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'patros' refers to the region of Patros, 'kush' means 'Cush', 'elam' means 'Elam', 'shin'ar' (here transliterated as 'mishna ar') means 'Shinar', 'chamat' means 'Hamath', 'mei ye ha yam' means 'the islands of the sea'.
[ISA.11.12] And I will lift a sign to the nations, and I will gather the outcasts of Israel, and the scattered ones of Judah I will assemble from the four corners of the earth. [§]
ve-nasa nes la-goyim ve-asaf nidhe Yisrael u-nefutsot Yehudah yeqabetz me'arba kanfot haaretz.
've-nasa' means 'and I will lift', 'nes' means 'a sign', 'la-goyim' means 'to the nations', 've-asaf' means 'and I will gather', 'nidhe' means 'the outcasts', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'u-nefutsot' means 'and the scattered ones', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'yeqabetz' means 'I will assemble', 'me'arba' means 'from four', 'kanfot' means 'corners', 'haaretz' means 'of the earth'.
[ISA.11.13] And the jealousy of Ephraim shall be removed, and the oppressors of Judah shall be cut off. Ephraim will not be jealous of Judah, and Judah will not oppress Ephraim. [§]
veSARA kinat Ephraim veTZORREI Yehudah yikkaretu Ephraim lo yekane et Yehudah viYehudah lo yatzor et Ephraim.
've' means 'and', 'SARA' (from the root *s-r-h*) means 'remove' or 'be removed', 'kinat' means 'jealousy of', 'Ephraim' is the name of the northern kingdom, 've' again means 'and', 'TZORREI' (from *tz-r-r*) means 'oppressors' or 'pressers', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'yikkaretu' means 'shall be cut off' (future passive), 'lo' means 'not', 'yekane' means 'shall be jealous', 'et' is the accusative marker (no English equivalent), 'Yehudah' repeated as proper name, 'viYehudah' means 'and Judah', 'lo' again 'not', 'yatzor' means 'shall oppress', 'et' again accusative, 'Ephraim' repeated as proper name.
[ISA.11.14] And they will be humbled before the Philistines, sea together they will mock the sons of the east; Edom and Moab will stretch out their hand, and the sons of Ammon will hear. [§]
ve'afu b'khatef plishtim yamah yachdaw yavozzu et-b'nei kedem edom uMoav mishloh yadam u'v'nei Ammon mishma'tam.
've' means 'and', 'afu' is from the verb meaning 'to be humbled or ashamed', 'b'khatef' means 'in the shoulder/edge', 'plishtim' means 'Philistines', 'yamah' means 'sea' (or 'by the sea'), 'yachdaw' means 'together', 'yavozzu' means 'they will despise or mock', 'et-b'nei kedem' means 'the sons of the east', 'edom' means 'Edom', 'uMoav' means 'and Moab', 'mishloh yadam' means 'they stretch out their hand', 'u'v'nei Ammon' means 'and the sons of Ammon', 'mishma'tam' means 'they will hear or listen'.
[ISA.11.15] And Yahveh will burn the tongue of the sea of Egypt, and He will lift His hand upon the river in the flood his spirit, and He will strike it seven streams, and He will direct in the sandals. [§]
vehecherim Yahveh et leshon yam-Mitzrayim vehenif yado al-hanahar ba'ayam rucho vehikkahu leshiva nehalim vehidrikh ban'elim.
"vehecherim" means "and He will burn", "Yahveh" is the literal translation of YHVH, "et" is the direct object marker, "leshon" means "the tongue", "yam-Mitzrayim" means "sea of Egypt", "vehenif" means "and He will lift", "yado" means "His hand", "al-hanahar" means "upon the river", "ba'ayam" means "in the flood", "rucho" means "His wind or spirit", "vehikkahu" means "and He will strike it", "leshiva" means "seven", "nehalim" means "streams", "vehidrikh" means "and He will direct or tighten", "ban'elim" means "in the sandals".
[ISA.11.16] And it will be a road for the remnant of his people who remain from Assyria, just as it was for Israel on the day he went up from the land of Egypt. [§]
vehayetah mesilla lish'ar ammo asher yisha'er meashur kaasher hayetah leYisrael beyom aloto meeretz Mitzrayim.
'vehayetah' means 'and it will be', 'mesilla' means 'a way' or 'a road', 'lish'ar' means 'for the remnant', 'ammo' means 'his people', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'yisha'er' means 'remains' or 'is left', 'meashur' means 'from Assyria', 'kaasher' means 'as' or 'just as', 'hayetah' means 'it was', 'leYisrael' means 'for Israel', 'beyom' means 'on the day', 'aloto' means 'he went up' or 'he rose', 'meeretz' means 'from the land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'.
ISA.12
[ISA.12.1] And you shall say on that day, I will thank you Yahveh, because you have become angry against me, may your anger turn back, and comfort me. [§]
Ve'amarta bayom hahohu odkha Yahveh ki anaf bi yashov afkha ut'nachameni.
'Ve'amarta' means 'you shall say', 'bayom' means 'in the day', 'hahohu' means 'that', 'odkha' means 'I will thank you', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'ki' means 'because', 'anaf' means 'you have become angry', 'bi' means 'against me', 'yashov' means 'will turn back', 'afkha' means 'your anger', 'ut'nachameni' means 'and comfort me'.
[ISA.12.2] Behold, God, my salvation, I trust and I will not be afraid, because my strength and the song of Yah is Yahveh, and it became for me salvation. [§]
Hineh El Yeshua'ti evtach velo efchad ki azzi vezimrat Yah Yahveh vayehi li lishua.
'Hineh' means 'behold', 'El' means 'God', 'Yeshua'ti' means 'my salvation', 'evtach' means 'I trust', 'velo' means 'and not', 'efchad' means 'I will be afraid', 'ki' means 'because', 'azzi' means 'my strength', 'vezimrat' means 'and the song/praise of', 'Yah' is a short poetic form of Yahveh meaning 'Yahweh', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'vayehi' means 'and it was' or 'and it became', 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me', 'lishua' means 'for salvation' or 'as salvation'.
[ISA.12.3] And you shall draw water with joy from the springs of salvation. [§]
Ushavtem mayim be-sason mi-ma'aynei ha-yeshua.
'Ushavtem' means 'and you shall draw' (from the root shuv, to draw water). 'Mayim' means 'water'. 'Be-sason' means 'with joy' (sason = joy, gladness). 'Mi-ma'aynei' means 'from the springs of' (ma'ayan = spring, -ei = of). 'Ha-yeshua' means 'the salvation' (yeshua = salvation, rescue).
[ISA.12.4] And you will say on that day, give thanks to Yahveh, call upon his name, proclaim among the nations his deeds, remember that his name is mighty. [§]
Va'amartem ba-yom ha-hu hodu la-Yahveh kiru bi-shemo hodiu ba-amim alilotav hazkiru ki nischav shemo.
"Va'amartem" means "you will say", "ba-yom" means "on the day", "ha-hu" means "that", "hodu" means "give thanks", "la-Yahveh" means "to Yahveh" (the literal translation of YHVH), "kiru" means "call", "bi-shemo" means "upon his name", "hodiu" means "declare/proclaim", "ba-amim" means "among the peoples/nations", "alilotav" means "his deeds", "hazkiru" means "remember", "ki" means "that", "nischav" means "is mighty", "shemo" means "his name".
[ISA.12.5] Sing Yahveh, for He has acted with pride; know this throughout all the earth. [§]
Zammeru Yahveh ki geut asa miadad zot bechol haaretz.
'Zammeru' means 'sing' (imperative plural). 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of the divine name YHWH and is translated as 'Yahveh'. 'ki' means 'for' or 'because'. 'geut' means 'pride' or 'exaltation'. 'asa' means 'has done' or 'has acted'. 'miadad' is a form of the verb meaning 'who knows' or 'know'. 'zot' means 'this'. 'bechol' means 'in all' or 'throughout'. 'haaretz' means 'the earth' or 'the whole earth'.
[ISA.12.6] Rejoice, O Zion, for great in your midst is the Holy One of Israel. [§]
Tzahali varoni yosevet Tziyon ki gadol beqirbech kodesh Yisrael.
'Tzahali' means 'rejoice', 'varoni' means 'and rejoice', 'yosevet' means 'dwelling' or 'sitting', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion', 'ki' means 'for', 'gadol' means 'great', 'beqirbech' means 'in your midst', 'kodesh' means 'holy' or 'the Holy One', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'. The phrase 'kodesh Yisrael' is a title for God meaning 'the Holy One of Israel'.
ISA.13
[ISA.13.1] The burden of Babylon which Isaiah son of Amoz saw. [§]
Massa Babel asher chazah Yeshayahu ben Amoz.
'Massa' means 'burden' or 'oracle', 'Babel' means 'Babylon', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'chazah' means 'saw', 'Yeshayahu' is the name 'Isaiah', 'ben' means 'son', and 'Amoz' is the name of his father.
[ISA.13.2] Upon Mount Nishpeh raise the banner, lift up your voice to them, raise your hand, and they will come to the doors of the noble. [§]
Al har-nishpeh se'u-nes harimu kol lahem hanipu yad ve-yavohu pitchei nedivim.
'Al' means 'upon' or 'on', 'har-nishpeh' is a proper name meaning 'Mount Nishpeh', 'se'u-nes' means 'raise the banner', 'harimu' means 'lift' or 'raise', 'kol' means 'voice', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'hanipu' means 'raise' or 'lift up', 'yad' means 'hand', 've-yavohu' means 'and they will come', 'pitchei' means 'openings' or 'doors', 'nedivim' means 'noble' or 'generous ones'.
[ISA.13.3] I have commanded my holy one; also I have called my mighty ones to my wrath, the bold of my pride. [§]
Ani tziveti limkedashi gam karati giborai leapi alizei gaavati.
'Ani' means 'I', 'tziveti' means 'I have commanded', 'limkedashi' means 'to my holy one', 'gam' means 'also', 'karati' means 'I have called', 'giborai' means 'my mighty ones', 'leapi' means 'to my wrath', 'alizei' means 'the bold' or 'the reckless', 'gaavati' means 'my pride'.
[ISA.13.4] The voice of the multitude in the mountains, the trembling of a great people; a voice of terror to the kingdoms of the nations gathered: Yahveh of hosts commands an army of war. [§]
Kol ha-mun be-harim demut am rav kol she'on mamlekhot goyim ne'esafim Yahveh tzevaot mefaked tzeva milchama.
'Kol' means 'voice', 'ha-mun' means 'the multitude', 'be-harim' means 'in the mountains/hills', 'demut' means 'tremor', 'am' means 'people', 'rav' means 'great' or 'many', the second 'kol' again means 'voice', 'she'on' means 'terror' or 'ruin', 'mamlekhot' means 'kingdoms', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'ne'esafim' means 'are gathered', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'mefaked' means 'orders' or 'commands', 'tzeva' means 'army', and 'milchama' means 'war'.
[ISA.13.5] They come from far away, from the ends of the heavens, Yahveh, and the implements of his anger to ruin all the earth. [§]
Ba'im me'eretz merchak miqtze hashamayim Yahveh u'klei za'mo lechabel kol ha'aretz.
'Ba'im' means 'they come', 'me'eretz' means 'from the earth' (here indicating a place), 'merchak' means 'a distance' or 'far away', 'miqtze' means 'from the end', 'hashamayim' means 'the heavens', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'u'klei' means 'and the implements', 'za'mo' means 'his anger' (the anger belonging to Yahveh), 'lechabel' means 'to ruin' or 'to destroy', 'kol ha'aretz' means 'all the earth'.
[ISA.13.6] Praise, for the day of Yahveh is near; like a storm from the Almighty it will come. [§]
Heililu ki karob yom Yahveh keshod miShaddai yavo.
'Heililu' means 'praise' (imperative plural), 'ki' means 'because', 'karob' means 'near', 'yom' means 'day', 'Yahveh' is the divine name, 'keshod' means 'like a storm', 'miShaddai' means 'from the Almighty', 'yavo' means 'will come'.
[ISA.13.7] Therefore all hands will heal, and every human heart will melt. [§]
Al-ken kol-yadayim tirpena ve-kol-levav enosh yimas.
'Al-ken' means 'therefore' or 'for this reason', 'kol' means 'all', 'yadayim' means 'hands', 'tirpena' is the future third‑person singular form of 'heal', meaning 'will heal', 've' is the conjunction 'and', 'kol' (again) means 'all', 'levav' means 'heart', 'enosh' means 'human' or 'person', 'yimas' is the future third‑person singular of 'melt', meaning 'will melt'.
[ISA.13.8] And the fences shall be broken and the cords seized, like a newborn they shall take; a man against his companion shall be slain; the faces of the devils, their faces. [§]
ve-nivhalu tzirim va-chavalim yoahezun ka-yoledah yechilon ish el-re'ehu yitmahuh penei lehavim penehem.
've-nivhalu' means 'and they shall be broken', 'tzirim' means 'fences' or 'boundaries', 'va-chavalim' means 'and cords', 'yoahezun' means 'they shall seize' or 'hold fast', 'ka-yoledah' means 'like a newborn' (literally 'as a birth'), 'yechilon' means 'they shall take' or 'inherit', 'ish' means 'a man', 'el-re'ehu' means 'against his companion', 'yitmahuh' means 'he shall be slain', 'penei' means 'faces of', 'lehavim' means 'the devils', 'penehem' means 'their faces'.
[ISA.13.9] Behold the day of Yahveh is coming, a crushing disaster and devastation, and burning anger to make the earth desolate, and its sinners will be wiped out from it. [§]
Hineh yom-Yahveh ba achzari ve'evrah vacharon af lashum ha'aretz le'shama ve'chatta'eha yashmid mimena.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'yom-Yahveh' means 'the day of Yahveh', 'ba' means 'is coming', 'achzari' means 'crushing' or 'severe', 've'evrah' means 'and ruin' or 'and devastation', 'vacharon af' means 'and burning anger', 'lashum' means 'to make', 'ha'aretz' means 'the earth', 'le'shama' means 'to ruin' or 'to desolation', 've'chatta'eha' means 'and its sinners', 'yashmid' means 'will be cut off' or 'will be wiped out', 'mimena' means 'from it'.
[ISA.13.10] For the stars of the heavens and their fools will not praise their light; darkness the sun at its setting and the moon will not reach its light. [§]
ki kochvei ha shamayim u ksilehem lo yahaloo orem choshekh ha shemesh be tzeato veyareach lo yagia ooro.
'ki' means 'for', 'kochvei' means 'stars of', 'ha' means 'the', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 'u' means 'and', 'ksilehem' means 'their fools', 'lo' means 'not', 'yahaloo' means 'will praise', 'orem' means 'their light', 'choshekh' means 'darkness', 'ha' again 'the', 'shemesh' means 'sun', 'be' means 'in', 'tzeato' means 'its setting', 've' means 'and', 'yareach' means 'moon', 'lo' again 'not', 'yagia' means 'will reach', 'ooro' means 'its light'.
[ISA.13.11] And I will punish the world for evil, and the wicked for their iniquity, and I will crush the pride of the arrogant and the haughtiness of the insolent. [§]
Ufaqadti al-tevel raah ve'al reshahim avonam vehishbatti geon zedim vegavot aritzim ashpil.
'Ufaqadti' means 'and I will punish', 'al-tevel' means 'upon the world', 'raah' means 'evil', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'reshahim' means 'the wicked', 'avonam' means 'their iniquity', 'vehishbatti' means 'and I will crush', 'geon' means 'pride', 'zedim' means 'the arrogant', 'vegavot' means 'and the haughtiness', 'aritzim' means 'the insolent', 'ashpil' means 'I will make low'.
[ISA.13.12] I will fashion a human from refined gold, and a man from bronze, of gold. [§]
okir enosh mipaz veadam miketam ofir.
'okir' means 'I will fashion' (verb from the root qara), 'enosh' means 'human', 'mipaz' means 'from refined gold', 'veadam' means 'and man', 'miketam' means 'from copper or bronze', 'ofir' means 'gold'.
[ISA.13.13] Therefore the heavens shall be stunned, and the earth shall quake from its place at the coming of Yahveh of hosts, and in the day of his fierce wrath. [§]
Al ken shamayim argiz ve-tirash haaretz mimkomeha be'evrat Yahveh tzevaot u'veyom charon apo.
'Al' means 'therefore', 'ken' means 'thus', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 'argiz' means 'are stunned' or 'are silent', 've' is the conjunction 'and', 'tirash' means 'shall quake', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'mimkomeha' means 'from its place', 'be'evrat' means 'at the coming of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'of hosts' (referring to heavenly armies), 'u' is 'and', 'veyom' means 'in the day', 'charon' means 'of fierce', 'apo' means 'his anger' or 'wrath'.
[ISA.13.14] And it shall be as a splinter shattered and as a flock, and there is no one to gather; a man will turn to his people, and a man will flee to his land. [§]
vehayah ki-tzvi mudach uke-tzon ve-ein meka-betz ish el-ammo yifnu ve-ish el-artszo yanusu.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ki-tzvi' means 'as a splinter', 'mudach' means 'shattered' or 'broken', 'uke-tzon' means 'as a flock' (literally 'as sheep'), 've-ein' means 'and there is not', 'meka-betz' means 'one who gathers', 'ish' means 'a man', 'el-ammo' means 'to his people', 'yifnu' means 'they will turn', 've-ish' means 'and a man', 'el-artszo' means 'to his land', 'yanusu' means 'they will flee'.
[ISA.13.15] All who are found shall be struck, and all the counted shall fall by the sword. [§]
Kol-hanimmtsa yiddaker ve-kol-hanisphe yippol becharev.
'Kol' means 'all', 'hanimmtsa' means 'the found' (from nimtza 'to be found'), 'yiddaker' means 'will be struck', 've' means 'and', 'kol' again means 'all', 'hanisphe' means 'the counted' (from nispa 'to count'), 'yippol' means 'will fall', 'becharev' means 'by the sword'.
[ISA.13.16] And their offspring will be cut off, in their eyes they will be shamed in their houses, and their women will be lost. [§]
veolleihem yerutshu le'einehem yissasu batehem uneneshim tishaglenah.
'veolleihem' means 'and their offspring', 'yerutshu' means 'will be cut off', 'le'einehem' means 'in their eyes', 'yissasu' means 'they will be shamed', 'batehem' means 'in their houses', 'uneneshim' means 'and their women', 'tishaglenah' means 'will be lost'.
[ISA.13.17] Behold, I will raise up against them Madai, who will not count the silver and will not desire the gold. [§]
Hineni meir aleihem et Madai asher kesef lo yachshovu ve zahav lo yachpetzu bo.
'Hineni' means 'Behold' or 'Here I am', 'meir' means 'I will raise/awaken', 'aleihem' means 'against them', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'Madai' is a proper name (the people of Media), 'asher' means 'who/that', 'kesef' means 'silver', 'lo' means 'not', 'yachshovu' means 'they will count/consider', 've' means 'and', 'zahav' means 'gold', 'lo' means 'not', 'yachpetzu' means 'they will desire', 'bo' means 'in it/with it'.
[ISA.13.18] And the bows of the youths shall be shattered, and the fruit of the womb will not have compassion toward the children; they will not spare their eyes. [§]
ukeshatot ne'arim teratashnah uperi-beten lo yerachemu al-banim lo-tachus einam.
'ukeshatot' means 'and bows', 'ne'arim' means 'young men' (or youths), 'teratashnah' means 'shall shatter' or 'shall crush', 'uperi-beten' means 'and fruit of the womb', 'lo' means 'not', 'yerachemu' means 'they will have compassion/mercy', 'al-banim' means 'upon the children', 'lo-tachus' means 'will not spare', 'einam' means 'their eyes'.
[ISA.13.19] And Babylon shall be the pride of kingdoms, the splendor of arrogance, like the plains, like the overturning of God over Sodom and over Gomorrah. [§]
vehayetah Babel tzevi mamlekot tiferet geon kassdim kemahphet elohim et sedom ve et amorah.
'vehayetah' means 'and it shall be'; 'Babel' means 'Babylon'; 'tzevi' means 'pride' or 'splendor'; 'mamlekot' means 'of kingdoms'; 'tiferet' means 'splendor' or 'beauty'; 'geon' means 'pride' or 'arrogance'; 'kassdim' means 'as the plains' (a poetic image of openness); 'kemahphet' means 'as the overturning' or 'as the upheaval'; 'elohim' means 'God'; 'et' is the direct‑object marker; 'sedom' means 'Sodom'; 've' means 'and'; 'et' again the direct‑object marker; 'amorah' means 'Gomorrah' (the sister city of Sodom).
[ISA.13.20] You will not sit forever, nor will you dwell until generation after generation; nor will an Arab wander there, and shepherds will not multiply there. [§]
Lo- teshev lanetzach ve-lo tishkon ad dor va-dor ve-lo yahel sham aravi ve-ro'im lo yarbitzu sham.
'Lo' means 'not', 'teshev' means 'you will sit', 'lanetzach' means 'forever' (literally 'to eternity'), 've-lo' means 'and not', 'tishkon' means 'you will dwell', 'ad' means 'until', 'dor' means 'generation', 'va-dor' means 'and generation' (i.e., 'for generation after generation'), 'yahel' means 'will go' or 'will wander', 'sham' means 'there', 'aravi' means 'Arab' or 'Arabian', 've-ro\'im' means 'and shepherds', 'yarbitzu' means 'will increase' or 'will multiply'.
[ISA.13.21] And goats will lie there, and they filled their houses with brothers, and daughters of the goat dwelt there, and the male goats will dance there. [§]
ve-ravtzu sham tziyyim u-malu bateihem ohim ve-shachnu sham benot ya'ana u-sheirim yerakdu sham.
've' means 'and', 'ravtzu' means 'lie down', 'sham' means 'there', 'tziyyim' means 'goats', 'u' means 'and', 'malu' means 'they filled', 'bateihem' means 'their houses', 'ohim' means 'brothers', 've' again means 'and', 'shachnu' means 'they dwelt' or 'they lived', 'benot' means 'daughters', 'ya'ana' means 'of the goat' (a reference to a goat or a proper name), 'u' again means 'and', 'sheirim' means 'male goats', 'yerakdu' means 'they will dance', 'sham' means 'there'.
[ISA.13.22] And the people answered in his desolate places, and jackals in the temples of delight, and the time draws near to its coming, and its days will not be prolonged. [§]
Ve'ana iyyim be'almonotav ve'tanim beheichlei oneg ve'karov lavoh itah ve'yameiha lo yimashchu.
'Ve'ana' means 'and answered', 'iyyim' means 'the people', 'be'almonotav' means 'in his desolate places', 've'tanim' means 'and jackals', 'beheichlei' means 'in the temples of', 'oneg' means 'delight', 've'karov' means 'and draws near', 'lavoh' means 'to the coming', 'itah' means 'its time', 've'yameiha' means 'and its days', 'lo' means 'not', 'yimashchu' means 'they will be prolonged'.
ISA.14
[ISA.14.1] Because Yahveh will have compassion on Jacob and will again choose Israel, and He will settle them on their land, and the sojourner will be among them, and they will be gathered to the house of Jacob. [§]
ki yirachem Yahveh et-Yaakov u'vachar od beYisrael v'henicham al-admatam v'nilvah ha-ger aleyhem v'nisp'chu al beit Yaakov.
'ki' means 'because'; 'yirachem' means 'will have compassion'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH; 'et-Yaakov' means 'Jacob' (direct object marker); 'u'vachar' means 'and will choose again'; 'od' means 'again' or 'more'; 'beYisrael' means 'Israel'; 'v'henicham' means 'and will settle/place them'; 'al-admatam' means 'on their land'; 'v'nilvah' means 'and the sojourner/foreigner'; 'ha-ger' means 'the sojourner'; 'aleyhem' means 'among them'; 'v'nisp'chu' means 'and they will be gathered/assembled'; 'al-beit' means 'to the house of'; 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob'.
[ISA.14.2] They shall take the nations and bring them to their own places, and they shall inherit the house of Israel on the land of Yahveh for the servants and for the families; they will be those who return to those who have returned, and they will go down into their oppression. [§]
ul'kakhum amim vehevi'um el makomam vehitnachalum beit Yisrael al admath Yahveh la'avadim ve-lishpachot ve-hayu shovim le-shoveihem ve-radu be-nogsehem.
'ul'kakhum' means 'and they shall take'; 'amim' means 'nations' or 'peoples'; 'vehevi'um' means 'and bring them'; 'el' means 'to' or 'toward'; 'makomam' means 'their place'; 'vehitnachalum' means 'and they shall inherit'; 'beit' means 'house of'; 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'; 'al' means 'upon' or 'on'; 'admath' means 'the land of'; 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHVH; 'la'avadim' means 'for servants'; 've-lishpachot' means 'and for families'; 've-hayu' means 'and they will be'; 'shovim' means 'returning' or 'coming back'; 'le-shoveihem' means 'to those who have returned'; 've-radu' means 'and they will go down'; 'be-nogsehem' means 'into their oppression' or 'into their subjugation'.
[ISA.14.3] And it shall be on the day of rest that Yahveh will be to you from your sorrow and from your anger and from the hard labor that was your toil. [§]
vehayah beyom haniach Yahveh lecha meatzvecha umeragzekha umin haavodah hakashah asher ubbadbach.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'beyom' means 'in the day', 'haniach' means 'of rest', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'lecha' means 'to you', 'meatzvecha' means 'from your sorrow', 'umeragzekha' means 'and from your anger', 'umin' means 'and from', 'haavodah' means 'the labor', 'kashah' means 'hard', 'asher' means 'that', 'ubbadbach' means 'was upon you' or 'was your toil'.
[ISA.14.4] And you will raise this proverb against the king of Babylon and you will say, 'How did the wanderer sit, she sat shaking.' [§]
Ve-nasata ha-mashal ha-ze al-melech Babel ve-amarta eikh shavat nogesh shavta madheva.
'Ve-nasata' means 'and you will lift/raise', 'ha-mashal' means 'the proverb' or 'the saying', 'ha-ze' means 'this', 'al' means 'against' or 'upon', 'melech' means 'king', 'Babel' is the name of Babylon, 've-amarta' means 'and you will say', 'eikh' means 'how', 'shavat' is the verb 'sat' (past tense, masculine singular), 'nogesh' is a noun meaning 'wanderer' or 'stranger', 'shavta' is 'she sat' (past tense, feminine singular), 'madheva' is an adjective meaning 'shaking' or 'trembling'.
[ISA.14.5] Yahveh broke the staff of the wicked, the scepter of rulers. [§]
Shavar Yahveh matteh resha'im shevet moshelim.
'Shavar' means 'broke', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'matteh' means 'staff', 'resha'im' means 'the wicked', 'shevet' means 'scepter', 'moshelim' means 'rulers'.
[ISA.14.6] A strike against the nations through transgression; a blow without deviation, descending in anger the nations pursued without darkness. [§]
Makke Amim Beevrah Makkat Bilti Sara Rode Baaf Goyim Murdaf Bli Hashach.
'Makke' means 'strike' or 'blow'. 'Amim' means 'nations' or 'peoples'. 'Beevrah' means 'by transgression' or 'through crossing'. 'Makkat' is another form of 'strike' or 'blow'. 'Bilti' means 'without'. 'Sara' means 'wandering' or 'deviation', so 'bilti sara' means 'without deviation' or 'straight'. 'Rode' means 'goes down' or 'descends'. 'Baaf' means 'in anger' (af = wrath). 'Goyim' means 'nations'. 'Murdaf' means 'pursued' or 'hunted'. 'Bli' means 'without'. 'Hashach' means 'darkness' or 'shadow'.
[ISA.14.7] Be still, be quiet, all the earth; burst forth in joy. [§]
Nacha shaqetah kol-haaretz patschu rinnah.
'Nacha' means 'rest' or 'be still', 'shaquetah' means 'be quiet', 'kol-haaretz' means 'all the earth', 'patschu' is the imperative plural form of 'to break forth' or 'to burst out', and 'rinnah' means 'joy' or 'song of joy'.
[ISA.14.8] Even the chief ones rejoiced for you, the cedars of Lebanon; since you have lain, the incense will not rise upon us. [§]
gam beroshim samchu lecha arzei levanon me'az shachavta lo ya'ale hakoret aleinu.
'gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'beroshim' means 'the chief ones' (literally 'the heads'), 'samchu' means 'they rejoiced', 'lecha' means 'for you', 'arzei' means 'cedars of', 'levanon' means 'Lebanon', 'me'az' means 'since', 'shachavta' means 'you have lain', 'lo' means 'not', 'ya'ale' means 'will rise', 'hakoret' means 'the incense' (the offering), 'aleinu' means 'upon us'.
[ISA.14.9] The underworld from beneath raged against you to call your coming; it awakens for you healers, all the earth's supporters, raised from their thrones all the kings of the nations. [§]
Sheol mitachat ragza lecha liqrat bo'ekha orer lecha refa'im kol-atudei eretz hekim mikiseotam kol malkei goyim.
'Sheol' means 'the underworld', 'mitachat' means 'from beneath', 'ragza' means 'raged', 'lecha' means 'against you' or 'to you', 'liqrat' means 'to call' or 'for the calling', 'bo''ekha' means 'your coming', 'orer' means 'awakener' or 'one who awakens', 'refa'im' means 'healers', 'kol-atudei' means 'all the supporters', 'eretz' means 'earth', 'hekim' means 'raised', 'mikiseotam' means 'from their thrones', 'kol' means 'all', 'malkei' means 'kings of', 'goyim' means 'nations'.
[ISA.14.10] All of them will answer and say to you, also you have become like us, to us you have been ruled. [§]
Kullam ya'anu ve'yom'ru eilekha gam-atah chullēta kamonu eileinu nimshalta.
'Kullam' means 'all of them', 'ya'anu' means 'they will answer', 've'yom'ru' means 'and they will say', 'eilekha' means 'to you', 'gam-atah' means 'also you', 'chullēta' means 'you have become profane/defiled', 'kamonu' means 'like us', 'eileinu' means 'to us', 'nimshalta' means 'you have been ruled or subjected to rule'.
[ISA.14.11] Bring down Sheol, your pride; the slaughter of your fools lies beneath you, filth and dung, and your covering is slime. [§]
hurad sheol geoncha hemyat nevalechah tachtecha yutsa rimmah umekassecha tolaah.
'hurad' means 'bring down' or 'lower', 'sheol' means 'the grave' or 'underworld', 'geoncha' means 'your pride', 'hemyat' means 'the killing' or 'slaughter', 'nevalechah' means 'your fools' or 'your weak ones', 'tachtecha' means 'under you', 'yutsa' means 'filth' or 'dirt', 'rimmah' means 'excrement' or 'dung', 'umekassecha' means 'and your covering', 'tolaah' means 'slime' or 'mire'.
[ISA.14.12] How you fell from the heavens, shining one son of dawn, you have been cut down to the earth, crushing upon the nations. [§]
Eich nafalta mishamayim heylel ben shachar nigdattah laaretz cholesh al goyim.
"Eich" means "how", "nafalta" means "you fell", "mishamayim" means "from the heavens", "heylel" means "shining one" (literal sense of a bright star), "ben shachar" means "son of dawn", "nigdattah" means "you have been cut down" or "thrust down", "laaretz" means "to the earth", "cholesh" means "the one who shatters or crushes", and "al goyim" means "upon the nations". The phrase "heylel ben shachar" is an idiom referring to a figure of great pride, often rendered in later tradition as a name for a fallen celestial being.
[ISA.14.13] And you said in your heart, I will ascend the heavens, above the stars of God I will raise my throne and sit on the mountain of assembly in the north. [§]
veata amarta bilvavecha hashamayim eeleh mimma'al lekokhvei el arim kisei veesev behar moed beyarketei tsafon.
'veata' means 'and you', 'amarta' means 'said', 'bilvavecha' means 'in your heart', 'hashamayim' means 'the heavens', 'eeleh' means 'I will go up' (future first person), 'mimma\'al' means 'from above' or 'higher than', 'lekokhvei' means 'to the stars of', 'el' means 'God', 'arim' means 'I will raise', 'kisei' means 'my throne', 'veesev' means 'and I will sit', 'behar' means 'on the mountain', 'moed' means 'assembly' or 'meeting', 'beyarketei' means 'in the region of', 'tsafon' means 'north'. The divine name 'El' is rendered literally as 'God' according to the translation rule.
[ISA.14.14] I will go up upon the high places of the cloud, I will be like the Most High. [§]
e'eleh al bamtei av edamme le'elyon.
'e'eleh' means 'I will go up', 'al' means 'upon', 'bamtei' means 'the high places', 'av' means 'cloud', 'edamme' means 'I will be like' or 'I will resemble', 'le'elyon' means 'to the Most High'.
[ISA.14.15] But you will go down to Sheol, to the pits of the abyss. [§]
ach el-shaol turad el-yarktei-bor.
'ach' means 'but' or 'only', 'el' means 'to', 'shaol' is the Hebrew term for the underworld or Sheol, 'turad' means 'you will descend' (second‑person masculine singular), the second 'el' again means 'to', 'yarktei' means 'the pits of', and 'bor' means 'a pit' or 'abyss'.
[ISA.14.16] You see, to you God they will look, to you God they will understand. This is the man who shakes the earth, who shakes kingdoms. [§]
Ro'ekha elaykha yashgihu elaykha yitbonanu hazeh ha'ish margiz ha'aretz mar'ish mamlachot.
'Ro'ekha' means 'you see'. 'El' means 'God', so 'elaykha' means 'to you God'. 'Yashgihu' means 'they will look'. 'Yitbonanu' means 'they will understand'. 'Hazeh' means 'this'. 'Ha'ish' means 'the man'. 'Margiz' means 'shakes' (from the root *ragaz*). 'Ha'aretz' means 'the earth'. 'Mar'ish' means 'shakes' (from the root *ra'ash*). 'Mamlachot' means 'kingdoms'. The verse is asking whether this is the man who causes the earth and kingdoms to shake.
[ISA.14.17] He set the world as a desert and its cities are ruined; his prisoners did not open a house. [§]
Sam tevel kamidbar ve'arav haras asirav lo patach bayita.
'Sam' means 'He set' or 'He placed', 'tevel' means 'the world', 'kamidbar' means 'as a desert', 've'arav' means 'and its cities', 'haras' means 'are ruined', 'asirav' means 'its prisoners', 'lo' means 'did not', 'patach' means 'open', 'bayita' means 'its house'.
[ISA.14.18] All the kings of the nations, all of them, have lain in glory, each in his house. [§]
Kol-malkhei goyim kullam shakvu bechavod ish bebeitó.
'Kol' means 'all', 'malkhei' means 'kings of', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'kullam' means 'all of them', 'shakvu' means 'have lain' or 'have rested', 'bechavod' means 'in glory' or 'with honor', 'ish' means 'each one' or 'each man', 'bebeito' means 'in his house'.
[ISA.14.19] And you have cast from your grave like a stained necklace, a garment of rags, sharpened swords, those who go down to the stones of the pit like a clothed corpse. [§]
ve'atta hashlachta mi-kivrekha ke-ne'tzer nit'av levush ha-rugim met'anei charev yordei el-avnei-bor ke-feger muvas.
've'atta' means 'and you'; 'hashlachta' means 'you have cast'; 'mi-kivrekha' means 'from your burial place/grave'; 'ke-ne'tzer' means 'like a necklace'; 'nit'av' means 'that is stained or marred'; 'levush' means 'garment'; 'ha-rugim' means 'the rags'; 'met'anei' means 'sharpened' (literally 'points of'); 'charev' means 'sword'; 'yordei' means 'those who go down' or 'descenders'; 'el-avnei-bor' means 'to the stones of the pit'; 'ke-feger' means 'like a corpse'; 'muvas' means 'clothed' or 'covered'.
[ISA.14.20] Not you will join them in burial, because your earth you have corrupted, your people you have killed; not will be called forever the seed of the wicked. [§]
lo tehad itam bikbura ki artzecha shichata ammecha haragta lo yikare leolam zera mreim.
'lo' means 'not', 'tehad' means 'you will unite' or 'you will join', 'itam' means 'them', 'bikbura' means 'in burial', 'ki' means 'because', 'artzecha' means 'your earth/land', 'shichata' means 'you have corrupted', 'ammecha' means 'your people', 'haragta' means 'you have killed', 'lo' again means 'not', 'yikare' means 'will be called', 'leolam' means 'forever', 'zera' means 'seed' or 'offspring', 'mreim' means 'wicked' or 'evil'.
[ISA.14.21] We prepared for his son a trial because of their ancestors, that they will not rise and inherit the land and will fill the face of the earth with cities. [§]
hachiinu levanav matbeach ba'avon avotam bal-yakumu ve-yarsu eretz u-malu penei tevel arim.
'hachiinu' means 'we prepared', 'levanav' means 'for his son', 'matbeach' means 'a test or trial', 'ba'avon' means 'because of the sin', 'avotam' means 'their ancestors', 'bal-' means 'without', 'yakumu' means 'they will rise', 've-yarsu' means 'and inherit', 'eretz' means 'land', 'u-malu' means 'and fill', 'penei' means 'the face of', 'tevel' means 'the world/earth', 'arim' means 'cities'.
[ISA.14.22] And I will arise against them, declares Yahveh of hosts, and I will cut off from Babylon the name, the shame, the prostitution, and the harlotry, declares Yahveh. [§]
veqamti aleihem ne'um Yahveh Tzevaot vehiqrati leBabbel shem u'shar v'nin v'neched ne'um Yahveh.
'veqamti' means 'and I will arise', 'aleihem' means 'against them', 'ne'um' means 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'vehiqrati' means 'and I will cut off', 'leBabbel' means 'from Babylon', 'shem' means 'name', 'u'shar' means 'and shame', 'v'nin' means 'and prostitution', 'v'neched' means 'and harlotry', the final 'ne'um Yahveh' repeats 'declares Yahveh'. The divine name YHVH is rendered as the literal 'Yahveh' according to the given rule.
[ISA.14.23] And he placed it as a heritage of Kipod and the flood of water, and he will scour it with the destroyer’s smiter, says Yahveh of hosts. [§]
ve-samtiha le-morash kipod ve-agmei mayim ve-teatea be-matate hashmed ne'um Yahveh tzevaot
've' means 'and', 'samtiha' means 'he placed it' (literally 'he set it'), 'le-morash' means 'as a heritage' or 'for inheritance', 'kipod' is a proper noun here, possibly a place or name, 've' again means 'and', 'agmei' means 'floods' or 'waters', 'mayim' means 'water', so 've-agmei mayim' = 'and the flood of water', 've' again = 'and', 'teatea' means 'he will scour' or 'he will sweep', 'be' = 'with', 'matate' means 'the smiter' or 'the one who strikes', 'hashmed' means 'the destruction' or 'the destroyer', 'ne\'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, and 'tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in the army of Yahveh).
[ISA.14.24] Yahveh of Hosts swore, saying, 'If not as I have decided, then it was so; and as I have planned, it will arise.' [§]
Nishba Yahveh Tzevaot le'amar im lo ka'asher dimiti ken haytah ve'ka'asher ya'atsiti hi takum.
'Nishba' means 'he swore'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH; 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in the heavenly armies); 'le'amar' means 'to say' or 'saying'; 'im lo' means 'if not'; 'ka'asher' means 'as' or 'like'; 'dimiti' means 'I have decided' or 'I have judged'; 'ken' means 'so' or 'then'; 'haytah' means 'it was'; 've'ka'asher' means 'and as'; 'ya'atsiti' means 'I have advised' or 'I have planned'; 'hi' means 'it'; 'takum' means 'will arise' or 'will stand'.
[ISA.14.25] To break Assyria in my land, and upon the hills I will trounce it; and its burden will depart from over them, and its yoke from upon its back shall be removed. [§]
Lishbor Assur beartzi ve'al haray avusennu vesar me'aleihem ulo vesublo me'al shichmo yasur.
'Lishbor' means 'to break', 'Assur' means 'Assyria', 'beartzi' means 'in my land', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'haray' means 'the hills', 'avusennu' means 'I will trample it', 'vesar' means 'and it shall be removed', 'me'aleihem' means 'from over them', 'ulo' means 'his burden', 'vesublo' means 'and his yoke', 'me'al' means 'from above', 'shichmo' means 'his back', 'yasur' means 'shall be removed'.
[ISA.14.26] This is the counsel that advises over all the earth, and this is the outstretched hand over all the nations. [§]
Zot ha'etsah ha-ye'utza al kol ha'aretz ve'zot ha-yad ha-ntuya al kol ha-goyim.
'Zot' means 'this', 'ha'etsah' means 'the counsel', 'ha-ye'utza' means 'that advises' or 'the advising', 'al' means 'over' or 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'ha'aretz' means 'the earth', 've' means 'and', 'zot' means 'this', 'ha-yad' means 'the hand', 'ha-ntuya' means 'stretched out' or 'extended', 'ha-goyim' means 'the nations'.
[ISA.14.27] For Yahveh of hosts counsels, and who will break? And his outstretched hand, and who will restore it. [§]
kee yahveh tzva'ot ya'etz u-mee ya-fer ve-ya-do ha-neh-too-yah u-mee ye-shee-beh-nah.
'kee' means 'for', 'yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzva'ot' means 'of hosts' (Armies), 'ya'etz' means 'counsels', 'u-mee' means 'and who', 'ya-fer' means 'will break', 've-ya-do' means 'and his hand', 'ha-neh-too-yah' means 'the outstretched', 'u-mee' means 'and who', 'ye-shee-beh-nah' means 'will restore it'.
[ISA.14.28] In the second year of the death of King Ahaz, this burden was. [§]
Bishnat-mot ha-melekh Ahaz hayah ha-massa ha-zeh.
'Bishnat' means 'in the year of', 'mot' means 'death', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Ahaz' is the name of the king, 'hayah' means 'was' or 'happened', 'ha-massa' means 'the burden' or 'the matter', 'ha-zeh' means 'this'.
[ISA.14.29] Do not rejoice, O Philistines, all of you, because your staff is broken, because from the root of a snake a viper will go out and its fruit will be a burning flier. [§]
al-tism'chi peleshet kullekh ki nishbar shevet makhek ki mishoresh nachash yetse tzefa u-piryo saraf meofef.
'al-tism'chi' means 'do not rejoice', 'peleshet' means 'Philistines', 'kullekh' means 'all of you', 'ki' means 'because', 'nishbar' means 'is broken', 'shevet' means 'staff', 'makhek' means 'your staff', 'mishoresh' means 'from the root', 'nachash' means 'snake', 'yetse' means 'will go out', 'tzefa' means 'viper', 'u-piryo' means 'and its fruit', 'saraf' means 'burning', 'meofef' means 'flying' or 'fluttering'.
[ISA.14.30] And they will do evil against the firstborn of the poor and the needy; they will sit in confidence, and I will bring famine upon your root, and your remnant Yahveh will kill. [§]
ve-ra'u be-chorei dalim ve-evyonim lavetach yirbatzu ve-hemi ti barav shar'shekh u-she'eritecha yah-rog.
've' means 'and', 'ra'u' means 'they will do evil', 'be-chorei' means 'against the firstborn of', 'dalim' means 'the poor', 've-evyonim' means 'and the needy', 'lavetach' means 'in confidence', 'yirbatzu' means 'they will sit', 've-hemi' means 'and I will', 'ti' (from 'ti') is a verbal suffix meaning 'you will', 'barav' means 'in famine', 'shar'shekh' means 'your root', 'u-she'eritecha' means 'and your remnant', 'yah-rog' is the verb 'to kill' prefixed by the divine name 'Yah' which is rendered literally as 'Yahveh'.
[ISA.14.31] My exultation gate, my lament city, I flee Palestine all because smoke from the north comes and there is no one who flees at its appointed time. [§]
Heili sha'ar za'aki ir namog peleshet kullek ki mitzafon ashan ba ve ein boded bemo'adav.
'Heili' is a proper noun perhaps meaning "my exultation"; 'sha\'ar' means "gate"; 'za\'aki' is a form of "cry" or "lament"; 'ir' means "city"; 'namog' is an obscure verb possibly "I flee"; 'peleshet' is a form of "Philistine" or "Palestine"; 'kullek' means "all of you"; 'ki' means "because"; 'mitzafon' means "from the north"; 'ashan' means "smoke"; 'ba' means "comes"; 've' means "and"; 'ein' means "there is no"; 'boded' is a verb meaning "one who flees"; 'bemo\'adav' means "in its appointed time".
[ISA.14.32] What will the angels of the nation answer, that Yahveh has founded Zion, and in it the poor of his people will find refuge. [§]
uma ma ya'ane mal'achei goy ki Yahveh yisad Tziyon ubah yechesu aniyye ammo.
'uma' means 'and what', 'ma' means 'what', 'ya'ane' means 'will answer', 'mal'achei' means 'angels of', 'goy' means 'the nation', 'ki' means 'because' or 'that', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'yisad' means 'has founded', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion', 'ubah' means 'in it', 'yechesu' means 'will take refuge' or 'will find shelter', 'aniyye' means 'the poor', 'ammo' means 'of his people'. The verse asks what the angels of the nations will answer concerning the fact that Yahveh has established Zion, and that in Zion the poor of his people will find refuge.
ISA.15
[ISA.15.1] The disaster of Moab, for in the night the city of Moab is overthrown; for in the night the wall of Moab is overthrown. [§]
Masa Moab ki v'leil shudad areh Moab nidmah ki v'leil shudad kir-Moab nidmah.
'Masa' means 'disaster' or 'burden', 'Moab' is the name of the nation, 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'v'leil' means 'in the night', 'shudad' means 'overthrown' or 'destroyed', 'areh' means 'city', 'nidmah' means 'has been overthrown' (a verb in the perfect passive), the second clause repeats 'ki v'leil shudad' and adds 'kir-Moab' where 'kir' means 'wall' and 'nidmah' again means 'has been overthrown'.
[ISA.15.2] The house rose and the horn of the high places for my weeping, upon Nevo and upon Meidva of Moab it will be devastated; in all its heads it is bald, every old man is shaved. [§]
alah habbayit ve-dibon habamoth levechi al-nevo ve-al meidva Moab yeyelil bechol-roshav karcha kol-zakan geruah.
'alah' means 'went up' or 'rose', 'habbayit' means 'the house', 've-dibon' means 'and the dibon (horn or trumpet)', 'habamoth' means 'of the high places', 'levechi' means 'for my weeping', 'al-nevo' means 'upon Nevo', 've-al' means 'and upon', 'meidva' means 'Meidva (a place name)', 'Moab' is the nation Moab, 'yeyelil' is a verb meaning 'will be devastated' or 'will be reduced', 'bechol-roshav' means 'in all his heads', 'karcha' means 'bald', 'kol-zakan' means 'every old man', 'geruah' means 'shaved' or 'torn off'.
[ISA.15.3] In its outskirts they girded a sack upon its rooftops, and in its broad places all of it cries out, descending in weeping. [§]
bechutotav chagru saq al gaggoteha uvirchovoteha kullo yeyelil yored babekhi.
'bechutotav' means 'in its outskirts', 'chagru' means 'they girded' or 'they encircled', 'saq' means 'a sack', 'al' means 'upon', 'gaggoteha' means 'its rooftops', 'uvirchovoteha' means 'and in its broad places', 'kullo' means 'all of it', 'yeyelil' means 'it cries out' or 'it wails', 'yored' means 'goes down' or 'descends', 'babekhi' means 'in weeping'.
[ISA.15.4] And the accountant and Elaleh cried out until he struck; their voice was heard. Therefore the Moabite divisions shouted, his soul was weary for him. [§]
Va-tiz'aq Cheshbon ve-El'aleh ad-yahatz nishma kolam al-ken chalutzey Moav yari'u nafsho yare'a lo.
'Va-tiz'aq' means 'and (someone) cried out', 'Cheshbon' means 'the accountant' or 'the one who reckons', 've-El'aleh' means 'and Elaleh' (a personal name), 'ad-yahatz' means 'until he struck', 'nishma' means 'was heard', 'kolam' means 'their voice', 'al-ken' means 'therefore', 'chalutzey' means 'the divisions' or 'the halves', 'Moav' means 'Moab', 'yari'u' means 'shouted' or 'raised a cry', 'nafsho' means 'his soul', 'yare'a' means 'was weary' or 'was faint', 'lo' means 'for him'. No divine titles appear in this verse, so the standard translations are used for all words.
[ISA.15.5] My heart to Moab will cry in its bitterness until the horn of the lamb of the third because the ascent of the tablet in weeping will rise in it, because the way of the ravens is a cry of breaking that will disturb. [§]
Libbi lemoav yiz'ak be'richah ad-tzoar egalat shlishiyah ki ma'aleh halluychit bivchi ya'aleh-vo ki derekh choronayim za'aqat-shever ye'oro.
'Libbi' means 'my heart', 'lemoav' means 'to Moab', 'yiz'ak' means 'will cry', 'be'richah' means 'in its bitterness', 'ad-tzoar' means 'until the horn', 'egalat' means 'of a lamb', 'shlishiyah' means 'third', 'ki' means 'because', 'ma'aleh' means 'the ascent', 'halluychit' means 'the tablet', 'bivchi' means 'in weeping', 'ya'aleh-vo' means 'will rise in it', 'derekh' means 'the way', 'choronayim' means 'ravens', 'za'aqat-shever' means 'cry of breaking', 'ye'oro' means 'will disturb'.
[ISA.15.6] Because the bitter waters will become stagnant, for when the stubble is dry all the grass will not be green. [§]
ki mei nimrim meshamot yihyu ki yavesh chatzir kalah deshe yerek lo haya.
'ki' means 'because', 'mei' means 'waters of', 'nimrim' means 'bitter', 'meshamot' means 'stagnant' or 'stinking', 'yihyu' means 'they will be', 'ki' means 'because' (again), 'yavesh' means 'dry', 'chatzir' means 'stubble' or 'grass that has been cut', 'kalah' means 'all' or 'completely', 'deshe' means 'grass', 'yerek' means 'green', 'lo' means 'not', 'haya' means 'was'.
[ISA.15.7] Therefore the work will increase, and their charge upon the desert valley they will bear. [§]
Al-ken yithra asah upekudatam al nachal ha'aravim yissaum.
'Al-ken' means 'therefore', 'yithra' means 'will increase' or 'will overflow', 'asah' means 'the work' or 'the deed', 'upekudatam' means 'and their charge' or 'their duty', 'al' means 'upon', 'nachal' means 'valley' or 'stream', 'ha'aravim' means 'the deserts' or 'the wilderness', 'yissaum' means 'they will bear' or 'they will carry'.
[ISA.15.8] Because the outcry has surrounded the border of Moab up to the rivers, she will wail, and at the spring of the goats she will wail. [§]
ki hiqifah hazeaqa et gevul Moab ad eglayim yilletah ve'er eilim yilletah.
'ki' means 'because', 'hiqifah' means 'has surrounded' (from the root qof-peh meaning to surround), 'hazeaqa' means 'the outcry' or 'the shout', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'gevul' means 'border' or 'boundary', 'Moab' is the name of the nation Moab, 'ad' means 'to' or 'up to', 'eglayim' means 'the rivers' (literally 'two streams'), 'yilletah' means 'she will wail' or 'her lament', 've'er' means 'and at the spring' (with the conjunction ve- meaning 'and'), 'eilim' means 'goats' (plural of 'ram'), and the final 'yilletah' repeats 'she will wail'.
[ISA.15.9] Because the waters of Dimon are filled with blood, because I will set upon Dimon additional ... for the shedding of Moab the lion and for the remnant of the land. [§]
ki mei dimon malu dam ki ashit al dimon nosafot lefilitat moab aryah velishe'rit adamah.
'ki' means 'because', 'mei' means 'waters', 'dimon' is a proper name or term (interpreted here as a place associated with blood), 'malu' means 'are filled', 'dam' means 'blood', the second 'ki' again means 'because', 'ashit' means 'I will place' or 'I will set', 'al' means 'upon', the second 'dimon' repeats the place name, 'nosafot' means 'additional' or 'extra', 'lefilitat' means 'for the shedding' or 'to cause to flee', 'moab' is the nation Moab, 'aryeh' means 'lion', 've' means 'and', 'lishe'rit' means 'for the remnant', 'adamah' means 'land'.
ISA.16
[ISA.16.1] Send the horn, ruler of the earth, from the rock, from the desert, to the mountain, the daughter of Zion. [§]
Shilchu kar Moshel eretz Mi sela Midbarrha El har Bat Tzion.
'Shilchu' means 'send' (imperative plural). 'kar' means 'horn'. 'Moshel' means 'ruler' or 'governor'. 'eretz' means 'the earth'. 'Mi' means 'from'. 'sela' means 'rock'. 'Midbarrha' means 'desert' (with the preposition 'from the desert'). 'El' means 'to'. 'har' means 'mountain'. 'Bat' means 'daughter' (used poetically for Zion). 'Tzion' means 'Zion'.
[ISA.16.2] And it shall be like a wandering bird, a scattered nest; they will become the daughters of Moab, the passes to the Arnon. [§]
ve-hayah ke'of noded ken meshulach tihyeina benot Moab ma'avrot le-Arnon.
've-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ke'of' means 'like a bird', 'noded' means 'wandering', 'ken' means 'nest', 'meshulach' means 'scattered' or 'shaken', 'tihyeina' means 'they will become', 'benot' means 'daughters', 'Moab' is the nation Moab, 'ma'avrot' means 'passes' or 'crossings', 'le-Arnon' means 'to the Arnon (river)'. The phrase uses a poetic metaphor of a wandering bird's nest that becomes scattered, illustrating the daughters of Moab as passages leading to the Arnon.
[ISA.16.3] Bring counsel, make an accusation, set your shadow within the midday, hide the outcasts, wander, do not reveal. [§]
haviyu etzah asu pelilah shiti kallayil tzilekh betoch tzaharayim satri nidachim noded al-tegalli.
'haviyu' means 'bring' (plural imperative), 'etzah' means 'counsel' or 'advice', 'asu' means 'make' or 'do', 'pelilah' means 'accusation' or 'charge', 'shiti' means 'place' or 'set', 'kallayil' means 'the night' (lit. 'night'), 'tzilekh' means 'your shadow', 'betoch' means 'within' or 'inside', 'tzaharayim' means 'midday' or 'noon', 'satri' means 'hide' (imperative), 'nidachim' means 'the outcasts' or 'the rejected ones', 'noded' means 'wander' (imperative), 'al-tegalli' means 'do not uncover' or 'do not reveal'.
[ISA.16.4] They will be scattered, you outcasts of Moab, be a cover to them before the spoiler, because the ruin is finished, despoil, they will be completely crushed from the earth. [§]
yaguru bach nidachai moab hevi seter lamo mipenei shoded ki afes hametz kala shod tammu romes min haaretz.
'yaguru' means 'they will be scattered', 'bach' means 'you (feminine)', 'nidachai' means 'the outcasts', 'moab' is the name of a nation, 'hevi' means 'be', 'seter' means 'a secret' or 'cover', 'lamo' means 'to them', 'mipenei' means 'before' or 'in the presence of', 'shoded' means 'the spoiler', 'ki' means 'because', 'afes' means 'to be faint', 'hametz' means 'the ruin', 'kala' means 'has finished', 'shod' means 'despoil', 'tammu' means 'they will be complete', 'romes' means 'crushing', 'min haaretz' means 'from the earth'.
[ISA.16.5] And it shall be established in lovingkindness as a throne, and He will sit upon it in truth, in the tent of David, judging and seeking judgment, and swift in justice. [§]
vehukan bachesed kisse veyashav alav beemet beohel david shofet vedoresh mishpat umehir tzedek
'vehukan' means 'and it will be established', 'bachesed' means 'in lovingkindness', 'kisse' means 'throne', 'veyashav' means 'and He will sit', 'alav' means 'upon it', 'beemet' means 'in truth', 'beohel' means 'in the tent', 'david' means 'David', 'shofet' means 'judging', 'vedoresh' means 'and seeking', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'umehir' means 'and swift', 'tzedek' means 'justice'.
[ISA.16.6] We have heard the pride of Moab; he is exceedingly arrogant—his pride, his arrogance, and his transgression are not like this in his blood. [§]
Shamanu ge'on Moav, ge'a me'od, ga'avato vege'ono ve'evrato lo chen ba-dav.
'Shamanu' means 'we have heard', 'ge'on' means 'pride' or 'arrogance', 'Moav' is the name of the nation Moab, 'ge'a' means 'boasts' or 'is proud', 'me'od' means 'exceedingly', 'ga'avato' means 'his pride', 'vege'ono' means 'and his arrogance', 've'evrato' means 'and his transgression', 'lo chen' means 'not like this' or 'not so', 'ba-dav' means 'in his blood' (literally 'in his blood').
[ISA.16.7] Therefore Yahveh mocks Moab; against Moab all Yahveh mocks. To the rejoicing the wall of silence they will rise, only the upright. [§]
Lachen yehilil Moab le-Moab kulloh yehilil la-ashishe kir-charest tehgu ach-nekhaim.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'yehilil' is taken as a form of the divine name YHVH and is rendered as 'Yahveh mocks', 'Moab' is the name of the nation Moab, 'le-Moab' means 'against Moab', 'kulloh' means 'all of it', the second 'yehilil' repeats the divine action, 'la-ashishe' means 'to the happy ones' or 'to the rejoicing', 'kir-charest' is a compound meaning 'wall of silence' (kir = wall, charest = silence), 'tehgu' means 'they will rise' or 'they will be lifted', and 'ach-nekhaim' means 'only the upright' (ach = only, nekhaim = upright ones).
[ISA.16.8] For bloodshed, account, cursed vine, its fruit, owners of nations fled its grapes until help; they struck, they went astray in the wilderness; its messengers were abandoned, they crossed the sea. [§]
Ki shadmot chesbon umlal gefen sivmah ba'alei goyim halmu serukehah ad-ya'azer nag'u ta'u midbar sheluchoteha nitshu avru yam.
'Ki' means 'for', 'shadmot' means 'bloodshed', 'chesbon' means 'account', 'umlal' means 'cursed', 'gefen' means 'vine', 'sivmah' means 'its fruit', 'ba'alei' means 'owners of', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'halmu' means 'they have fled', 'serukehah' means 'its grapes', 'ad' means 'until', 'ya'azer' means 'help', 'nag'u' means 'they struck', 'ta'u' means 'they went astray', 'midbar' means 'wilderness', 'sheluchoteha' means 'its messengers', 'nitshu' means 'they abandoned', 'avru' means 'they crossed', 'yam' means 'sea'.
[ISA.16.9] Therefore I will weep; in my weeping may He help the bitter vine, my sorrow, my tears, the reckoning, and my ascent, because on your summer ripeness and on your harvest the heap has fallen. [§]
al-ken evke bivchi ya'azer gefen sivmah arayavekh dimati cheshbon ve'elaleh ki al-keitzekh ve'al-ktzirekh heydad naphal.
'al-ken' means 'therefore' or 'because of that', 'evke' means 'I will weep', 'bivchi' means 'in my weeping', 'ya'azer' means 'may (he) help', 'gefen' means 'vine', 'sivmah' means 'of bitterness', 'arayavekh' (lit. 'my arayav') is a poetic form meaning 'my sorrow' or 'my bitterness', 'dimati' means 'my tears', 'cheshbon' means 'account' or 'calculation', 've'elaleh' means 'and I will ascend' or 'and my ascent', 'ki' means 'because', 'al-keitzekh' means 'on your summer/ripe fruit', 've'al-ktzirekh' means 'and on your harvest', 'heydad' means 'the heap' or 'the pile', 'naphal' means 'has fallen'.
[ISA.16.10] And let joy and gladness be gathered from the vineyard, and in the vineyards there shall be no startling, no trembling; wine in the vats shall not be poured, the pourer has ceased, I have broken. [§]
ve-ne'esaf simcha v'gil min-hakarmel u'ba'kramim lo yerunan lo yerroa yayin ba-yekavim lo yidrokh hadorekh heydad hishbati.
've' means 'and', 'ne'esaf' means 'be gathered', 'simcha' means 'joy', 'v'gil' means 'and gladness', 'min-hakarmel' means 'from the vineyard', 'u'ba'kramim' means 'and in the vineyards', 'lo' means 'not', 'yerunan' (root r-n) means 'to be startled or frightened', 'yerroa' (root r-ʿ) means 'to tremble or quake', 'yayin' means 'wine', 'ba-yekavim' means 'in the vats', 'lo yidrokh' means 'shall not be poured out', 'hadorekh' means 'the one who pours or spreads', 'heydad' is a rare term likely meaning 'has ceased' or 'has stopped', 'hishbati' means 'I have broken or destroyed'.
[ISA.16.11] Therefore from my side to Moab like a harp they will hum, and my innermost to the wall of the craftsman. [§]
al ken mei lemoab ka kinor yehemu veqirbi leqir khares.
'al' means 'on' or 'upon', 'ken' means 'therefore', together 'al ken' = 'therefore'. 'mei' is a construct form meaning 'from my' or 'my side'. 'lemoab' means 'to Moab' (the region east of the Jordan). 'ka' is a comparative prefix meaning 'like' or 'as', and 'kinor' means 'harp' or 'lyre', so 'ka kinor' = 'like a harp'. 'yehemu' is a verb meaning 'they will hum' or 'they will sound'. 've' is the conjunction 'and', 'qirbi' (qirbi) means 'my inner' or 'my close one' (a poetic idiom for 'my innermost'). 'leqir' means 'to the wall' (qir = wall). 'khares' means 'craftsman' or 'smith'. The idiom 'my inner to the wall of the craftsman' is a poetic image that likely refers to a place of protection or strength.
[ISA.16.12] And it shall be when it is seen, when Moab is hidden upon the high place, and he will come to his sanctuary to pray, and he will not be able. [§]
vehayah ki niraah ki nilah Moav al habamah uva el mikdasho lehitpallel velo yuchal.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ki' means 'when' or 'because', 'niraah' means 'it is seen' or 'it appears', 'ki' again means 'when', 'nilah' means 'it is hidden' or 'it is concealed', 'Moav' is the proper name 'Moab', 'al' means 'upon', 'habamah' means 'the high place' or 'the hill', 'uva' means 'and he will come', 'el' means 'to' or 'unto', 'mikdasho' means 'his sanctuary' (the holy place belonging to the God being referred to), 'lehitpallel' means 'to pray', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yuchal' means 'he can' or 'he is able'.
[ISA.16.13] This is the word which Yahveh spoke to Moab of old. [§]
Zeh ha-davar asher diber Yahveh el-Moav me'az.
'Zeh' means 'this', 'ha-davar' means 'the word' or 'the matter', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'diber' means 'spoke' or 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el-Moav' means 'to Moab', 'me'az' means 'of old' or 'formerly'.
[ISA.16.14] Now Yahveh said, 'In three years, as if two years of hire, the glory of Moab shall be broken among all the great multitude, the many, and a small portion, not great.' [§]
veata dibber Yahveh leemor beshalosh shanim kishnei sakhir veniklah kavod Moab bekhol hehamon harav ushear meat miz'ar lo kabir.
'veata' means 'now', 'dibber' means 'spoke' or 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH, 'leemor' means 'to say', 'beshalosh' means 'in three', 'shanim' means 'years', 'kishnei' means 'as two', 'sakhir' means 'hire' or 'hired', 'veniklah' means 'and shall be ruined', 'kavod' means 'glory', 'Moab' is the name of the nation Moab, 'bekhol' means 'in all', 'hehamon' means 'the great multitude', 'harav' means 'the many', 'ushear' means 'and a little', 'meat' means 'a little' (quantity), 'miz'ar' means 'small', 'lo' means 'not', 'kabir' means 'great' or 'big'.
ISA.17
[ISA.17.1] Burden of Damascus, behold, Damascus is instruction from the city and it will become my downfall. [§]
Massa Damascus, hineh Damascus musar me'ir vehayta mei maffalah.
'Massa' means 'burden', 'Damascus' is the proper name of the city, 'hineh' means 'behold', 'musar' means 'instruction' or 'discipline', 'me'ir' means 'from a city', 'vehayta' means 'and it will become', 'mei' means 'my', 'maffalah' means 'fall' or 'downfall'.
[ISA.17.2] Deserted cities of Aroer will be for the congregations, and they will lie down, and there is no restrainer. [§]
azubot arei Aroer la'adarim tihyeina veravtzu veeen macharid.
'azubot' means 'deserted' or 'abandoned', 'arei' means 'cities of', 'Aroer' is a place name, 'la'adarim' means 'for the assemblies' or 'to the congregations', 'tihyeina' means 'they will become' or 'it will be', 'veravtzu' means 'and they will lie down' or 'and they will settle', 'veeen' means 'and there is not' or 'and there is no', 'macharid' means 'preventer' or 'one who restrains'. The phrase uses a poetic construction where the cities are described as being left empty and lacking any restraining authority.
[ISA.17.3] And a stronghold will be taken away from Ephraim, and a kingdom from Damascus, and the remnant of Aram will be as the glory of the sons of Israel, says Yahveh of hosts. [§]
ve-nishbat mibtzar me-Ephraim u-mamlacha mi-dammesek u-shear Aram kikhovod b'nei Yisrael yihyu ne'um Yahveh tzevaot.
've-nishbat' means 'and will be taken away', 'mibtzar' means 'from the stronghold/fortress', 'me-Ephraim' means 'from Ephraim', 'u-mamlacha' means 'and a kingdom', 'mi-dammesek' means 'from Damascus', 'u-shear' means 'and the remnant', 'Aram' is the name of the region Aram, 'kikhovod' means 'as the glory', 'b'nei Yisrael' means 'of the sons of Israel', 'yihyu' means 'they will be', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'of hosts'.
[ISA.17.4] And on that day the glory of Jacob will be diminished, and the fat of his flesh will be removed. [§]
vehayah bayom hahu yidal kavod Yaakov umishman be-saro yerzeh.
'vehayah' means 'and it will be', 'bayom' means 'in the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'yidal' means 'will be diminished', 'kavod' means 'glory', 'Yaakov' is the personal name Jacob, 'umishman' means 'and the fat', 'be-saro' means 'of his flesh', 'yerzeh' means 'will be removed' or 'eradicated'.
[ISA.17.5] And it shall be as a harvest, the cutter standing, and his arm will cut bundles; and it shall be as one who gathers bundles in the valley of Rephaim. [§]
vehayah ke'esof katsir kama, uzro'o shivolim yiktsor, vehayah kimelaket shivolim be'emeq Rephaim.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ke'esof' means 'as a gathering/harvest', 'katsir' means 'harvest', 'kama' means 'standing' or 'upright', 'uzro'o' means 'and his arm', 'shivolim' means 'bundles', 'yiktsor' means 'will cut', 'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'kimelaket' means 'as one who gathers', 'shivolim' means 'bundles', 'be'emeq' means 'in the valley', 'Rephaim' is a place name meaning 'the healings' or 'physicians'.
[ISA.17.6] And it remained in him spittle like a pestle olive, two three rollers on the chief ruler, four five in its side fruitful, says Yahveh, the Gods of Israel. [§]
ve-nishar bo olelot kenokef zayit shnayim shlosha gargarim be-rosh amir arba'a chamisha bis'afeha poriyah ne'um Yahveh Elohei Yisrael.
've-nishar' means 'and it remained', 'bo' means 'in him', 'olelot' means 'spittle' or 'drool', 'kenokef' means 'like a pestle', 'zayit' means 'olive', 'shnayim' means 'two', 'shlosha' means 'three', 'gargarim' means 'rollers' or 'grinders', 'be-rosh' means 'in the head' or 'on the chief', 'amir' means 'ruler' or 'prince', 'arba'a' means 'four', 'chamisha' means 'five', 'bis'afeha' means 'in its side', 'poriyah' means 'fruitful' or 'bearing fruit', 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'Said Yahveh', 'Elohei Yisrael' means 'the Gods of Israel'.
[ISA.17.7] On that day he will save the man from his maker, and his eyes will look toward the Holy One of Israel. [§]
Ba-yom ha-hu yisheh ha-adam al-osehu ve-einav el kadosh Yisrael tir'eyna.
'Ba-yom' means 'in the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that', together 'on that day'. 'Yisheh' is the verb 'he will save'. 'Ha-adam' means 'the man'. 'Al' is a preposition meaning 'from' or 'against'. 'Osehu' means 'his maker' (the one who made him). 'Ve-einav' means 'and his eyes'. 'El' means 'to' (the preposition 'el' not a divine name here). 'Kadosh' is a divine title meaning 'the Holy One'. 'Yisrael' means 'of Israel'. 'Tir'eyna' is the future verb 'will look/see' (feminine singular, referring to 'eyes'). The only divine title present is 'kadosh', which is rendered as 'the Holy One' since it is not one of the specific names listed for literal translation.
[ISA.17.8] And he will not deliver to the altars the work of his hand, and what his fingers have made he will not look upon, nor the ashers and the priests. [§]
ve'lo yishe'e el-hamitzbechot ma'ase yadav va'asher asu etzba'otav lo yireh veha'asharim ve'hachamanim.
've'lo' means 'and not', 'yishe'e' means 'will save/deliver', 'el' means 'to', 'hamitzbechot' means 'the altars', 'ma'ase' means 'the work', 'yadav' means 'of his hand', 'va'asher' means 'and that which', 'asu' means 'they made', 'etzba'otav' means 'his fingers', 'lo' means 'not', 'yireh' means 'will see/look upon', 'veha'asharim' means 'and the ashers', 've'hachamanim' means 'and the priests'.
[ISA.17.9] On that day the cities of its fortress will be like an abandoned farmstead, and it will be said that they were abandoned because of the children of Israel, and it will become desolation. [§]
Beyom hahu yihyu arei ma'uzo ka'azubat hachoresh veha'amir asher azvu mipnei b'nei Yisrael vehayetah shamama.
'Beyom' means 'on the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'yihyu' means 'they will be', 'arei' means 'cities', 'ma'uzo' means 'its fortress', 'ka'azubat' means 'like the abandonment of', 'hachoresh' means 'the farmstead', 'veha'amir' means 'and it will be said', 'asher' means 'that', 'azvu' means 'they abandoned', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'b'nei' means 'the children of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'vehayetah' means 'and it will become', 'shamama' means 'desolation' or 'waste'.
[ISA.17.10] Because you have forgotten the God of your salvation and the Rock your refuge, you have not remembered; therefore you will plant the shoots of vines, and you will sow a foreign song. [§]
Ki shachacht elohi yishekh ve tzur mauzekh lo zakhart alken titti nitei naamanim uzemorat zar tizraennu.
'Ki' means 'because', 'shachacht' means 'you have forgotten', 'elohi' means 'God of' (using the literal translation of El as God), 'yishekh' means 'your salvation', 've' means 'and', 'tzur' means 'rock' (a metaphor for a strong protector), 'mauzekh' means 'your refuge', 'lo' means 'not', 'zakhart' means 'you remembered', 'alken' means 'therefore', 'titti' means 'you will plant', 'nitei' means 'the shoots', 'naamanim' means 'of vines' (literally 'pleasant ones' but here understood as grapevines), 'uzemorat' means 'and a foreign song', 'zar' means 'foreign', 'tizraennu' means 'you will sow it'. The divine name 'El' is translated as 'God', and the construct form 'elohi' follows the rule of translating 'El' literally.
[ISA.17.11] In the day you are planted you will flourish, and in the morning your seed will blossom; a sudden harvest in the day of inheritance, and the pain of man. [§]
Beyom nit'ech teshgeshegi uva'boker zar'ech tafrihi ned katsir beyom nachala uke'ev anush.
'Beyom' means 'in the day', 'nit'ech' means 'you are planted', 'teshgeshegi' means 'you will flourish', 'uva'boker' means 'and in the morning', 'zar'ech' means 'your seed', 'tafrihi' means 'you will blossom', 'ned' means 'sudden' or 'quick', 'katsir' means 'harvest', 'beyom' again means 'in the day', 'nachala' means 'inheritance' or 'possession', 'uke'ev' means 'and the pain', 'anush' means 'of man' or 'of humanity'.
[ISA.17.12] Alas, a great multitude of peoples, many, like waves of the seas they will roar, and a tumult for the nations like a flood of great waters they will carry away. [§]
Hoy hamon amim rabim kahamot yamim yehemyun u'she'on le'ummim kishon mayim kabirim yishaun.
'Hoy' means 'alas', 'hamon' means 'a multitude', 'amim' means 'of peoples', 'rabim' means 'many', 'kahamot' means 'like waves', 'yamim' means 'of seas', 'yehemyun' means 'they will roar' (from the root meaning 'to roar, to make a tumult'), 'u'she'on' means 'and a tumult', 'le'ummim' means 'for nations', 'kishon' means 'like a flood', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'kabirim' means 'great', 'yishaun' means 'they will carry away' (from the root meaning 'to carry, to bring forth').
[ISA.17.13] To the nations like a flood of many waters they will raise, and they will stir it, and they fled from afar, and they were pursued like a gust of the mountains before the wind and like a rolling before the storm. [§]
Le'ummim kishon mayim rabbim yishauun vegaar bo venas mimerachak verudaf kemos harim lifnei-ruach u'kegalgal lifnei sufa.
'Le'ummim' means 'to the nations', 'kishon' means 'like a flood', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'rabbim' means 'many', 'yishauun' means 'they will lift/raise', 'vega'ar' means 'and they will stir', 'bo' means 'in it', 'venas' means 'and they fled', 'mimerachak' means 'from afar', 'verudaf' means 'and they were pursued', 'kemos' means 'like a gust', 'harim' means 'of the mountains', 'lifnei-ruach' means 'before the wind', 'u'kegalgal' means 'and like a rolling', 'lifnei sufa' means 'before the storm'.
[ISA.17.14] At evening, and behold, it is forbidden before morning; this is not our portion of disaster, and it is destined to be despised by us. [§]
Le'et erev vehineh balaha be'terem boker einenu ze chelek shosenu ve-goral levozzeinu.
'Le\'et' means 'at the time of', 'erev' means 'evening', 'vehineh' means 'and behold', 'balaha' means 'it is forbidden', 'be\'terem' means 'before', 'boker' means 'morning', 'einenu' means 'it is not', 'ze' means 'this', 'chelek' means 'portion', 'shosenu' means 'our disaster', 've-goral' means 'and is destined', 'levozzeinu' means 'to be despised by us'.
ISA.18
[ISA.18.1] Woe, O land, trembling like wings, that is beyond the rivers of Kush. [§]
Hoy eretz tzeltsal knafayim asher me'ever le'naharei Kush.
'Hoy' means 'woe', 'eretz' means 'land', 'tzeltsal' means 'shakes' or 'trembles', 'knafayim' means 'wings', 'asher' means 'that', 'me'ever' means 'beyond', 'le'naharei' means 'the rivers of', 'Kush' is the name of a region south of Egypt.
[ISA.18.2] The one who sends in the sea ships and in the vessels of the deep upon the surface of the waters, go, light angels, to a nation oppressed and despoiled, to an awesome people from him and a wandering nation, line line and broken, that have ruined the rivers of its land. [§]
hasholeach bayam tzirim uvekhlei-gome al-p'nei-mayim lechu malachim kalim el-goy memushach u-morat el-am nora min-hu va-hala'ah goy kav-kav u-mevusa asher-baz'u neharim artzo.
'hasholeach' means 'the one who sends', 'bayam' means 'in the sea', 'tzirim' means 'ships', 'uvekhlei-gome' means 'and in the vessels of the deep', 'al-p'nei-mayim' means 'upon the surface of the waters', 'lechu' means 'go', 'malachim' means 'angels', 'kalim' means 'light' or 'quick', 'el-goy' means 'to a nation', 'memushach' means 'oppressed', 'u-morat' means 'and despoiled', 'el-am' means 'to a people', 'nora' means 'awesome' or 'awesome one', 'min-hu' means 'from him', 'va-hala'ah' means 'and a wandering', 'goy' means 'nation', 'kav-kav' means 'line line' (a repeated motif of division), 'u-mevusa' means 'and broken', 'asher-baz'u' means 'that have ruined', 'neharim' means 'rivers', 'artzo' means 'its land'.
[ISA.18.3] All inhabitants of the world and dwellers of the earth, when you see the raising of the mountain's banner, and when you hear the sound of the trumpet. [§]
Kol-yoshev tevel ve-shokhnei aretz kinso-nes harim tireu u-kitetko'a shofar tishmeu.
'Kol' means 'all', 'yoshev' means 'inhabitants' or 'those who sit', 'tevel' means 'the world' or 'the inhabited earth', 've-' is the conjunction 'and', 'shokhnei' means 'dwellers', 'aretz' means 'the earth' or 'the land', 'kinso' (from n-s-ʾ) means 'when you see the raising', 'nes' means 'banner' or 'standard', 'harim' means 'of the mountains', 'tireu' means 'you will see', 'u-' is 'and', 'kitetko'a' (from q-t-ʿ) means 'when you hear the sounding', 'shofar' means 'trumpet', 'tishmeu' means 'you will hear'.
[ISA.18.4] For thus says Yahveh to me, I will be quiet and I will look at my possession as bright heat upon the light, as a cloud of dew in the heat of the harvest. [§]
Ki ko amar Yahveh elai esh'kuta v'abbita bimechoni kechom tzaḥ alei-or ke'av tal bechom katsir.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'elai' means 'to me', 'esh'kuta' means 'I will be quiet' (from the root shqt meaning to be still), 'v'abbita' means 'and I will look', 'bimechoni' means 'in my possession' (michon = property, -i = my), 'kechom' means 'as heat', 'tzaḥ' means 'bright' or 'pure', 'alei-or' means 'upon the light', 'ke'av' means 'as a cloud', 'tal' means 'dew', 'bechom' means 'in heat', and 'katsir' means 'harvest'.
[ISA.18.5] Because before the harvest a blossom is fully flowered and a barren reaper will be empty, and the scoundrels are cut in the watchtowers and the hammers are removed, (they) will melt. [§]
ki lifnei katsir ketam perach u-boser gomal yihyeh nitsah vecharat hazalzalim ba-mazmerot ve-et han-tishot hesir hetaz.
'ki' means 'because', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'katsir' means 'harvest', 'ketam' means 'full', 'perach' means 'blossom', 'u-boser' means 'and barren', 'gomal' means 'reaper', 'yihyeh' means 'will be', 'nitsah' means 'empty', 'vecharat' means 'and cut', 'hazalzalim' means 'the scoundrels', 'ba-mazmerot' means 'in the watchtowers', 've-et' means 'and', 'han-tishot' means 'the hammers', 'hesir' means 'removed', 'hetaz' means 'will melt'.
[ISA.18.6] They will depart together from the high mountain and the beasts of the earth, and the bird will fall upon it, and all the beasts of the earth upon it will be devoured. [§]
Yeazvu yachdav leeyt harim ulevhemah haaretz vekatz alav haayit vechol-behemah haaretz alav techeraf.
'Yeazvu' means 'they will depart', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'leeyt' (literally 'to the height') refers to the high mountain, 'harim' means 'mountains', 'ulevhemah' means 'and to the beasts', 'haaretz' means 'of the earth', 'vekatz' means 'and the bird', 'alav' means 'upon it', 'haayit' means 'the bird', 'vechol-behemah' means 'and all the beasts', 'techeraf' means 'will be devoured' or 'consumed'.
[ISA.18.7] At that time the lament shall be poured for Yahveh of Armies, a people humbled and crushed, and from a dreadful people from him he fled; a nation line by line and twisted, who have dried up the rivers of his land to the place named Yahveh of Armies, Mount Zion. [§]
ba'et ha'hi yubal-shai laYahveh Tzevaot am memushach u-morat u-me'am nora min-hu vahal'ah goi kav-kav u-mevusah asher bazu neharim artzo el-mekom shem-Yahveh Tzevaot har-Tziyon
'ba'et' means 'at the time', 'ha'hi' means 'that', 'yubal-shai' is a verbal phrase meaning 'shall pour out' or 'shall bring mourning', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh' (the personal name of God), 'Tzevaot' means 'Armies', 'am' means 'people', 'memushach' means 'stretched out' or 'humiliated', 'u-morat' means 'and crushed', 'u-me'am' means 'and from a', 'nora' means 'terrible' or 'awful', 'min-hu' means 'from him', 'vahalah' means 'has gone' or 'has fled', 'goi' means 'nation', 'kav-kav' is an idiom meaning 'line by line' or 'in succession', 'u-mevusah' means 'and twisted' or 'crooked', 'asher' means 'who', 'bazu' means 'have dried up', 'neharim' means 'rivers', 'artzo' means 'his land', 'el-mekom' means 'to the place', 'shem-Yahveh' means 'the name Yahveh', 'har-Tziyon' means 'Mount Zion'. The names of God are rendered literally: 'Yahveh' for YHVH, 'Armies' for Tzevaot.
ISA.19
[ISA.19.1] The burden of Egypt, behold Yahveh rides upon a light cloud and comes to Egypt, and the idols of Egypt were shaken before Him, and the heart of Egypt will be shaken within it. [§]
Massa Mitzrayim hine Yahveh rochev al av kal uva Mitzrayim ve-na'u elilei Mitzrayim mipanev ulevav Mitzrayim yimass beqirbo.
'Massa' means 'burden' or 'load', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'hine' means 'behold', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'rochev' means 'rides', 'al av' means 'upon a cloud', 'kal' means 'light' (in weight), 'uva' means 'and comes', 've-na'u' means 'and they were shaken', 'elilei' means 'idols' (the worthless ones), 'mipanev' means 'before Him', 'ulevav' means 'the heart of', 'yimass' means 'will be shaken', 'beqirbo' means 'within it'.
[ISA.19.2] And I will crush Egypt in Egypt, and they will fight each other, a man with his brother and a man with his foe, city against city, kingdom against kingdom. [§]
ve-siksakti mitzrayim be-mitzrayim ve-nilchamu ish be-achiv ve-ish be-rehu ir be-ir mamlekah be-mamlakah.
've' means 'and', 'siksakti' means 'I will crush', 'mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'be-mitzrayim' means 'in Egypt', 've' again means 'and', 'nilchamu' means 'they will fight', 'ish' means 'man' or 'person', 'be-achiv' means 'with his brother', 've' means 'and', 'ish' again 'man', 'be-rehu' means 'with his foe', 'ir' means 'city', 'be-ir' means 'city against city' (literally 'in city'), 'mamlakah' means 'kingdom', 'be-mamlakah' means 'kingdom against kingdom' (literally 'in kingdom').
[ISA.19.3] And we shall pierce the spirit of Egypt within its core, and its counsel shall be shattered, and they will seek the idols, the weak, the fallen, and the unlearned. [§]
ve'navka ruach-Mitzrayim beqirvo ve'atzato avalea ve'darshu el-ha'elilim ve'el-ha'itim ve'el-ha'avot ve'el-hayiddonim
've'navka' means 'and we shall pierce', 'ruach' means 'spirit', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'beqirvo' means 'within its core', 've'atzato' means 'and its counsel', 'avalea' means 'shall be shattered', 've'darshu' means 'and they shall seek', 'el' means 'God' (used here as part of 'elilim' meaning 'gods' or 'idols'), 'ha'elilim' means 'the idols (false gods)', 'ha'itim' means 'the weak ones', 'ha'avot' means 'the fallen ones', 'ha'yiddonim' means 'the ignorant or unlearned'.
[ISA.19.4] I will bind Egypt by the hand of fierce lords and a strong king will rule over them, says the Lord Yahveh of hosts. [§]
ve-sikkarti et-Mitzrayim be-yad Adonim kashe u-melekh az yimshol bam ne'um ha-adon Yahveh Tzevaot.
've-sikkarti' means 'I will bind', 'et-Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'be-yad' means 'by the hand of', 'Adonim' means 'lords' (translated as 'lords'), 'kashe' means 'hard' or 'fierce', 'u-melekh' means 'and a king', 'az' means 'strong', 'yimshol bam' means 'will rule over them', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'ha-adon' means 'the Lord', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, and 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in 'of hosts').
[ISA.19.5] And they will drink water from the sea, and the river will become ruined and dry. [§]
ve-nishetu mayim me-hayam ve-nahar yecherav ve-yabesh
've' means 'and', 'nishetu' means 'they will drink', 'mayim' means 'water', 'me-hayam' means 'from the sea', 've-nahar' means 'and the river', 'yecherav' means 'will become desolate or ruined', 've-yabesh' means 'and (it) will be dry'.
[ISA.19.6] And they abandoned the rivers, they drained them, and they cut the streams of the dam, reed and the end they completed. [§]
vehe'eznichu neharot dallu ve'harvu ye'orei matsor kaneh vassuf kamenelu.
'vehe'eznichu' means 'and they abandoned', 'neharot' means 'rivers', 'dallu' means 'they drained', 've'harvu' means 'and they cut', 'ye'orei' means 'the streams of', 'matsor' means 'a dam', 'kaneh' means 'reed', 'vassuf' means 'and the end' (or 'and the butt'), 'kamenelu' means 'they completed' or 'they finished'.
[ISA.19.7] Cities by the river, at the mouth of the river, and all seed of the river shall be dried, fled, and there is none. [§]
Ar'ot al-yeor al-pi yeor vechol mizra yeor yivash nidaf ve'einennu.
'Ar'ot' means 'cities', 'al' means 'upon' or 'by', 'yeor' means 'river', the second 'al' repeats the same meaning, 'pi' means 'mouth (of)', the third 'yeor' again means 'river', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'mizra' means 'seed' or 'offspring', the fourth 'yeor' again means 'river', 'yivash' means 'shall become dry', 'nidaf' means 'fled' or 'has fled', 've'einennu' means 'and it is not there' or 'and there is none'.
[ISA.19.8] And we the rollers, and they grew weak, all those who cast into the river waiting, and those who spread plaster upon the face of the water were humbled. [§]
ve'anu hadaygim ve'ablú kol mashlikhei ba-ye'or chakah u'forshei mikmoret al-penei mayim umlalu.
've'anu' means 'and we', 'hadaygim' means 'the rollers' (those who turn or drive), 've'ablú' means 'and they grew weak' or 'became exhausted', 'kol' means 'all', 'mashlikhei' means 'those who cast' or 'those who throw', 'ba-ye'or' means 'into the river', 'chakah' means 'waiting' or 'expecting', 'u'forshei' means 'and those who spread', 'mikmoret' means 'plaster' or 'a coating', 'al-penei' means 'upon the face of', 'mayim' means 'water', and 'umlalu' means 'they were humbled' or 'they were made weak'.
[ISA.19.9] And they shall be ashamed, servants of thin flax, and they weave holes. [§]
U'boshu avdei peshitim s'rikot v'orgim choray.
'U'boshu' means 'and they shall be ashamed'. 'avdei' means 'servants of' or 'workers of'. 'peshitim' is taken as a plural form of a word related to 'flax' (pashan), thus rendered 'flax'. 's'rikot' is a construct state adjective meaning 'thin' or 'delicate'. 'v'orgim' means 'and they weave' or 'and they braid'. 'choray' is a plural noun meaning 'holes' or 'openings', often used figuratively for gaps or voids.
[ISA.19.10] And they will be its drink, pierced, all the makers of wine, deluders of the soul. [§]
vehayu shatoteha medukkayim kol-osei secher agmei-naphe
'vehayu' means 'and they will be', 'shatoteha' means 'its drinking' (the drinking belonging to it), 'medukkayim' means 'pierced' or 'struck', 'kol-osei' means 'all the doers of', 'secher' means 'wine', 'agmei-naphe' means 'deluders of the soul' (literally 'tricks of the soul').
[ISA.19.11] Only fools, chiefs of Tzo'an, wise counselors of Pharaoh, counsel is burned. How will you say to Pharaoh, son of the wise? I am the son of ancient kings. [§]
Ach evilim sarei tzo'an chakmei yo'tzei paroh etzah niv'ara eich tomru el paroh ben chakhamim ani ben malchei kedem.
'Ach' means 'only', 'evilim' means 'fools', 'sarei' means 'chiefs' or 'princes', 'tzo'an' is a place name (Tzo'an), 'chakmei' means 'wise ones' (literally 'wise ones of'), 'yo'tzei' means 'counselors' or 'advisors', 'paroh' means 'Pharaoh', 'etzah' means 'counsel' or 'advice', 'niv'ara' means 'is burned' or 'has been burned', 'eich' means 'how', 'tomru' means 'you will say', 'el' means 'to', 'paroh' again 'Pharaoh', 'ben' means 'son', 'chakhamim' means 'the wise', 'ani' means 'I', 'ben' again 'son', 'malchei' means 'kings', 'kedem' means 'of old' or 'ancient'.
[ISA.19.12] Where are your wise men and they will tell, please, to you, and they will know what Yahveh the Armies counsels concerning Egypt. [§]
Ayam efo chachameka ve-yagidu na lakh ve-yeidu ma-ya'atz Yahveh Tzevaot al Mitzrayim.
'Ayam' means 'where', 'efo' is interpreted as 'are' (a verb of existence), 'chachameka' means 'your wise men', 've-yagidu' means 'and they will tell', 'na' is a polite request particle often rendered 'please', 'lakh' means 'to you' (feminine singular), 've-yeidu' means 'and they will know', 'ma' means 'what', 'ya'atz' means 'counsel' or 'plan', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'Armies' (as in the host of Yahveh), 'al' means 'against' or 'concerning', and 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'.
[ISA.19.13] They will bring the princes of Tzo'an; the princes of Noph turned away from Egypt, the turning of its tribe. [§]
No'alu sarei Tzo'an nish'u sarei Noph hitu et-Mitzrayim pinat shevateha.
'No'alu' means 'they will be brought', 'sarei' means 'princes of', 'Tzo'an' is a place name (likely a city), 'nish'u' means 'they will carry', 'Noph' is the Egyptian city also known as Memphis, 'hitu' (from the verb hitu) means 'they turned aside' or 'they were confounded', 'et-Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'pinat' means 'the turning' or 'the perversion', 'shevateha' means 'her tribe' (the tribe associated with the place).
[ISA.19.14] Yahveh covered within her midst a spirit of evils, and they fled Egypt in all his deeds as if drunken in his thirst. [§]
Yahveh masach beqirbah ruach iv'im vehet'u et-Mitzrayim bechol ma'aseh kehit'ot shikkor beqiyo.
'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH. 'masach' means 'covered' or 'set'. 'beqirbah' means 'in her middle' or 'within her midst'. 'ruach' means 'spirit' or 'wind'. 'iv'im' is the plural of a word meaning 'evil' or 'wickedness', here rendered as 'evils'. 'vehet'u' is a verb form meaning 'and they fled' or 'and they turned away'. 'et-Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'. 'bechol ma'aseh' means 'in all his work' or 'by every deed'. 'kehit'ot' is a construct meaning 'as if striking' or 'as if stumbling', here taken idiomatically as 'as if drunken'. 'shikkor' means 'drunk' or 'intoxicated'. 'beqiyo' means 'in his thirst' or 'in his longing'. The phrase 'as drunk in his thirst' is an idiom for behaving wildly or being overpowered by desire.
[ISA.19.15] And there shall be no work for Egypt that consists only of a head, a tail, a lip, and a lump. [§]
ve lo yihye le-Mitzrayim ma'aseh asher ya'aseh rosh ve zanav kipah ve agmon.
've' means 'and', 'lo' means 'not', 'yihye' means 'shall be', 'le-Mitzrayim' means 'for Egypt', 'ma'aseh' means 'work' or 'deed', 'asher' means 'that', 'ya'aseh' means 'he/she will do', 'rosh' means 'head', 've' means 'and', 'zanav' means 'tail', 'kipah' means 'lip' or 'edge', 've' means 'and', 'agmon' means 'bulge' or 'lump'. The phrase 'rosh ve zanav kipah ve agmon' is an ancient idiom referring to something that consists only of superficial parts—head, tail, edge, and a lump—implying a useless or trivial work.
[ISA.19.16] On that day Egypt will be like a reed, and will be terrified and fearful because of the shaking of the hand of Yahveh of hosts which he is raising against it. [§]
BAY YOM HA-HU YIH-yeh Mitzrayim KA-nashim ve-charad u-fachad mipnei tenupat yad-Yahveh Tzevaot asher-hu menif alav.
'BAY' means 'in the', 'YOM' means 'day', 'HA-HU' means 'that', 'YIH-yeh' means 'will be', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'KA' means 'like', 'nashim' means 'a reed', 've-charad' means 'and (he) will be terrified', 'u-fachad' means 'and (he) will be fearful', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'tenupat' means 'the shaking', 'yad-Yahveh' means 'hand of Yahveh', 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'asher' means 'which', 'hu' means 'he', 'menif' means 'is raising', 'alav' means 'against it'.
[ISA.19.17] And it shall be the land of Judah to Egypt for a celebration; all who remember it to him will be afraid because of the counsel of Yahveh of hosts, who is the counselor over him. [§]
vehayetah admat Yehudah leMitzrayim lechagah kol asher yazkir otah elav yipchad mipnei atzat Yahveh Tzevaot asher-hu yoetz alav.
'vehayetah' means 'and it shall be', 'admat' means 'the land of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'leMitzrayim' means 'to Egypt', 'lechagah' means 'for a celebration/feast', 'kol' means 'all', 'asher' means 'that which', 'yazkir' means 'remembers' or 'will recall', 'otah' means 'it/her', 'elav' means 'to him', 'yipchad' means 'will be afraid', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'atzat' means 'counsel', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in the heavenly hosts), 'asher-hu' means 'who he', 'yoetz' means 'counselor', 'alav' means 'over him'.
[ISA.19.18] On that day there will be five cities in the land of Egypt speaking the Canaanite tongue and sworn to Yahveh of hosts; the ruined city shall be called for one. [§]
ba yom ha hu yiheyu chamesh arim be eretz Mitzrayim medabberot safat Kenaan ve nishbaot le Yahveh tzevaot ir haheres ye'amer le echat.
'ba' means 'on', 'yom' means 'day', 'ha' means 'the', 'hu' means 'that', together 'ba yom ha hu' = 'on that day'. 'yiheyu' means 'they will be'. 'chamesh' means 'five'. 'arim' means 'cities'. 'be' means 'in', 'eretz' means 'land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt'. 'medabberot' means 'speaking'. 'safat' means 'tongue' or 'language'. 'Kenaan' means 'Canaan' (the Canaanite language). 've' means 'and', 'nishbaot' means 'sworn'. 'le' means 'to', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH. 'tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in Yahveh of hosts). 'ir' means 'city', 'haheres' means 'the ruin' or 'the destroyed'. 'ye'amer' means 'shall be called'. 'le' means 'for', 'echat' means 'one' or 'single'.
[ISA.19.19] On that day there shall be an altar to Yahveh within the land of Egypt, and a standing stone beside its border for Yahveh. [§]
bayyom hahu yihyeh mizbeach layahveh betoch erets mitsrayim, umatzebah etzel gebulah layahveh.
'bayyom' means 'on the day', 'hahu' means 'that', together 'on that day'. 'yihyeh' means 'shall be' or 'will be'. 'mizbeach' means 'altar'. 'layahveh' means 'to Yahveh' (the name YHVH translated as Yahveh). 'betoch' means 'within' or 'in the midst of'. 'erets mitsrayim' means 'the land of Egypt'. 'umatzebah' means 'and a standing stone' or 'and a monument'. 'etzel' means 'beside' or 'next to'. 'gebulah' means 'its border' or 'its boundary'. The final 'layahveh' again means 'to Yahveh'.
[ISA.19.20] And it shall be a sign and a witness for Yahveh of the armies in the land of Egypt, because they will cry out to Yahveh in their trouble, and He will send them a great savior and will rescue them. [§]
ve-hayah le-ot u-le-ed la-Yahveh tzvaot be-aretz Mitzrayim ki-yitz'aku el-Yahveh mipnei lochatzim ve-yishlach lahem moshiah varav ve-hitsilam
've-' means 'and', 'hayah' means 'it will be', 'le-ot' means 'for a sign', 'u-le-ed' means 'and for a witness', 'la-Yahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'tzvaot' means 'hosts' or 'armies', 'be-aretz' means 'in the land', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'ki-' means 'because', 'yitz'aku' means 'they will cry out', 'el-Yahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'lochatzim' is understood here as 'troubles' or 'crisis', 've-yishlach' means 'and He will send', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'moshiah' means 'a savior', 'varav' means 'great' or 'abundant', 've-hitsilam' means 'and will rescue them'.
[ISA.19.21] And Yahveh shall be known to Egypt, and Egypt shall know Yahveh that day, and they shall offer sacrifice and grain offering, and they shall vow a vow to Yahveh, and they shall fulfill. [§]
ve-noda Yahveh le-Mitzrayim ve-yad'u Mitzrayim et-Yahveh ba-yom ha-hu ve-avdu zevach u-mincha ve-nadru neder la-Yahveh ve-shilemu.
've-noda' means 'and shall be known', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'le-Mitzrayim' means 'to Egypt', 've-yad'u' means 'and they will know', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'et-Yahveh' means 'Yahveh (the LORD)', 'ba-yom' means 'in the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 've-avdu' means 'and they will offer', 'zevach' means 'a sacrifice', 'u-mincha' means 'and a grain offering', 've-nadru' means 'and they will vow', 'neder' means 'a vow', 'la-Yahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 've-shilemu' means 'and they will fulfill'.
[ISA.19.22] And Yahveh struck Egypt, struck and healed, and they returned to Yahveh, and was crowned for them and healed them. [§]
ve-nagaf Yahveh et Mitzrayim nagaf ve-rapo ve-shavu ad Yahveh ve-ne'atar lahem u-rapam.
've' means 'and', 'nagaf' means 'struck' or 'smote', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'et' is the accusative marker, 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', the second 'nagaf' repeats 'struck', 've-rapo' means 'and healed', 've-shavu' means 'and returned', 'ad' means 'to' or 'unto', the third 'Yahveh' again is the name of God, 've-ne'atar' means 'and was crowned' or 'and was adorned', 'lahem' means 'for them', 'u-rapam' means 'and healed them'.
[ISA.19.23] In that day there will be a road from Egypt to Assyria, and Assyria will go into Egypt, and Egypt into Assyria, and Egypt will serve Assyria. [§]
bayom hahu tihyeh mesillah mimitsrayim ashshurah uvaashshur bemitsrayim u-mitsrayim beashshur veavdu mitsrayim et ashshur.
'bayom' means 'in the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'tihyeh' means 'will be', 'mesillah' means 'road' or 'way', 'mimitsrayim' means 'from Egypt', 'ashshurah' means 'Assyria', 'uvaashshur' means 'and Assyria will go', 'bemitsrayim' means 'into Egypt', 'u-mitsrayim' means 'and Egypt', 'beashshur' means 'into Assyria', 'veavdu' means 'and they will serve', 'mitsrayim' means 'Egypt', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'ashshur' means 'Assyria'.
[ISA.19.24] On that day Israel shall be a third to Egypt and to Assyria, a blessing in the midst of the earth. [§]
Ba yom ha hu yehiye Yisrael shlishitah leMitzrayim uleAshur berachah bekerov haaretz.
'Ba' means 'on', 'yom' means 'day', 'ha' means 'the', 'hu' means 'that', 'yehiye' means 'shall be', 'Yisrael' is the name of Israel, 'shlishitah' means 'a third' (feminine form), 'leMitzrayim' means 'to Egypt', 'uleAshur' means 'and to Assyria', 'berachah' means 'a blessing', 'bekerov' means 'in the midst', 'haaretz' means 'the earth' or 'the land'.
[ISA.19.25] Who blessed Yahveh of hosts, saying, "Blessed is my people Egypt and the work of my hand Assyria and my inheritance Israel." [§]
asher berach-o Yahveh tzeva'ot lemor Baruch ami Mitzrayim u-ma'aseh yaday Ashur ve-nachalti Yisrael.
'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'berach-o' means 'blessed him', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'tzeva'ot' means 'hosts' (as in heavenly hosts), 'lemor' means 'to say' or 'saying', 'Baruch' means 'blessed', 'ami' means 'my people', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'u-ma'aseh' means 'and the work of', 'yaday' means 'my hand', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria', 've-nachalti' means 'and my inheritance', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
ISA.20
[ISA.20.1] In the year of his coming, Tartan of Ashdod, when he sent him, Sargon king of Assyria, he fought against Ashdod and captured it. [§]
bishnat bo tartan ashdodah bishloh oto sargon melekh ashshur vayilachem beashdod vayilkedah.
'bishnat' means 'in the year of', 'bo' means 'his coming' or 'his arrival', 'tartan' is a proper name meaning 'Tartan', 'ashdodah' means 'of Ashdod', 'bishloh' means 'when he sent', 'oto' means 'him/it', 'sargon' is the name 'Sargon', 'melekh' means 'king', 'ashshur' means 'of Assyria', 'vayilachem' means 'and he fought', 'beashdod' means 'against Ashdod', 'vayilkedah' means 'and captured it'.
[ISA.20.2] At that time Yahveh spoke by the hand of Isaiah son of Amoz, saying, 'Go, and you shall open the sackcloth from your loins and cut off your shoes from your feet.' And he did so, walking naked and uncovered. [§]
ba'et hahiy diber Yahveh be-yad Yeshayahu ben-Amos le'emor lekh ufitachta ha-saq me'al mat'neykha ve-na'alkha tachlots me'al rag'leikha vay'asa ken halokh arum uyahef.
'ba'et' means 'at the time', 'hahiy' means 'that', 'diber' means 'spoke', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH, 'be-yad' means 'by the hand of', 'Yeshayahu' is the name Isaiah, 'ben-Amos' means 'son of Amoz', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'lekh' means 'go', 'ufitachta' means 'and you shall open', 'ha-saq' means 'the sackcloth', 'me'al' means 'off of', 'mat'neykha' means 'your loins', 've-na'alkha' means 'and your shoes', 'tachlots' means 'you shall cut off', 'rag'leikha' means 'your feet', 'vay'asa' means 'and he did', 'ken' means 'so', 'halokh' means 'walking', 'arum' means 'naked', 'uyahef' means 'and uncovered'.
[ISA.20.3] And Yahveh said, as my servant Isaiah went exile and fled three years to Egypt and to Cush. [§]
Vayomer Yahveh ka'ashar halach avdi Yeshayahu arum veyachef shalosh shanim et-Mitsrayim ve'al Kush.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ka'ashar' means 'as', 'halach' means 'went', 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'Yeshayahu' is the name Isaiah, 'arum' means 'exile' or 'went into exile', 'veyachef' means 'and fled', 'shalosh shanim' means 'three years', 'et-Mitsrayim' is the direct object marker with 'Egypt', 've'al Kush' means 'and (to) Cush'.
[ISA.20.4] Thus the king of Assyria will lead the captives of Egypt and the exiles of Cush, the young men and the elders, Arum and Yachaf, and the burning ones, the impurity of Egypt. [§]
Ken yin-hag melek Ashur et Shevi Mitzrayim ve-et Galut Kush ne'arim u-zekenim Arum ve-Yahef va-hasupai Shet ervat Mitzrayim.
'Ken' means 'Thus', 'yin-hag' means 'will lead', 'melek' means 'king', 'Ashur' is the proper name 'Assyria', 'et' is the accusative marker (no direct English equivalent), 'Shevi' means 'the captives', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 've-et' means 'and the', 'Galut' means 'exiles', 'Kush' is the proper name 'Cush', 'ne'arim' means 'young men', 'u-zekenim' means 'and elders', 'Arum' is a proper name (likely a people or place), 've-Yahef' means 'and Yachaf' (a proper name), 'va-hasupai' means 'and the burning ones', 'Shet' means 'the impurity', 'ervat' means 'defilement' or 'filth', 'Mitzrayim' again means 'Egypt'.
[ISA.20.5] and they were ashamed and embarrassed from Kush their gaze, and from Egypt their splendor. [§]
vechatu vavoshū mikush mabatam u-min-Mitzrayim tipartam.
'vechatu' means 'and they were ashamed', 'vavoshū' means 'and they were embarrassed', 'mikush' means 'from Kush', 'mabatam' means 'their looking' or 'their gaze', 'u-min-Mitzrayim' means 'and from Egypt', 'tipartam' means 'their splendor' or 'their glory'.
[ISA.20.6] And said the dweller of this island on that day: Behold, this is our looking that we fled there for help to escape from before the king of Assyria; how shall we be saved. [§]
ve'amar yosev ha'iy hazeh ba yom ha'hu hineh-cho mavatenu asher nasnu sham le'ezrah le'hinatzel mipnei melek ashshur ve'eykh nimallet anachnu.
've'amar' means 'and said', 'yosev' means 'dweller' or 'resident', 'ha'iy' means 'the island', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'ba yom' means 'on the day', 'ha'hu' means 'that', 'hineh-cho' means 'behold, thus', 'mavatenu' means 'our view' or 'our looking', 'asher' means 'that which', 'nasnu' means 'we fled', 'sham' means 'there', 'le'ezrah' means 'for help', 'le'hinatzel' means 'to escape', 'mipnei' means 'before' or 'from the presence of', 'melek' means 'king', 'ashshur' means 'Assyria', 've'eykh' means 'and how', 'nimallet' means 'we shall be saved', 'anachnu' means 'we'.
ISA.21
[ISA.21.1] A burden of the desert-sea, like clouds in the north, turning from the desert came from a fearful land. [§]
Massa midbar-yam kesufot banegav la chalof mimidbar ba me eretz noraah.
'Massa' means 'burden' or 'load', 'midbar-yam' means 'desert-sea' (literally 'wilderness of the sea'), 'kesufot' means 'clouds', 'banegav' means 'in the north', 'la chalof' means 'to turn' or 'to change direction', 'mimidbar' means 'from the desert', 'ba' means 'came', 'me eretz' means 'from the land', 'noraah' means 'fearful' or 'awesome, dreadful'.
[ISA.21.2] A hard vision was declared to me: the traitor is a traitor and the plunderer is a plunderer, upon me forever my rock my measure, all my sighs I have destroyed. [§]
chazut kasha huggad-li haboged boged ve-hashoded shoded ali elam tsuri maday kol-anchatah hisbatti.
'chazut' means 'vision' or 'prophecy', 'kasha' means 'hard' or 'difficult', 'huggad-li' means 'was declared to me', 'haboged' means 'the traitor', 'boged' means 'traitor', 've-hashoded' means 'and the plunderer', 'shoded' means 'plunderer', 'ali' means 'upon me' or 'against me', 'elam' means 'ever' or 'forever', 'tsuri' means 'my rock', 'maday' means 'my measure' or 'my portion', 'kol-anchatah' means 'all my sighs/complaints', 'hisbatti' means 'I have broken' or 'I have destroyed'.
[ISA.21.3] Therefore they filled my chest with a clamor; cords seized me like the cords of a child; I was shamed from hearing and I was terrified to see. [§]
Al-ken malu matnai chalchalah tzirim achazuni ketsirei yoledah naaveti mishmoa nivhalti merot.
'Al-ken' means 'therefore' or 'for this reason', 'malu' means 'they filled', 'matnai' means 'my chest' (lit. 'my breast'), 'chalchalah' means 'a clamor' or 'shouting', 'tzirim' means 'cords' or 'bindings', 'achazuni' means 'they seized me', 'ketsirei' means 'like the cords of', 'yoledah' means 'a child' (feminine), 'naaveti' means 'I was shamed', 'mishmoa' means 'from hearing' (lit. 'from the hearing'), 'nivhalti' means 'I was terrified', 'merot' means 'to see' (lit. 'from seeing').
[ISA.21.4] My heart is troubled; relief has come upon me, the breath of my desire has placed me into perplexity. [§]
Ta'ah levavi palatzut biatateni et neshef hiski sam li lacharadah.
'Ta'ah' means 'troubled' or 'distressed', 'levavi' means 'my heart', 'palatzut' means 'relief' or 'rescue', 'biatateni' means 'has come upon me', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'neshef' means 'breath' or 'spirit', 'hiski' means 'my desire', 'sam' means 'has placed', 'li' means 'to me', 'lacharadah' means 'into puzzlement' or 'perplexity'.
[ISA.21.5] Awake the table north the north wind, eat, drink. Stand, the princes, be shamed, shield. [§]
aroch hashulchan tzafoh hatsafit achol shato kumu hasarim mishchu magen.
'aroch' means 'awake' (imperative). 'hashulchan' means 'the table'. 'tzafoh' means 'north' (direction). 'hatsafit' means 'the north wind'. 'achol' means 'I will eat' or imperative 'eat!'. 'shato' means 'drink!'. 'kumu' means 'stand!'. 'hasarim' means 'the princes' (leaders). 'mishchu' means 'shame' or 'cover' (imperative). 'magen' means 'shield'.
[ISA.21.6] For thus said to me my Lord, go stand the watcher who sees will report. [§]
Ki ko amar elai adonai lek ha'amad ha-matzapeh asher yireh yagid.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'elai' means 'to me', 'adonai' means 'my Lord', 'lek' means 'go', 'ha'amad' means 'the stand' i.e. 'stand', 'ha-matzapeh' means 'the watcher', 'asher' means 'who', 'yireh' means 'sees', 'yagid' means 'will report'.
[ISA.21.7] And he saw a chariot of a pair of horsemen, a donkey chariot, a camel chariot, and he will listen, great listening. [§]
ve-raa rekhav tzemed parashim, rekhav chamor, rekhav gamal, ve-hikshiv keshav rav-keshav.
've-raa' means 'and saw', 'rekhav' means 'chariot', 'tzemed' means 'pair', 'parashim' means 'horsemen', 'chamor' means 'donkey', 'gamal' means 'camel', 've-hikshiv' means 'and will listen', 'keshav' means 'listening', 'rav-keshav' means 'great listening'.
[ISA.21.8] And he called a lion on the watch, my Lord, I stand continually by day and on my watch I stand all nights. [§]
Vayikra aryeh al-mitzpeh Adonai anochi omed tamid yomam ve'al-mishmarti anochi nitzav kol-halleilot.
'Vayikra' means 'and he called', 'aryeh' means 'lion', 'al-mitzpeh' means 'on the watch', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'anochi' means 'I', 'omed' means 'stand', 'tamid' means 'continually', 'yomam' means 'by day', 've'al-mishmarti' means 'and on my watch', 'nitzav' means 'stand', 'kol-halleilot' means 'all nights'.
[ISA.21.9] And behold, this man came in a chariot, a pair of horsemen, and he answered and said, 'It has fallen, it has fallen, Babylon, and all the idols of her Gods have shattered upon the earth.' [§]
ve-hineh-zeh ba-rechev ish tzemed parashim vay-ya'an vay-o-mer nafla nafla Babel ve-khol pesilei Eloheha shivar la-aretz.
've-hineh' means 'and behold', 'zeh' means 'this', 'ba' means 'came', 'rekhev' means 'chariot', 'ish' means 'man', 'tzemed' means 'pair', 'parashim' means 'horsemen', 'vay-ya'an' means 'and answered', 'vay-o-mer' means 'and said', 'nafla' means 'has fallen' (repeated for emphasis), 'Babel' is the proper name 'Babylon', 've-khol' means 'and all', 'pesilei' means 'idols of', 'Eloheha' is the feminine form of 'Elohim' and therefore translates as 'her Gods', 'shivar' means 'broke' or 'shattered', 'la-aretz' means 'to the earth' or 'upon the earth'.
[ISA.21.10] My diadem and the son of Garni, which I have heard from Yahveh of hosts, the Gods of Israel, I have told you. [§]
Medushati uben-Garni asher shama'ti me'et Yahveh tzevaot elohai Yisra'el higgadti lakhem.
'Medushati' means 'my diadem' (or 'my crown'), 'uben-Garni' means 'and the son of Garni' (a proper name), 'asher' means 'which' or 'that', 'shama'ti' means 'I have heard', 'me'et' means 'from', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in armies of heaven), 'elohai' is the plural form of El and is translated as 'the Gods', 'Yisra'el' means 'Israel', 'higgadti' means 'I have told', and 'lakhem' means 'to you' (plural).
[ISA.21.11] The weight of silence calls to me from the ram; the guardian asks what of the night, the guardian asks what of the speech. [§]
Massah Duma Elai kore mishair Shomer mah-milayla Shomer mah-mil'el.
'Massah' means 'burden' or 'weight', 'Duma' means 'silence' or 'stillness', 'Elai' means 'to me', 'kore' means 'calls' or 'summons', 'mishair' is a noun meaning 'from the ram' (ram being a symbol of strength), 'Shomer' means 'watcher' or 'guardian', 'mah-milayla' combines 'mah' ('what') and 'milayla' ('of the night'), 'mah-mil'el' combines 'mah' ('what') and 'mil'el' ('of the speech' or 'utterance').
[ISA.21.12] Said the watchman, 'You are morning and also night; if you become bewildered in error, return to it.' [§]
Amar shomer atah boker veGam laila im tiv'aun be'ayu shuvu etav.
'Amar' means 'said', 'shomer' means 'watchman' or 'guard', 'atah' means 'you', 'boker' means 'morning', 'veGam' means 'and also', 'laila' means 'night', 'im' means 'if', 'tiv'aun' is a verb meaning 'you will be confused' or 'you will be bewildered', 'be'ayu' means 'in error' or 'in mistake', 'shuvu' means 'return' or 'turn back', 'etav' means 'to it' or 'to them'.
[ISA.21.13] The burden in the desert, in the forest, in the evening we have walked the roads of Dan. [§]
Masa ba'arav bayya'ar ba'arav talinu orchot ddanin.
'Masa' means 'burden' or 'load', 'ba'arav' means 'in the desert', 'bayya'ar' means 'in the forest', the second 'ba'arav' means 'in the evening', 'talinu' means 'we have walked' or 'we went', 'orchot' means 'roads' or 'paths', and 'ddanin' means 'of Dan' (the tribe of Dan).
[ISA.21.14] Let water be given to the thirsty; the inhabitants of the eastern land, in his bread, hasten the wanderer. [§]
Lik'ret tsame he'etayu mayim yosvei eretz teima be'lahmo kidemu noded.
'Lik'ret' means 'to the calling' or 'to the meeting', 'tsame' means 'of the thirsty', 'he'etayu' means 'let become' or 'let there be', 'mayim' means 'water', 'yosvei' means 'those who sit' or 'inhabitants', 'eretz' means 'land', 'teima' means 'the east' or 'eastern', 'be'lahmo' means 'in his bread' (literally 'in his food'), 'kidemu' means 'they hastened' or 'they preceded', 'noded' means 'wanderer' or 'the wandering one'.
[ISA.21.15] Because of swords they fled, because of a drawn sword, because of a drawn bow, and because of war‑gear they fled. [§]
Ki mi-p'nei charavot nadadu mi-p'nei chorev netusha u-mi-p'nei keshet drucha u-mi-p'nei coved milchamah.
'Ki' means 'because' or 'for'. 'Mi-p'nei' means 'because of' or 'from the presence of'. 'Charavot' is the plural of 'charav' meaning 'swords'. 'Nadadu' means 'they fled' or 'they fled away'. 'Chorev' is 'sword' (singular). 'Netusha' is a participle meaning 'drawn' or 'abandoned', here understood as 'drawn'. 'Keshet' means 'bow'. 'Drucha' is a participle meaning 'drawn' or 'stretched', describing the bow. 'Coved' (koved) means 'weight' or 'heavy thing', used in biblical contexts for 'war-gear' or 'heavy weapon'. 'Milchamah' means 'war' or 'battle'. The verse lists reasons for fleeing: swords, a drawn sword, a drawn bow, and war‑gear.
[ISA.21.16] Because thus my Lord said to me, while a year passes like two hired terms, and all the glory of Kedar is ended. [§]
ki-kho amar Adonai elai beod shana kishnei sakir vechala kol-kevod kedar.
'ki' means 'because', 'kho' means 'thus' or 'so', 'amar' means 'said', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'elai' means 'to me', 'beod' means 'while' or 'still', 'shana' means 'year', 'kishnei' means 'as two' or 'like two', 'sakhir' means 'hired man' (a laborer), 'vechala' means 'and all', 'kol-kevod' means 'all glory', 'kedar' refers to the name of a people or place (Kedar). The phrase 'beod shana kishnei sakir' is an idiom that can be rendered as 'while a year passes as if it were two hired terms', i.e., a period of great hardship or extended time. The whole clause expresses a prophetic statement from the Lord concerning the downfall of Kedar's glory.
[ISA.21.17] And the number of arrows of the warriors of the sons of Kedar will be reduced because Yahveh the Gods of Israel spoke. [§]
u'shar mispar-queshet giborei b'nei kedar yimatu ki Yahveh Elohei Yisrael diber.
'u'shar' means 'and (the) number', 'mispar' means 'number', 'queshet' means 'arrow' (or 'bow'), 'giborei' means 'mighty ones' or 'warriors', 'b'nei' means 'of the sons', 'kedar' is a place name 'Kedar', 'yimatu' means 'will be reduced' or 'will lessen', 'ki' means 'because', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohei' is the construct form of 'Elohim' meaning 'the Gods', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', and 'diber' means 'spoke' or 'has spoken'.
ISA.22
[ISA.22.1] Burden of the valley of Chizayon, why you, Ephoa, because you have risen all to the rooftops. [§]
massa gei chizayon ma-lakh epho ki alit kullach lagaggot.
'massa' means 'burden' or 'load', 'gei' means 'valley', 'chizayon' is a proper name (likely a place or person) meaning something like 'strong/firm', 'ma-lakh' means 'what for you' or 'why you', 'epho' is a personal name, 'ki' means 'because', 'alit' means 'you have risen' or 'you have gone up', 'kullach' means 'all of you', 'lagaggot' means 'to the roofs' or 'onto the high places'.
[ISA.22.2] Questions fill the city of Homiyah, the town of Alizah; your dead are not defiled by the sword, nor are they dead in war. [§]
Teshuot meleah ir Homiyah kiryah Alizah chalalayich lo challei cherav ve'lo metei milchamah.
'Teshuot' means 'questions' or 'inquiries', 'meleah' means 'full', 'ir' means 'city', 'Homiyah' is a proper name of a place, 'kiryah' means 'town', 'Alizah' is a proper name meaning 'strong' or 'swift', 'chalalayich' means 'your dead' (literally 'your slain'), 'lo' means 'not', 'challei cherav' means 'defiled by sword', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'metei milchamah' means 'dead of war' or 'those who died in battle'.
[ISA.22.3] All your ends wandered together from the bow; they were bound. All your found ones were bound together from afar; they fled. [§]
kol-ketzinayich naddu-yachad miqeshet usaru kol-nimtza'ayich usru yachdav merachok barachu.
'kol' means 'all', 'ketzinayich' means 'your ends' or 'your extremities', 'naddu' means 'they wandered' and 'yachad' means 'together', 'miqeshet' means 'from a bow' (or 'from the bow'), 'usaru' means 'they were bound', 'kol' again means 'all', 'nimtza'ayich' means 'your found ones' or 'those of yours that were found', 'usru' again means 'they were bound', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'merachok' means 'from far away' or 'from a distance', 'barachu' means 'they fled' or 'they escaped'.
[ISA.22.4] Therefore I said, Let me be bitter in my weeping; do not be angry in trying to comfort me concerning the oppression of the daughter of my people. [§]
al-ken amarti sheu minni amarer babekhi al-taitsu lenachameni al-shod bat-ami.
'al-ken' means 'therefore', 'amarti' means 'I said', 'sheu' means 'let' (imperative), 'minni' means 'from me' or 'my', 'amarer' means 'bitter', 'babekhi' means 'in my weeping', 'al-taitsu' means 'do not be angry', 'lenachameni' means 'to comfort me', 'al-shod' means 'concerning the oppression', 'bat-ami' means 'the daughter of my people'.
[ISA.22.5] Because the day is a stormy, clouded and dark day for my Lord Yahveh of hosts, in the valley of Chizayon, pouring upon the earth and echoing toward the mountain. [§]
Ki yom mehuma u-mevusa u-mevukha la-Adonai Yahveh Tzevaot be-gee Chizayon mekarqar kir ve-shoa el-hahar.
'Ki' means 'because', 'yom' means 'day', 'mehuma' means 'stormy' or 'thunderous', 'u-mevusa' means 'and clouded', 'u-mevukha' means 'and dark', 'la-Adonai' means 'to my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the divine name YHVH rendered as Yahveh, 'Tzevaot' means 'of hosts', 'be-gee' means 'in the valley', 'Chizayon' is a place name, 'mekarkar' means 'dripping' or 'pouring', 'kir' means 'soil' or 'earth', 've-shoa' means 'and hearing' (or 'and echoing'), 'el-hahar' means 'to the mountain'.
[ISA.22.6] And Eilam lifted a measure in the chariot of man, the plowmen, and a wall of wakefulness, a shield. [§]
veeilam nasah ashpa berechav adam parashim vekir ereh magen.
've' means 'and', 'eilam' is a proper name (often understood as 'eternal' or a personal name), 'nasah' means 'lifted' or 'raised', 'ashpa' means 'a measure' or 'a bundle', 'berechav' means 'in the chariot' (literally 'in a vehicle'), 'adam' means 'man' or 'human', 'parashim' is the plural of 'parash' meaning 'plowmen' or 'farmers', 've' again means 'and', 'kir' means 'wall', 'ereh' means 'wakefulness' or 'alertness', 'magen' means 'shield'.
[ISA.22.7] And it was a selection of your valleys, the carriage was filled, and the parashim drank the hour. [§]
Vayehi mivchar-amakayich mal'u rachev veha-parashim shot shatu hash'ahrah.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was', 'mivchar-amakayich' means 'selection of your valleys', 'mal'u' means 'filled', 'rachev' means 'carriage' or 'chariot', 'veha-parashim' means 'and the parashim' (a proper noun or group, literal meaning unclear), 'shot' means 'drank', 'shatu' means 'they drank', 'hash'ahrah' means 'the hour'.
[ISA.22.8] And he uncovered the curtain of Judah, and she looked on that day toward the kiss of the house of the forest. [§]
Vayegal et masach Yehudah vatebet bayom hahu el-nesheq beit hayaar.
'Vayegal' means 'and he uncovered' or 'and he revealed'. 'et' is the direct‑object marker and is left untranslated. 'masach' means 'curtain' or 'veil'. 'Yehudah' is a proper name, translated as 'Judah'. 'vatebet' means 'and she looked' or 'and she gazed'. 'bayom' means 'on the day'. 'hahu' means 'that' or 'the aforementioned'. 'el-nesheq' is a construct phrase meaning 'toward the kiss' (with 'el' = 'to/toward' and 'nesheq' = 'kiss'). 'beit' means 'house of' and 'hayaar' means 'the forest'. The whole clause therefore conveys that she looked on that specific day toward the kiss associated with the house of the forest.
[ISA.22.9] And you saw the valleys of the city of David because they were many, and you gathered the waters of the lower pool. [§]
ve'et beki'ei ir david reitem ki rabu ve'tkabbetsu et mei habrekha hatachtonah.
've'et' means 'and (the)', 'beki'ei' means 'in the valleys of', 'ir' means 'city', 'david' is the personal name David, 'reitem' means 'you saw', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'rabu' means 'they were many', 've'tkabbetsu' means 'and you gathered/collected', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'mei' means 'waters of', 'habrekha' means 'the pool', 'hatachtonah' means 'the lower'.
[ISA.22.10] And you counted the houses of Jerusalem, and you scattered the houses to break the wall. [§]
ve'et batei Yerushalayim sfaratem vatitzu habatim levatzer hachomah.
've'et' means 'and' with the accusative particle, 'batei' means 'houses of', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'sfaratem' means 'you counted' (plural masculine), 'vatitzu' means 'and you scattered' (2nd person singular feminine, rendered here as generic 'you scattered'), 'habatim' means 'the houses', 'levatzer' means 'to break' (infinitive), 'hachomah' means 'the wall'.
[ISA.22.11] And a hope you made between the walls to the water of the old pool, and you did not look to its maker, and from afar you have not seen it. [§]
u-mi-qvah a-si-tem bein ha-chomot le-mei ha-brekhah ha-ye-she-nah ve-lo hi-bbat-tem el o-seh-a ve-yotz-rah me-ra-chok lo re-i-tem.
'u-mi-qvah' means 'and a hope', 'a-si-tem' means 'you made', 'bein' means 'between', 'ha-chomot' means 'the walls', 'le-mei' means 'to the water of', 'ha-brekhah' means 'the pool', 'ha-ye-she-nah' means 'the old', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'hi-bbat-tem' means 'you looked', 'el' means 'to', 'o-seh-a' means 'her maker/creator', 've-yotz-rah' means 'and its formation/creation', 'me-ra-chok' means 'from afar', 'lo' means 'not', 're-i-tem' means 'you saw'.
[ISA.22.12] And my Lord Yahveh of hosts called that day to weeping and mourning and shaving and to putting on sackcloth. [§]
vayikra Adonai Yahveh Tzevaot bayom hahu livchi ulemisped ulekarchah velachagor sak
'vayikra' means 'and called', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'bayom' means 'on the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'livchi' means 'for weeping', 'ulemisped' means 'and for mourning', 'ulekarchah' means 'and for shaving', 'velachagor' means 'and for putting on', 'sak' means 'a sackcloth or garment of coarse material'.
[ISA.22.13] And behold, joy and gladness, the killing of cattle and the slaughter of sheep, eating meat and drinking wine, I will eat and drink, for tomorrow we shall die. [§]
ve-hineh sason ve-simcha ha-rog bakar ve-shachot tzon akhol basar ve-shatot yayin akhol ve-shatot ki machar namut.
've-hineh' means 'and behold', 'sason' means 'joy', 've-simcha' means 'and gladness', 'ha-rog' means 'the killing', 'bakar' means 'of cattle', 've-shachot' means 'and slaughter', 'tzon' means 'of sheep', 'akhol' means 'to eat', 'basar' means 'meat', 've-shatot' means 'and to drink', 'yayin' means 'wine', the second 'akhol ve-shatot' repeats 'I will eat and drink', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'machar' means 'tomorrow', 'namut' means 'we shall die'.
[ISA.22.14] And it shall be revealed in my ear, Yahveh of Hosts, if this iniquity be atoned for you until you die, said my Lord Yahveh of Hosts. [§]
ve-nigla be-oznai Yahveh Tzevaot im yikuper heavan hazeh lachem ad temutun amar Adonai Yahveh Tzevaot.
've-nigla' means 'and it shall be revealed', 'be-oznai' means 'in my ear', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' or 'armies', 'im' means 'if', 'yikuper' means 'it be atoned', 'heavan' means 'the sin/iniquity', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'lachem' means 'to you', 'ad' means 'until', 'temutun' means 'you die', 'amar' means 'said', 'Adonai' translates as 'my Lord'.
[ISA.22.15] Thus said my Lord Yahveh hosts, go and come to the dweller here, upon the stone that is on the house. [§]
koh amar Adonai Yahveh Tzevaot lekh bo el hasokhen hazeh al shevna asher al habayit.
'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' means 'Yahveh', 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'lekh' means 'go', 'bo' means 'come', 'el' means 'to', 'hasokhen' means 'the dweller', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'al' means 'upon', 'shevna' means 'the stone', 'asher' means 'that', 'al' means 'upon', 'habayit' means 'the house'.
[ISA.22.16] What is yours here and who is yours here, because you have cut for yourself a grave here; my cutter is lofty, his burial; my engraver in the stone, his dwelling. [§]
mah-lekha po u-mi lecha po ki chatsavta lecha po kaver chotzvi marom kivro chokki ba sela mishkan lo.
'mah' means 'what', 'lecha' means 'to you' (masc.), 'po' means 'here', 'u' means 'and', 'mi' means 'who', 'ki' means 'because', 'chatsavta' means 'you have cut', 'kaver' means 'grave', 'chotzvi' means 'my cutter', 'marom' means 'high' or 'lofty', 'kivro' means 'his burial', 'chokki' means 'my engraver', 'ba' means 'in', 'sela' means 'stone', 'mishkan' means 'dwelling', 'lo' means 'his'.
[ISA.22.17] Behold Yahveh will shake you as a man shakes, and He will clothe you with a covering. [§]
Hinneh Yahveh metaltetcha taltela gaver veotcha atho.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold'. 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of the divine name YHVH, rendered as Yahveh. 'metaltetcha' is a verb meaning 'will cause you to shake' (from the root meaning to shake or toss). 'taltela' is a noun meaning 'a shaking' or 'shaking like'. 'gaver' means 'man'. 'veotcha' is a conjunction plus verb meaning 'and will clothe you' (from the root meaning to wrap or cover). 'atho' is a verb meaning 'He will clothe' or 'He will cover'.
[ISA.22.18] Swoop, your winged ones, like a circle to the earth, the breadth of your hand; there you will die and there the chariots of your glory are, the dwelling of Yahveh. [§]
Tzanof yitznafecha tznefah kadur el-eretzz rachavath yadecha shamma tamut ve-shamma markevot kevodecha kelon beit adonecha.
'Tzanof' means 'to swoop' or 'to hover like a bird of prey'; 'yitznafecha' means 'your winged ones'; 'tznefah' means 'a wing'; 'kadur' means 'like a circle' or 'as a wheel'; 'el-eretzz' means 'to the earth'; 'rachavath' means 'the breadth' or 'the expanse'; 'yadecha' means 'your hand'; 'shamma' means 'there'; 'tamut' means 'you will die'; 've-shamma' means 'and there'; 'markevot' means 'chariots'; 'kevodecha' means 'your glory'; 'kelon' means 'a dwelling' or 'a place of residence'; 'beit' means 'house' or 'temple'; 'adonecha' contains the divine name Adonai and is rendered as 'my Lord' per the translation rule, here treated as 'Yahveh's house' (the house of the Lord). The divine name YHVH is translated as 'Yahveh'.
[ISA.22.19] And I will drive you from your position, and from your standing, it will destroy you. [§]
va-hadaptikha mimattsavekha u-mi-ma'amadkha yehersekh.
'va-hadaptikha' means 'and I will drive/pursue you', 'mimattsavekha' means 'from your position', 'u-mi-ma'amadkha' means 'and from your standing/rank', 'yehersekh' means 'it will destroy you'.
[ISA.22.20] And it shall be in that day that I will call my servant God will raise up, son of Chilqi of Yahveh. [§]
vehayah bayom hahu vekarati le'avdi le'elyakim ben-chilqiyahu.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'bayom' means 'in the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'vekarati' means 'and I will call', 'le'avdi' means 'to my servant', 'le'elyakim' is the name 'Eliakim' where 'El' means 'God' so it is rendered as 'God will raise up', 'ben' means 'son of', 'chilqiyahu' is the name 'Chilqiyahu' where the ending 'yahu' contains the divine name YHVH which is translated as 'Yahveh', thus it is rendered as 'Chilqi of Yahveh'.
[ISA.22.21] And I will clothe him with your garment and your crown, I will strengthen him, and I will give your rule into his hand; and he shall be a father to the dweller of Jerusalem and to the house of Judah. [§]
vehilbashtiv kutantache veavnetach achazkenu u memsheltecha etten beyado vehayah leav leyoshev Yerushalayim u lebeit Yehudah.
'vehilbashtiv' means 'and I will clothe him', 'kutantache' means 'with your garment', 'veavnetach' means 'and your crown', 'achazkenu' means 'I will strengthen him', 'u memsheltecha' means 'and your rule/governance', 'etten' means 'I will give', 'beyado' means 'into his hand', 'vehayah' means 'and it will be', 'leav' means 'to a father', 'leyoshev' means 'to the one who dwells', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'ubeit' means 'and to the house', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah'.
[ISA.22.22] And I will give a key to the house of David upon his shoulder; he will open and there will be no one to shut, and he will shut and there will be no one to open. [§]
ve-natati mafteach beit-David al-shikmo u-fatah ve-ein soger ve-sagar ve-ein poteach.
've' means 'and', 'natati' means 'I will give', 'mafteach' means 'key', 'beit-David' means 'house of David', 'al-shikmo' means 'upon his shoulder', 'u-fatah' means 'and (he) opens', 've-ein' means 'and there is no', 'soger' means 'one who shuts/closer', 've-sagar' means 'and (he) shuts', 've-ein' means 'and there is no', 'poteach' means 'one who opens'.
[ISA.22.23] And you shall set up a pillar in a faithful place, and it shall be a throne of glory to his father's house. [§]
utekativ yatad be makom neeman ve haya lekisse kavod lebeit aviv.
'utekativ' means 'and you shall set up', 'yatad' means 'a pillar', 'be' means 'in', 'makom' means 'place', 'neeman' means 'faithful' or 'trustworthy', 've' means 'and', 'haya' means 'it shall be', 'lekisse' means 'for a throne', 'kavod' means 'glory', 'lebeit' means 'to the house of', 'aviv' means 'his father'.
[ISA.22.24] And all the glory of his father's house shall hang upon him, the exiles and the banners, all the vessels of the small, the vessels of the jars, and even all the vessels of the lyres. [§]
ve-talu alav kol kevod beit-aviv ha-tzeetzaim ve-hatzefiot kol klei ha-katan miklei ha-agannot ve-ad kol-klei ha-nevalim.
've-talu' means 'and shall hang', 'alav' means 'upon him', 'kol' means 'all', 'kevod' means 'glory', 'beit-aviv' means "father's house", 'ha-tzeetzaim' means 'the exiles', 've-hatzefiot' means 'and the banners', 'klei' means 'vessels', 'ha-katan' means 'the small', 'miklei' means 'of the vessels', 'ha-agannot' means 'the jars', 've-ad' means 'and even', 'kol-klei' means 'all vessels', 'ha-nevalim' means 'the lyres'.
[ISA.22.25] On that day, says Yahveh of hosts, the cornerstone, the stumbling stone, shall be removed in a faithful place, and it shall be broken and fall, and the burden that is upon it shall be cut off, because Yahveh has spoken. [§]
bay yom ha hu neum Yahveh Tzevaot tamush ha yated hatakua bemaqom neeman ve nigdeah ve nafla ve nichrat hamassa asher alaha ki Yahveh diber.
'bay' means 'in the', 'yom' means 'day', 'ha' means 'the', 'hu' means 'that', 'neum' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'of hosts', 'tamush' means 'shall be removed', 'ha' means 'the', 'yated' means 'cornerstone', 'hatakua' means 'the stumbling stone', 'bemaqom' means 'in a place', 'neeman' means 'faithful', 've' means 'and', 'nigdeah' means 'it shall be broken', 'nafla' means 'it shall fall', 'nichrat' means 'it shall be cut off', 'hamassa' means 'the burden', 'asher' means 'that', 'alah' means 'upon it', 'ki' means 'because', 'diber' means 'has spoken'.
ISA.23
[ISA.23.1] The burden of the enemy, they wailed, fools, shame, because a plunderer from a house, from its entrance, from the land of the Kittim was revealed to them. [§]
Massa tzor heylilu oniot tarshish ki shudad mi-bayit mi-bo me-eretz Kittim niglah lamo.
'Massa' means 'burden' or 'load', 'tzor' means 'enemy' or 'oppressor', 'heylilu' means 'they shouted' or 'they wailed', 'oniot' means 'fools' or 'idiots', 'tarshish' means 'shame' or 'ashamed', 'ki' means 'because', 'shudad' means 'a plunderer' or 'robber', 'mi-bayit' means 'from a house', 'mi-bo' means 'from its entrance', 'me-eretz' means 'from the land', 'Kittim' refers to the people or region of Kittim (western islands, often identified with distant maritime peoples), 'niglah' means 'was revealed' or 'appeared', and 'lamo' means 'to them'.
[ISA.23.2] They are like the island dwellers, a wanderer of Sidon passes the full sea. [§]
domu yoshvei ai socher tzidon over yam miluch.
'domu' means 'they are like' or 'they resemble', 'yoshvei' means 'inhabitants' or 'those who dwell', 'ai' means 'island', 'socher' means 'traveler' or 'wanderer', 'tzidon' means 'Sidon' (the city), 'over' means 'passing' or 'crossing', 'yam' means 'sea', 'miluch' means 'full' or 'fullness'.
[ISA.23.3] And in many waters the black seed of the harvest, its abundant fruitfulness, and it became the trade of the nations. [§]
Uve'mayim rabbim zera shichor ketzir ye'or tevuatah vatehi sechar goyim.
'Uve' means 'and in', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'rabbim' means 'many', 'zera' means 'seed', 'shichor' means 'black', 'ketzir' means 'harvest', 'ye'or' means 'light' or 'bright', 'tevuatah' means 'its fruitfulness' or 'its abundance', 'vatehi' means 'and it became', 'sechar' means 'trade' or 'commerce', 'goyim' means 'nations'.
[ISA.23.4] Shame be upon idolatry, because the sea said, "The sea is a fortress," to say, "I have not walked, nor have I given birth, nor have I grown among the youths; I have risen among virgins." [§]
Boshi tzidon ki amar yam maoz hayam le'emor lo chalti ve'lo yaladti ve'lo gidlti ba'khurim romamti be'tulot.
"Boshi" means "shame", "tzidon" means "idolatry" or "idol", "ki" means "because", "amar" means "said", "yam" means "sea", "maoz" means "fortress", "hayam" means "the sea", "le'emor" means "to say", "lo" means "not", "chalti" means "I have walked", "ve'lo" means "and not", "yaladti" means "I have given birth", "gidlti" means "I have grown", "ba'khurim" means "among youths", "romamti" means "I have risen", "be'tulot" means "among virgins". No divine name appears in this verse, so no special translation of a divine name is needed.
[ISA.23.5] As they hear concerning Egypt, they will begin as the hearing of the Rock. [§]
Ka'asher-shema le-Mitzrayim yachilu ke-shema Tzur.
'Ka'asher' means 'as' or 'when', 'shema' means 'hear' or 'listen', 'le-Mitzrayim' means 'to Egypt' or 'concerning Egypt', 'yachilu' means 'they will begin' or 'they will start', 'ke-shema' means 'as (the) hearing', 'Tzur' means 'Rock', a name for God, translated literally as 'Rock'.
[ISA.23.6] Cross over the couch grass; they will shout, O inhabitants of the island. [§]
Ibru Tarshisha Heililu Yoshevei I.
"Ibru" means "cross over" (imperative plural). "Tarshisha" refers to a low weed or couch grass. "Heililu" is from the root H-L-L meaning "they shall shout" or "they will cry out". "Yoshevei" means "inhabitants of" or "those dwelling in". "I" means "the island".
[ISA.23.7] Consider this for you, swift ones: from the ancient days of its beginning they will draw its feet from afar to settle. [§]
Hazot lakhem aliza miymei kedem kadmatah yoviluha ragleiha merachok lagur.
'Hazot' means 'this' (feminine demonstrative), 'lakhem' means 'for you' (plural), 'aliza' means 'swift' or 'quick', 'miymei' means 'from the days of', 'kedem' means 'ancient' or 'former', 'kadmatah' means 'its beginning' (feminine), 'yoviluha' means 'they will bring it' or 'they will draw it', 'ragleiha' means 'its feet', 'merachok' means 'from far away' or 'from afar', 'lagur' means 'to dwell' or 'to settle'.
[ISA.23.8] Who counsels this upon the rock, the rain‑bringer, whose merchants are princes and whose vines are the honored of the earth. [§]
Mi ya'atz zot al-tzur ha-ma'ati'ra asher socheri sarim kin'aneha nikhbadei-aretz.
'Mi' means 'who', 'ya'atz' means 'counsels' or 'plans', 'zot' means 'this', 'al' means 'upon' or 'against', 'tzur' means 'rock' or 'fortress', 'ha-ma'ati'ra' means 'the rain‑bringer' (from the root *atar* meaning rain), 'asher' means 'who' or 'which', 'socheri' means 'its merchants', 'sarim' means 'princes' or 'leaders', 'kin'aneha' means 'its vines' or figuratively 'its blossoms', 'nikhbadei-aretz' means 'the honored of the earth'.
[ISA.23.9] Yahveh of hosts will counsel to blaspheme the pride of all his boasting, to exalt all the honored of the earth. [§]
Yahveh Tzevaot ye'atzah lechalel gaon kol-tzvi lehakel kol-nichbadei aretz.
'Yahveh' means the divine name YHWH, translated as Yahveh. 'Tzevaot' means hosts or armies. 'ye'atzah' is the verb meaning 'will advise' or 'will counsel'. 'lechalel' is the infinitive construct meaning 'to blaspheme'. 'gaon' means 'pride'. 'kol-tzvi' combines 'kol' (all) with 'tzvi' (boasting), giving 'all his boasting'. 'lehakel' is the infinitive meaning 'to lift up' or 'to exalt'. 'kol-nichbadei' combines 'kol' (all) with 'nichbadei' (the honored), meaning 'all the honored'. 'aretz' means 'earth' or 'land'.
[ISA.23.10] Hebrew, your land is like a river, daughter of Tarshish; there is no spring any longer. [§]
Ivri artzech kayor bat-Tarshish ein mezach od.
'Ivri' means 'Hebrew', 'artzech' means 'your land', 'kayor' means 'like a river', 'bat-Tarshish' means 'daughter of Tarshish', 'ein' means 'there is no', 'mezach' means 'spring' (a source of water), 'od' means 'anymore' or 'any longer'.
[ISA.23.11] His hand raised upon the sea, he stirred up the kingdoms; Yahveh commanded against Canaan to destroy its refuge. [§]
Yado nata al hayam hargiz mamlekot Yahveh tzivah el kena'an lashmid mauzneha.
'Yado' means 'his hand', 'nata' means 'raised', 'al' means 'upon', 'hayam' means 'the sea', 'hargiz' means 'stirred up' or 'agitated', 'mamlekot' means 'kingdoms', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'tzivah' means 'commanded', 'el' means 'against' or 'to', 'kena'an' means 'Canaan', 'lashmid' means 'to destroy', 'mauzneha' means 'its refuge' (literally 'its stronghold').
[ISA.23.12] And he said, 'Do not add again to the oppressed virgin, daughter of Sidon, the Citian; arise, go over, also there will not rest you.' [§]
Vayomer lo-tosifi od la'aloz hame'ushakah be'tulat bat-tzidon kitayim kumi avori gam-sham lo-yanuch lach.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'lo' means 'not', 'tosifi' means 'you (feminine) add/continue', 'od' means 'again', 'la'aloz' means 'to the ascent/levy', 'hame'ushakah' means 'the oppressed', 'be'tulat' means 'in the virgin', 'bat-tzidon' means 'daughter of Sidon', 'kitayim' means 'Citians' (a people), 'kumi' means 'rise', 'avori' means 'go over', 'gam-sham' means 'also there', 'lo-yanuch' means 'will not rest', 'lach' means 'you (feminine)'.
[ISA.23.13] Behold, the land of the Sidonians, this people was not Assyrian; its foundation for foreigners they established in its strength, they raised its towers, he placed them for downfall. [§]
Hen erets kashdim zeh haam lo hayah ashur yesadah letziyim hekimu bachinav orru armnoteha samah lemappela.
'Hen' means 'behold', 'erets' means 'land', 'kashdim' is a proper name meaning 'of the Sidonians' or 'of the Assyrians' (contextual), 'zeh' means 'this', 'haam' means 'the people', 'lo' means 'not', 'hayah' means 'was', 'ashur' is the name of the Assyrian empire, 'yesadah' means 'its foundation', 'letziyim' means 'for the foreigners', 'hekimu' means 'they established', 'bachinav' means 'in its dwelling' or 'in its strength', 'orru' means 'they raise' or 'they stir up', 'armnoteha' means 'its towers', 'samah' means 'he placed', 'lemappela' means 'to cause to fall' or 'for downfall'.
[ISA.23.14] They shall howl, my sighs, deception, because destruction is your refuge. [§]
heylilu oniyot tarsheesh ki shudad maozkhen.
'heylilu' means 'they shall howl' or 'they shall wail', 'oniyot' means 'my sighs' or 'my burdens', 'tarsheesh' means 'deception' or 'a harlot', 'ki' means 'because', 'shudad' means 'ruin' or 'destruction', 'maozkhen' means 'your refuge' (literally 'your fortress').
[ISA.23.15] And it shall be on that day that the rock shall be forgotten for seventy years, as the days of one king; from the end of seventy years it shall become to the rock like the song of the prostitute. [§]
Ve-hayah ba-yom ha-hu ve-nishkachat Tzor shiv'im shanah ki-mei melech echad mi-ketz shiv'im shanah yiheyeh le-Tzor ke-shirat ha-zonah.
'Ve-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ba-yom' means 'in the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 've-nishkachat' means 'and shall be forgotten', 'Tzor' means 'rock', 'shiv'im' means 'seventy', 'shanah' means 'years', 'ki-mei' means 'as the days of', 'melech' means 'king', 'echad' means 'one', 'mi-ketz' means 'from the end of', 'yiheyeh' means 'shall be', 'le-Tzor' means 'to the rock', 'ke-shirat' means 'as the singing of', 'ha-zonah' means 'the prostitute' or 'the whore'.
[ISA.23.16] Take a harp, turn the forgotten prostitute city; be gracious, play the many-song, so that you may remember. [§]
kechi kinor sovi ir zona nishkachah heitivii nagen harbischir lema'an tizzacheri.
'kechi' means 'take' (imperative, feminine), 'kinor' means 'harp', 'sovi' means 'turn' or 'spin' (imperative, feminine), 'ir' means 'city', 'zona' means 'prostitute' or 'harlot', 'nishkachah' means 'forgotten' (passive participle), 'heitivii' means 'be gracious' or 'be kind' (imperative, feminine), 'nagen' means 'play' (imperative, masculine singular), 'harbischir' means 'many-song' (a compound meaning a song of many parts), 'lema'an' means 'for the purpose of' or 'in order that', 'tizzacheri' means 'you may remember' (future, feminine).
[ISA.23.17] And it shall be at the end of seventy years Yahveh will punish Tzor, and he will return to Etnanna, and he will prostitute all the kingdoms of the earth upon the face of the ground. [§]
vehayah miketz shivaim shana yifkod Yahveh et Tzor veshava leEtnanna vezanetah et kol mamlekot haaretz al penei haadamah.
've' means 'and', 'hayah' means 'it shall be', 'miketz' means 'at the end', 'shivaim' means 'seventy', 'shana' means 'years', 'yifkod' means 'will punish', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'et' is the accusative particle, 'Tzor' is a proper name, 'veshava' means 'and will return', 'leEtnanna' means 'to Etnanna' (a place name), 'vezanetah' means 'and will prostitute' (or 'defile'), 'et' again the accusative particle, 'kol' means 'all', 'mamlekot' means 'kingdoms', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'al' means 'upon', 'penei' means 'the face of', 'haadamah' means 'the ground'.
[ISA.23.18] And it will be its companion, and its waste will be holy to Yahveh; it will not be stored nor preserved, because for those who sit before Yahveh its companion will be to eat, to satisfy, and to cover the old. [§]
ve-hayah sachrah ve-etnanah kodesh laYahveh lo yeotzer ve-lo yechasen ki la-yoshvim lifnei Yahveh yihyeh sachrah le'echol le-savah u-li-mikhaseh atik.
've-hayah' means 'and it will be', 'sachrah' means 'its companion', 've-etnanah' means 'and its waste', 'kodesh' means 'holy', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'lo' means 'not', 'yeotzer' means 'will be stored', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yechasen' means 'will be preserved', 'ki' means 'because', 'la-yoshvim' means 'for those who sit', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'Yahveh' means 'Yahveh', 'yihyeh' means 'will be', 'sachrah' means 'its companion', 'le'echol' means 'to eat', 'le-savah' means 'to satisfy', 'u-li-mikhaseh' means 'and to cover', 'atik' means 'old'.
ISA.24
[ISA.24.1] Behold Yahveh hurries the earth and its devastation, and its face turns, and he spreads its inhabitants. [§]
Hinneh Yahveh bokek haaretz uvolkah veivah paneha vehefit yosveha.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'bokek' means 'hurries' or 'swiftly moves', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'uvolkah' means 'and its waste' or 'its devastation', 'veivah' means 'and its turning' or 'its face', 'paneha' means 'its face', 'vehefit' means 'and he spreads', 'yosveha' means 'its inhabitants'.
[ISA.24.2] And it shall be like a people, like a priest, like a servant, like his lord, like a maidservant, like a lady, like a potter, like a merchant, like a hired servant, like a slave, like a carrier, like that which is carried in it. [§]
ve-hayah ka-am ka-kohen ka-evved ka-adonav ka-shifchah ka-geveretah ka-koneh ka-moker ka-mal've ka-lvoh ka-nosheh ka-asher nose bo.
've-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ka-' is the prefix meaning 'like' or 'as', 'am' means 'people', 'kohen' means 'priest', 'evved' means 'servant' or 'slave', 'adonav' means 'his lord', 'shifchah' means 'maidservant', 'geveretah' means 'lady' (a married woman), 'koneh' means 'potter' or 'one who makes vessels', 'moker' means 'seller' or 'merchant', 'mal've' means 'hired servant', 'lvoh' (from 'lavah') means 'slave' or 'bondservant', 'nosheh' means 'carrier' or 'bearer', 'asher' means 'that which', 'nose' means 'carries' or 'bears', and 'bo' means 'in it'.
[ISA.24.3] He causes the earth to be, and He causes it to be, because Yahveh spoke this word. [§]
Hibbok tibbok haaretz vehibboz tibbaz ki Yahveh diber et-hadavar hazeh.
"Hibbok" and "tibbok" are verb forms meaning "he causes" or "he brings forth"; "haaretz" means "the earth"; "vehibboz" means "and he causes"; "tibbaz" is another form of the same verb; "ki" means "because"; "Yahveh" is the proper name of God; "diber" means "spoke"; "et-hadavar" means "the word"; "hazeh" means "this".
[ISA.24.4] The earth is perished, the earth is wasted; the world is wasted, the high places of the peoples of the earth have become weak. [§]
avla navla haaretz umlela navla tevel umlelu merom am-haaretz.
"avla" means "perished" or "wasted", "navla" means "perished" or "foolish", "haaretz" means "the earth", "umlela" means "has become weak" or "is faint", "navla" again means "perished", "tevel" means "world", "umlelu" means "they have become weak", "merom" means "high places" or "heights", "am-haaretz" means "the peoples of the earth".
[ISA.24.5] And the earth has become corrupt under its inhabitants because they have transgressed statutes, have broken the law, have violated the everlasting covenant. [§]
vehaaretz chanpah tachat yosveha ki avru torot chalpu choq heferu berit olam.
'vehaaretz' means 'and the earth', 'chanpah' means 'has become corrupt' or 'has wasted', 'tachat' means 'under', 'yosveha' means 'its dwellers' or 'its inhabitants', 'ki' means 'because', 'avru' means 'they have transgressed' or 'have crossed', 'torot' means 'laws' or 'statutes', 'chalpu' means 'they have broken' or 'have changed', 'choq' means 'law' or 'decree', 'heferu' means 'they have broken', 'berit' means 'covenant', 'olam' means 'everlasting' or 'forever'.
[ISA.24.6] Therefore the earth is brought forth and has devoured, and its inhabitants will be blamed; therefore the inhabitants of the earth are burned, and a little man remains. [§]
Al-ken alah akhla eretz vayeyeshmu yoshvei bah al-ken charu yoshvei eretz venish'ar enosh miz'ar.
'Al-ken' means 'therefore' or 'for this reason', 'alah' is the verb 'to bring forth' or 'to cause to rise', 'akhla' means 'has eaten' or 'consumed', 'eretz' means 'the earth', 'vayeyeshmu' means 'and they will be blamed' or 'accused', 'yoshvei' means 'those who dwell' (inhabitants), 'bah' means 'in it', the second 'al-ken' repeats 'therefore', 'charu' means 'will burn' or 'are kindled', the second 'yoshvei eretz' again 'inhabitants of the earth', 'venish'ar' means 'and remains' or 'is left', 'enosh' means 'man' (human), and 'miz'ar' means 'small' or 'little'.
[ISA.24.7] Mourning, new wine, a withered vine, have humbled all the joys of the heart. [§]
Abal tirosh umel'la-gafen ne'enchu kol-simchei-lev.
'Abal' means 'mourning' or 'grief', 'tirosh' means 'new wine', 'umel'la-gafen' means 'a withered vine', 'ne'enchu' means 'have been humbled' or 'have been reduced', 'kol' means 'all', 'simchei' means 'joys', 'lev' means 'heart'.
[ISA.24.8] He rested, making merry with trophies; the shout of the proud ceased; he rested, making merry with the harp. [§]
shavat mesos tupim chadal sheon alizim shavat mesos kinor.
'shavat' means 'he rested' or 'he ceased', 'mesos' means 'making merry', 'tupim' means 'trophies' or 'prizes', 'chadal' means 'ceased', 'sheon' means 'shout' or 'clamor', 'alizim' means 'the proud' or 'the haughty', 'kinor' means 'harp' (a stringed instrument).
[ISA.24.9] In the song they will not drink wine; let the drunkard speak to his drinker. [§]
ba-shir lo yishtu-yayin yemar shekhar le-shotav.
'ba-shir' means 'in the song', 'lo' means 'not', 'yishtu' means 'they will drink', 'yayin' means 'wine', 'yemar' means 'let speak' or 'shall speak', 'shekhar' means 'the drunkard', 'le-shotav' means 'to his drinker' or 'to the one who drinks with him'.
[ISA.24.10] The city of emptiness is broken; all houses are closed from the entrance. [§]
Nishbera Qiryat-tohu suggar kol-bayit mi-vo.
'Nishbera' means 'is broken', 'Qiryat-tohu' means 'the city of emptiness', 'suggar' means 'is closed', 'kol' means 'all', 'bayit' means 'house', 'mi-vo' means 'from the entrance'.
[ISA.24.11] Wine was poured in the courtyards; the evening brought all joy, and the earth rejoiced. [§]
tzevah al hayayin bachutzot arbeh kol simcha gala mesos haaretz.
'tzevah' means 'sprinkling' or 'poured wine', 'al' means 'on' or 'upon', 'hayayin' means 'the wine', 'bachutzot' means 'in the courtyards', 'arbeh' means 'evening', 'kol' means 'all', 'simcha' means 'joy' or 'happiness', 'gala' means 'leapt' or 'sprang', 'mesos' (from meso-s ) means 'rejoicing', 'haaretz' means 'the earth' or 'the land'.
[ISA.24.12] It remains in the city there, and the fire will cut the gate. [§]
Nishar ba'ir shammah ushei'ah yukkath-sha'ar.
'Nishar' means 'remains' or 'is left', 'ba'ir' means 'in the city', 'shammah' means 'there', 'ushei'ah' is rendered as 'and the fire', 'yukkath' means 'will cut' and 'sha'ar' means 'gate'. The clause 'yukkath-sha'ar' therefore conveys the idea that the fire will cut (or break) the gate.
[ISA.24.13] Because thus it shall be in the midst of the earth, within the peoples, like a striking olive, like a swirling, if all has fled. [§]
ki ko yiheye beqereb haaretz betoch haamim kenokef zayit keolelot imkalah batzir.
'ki' means 'because', 'ko' means 'thus', 'yiheye' means 'it shall be', 'beqereb' means 'in the midst', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'betoch' means 'within', 'haamim' means 'the peoples', 'kenokef' means 'like a striking', 'zayit' means 'olive', 'keolelot' means 'like a swirling', 'imkalah' means 'if all', 'batzir' means 'is fled' or 'has fled'.
[ISA.24.14] They will lift up their voice, they will rejoice with pride in Yahveh, they shouted from the sea. [§]
Hem yissaa kolam yarno bigaon Yahveh tzahaloo miyam.
'Hem' means 'they', 'yissaa' means 'will lift up', 'kolam' means 'their voice', 'yarno' means 'will rejoice', 'bigaon' means 'with pride', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'tzahaloo' means 'they shouted', 'miyam' means 'from the sea'.
[ISA.24.15] For this they are burned; honor Yahveh in the islands of the sea, the name Yahveh, God of Israel. [§]
Al-ken baurim kabbedu Yahveh be'iyye ha-yam shem Yahveh Elohei Yisrael.
'Al-ken' means 'for this', 'baurim' means 'they are burned' (passive participle of burn), 'kabbedu' means 'honor' (imperative plural), 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'be'iyye' means 'in the islands', 'ha-yam' means 'the sea', 'shem' means 'name', 'Elohei' is the construct form of 'Elohim' and is rendered here as 'God of' (singular sense), 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[ISA.24.16] From the wing of the earth we have heard songs; the army of the righteous, and I said, my secret to me, my secret to me, woe to me; traitors have betrayed, and a garment of traitors has betrayed. [§]
Miknaf haaretz zemirot shama'nu tzevi latzaddik vaomar razi-li razi-li oy li bogdim bagadu uveged bogdim bagadu.
'Miknaf' means 'from the wing', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'zemirot' means 'songs', 'shama'nu' means 'we have heard', 'tzevi' means 'army', 'latzaddik' means 'of the righteous', 'vaomar' means 'and I said', 'razi-li' means 'my secret to me' (repeated for emphasis), 'oy' means 'woe', 'li' means 'to me', 'bogdim' means 'traitors' or 'those who betray', 'bagadu' means 'have betrayed', 'uveged' means 'and garment', 'bogdim' again 'traitors', 'bagadu' again 'have betrayed'.
[ISA.24.17] Fear and panic and dread be upon you, dweller of the earth. [§]
Pachad vafachat vafach alekha yoshev haaretz.
'Pachad' means 'fear' or 'terror', 'vafachat' means 'and panic' (the conjunction v- plus the noun pachat), 'vafach' repeats the idea with 'and dread', 'alekha' means 'upon you' (addressed to a male), 'yoshev' means 'dweller' or 'inhabitant', and 'haaretz' means 'the earth'.
[ISA.24.18] And it shall be that the one who escapes from the voice of terror will fall to the panic, and the one who rises from within the panic will be caught in the panic, because terrors from above were opened and the foundations of the earth shook. [§]
vehayah hanas mikol hapachad yipol el-hapachat vehaolah mitoch hapachat yilached bapach ki arubot mimarum niftachu vayirashu mosde erets.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'hanas' means 'the one who escapes', 'mikol' means 'from the voice of', 'hapachad' means 'terror', 'yipol' means 'will fall', 'el' means 'to', 'hapachat' means 'the panic', 'vehaolah' means 'and the one who rises', 'mitoch' means 'from within', 'yilached' means 'will be caught', 'bapach' means 'in the panic', 'ki' means 'because', 'arubot' means 'terrors', 'mimarum' means 'from above', 'niftachu' means 'were opened', 'vayirashu' means 'and they shook', 'mosde' means 'foundations of', 'erets' means 'the earth'.
[ISA.24.19] Shaking, the earth is being shaken, breaking, the earth is being broken, trembling, the earth is being shaken, earth. [§]
Roa hitroa haaretz por hitporra eretz mot hitmotta aretz.
'Roa' means 'shaking', 'hitroa' is a reflexive verb meaning 'is being shaken', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'por' means 'breaking' or 'to break', 'hitporra' means 'is being broken', 'eretz' means 'earth', 'mot' means 'trembling' or 'unstable', 'hitmotta' means 'is being shaken', 'aretz' means 'earth'.
[ISA.24.20] Shake, O earth, as if drunk, and be terrified as molten, and her iniquity is heavy upon her; she falls and will not rise again. [§]
noa tanu'a erets kashikor vehitnodda kammelunah vechavad aleha pishah venafla velo toseef kum.
'noa' means 'shake' (imperative), 'tanu'a' means 'you will shake' or 'shall shake', 'erets' means 'earth', 'kashikor' means 'as a drunk', 'vehitnodda' means 'and will be terrified', 'kammelunah' means 'as molten' (like something melted), 'vechavad' means 'and heavy', 'aleha' means 'upon her', 'pishah' means 'her iniquity', 'venafla' means 'and she falls', 'velo' means 'and not', 'toseef' means 'will add' or 'will rise again', 'kum' means 'rise, stand'.
[ISA.24.21] And it shall be in that day that Yahveh will judge the host of the high in the high, and upon the kings of the earth, upon the earth. [§]
ve-hayah ba-yom ha-hu yipkod Yahveh al-tzeva ha-marom ba-marom ve-al malchei ha-adamah al ha-adamah.
've' means 'and', 'hayah' means 'it shall be', 'ba-yom' means 'in the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 'yipkod' means 'he will punish/judge', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'al' means 'upon', 'tzeva' means 'host/army', 'ha-marom' means 'the high/ heavens', 'ba-marom' means 'in the high', 've-al' means 'and upon', 'malchei' means 'kings of', 'ha-adamah' means 'the earth', the final 'al ha-adamah' repeats 'upon the earth'.
[ISA.24.22] And they were gathered a collection of prisoners upon a pit, and they were shut upon a lock, and after many days they will be judged. [§]
ve-ussfu asefah asir al-bor ve-sugru al-masger u-merov yamim yipakedu.
've-ussfu' means 'and they were gathered', 'asefah' means 'a gathering' or 'collection', 'asir' means 'prisoner' or 'captives', 'al-bor' means 'upon a pit', 've-sugru' means 'and they were shut/closed', 'al-masger' means 'upon a lock' or 'fastening', 'u-merov' means 'and from many' or 'after a great number of', 'yamim' means 'days', 'yipakedu' means 'they will be accounted' or 'they will be judged'.
[ISA.24.23] And the whiteness shall become pale and the heat shall be ashamed, because Yahveh of hosts has reigned on the mountain Zion and in Jerusalem, and before his elders honor. [§]
vechafra ha-levana uvo'shah ha-chamah ki-malach Yahveh Tzevaot behar Tziyon uvirushalayim ve-neged zeqenav kavod.
'vechafra' means 'and shall become pale', 'ha-levana' means 'the whiteness', 'uvo'shah' means 'and shall be ashamed', 'ha-chamah' means 'the heat', 'ki' means 'because', 'malach' means 'reigned', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'behar' means 'on the mountain', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion', 'uvirushalayim' means 'and in Jerusalem', 've-neged' means 'and before', 'zeqenav' means 'his elders', 'kavod' means 'honor' or 'glory'.
ISA.25
[ISA.25.1] Yahveh my God, you I will exalt, I will give thanks to your name, because you have performed a marvel, the mighty from afar, faithful, truly. [§]
Yahveh Elohai Atah Aroimmkha Odeh Shimkha Ki Asita Pele Etzot Merachok Emunah Omen.
'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH. 'Elohai' means 'my God' (the word Eloh means God, with the first person singular possessive suffix). 'Atah' means 'you'. 'Aroimmkha' means 'I will exalt you' (the verb arum with a first person singular subject and second person masculine singular object). 'Odeh' means 'I will give thanks' or 'I will praise'. 'Shimkha' means 'your name'. 'Ki' means 'because'. 'Asita' means 'you have done' or 'you have performed'. 'Pele' means 'wonder' or 'marvel'. 'Etzot' (plural of etz) can mean 'strong ones' or 'mighty'. 'Merachok' means 'from afar' or 'from a distance'. 'Emunah' means 'faith' or 'faithfulness'. 'Omen' is an emphatic term meaning 'truly' or 'certainly'.
[ISA.25.2] Because you have set a city for exile, a town in a fortress for ruin, a foreigner's palace from the city will never be built forever. [§]
Ki samta me'ir lagal kirya be-tzurah le-mape'lah armón zarim me'ir le'olam lo yivaneh.
'Ki' means 'because', 'samta' means 'you have placed', 'me'ir' means 'from a city', 'lagal' means 'for exile', 'kirya' means 'city' or 'town', 'be-tzurah' means 'in a fortress', 'le-mape'lah' means 'for downfall' or 'for ruin', 'armón' means 'palace' or 'citadel', 'zarim' means 'foreigners', 'me'ir' again means 'from a city', 'le'olam' means 'forever', 'lo' means 'not', 'yivaneh' means 'will be built'.
[ISA.25.3] Therefore they will honor you, the people of strength, the city of nations, the mighty, they will fear you. [§]
Al-ken yechabbedu-ka am-az qiryat goyim aritzim yir'aw-ka.
'Al-ken' means 'therefore' or 'for that reason', 'yechabbedu-ka' means 'they will honor you', 'am-az' means 'people of strength', 'qiryat' means 'city of' (construct state), 'goyim' means 'nations' or 'peoples', 'aritzim' means 'the mighty' or 'powerful ones', 'yir'aw-ka' means 'they will fear you'.
[ISA.25.4] For you have been a refuge for the poor, a refuge for the needy; in his distress a shelter from the sword, a shade from the sword, because the wind of the arrogant is like a wall of sword. [§]
Ki hayita maoz ladal maoz laevyon batzar lo machseh miz'rem tzel mechoreb ki ruach aritsim kezerem kir.
'Ki' means 'for', 'hayita' means 'you have been', 'maoz' means 'refuge' or 'stronghold', 'ladal' means 'for the poor', the second 'maoz' repeats 'refuge', 'laevyon' means 'for the needy', 'batzar' means 'in the distress', 'lo' means 'him' (referring to the needy), 'machseh' means 'shelter', 'miz'rem' means 'from a sword' (zarem = sword), 'tzel' means 'shade', 'mechoreb' means 'from a sword', 'ki' means 'because', 'ruach' means 'wind' or 'breath', 'aritsim' means 'the arrogant' or 'the proud', 'kezerem' means 'like a wall', 'kir' means 'a sword' (or 'fire' in some poetic usage).
[ISA.25.5] Like a sword in Zion the wicked stranger will crush; a sword in the shadow of a cloud; a song of the violent will answer. [§]
kehorov btzion shoon zarim takhnia choref btsel av zamir aritsim yaane
'kehorov' means 'like a sword', 'btzion' means 'in Zion', 'shoon' means 'the wicked' or 'the enemy', 'zarim' means 'foreigners' or 'strangers', 'takhnia' means 'will crush' or 'will subdue', 'choref' means 'a sword', 'btsel' means 'in the shadow', 'av' means 'cloud', 'zamar' means 'song' or 'melody', 'aritsim' means 'the violent' or 'the wicked ones', 'yaane' means 'will answer' or 'will reply'.
[ISA.25.6] And Yahveh of hosts will make for all the peoples on this mountain a feast of fats, a feast of preserved foods, fats that are delighted, preserved foods that are refined. [§]
ve'asa Yahveh Tzevaot lekhol ha'amim ba'har hazeh mishte shmanim mishte shmarim shmanim memuchaim shmarim mezukkaqim.
've'asa' means 'and he will make/do', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' or 'armies', 'lekhol ha'amim' means 'for all the peoples', 'ba'har hazeh' means 'on this mountain', 'mishte' means 'feast' or 'drink', 'shmanim' means 'fats' or 'rich foods', the second 'mishte' repeats 'feast', 'shmarim' means 'preserved foods' or 'guarded foods', the third 'shmanim' again 'fats', 'memuchaim' means 'delighted' or 'joyous', the second 'shmarim' again 'preserved foods', and 'mezukkaqim' means 'refined' or 'pure'.
[ISA.25.7] And on this mountain the face of the wanderer, the wanderer, over all the peoples, and the covering that is poured over all the nations. [§]
uvila bahar hazeh pnei halot halot al kol haamim vehamassekha hanesukha al kol hagoyim.
'uvila' means 'and on/in the', 'bahar' means 'mountain', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'pnei' means 'face of', 'halot' means 'the wanderer' (a noun from root L-W-T meaning to wander), the second 'halot' repeats for emphasis, 'al' means 'upon' or 'over', 'kol' means 'all', 'haamim' means 'the peoples' (plural of 'am'), 'vehamassekha' means 'and the covering/veil', 'hanesukha' means 'the poured [out]', 'al' again means 'upon', 'kol' again means 'all', and 'hagoyim' means 'the nations' (plural of 'goy').
[ISA.25.8] Death shall be blotted out forever and my Lord Yahveh shall wipe away tears from all faces and remove the disgrace of his people from all the earth, for Yahveh has spoken. [§]
Billa ha-mavet lanetzach u-macha Adonai Yahveh dimah me'al kol-panim ve-cherpat ammo yasir me'al kol ha-aretz ki Yahveh diber.
'Billa' means 'blot out' or 'destroy', 'ha-mavet' means 'the death', 'lanetzach' means 'forever', 'u-macha' means 'and shall wipe', 'Adonai Yahveh' means 'my Lord Yahveh', 'dimah' means 'tears', 'me'al' means 'from' (literally 'from above'), 'kol-panim' means 'all faces', 've-cherpat' means 'and the disgrace', 'ammo' means 'of his people', 'yasir' means 'he will remove', 'me'al' means 'from', 'kol ha-aretz' means 'all the earth', 'ki' means 'for', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'diber' means 'has spoken'.
[ISA.25.9] And he said on that day, Behold, our God, we have hoped in him, and he will save us. Behold, Yahveh, we have hoped in him; let us rejoice and be glad in his salvation. [§]
veamar bayom hahu hineh Eloheinu zeh kivinu lo veyoshieinu zeh Yahveh kivinu lo nagila venismcha bishuto.
'veamar' means 'and said', 'bayom' means 'on the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'Eloheinu' means 'our God', 'zeh' means 'this', 'kivinu' means 'we have hoped', 'lo' means 'in him', 'veyoshieinu' means 'and he will save us', second 'zeh' means 'this', 'Yahveh' means 'the LORD (Yahveh)', second 'kivinu' means 'we have hoped', second 'lo' means 'in him', 'nagila' means 'let us rejoice', 'venismcha' means 'and be glad', 'bishuto' means 'in his salvation'.
[ISA.25.10] For the hand of Yahveh will rest on this mountain, and Moab will be shaken beneath it like a pestle pounding a mortar in water. [§]
ki tanooch yad Yahveh ba har ha zeh ve nadosh Moab tahtav kehidosh matben bemo madmena.
'ki' means 'for', 'tanooch' means 'will rest', 'yad' means 'hand', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'ba har' means 'on the mountain', 'ha zeh' means 'this', 've' means 'and', 'nadosh' means 'will be shaken', 'Moab' is the name of the nation, 'tahtav' means 'under it', 'kehidosh' means 'like a pestle', 'matben' means 'mortar', 'bemo' means 'in water', 'madmena' means 'of its own making'.
[ISA.25.11] And he spreads his hands within, as one spreads a net for hunting, and he lowers his pride with the strength of his hands. [§]
U'peras yadav be'kirbo ka'asher yifares ha'soche le'sachot ve'hishpil ga'avato im arbei yadav.
'U' means 'and', 'peras' means 'spreads', 'yadav' means 'his hands', 'be'kirbo' means 'within his midst', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'yifares' means 'one spreads', 'ha'soche' means 'the net', 'le'sachot' means 'to hunt', 've' means 'and', 'hishpil' means 'lowers', 'ga'avato' means 'his pride', 'im' means 'with', 'arbei' means 'the strength of', 'yadav' means 'his hands'.
[ISA.25.12] And from the stronghold, from the bulwark, your walls have been ruined, have been humbled, have come to the earth to dust. [§]
u-mibtsar misgab chomoteicha hesach hispil higia le-aretz ad-afar.
'u-mibtsar' means 'and from the stronghold', 'misgab' means 'from the bulwark', 'chomoteicha' means 'your walls', 'hesach' means 'has ruined', 'hispil' means 'has humbled', 'higia' means 'has come' or 'has arrived', 'le-aretz' means 'to the earth', 'ad-afar' means 'to dust' or 'until dust'.
ISA.26
[ISA.26.1] On that day he will sing this song in the land of Judah, a city of strength for us; salvation will establish walls and a dwelling place. [§]
bayo hahoo yushar hashir hazeh be'eretz yehudah ir az lanu yeshua yashit chomot vachal.
'bayo' means 'on that day', 'hahoo' means 'that', 'yushar' means 'he will sing', 'hashir' means 'the song', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'be'eretz' means 'in the land of', 'yehudah' means 'Judah', 'ir' means 'city', 'az' means 'strength', 'lanu' means 'for us', 'yeshua' means 'salvation', 'yashit' means 'will set up' or 'will establish', 'chomot' means 'walls', 'vachal' means 'and a portion' or 'and a dwelling place'.
[ISA.26.2] Open the gates, and a righteous nation shall come, preserving the faithful. [§]
Pittechu she'arim ve-yavo goy-tzaddik shomer emunim.
'Pittechu' means 'open (imperative plural)'; 'she'arim' means 'gates'; 've-yavo' means 'and may come'; 'goy-tzaddik' means 'a righteous nation or people'; 'shomer' means 'keeping, guarding, preserving'; 'emunim' means 'the faithful ones' or 'the faithful'.
[ISA.26.3] Desire, be near; you will establish peace, peace, because in you I trust. [§]
Yetzar samukh titzor shalom shalom ki becha batuch.
Yetzar means 'desire' or 'inclination'; samukh means 'close' or 'near'; titzor is the verb 'you will form' or 'you will establish'; shalom means 'peace'; the second shalom repeats for emphasis; ki means 'because' or 'for'; becha means 'in you' (addressing the divine one); batuch means 'I trust' or 'I have confidence'.
[ISA.26.4] Trust in Yahveh forever, for in Him Yahveh is the Rock of ages. [§]
bitchu baYahveh adei-ad ki beYah Yahveh tsur olamim.
'bitchu' means 'trust', 'baYahveh' means 'in Yahveh', 'adei-ad' means 'everlasting' or 'forever', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'beYah' means 'in Him', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH, 'tsur' means 'Rock', 'olamim' means 'ages' or 'everlasting'.
[ISA.26.5] For He has humbled the dwellers of the high places, the city that was lofty will be brought down; He will bring it down to the earth, and it will reach dust. [§]
Ki heshach yoshevei marom kirya nisgava yashpilena yashpilah ad-erets yaggi'ena ad afar.
'Ki' means 'for', 'heshach' means 'has ruined' or 'has humbled', 'yoshevei' means 'the dwellers (those who sit) of', 'marom' means 'height' or 'high places', 'kirya' means 'the city', 'nisgava' means 'is lofty' or 'is exalted', 'yashpilena' means 'He will bring her down', 'yashpilah' repeats the same idea for emphasis, 'ad-erets' means 'to the earth', 'yaggi'ena' means 'it will reach' (referring to the city’s fall), 'ad afar' means 'to dust'. The verse contrasts the pride of a lofty city with its impending humiliation and descent to the ground and dust.
[ISA.26.6] Your foot will trample it, the foot of the poor, the steps of the needy. [§]
tirmesena ragel raglei ani pa'amei dalim.
'tirmesena' means 'you will trample it', 'ragel' means 'foot', 'raglei' means 'the foot of', 'ani' means 'the poor', 'pa'amei' means 'the steps of', 'dalim' means 'the needy'.
[ISA.26.7] The way for the righteous is more upright than straight; the circle of the righteous you will be confounded. [§]
Orakh la-tzaddik me-yasharim yashar ma'agal tzaddik tefalas.
'Orakh' means 'way' or 'road', 'la-tzaddik' means 'for the righteous' (the preposition la- plus tzaddik = righteous one), 'me-yasharim' is a comparative form meaning 'more upright/straight' (from yashar = straight), 'yashar' means 'straight' or 'upright', 'ma'agal' means 'circle' or 'circuit', 'tzaddik' again means 'righteous one', and 'tefalas' is a verb form meaning 'you will be confounded' or 'you will be perplexed' (from the root P-L-S).
[ISA.26.8] Surely the way of your judgments, Yahveh, is your hope for your name and for your memory, the desire of the soul. [§]
Af orach mishpatecha Yahveh kivinnucha le-shimcha u-le-zikhrcha taavath-napes
'Af' means 'surely' or 'indeed', 'orach' means 'way' or 'path', 'mishpatecha' means 'your judgments', 'Yahveh' is the divine name YHWH rendered as Yahveh, 'kivinnucha' means 'your hope' or 'your expectation', 'le-shimcha' means 'for your name', 'u-le-zikhrcha' means 'and for your memorial' or 'memory', 'taavath-napes' means 'the desire of the soul' (taavah = desire, napes = soul).
[ISA.26.9] My soul has sought you in the night, and my spirit within me will praise you, because as your judgments are to the earth, the inhabitants of the world have learned righteousness. [§]
Nafshi iviti'cha balaila af-ruhi beqirbi asacharecha ki ka'asher mishpatecha laaretz tzedek lamdu yoshevei teveL.
'Nafshi' means 'my soul', 'iviti'cha' means 'I have sought you', 'balaila' means 'in the night', 'af-ruhi' means 'and my spirit', 'beqirbi' means 'within me', 'asacharecha' means 'I will praise you', 'ki' means 'because', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'mishpatecha' means 'your judgments', 'laaretz' means 'to the earth', 'tzedek' means 'righteousness', 'lamdu' means 'they have learned', 'yoshevei' means 'inhabitants of', 'teveL' means 'the world'.
[ISA.26.10] He will be ashamed, wicked, does not teach righteousness in the land of the upright, will be perverse and does not fear the pride of Yahveh. [§]
Yuchan rasha bal-lamad tzedek be'eretz nechot ya'avel ubal-yireh ge'ut Yahveh.
'Yuchan' means 'will be ashamed', 'rasha' means 'wicked', 'bal-lamad' means 'does not teach', 'tzedek' means 'righteousness', 'be'eretz' means 'in the land', 'nechot' means 'upright', 'ya'avel' means 'will be perverse', 'ubal-yireh' means 'and does not fear', 'ge'ut' means 'pride', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[ISA.26.11] Yahveh is exalted, your hand is high; they will not be restrained, they will see and be ashamed; the jealousy of a people, also the fire of your enemies will devour them. [§]
Yahveh ramah yadecha bal-yechezayun yechezu ve-yeboshu kinat-am af-esh tsareicha tokhlem.
'Yahveh' is the transliteration of the divine name YHVH and is rendered as 'Yahveh'. 'ramah' means 'exalted' or 'high'. 'yadecha' means 'your hand'. 'bal' is a negative particle meaning 'not' or 'no'. 'yechezayun' means 'they will be restrained' (in context, negated by bal, 'they will not be restrained'). 'yechezu' means 'they will behold' or 'they will see'. 've-yeboshu' means 'and they will be ashamed'. 'kinat-am' means 'the jealousy of a people' (or 'envy of a nation'). 'af-esh' means 'also fire'. 'tsareicha' means 'your foes' or 'your enemies'. 'tokhlem' means 'they will eat' or 'they will devour'.
[ISA.26.12] Yahveh you will pour peace for us because you also have done all our deeds for us. [§]
Yahveh tishpot shalom lanu ki gam kol ma'aseinu pa'alta lanu.
'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH. 'tishpot' means 'you will pour out' (from the root shaphah). 'shalom' means 'peace'. 'lanu' means 'for us' or 'to us'. 'ki' means 'because' or 'for'. 'gam' means 'also' or 'even'. 'kol' means 'all' and 'ma'aseinu' means 'our deeds' (ma'aseh = deed, -inu = our). 'pa'alta' means 'you have done' (from the verb pa'al). The second 'lanu' again means 'for us'.
[ISA.26.13] Yahveh, our the Gods, our masters, my Lords, except you alone, we keep your name. [§]
Yahveh Eloheinu Ba'alenu Adonim zulatecha levad becha nazkir shmecha.
'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH. 'Eloheinu' comes from Elohim, which is translated as 'the Gods', plus the possessive suffix meaning 'our', so 'our the Gods'. 'Ba'alenu' is from Ba'al meaning 'master' or 'lord' with the suffix 'our', therefore 'our masters'. 'Adonim' is the plural of Adon, rendered according to the rule for Adonai as 'my Lord', so in the plural it is 'my Lords'. 'Zulatecha' means 'besides you' or 'except you'. 'Levad becha' means 'alone with you' or 'only you'. 'Nazkir' is a verb meaning 'we keep' or 'we hold'. 'Shmecha' means 'your name'.
[ISA.26.14] The dead shall not live, the healed shall not rise; therefore you judged and destroyed them and wiped out all memory of them. [§]
metim bal yichyu refa'im bal yakumu lachen pakadtah vatashemideim vate'aved kol zecher lamo.
'metim' means 'the dead', 'bal' means 'not', 'yichyu' means 'they will live', 'refa'im' means 'the healed', 'bal' means 'not', 'yakumu' means 'they will rise', 'lachen' means 'therefore', 'pakadtah' means 'you judged/visited', 'vatashemideim' means 'and you destroyed them', 'vate'aved' means 'and you wiped out', 'kol' means 'all', 'zecher' means 'memory', 'lamo' means 'of them'.
[ISA.26.15] You have added to the nation, Yahveh; you have added to the nation; you have been honored, you have spread to all the ends of the earth. [§]
Yasapta lagoy Yahveh yasapta lagoy nikhbadtah rihaqta kol katsve aretz.
'Yasapta' means 'you have added' or 'you have increased', 'lagoy' means 'to the nation', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, the proper name of God, the second 'yasapta' repeats the same verb, 'nikhbadtah' comes from the root KVD meaning 'to honor' and here means 'you have been honored' or 'you have become honored', 'rihaqta' derives from the root RCHQ meaning 'to distant' or 'to spread out', so it means 'you have spread' or 'you have extended', 'kol' means 'all', 'katsve' is the plural of 'katzav' meaning 'border' or 'edge', and 'arets' means 'earth' or 'land'.
[ISA.26.16] Yahveh, in trouble, your vigilance is sharp, a whisper of your instruction for them. [§]
Yahveh ba-tzar p'kaducha tsakun la-chash musarchah la-mo.
'Yahveh' means the divine name YHVH. 'ba-tzar' means 'in trouble' or 'in distress'. 'p'kaducha' comes from the root meaning 'to keep watch', so it means 'your vigilance' or 'your watchfulness'. 'tsakun' means 'sharpness' or 'pointedness'. 'la-chash' means 'to a whisper' or 'softly'. 'musarchah' is the noun 'instruction' or 'discipline' referring to God's teaching. 'la-mo' means 'for them'.
[ISA.26.17] Like a pregnant woman you will draw near to give birth, you will begin to cry out in her cords; thus we have been before you Yahveh. [§]
Kemo hara takriv laledet tahil tizak bachavleiha ken hayinu mippanecha Yahveh.
'Kemo' means 'like', 'hara' means 'a pregnant (woman)', 'takriv' means 'you will draw near', 'laledet' means 'to give birth', 'tahil' means 'you will begin', 'tizak' means 'you will cry out', 'bachavleiha' means 'in her cords', 'ken' means 'thus', 'hayinu' means 'we have been', 'mippanecha' means 'before you', 'Yahveh' is the name of God.
[ISA.26.18] We have seen, we have erred, like we were born, the spirit of salvations, we shall not make the earth, and they shall not fall, inhabitants of the world. [§]
Harinu chalnu kemo yaldnu ruach yeshuot bal-na'aseh eretz uval-yiplu yoshevei tevel.
'Harinu' means 'we have seen'; 'chalnu' means 'we have erred' or 'we have been humbled'; 'kemo' means 'like' or 'as'; 'yaldnu' means 'we have given birth' or 'we were born'; 'ruach' means 'spirit' or 'wind'; 'yeshuot' means 'salvations' (plural); 'bal-na'aseh' means 'we will not do' or 'we shall not make'; 'eretz' means 'land' or 'earth'; 'uval-yiplu' means 'and they will not fall' or 'and shall not be cast down'; 'yoshevei' means 'inhabitants of' or 'dwellers of'; 'tevel' means 'world' or 'the universe'.
[ISA.26.19] May your dead live, my fool, they will rise; arise and rejoice, you who dwell in dust, because the dew of your lights and the earth of healings will fall. [§]
Yichyu metekha nevelati yekumun hakitsu ve-rannenu shokhne afar ki tal orot talekha va-aretz refaim tapil.
'Yichyu' means 'they will live', 'metekha' means 'your dead', 'nevelati' means 'my fool', 'yekumun' means 'they will rise', 'hakitsu' means 'arise', 've-rannenu' means 'and rejoice', 'shokhne' means 'inhabitants', 'afar' means 'dust', 'ki' means 'because', 'tal' means 'dew', 'orot' means 'lights', 'talekha' means 'your dew', 'va-aretz' means 'and the earth', 'refaim' means 'healings', 'tapil' means 'will fall'.
[ISA.26.20] Go, my people, come into your chambers and close your doors on your behalf, my beloved, as little as a moment until the anger passes. [§]
Lech ami bo bachdareikha usgor delatekha baadekha chavi kimat rega ad yaavor zaam.
'Lech' means 'go', 'ami' means 'my people', 'bo' means 'come', 'bachdareikha' means 'into your chambers', 'usgor' means 'and close', 'delatekha' means 'your door', 'baadekha' means 'on your behalf', 'chavi' means 'my beloved' (a term of endearment), 'kimat rega' means 'as little as a moment', 'ad' means 'until', 'yaavor' means 'it passes', 'zaam' means 'anger'.
[ISA.26.21] For behold Yahveh goes out from his place to punish the sin of the dweller of the earth upon him, and the earth will uncover its blood and will not cover again over its slain. [§]
Ki hineh Yahveh yotzeh mimmako lifkod avon yoshev haaretz alav vegilta haaretz et dameha velo tekasseh od al harugeha.
'Ki' means 'for', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'yotzeh' means 'goes out', 'mimmako' means 'from his place', 'lifkod' means 'to punish', 'avon' means 'sin' or 'iniquity', 'yoshev' means 'inhabitant' or 'dweller', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'alav' means 'upon him', 'vegilta' means 'and will uncover', 'haaretz' again means 'the earth', 'et' is a particle marking the direct object, 'dameha' means 'its blood', 'velo' means 'and will not', 'tekasseh' means 'cover', 'od' means 'again', 'al' means 'over', 'harugeha' means 'its slain'.
ISA.27
[ISA.27.1] On that day Yahveh will command with his hard, great, and strong sword against Leviathan the fleeing serpent and against Leviathan the twisted serpent, and will kill the sea monster that is in the sea. [§]
ba-yom ha-hu yipkod Yahveh be-charvo ha-kasha ve-ha-gedolah ve-ha-chazakah al Livyatan nachash barich ve-al Livyatan nachash akalaton ve-harag et ha-tannin asher ba-yam.
'ba-yom' means 'on the day'; 'ha-hu' means 'that'; 'yipkod' means 'will command/appoint'; 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH; 'be-charvo' means 'with his sword'; 'ha-kasha' means 'the hard'; 've-ha-gedolah' means 'and the great'; 've-ha-chazakah' means 'and the strong'; 'al' means 'against'; 'Livyatan' is the proper name Leviathan; 'nachash' means 'serpent'; 'barich' means 'fleeing'; 've-al' means 'and against'; 'aklaton' means 'twisted' or 'coiled'; 've-harag' means 'and will kill'; 'et' is the direct object marker; 'ha-tannin' means 'the sea monster' or 'the crocodile'; 'asher' means 'that'; 'ba-yam' means 'in the sea'.
[ISA.27.2] On that day the delightful vineyard answered her. [§]
bayoM hahu karem chemed anoo-lah.
'bayoM' means 'on the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'karem' means 'vineyard', 'chemed' means 'delight' or 'pleasant', 'anoo' means 'they answered', 'lah' means 'to her'.
[ISA.27.3] I, Yahveh, will guard her for moments, I will sustain her lest He bring judgment upon her night and day; I will preserve her. [§]
Ah-nee Yahveh notz-rah leeh reh-ga-eem ash-keh-nah phen yip-kod ah-leh-hah lay-lah vah-yom etz-oh-ren-nah.
'Ah-nee' means 'I'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH; 'notz-rah' means 'will guard/keep (her)'; 'leeh' means 'for'; 'reh-ga-eem' means 'moments' or 'a short time'; 'ash-keh-nah' means 'I will sustain (her)'; 'phen' means 'lest'; 'yip-kod' means 'He will bring judgment upon (her)'; 'ah-leh-hah' means 'upon her'; 'lay-lah' means 'night'; 'vah-yom' means 'and day'; 'etz-oh-ren-nah' means 'I will preserve (her)'. The divine name YHVH is rendered as 'Yahveh' according to the given guidelines.
[ISA.27.4] Wrath is not to me; who will give me a falcon beast in battle? I will crush it and I will set it on fire together. [§]
Chema ein li mi-yitteneni shamir shait bam milchamah efseah bah atsitenah yachad.
'Chema' means 'wrath' or 'anger', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'li' means 'to me' (literally 'for me'), 'mi-yitteneni' means 'who will give me', 'shamir' means 'a falcon' (a bird of prey), 'shait' means 'a beast' or 'wild animal', 'bam milchamah' means 'in battle' or 'in war', 'efseah' means 'I will crush' (from the root meaning to crush or smash), 'bah' means 'it' (referring to the beast), 'atsitenah' means 'I will set it on fire' (from the root meaning to kindle), 'yachad' means 'together' or 'in one'.
[ISA.27.5] Or he will hold fast in my stronghold; he will make peace for me, peace he will make for me. [§]
O yachazek bema'uzi ya'aseh shalom li shalom ya'aseh-li.
'O' means 'or' or introduces a conditional clause; 'yachazek' means 'he will hold fast' or 'he will grasp'; 'bema'uzi' means 'in my stronghold' (the word 'ma'oz' = stronghold, with the first-person possessive suffix); 'ya'aseh' means 'he will make' or 'he will do'; 'shalom' means 'peace'; 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me'; the second 'shalom ya'aseh-li' repeats the idea, emphasizing that peace will be made for me.
[ISA.27.6] The coming ones will take root, Jacob; they will blossom and flourish, Israel, and they will fill the faces of the world with delight. [§]
Ha ba'im yishresh Yaakov yatzitz ufarach Yisrael u malu penei tevel tenubah.
'Ha' means 'the', 'ba'im' means 'coming ones' or 'those who come', 'yishresh' means 'will take root', 'Yaakov' is the personal name Jacob, 'yatzitz' means 'will blossom', 'ufarach' means 'and will flourish', 'Yisrael' is the name Israel, 'u' at the start of 'umal u' means 'and', 'malu' means 'they will fill', 'penei' means 'the faces of', 'tevel' means 'the world' or 'the earth', 'tenubah' is a rare noun meaning 'delight' or 'pleasantness'.
[ISA.27.7] The striker strikes him; he struck him. If he kills, his slain are killed. [§]
hakkemakkat makkehu hikkahu im-keherg harugav horag.
'hakkemakkat' means 'the striking one', 'makkehu' means 'strikes him', 'hikkahu' means 'he struck him', 'im-keherg' means 'if (he) kills', 'harugav' means 'his slain (ones)', 'horag' means 'kills'.
[ISA.27.8] In trouble, in her sending, she will cause strife; he cried with his hard wind on an ancient day. [§]
b'sassoa b'shalchah terivenah haga b'rucho ha-kashah b'yom kadim.
'b'sassoa' means 'in trouble' or 'in adversity', 'b'shalchah' means 'in her sending' or 'when she sent', 'terivenah' means 'she will cause strife' or 'she will dispute', 'haga' means 'he cried' or 'he called out', 'b'rucho' means 'with his wind' or 'by his spirit', 'ha-kashah' means 'the hard/strong', 'b'yom' means 'in the day', and 'kadim' means 'ancient' or 'of old'.
[ISA.27.9] Therefore by this the sin of Jacob will be atoned, and this is all the offering that removes his sin, when all the stones of the altar, like the plaster stones that are scattered, the guilty shall not stand, nor the priests. [§]
Lachen bezot yekuppar avon-Yaakov vezeh kol-p'ri hasir chatato be-sumo kol-evnei mizbeach ke-evnei-gir menuppatzot lo-yaqumu asherim vechamanim.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'bezot' means 'by this', 'yekuppar' means 'will be atoned', 'avon-Yaakov' means 'the sin of Jacob', 'vezeh' means 'and this', 'kol-p'ri' means 'all the fruit/offerings', 'hasir' means 'that removes', 'chatato' means 'his sin', 'be-sumo' means 'in its placing', 'kol-evnei mizbeach' means 'all the stones of the altar', 'ke-evnei-gir' means 'like the plaster stones', 'menuppatzot' means 'scattered', 'lo-yaqumu' means 'shall not stand', 'asherim' means 'the guilty', 'vechamanim' means 'and the priests'.
[ISA.27.10] For a city in distress, alone, lies waste and deserted as a desert; there a calf will graze, and there it will lie down, and its pasturage will cease. [§]
Ki ir betsurah vadad naveh meshullach veneezav kamidbar sham yireh eghel vesham yirvatz vekilla seipheha.
'Ki' means 'For', 'ir' means 'city', 'betsurah' means 'in distress' or 'under siege', 'vadad' means 'alone' or 'single', 'naveh' means 'lies' or 'is lying', 'meshullach' means 'waste' or 'desolate', 'veneezav' means 'and deserted', 'kamidbar' means 'as a desert', 'sham' means 'there', 'yireh' means 'will graze', 'eghel' means 'a calf', 'vesham' means 'and there', 'yirvatz' means 'will lie down', 've' means 'and', 'killa' means 'will cease' or 'will finish', 'seipheha' means 'its pasturage' or 'its feeding place'.
[ISA.27.11] In dryness her harvest will be broken; women are a sign that illuminate her, because he is not a people of insight; therefore his Maker will not have mercy on him, and his Creator will not be gracious to him. [§]
bivosh ketsirah tishavarnah nashim baot meirot otah ki lo am-binut hu al-ken lo-yerachmenu osehu veyotzro lo-yichunenu.
'bivosh' means 'in dryness', 'ketsirah' means 'her harvest', 'tishavarnah' means 'will be broken', 'nashim' means 'women', 'baot' means 'are a sign', 'meirot' means 'that illuminate', 'otah' means 'her', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'am-binut' means 'a people of insight', 'hu' means 'he', 'al-ken' means 'therefore', 'lo-yerachmenu' means 'will not have mercy on him', 'osehu' means 'his Maker', 'veyotzro' means 'and his Creator', 'lo-yichunenu' means 'will not be gracious to him'.
[ISA.27.12] And it shall be in that day that Yahveh shall strike the flood of the river to the stream of Egypt, and you shall be gathered one by one the children of Israel. [§]
vehayah bayom hahu yachbot Yahveh mishbolet ha-nahar ad nachal mitzrayim veatem teluketu le-achad echad b'nei Yisrael.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'bayom' means 'in the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'yachbot' means 'shall strike', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'mishbolet' means 'from the flood', 'ha-nahar' means 'the river', 'ad' means 'to', 'nachal' means 'brook' or 'stream', 'mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'veatem' means 'and you', 'teluketu' means 'shall be gathered', 'le-achad' means 'one by one', 'echad' means 'one', 'b'nei' means 'children of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[ISA.27.13] And it shall be in that day that a great trumpet will be sounded, and the lost ones will come from the land of Assyria, and the exiles from the land of Egypt, and they will bow down to Yahveh on the holy mountain in Jerusalem. [§]
vehayah bayom hahu yataka beshofar gadol uvao haovedim beeretz Ashur vehanidachim beeretz Mitzrayim vehishtachavu layahveh behar hakodesh birushalayim.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'bayom' means 'in the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'yataka' means 'will be sounded', 'beshofar' means 'with a trumpet', 'gadol' means 'great', 'uvao' means 'and they will come', 'haovedim' means 'the lost ones', 'beeretz' means 'in the land of', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria', 'vehanidachim' means 'and the exiles', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'vehishtachavu' means 'and they will bow down', 'layahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'behar' means 'on the mountain', 'hakodesh' means 'the holy', 'birushalayim' means 'in Jerusalem'.
ISA.28
[ISA.28.1] Woe, crown of pride, the drunkards of Ephraim, and the noble blossom, the deer of its splendor, which is upon the head of the valley of fat, the drunkards of wine. [§]
Hoy ateret geut shikorei Ephraim vetsitz novel tzvi tifarto asher al rosh gei shemanim halumei yayin.
'Hoy' means 'Woe', 'ateret' means 'crown', 'geut' means 'pride' or 'haughtiness', 'shikorei' means 'drunkards' (literally 'those who drink'), 'Ephraim' is the name of the northern kingdom, 'vetsitz' means 'and blossom/flower', 'novel' means 'noble' or 'exalted', 'tzvi' means 'deer' (often a metaphor for beauty or splendor), 'tifarto' means 'its splendor' or 'its glory', 'asher' means 'which' or 'that', 'al rosh' means 'upon the head', 'gei' means 'valley', 'shemanim' means 'fat' or 'rich', 'halumei' means 'drunkards' (those who are drunk), and 'yayin' means 'wine'.
[ISA.28.2] Behold, strong and steadfast, my Lord, like a hailstorm, sharp cutting, like a flood of great overwhelming waters, he placed it upon the earth by hand. [§]
Hineh chazak ve'amitz l'Adonai kezerem barad saar katev kezerem mayim kabirim shotfim hinnieh la'aretz be-yad.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'chazak' means 'strong', 've'amitz' means 'and steadfast', "l'Adonai" means 'my Lord', 'kezerem barad' means 'like a hailstorm', 'saar katev' means 'sharp cutting', 'kezerem mayim kabirim shotfim' means 'like a flood of great overflowing waters', 'hinnieh' means 'he placed', 'la'aretz' means 'upon the earth', 'be-yad' means 'by hand'.
[ISA.28.3] With feet they shall be trampled, the crown of pride of the drunkards of Ephraim. [§]
Be raglayim te'ramasna ateret ge'ut shikkorei Ephrayim.
'Be' means 'with', 'raglayim' means 'feet' (dual form), 'te'ramasna' means 'shall be trampled', 'ateret' means 'crown', 'ge'ut' means 'pride', 'shikkorei' means 'drunkards' (those who are intoxicated), 'Ephrayim' means 'Ephraim' (a tribe of Israel).
[ISA.28.4] And it shall be a noble tassel of gazelle, its splendor that is upon the head of a valley of rich oils, as a bride before summer, which the seer will see while it is in his palm, and he will swallow it. [§]
vehayta tzi tzat novel tzevi tifarto asher al rosh gei shemanim kevi kura be terem kayitz asher yireh haroeh otah beodah bekapo yivlaenah.
'vehayta' means 'and it shall be', 'tzi tzat' means 'tassel', 'novel' means 'choice' or 'noble', 'tzevi' means 'gazelle' (a graceful animal), 'tifarto' means 'its splendor', 'asher' means 'that which', 'al' means 'on' or 'upon', 'rosh' means 'head', 'gei' means 'valley', 'shemanim' means 'fats' or 'rich oils', 'kevi' means 'as', 'kura' means 'a bride' (here a metaphorical image), 'be' means 'in' or 'before', 'terem' means 'time' or 'season', 'kayitz' means 'summer', 'yireh' means 'will see', 'haroeh' means 'the seer' or 'the one who looks', 'otah' means 'it', 'beodah' means 'while it is', 'bekapo' means 'in his palm', 'yivlaenah' means 'will swallow it'.
[ISA.28.5] On that day Yahveh of Hosts shall be a crown of the army and splendor for the remnant of his people. [§]
Ba yom ha hu yihye Yahveh Tzevaot la'ateret tzevi ve litspirat tifo'ra lish'ar amo.
'Ba' means 'on', 'yom' means 'the day', 'ha' means 'that', 'hu' means 'one', together 'Ba yom ha hu' = 'On that day'. 'yihye' means 'shall be' or 'will be'. 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH. 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' or 'armies', so 'Yahveh Tzevaot' = 'Yahveh of Hosts'. 'la'ateret' means 'for a crown' or 'as a crown'. 'tzevi' means 'of the army' (from 'tzeva' = 'army'). 've' means 'and'. 'litspirat' means 'for the splendor of' (from root 'tsafar' = 'to sparkle, be splendid'). 'tifo'ra' means 'splendor' or 'glory'. 'lish'ar' means 'for the remnant' or 'for the remainder'. 'amo' means 'his people'.
[ISA.28.6] And to the spirit of judgment for the one who sits upon judgment, and to the strength of those who return from war, awaken. [§]
Ule-ruach mishpat la-yoshev al-hamishpat ve-li-g'vura meshivei milchamah sha'arah.
'Ule-ruach' means 'and to the spirit', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'la-yoshev' means 'to the one who sits', 'al-hamishpat' means 'upon the judgment', 've-li-g'vura' means 'and to the strength', 'meshivei' means 'those who return (or bring back)', 'milchamah' means 'war', 'sha'arah' means 'awake' or 'rise up'. The phrase strings these ideas together in a poetic order.
[ISA.28.7] And also these have stumbled in wine and have gone astray in strong drink; the priest and the prophet have stumbled in strong drink, they were devoured from the wine, they went astray from the strong drink, they have stumbled before the Creator, and they have committed falsehood. [§]
vegam-elleh ba-yayin shagu u-va-shechar ta'u kohen ve-navi shagu ba-shechar nivle'u min ha-yayin ta'u min ha-shechar shagu ba-roe paku peliliyah.
'vegam' means 'and also', 'elleh' means 'these', 'ba-yayin' means 'in wine', 'shagu' means 'stumbled' or 'went astray', 'u-va-shechar' means 'and in strong drink', 'ta'u' means 'they went astray', 'kohen' means 'priest', 've-navi' means 'and prophet', 'nivle'u' means 'they were devoured' or 'consumed', 'min ha-yayin' means 'from the wine', 'min ha-shechar' means 'from the strong drink', 'ba-roe' means 'before the Creator', 'paku' means 'they observed' or 'they saw', 'peliliyah' means 'falsehood' or 'perjury'.
[ISA.28.8] Because all the tables are full of a heap of dung, there is no place. [§]
ki kol-shulchanot maleu kiya tsoah beli maqom.
'ki' means 'because', 'kol' means 'all', 'shulchanot' means 'tables' (plural of 'shulchan' = table), 'maleu' means 'are full', 'kiya' (from 'kiah') means 'a heap' or 'pile', 'tsoah' means 'dung' or 'excrement', 'beli' means 'without', 'maqom' means 'place' or 'room'.
[ISA.28.9] Who teaches knowledge, and who makes understanding clear? The reward is like milk for the elders of the fields. [§]
Et mi yoreh deah ve et mi yavin shemua gmulei mechalav atikei mishadayim.
'Et' is a direct object marker, often translated as 'who' in interrogative phrases. 'Mi' means 'who'. 'Yoreh' means 'teaches' or 'instructs'. 'Deah' means 'knowledge'. 'Ve' means 'and'. 'Yavin' means 'understands' or 'discerns'. 'Shemua' (literally 'hearing') is used here for 'understanding' or 'perception'. 'Gmulei' is the plural construct form of 'reward' or 'dues'. 'Mechalav' means 'from milk' or 'of milk', indicating nourishment or basic provision. 'Atikei' is the construct plural of 'ancient' or 'old', here meaning 'the ancient ones' or 'the elders'. 'Mishadayim' means 'of the fields' or 'of the plains', indicating a rural setting. The phrase 'gmulei mechalav atikei mishadayim' is a poetic idiom meaning 'the reward is like milk for the ancient of the fields', i.e., a basic, sustaining reward for those who have labored in the fields.
[ISA.28.10] Because command to command, command to command, line to line, line to line, small there, small there. [§]
ki tzav latzav tzav latzav kav lakav kav lakav zeir sham zeir sham.
'ki' means 'because', 'tzav' means 'command', 'latzav' means 'to command' (the preposition l- plus 'tzav'), 'kav' means 'line' or 'measure', 'lakav' means 'to line' (l- plus 'kav'), 'zeir' means 'small' or 'tiny', 'sham' means 'there'. The phrase repeats these pairs for emphasis.
[ISA.28.11] Because he will speak to this people in a twisted tongue and in another language. [§]
ki be laagei sapah uve lashon acheret yedaber el haam hazeh.
'ki' means 'because', 'be laagei' means 'in twisted' (literally 'in the twists of'), 'sapah' means 'tongue', 'uve' means 'and in', 'lashon' means 'language', 'acheret' means 'other' or 'another', 'yedaber' means 'he will speak', 'el' means 'to' or 'toward', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this'. The phrase 'be laagei sapah' is an idiom for corrupt or perverse speech.
[ISA.28.12] Which he said to them, 'This is the rest; let the young lie down, and this is the resting place, and I will not listen.' [§]
asher amar aleihem zot hammenucha hanichu leayef vezot hammargeah velo avua shmoa.
'asher' means 'which' or 'that', 'amar' means 'said', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'zot' means 'this', 'hammenucha' means 'the rest' or 'the repose', 'hanichu' means 'they should lie down' or 'let them lie down', 'leayef' means 'for the youth' or 'for the young people', 'vezot' means 'and this', 'hammargeah' means 'the place of rest' or 'the resting place', 'velo' means 'and not', 'avua' means 'I will not' (first person negated verb), 'shmoa' means 'listen' or 'hear'.
[ISA.28.13] And it shall be to them the word of Yahveh, command to command, command to command, hope to hope, hope to hope, a little there, a little there, for the purpose that they may go and become weak, be left behind, be broken, be crushed, and be captured. [§]
vehayah lahem dvar Yahveh tzav latzav tzav latzav kav lakav kav lakav zeir sham zeir sham lema'an yelchu vechashlu achor venishbaru venokshvu venilkadu.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzav' means 'command', 'latzav' is the infinitive 'to command', repeated for emphasis, 'kav' means 'hope' or 'line', also repeated, 'zeir' means 'small' or 'little', 'sham' means 'there', repeated, 'lema'an' means 'for the purpose', 'yelchu' means 'they may go', 'vechashlu' means 'and they shall become weak', 'achor' means 'back' or 'behind', 'venishbaru' means 'and they shall be broken', 'venokshvu' means 'and they shall be crushed', 'venilkadu' means 'and they shall be captured'.
[ISA.28.14] Therefore hear the word of Yahveh, men of Latzon, rulers of this people who are in Jerusalem. [§]
Lachen shimu devar Yahveh anshei Latzon moshele haam hazeh asher birushalayim.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'shimu' means 'hear', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'anshei' means 'men of', 'Latzon' is a place name kept as a transliteration, 'moshele' means 'rulers of', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'birushalayim' means 'in Jerusalem'.
[ISA.28.15] For you said, we have made a covenant with death and with Sheol we have made a vision of false deception, that it will pass and not come to us, because we placed a false refuge and in falsehood we have hidden ourselves. [§]
ki amartem karatnu brit et-mavet ve-im shoal asinu chozeh shot shoteif ki-evor lo yevoenu ki samnu kazav machsenu uvasheqer nistarenu.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'amartem' means 'you said', 'karatnu' means 'we made a covenant', 'brit' means 'covenant', 'et-mavet' means 'with death', 've-im' means 'and with', 'shoal' means 'Sheol (the realm of the dead)', 'asinu' means 'we made', 'chozeh' means 'a vision' or 'prophecy', 'shot' is a form of 'false' or 'deception', 'shoteif' means 'deceiving' or 'falsehood', 'ki-evor' means 'that it will pass', 'lo' means 'not', 'yevoenu' means 'will come to us', 'ki' again means 'because', 'samnu' means 'we placed', 'kazav' means 'a lie' or 'falsehood', 'machsenu' means 'our refuge', 'uvasheqer' means 'in falsehood', 'nistarenu' means 'we have hidden ourselves'.
[ISA.28.16] Therefore thus says my Lord Yahveh, behold, I will set in Zion a stone, a stone chosen, a foundation set, a firm foundation, the faithful one will not be silent. [§]
Lachen koh amar Adonai Yahveh hineni yissad b'tziyon a'ven e'ven bochan pinat yikrat musad musan ha-ma'amin lo yachish.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'hineni' means 'behold' or 'I am here', 'yissad' means 'I will establish', 'b'tziyon' means 'in Zion', 'a'ven' means 'a stone', 'e'ven' means 'a stone' (repetition for emphasis), 'bochan' means 'chosen' or 'selected', 'pinat' means 'corner' or 'foundation stone', 'yikrat' means 'will be set', 'musad' means 'foundation', 'musan' is a repeat of 'foundation', 'ha-ma'amin' means 'the faithful one' or 'the believer', 'lo' means 'not', 'yachish' means 'will be silent'.
[ISA.28.17] And I will set judgment for the hollow and righteousness for the balance, and hail will cover falsehood, and secret waters will pour out. [§]
ve-samti mishpat leqav u-tzedakah le-mishkolet ve-ya'ah barad machseh kazav ve-seter mayim yishtofu.
've-samti' means 'and I will set', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'leqav' means 'for the hollow', 'u-tzedakah' means 'and righteousness', 'le-mishkolet' means 'for the balance', 've-ya'ah' means 'and hail', 'barad' means 'hail', 'machseh' means 'cover', 'kazav' means 'falsehood', 've-seter' means 'and secret', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'yishtofu' means 'will pour out'.
[ISA.28.18] And your covenant was covered with death, and your visions with the realm of the dead; you shall not rise, a sweeper sweeping because he will pass, and you will be to him for deceit. [§]
vekhufar beritkhem et-mavet vechazutkhem et-sheol lo takum shot shoteif ki yaavor veheyitem lo le-mirmas.
'vekhufar' means 'and ...was covered' (from the verb k-p-r meaning to cover or atone), 'beritkhem' means 'your covenant', 'et-mavet' means 'death', 'vechazutkhem' means 'and your visions', 'et-sheol' means 'the realm of the dead', 'lo' means 'not', 'takum' means 'you shall rise', 'shot' means 'a sweeper' or 'one who sweeps', 'shoteif' means 'sweeping' or 'the one who sweeps', 'ki' means 'because', 'yaavor' means 'he will pass', 'veheyitem' means 'and you will be', 'lo' means 'to him', 'le-mirmas' means 'for deceit' or 'as a lie'.
[ISA.28.19] From the time of his crossing he will take you because in the morning, in the morning he will pass in the day and in the night, and it will be only confusion; understand the hearing. [§]
Midde avro yikach etchem ki ba boker ba boker yaavor ba yom uvalayla vehayah rak zevaha havin shmua.
'Midde' means 'from the time of' or 'during', 'avro' means 'his passing' or 'the crossing', 'yikach' means 'he will take', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'ki' means 'because', 'ba boker' means 'in the morning', repeated for emphasis, 'yaavor' means 'he will pass', 'ba yom' means 'in the day', 'uvalayla' means 'and in the night', 'vehayah' means 'and it will be', 'rak zevaha' means 'only confusion' or 'only trouble', 'havin' means 'understand', 'shmua' means 'hearing' or 'the sound'.
[ISA.28.20] For the covering was shortened from the worse and the veil is narrow as he concealed. [§]
Ki katsar hamattsa mehistarea ve hamassecha tsarah kehitkannes.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'katsar' means 'was shortened', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'mattsa' means 'covering' or 'layer', 'me' is a preposition 'from', 'histarea' means 'the worse' or 'the evil', 've' means 'and', 'hamassecha' means 'the veil', 'tsarah' means 'tight' or 'narrow', 'ke' is a comparative particle 'as', 'hitkannes' means 'he concealed' or 'he hid'.
[ISA.28.21] Because the mountain of fractures will arise, Yahveh like a valley at Gibeon will be shaken to do his work, a foreign work, and to serve his foreign service. [§]
Ki kehar-p'ratzim yakum Yahveh ke'emek be-Giv'on yirgaz la'asot ma'asehu zar ma'asehu ve-la'avod avodato nakhriya avodato.
'Ki' means 'because', 'kehar-p'ratzim' means 'mountain of fractures', 'yakum' means 'will arise', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'ke'emek' means 'like a valley', 'be-Giv\'on' means 'in Gibeon', 'yirgaz' means 'will be shaken', 'la\'asot' means 'to do', 'ma'asehu' means 'his work', 'zar' means 'foreign', the second 'ma'asehu' repeats 'his work', 've\'la\'avod' means 'and to serve', 'avodato' means 'his service', and 'nakhriya' means 'foreign (as an adjective)'. The phrase repeats the idea of a foreign or strange work and service.
[ISA.28.22] Now do not be frightened lest your bonds become strong, for it is finished and made known that I have heard from my Lord Yahveh of hosts concerning all the earth. [§]
ve'atah al-titlotzu pen-yechzu mosreichem ki-kalah ve'necheretzah shamati me'et Adonai Yahveh Tzevaot al kol haaretz.
've'atah' means 'and now', 'al-titlotzu' means 'do not be frightened', 'pen-yechzu' means 'lest they become strong', 'mosreichem' means 'your bonds', 'ki' means 'for', 'kalah' means 'it is finished', 've'necheretzah' means 'and it is made known', 'shamati' means 'I have heard', 'me'et' means 'from', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'al' means 'concerning', 'kol' means 'all', 'haaretz' means 'the earth'.
[ISA.28.23] Listen and hear my voice; pay attention and hear my saying. [§]
Ha'azinu v'shim'u koli ha'kshivu v'shim'u imrati.
'Ha'azinu' means 'listen' (imperative plural), 'v'shim'u' means 'and hear', 'koli' means 'my voice', 'ha'kshivu' means 'listen attentively' or 'pay attention', 'v'shim'u' again means 'and hear', 'imrati' means 'my saying' or 'my word'.
[ISA.28.24] All day the silencer will be silent; to sow he will open and will plunder his land. [§]
HaKol hayom yacharosh hachores lizroa yefatach vishaded admato.
'HaKol' means 'all' or 'the whole', 'hayom' means 'the day', 'yacharosh' means 'will be silent', 'hachores' means 'the silencer' (one who silences), 'lizroa' means 'to sow', 'yefatach' means 'he will open', 'vishaded' means 'and will plunder' (or 'devastate'), 'admato' means 'his land' or 'his ground'.
[ISA.28.25] Is not her face turned away and she spreads bitterness, and like a stone she will pour, and she puts sour wheat, and hair as a covering, and her garment is a net. [§]
halo im-shivah paneha vehefitz ketzah vechamon yizrok vesam chitta sorah use'ora nismon vkusemat gebulato.
'halo' means 'is not', 'im-shivah' means 'if [her] face is turned', 'paneha' means 'her face', 'vehefitz' means 'and she spreads', 'ketzah' means 'bitterness', 'vechamon' means 'and like a stone', 'yizrok' means 'she will pour', 'vesam' means 'and she puts', 'chitta' means 'wheat', 'sorah' means 'sour', 'use'ora' means 'hair', 'nismon' means 'as a covering', 'vkusemat' means 'and a net', 'gebulato' means 'her garment'.
[ISA.28.26] And he will bind him to the judgment; his God will teach him. [§]
ve-yisro lamishpat eloav yorenno.
've' means 'and', 'yisro' means 'he will bind him', 'lamishpat' means 'to the judgment', 'eloav' means 'his God' (with 'El' translated as 'God'), 'yorenno' means 'he will teach him'.
[ISA.28.27] For a reed is not filtered in a sieve, and a wheel on a staff will be turned; for in a rod the reed will be broken and the staff in a branch. [§]
Ki lo becharutz yodash ketzach veofan agalah al-kammon yusav ki bamate yechabet ketzach vechammon bashvet.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'becharutz' means 'in a sieve' (the word חָרוּץ is a sieve or strainer), 'yodash' means 'will be filtered' or 'purged', 'ketzach' means 'reed' or 'rush', 'veofan' means 'and a wheel' (אוֹפַן is a wheel of a chariot), 'agalah' means 'a circle' or 'wheel', 'al-kammon' means 'upon a staff' (כַּמֹּן is a staff or rod), 'yusav' means 'will be turned' or 'will spin', 'bamate' means 'in the rod' (מַטָּה is a staff or rod), 'yechabet' means 'will be broken', the second 'ketzach' again means 'reed', 'vechammon' means 'and the staff', and 'bashvet' means 'in the branch' or 'in the staff'.
[ISA.28.28] Bread is scarce because it is not forever; I will not set it apart, and he stunned Gilgal, its calf and its sayings will not condemn him. [§]
Lechem yudak ki lo lanetzach adosh yedushennu vehamam Gilgal egelato uparashav lo-yedukkenu.
'Lechem' means 'bread'. 'yudak' means 'is narrow' or 'is scant'. 'ki' means 'because'. 'lo' means 'not'. 'lanetzach' means 'forever' or 'eternally'. 'adosh' is interpreted here as 'I will not make holy' (from the root 'dush' meaning 'to set apart'). 'yedushennu' is a form meaning 'his/her/its setting apart' (literally 'his setting apart'). 'vehamam' means 'and he made [it] astonished' or 'and he stunned'. 'Gilgal' is a proper name (a place). 'egelato' means 'his calf' (from 'egel' = 'calf'). 'uparashav' means 'and his explanations' or 'and his sayings' (from 'parash' = 'to explain'). 'lo-yedukkenu' means 'will not condemn him' (from 'diken' = 'to condemn'). The verse therefore speaks metaphorically about bread being scarce, the lack of eternal sanctification, and a scene at Gilgal involving a calf and speech that will not lead to condemnation.
[ISA.28.29] Also this from the people Yahveh of hosts has come forth; he performed counsel, he increased salvation. [§]
gam-zo't me'im Yahveh tzevaot yatzaah hifli etzah higdil tushiyah.
'gam' means 'also', 'zo't' means 'this', 'me'im' means 'from the people', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'yatzaah' means 'has come forth', 'hifli' means 'performed a marvel', 'etzah' means 'counsel' or 'plan', 'higdil' means 'made great' or 'increased', 'tushiyah' means 'salvation'.
ISA.29
[ISA.29.1] Woe, lion of God, lion of God, town of Grace, David, count the year after year; the festivals will be abolished. [§]
Hoy Ari'el Ari'el Kiryat Haneh David sefu shana al-shana chagim yinkofu.
'Hoy' means 'Woe', 'Ari'el' means 'lion of God' (Ari = lion, El = God), the second 'Ari'el' repeats the same expression, 'Kiryat' means 'town', 'Haneh' means 'grace' or 'favor', 'David' is a proper name, 'sefu' is the imperative verb 'count', 'shana' means 'year', 'al-shana' means 'upon year' i.e., 'year after year', 'chagim' means 'festivals', 'yinkofu' means 'they will be knocked down' or 'they will be abolished'.
[ISA.29.2] And I have appointed for Lion God, and it will be my longing and my desire, and it will be to me like Lion God. [§]
vahetziqoti laari'el vehayetah taaniyah vaniyah vehayetah li kaari'el.
'vahetziqoti' means 'and I have appointed' (from the root htzik), 'laari'el' means 'to Ariel (Lion God)', 'vehayetah' means 'and it will be', 'taaniyah' means 'my longing', 'vaniyah' means 'my desire', 'vehayetah' means 'and it will be', 'li' means 'to me', 'kaari'el' means 'like Ariel (like Lion God)'.
[ISA.29.3] And I have shown favor like a wheel upon you, and I have tightened upon you a firm standing, and I have set upon you a siege. [§]
vechaniti kaddur alayich ve tsarti alayich mutzav vahakimoti alayich metzurot.
'vechaniti' means 'and I have shown favor/compassion', 'kaddur' means 'like a wheel' (a round object), 'alayich' means 'upon you' (feminine singular), 've tsarti' means 'and I have tightened/pressed', 'mutzav' means 'a standing' or 'a place of firmness', 'vahakimoti' means 'and I have established/set up', 'metzurot' means 'a siege' or 'a fortified encirclement'. The phrase strings together three actions directed toward the addressed female entity.
[ISA.29.4] And you will lower from the earth your speech, and from dust you will despise your word; and it will be like a lament from the earth, your voice, and from dust your word will be scattered. [§]
ve-shafalt me-eretz tedaberi u-meafar tishah imratekh ve-hayah ke-ov me-eretz qolekh u-meafar imratekh tetsaptshef.
've-shafalt' means 'and you will lower', 'me-eretz' means 'from the earth', 'tedaberi' means 'you will speak' (feminine singular), 'u-meafar' means 'and from dust', 'tishah' means 'you will despise' or 'you will be ashamed', 'imratekh' means 'your word', 've-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'ke-ov' means 'like a lament' or 'like a sorrowful cry', 'me-eretz' again means 'from the earth', 'qolekh' means 'your voice', 'u-meafar' again means 'and from dust', 'imratekh' again means 'your word', 'tetsaptshef' means 'will be scattered', 'will be broken' or 'will be shattered'.
[ISA.29.5] And it shall be like thin dust, the multitude of your foreigners, and like a passing thrust the multitude of tyrants, and it shall be sudden and abrupt. [§]
vehayah keevak dak ha mon zarayich uke motz over ha mon aritsim vehayah lefetah pitom
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'keevak' means 'like dust', 'dak' means 'thin', 'ha mon' means 'the multitude', 'zarayich' means 'your foreigners', 'uke' means 'and like', 'motz' means 'a thrust' or 'a passing blow', 'over' means 'that passes', 'aritsim' means 'tyrants' or 'oppressors', 'lefetah' means 'suddenly', 'pitom' means 'abruptly' or 'at once'.
[ISA.29.6] From Yahveh of hosts will be shaken with thunder and clamor and a great voice, a storm and a whirlwind, and a blazing fire that devours. [§]
Me'em Yahveh Tzevaot tippaked be'raam u'vera'ash ve'kol gadol suphah u'se'arah ve'lahav esh okelah.
'Me'em' means 'from', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, the divine name, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in armies of Yahveh), 'tippaked' means 'will be shaken' or 'will be struck', 'be'raam' means 'with thunder', 'u'vera'ash' means 'and with noise' or 'clamor', 've'kol' means 'and a voice', 'gadol' means 'great', 'suphah' means 'storm', 'u'se'arah' means 'and whirlwind', 've'lahav' means 'and blazing', 'esh' means 'fire', 'okelah' means 'that devours' or 'devouring'.
[ISA.29.7] And it shall be as a dream, a night vision, a multitude of all the nations who go to war against Ariel, and all its spoils and its plunder, and those who oppress it. [§]
vehayah kahalom chazon laylah hamon kol-hagoyim hatsovim al-ariel vechol-tzoveha u-metzodatah vehametzikim lah.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'kahalom' means 'as a dream', 'chazon' means 'vision', 'laylah' means 'by night', 'hamon' means 'a multitude', 'kol-hagoyim' means 'all the nations', 'hatsovim' means 'who go to war', 'al-ariel' means 'against Ariel', 'vechol-tzoveha' means 'and all its spoils', 'u-metzodatah' means 'and its plunder', 'vehametzikim' means 'and those who oppress', 'lah' means 'it'.
[ISA.29.8] And it shall be as when the hungry dreams, and behold he eats and awakens, and his soul is empty; and as when the thirsty dreams, and behold he drinks and awakens, and behold he is parched and his soul pours out. Thus it shall be the multitude of all the nations that march against the mountain of Zion. [§]
vehayah kaasher yachalom harev vehineh ochel vehikitz ve-reika napsho vekaasher yachalom hatsame vehineh shote vehikitz vehineh ayef venapsho shokeqah ken yihyeh hamoen kol hagoyim hatsovei al har tziyon.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'kaasher' means 'as when', 'yachalom' means 'he dreams', 'harev' means 'the hungry', 'vehineh' means 'and behold', 'ochel' means 'he eats', 'vehikitz' means 'and he awakens', 've-reika' means 'and his soul is empty', 'napsho' means 'his soul', 'vekaasher' means 'as when', 'hatsame' means 'the thirsty', 'shote' means 'he drinks', 'ayef' means 'parched', 'shokeqah' means 'it pours out', 'ken' means 'thus', 'yihyeh' means 'it shall be', 'hamoen' means 'the multitude', 'kol' means 'all', 'hagoyim' means 'the nations', 'hatsovei' means 'that march', 'al' means 'against', 'har' means 'the mountain', 'tziyon' means 'Zion'.
[ISA.29.9] They are bewildered and stunned, they are startled and stagger, they are drunk but not with wine nor with strong drink. [§]
hitmahmehu utemahu hishtash'ahu vasho'u shakru velo-yayin nau velo shekar.
'hitmahmehu' means 'they are bewildered', 'utemahu' means 'and they are stunned or dumbfounded', 'hishtash'ahu' means 'they are startled', 'vasho'u' means 'and they stagger', 'shakru' means 'they are drunk', 'velo-yayin' means 'not wine', 'nau' means 'they stagger or move', 'velo-shekar' means 'not strong drink'.
[ISA.29.10] For Yahveh has poured upon you a spirit of deep slumber and has hardened your eyes, the prophets and your chief seers as a covering. [§]
Ki nasakh aleichem Yahveh ruach tardemah vayeatzem et einaychem et ha-nevi'im ve-et rashaychem ha-chozim kisa.
'Ki' means 'for', 'nasakh' means 'has poured', 'aleichem' means 'upon you (plural)', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ruach' means 'spirit' or 'wind', 'tardemah' means 'slumber' or 'deep sleep', 'vayeatzem' means 'and he hardened' or 'made firm', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'einaychem' means 'your eyes', 'ha-nevi'im' means 'the prophets' (with the definite article), 've-et' means 'and', 'rashaychem' means 'your chiefs' or 'your heads', 'ha-chozim' means 'the seers' or 'the visionaries', and 'kisa' means 'a covering' or 'a veil'.
[ISA.29.11] And it shall be a vision for you of all according to the words of the sealed book that they will give to the one who knows the book, saying, 'Read this, please,' and he will say, 'I cannot, because it is sealed.' [§]
Vatehi lachem chazut hakol kedivre hasefer hechatum asher yitnu oto el yodea hasefer le'emor kera na ze ve'amar lo uchal ki chatum hu.
'Vatehi' means 'and it will be', 'lachem' means 'to you', 'chazut' means 'vision', 'hakol' means 'of all', 'kedivre' means 'according to the words', 'hasefer' means 'the book', 'hechatum' means 'the sealed', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'yitnu' means 'they will give', 'oto' means 'it', 'el' means 'to', 'yodea' means 'the one who knows', 'hasefer' (again) means 'the book', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'kera' means 'read', 'na' means 'please', 'ze' means 'this', 've'amar' means 'and he will say', 'lo' means 'not', 'uchal' means 'I can', 'ki' means 'because', 'chatum' means 'sealed', 'hu' means 'it/he'.
[ISA.29.12] And it will be given the book upon which he did not know the book, saying read please this, and he said I did not know the book. [§]
ve-nittan ha-sefer al asher lo-yada sefer le'emor kera na-zeh ve-amar lo yadati sefer.
"ve-nittan" means "and it will be given", "ha-sefer" means "the book", "al" means "upon" or "against", "asher" means "that/which", "lo-yada" means "did not know", "sefer" means "book", "le'emor" means "to say", "kera" means "read" (imperative), "na-zeh" means "please this" (a request to read this), "ve-amar" means "and he said", "lo" means "not", "yadati" means "I knew", "sefer" means "book".
[ISA.29.13] And my Lord said, because the people this draws near with its mouth and its lips as if they honor me, and its heart is far from me, and their fear of me became a command of men taught. [§]
Vayomer Adonai ya'an ki nigash haam hazeh befi uvisfotav kibduni velevvo richaq mimeni vatehi yiratam oti mitzvat anashim melumdah.
'Vayomer' means 'And he said', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'ya'an' means 'because', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'nigash' means 'approaches' or 'draws near', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'befi' means 'in his mouth', 'uvisfotav' means 'and in his lips', 'kibduni' means 'as if they honor me', 'velevvo' means 'and his heart', 'richaq' means 'far', 'mimeni' means 'from me', 'vatehi' means 'and it became', 'yiratam' means 'their fear', 'oti' means 'of me', 'mitzvat' means 'command', 'anashim' means 'men', 'melumdah' means 'taught' or 'trained'.
[ISA.29.14] Therefore, behold, I will amaze this people with wonders and marvels, and the wisdom of its wise ones shall be lost, and the understanding of its prudence shall be hidden. [§]
Lachen hineni yosef lehafli et ha'am hazeh haple v'pele ve'avadah chochmat chachamav uvinat nevohav tistater.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'hineni' means 'behold I', 'yosef' means 'will increase' or 'will cause to marvel', 'lehafli' means 'to do wonders', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'ha'am' means 'the people', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'haple' means 'miracle' or 'wonder', 'v'pele' means 'and marvel', 've'avadah' means 'and shall be lost', 'chochmat' means 'wisdom of', 'chachamav' means 'its wise ones', 'uvinat' means 'and understanding of', 'nevohav' means 'its prudence', 'tistater' means 'shall be hidden'.
[ISA.29.15] Woe to those who deepen from Yahveh to hide counsel, and their deeds will be in darkness, and they said, Who sees us and who knows us. [§]
Hoi ha maamikhim meYahveh lasetir etzah vehayah bemachshach maaseihem vayomru mi roenu u mi yodeenu.
'Hoi' means 'Woe', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'maamikhim' means 'those who deepen' or 'who go deep', 'meYahveh' means 'from Yahveh' (YHVH translated as Yahveh), 'lasetir' means 'to conceal' or 'to hide', 'etzah' means 'counsel' or 'advice', 'vehayah' means 'and it will be', 'bemachshach' means 'in darkness', 'maaseihem' means 'their deeds' or 'their works', 'vayomru' means 'and they said', 'mi' means 'who', 'roenu' (ro'enu) means 'sees us', 'u' means 'and', 'mi' again 'who', 'yodeenu' means 'knows us'. The names of God are rendered literally as instructed: YHVH becomes Yahveh.
[ISA.29.16] You are turned as clay; the potter will count you, for he will say, 'The work for its maker I did not make,' and the potter said to his creator, 'I do not understand.' [§]
haphkekhem im kechomer hayotser yehashev ki yomar maaseh leosehu lo asani veyetzar amar leyotzro lo hevin.
'haphkekhem' means 'you are turned' or 'you shall be turned', 'im' means 'if', 'kechomer' means 'as clay', 'hayotser' means 'the potter', 'yehashev' means 'will be counted', 'ki' means 'for', 'yomar' means 'he will say', 'maaseh' means 'the work', 'leosehu' means 'to its maker', 'lo' means 'not', 'asani' means 'made me', 'veyetzar' means 'and the potter', 'amar' means 'said', 'leyotzro' means 'to its creator', 'lo' means 'not', 'hevin' means 'understood'.
[ISA.29.17] Is it not a little farther east, and shall return to Lebanon, and the Carmel to the forest will be reckoned. [§]
Halo od me'at miz'ar ve-shav leVanon laKarmel vehaKarmel laYa'ar yechashev.
'Halo' means 'Is it not', 'od' means 'still' or 'more', 'me'at' means 'a little', 'miz'ar' means 'from the east', 've-shav' means 'and shall return', 'leVanon' means 'to Lebanon', 'laKarmel' means 'to Carmel', 'vehaKarmel' means 'and the Carmel', 'laYa'ar' means 'to the forest', 'yechashev' means 'will be counted' or 'shall be reckoned'.
[ISA.29.18] And on that day the deaf will hear the words of the book, and from darkness and gloom the eyes of the blind will see. [§]
ve-sham-eu ba-yom ha-hu ha-chereshim div-rei se-fer u-me-ofel u-me-choshek ei-nei ivrim tir-ei-na
've' means 'and', 'sham-eu' means 'they will hear', 'ba-yom' means 'on the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 'ha-chereshim' means 'the deaf', 'div-rei' means 'words of', 'se-fer' means 'book', 'u-me-ofel' means 'from darkness', 'u-me-choshek' means 'and from gloom', 'ei-nei' means 'the eyes of', 'ivrim' means 'the blind', 'tir-ei-na' means 'will see'.
[ISA.29.19] The humble will increase joy in Yahveh, and the poor of humanity will rejoice in the holy of Israel. [§]
Ve-yas'fu anavim baYahveh simchah ve-evyonay adam biKdoshi Yisrael yagilu.
'Ve' means 'and', 'yas'fu' means 'will increase' or 'will add', 'anavim' means 'the humble', 'baYahveh' means 'in Yahveh' (the literal name of God), 'simchah' means 'joy', 've' again means 'and', 'evyonay' means 'the poor (of)', 'adam' means 'human' or 'man', 'biKdoshi' means 'in the holy' (the holy of), 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'yagilu' means 'will rejoice' or 'will be glad'.
[ISA.29.20] For the burning will cease, and the fleeing will be finished, and all the watchers of wickedness will be cut off. [§]
ki afes aritz ve khala letz venikheretu kol shokdei aven
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'afes' means 'will cease', 'aritz' means 'burning', 'vekhala' means 'and will be finished', 'letz' means 'fleeing' or 'flight', 'venikheretu' means 'and they will be cut off', 'kol' means 'all', 'shokdei' means 'watchers of' (from the verb to watch), 'aven' means 'wickedness' or 'evil'.
[ISA.29.21] Those who cause a man to stumble by a word, and the accuser at the gate will become harsh, and they cast the righteous into the chaos. [§]
Machat'ei adam be'davar ve'lamochi'ach ba'sha'ar yekoshun vayattu ba'tohu tzaddik.
'Machat'ei' means 'those who cause a stumble', 'adam' means 'man', 'be'davar' means 'by a word' or 'in speech', 've'lamochi'ach' means 'and to the one who proves or accuses', 'ba'sha'ar' means 'at the gate', 'yekoshun' means 'they will become hard or harsh', 'vayattu' means 'and they cast' or 'they threw', 'ba'tohu' means 'into the void/chaos', 'tzaddik' means 'the righteous one'.
[ISA.29.22] Therefore thus said Yahveh to the house of Jacob, who redeemed Abraham: 'Now Jacob will not be ashamed, and now his face will not be turned away.' [§]
Lachen ko-amar Yahveh el Beit Yaakov asher padata et Avraham lo atah yevoash Yaakov v'lo atah panav yechevaru.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko-amar' means 'thus said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'Beit' means 'house', 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob', 'asher' means 'who', 'padata' means 'redeemed', 'et' is a particle marking the object, 'Avraham' means 'Abraham', 'lo' means 'not', 'atah' means 'now', 'yevoash' means 'shall be ashamed', 'Yaakov' again 'Jacob', 'v'lo' means 'and not', 'atah' again 'now', 'panav' means 'his face', 'yechevaru' means 'shall be turned away'.
[ISA.29.23] For in his creation his children, the work of my hand, in his midst they will consecrate my name, and they will consecrate the Holy Jacob, and the Gods of Israel they will defy. [§]
Ki bi'ra'to yeladav ma'aseh yaday be'kirbo yakdishu shemi ve'hakdishu et Kedosh ya'akov ve'et elohi Yisrael ya'aritsu.
'Ki' means 'for', 'bi'ra'to' means 'in his creation', 'yeladav' means 'his children', 'ma'aseh' means 'the work', 'yaday' means 'my hand', 'be'kirbo' means 'in his midst', 'yakdishu' means 'they will consecrate', 'shemi' means 'my name', 've'hakdishu' means 'and they will consecrate', 'et' is the direct‑object marker (no translation), 'Kedosh' means 'the Holy', 'ya'akov' means 'Jacob', 've'et' means 'and', 'elohi' is the construct form of 'Elohim' meaning 'the Gods of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', and 'ya'aritsu' means 'they will act arrogantly' or 'they will defy'.
[ISA.29.24] And they shall know the ways of the spirit, understanding; and the fools shall learn a lesson. [§]
ve-yadu toei-ruach bina ve-rog'nim yilmedu-lekach.
've-yadu' means 'and they shall know', 'toei-ruach' means 'the ways of the spirit' (toei = ways, ruach = spirit or wind), 'bina' means 'understanding', 've-rog'nim' means 'and the fools', 'yilmedu' means 'they shall learn', 'lekach' means 'a lesson' or 'a moral teaching'.
ISA.30
[ISA.30.1] Woe, rebellious children, says Yahveh, to make counsel and not my portion, and to pour a cup and not my spirit, for the sake of the covering of sin upon sin. [§]
Hoy banim sorerim ne'um Yahveh le'asot etzah ve'lo mini velinsokh masekha ve'lo ruchi lema'an sfot chatat al chatat.
'Hoy' means 'Woe', 'banim' means 'children' or 'sons', 'sorerim' means 'rebellious', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'le'asot' means 'to do' or 'to make', 'etzah' means 'counsel', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'mini' means 'my kind' or 'my portion', 'velinsokh' means 'and to pour', 'masekha' means 'a cup', 've'lo' again means 'and not', 'ruchi' means 'my spirit', 'lema'an' means 'for the sake of', 'sfot' means 'covering', 'chatat' means 'sin', and the final 'al chatat' means 'upon sin'.
[ISA.30.2] The ones who go down to Egypt and their mouth did not ask for strength in the refuge of Pharaoh and for shelter in the shadow of Egypt. [§]
haholchim laredet Mitzrayim ufi lo sha'alu laoz bema'oz Paroh ve'lahasot be-tzel Mitzrayim.
'haholchim' means 'the ones who go', 'laredet' means 'down', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'ufi' means 'and their mouth', 'lo' means 'did not', 'sha'alu' means 'ask', 'laoz' means 'for strength', 'bema'oz' means 'in the refuge', 'Paroh' means 'Pharaoh', 've'lahasot' means 'and for shelter', 'be-tzel' means 'in the shadow', 'Mitzrayim' again means 'Egypt'.
[ISA.30.3] And it shall be to you a support of Pharaoh for disgrace, and the protection in the shadow of Egypt as a shame. [§]
vehayah lachem maoz Paroh leboshet vehachasut be tzel Mitzrayim likhlima.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'lachem' means 'to you (plural)', 'maoz' means 'support' or 'strength', 'Paroh' means 'Pharaoh', 'leboshet' means 'for shame' or 'as a disgrace', 'vehachasut' means 'and the protection' (the noun for shelter or guard), 'be tzel' means 'in the shadow', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'likhlima' means 'as a disgrace' or 'for humiliation'.
[ISA.30.4] Because they were in uproar, his princes and messengers will arrive graciously. [§]
Ki hayu be-tzoan sarav u-mal'achav chanes yaggiu.
'Ki' means 'because', 'hayu' means 'they were', 'be-tzoan' means 'in uproar' or 'in disturbance', 'sarav' means 'his princes', 'u-' is the conjunction 'and', 'mal'achav' means 'his messengers', 'chanes' means 'graciously' or 'with favor', 'yaggiu' means 'they will arrive' or 'they will come'.
[ISA.30.5] All who bring a man upon the people do not think for them, not for help and not to deceive, because of shame and also for mockery. [§]
Kol hovi ish al am lo yoilu lamo lo le-ezer ve'lo lehoil ki levoshet vegam lecherpah.
'Kol' means 'all', 'hovi' means 'who bring', 'ish' means 'man', 'al' means 'upon', 'am' means 'the people', 'lo' means 'not', 'yoilu' means 'they think/plan', 'lamo' means 'for them', 'lo' again means 'not', 'le-ezer' means 'for help', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'lehoil' means 'to deceive', 'ki' means 'because', 'levoshet' means 'shame', 'vegam' means 'also', 'lecherpah' means 'mockery'.
[ISA.30.6] The burden for the beasts of the south in the land of hardship and oppression, lion and lion from them I will humble and burn the winged ones; they will lift on the shoulder of young men their army, and on the marsh their riches and treasures, upon a people they will not rise. [§]
Massa bahemot negav be'eretz tzara ve'tzukah lavi va'layish mehem ef'eh ve'saraf me'ofef yisu al-keteph ayarim cheilehem ve'al-dabeshat gemalim otzrotam al-am lo yo'alu.
"Massa" means "burden" or "load". "bahemot" means "of the beasts". "negav" means "south". "be'eretz" means "in the land". "tzara" means "hardship" or "affliction". "ve'tzukah" means "and oppression". "lavi" means "lion". "va'layish" means "and lion". "mehem" means "from them". "ef'eh" means "I will humiliate" or "bring low". "ve'saraf" means "and I will burn". "me'ofef" means "the winged one" or "the one that flies". "yisu" means "they will lift" or "carry". "al-keteph" means "on the shoulder". "ayarim" means "young men". "cheilehem" means "their army" or "their host". "ve'al-dabeshat" means "and on the marsh". "gemalim" means "riches" or "wealth". "otzrotam" means "their treasures". "al-am" means "upon a people". "lo yo'alu" means "they will not rise" or "they will not prevail".
[ISA.30.7] And Egypt is vanity and emptiness; they will help. Therefore I called for this: swift they sweat. [§]
Umitzrayim hevel varik yaazoru lakein karati lazot rahav hem shavet.
'Umitzrayim' means 'and Egypt', 'hevel' means 'vanity' or 'nothingness', 'varik' means 'and emptiness', 'yaazoru' is the future third‑person plural of the verb 'to help' meaning 'they will help', 'lakein' means 'therefore', 'karati' means 'I called', 'lazot' means 'to this' or 'for this', 'rahav' means 'swift' or 'quick', 'hem' means 'they', and 'shavet' means 'sweat' or 'to sweat'.
[ISA.30.8] Now come, write it on a tablet with them and on the book of its decree, and let it be forever from that day onward, forever. [§]
atah bo katveha al-luch itamm ve'al sefer hukkah ut'hi le-yom acharon la'ad ad olam.
'atah' means 'now', 'bo' means 'come', 'katveha' means 'write it', 'al-luch' means 'on a tablet', 'itamm' means 'with them', 've'al' means 'and on', 'sefer' means 'book', 'hukkah' means 'its statute' or 'decree', 'ut'hi' means 'and it shall be', 'le-yom' means 'for the day', 'acharon' means 'afterward' or 'subsequent', 'la'ad' means 'forever', 'ad' means 'until', 'olam' means 'ever' or 'age'.
[ISA.30.9] For rebellious people, they are children like chaff, children did not hear the law of Yahveh. [§]
ki am meri hu banim kechashim banim lo-avu shemua torat Yahveh
'ki' means 'for', 'am' means 'people', 'meri' means 'rebellious', 'hu' means 'he/it is', 'banim' means 'children', 'kechashim' means 'like chaff', the second 'banim' repeats 'children', 'lo-avu' means 'did not hear', 'shemua' means 'listening' or 'obedience', 'torat' means 'law of', and 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[ISA.30.10] They said to the ones who look, 'You shall not see,' and to the gazers, 'You shall not behold— to us, clear signs; speak to us the portions, see what is happening.' [§]
Asher amru laroi'im lo tiru ve-lachozim lo techazu-lanu nekhokhot dabrū-lanu chalakot chazu mahatallot.
'Asher' means 'that/which', 'amru' means 'they said', 'laroi'im' means 'to the seeing ones', 'lo' means 'not', 'tiru' means 'you will see', 've-lachozim' means 'and to the gazers', 'lo' means 'not', 'techazu' means 'you will behold', '-lanu' means 'to us/for us', 'nekhokhot' means 'evidences' or 'clear signs', 'dabrū-lanu' means 'speak to us', 'chalakot' means 'portions' or 'allotments', 'chazu' means 'see', 'mahatallot' means 'what is happening' or 'the events'.
[ISA.30.11] Turn away from the way, turn from the path, cease before us the Holy One of Israel. [§]
Suru minnei derekh hatu minnei orach hashvitu mippanenu et Kedosh Yisrael.
'Suru' means 'turn away', 'minnei' means 'from the', 'derekh' means 'way', 'hatu' means 'turn', 'minnei' means 'from the', 'orach' means 'path', 'hashvitu' means 'put an end to' or 'cease', 'mippanenu' means 'before us', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'Kedosh' means 'the Holy One', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[ISA.30.12] Therefore thus said the Holy One of Israel, because you have despised this matter and you trusted in filth and contempt, and you have sinned against it. [§]
lachen ko amar kedosh Yisrael ya'an ma'askhem ba-davar hazeh va-tivtachu be-osheq ve-nalaz va-tisha'anu alav.
"lachen" means "therefore"; "ko" means "thus"; "amar" means "said"; "kedosh" means "the Holy One" (a title of God); "Yisrael" means "Israel"; "ya'an" means "because"; "ma'askhem" means "you have rejected/ despised"; "ba-davar" means "in the matter"; "hazeh" means "this"; "va-tivtachu" means "and you trusted"; "be-osheq" means "in filth"; "ve-nalaz" means "and in contempt/scorn"; "va-tisha'anu" means "and you sinned"; "alav" means "against it".
[ISA.30.13] Therefore this iniquity shall be for you like a falling cliff, we shall be broken in a wall, we shall be shaken, which suddenly, suddenly will bring its breaking. [§]
Lachen yihyeh lachem ha'avan hazeh keferets nofel niv'eh bechoma nischagavah asher pitam lepetah yavo shivrah.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'yihyeh' means 'shall be', 'lachem' means 'to you', 'ha'avan' means 'the iniquity', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'keferets' means 'like a cliff or rock', 'nofel' means 'falling', 'niv'eh' means 'we will be broken', 'bechoma' means 'in a wall', 'nischagavah' means 'we will be shaken', 'asher' means 'which', 'pitam' means 'suddenly', 'lepetah' means 'sudden', 'yavo' means 'will come', 'shivrah' means 'its breaking'.
[ISA.30.14] And its breaking like the breaking of a lyre of creators, it will not be merciful and it will not be found in its destruction; a plow for cutting fire from a fixed point and uncover water from the well. [§]
ushvarah keshever nevel yotserim katut lo yachmol velo yimatze bimchitatoh cheres lachtot esh miyakud velachshef mayim migve.
'ushvarah' means 'and its breaking', 'keshever' means 'like a breaking', 'nevel' means 'lyre' or 'harp', 'yotserim' means 'creators' or 'makers', 'katut' means 'will not cut' or 'will not write', 'lo' means 'not', 'yachmol' means 'will have mercy', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yimatze' means 'will be found', 'bimchitatoh' means 'in its destruction', 'cheres' means 'plow', 'lachtot' means 'to cut', 'esh' means 'fire', 'miyakud' means 'from a fixed point', 'velachshef' means 'and to uncover', 'mayim' means 'water', 'migve' means 'from the well'.
[ISA.30.15] For thus says my Lord Yahveh, Holy One of Israel: When you return and rest you will be saved; in quiet and in confidence your strength will be, and you will not desire. [§]
Ki koh-amar Adonai Yahveh Kedosh Yisrael beshubah vanachat tivasheun beheshket uvbitcha tiheye gevuratekhem velo avitem.
'Ki' means 'for', 'koh-amar' means 'thus says', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Kedosh' means 'Holy', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'beshubah' means 'in return' or 'when you return', 'vanachat' means 'and rest', 'tivasheun' means 'you will be saved', 'beheshket' means 'in quiet', 'uvbitcha' means 'and in confidence', 'tiheye' means 'will be', 'gevuratekhem' means 'your strength' (or 'your might'), 'velo' means 'and not', 'avitem' means 'you will desire'.
[ISA.30.16] And they said, 'It is not because we flee on a horse; therefore you will flee, and because we ride on a light thing, therefore they will pursue your pursuers.' [§]
Vatomru lo ki al sus nanus al ken tenusun ve al kal nirkav al ken yikalu rodfeychem.
'Vatomru' means 'and they said', 'lo' means 'not', 'ki' means 'because', 'al' means 'on' or 'upon', 'sus' means 'horse', 'nanus' means 'we flee', 'ken' means 'therefore', 'tenusun' means 'you (plural) will flee', 've' means 'and', 'kal' means 'light (thing)', 'nirkav' means 'we ride', 'yikalu' means 'they will pursue', 'rodfeychem' means 'your pursuers'.
[ISA.30.17] A thousand because of the anger of one, because of the anger of five they will flee, until if you remain as a wreath on the head of the mountain and as a crown on the hill. [§]
Elef echad mipnei ga'arat echad mipnei ga'arat chamisha tanusu ad im-notartem katoren al rosh ha-har vechanes al ha-giv'ah.
'Elef' means 'thousand', 'echad' means 'one', 'mipnei' means 'because of' or 'on account of', 'ga'arat' means 'anger (of)', the second 'echad' repeats 'one', the second 'mipnei' again means 'because of', the second 'ga'arat' again 'anger (of)', 'chamisha' means 'five', 'tanusu' means 'you will flee', 'ad' means 'until', 'im-notartem' means 'if you remain', 'katoren' means 'as a wreath or turban', 'al' means 'on', 'rosh' means 'head', 'ha-har' means 'the mountain', 'vechanes' means 'and as a crown', 'al' again means 'on', 'ha-giv'ah' means 'the hill'.
[ISA.30.18] Therefore Yahveh will wait to your compassion, and therefore He will be exalted for your mercy, because God of justice Yahveh, blessed are all wise ones of Him. [§]
veLachen yechakeh Yahveh la'hanankhem veLachen yarum le'rachmekhem ki Elohei mishpat Yahveh ashrei kol chochhei lo.
'veLachen' means 'and therefore', 'yechakeh' means 'will wait', 'Yahveh' means the personal name of God, 'la'hanankhem' means 'to your compassion', 'veLachen' means 'and therefore', 'yarum' means 'will be exalted', 'le'rachmekhem' means 'for your mercy', 'ki' means 'because', 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'mishpat' means 'justice', 'Yahveh' means the personal name of God, 'ashrei' means 'blessed are', 'kol' means 'all', 'chochhei' means 'wise ones', 'lo' means 'of Him'.
[ISA.30.19] For a people in Zion will dwell in Jerusalem, you will not weep; grace will be gracious to you at the sound of your cry, and when he heard it he answered you. [§]
ki am b'tzion yeshev b'irushalaim bako lo tivke chanon yachnekha lekol za'akekha k'shama'ato anekha.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'am' means 'people', 'b'tzion' means 'in Zion', 'yeshev' means 'will dwell' or 'will sit', 'b'irushalaim' means 'in Jerusalem', 'bako' means 'you will weep' (negative context), 'lo' means 'not', 'tivke' means 'you will weep', 'chanon' means 'grace' or 'favor', 'yachnekha' means 'will be gracious to you', 'lekol' means 'to the voice of', 'za'akekha' means 'your cry', 'k'shama'ato' means 'when he heard it', 'anekha' means 'he answered you'.
[ISA.30.20] And He will give you, my Lord, bread for the hungry and water for thirst, and your teachers will no longer be humbled, and your eyes will see your teachers. [§]
ve'natan lakhim Adonai lechem tzar u-mayim lachatz ve'lo yikaneph od morekha ve-hayu einakha ro'ot et-morekha.
've'natan' means 'and will give', 'lakhim' means 'to you (plural)', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'lechem' means 'bread', 'tzar' means 'hunger', 'u-mayim' means 'and water', 'lachat' means 'for thirst', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'yikaneph' means 'will be humbled', 'od' means 'anymore', 'morekha' means 'your teachers', 've-hayu' means 'and will be', 'einakha' means 'your eyes', 'ro'ot' means 'seeing', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'morekha' means 'your teachers' again.
[ISA.30.21] And your ears will hear a word from behind you, saying, This is the way, go through it, because you will believe, and because you will hear. [§]
ve'aznecha tishma'na davar me'acharecha le'emor zeh haderekh lechu bo ki ta'aminu ve'ki tashmeilu.
've'aznecha' means 'and your ears', 'tishma'na' means 'will hear', 'davar' means 'a word' or 'thing', 'me'acharecha' means 'from behind you', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'zeh' means 'this', 'haderekh' means 'the way', 'lechu' means 'go', 'bo' means 'in it' or 'through it', 'ki' means 'because', 'ta'aminu' means 'you will believe', 've'ki' means 'and because', 'tashmeilu' means 'you will hear'.
[ISA.30.22] And you will defile the bird of your worthless silver and the golden platter of your gold; you will cast them like a pot, go and say to him. [§]
ve-tim'emet et-tzippui pesilei kaspecha ve-et-afuddat masechat zehavcha tizrem kemo dava tze to'amar lo.
've' means 'and', 'tim'emet' means 'you will defile', 'et' is the accusative particle, 'tzippui' means 'the bird', 'pesilei' means 'of the worthless', 'kaspecha' means 'your silver', 've' means 'and', 'et' again the accusative particle, 'afuddat' means 'the platter', 'masechat' means 'of gold', 'zehavcha' means 'your gold', 'tizrem' means 'you will cast', 'kemo' means 'like', 'dava' means 'a pot', 'tze' means 'go out', 'to'amar' means 'you will say', 'lo' means 'to him'.
[ISA.30.23] And He will give rain on your seed that you sow on the ground, and bread the produce of the ground, and it will be rich in grain and oil; your livestock will feed in that day as a broad expanse. [§]
ve-natan metar zaracha asher-tizra et-haadamah ve-lechem tevuat haadamah ve-hayah dashen ve-shamen yireh miknecha ba-yom ha-hu kar nirchav.
've-natan' means 'and He will give', 'metar' means 'rain', 'zaracha' means 'your seed', 'asher-tizra' means 'that you sow', 'et-haadamah' means 'the ground', 've-lechem' means 'and bread', 'tevuat' means 'the produce of', 'haadamah' means 'the ground', 've-hayah' means 'and it will be', 'dashen' means 'rich in grain', 've-shamen' means 'and oil', 'yireh' means 'will feed/graze', 'miknecha' means 'your livestock', 'ba-yom' means 'in the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 'kar' means 'as', 'nirchav' means 'broad/spread out'.
[ISA.30.24] And the thousands and the gazelles, workers of the ground, in a hot night they will eat that which is rising in the desert and in the plain. [§]
vehalafim vehaayyarim ovdei haadamah belil chamitz yochelu asher zoreh barachat uvammizreh.
'vehalafim' means 'and the thousands', 'vehaayyarim' means 'and the gazelles', 'ovdei' means 'workers of', 'haadamah' means 'the earth/ground', 'belil' means 'in the night', 'chamitz' means 'hot', 'yochelu' means 'they will eat', 'asher' means 'that which', 'zoreh' means 'rising' or 'sprouting', 'barachat' means 'in the desert', 'uvammizreh' means 'and in the plain'.
[ISA.30.25] And it shall be on every high mountain and on every hill, the streams shall be poured out, water shall overflow, on the day of great slaughter when the towers fall. [§]
Ve-hayah al kol har gavoha ve-al kol gibah nisa pelagim yivlei-mayim be-yom herag rav binfal migdalim.
'Ve-hayah' means 'and it will be', 'al' means 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'har' means 'the mountain', 'gavoha' means 'high', 've-al' means 'and upon', 'gibah' means 'hill', 'nisa' means 'shall be poured out', 'pelagim' means 'streams', 'yivlei-mayim' means 'water shall overflow', 'be-yom' means 'in the day of', 'herag' means 'slaughter', 'rav' means 'great', 'binfal' means 'when they fall', 'migdalim' means 'towers'.
[ISA.30.26] And it will be the light of the moon like the light of the sun, and the light of the sun will be seven times like the light of the seven days; in a day of rest Yahveh will break his people and the crushing of his blows will heal. [§]
vehayah or ha-levanah keor ha-chamah veor ha-chamah yihyeh shivataim keor shivat hayamim beyom chabosh Yahveh et shever ammo umahatz machato yirpa.
'vehayah' means 'and it will be', 'or' means 'light', 'ha-levanah' means 'the moon', 'keor' means 'like the light', 'ha-chamah' means 'the sun', 'veor' means 'and the light', 'yihyeh' means 'it will be', 'shivataim' means 'seven times', 'keor' repeats meaning 'like the light', 'shivat hayamim' means 'of the seven days', 'beyom' means 'in a day', 'chabosh' means 'rest' or 'break', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHWH, 'et' is a direct‑object marker (no English equivalent), 'shever' means 'breaking', 'ammo' means 'his people', 'umahatz' means 'and the crushing', 'machato' means 'of his blows', 'yirpa' means 'will heal'.
[ISA.30.27] Behold the name Yahveh is coming from afar, his anger burning and heavy is his burden, his lips are full of wrath, and his tongue is like a devouring fire. [§]
Hineh shem Yahveh ba mirchah bo'er apo vechoved masa'ah sefataiv malu zaam uleshono ke'esh okhelet.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'shem' means 'name', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH, 'ba' means 'is coming', 'mirchah' means 'from afar', 'bo'er' means 'burning', 'apo' means 'his anger', 'vechoved' means 'and heavy', 'masa'ah' means 'burden' or 'load', 'sefataiv' means 'his lips', 'malu' means 'are full', 'zaam' means 'with wrath', 'uleshono' means 'and his tongue', 'ke'esh' means 'like fire', 'okhelet' means 'devouring' or 'eating'.
[ISA.30.28] And his spirit is like a river that sweeps to the east, it will cut through the scattering of nations in vain, and a thunder will stir upon the lives of peoples. [§]
ve-ruho ke-nachal shoteph ad tzavvar yecheze lahanaphah goyim be-nafat shav ve-resen mateh al lechaye amim.
've-ruho' means 'and his spirit', 'ke-nachal' means 'like a river', 'shoteph' means 'that sweeps' or 'rushing', 'ad' means 'until' or 'to', 'tzavvar' means 'the east' (direction), 'yecheze' means 'will split' or 'will cut through', 'lahanaphah' means 'the scattering' or 'the hurling', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'be-nafat' means 'in the breath' or 'by the blowing', 'shav' means 'vain' or 'false', 've-resen' means 'and a crash' or 'thunder', 'mateh' means 'stirring' or 'shaking', 'al' means 'upon', 'lechaye' means 'for the lives of', 'amim' means 'peoples'.
[ISA.30.29] The song will be for you as a feast, sanctified as a festival, and the joy of heart like one who walks in the wilderness, to come to the mountain of Yahveh, to the rock of Israel. [§]
Ha shir yihyeh lakhem ke leil hitkadesh chag ve simchat levav ka holekh bechahil labo behar Yahveh el tzur Yisrael.
'Ha shir' means 'the song', 'yihyeh' means 'will be', 'lakhem' means 'for you' (plural), 'ke leil' means 'as a feast' (literal), 'hitkadesh' means 'sanctified', 'chag' means 'festival', 've' means 'and', 'simchat' means 'joy of', 'levav' means 'heart', 'ka' means 'like', 'holekh' means 'one who walks', 'bechahil' means 'in the wilderness', 'labo' means 'to come', 'behar' means 'to the mountain', 'Yahveh' means 'Yahveh' (the divine name), 'el' means 'to', 'tzur' means 'rock', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[ISA.30.30] And Yahveh will cause his glory and his voice to be heard, and the trembling of his arm will be seen in angry wrath, and a flame of fire devouring, scattered and flowing, and a stone of hail. [§]
ve-hishmia Yahveh et Hod qolo ve-nachat z'ro'o yareh be-za'af af ve-lahav esh o-chela nefetz va-zerem ve-even barad.
've-hishmia' means 'and (He) will cause to be heard', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'et' is the accusative marker, 'Hod' means 'glory', 'qolo' means 'his voice', 've-nachat' means 'and the trembling', 'z'ro'o' means 'of his arm', 'yareh' means 'will be seen', 'be-za'af' means 'in angry', 'af' means 'wrath', 've-lahav' means 'and flame', 'esh' means 'fire', 'o-chela' means 'devouring', 'nefetz' means 'scattered', 'va-zerem' means 'and flowing', 've-even' means 'and stone', 'barad' means 'hail'.
[ISA.30.31] For from the voice of Yahveh Assur will be struck down, the staff will strike. [§]
Ki miqol Yahveh yechat Assur bashsevet yakkhe.
'Ki' means 'for', 'miqol' means 'from the voice', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'yechat' means 'will strike down', 'Assur' refers to the nation of Assyria, 'bashsevet' means 'with the staff' (the word shevet means staff or rod), 'yakkhe' means 'will strike'.
[ISA.30.32] And it shall be that every passing of the staff of foundation which Yahveh lets rest upon it, in trumpets and in harps and in battles, a sounding shall fight against it. [§]
vehayah kol maabar matte musadah asher yanich Yahveh alav betupim uvekinorot uvemilchamot tenupah nilchamba.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'kol' means 'all/every', 'maabar' means 'passing' or 'crossing', 'matte' means 'staff' or 'rod', 'musadah' means 'foundation', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'yanich' means 'he lets rest' or 'he causes to rest', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, 'alav' means 'upon it', 'betupim' means 'in trumpets', 'uvekinorot' means 'and in harps', 'uvemilchamot' means 'and in battles', 'tenupah' means 'a sounding' or 'shout', 'nilchamba' means 'shall fight against it'.
[ISA.30.33] Because cursed since yesterday you opened also he to the king prepared deepened expanded its circle fire and many woods the breath of Yahveh like a river of gafrit burning in it. [§]
ki aruch me-etmol tafteh gam-hi lammelek hukan heamikh hirchiv meduratah esh ve-etzim harbeh nishmat Yahveh kenachal gafrit boarah bah.
'ki' means 'because', 'aruch' means 'cursed', 'me-etmol' means 'since yesterday', 'tafteh' means 'you opened', 'gam' means 'also', 'hi' means 'he', 'lammelek' means 'to the king', 'hukan' means 'prepared', 'heamikh' means 'deepened', 'hirchiv' means 'expanded', 'meduratah' means 'its circle', 'esh' means 'fire', 've-etzim' means 'and wood', 'harbeh' means 'many', 'nishmat' means 'breath', 'Yahveh' means 'Yahveh', 'kenachal' means 'like a river', 'gafrit' means 'gafrit (a type of fire)', 'boarah' means 'burning', 'bah' means 'in it'.
ISA.31
[ISA.31.1] Woe to those who go down from Egypt for help; upon horses they will save us, and they trusted in chariots because they were many, and in infantry because they were very strong; they did not trust in the holy of Israel, and they did not seek Yahveh. [§]
Hoi hayordim mitzrayim le'ezrah al-susim yisha'enu vayivtchu al-rekeb ki rav ve'al parashim ki-atzmu meod velo sha'u al-kedosh Yisrael ve'et-Yahveh lo darashu.
'Hoi' means 'woe', 'hayordim' means 'the ones who go down' (those descending), 'mitzrayim' means 'from Egypt', 'le'ezrah' means 'for help', 'al-susim' means 'upon horses', 'yisha'enu' means 'will save us', 'vayivtchu' means 'and they trusted', 'al-rekeb' means 'upon chariot(s)', 'ki' means 'because', 'rav' means 'many', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'parashim' means 'infantry', 'ki-atzmu' means 'because they were strong', 'meod' means 'very', 'velo' means 'and not', 'sha'u' means 'they trusted/dwelled', 'al-kedosh' means 'upon the holy', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 've'et-Yahveh' means 'and (the) Yahveh', 'lo' means 'not', 'darashu' means 'they sought'. The divine name YHVH is rendered literally as 'Yahveh' according to the prescribed translation rules.
[ISA.31.2] And also he was wise and brought evil, and he did not remove his words, and he rose against the house of the wicked and against the help of the workers of iniquity. [§]
vegam hu chacham vayave ra veet devarav lo hesir veqam al beit mereim veal ezrat poalei aven.
'vegam' means 'and also', 'hu' means 'he', 'chacham' means 'wise', 'vayave' means 'and brought', 'ra' means 'evil', 'veet' means 'and the', 'devarav' means 'his words', 'lo' means 'not', 'hesir' means 'removed', 'veqam' means 'and rose', 'al' means 'against', 'beit' means 'house', 'mereim' means 'of the wicked', 'veal' means 'and against', 'ezrat' means 'the help of', 'poalei' means 'workers', 'aven' means 'evil deeds' or 'iniquity'.
[ISA.31.3] And Egypt, a man and not God, and their horses flesh and not spirit, and Yahveh stretches his hand and the helper will stumble and the strong will fall, and together all of them will be destroyed. [§]
U-mitzrayim adam ve-lo el ve-susehem basar ve-lo ruach va-yehveh yatteh yado ve-kashal ozer ve-napal azur ve-yachdav kulam yichlayun.
'U-mitzrayim' means 'and Egypt', 'adam' means 'man', 've-lo el' means 'and not God', 've-susehem' means 'and their horses', 'basar' means 'flesh', 've-lo ruach' means 'and not spirit', 'va-yehveh' means 'and Yahveh', 'yatteh' means 'will stretch', 'yado' means 'his hand', 've-kashal' means 'and will stumble', 'ozer' means 'helper', 've-napal' means 'and will fall', 'azur' means 'the strong', 've-yachdav' means 'and together', 'kulam' means 'all of them', 'yichlayun' means 'will be destroyed'.
[ISA.31.4] For thus said Yahveh to me, as the lion roars and the leopard over its prey, which is called a full of shepherds, from their voice it does not stop, and from their multitude it does not answer; therefore Yahveh of hosts will go down to fight upon Mount Zion and upon its hill. [§]
ki co amar yahveh elai kaasher yehge haaryeh vehakfir al tarpo asher yikkare alav melo roim mikkolam lo yechat umehamonam lo yaane ken yered yahveh tzvaot litztvo al har tziyon ve'al givatah.
'ki' means 'for', 'co' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'yahveh' is the divine name rendered as Yahveh, 'elai' means 'to me', 'kaasher' means 'as', 'yehge' means 'roars', 'haaryeh' means 'the lion', 'vehakfir' means 'and the leopard', 'al' means 'over', 'tarpo' means 'its prey', 'asher' means 'which', 'yikkare' means 'is called', 'alav' means 'upon it', 'melo' means 'full', 'roim' means 'shepherds', 'mikkolam' means 'from their voice', 'lo' means 'not', 'yechat' means 'will stop', 'umehamonam' means 'from their multitude', 'yaane' means 'will answer', 'ken' means 'therefore', 'yered' means 'will go down', 'tzvaot' means 'hosts', 'litztvo' means 'to fight', 'har' means 'the mountain', 'tziyon' means 'Zion', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'givatah' means 'its hill'.
[ISA.31.5] Like sparrows dust, so Yahveh the Armies will protect over Jerusalem a garden and will save the passing and will deliver. [§]
ketsipporim afot ken yagen Yahveh tzevaot al Yerushalayim ganon vehitsil pasoch vehimlit.
'ketsipporim' means 'like sparrows', 'afot' means 'dust', 'ken' means 'so' or 'thus', 'yagen' means 'will protect', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'the Armies' (a title of God), 'al' means 'over' or 'upon', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'ganon' means 'a garden' or 'peaceful place', 'vehitsil' means 'and will save', 'pasoch' means 'the passing' (referring to those who pass through or those struck), 'vehimlit' means 'and will deliver'.
[ISA.31.6] Return, O you who have deepened the waywardness, O children of Israel. [§]
Shuvu la'asher he'emiku sarah b'nei Yisrael.
'Shuvu' means 'return' (imperative plural), 'la'asher' means 'to those who', 'he'emiku' means 'they have deepened', 'sarah' means 'waywardness' or 'perverseness', 'b'nei' means 'children of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[ISA.31.7] For on that day they will be ashamed, a man of the vanities of his silver and the vanities of his gold, which your hands have made a sin. [§]
Ki ba-yom ha-hu yimasun ish aleilei kasepo ve-aleilei zehavo asher asu lachem yedeichem chet.
'Ki' means 'For', 'ba-yom' means 'on the day', 'ha-hu' means 'that', 'yimasun' means 'they will be ashamed', 'ish' means 'a man', 'aleilei' means 'the vanities/foolish things of', 'kasepo' means 'his silver', 've-aleilei' means 'and the vanities of', 'zehavo' means 'his gold', 'asher' means 'which', 'asu' means 'they made', 'lachem' means 'to you' (or 'for you'), 'yedeichem' means 'your hands', 'chet' means 'sin' or 'offense'.
[ISA.31.8] And Assur fell by the sword, not a man; and the sword is not a man that will devour him; and he fled from the sword, and his youths will be wiped out. [§]
ve-napal ashur be-cher ev lo-ish ve-cher ev lo-adam tokhalenu ve-nas lo mipnei-cher ev uva-khurav lamas yihyu.
've-' means 'and', 'napal' means 'fell', 'ashur' is a proper name, 'be-' means 'by', 'cher' means 'sword', 'ev' means 'not', 'lo' means 'a', 'ish' means 'man', 'lo-adam' means 'not a man', 'tokhalenu' means 'will devour him', 'nas' means 'fled', 'mipnei' means 'from before/of', 'cher' again 'sword', 'uva-khurav' means 'and his youths', 'lamas' means 'will be wiped out', 'yihyu' means 'they will be'.
[ISA.31.9] And his bond will pass from the pit, and the captives from the enemy his princes, says Yahveh who has kindled his light in Zion and a furnace for him in Jerusalem. [§]
ve-salo mi-magog ya'avor ve-hattu mi-nes sarav ne'um-Yahveh asher-ur lo be-Tzion ve-tannur lo bi-Rushalayim.
've' means 'and', 'salo' means 'his bond' or 'his shackles', 'mi-magog' means 'from the pit', 'ya'avor' means 'will pass', 've' means 'and', 'hattu' means 'the captives' or 'the taken', 'mi-nes' means 'from the enemy', 'sarav' means 'his princes' or 'his officers', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal name for YHVH, 'asher' means 'who', 'ur' means 'has kindled' or 'has set a light', 'lo' means 'for him', 'be-Tzion' means 'in Zion', 've' means 'and', 'tannur' means 'furnace', 'lo' means 'for him', 'bi-Rushalayim' means 'in Jerusalem'.
ISA.32
[ISA.32.1] Behold, the king shall reign in righteousness, and the princes shall judge in judgment. [§]
hen le-tzedek yimlach-melek u-le-sarim le-mishpat yashoru.
'hen' means 'behold', 'le-tzedek' means 'to righteousness', 'yimlach' means 'shall reign', 'melek' means 'king', 'u-le-sarim' means 'and to princes', 'le-mishpat' means 'for judgment', 'yashoru' means 'they shall judge'.
[ISA.32.2] And it will be a man like one who hides the wind and the secret of a current, like the floodwaters in the oasis, like the shadow of a heavy rock in a desolate land. [§]
ve-hayah ish ke-machavei ruach ve-seter zarem ke-falgei mayim be-tzayon ke-tzel sela kavod be-eretz ayefah.
've-hayah' means 'and it will be', 'ish' means 'a man', 'ke-' is a prefix meaning 'like', 'machavei' means 'hides', 'ruach' means 'wind', 've-seter' means 'and secret', 'zarem' means 'a current', 'ke-falgei' means 'like the floodwaters', 'mayim' means 'water(s)', 'be-tzayon' means 'in the oasis', 'ke-tzel' means 'like the shadow', 'sela' means 'rock', 'kavod' means 'heavy', 'be-eretz' means 'in the land', 'ayefah' means 'desolate'.
[ISA.32.3] And the eyes of the seeing shall not stumble, and the ears of the hearing shall listen. [§]
ve-lo tish'einah einei ro'im ve-oznei shome'im tikshavnah.
've-lo' means 'and not', 'tish'einah' means 'shall stumble' (feminine plural verb), 'einei' means 'eyes of', 'ro'im' means 'seeing ones' or 'those who see', 've-oznei' means 'and ears of', 'shome'im' means 'hearing ones' or 'those who hear', 'tikshavnah' means 'shall listen' (feminine plural verb).
[ISA.32.4] And the heart of the swift will understand to know, and the tongue of the idle will hurry to speak truth. [§]
Ulevav nimharim yavin lada'at uleshon illegim temaher ledaber tzachot.
'Ulevav' is the conjunction 'and' (u) plus 'to the heart' (levav). 'nimharim' means 'the swift ones' or 'those who are quick'. 'yavin' is a verb meaning 'will understand'. 'lada'at' is the infinitive construct meaning 'to know'. 'uleshon' combines 'and' (u) with 'to the tongue' (lashon). 'illegim' means 'the idle' or 'the slack ones'. 'temaher' is a verb meaning 'hurries' or 'makes quick'. 'ledaber' is the infinitive construct meaning 'to speak'. 'tzachot' is a plural noun meaning 'truths' or 'things pure'.
[ISA.32.5] He will no longer be called a noble fool, and to the lowly no help will be spoken. [§]
Lo yikare od le-naval nadiv u-lekhilai lo yeamer shoa.
'Lo' means 'not', 'yikare' means 'will be called', 'od' means 'anymore' or 'again', 'le-naval' means 'to a fool', 'nadiv' means 'noble' or 'distinguished', 'u-lekhilai' means 'and to the lowly' (khilai = the humbled or weak), 'lo' again means 'not', 'yeamer' means 'will be said', and 'shoa' means 'help' or 'aid'.
[ISA.32.6] For a foolish fool will speak, and his heart will do evil—to act proud and to speak to Yahveh falsehood, to empty a hungry soul and deny a thirsty drinker. [§]
Ki navel nevalah yedaber velibo yaaseh aven laasot chonef uledaber el Yahveh toa leharik nefesh raev u mashkeh tzameh yachsir.
'Ki' means 'for', 'navel' means 'foolish', 'nevalah' means 'a fool', 'yedaber' means 'will speak', 've' means 'and', 'libo' means 'his heart', 'yaaseh' means 'will do', 'aven' means 'evil', 'laasot' means 'to do', 'chonef' means 'proud' or 'haughty', 'uledaber' means 'and to speak', 'el' means 'to', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'toa' means 'falsehood', 'leharik' means 'to empty', 'nefesh' means 'soul', 'raev' means 'hungry', 'u' means 'and', 'mashkeh' means 'drinker', 'tzameh' means 'thirsty', 'yachsir' means 'will deny'.
[ISA.32.7] And his vessels are evil; he is deceitful counsel to crush the poor with false speech and with unjust judgment. [§]
vekelay kelav ra'im hu zimmot yaatz lechabel anivim beimrei sheker uvedabber evyon mishpat.
'vekelay' means 'and his', 'kelav' means 'his vessels' or 'his utensils', 'ra'im' means 'are evil', 'hu' means 'he', 'zimmot' means 'lies' or 'deceit', 'yaatz' means 'counsel' or 'advice', 'lechabel' means 'to overpower' or 'to crush', 'anivim' means 'the poor' or 'the humble', 'beimrei' means 'in the words of', 'sheker' means 'falsehood' or 'lie', 'uve' means 'and', 'dabber' means 'in speaking', 'evyon' means 'unjust' or 'biased', 'mishpat' means 'judgment' or 'law'.
[ISA.32.8] And a generous one of the generous counsels, and he will stand upon the generous. [§]
ve-nadiv nedivot yaatz ve-hu al-nedivot yakum.
've-nadiv' means 'and a generous (one)', 'nedivot' is the plural form meaning 'of the generous' or 'the generous ones', 'yaatz' comes from the root Y‑A‑TZ meaning 'he will advise' or 'he will counsel', 've-hu' means 'and he', 'al-nedivot' means 'upon the generous ones', and 'yakum' means 'he will arise' or 'he will stand'.
[ISA.32.9] Women, foolish ones, rise and listen to my voice; daughters, be confident, listen to my saying. [§]
nashim sha'anot komna shma'na koli banot botochot ha'azina imrati.
'nashim' means 'women', 'sha'anot' means 'foolish' or 'senseless', 'komna' is an imperative form meaning 'rise' or 'stand up', 'shma'na' means 'listen' (plural), 'koli' means 'my voice', 'banot' means 'daughters', 'botochot' means 'confident' or 'trusting', 'ha'azina' is an imperative singular meaning 'listen', and 'imrati' means 'my saying' or 'my word'.
[ISA.32.10] Days upon a year you will cause them to be startled, trusting, because the stronghold is finished; I will gather without him coming. [§]
yamim al-shanah tirgaznah botechot ki kalah batzir osef beli yavo.
'yamim' means 'days', 'al-shanah' means 'upon a year' (literally 'on year'), 'tirgaznah' is a verb meaning 'you will cause (them) to be startled or shaken', 'botechot' means 'trusts' or 'confidences', 'ki' means 'because', 'kalah' means 'finished' or 'ended', 'batzir' means 'stronghold' or 'fortress', 'osef' means 'I will gather' or 'collection', 'beli' means 'without', 'yavo' means 'he will come' (future).
[ISA.32.11] Be angry, thornbushes, withered, steadfast, blemished and naked, and girded upon halves. [§]
Hirdhu sha'anannot regazah botchot peshotah ve'ora vachagorah al chaltzayim.
'Hirdhu' means 'be angry' (imperative plural), 'sha'anannot' means 'thornbushes' or 'briers', 'regazah' means 'withered' or 'dry', 'botchot' means 'firm' or 'steadfast', 'peshotah' means 'blemished' or 'splintered', 've'ora' means 'and naked' or 'bare', 'vachagorah' means 'and girded' or 'belted', 'al chaltzayim' means 'upon halves' or 'across the two sides'.
[ISA.32.12] Upon the heavens mourners, upon the fields of desire, upon the fruitful vine. [§]
Al-Shadayim sof'dim al-sdei-hemmed al-gefen poriyah.
'Al' means 'upon' or 'over'. 'Shadayim' means 'the heavens' (dual form). 'Sof'dim' means 'mourners' or 'those who lament'. The second 'al' again means 'upon'. 'Sdei' is the construct form of 'fields', meaning 'fields of'. 'Hemmed' means 'delight' or 'desire'. The third 'al' means 'upon'. 'Gefen' means 'vine'. 'Poriyah' means 'fruitful' or 'bearing fruit'.
[ISA.32.13] Upon the land of my people a thorn flint will rise, because upon all the houses of Mashosh the city Aliza. [§]
al admat ami kots shamir taaleh ki al kol-batei mashosh qirya aliza
'al' means 'upon' or 'on', 'admat' means 'the land' or 'ground', 'ami' means 'my people', 'kots' means 'thorn', 'shamir' means 'flint' or 'hard stone', 'taaleh' means 'will rise' (future third‑person singular), 'ki' means 'because', 'al' again means 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'batei' means 'houses of', 'mashosh' is taken as a proper name (or could denote 'joyful'), 'qirya' means 'city', 'aliza' means 'happy' or is a proper name meaning 'Aliza'.
[ISA.32.14] For a deserted palace, a multitude, a city abandoned, darkness and scrutiny were before the caves forever, delighting the young, the pasture of the flocks. [§]
ki armon nutash hamon ir uzav ofel vavachan haya bead mearot ad-olam meshosh peraim mire adarim.
'ki' means 'for', 'armon' means 'palace', 'nutash' means 'abandoned', 'hamon' means 'multitude', 'ir' means 'city', 'uzav' means 'abandoned', 'ofel' means 'darkness', 'vavachan' means 'and scrutiny', 'haya' means 'was', 'bead' means 'before', 'mearot' means 'caves', 'ad-olam' means 'forever', 'meshosh' means 'delighting', 'peraim' means 'the young ones', 'mire' means 'pasture', 'adarim' means 'flocks'.
[ISA.32.15] Until it becomes forest upon us, a wind from above, and it will be desert to the vineyard, and the vineyard to the forest will be counted. [§]
ad-ye'areh alenu ruach mimarom ve-hayah midbar la-carmel ve-carmel la-ya'ar yechashev.
'ad' means 'until', 'ye'areh' means 'it will become forest', 'alenu' means 'upon us', 'ruach' means 'wind', 'mimarom' means 'from above', 've-hayah' means 'and it will be', 'midbar' means 'desert', 'la-carmel' means 'to the vineyard (or thicket)', 've-carmel' means 'and the vineyard', 'la-ya'ar' means 'to the forest', 'yechashev' means 'will be considered' or 'will be counted'.
[ISA.32.16] Judgment dwells in the wilderness, and righteousness will sit in the vineyard. [§]
ve-shakan ba-midbar mishpat u-tzedakah ba-karmel teshev.
've-shakan' means 'and dwells' (verb), 'ba-midbar' means 'in the wilderness', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'u-tzedakah' means 'and righteousness', 'ba-karmel' means 'in the vineyard', 'teshev' means 'will sit' (future tense).
[ISA.32.17] And the work of righteousness shall be peace, and the service of righteousness shall be quiet and secure forever. [§]
vehayah maaseh hatsedakah shalom vaavodat hatsedakah hashket vabetach ad olam.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'maaseh' means 'work' or 'deed', 'hatsedakah' means 'of righteousness/justice', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'vaavodat' means 'and the service/obligation', 'hashket' means 'quietness' or 'stillness', 'vabetach' means 'and security' or 'trust', 'ad olam' means 'forever' or 'for eternity'.
[ISA.32.18] And my people shall dwell in the house of peace, in secure habitations, and in resting places of lilies. [§]
ve-yashav ammi binve shalom u'vemishkenot mibtachim u've-minuachot sha'anannot.
've' means 'and', 'yashav' means 'dwells' or 'sits', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'binve' means 'in the house' (the word 'binve' literally 'in a dwelling/structure'), 'shalom' means 'peace', 'u'vemishkenot' means 'and in habitations' (plural of 'mishken' = dwelling), 'mibtachim' means 'of trust' or 'secure', 'u've-minuachot' means 'and in rests' or 'resting places', 'sha'anannot' means 'of lilies' (a type of flower, often symbolizing beauty or purity).
[ISA.32.19] And in the cold of the forest, and in humiliation the city will be humbled. [§]
Uvarad beredet hayaar uvasiflah tishfal ha'ir.
'U' means 'and', 'varad' means 'cold' (used adverbially as 'in cold'), 'beredet' means 'in the cold', 'hayaar' means 'the forest', 'u' again means 'and', 'vasiflah' means 'in humiliation' or 'in lowliness', 'tishfal' means 'will be brought down' or 'will be humbled', 'ha'ir' means 'the city'.
[ISA.32.20] Blessed are you who sow upon all waters, those who loosen the foot of the ox and the donkey. [§]
Ashreichem zorei al kol mayim meshalechi regel hashor ve hachamor.
'Ashreichem' means 'blessed are you (plural)', 'zorei' means 'those who sow', 'al' means 'upon', 'kol' means 'all', 'mayim' means 'water', 'meshalechi' means 'those who loosen', 'regel' means 'foot', 'hashor' means 'the ox', 've' means 'and', 'hachamor' means 'the donkey'. The idiom portrays people who are free from heavy labor, symbolized by loosening the foot of the working animals.
ISA.33
[ISA.33.1] Woe to the plunderer, and you are not plundered, and betrayer, and they did not betray him; as your (something) plunderer you will be plundered, as your (something) to betray they will betray you. [§]
hoy shoded ve'atta lo shadud u'voged ve'lo bagdu bo kahetimkha shoded tushad kan'lotkha livgod yivgdu-vakh.
'hoy' means 'woe', 'shoded' means 'plunderer' or 'one who steals', 've'atta' means 'and you', 'lo' means 'not', 'shadud' means 'plundered', 'u'voged' means 'and betrayer', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'bagdu' means 'they betrayed', 'bo' means 'against him/it', 'kahetimkha' means 'as your (something)', 'shoded' repeats 'plunderer', 'tushad' means 'you will be plundered', 'kan'lotkha' means 'as your (something)', 'livgod' means 'to betray', 'yivgdu-vakh' means 'they will betray you'.
[ISA.33.2] Yahveh has shown grace to us, we have hoped in you; be our arm for the cattle, and our salvation in a time of trouble. [§]
Yahveh Chanenu l'cha Kivinu Heyyeh Z'roam Lab'karim af-Yeshuateinu be'et Tzara.
'Yahveh' means the divine name YHVH. 'Chanenu' means 'has shown grace to us' (literally 'has been gracious to us'). 'l'cha' means 'to you'. 'Kivinu' means 'we have hoped' (or 'we have waited'). 'Heyyeh' is the imperative form of 'be'. 'Z'roam' means 'our arm' (literally 'the arm'). 'Lab'karim' means 'for the cattle'. 'af-Yeshuateinu' means 'and our salvation'. 'be''et' means 'in the time of'. 'Tzara' means 'distress' or 'trouble'.
[ISA.33.3] From the voice of the multitude the peoples fled; from your exaltation the nations were shattered. [§]
Miqqol haamon nadddu amim meromemutkha naftsu goyim.
'Miqqol' means 'from the voice', 'haamon' means 'the multitude' (or 'the many'), 'nadddu' means 'they fled' or 'they ran away', 'amim' means 'peoples' or 'nations', 'meromemutkha' means 'from your exaltation' or 'from your high place' (referring to God), 'naftsu' means 'they were broken' or 'they were shattered', 'goyim' means 'nations'.
[ISA.33.4] And your spoil will be gathered; the collection of the worthless is like a flood of the high mountains pouring in it. [§]
veussaf shelalkhem osaf hechasil kemashaq gevim shokeq bo.
"veussaf" means "and will be gathered", "shelalkhem" means "your spoil" or "your plunder", "osaf" means "collection" or "gathering", "hechasil" means "the worthless" or "the idle", "kemashaq" means "like a flood" or "as a pour", "gevim" means "high mountains", "shokeq" means "pouring" or "spilling out", "bo" means "in it".
[ISA.33.5] Exalted is Yahveh, for He dwells on high, Zion is filled with judgment and righteousness. [§]
Nisgav Yahveh ki shokhen marom mille Tziyon mishpat u-tzedakah.
'Nisgav' means 'exalted' (verb form meaning 'is exalted'), 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'shokhen' means 'dwells' (present participle), 'marom' means 'high' or 'the heights', 'mille' means 'filled', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion' (the city of Jerusalem), 'mishpat' means 'judgment' or 'justice', 'u-tzedakah' means 'and righteousness'.
[ISA.33.6] And the faith of your times is the strength of salvation, wisdom and knowledge, the fear of Yahveh; it is his treasure. [§]
vehayah emunat ittecha chosen yeshuot chokhmat vadata yir'at Yahveh hi otzaro.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'emunat' means 'faith' or 'faithfulness', 'ittecha' means 'of your times' or 'your era', 'chosen' means 'strength', 'yeshuot' means 'salvation', 'chokhmat' means 'wisdom', 'vadata' means 'and knowledge', 'yir'at' means 'fear', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHWH, 'hi' means 'it', 'otzaro' means 'his treasure' or 'his store'.
[ISA.33.7] Behold, I will see them shout; across the angels of peace, bitter weeping. [§]
Hehn e-reh-LAHM tsa-AHkoo KHOOT-sah mahl-ah-KEE shah-LOHM mar YIV-ka-YOON.
'Hehn' means 'Behold', 'e-reh-LAHM' means 'I will see them', 'tsa-AHkoo' means 'they shouted' or 'they cried out', 'KHOOT-sah' means 'across' or 'throughout', 'mahl-ah-KEE' means 'angels', 'shah-LOHM' means 'of peace', 'mar' means 'bitter', 'YIV-ka-YOON' means 'they will weep'.
[ISA.33.8] They breathed the Sabbath paths, passing the road, breaking the covenant, hating the cities; no man thought. [§]
nashemu mesillot shabat over orach hefer brit maas arim lo chasav enosh.
'nashemu' means 'they breathed', 'mesillot' means 'paths' (plural), 'shabat' means 'Sabbath' or 'rest day', 'over' means 'passing' (verb), 'orach' means 'road' or 'way', 'hefer' means 'breaking' (verb), 'brit' means 'covenant', 'maas' means 'hateful' or 'detesting', 'arim' means 'cities', 'lo' means 'not', 'chasav' means 'thought' or 'considered', 'enosh' means 'man' or 'human'.
[ISA.33.9] Grief and desolation, the earth, the concealment of Lebanon was humbled; the Sharon was like a raven, and Bashan was stirred, and Carmel. [§]
avál umlelá arets hechpír levanon kámal hayá hasharón ka'aravá ve'no'er bashan ve'karmel.
'avál' means 'grief' or 'mourning'; 'umlelá' means 'desolation'; 'arets' means 'earth' or 'land'; 'hechpír' means 'hides' or 'conceals'; 'Levanon' is the proper name 'Lebanon'; 'kámal' means 'was humbled' or 'became low'; 'hayá' means 'was'; 'hasharón' is a proper name, the region 'Sharon'; 'ka'aravá' means 'like a raven'; 've'no'er' means 'and (it) awoke' or 'stirred up'; 'bashan' is the proper name 'Bashan'; 've'karmel' means 'and (it) [was] Carmel', referring to the region 'Carmel'.
[ISA.33.10] Now I will arise, says Yahveh, now I will lift up, now I will bear. [§]
Atah akum yomar Yahveh atah eromam atah enasse.
'Atah' means 'now', 'akum' means 'I will arise', 'yomar' means 'he says' (referring to Yahveh), 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'atah' again means 'now', 'eromam' means 'I will lift up', 'atah' again means 'now', and 'enasse' means 'I will bear' or 'I will carry'.
[ISA.33.11] Be pure, be still; you will produce a sharp spirit; fire will eat you. [§]
Taharu chashash teledu kash rukhakhem esh tokhalchem.
'Taharu' means 'be pure' or 'purify yourselves', 'chashash' means 'silence' or 'be still', 'teledu' means 'you will give birth' or 'produce', 'kash' is a rare form meaning 'sharp' or 'cutting', 'rukhakhem' means 'your spirit', 'esh' means 'fire', and 'tokhalchem' means 'it will eat you'.
[ISA.33.12] And the nations shall be burning sticks, fire‑brands, cut pieces, scorched in fire; they will be consumed. [§]
vehayu amim misrefot sid kotzim kesuhim baesh yitzattu.
'vehayu' means 'and they shall be', 'amim' means 'nations', 'misrefot' is a plural noun from the root saraph meaning 'burnings' or 'things that are burned', 'sid' is a word for a kind of firebrand or flint used to start fire, 'kotzim' is a plural from the root katsar meaning 'cuttings' or 'sharpened pieces', 'kesuhim' is a plural adjective meaning 'scorched' or 'charred', 'baesh' means 'in fire', and 'yitzattu' is a verb meaning 'they will be consumed' or 'they will be burned'.
[ISA.33.13] Listen, distant ones, what I have done; and know, near ones, my might. [§]
Shimu rechokim asher asiti ude'u kerovim gevurati.
'Shimu' means 'Listen', 'rechokim' means 'distant ones', 'asher' means 'that' or 'what', 'asiti' means 'I have done', 'ude'u' means 'and know', 'kerovim' means 'near ones', 'gevurati' means 'my might' or 'my strength'.
[ISA.33.14] Fear grips Zion, sinners trembling and shaking, the terrified; who will dwell for us? Fire will devour. Who will dwell for us forever? [§]
pachadu beTziyon chattaim achaza reada chanephim mi yagur lanu esh okelah mi-yagur lanu mokdei olam
'pachadu' means 'fear', 'beTziyon' means 'in Zion', 'chattaim' means 'sinners', 'achaza' means 'grips' or 'seizes', 'reada' means 'shaking' or 'tremor', 'chanephim' means 'the terrified', 'mi' means 'who', 'yagur' means 'will dwell', 'lanu' means 'for us', 'esh' means 'fire', 'okelah' means 'will devour', 'mi-yagur' means 'who will dwell', 'mokdei' means 'ends' or 'destinations', 'olam' means 'everlasting' or 'forever'.
[ISA.33.15] Walking in righteousness and speaking among the upright, he gathers in waste the deeds of wickedness; a youth's palm supporting in shame, he shuts his ear from hearing blood, and the strength of his eyes from seeing evil. [§]
holekh tzedakot ve'dover me'yasharim mo'es be'vetsa ma'ashakot no'er kafav mit-moch ba-shochad otem ozeno mi'shmoa damim ve'otsam einav mer'ot be'ra.
'holekh' means 'walking', 'tzedakot' means 'righteousness', 've'dover' means 'and speaks', 'me'yasharim' means 'among the upright', 'mo'es' means 'gathers', 'be'vetsa' means 'in the waste', 'ma'ashakot' means 'acts of wickedness', 'no'er' means 'a youth' (young man), 'kafav' means 'his palm', 'mit-moch' means 'supporting', 'ba-shochad' means 'in shame', 'otem' means 'shuts', 'ozeno' means 'his ear', 'mi'shmoa' means 'from hearing', 'damim' means 'blood', 've'otsam' means 'and the strength of', 'einav' means 'his eyes', 'mer'ot' means 'from seeing', 'be'ra' means 'evil'.
[ISA.33.16] He is exalted, He will dwell in the lofty strongholds of the rocks; his firm support, his bread is given, his waters are faithful. [§]
Hu meromim yishkon metsadot sela'im misgabbo lachmo nitan meimav ne'emanim.
'Hu' means 'He'. 'meromim' means 'exalted' or 'high places'. 'yishkon' means 'will dwell'. 'metsadot' means 'strongholds' or 'fortresses'. 'sela'im' means 'rocks' or 'rocky places'. 'misgabbo' means 'its support' or 'its firm foundation'. 'lachmo' means 'his bread'. 'nitan' means 'is given'. 'meimav' means 'its waters'. 'ne'emanim' means 'faithful' or 'trustworthy'. The verse as a whole portrays God as exalted, dwelling in lofty rock strongholds, providing sustenance and faithful waters.
[ISA.33.17] King, in his beauty your eyes shall see, you shall see a distant land. [§]
Melekh be-yafyo techezeina einecha tir'eina eretz marhakeim.
'Melekh' means 'king', 'be-yafyo' means 'in his beauty', 'techezeina' means 'shall you see', 'einecha' means 'your eyes', 'tir'eina' means 'shall [you] see', 'eretz' means 'land' or 'country', 'marhakeim' means 'faraway places' or 'distant lands'. The clause repeats the idea of seeing, emphasizing that the king's eyes will behold a distant land.
[ISA.33.18] Your heart will wander, what? where is the counter, where is the weigher, where is the counter of the towers. [§]
Livvecha yehegeh eimah ayyeh sofer ayyeh shokel ayyeh sofer et-hamigdalim.
'Livvecha' means 'your heart', 'yehegeh' means 'will wander' or 'will go about', 'eimah' means 'what?' (a rhetorical question), 'ayyeh' means 'where', 'sofer' means 'counter' or 'accountant' (one who counts), 'shokel' means 'weigher' (one who measures by weight), the second 'sofer' repeats the same meaning, and 'et-hamigdalim' means 'the towers' (with the direct‑object marker et).
[ISA.33.19] You will not see the bold people, a people of deep tongue; by hearing they are mocked, the tongue has no understanding. [§]
et-am no'az lo tir'eh am imke safah mishmo'a nilag lashon ein bina.
'et-am' means 'the people' (the object marker et plus am), 'no'az' means 'bold' or 'courageous', 'lo' means 'not', 'tir'eh' means 'you will see' (2nd person masculine singular), 'am' means 'people', 'imke' means 'deep' (construct state, 'of the depth'), 'safah' means 'tongue' or 'speech', 'mishmo'a' means 'by hearing' or 'from hearing', 'nilag' means 'they are mocked' or 'they will be ridiculed', 'lashon' means 'tongue' or 'language', 'ein' means 'no' or 'none', 'bina' means 'understanding' or 'intelligence'.
[ISA.33.20] Behold Zion, the city of our appointed time; your eyes will see Jerusalem, a tranquil dwelling. Its tent shall not be broken, shall not depart, its foundations forever, and all its cords shall not be cut. [§]
Chazeh Tziyon Qiryat Mo'adenun Ein-echa tir'einah Yerushalayim naveh Sha'anan Ohel bal-yits'an bal-yisa yetedotav lanetzach vechol-chavlav bal-yinateku.
'Chazeh' means 'Behold', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion', 'Qiryat' means 'city', 'Mo'adenun' means 'of our appointed (time/meeting)', 'Ein-echa' means 'your eyes', 'tir'einah' means 'will see', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'naveh' means 'dwelling' or 'rest', 'Sha'anan' means 'tranquil' or 'peaceful', 'Ohel' means 'tent', 'bal-yits'an' means 'shall not be broken', 'bal-yisa' means 'shall not depart', 'yetedotav' means 'its foundations', 'lanetzach' means 'forever', 'vechol-chavlav' means 'and all its cords', 'bal-yinateku' means 'shall not be cut'.
[ISA.33.21] For if there is Mighty Yahveh for us, a place of rivers and streams, the breadth of hands, do not walk in it, O wicked one, and the Mighty One will not cross it. [§]
Ki im-sham Adir Yahveh lanu makom-neharim yeorim rachavei yadaim bal telekh bo oni-shayit ve tzi Adir lo ya'avrenu.
'Ki' means 'for', 'im-sham' means 'if there', 'Adir' means 'Mighty', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'lanu' means 'for us', 'makom-neharim' means 'place of rivers', 'yeorim' means 'streams', 'rachavei yadaim' means 'the breadth of hands', 'bal' means 'do not', 'telekh' means 'walk', 'bo' means 'in it', 'oni-shayit' means 'O wicked one', 've' means 'and', 'tzi' means 'the Mighty One', 'lo' means 'not', 'ya'avrenu' means 'will cross it'.
[ISA.33.22] For Yahveh is our judge, Yahveh is our lawgiver, Yahveh is our king, he will save us. [§]
Ki Yahveh shoftenu Yahveh mechokkeinu Yahveh malkeinu hu yosheinu.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'Yahveh' is the name of the LORD (YHVH), 'shoftenu' combines 'shoft' (judge) with the suffix 'nu' (us) meaning 'our judge', 'mechokkeinu' comes from the root 'chok' (law) with a verb pattern indicating 'makes us a law' or 'is our lawgiver', 'malkeinu' is 'our king', 'hu' means 'he', and 'yosheinu' means 'will save us'.
[ISA.33.23] They have cast off your cords; they do not strengthen them, so they wail. They do not spread a banner. Then it was divided for plunder, many Passover festivals were scorned. [§]
nitshu chavlayich bal yechazku ken-tarnam bal parsuu nes az chulak ad-shalal marbeh pisachim bazzu baz.
'nitshu' means 'they have cast off', 'chavlayich' means 'your cords' (your ties), 'bal' means 'do not' (negation), 'yechazku' means 'strengthen', 'ken-tarnam' means 'so they shall wail', 'parsuu' means 'spread out', 'nes' means 'banner' or 'sign', 'az' means 'then', 'chulak' means 'was divided', 'ad-shalal' means 'to plunder', 'marbeh' means 'many' or 'much', 'pisachim' means 'Passover festivals', 'bazzu' means 'they despised' or 'scorned', 'baz' means 'scorn' or 'contempt'.
[ISA.33.24] And let not the dweller say, I am sick; the people who live in it bear sin. [§]
Ubal-yoamar shachen chaliti haam hayoshev ba nasu avon.
'Ubal-yoamar' means 'and let not (someone) say', 'shachen' means 'dweller' or 'neighbor', 'chaliti' means 'I have become sick' or 'I was sick', 'haam' means 'the people', 'hayoshev' means 'who dwell', 'ba' means 'in it', 'nasu' means 'bear' or 'carry', 'avon' means 'sin' or 'guilt'.
ISA.34
[ISA.34.1] Draw near, nations, to hear, and peoples, listen attentively; let the earth hear, and its fullness, the world and all its offspring. [§]
Kirbu goyim lishmo'a u'le'umim hakshiv'u tishma ha'aretz u'melo'ah tevel vechol tze'etsah.
'Kirbu' means 'draw near' (imperative plural), 'goyim' means 'nations', 'lishmo'a' means 'to hear', 'u'le'umim' means 'and peoples', 'hakshiv'u' means 'listen attentively', 'tishma' means 'let hear', 'ha'aretz' means 'the earth', 'u'melo'ah' means 'and its fullness', 'tevel' means 'the world', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'tze'etsah' means 'its offspring' or 'its produce'.
[ISA.34.2] For the wrath of Yahveh is against all the nations and anger is against all their armies; he destroyed them, gave them over to the slaughter. [§]
Ki ketsef Yahveh al kol haggoyim vechemah al kol tzevam hecherimam netanam latavach.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ketsef' means 'wrath', 'Yahveh' is the divine name YHVH, 'al' means 'against', 'kol' means 'all', 'haggoyim' means 'the nations', 'vechemah' means 'and anger', 'tzevam' means 'their armies', 'hecherimam' means 'he destroyed them', 'netanam' means 'he gave them over', 'latavach' means 'to the slaughter'.
[ISA.34.3] And their waste will be cast, and their corpses will rise in fire, and the mountains will be smitten from their blood. [§]
vechalleihem yushlachu ufigrehem ya'aleh ba'asham ve-namasu harim midamam.
'vechalleihem' means 'and their waste or defilements', 'yushlachu' means 'they will be cast', 'ufigrehem' means 'their bodies or corpses', 'ya'aleh' means 'will rise or go up', 'ba'asham' means 'in fire', 've-namasu' means 'and they will be smitten', 'harim' means 'the mountains', 'midamam' means 'from their blood'.
[ISA.34.4] And all the hosts of the heavens receded, and the book of the heavens was scattered, and all their hosts will be soaked like a vine branch from a grapevine and like a palm from a date‑palm. [§]
ve-namakku kol-tzeva ha-shamayim ve-nagollu kassefer ha-shamayim ve-kol-tzevaam yivol kinbol aleh migofen u-kenovelet mit-einah.
've' means 'and', 'namakku' means 'were distant' or 'receded', 'kol' means 'all', 'tzeva' means 'host' or 'army', 'ha-shamayim' means 'the heavens', 've' again 'and', 'nagollu' means 'were scattered' or 'were turned', 'kassefer' means 'the book', 'ha-shamayim' again 'the heavens', 've' 'and', 'kol' 'all', 'tzevaam' 'their hosts', 'yivol' means 'will be drenched' or 'will be soaked', 'kinbol' means 'like a vine branch', 'aleh' means 'from', 'migofen' means 'a grapevine', 'u' means 'and', 'kenovelet' means 'like a palm' (literally 'like a palm tree'), 'mit-einah' means 'from a date-palm'.
[ISA.34.5] Because my sword is drawn in the heavens, behold, it will descend upon Edom and upon my people for judgment. [§]
Ki-ruvta ba-shamayim charbi hineh al-Edom tereh ve-al am chermi le-mishpat.
'Ki' means 'because', 'ruvta' (from the root ruv) means 'is drawn' or 'is bent', 'ba-shamayim' means 'in the heavens', 'charbi' means 'my sword', 'hineh' means 'behold' or 'look', 'al-Edom' means 'upon Edom', 'tere' means 'will descend', 've-al' means 'and upon', 'am' means 'people', 'chermi' (from cherem) means 'my devoted/banished', 'le-mishpat' means 'for judgment'.
[ISA.34.6] A sword to Yahveh is full of blood, sanctified from milk, from blood of cattle and goats, from milk of young goats and oxen, because a sacrifice to Yahveh in battle and a great feast in the land of Edom. [§]
cherev layahveh maleh dam hudashnah mechelev midam karim veatodim mechelev kilayot eileim ki zevach layahveh bevatzrah vetevach gadol beeretz edom.
'cherev' means 'sword', 'layahveh' means 'to Yahveh' (YHVH translated as Yahveh), 'maleh' means 'full', 'dam' means 'blood', 'hudashnah' means 'was sanctified', 'mechelev' means 'from milk', 'midam' means 'from blood', 'karim' means 'cattle', 'veatodim' means 'and goats', 'kilayot' means 'young goats', 'eileim' means 'oxen', 'ki' means 'because', 'zevach' means 'sacrifice', 'bevatzrah' means 'in battle', 'vetevach' means 'and a great feast', 'gadol' means 'great', 'beeretz' means 'in the land', 'edom' means 'Edom'.
[ISA.34.7] And the wild oxen will go down with them, and the bulls with the mighty, and their land will be poured out with blood, and their dust will be washed with milk. [§]
ve-yardu re'emim imam u-parim im-avirim ve-rivta artzam mi-dam va-afaram me-chelev yedushan.
've-yardu' means 'and they will go down', 're''emim' means 'wild oxen' (often rendered as 'strong oxen' or 'unicorns'), 'imam' means 'with them', 'u-parim' means 'and bulls', 'im-avirim' means 'with the mighty' (avirim = 'mighty men'), 've-rivta' means 'and will be poured out' or 'and will be spread', 'artzam' means 'their land', 'mi-dam' means 'from blood', 'va-afaram' means 'and their dust', 'me-chelev' means 'from milk', 'yedushan' means 'will be washed' or 'will be cleansed'.
[ISA.34.8] For the day of vengeance belongs to Yahveh; it is a year of repayment for the conflict of Zion. [§]
Ki yom nakam laYahveh shenat shillumim le-riv tziyon.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'yom' means 'day', 'nakam' means 'vengeance' or 'retribution', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh' (the LORD), 'shenat' means 'the year of', 'shillumim' means 'payments', 'recompense' or 'settlement', 'le-riv' means 'for the conflict' or 'for the quarrel', 'tziyon' means 'Zion'.
[ISA.34.9] And its rivers shall be turned into copper, and its dust into sulphur, and its land shall become burning copper. [§]
Ve nehefku nechaleyha lezeffet vaafarah legafrit vehayetah artsah lezeffet boerah.
'Ve' means 'and', 'nehefku' means 'shall be turned' (passive verb), 'nechaleyha' means 'its streams' (her rivers), 'lezeffet' means 'to copper/bronze', 'vaafarah' means 'and its dust', 'legafrit' means 'to sulphur', 'vehayetah' means 'and shall become', 'artsah' means 'its land', 'lezeffet' again means 'to copper/bronze', 'boerah' means 'burning' or 'flaming'.
[ISA.34.10] Night and day it will not be extinguished; forever the fire will rise, from generation to generation it will be kindled, forever eternally, there is none who passes through it. [§]
Laylah ve-yomam lo tikbeh le-olam ya'aleh ashnah midor lador techarev le-nesach netsachim ein over ba.
'Laylah' means 'night', 've' means 'and', 'yomam' means 'day', 'lo' means 'not', 'tikbeh' means 'will be extinguished', 'le-olam' means 'forever', 'ya'aleh' means 'will rise', 'ashnah' means 'fire', 'midor' means 'from generation', 'lador' means 'to generation', 'techarev' means 'will be kindled', 'le-nesach' means 'forever', 'netsachim' means 'eternally', 'ein' means 'there is none', 'over' means 'passing', 'ba' means 'in it'.
[ISA.34.11] And they will inherit it, Kaat and Kipod and Yanshof and Orev will dwell in it, and a line of chaos was stretched over it and the stones of emptiness. [§]
vireshuhu kaat vekipod veyanshof veorev yishkenu-ba venata aleha kav-tohu veavnei-bohu.
'vireshuhu' means 'and they will inherit it', 'kaat' is a proper name or unknown term, 'vekipod' means 'and Kipod' (a name), 'veyanshof' means 'and Yanshof' (a name), 'veorev' means 'and Orev' (a name), 'yishkenu-ba' means 'will dwell in it', 'venata' means 'and was stretched', 'aleha' means 'over it', 'kav-tohu' means 'a line of chaos', 'veavnei-bohu' means 'and the stones of emptiness'.
[ISA.34.12] Her emptiness and there is no kingdom they will call, and all his princes will be none. [§]
choreiha ve'eyn-sham melukah yikrau vechol-sareihu yihyu afes.
'choreiha' means 'her emptiness', 've'eyn' means 'and there is not', 'sham' means 'there', 'melukah' means 'kingdom', 'yikrau' means 'they will call', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'sareihu' means 'his princes', 'yihyu' means 'they will be', 'afes' means 'none'.
[ISA.34.13] And her pavilions rose, ribbons, tapestries and embroidery in its forts, and it became a nest of crocodiles, grass for building a garden. [§]
Ve'altah armnoteyha sirim kimmos vachoach be-mivtzerayha ve-hayetah neve tannim chatzir livnot ya'ana.
'Ve' means 'and'; 'altah' means 'she rose' or 'went up'; 'armnoteyha' means 'her pavilions' (plural of armona, a lofty building); 'sirim' means 'ribbons' or 'cords'; 'kimmos' means 'a woven cloth' or 'tapestry'; 'vachoach' means 'and embroidery' (from choach, a type of decorative stitching); 'be-mivtzerayha' means 'in her forts' (plural of mivtzar, a fortified place); 've-hayetah' means 'and it became'; 'neve' means 'a nest'; 'tannim' means 'crocodiles' or 'large sea beasts (tannims)'; 'chatzir' means 'grass' or 'straw'; 'livnot' means 'for building'; 'ya'ana' means 'a garden' or 'a planting area'.
[ISA.34.14] And goats met rams, and a goat upon his companion will call; only there Lilith was calmed and she was filled with rest. [§]
U'pagshu tziyim et iyim ve'sa'ir al-re'ehu yikra ach-sham hirgi'ah Lilith u'matze'ah lah manoch.
'U' means 'and', 'pagshu' means 'they met', 'tziyim' means 'goats', 'et' is the accusative particle (often left untranslated), 'iyim' means 'rams', 've' means 'and', 'sa'ir' means 'the goat', 'al' means 'upon' or 'on', 're'ehu' means 'his companion', 'yikra' means 'will call', 'ach' means 'only', 'sham' means 'there', 'hirgi'ah' means 'was calmed' or 'became quiet', 'Lilith' is a proper name, 'u' means 'and', 'matze'ah' means 'filled', 'lah' means 'her', 'manoch' means 'rest' or 'a place of rest'.
[ISA.34.15] There a young goat was bought, and it escaped, and it broke, and it became heavy in its shade; only there were gathered the daughters of a woman's herd. [§]
shamma kinnah kipoz vatemalet uvaqa ve-dagreh be-tzilah ach-sham nikbetsu dayot isha re'utah.
'shamma' means 'there'; 'kinnah' is the feminine past verb meaning 'she bought' or 'was bought'; 'kipoz' means 'young goat' or 'kid'; 'vatemalet' means 'and she escaped' or 'and she saved herself'; 'uvaqa' means 'and she broke' or 'and she burst'; 've-dagreh' means 'and she became heavy' or 'and she grew pregnant'; 'be-tzilah' means 'in her shade' or 'in its shadow'; 'ach-sham' means 'only there' (ach = only, sham = there); 'nikbetsu' means 'they were gathered'; 'dayot' means 'daughters' (plural of 'daya'); 'isha' means 'woman' (genitive, 'of a woman'); 're'utah' means 'her herd' or 'her flock'.
[ISA.34.16] Seek from the book Yahveh and read one of it; it is not chosen, a woman her herd is not appointed, for the mouth has commanded and its spirit has gathered them. [§]
Dirshu me'al sefer Yahveh u'k'rau achat mehenna lo ne'adara ishah re'uta lo pakadu ki pi hu tzivah ve'rucho hu kibetzan.
'Dirshu' means 'Seek' (imperative plural). 'me'al' means 'from' or 'above'. 'sefer' means 'book' or 'scroll'. 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH. 'u'k'rau' means 'and read' (imperative plural). 'achat' means 'one' (feminine). 'mehenna' means 'of it' or 'from it'. 'lo' means 'not'. 'ne'adara' means 'will be chosen' or 'is not selected'. 'ishah' means 'woman'. 're'uta' means 'her herd' or 'her flock'. 'lo' again means 'not'. 'pakadu' means 'they have appointed' or 'they have marked'. 'ki' means 'for' or 'because'. 'pi' means 'mouth'. 'hu' means 'it' (referring to the book). 'tzivah' means 'has commanded'. 've'rucho' means 'and his spirit'. 'hu' again means 'it'. 'kibetzan' means 'has gathered them' or 'has collected them'.
[ISA.34.17] And he cast the lot for them, and his hand allotted it to them in the line; forever they shall inherit it, for generation after generation they will dwell in it. [§]
vehu hupil lahen goral veyado chilkatta lahem bakkav ad olam yirashhuha ledor vador yishkenu bah.
'vehu' means 'and he', referring to the divine agent; 'hupil' means 'cast down' or 'made fall'; 'lahen' means 'to them'; 'goral' means 'lot' or 'portion'; 'veyado' means 'and his hand'; 'chilkatta' means 'divided' or 'allotted'; 'lahem' means 'to them'; 'bakkav' means 'in the line' or 'in the allotted portion'; 'ad olam' means 'forever'; 'yirashhuha' means 'they shall inherit it'; 'ledor vador' means 'from generation to generation'; 'yishkenu bah' means 'they will dwell in it'.
ISA.35
[ISA.35.1] Let the desert rejoice, let the wilderness be glad, and let the dry land blossom like a lily. [§]
Yeshusum midbar ve-tziyah ve-tagel aravah ve-tifrach ka-havatzaleth.
'Yeshusum' means 'let (it) rejoice', 'midbar' means 'desert' or 'wilderness', 've-tziyah' means 'and the wilderness', 've-tagel' means 'and let (it) become glad', 'aravah' means 'dry land' or 'desert', 've-tifrach' means 'and let (it) bloom', 'ka-havatzaleth' means 'like a lily' (a fragrant lily).
[ISA.35.2] Bloom, you shall blossom and rejoice, oh the joy and singing; the glory of Lebanon is given to her, the splendor of the vine and the orchard. They will see the glory of Yahveh, the splendor of our the Gods. [§]
Paroch tifrach ve-tagel af gilat ve-rannen kevod haLavanon nittan la hadar hakarmel vehasharon hemma yir'u kevod Yahveh hadar haEloheinu.
'Paroch' means 'to bloom', 'tifrach' means 'you will blossom', 've' means 'and', 'tagel' means 'you will rejoice', 'af' means 'oh', 'gilat' means 'the joy', 've' means 'and', 'rannen' means 'to sing', 'kevod' means 'glory', 'haLavanon' means 'the Lebanon', 'nittan' means 'is given', 'la' means 'to her', 'hadar' means 'splendor', 'hakarmel' means 'the vine', 've' means 'and', 'hasharon' means 'the orchard', 'hemma' means 'they', 'yir'u' means 'will see', 'kevod' means 'glory', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hadar' means 'splendor', 'haEloheinu' combines 'ha' (the) with 'Eloheinu' (our Elohim), which is translated literally as 'our the Gods'.
[ISA.35.3] Strengthen weak hands and feeble hips, be strong. [§]
Hazeku yadayim raphot uvirchayim koshlot ametzou.
'Hazeku' means 'strengthen' (imperative plural), 'yadayim' means 'hands', 'raphot' means 'weak' (feminine plural), 'uvirchayim' means 'and hips', 'koshlot' means 'feeble' or 'weak' (feminine plural), 'ametzo' means 'be strong' (imperative plural).
[ISA.35.4] Say to the swift-hearted, be strong, do not be afraid; behold your God, revenge will come, the recompense of the Gods, he will come and will save you. [§]
Imru le-nimharei-lev hizku al-tira'u hineh Eloheichem nakam yavo gemul Elohim hu yavo ve-yosha'akhem.
'Imru' means 'say', 'le-nimharei-lev' means 'to the swift of heart', 'hizku' means 'be strong', 'al-tira\'u' means 'do not be afraid', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'Eloheichem' means 'your God', 'nakam' means 'revenge', 'yavo' means 'will come', 'gemul' means 'recompense' or 'reward', 'Elohim' means 'the Gods', 'hu' means 'he', 'yavo' means 'will come' again, 've-yosha\'akhem' means 'and will save you'.
[ISA.35.5] Then the eyes of the blind will be opened, and the ears of the deaf will be opened. [§]
Az tipakkachna einai ivrim veaznei chereshim tipatchna.
'Az' means 'then', 'tipakkachna' means 'will be opened' (passive future of the verb open), 'einai' means 'eyes of', 'ivrim' means 'the blind', 'veaznei' means 'and the ears of', 'chereshim' means 'the deaf', 'tipatchna' means 'will be opened' (passive future of the verb open).
[ISA.35.6] Then he will leap like a stag, a leaper, and will shout the tongue to silence because waters burst forth in the wilderness and streams in the desert. [§]
az yidaleg ka'ayal pisseach vetaron leshon ilem ki nivke'u bamidbar mayim unechalim ba'aravah.
'az' means 'then', 'yidaleg' means 'will leap', 'ka'ayal' means 'like a stag', 'pisseach' means 'leaper' or 'sprinter', 'vetaron' means 'and will shout' or 'trumpet', 'leshon' means 'tongue', 'ilem' means 'silence' or 'speechless', 'ki' means 'because', 'nivke'u' means 'they burst forth', 'bamidbar' means 'in the wilderness', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'unechalim' means 'and streams', 'ba'aravah' means 'in the desert'.
[ISA.35.7] And the desert shall become a pool, and the thirsty shall have water to drink; a dwelling of crocodiles, a field of reeds for the cattle and the pasture. [§]
vehayah hashsharab laagam ve-tzimmaon le-mabuei mayim binve tanim ribtzah chatsir lekaneh vagome.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'hashsharab' means 'the desert', 'laagam' means 'to a pool', 've-tzimmaon' means 'and the thirsty', 'le-mabuei' means 'for drinkers', 'mayim' means 'water', 'binve' means 'in the house of', 'tanim' means 'crocodiles', 'ribtzah' means 'its dwelling', 'chatsir' means 'reed', 'lekaneh' means 'for the cattle', 'vagome' means 'and pasture'.
[ISA.35.8] And there shall be a path and a road, and the holy way shall be called to it; no unclean one shall pass through it, and it is for those who walk the way, and fools shall not stray. [§]
ve-hayah-sham maslul va-derech ve-derekh ha-kodesh yikarei lah lo-ya'averenu tamei ve-hu-lamo holekh derekh ve-evilim lo yitu.
've' means 'and', 'hayah' means 'shall be', 'sham' means 'there', 'maslul' means 'path', 'va' means 'and', 'derech' means 'road', 've' again 'and', 'derekh' means 'way', 'ha' means 'the', 'kodesh' means 'holy', 'yikarei' means 'shall be called', 'lah' means 'to it', 'lo' means 'not', 'ya'averenu' means 'shall pass through it', 'tamei' means 'unclean', 've' means 'and', 'hu' means 'it', 'lamo' means 'for them', 'holekh' means 'walking', 'derekh' means 'the way', 've' means 'and', 'evilim' means 'fools', 'lo' means 'not', 'yitu' means 'shall stray'.
[ISA.35.9] There will not be a lion there, and a beast that tears animals will not go up; you will not find it there, and the redeemed will go. [§]
Lo yihye sham aryeh ufritz chayot bal ya'alena lo timatze sham vehalchu geulim.
'Lo' means 'not' or 'there will not be'. 'Yihye' means 'will be'. 'Sham' means 'there'. 'Aryeh' means 'lion'. 'U' is the conjunction 'and'. 'Fritz' means 'tear apart' or 'rip'. 'Chayot' means 'animals' or 'living creatures'. 'Bal' means 'not' (a negative particle). 'Ya'alena' means 'will go up' or 'will ascend'. 'Lo' again means 'not'. 'Timatze' means 'you will find'. 'Sham' again means 'there'. 'Ve' is the conjunction 'and'. 'Halchu' means 'they walked' or 'they go'. 'Geulim' means 'the redeemed' or 'the exiles' (literally 'those who are taken out').
[ISA.35.10] And the redeemed of Yahveh shall return, and they shall come to Zion with a shout of joy, and everlasting joy upon their heads; gladness and joy they will attain, and sorrow and lamentation shall flee. [§]
Ufeduyei Yahveh yeshvun uva'u Zion berinnah v'simchat olam al rosham sason v'simcha yasigu v'nasu yagon va'anacha.
'U' means 'and', 'feduyei' means 'the redeemed', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'yeshvun' means 'will return', 'uva'u' means 'they will come', 'Zion' is the place name, 'berinnah' means 'with a shout of joy', 'v'simchat' means 'and the joy of', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 'al' means 'upon', 'rosham' means 'their heads', 'sason' means 'gladness', 'v'simcha' means 'and joy', 'yasigu' means 'they will attain', 'v'nasu' means 'and they will flee', 'yagon' means 'sorrow', 'va'anacha' means 'and lamentation'.
ISA.36
[ISA.36.1] And it happened in the fourteenth year of King Hezekiah that Sennacherib king of Assyria came against all the fortified cities of Judah, and captured them. [§]
Vayehi be'arba esreh shanah lammelekh Hezekiyahu alah Sennacherib melech Assur al kol-arei Yehudah habetsurot vayitpesham.
'Vayehi' means 'and it happened', 'be'arba esreh shanah' means 'in the fourteenth year', 'lammelekh Hezekiyahu' means 'to the king Hezekiah', 'alah Sennacherib' means 'came Sennacherib', 'melech Assur' means 'king of Assyria', 'al kol-arei Yehudah' means 'against all the cities of Judah', 'habetsurot' means 'the fortified (ones)', 'vayitpesham' means 'and captured them'.
[ISA.36.2] And the king of Assyria sent Rabshakeh from Lachish to Jerusalem to the king Hezekiah with a heavy force, and he stood at the top of the upper pool on the road of the field of Koves. [§]
Vayishlach melech Assur et Rav Shakeh mil Kish Yerushalaymah el ha-melekh Hezekiyahu be-cheil kaved vayamod bi-te'alat ha-berekha ha-elyona bimisilat sdeh Koves.
'Vayishlach' means 'and he sent', 'melech' means 'king', 'Assur' means 'Assyria', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'Rav Shakeh' is a personal name, 'mil Kish' means 'from Lachish', 'Yerushalaymah' means 'Jerusalem', 'el' means 'to', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Hezekiyahu' means 'Hezekiah', 'be-cheil' means 'with a heavy (force)', 'kaved' means 'heavy', 'vayamod' means 'and he stood', 'bi-te'alat' means 'at the top of', 'ha-berekha' means 'the pool', 'ha-elyona' means 'the upper', 'bimisilat' means 'on the road of', 'sdeh' means 'field', 'Koves' is a place name.
[ISA.36.3] And went out to him Eliyakim son of Hilkiah who was over the house, and Shebna the scribe, and Yoach son of Asaf the recorder. [§]
vayetse elav Eliyakim ben-Hilqiyahu asher al-habbeit veShebna ha-sofer veYoach ben-Asaf hamazkir.
'vayetse' means 'and went out', 'elav' means 'to him', 'Eliyakim' is a personal name, 'ben-Hilqiyahu' means 'son of Hilkiah', 'asher' means 'who', 'al-habbeit' means 'over the house', 'veShebna' means 'and Shebna', 'ha-sofer' means 'the scribe', 'veYoach' means 'and Yoach', 'ben-Asaf' means 'son of Asaf', 'hamazkir' means 'the recorder'.
[ISA.36.4] And Rabshakeh said to them, 'Please tell Hezekiah, thus says the great king, king of Assyria: What is this stronghold that you have trusted in?' [§]
Vayomer aleihem Rav-Shakeh imru na el Hizqiyahu ko amar ha-melekh ha-gadol melekh Ashur ma ha-bittachon hazeh asher batakhta.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'Rav-Shakeh' is the name of the official, 'imru' means 'say', 'na' is a polite particle meaning 'please', 'el' means 'to', 'Hizqiyahu' is the Hebrew name 'Hezekiah', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'ha-gadol' means 'the great', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Ashur' means 'of Assyria', 'ma' means 'what', 'ha-bittachon' means 'the stronghold', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'batakhta' means 'you have trusted'.
[ISA.36.5] I said only a spoken word, counsel and strength for battle; now, upon whom have you trusted, because you have rebelled against me. [§]
amarti akh-devar-sfatayim etzah ugevurah lamilchamah attah al-mi batachtah ki maradta bi.
'amarti' means 'I said', 'akh-devar-sfatayim' means 'only a word of two lips' (i.e., only a spoken word), 'etzah' means 'counsel', 'ugevurah' means 'and strength', 'lamilchamah' means 'for battle', 'attah' means 'now', 'al-mi' means 'upon whom', 'batachtah' means 'you trusted', 'ki' means 'because', 'maradta' means 'you rebelled', 'bi' means 'against me'.
[ISA.36.6] Behold, you have trusted in the lowly, sprouting, swift branch that is over Egypt, which a man will lean upon; and he will come with his hand and his weakness, so Pharaoh, king of Egypt, over all those who trust in him. [§]
Hineh batachta al mish'enet haqaneh haratzutz hazeh al Mitzrayim asher yisamekh ish alav uva bechapoh unekavah ken Par'oh melekh Mitzrayim lechol habot'khim alav.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'batachta' means 'you have trusted', 'al' means 'in', 'mish'enet' means 'the lowly branch', 'haqaneh' means 'the sprouting', 'haratzutz' means 'the swift/quick', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'al Mitzrayim' means 'over Egypt', 'asher' means 'which', 'yisamekh' means 'a man will lean upon', 'ish' means 'a man', 'alav' means 'upon it', 'uva' means 'and he will come', 'bechapoh' means 'with his hand or palm', 'unekavah' means 'and his weakness or hole', 'ken' means 'so', 'Par'oh' means 'Pharaoh', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Mitzrayim' means 'of Egypt', 'lechol' means 'over all', 'habot'khim' means 'those who trust', 'alav' means 'in him'.
[ISA.36.7] And if you say to me, 'to Yahveh the Gods we have trusted, is not He who removed Hezekiah his altars and his shrines?' and he said to Judah and to Jerusalem, 'Before this altar you shall worship.' [§]
veki tomar elai el Yahveh Elohim batachnu halo hu asher hesir Chizkiyahu et bamotav ve et mizbechotav vayomar liYehudah ve liYerushalayim lifnei hamizbeach hazeh tishtechavu.
'veki' means 'and if', 'tomar' means 'you will say', 'elai' means 'to me', 'el' means 'to', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHWH, 'Elohim' means 'the Gods', 'batachnu' means 'we have trusted', 'halo hu' means 'is not he', 'asher' means 'who', 'hesir' means 'removed', 'Chizkiyahu' is the name Hezekiah, 'et' is the direct object marker, 'bamotav' means 'his altars', 've' means 'and', 'mizbechotav' means 'his shrines/altars', 'vayomar' means 'and he said', 'liYehudah' means 'to Judah', 'liYerushalayim' means 'to Jerusalem', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'hamizbeach' means 'the altar', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'tishtechavu' means 'you shall worship'.
[ISA.36.8] Now, please bring together my Lord the king of Assyria and I will give you two thousand horses if you are able to give you riders upon them. [§]
Ve'atah hite'arev na et-Adoni haMelekh Assur ve'etna lekha alpayim susim im-tuchal latet lekha rokhvim aleihem.
'Ve'atah' means 'and now', 'hite'arev' is an imperative form meaning 'let us bring together' or 'gather', 'na' is a polite particle meaning 'please', 'et-Adoni' literally 'my Lord' (Adoni translated as my Lord), 'haMelekh' means 'the king', 'Assur' is the name of the nation Assyria, 've'etna' means 'and I will give', 'lekha' means 'to you', 'alpayim' means 'two thousand', 'susim' means 'horses', 'im-tuchal' means 'if you can', 'latet' means 'to give', 'lekha' again 'to you', 'rokhvim' means 'riders', 'aleihem' means 'upon them'.
[ISA.36.9] And how will you return the face of a broken piece, one of my Lord's little servants, and you have trusted in you concerning Egypt for a carriage and for horsemen. [§]
ve'ech tashiv et p'nei pachat achad avdei adoni hakatannim vativtach lecha al Mitzrayim le-rechav u-leparashim.
've'ech' means 'and how', 'tashiv' means 'you will return', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'p'nei' means 'face of', 'pachat' means 'piece' or 'shard', 'achad' means 'one', 'avdei' means 'servants of', 'adoni' means 'my Lord', 'hakatannim' means 'the little ones', 'vativtach' means 'and you have trusted', 'lecha' means 'to you' or 'for you', 'al' means 'upon' or 'concerning', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'le-rechav' means 'to a carriage', 'u-leparashim' means 'and to horsemen'.
[ISA.36.10] Now the ones beyond Yahveh I have gone up upon this land to destroy it. Yahveh said to me, "Go up onto this land and destroy it." [§]
ve'atah hamibbal'adi Yahweh aliti al haaretz hazot lehashchitah Yahweh amar elai aleh el haaretz hazot vehashchitah.
've'atah' means 'now', 'hamibbal'adi' means 'those who are beyond', 'Yahweh' is the divine name YHVH, transliterated as 'Yahweh', 'aliti' means 'I have gone up', 'al' means 'upon', 'haaretz' means 'the land', 'hazot' means 'this', 'lehashchitah' means 'to destroy it', 'amar' means 'said', 'elai' means 'to me', 'aleh' means 'go up', 'vehashchitah' means 'and destroy it'.
[ISA.36.11] And Eliakim, Shebna, and Yoach said to the chief official, "Please speak to your servants in Aramaic, for we are listening, and do not speak to us in Judahite in the ears of the people who are on the wall." [§]
Vayomer Eliyakim veShebna veYoach el-Rav Shakheh daber-na el-avadecha Aramit ki shomeim anachnu ve-al tedaber eileinu Yehudit be'oznei haam asher al hachomah.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Eliyakim' is a personal name meaning 'My God raises' (note: 'El' is rendered as 'God'), 'veShebna' means 'and Shebna' (personal name), 'veYoach' means 'and Yoach' (personal name), 'el-Rav Shakheh' means 'to the chief official' ('Rav' = 'chief', 'Shakheh' = 'overseer'), 'daber-na' means 'please speak' (imperative with polite particle 'na'), 'el-avadecha' means 'to your servants', 'Aramit' means 'in Aramaic', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'shomeim' means 'they hear' or 'listening', 'anachnu' means 'we', 've-al' means 'and not', 'tedaber' means 'you speak', 'eileinu' means 'to us', 'Yehudit' means 'in Judahite' i.e., Hebrew, 'be'oznei' means 'in the ears of', 'haam' means 'the people', 'asher' means 'who', 'al-hachomah' means 'on the wall'. No divine names appear in this verse, so no special literal translation of a name of God is required.
[ISA.36.12] And Rav-Shakeh said, the God your Lord and your God sent me, my Lord, to speak these words: Is it not upon the men who sit on the wall to eat their holes and drink their wine with you? [§]
Vayomer Rav-Shakeh ha'el adonecha ve'eleicha sh'lachani adoni ledaber et-hadvarim ha'eleh halo al-hahanashim hayoshevim al-hachomah le'ekhol et-chorahem ve'lishtot et-sheinehem imachem.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Rav-Shakeh' is the name of the speaker, 'ha'el' means 'the God', 'adonecha' means 'your Lord', 've'eleicha' means 'and your God', 'sh'lachani' means 'sent me', 'adoni' means 'my Lord', 'ledaber' means 'to speak', 'et-hadvarim' means 'the words', 'ha'eleh' means 'these', 'halo' means 'is not', 'al-hahanashim' means 'upon the men', 'hayoshevim' means 'who sit', 'al-hachomah' means 'on the wall', 'le'ekhol' means 'to eat', 'et-chorahem' means 'their holes', 've'lishtot' means 'and to drink', 'et-sheinehem' means 'their wine', 'imachem' means 'with you'.
[ISA.36.13] And Rav-Shakeh stood, and called in a great voice to Judah, and said, Hear the words of the king, the great king, king of Assyria. [§]
Vaya'amod Rav-Shakeh vayikra bekol-gadol Yehudit vayomer shimu et-dibre ha-melekh ha-gadol melekh Ashur.
'Vaya'amod' means 'and stood', 'Rav-Shakeh' is a proper name, 'vayikra' means 'and called', 'bekol-gadol' means 'in a great voice', 'Yehudit' means 'Judah', 'vayomer' means 'and said', 'shimu' means 'listen' or 'hear', 'et-dibre' means 'the words of', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'ha-gadol' means 'the great', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria'.
[ISA.36.14] Thus said the king, Do not raise Hezekiah to you, because he will not be able to save you. [§]
Koh amar ha-melekh al-yashi lachem Chizkiyahu ki lo yuchal le-hatzil etchem.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'al-yashi' means 'do not raise' or 'do not lift up', 'lachem' means 'to you (plural)', 'Chizkiyahu' is the proper name 'Hezekiah', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'yuchal' means 'will be able', 'le-hatzil' means 'to save', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)'.
[ISA.36.15] And Hezekiah will not trust you, but trusts in Yahveh, saying, "The Lord will save us; Yahveh will not give this city into the hand of the king of Assyria." [§]
Ve-al yivtach etchem Chizkiyahu el Yahveh le'emor hatzel yatzilenu Yahveh lo tinaten ha'ir hazot be-yad melekh Ashur.
'Ve-al' means 'and not', 'yivtach' means 'will trust', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'Chizkiyahu' is the proper name Hezekiah, 'el' means 'in', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'le'emor' means 'saying', 'hatzel' means 'the Lord', 'yatzilenu' means 'will save us', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'lo' means 'not', 'tinaten' means 'will give', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'be-yad' means 'into the hand of', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria'.
[ISA.36.16] Do not listen to Hezekiah. Now thus said the king Assur: Make a blessing with me and go out to me, and each shall eat his grape, each his fig, and each shall drink his well water. [§]
Al tishmeu el Chizkiyah suki koh amar ha melekh Ashur asu itti beracha u tzeu elai ve ichlu ish gapno ve ish teenato u shetu ish mei boro.
'Al' means 'Do not', 'tishmeu' means 'listen', 'el' means 'to', 'Chizkiyah' is the name 'Hezekiah', 'suki' means 'now', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Ashur' is the name of the Assyrian king, 'asu' means 'make' or 'do', 'itti' means 'with me', 'beracha' means 'blessing', 'u' is the conjunction 'and', 'tzeu' means 'go out', 'elai' means 'to me', 've' is 'and', 'ichlu' means 'eat', 'ish' means 'each (person)', 'gapno' means 'his grape', 've' again 'and', 'ish' again 'each', 'teeenato' means 'his fig', 'u' again 'and', 'shetu' means 'drink', 'ish' again 'each', 'mei' means 'water of', 'boro' means 'his well'.
[ISA.36.17] Until I come and I will take you to a land like your own land, a land of wheat and barley, a land of bread and vineyards. [§]
ad-vo'i ve-lakachti etchem el-eretz ke-aretzchem erets dagan ve-tirosh erets lechem u-keramim.
'ad' means 'until', 'vo'i' means 'I come', 've' means 'and', 'lakachti' means 'I will take', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'el' means 'to', 'eretz' means 'land', 'ke-aretzchem' means 'like your land', 'erets' (second) means 'land', 'dagan' means 'wheat', 've' means 'and', 'tirosh' means 'barley', 'erets' (third) means 'land', 'lechem' means 'bread', 'u' means 'and', 'keramim' means 'vineyards'.
[ISA.36.18] Lest Hezekiah deceive you, he says, Yahveh will save us; let the God(s) of the nations each save his land from the hand of the king of Assyria. [§]
Pen-yas-sit etchem Chizkiyahu le'emor Yahveh yat'sileinu ha-het'silu Elohei ha-goyim ish et-artzo mi-yad melekh Ashur.
'Pen' means 'lest', 'yas-sit' means 'he (Hezekiah) would cause you to err' or 'deceive you', 'etchem' means 'you (plural)', 'Chizkiyahu' is the personal name Hezekiah, 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH, 'yat'sileinu' means 'will save us', 'ha-het'silu' means 'let them save', 'Elohei' means 'God(s) of', 'ha-goyim' means 'the nations', 'ish' means 'each', 'et-artzo' means 'his land', 'mi-yad' means 'from the hand of', 'melek' means 'king', and 'Ashur' is the name Assyria. The divine name 'Elohim' appears within 'Elohei' and is rendered as 'the Gods' according to the given rule.
[ISA.36.19] Where is the God of wrath and Arpad, where is the God of Sfarvayim, and how they rescued Samaria from my hand. [§]
Eyyeh Elohei Chamat veArpad, eyyeh Elohei Sfarvayim, veki hitzilu et Shomron mi yadi.
'Eyyeh' means 'where', 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Chamat' means 'wrath', 'veArpad' means 'and Arpad' (a place name), the second 'eyyeh' repeats 'where', 'Sfarvayim' is a proper name (likely a place), 'veki' means 'and how' or 'and that', 'hitzilu' means 'they saved' or 'they rescued', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'Shomron' means 'Samaria', 'mi yadi' means 'from my hand'.
[ISA.36.20] Who among all the Gods of the nations, these who have saved their land from my hand, because Yahveh will save Jerusalem from my hand. [§]
Mi bechol- Elohei ha'aratzot ha'eleh asher-hitzilu et-artsam mi-yadi ki-yatzil Yahveh et-Yerushalayim mi-yadi.
'Mi' means 'who', 'bechol' means 'in all', 'Elohei' means 'of the Gods', 'ha'aratzot' means 'the nations', 'ha'eleh' means 'these', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'hitzilu' means 'saved', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (no translation), 'artsam' means 'their land', 'mi-yadi' means 'from my hand', 'ki' means 'because', 'yatzil' means 'will save', 'Yahveh' means the divine name YHVH, 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem'.
[ISA.36.21] And they were silent and did not answer him a word, because the command of the king was, 'Do not answer him.' [§]
vayyacharieshu ve'lo anu oto davar ki-mitzvat ha-melekh hi le'emor lo ta'anuhu.
'vayyacharieshu' means 'and they were silent', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'anu' means 'they answered', 'oto' means 'him', 'davar' means 'a word', 'ki' means 'because', 'mitzvat' means 'command', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'hi' means 'it is', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'lo' means 'not', 'ta'anuhu' means 'you shall answer him'.
[ISA.36.22] And Eliakim son of Hilkiah who was over the house and Shebna the scribe and Joah son of Asaph the recorder came to Hezekiah in torn garments and they told him the words of Rab Shakeh. [§]
Vayyavo Eliyakiym ben Hilkiyahu asher al ha bayit veShevna ha sofer ve Yoach ben Asaf ha mazkiir el Hizhkiyahu k'ru'ei vegadim vayagidu lo et d'vrei Rav Shakeh.
'Vayyavo' means 'and came', 'Eliyakiym' is the name Eliakim, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Hilkiyahu' is the name Hilkiah, 'asher' means 'who', 'al' means 'over', 'ha' means 'the', 'bayit' means 'house', 'veShevna' means 'and Shebna', 'ha' means 'the', 'sofer' means 'scribe', 've' means 'and', 'Yoach' is the name Joah, 'ben' means 'son of', 'Asaf' is the name Asaph, 'ha' means 'the', 'mazkiir' means 'recorder', 'el' means 'to', 'Hizhkiyahu' is the name Hezekiah, 'k'ru'ei' means 'torn', 'vegadim' means 'garments', 'vayagidu' means 'and they told', 'lo' means 'him', 'et' is a direct object marker (not translated), 'd'vrei' means 'words of', 'Rav' means 'great', 'Shakeh' is a proper name.
ISA.37
[ISA.37.1] And it was, when the king Hezekiah heard, he tore his garments, covered himself with sackcloth, and entered the house of Yahveh. [§]
vayehi kishmo'a ha-melekh Chizkiyahu vayikra et-begadav vayitchas ba-sak vayavo beit Yahveh.
'vayehi' means 'and it was', 'kishmo'a' means 'when (he) heard', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Chizkiyahu' is the personal name Hezekiah, 'vayikra' means 'he tore', 'et-begadav' means 'his garment(s)', 'vayitchas' means 'he covered himself', 'ba-sak' means 'with sackcloth', 'vayavo' means 'he entered', 'beit' means 'house of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[ISA.37.2] And he sent Eliakim who is over the house and Shebna the scribe and the elders of the priests clothed in sackcloth to Isaiah son of Amoz the prophet. [§]
Vayishlach et Eliyakim asher al habayit ve'et Shebna ha-sofer ve'et ziknei hakohanim mitkasim ba sakim el Yeshayahu ben Amoz hanavi.
'Vayishlach' means 'and he sent', 'et' is the direct object marker (untranslated), 'Eliyakim' is a proper name, 'asher al habayit' means 'who is over the house', 've'et' means 'and' introducing the next object, 'Shebna' is a proper name, 'ha-sofer' means 'the scribe', 've'et' again means 'and', 'ziknei' means 'elders', 'hakohanim' means 'of the priests', 'mitkasim' means 'clothed' or 'covering themselves', 'ba sakim' means 'in sackcloth', 'el' means 'to', 'Yeshayahu' is a proper name (Isaiah), 'ben' means 'son of', 'Amoz' is a proper name, 'hanavi' means 'the prophet'.
[ISA.37.3] They said to him, 'Thus said Hezekiah: a day of trouble and chastening and rebellion, this very day, because sons have come to the breaking point and there is no strength to bear children.' [§]
Vayomru elav koh amar Hizkiyahu yom tzarah ve-tohehah u-neatzah hayom hazeh ki vau banim ad mashber ve-koach ayin leleda.
'Vayomru' means 'and they said', 'elav' means 'to him', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Hizkiyahu' is the name 'Hezekiah', 'yom' means 'day', 'tzarah' means 'trouble', 've-tohehah' means 'and chastening', 'u-neatzah' means 'and rebellion', 'hayom' means 'this day', 'hazeh' means 'this', 'ki' means 'because', 'vau' means 'they came', 'banim' means 'sons', 'ad' means 'to', 'mashber' means 'breaking point', 've-koach' means 'and strength', 'ayin' means 'none', 'leleda' means 'to bear children'.
[ISA.37.4] Perhaps Yahveh your God will hear the words of Rav-Shakeh which his king of Assyria sent, his lord, to scorch the living Gods, and he will show in the matters that Yahveh your God heard, and you will lift a prayer on behalf of the remaining that are found. [§]
Ulay yishma Yahveh Elohekha et divrei Rav-Shakeh asher sh'lachho melekh Ashur adonav lecharef elohim chai vehokiach ba-dvarim asher shama Yahveh Elohekha ve-nasata tefilah be-ad hash'ereit hanimtzah.
'Ulay' means 'perhaps', 'yishma' means 'he will hear', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Elohekha' means 'your God' (Elohim in singular), 'et' is the direct object marker, 'divrei' means 'the words of', 'Rav-Shakeh' is a proper name, 'asher' means 'which', 'sh'lachho' means 'he sent', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria', 'adonav' means 'his lord', 'lecharef' means 'to scorch', 'elohim' means 'the Gods' (plural), 'chai' means 'living', 'vehokiach' means 'and he will prove/show', 'ba-dvarim' means 'in the matters', 'asher' means 'that', 'shama' means 'he heard', 'Yahveh' again, 'Elohekha' again, 've-nasata' means 'and you will lift', 'tefilah' means 'a prayer', 'be-ad' means 'on behalf of', 'hash'ereit' means 'the remaining', 'hanimtzah' means 'that are found'.
[ISA.37.5] And the servants of the king Hezekiah came to Isaiah. [§]
Vayyavo'u avdei ha-melekh Chizkiyahu el Yeshayahu.
'Vayyavo'u' means 'and they came', 'avdei' means 'servants of', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Chizkiyahu' is the personal name Hezekiah, 'el' means 'to', 'Yeshayahu' is the personal name Isaiah.
[ISA.37.6] And he said to them, Isaiah, thus you shall say to your Lord: Thus says Yahveh, do not be afraid because of the things you have heard, because the youths of the king of Assyria have oppressed me. [§]
Vayomer aleihem Yeshayahu koh tomerun el adoneichem koh amar Yahveh al tira mipnei hadvarim asher shamatah asher giddpu naarei melek Ashur oti.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'aleihem' means 'to them', 'Yeshayahu' is the name Isaiah, 'koh' means 'thus', 'tomerun' means 'you shall say', 'el' means 'to', 'adoneichem' means 'your Lord', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'al' means 'do not', 'tira' means 'be afraid', 'mipnei' means 'because of', 'hadvarim' means 'the things', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'shamatah' means 'you have heard', 'giddpu' means 'they have oppressed', 'naarei' means 'the youths', 'melek' means 'king', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria', 'oti' means 'me'.
[ISA.37.7] Behold, I will give him a spirit, and he will hear a report, and he will return to his land, and I will strike him with the sword in his land. [§]
Hineni noten bo ruach ve-shama smua ve-shav el-artzo ve-hippaltiv ba-cherev be-artzo.
'Hineni' means 'Behold' or 'Here I am', 'noten' means 'I will give', 'bo' means 'him', 'ruach' means 'spirit' or 'wind', 've-shama' means 'and he will hear', 'smua' means 'a report' or 'a rumor', 've-shav' means 'and he will return', 'el-artzo' means 'to his land', 've-hippaltiv' means 'and I will cause him to fall' or 'I will strike him down', 'ba-cherev' means 'by the sword', 'be-artzo' means 'in his land'.
[ISA.37.8] And Rav-Shakeh turned back and found the king of Assyria waging war against Lebanon, because he heard that he had set out from Lachish. [§]
Vayashav Rav-Shakeh Vayimtsa et-Melekh Ashur Nilcham al-Livnah Ki shama ki nasah milachish.
'Vayashav' means 'and he turned back', 'Rav-Shakeh' is a personal name (literally 'great Shakeh'), 'Vayimtsa' means 'and he found', 'et-Melekh' means 'the king', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria' (the king of Assyria), 'Nilcham' means 'waged war' or 'fought', 'al-Livnah' means 'against Lebanon', 'Ki' means 'because', 'shama' means 'he heard', the second 'ki' repeats 'that', 'nasah' means 'he set out' or 'he departed', 'milachish' means 'from Lachish'.
[ISA.37.9] And he heard about the rumor that the king of Cush said, 'He will go out to fight with you,' and he heard and sent messengers to Hezekiah, saying. [§]
vayishma al-tirhakah melekh Kush le'emor yatza le-hilachem itach vayishma vayishlach malachim el Hizkiyahu le'emor.
'vayishma' means 'and he heard', 'al-tirhakah' means 'about the rumor', 'melekh Kush' means 'king of Cush', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'yatza' means 'he will go out', 'le-hilachem' means 'to fight', 'itach' means 'with you', the second 'vayishma' again means 'and he heard', 'vayishlach' means 'and he sent', 'malachim' means 'messengers', 'el Hizkiyahu' means 'to Hezekiah', and the final 'le'emor' means 'saying'.
[ISA.37.10] Thus you shall say to Hezekiah king of Judah, saying, Do not lift up your God, whom you trust in, saying, you will not give Jerusalem into the hand of the king of Assyria. [§]
Koh tomerun el Hizkiyahu melek Yehudah le'emor al yashia'kha Elohekha asher atta botech vo le'emor lo tinaten Yerushalayim be'yad melek Ashur.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'tomerun' means 'you shall say', 'el' means 'to', 'Hizkiyahu' is the personal name 'Hezekiah', 'melek' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'le'emor' means 'saying', 'al' means 'do not', 'yashia'kha' means 'lift up', 'Elohekha' means 'your God', 'asher' means 'whom', 'atta' means 'you', 'botech' means 'trust', 'vo' means 'in him', 'le'emor' means 'saying', 'lo' means 'not', 'tinaten' means 'you will give', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'be'yad' means 'into the hand of', 'melek' means 'king', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria'.
[ISA.37.11] Behold, you have heard that the kings of Assyria have done to all the nations to destroy them, and you will be saved. [§]
Hineh attah shama'ta asher asu malchei Ashur lechol ha'aratzot le'acharitham ve'attah tinnatzel.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'attah' means 'you', 'shama'ta' means 'have heard', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'asu' means 'they did', 'malchei' means 'kings of', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria', 'lechol' means 'to all', 'ha'aratzot' means 'the nations', 'le'acharitham' means 'to destroy them', 've'attah' means 'and you', 'tinnatzel' means 'will be saved'.
[ISA.37.12] Save them, the Gods of the nations who have destroyed my forefathers, the gozan and the charan, and wrath and the sons of Eden who are in Telassar. [§]
Ha-hitzilu otam Elohei ha-goyim asher hishchitu avotai et gozan ve-et charan ve-retzef u'vnei Eden asher bitlashar.
'Ha-hitzilu' means 'save', 'otam' means 'them', 'Elohei' means 'the Gods of', 'ha-goyim' means 'the nations', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'hishchitu' means 'have destroyed', 'avotai' means 'my forefathers', 'et' is a direct‑object marker (not translated), 'gozan' is a proper name (likely a place or people), 've-et' means 'and', 'charan' is a proper name, 've-retzef' means 'and wrath', 'u'vnei' means 'and the sons of', 'Eden' means 'Eden', 'asher' again means 'who/that', 'bitlashar' means 'in Telassar' (a location).
[ISA.37.13] Where is the king of Chamat and the king of Arpad and the king of the city of Sfarvayim? He was humbled and blinded. [§]
Ayeh melek chamat u-melek arpad u-melek la'ir sfarvayim hena ve'iva.
'Ayeh' means 'where', 'melek' means 'king', 'chamat' is a proper name (likely a place or title), 'u-' is the conjunction 'and', 'arpad' is a proper name (a city), 'la'ir' means 'of the city' or 'to the city', 'sfarvayim' is a proper name (likely a city), 'hena' is interpreted as a verb meaning 'was humbled' or 'was brought low', and 've'iva' is a verb meaning 'and was blinded' or 'and was made blind'.
[ISA.37.14] And Hezekiah took the books from the hand of the messengers, read them, went up into the house of Yahveh, and spread them before Yahveh. [§]
Vayikkach Hezekiyahu et-hassefarim miyad hammalakim vayikra'ahu vayya'al beit Yahveh vayifreshu Hezekiyahu lifnei Yahveh.
'Vayikkach' means 'and he took', 'Hezekiyahu' is the name Hezekiah, 'et-hassefarim' means 'the books', 'miyad' means 'from the hand of', 'hammalakim' means 'the messengers/angels', 'vayikra'ahu' means 'and he read them', 'vayya'al' means 'and he went up', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'vayifreshu' means 'and he spread them', 'lifnei' means 'before/in front of'.
[ISA.37.15] And Hezekiah prayed to Yahveh, saying. [§]
vayitpallel Chizkiyahu el-Yahveh le'emor.
'vayitpallel' means 'and he prayed', 'Chizkiyahu' is the name Hezekiah, 'el-Yahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'le'emor' means 'saying'.
[ISA.37.16] Yahveh of hosts, the God of Israel, who dwells among the cherubim, you alone are the God for all the kingdoms of the earth; you made the heavens and the earth. [§]
Yahveh Tzevaot Elohei Yisrael Yoshev HaKeruvim Atah-Hu HaElohim Levadcha Lechol Mamlekhot Haaretz Atah Asita Et-Hashamayim Ve-et-Haaretz.
'Yahveh' means the personal name of God (YHVH). 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' or 'armies'. 'Elohei' is the construct form of 'Elohim' meaning 'the God (of)'. 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'. 'Yoshev' means 'dwells' or 'sits'. 'HaKeruvim' means 'the cherubim'. 'Atah-Hu' means 'you are he/it'. 'HaElohim' means 'the God' (singular sense of Elohim here). 'Levadcha' means 'by yourself alone' (levad = alone, -cha = your). 'Lechol' means 'to all' or 'for all'. 'Mamlekhot' means 'kingdoms'. 'Haaretz' means 'the earth'. 'Atah' means 'you'. 'Asita' means 'made' or 'created'. 'Et-Hashamayim' means 'the heavens' (with the direct object marker et). 'Ve-et-Haaretz' means 'and the earth'.
[ISA.37.17] Turn, Yahveh, your ear and listen; open, Yahveh, your eyes and see and listen to all the words of Sanchev that he sent to inflame the living Gods. [§]
Hatet Yahveh aznekha veshma pekach Yahveh einkha ure'eh veshma et kol divrei Sanchev asher shalach lekharaf Elohim chai.
'Hatet' means 'turn' or 'direct', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'aznekha' means 'your ear', 'veshma' means 'and listen', 'pekach' means 'open', 'einkha' means 'your eyes', 'ure'eh' means 'and see', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'divrei' means 'the words of', 'Sanchev' is a proper name (the speaker being referenced), 'asher' means 'that' or 'who', 'shalach' means 'he sent', 'lekharaf' means 'to incite' or 'to inflame', 'Elohim' is translated literally as 'the Gods', and 'chai' means 'alive' or 'living'.
[ISA.37.18] Truly Yahveh destroyed the kings of Assyria, all the lands, and their land. [§]
amnam Yahveh hecherivu malchei Ashur et kol haaretzot ve-et artsam.
'amnam' means 'truly', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH and translates as 'Yahveh', 'hecherivu' means 'they destroyed', 'malchei' means 'kings of', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria', 'et' is the direct‑object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'haaretzot' means 'the lands', 've-et' means 'and', 'artsam' means 'their land'.
[ISA.37.19] And they will give their the Gods to fire, for they are not the Gods but rather the work of a man's hand, a tree and a stone, and they destroyed them. [§]
Ve-naton et-elohehem ba-esh ki lo elohim hemah ki im-ma'aseh yedei-adam etz va'even vayabedum.
'Ve-naton' means 'and (he) will give', 'et' is the accusative marker (not translated), 'elohehem' means 'their the Gods' (Elohim rendered as 'the Gods'), 'ba-esh' means 'into fire', 'ki' means 'for', 'lo' means 'not', 'elohim' means 'the Gods', 'hemah' means 'they are', 'ki' means 'but', 'im' means 'if' or 'rather', 'ma'aseh' means 'the work', 'yedei' means 'of the hand of', 'adam' means 'man', 'etz' means 'tree', 'va'even' means 'and stone', 'vayabedum' means 'and they destroyed them'.
[ISA.37.20] Now Yahveh our God, save us from his hand, and let all the kingdoms of the earth know that you, Yahveh, are alone. [§]
ve'ata Yahveh Eloheinu hoshi'enu mi yado ve yedu kol mamlekot haaretz ki ata Yahveh levadecha.
've'ata' means 'and now', 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHVH, 'Eloheinu' means 'our God', 'hoshi'enu' means 'save us', 'mi yado' means 'from his hand', 've yedu' means 'and they will know', 'kol' means 'all', 'mamlekot' means 'kingdoms', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'ki' means 'because', 'ata' means 'you', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'levadecha' means 'alone' or 'by yourself alone'.
[ISA.37.21] And Isaiah son of Amotz sent to Hezekiah, saying, Thus says Yahveh, God of Israel, to whom you have prayed, to Sennacherib king of Assyria. [§]
Vayishlach Yeshayahu ben-Amotz el-Hizkiyahu lemor koh amar Yahveh Elohei Yisrael asher hitpalletah elai el-Sancherev melek Ashur.
'Vayishlach' means 'and he sent'; 'Yeshayahu' is the name Isaiah; 'ben-Amotz' means 'son of Amotz'; 'el-Hizkiyahu' means 'to Hezekiah'; 'lemor' means 'to say'; 'koh' means 'thus'; 'amar' means 'said'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH; 'Elohei' means 'the Gods' (Elohim) and here is rendered as 'God'; 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'; 'asher' means 'who/which'; 'hitpalletah' means 'you have prayed'; 'elai' means 'to me'; 'el-Sancherev' means 'to Sennacherib'; 'melek' means 'king'; 'Ashur' means 'Assyria'.
[ISA.37.22] This is the word which Yahveh has spoken concerning it: shame upon you, disaster upon you, O maiden, daughter of Zion, after you, chief of the rising, daughter of Jerusalem. [§]
Zeh ha-davar asher dibber Yahveh alav baza lekha la'aga lekha betulat bat-Tziyon akharekha rosh heniyah bat Yerushalayim.
'Zeh' means 'this', 'ha-davar' means 'the word', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'dibber' means 'has spoken', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'alav' means 'concerning it', 'baza' (from beze) means 'shame' or 'disgrace', 'lekha' means 'upon you', 'la'aga' is understood as an idiom meaning 'for disaster' or 'to ruin', the second 'lekha' repeats 'upon you', 'betulat' means 'virgin' or 'maiden', 'bat-Tziyon' means 'daughter of Zion', 'akharekha' means 'after you' or 'behind you', 'rosh' means 'head' or 'chief', 'heniyah' is a verbal form meaning 'she will raise' or 'she will lift up', 'bat' means 'daughter', and 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem'.
[ISA.37.23] Whom have you become angry with and against whom have you raised a voice? And to whom have you lifted your eyes toward the Holy One of Israel. [§]
Et mi cheraptah ve-giddaptah ve al mi harimota kol ve-tisasa marom einaycha el kedosh Yisrael.
'Et' is a direct‑object marker meaning 'whom' or 'that which'. 'Mi' means 'who'. 'Cheraptah' is the verb 'you became angry' (from cheref). 'Ve-giddaptah' means 'and you raised a voice' (giddaf = shout). 'Ve al mi' means 'and against whom'. 'Harimota' is 'you lifted up' (from rumah = raise). 'Kol' means 'voice' or 'sound'. 'Ve-tisasa' means 'and you lifted up' (from sosa = lift). 'Marom' means 'high' or 'exalted'. 'Einaycha' is 'your eyes' (eina = eye, -cha = your). 'El' is the preposition 'to' or 'toward'. 'Kedosh Yisrael' is the phrase 'the Holy One of Israel', a title for God.
[ISA.37.24] By the hand of your servants you have become angry, my Lord, and you said, 'With my many chariots I have gone up to the height of the mountains, the lofty Lebanon, and I will cut the height of the cedars from the best of their heads, and I will come to the high end of the forest of Carmel.' [§]
be yad avadecha cheraptah Adonai vatoamer be'rov rikbi ani aliti merom harim yarketei levanon ve'echrot komat arazi mibchar beroshav ve'avo merom kitszo ya'ar Karmil.
'be yad' means 'by the hand', 'avadecha' means 'your servants', 'cheraptah' means 'you have become angry', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'vatoamer' means 'and you said', 'be'rov' means 'in the abundance', 'rikbi' means 'my chariots', 'ani' means 'I', 'aliti' means 'I have gone up', 'merom' means 'height', 'harim' means 'the mountains', 'yarketei' means 'the lofty' (or 'high'), 'Levanon' means 'Lebanon', 've'echrot' means 'and I will cut', 'komat' means 'the height', 'arazi' means 'of the cedars', 'mibchar' means 'from the best', 'beroshav' means 'of its heads', 've'avo' means 'and I will come', 'merom' means 'to the height', 'kitszo' means 'its end', 'ya'ar' means 'forest', 'Karmil' means 'Carmel'. The divine name 'Adonai' is rendered as the literal English phrase 'my Lord' according to the translation rules.
[ISA.37.25] I called, I drank water, and I will bring disaster with the palm of my hand, all the streams of the fortress. [§]
Ani kar-ti ve-shatitiy mayim ve-achriv bekhaf-p'amai kol ye'orei matsor.
'Ani' means 'I', 'kar-ti' means 'I called' (from the verb karah), 've-shatitiy' means 'and I drank' (from shatah), 'mayim' means 'water', 've-achriv' means 'and I will bring disaster' or 'and I will destroy' (from achariv), 'bekhaf-p'amai' means 'with the palm of my hand' (khaf = palm, p'amai = my hand), 'kol' means 'all', 'ye'orei' means 'streams' (plural of ya'ar), 'matsor' means 'of the fortress' or 'of the siege'.
[ISA.37.26] Have you not heard from afar? I made her from the waters of old and formed her. Now I bring her, and it shall be to raise waves, trembling cities in fortified places. [§]
halo shamat lemerachok otah asiti mimi kedem vitsartiyah atah habeitiyah uthehi lehasot galim nitsim arim betzurot
'halo' means 'have you not', 'shamat' means 'you heard', 'lemerachok' means 'from afar', 'otah' means 'her', 'asiti' means 'I made', 'mimi' means 'from the waters', 'kedem' means 'of old/ancient', 'vitsartiyah' means 'and I formed her', 'atah' means 'now', 'habeitiyah' means 'I bring her', 'uthehi' means 'and it shall be', 'lehasot' means 'to raise/bring up', 'galim' means 'waves', 'nitsim' means 'shaking/trembling', 'arim' means 'cities', 'betzurot' means 'in fortified places'.
[ISA.37.27] And its dwellers, short of hand, seized and were ashamed; they were field grass and green grass, timber for roofs and desolation before the rising. [§]
ve-yoshveihen kitsrei-yad hattu va-voshu hayu eseb sadeh ve-yirak deshe chatsir gagot u-shedemah lifnei kama.
've-yoshveihen' means 'and its dwellers', 'kitsrei-yad' means 'short of hand' (literally 'hand-shorteners'), 'hattu' means 'they seized', 'va-voshu' means 'and they were ashamed', 'hayu' means 'they were', 'eseb' means 'grass', 'sadeh' means 'field', 've-yirak' means 'and green', 'deshe' means 'grass' (again), 'chatsir' means 'timber' or 'beams', 'gagot' means 'roofs', 'u-shedemah' means 'and desolation', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'kama' means 'a standing thing' or 'rise'.
[ISA.37.28] And your dwelling, your departure, and your arrival I know, and your striving toward me. [§]
ve-shivtekha ve-tze'etkha u-vo'ekha yadatai ve-et hi-traggezecha elai.
've' means 'and', 'shivtekha' means 'your sitting' or 'your dwelling', 'tze'etkha' means 'your going out' or 'your departure', 'u-vo'ekha' means 'and your coming' or 'your arrival', 'yadatai' means 'I know', 've-et' is the direct‑object marker 'and' used before a proper noun, 'hi-traggezecha' is a verb form meaning 'your stirring' or 'your striving', 'elai' means 'to me' or 'toward me'.
[ISA.37.29] Because you have become angry with me and you have risen against me in my ears, I will place my (breath/heat) in your anger, and I will humble myself on your lips, and I will turn you back on the road you came by there. [§]
yaan hitragazeka elai veshananeka alah beoznai vesameti hachhi beappecha umitgi bisphatecha vahashivoticha baderach asherbata ba.
'yaan' means 'because', 'hitragazeka' means 'you have become angry', 'elai' means 'against me' or 'toward me', 'veshananeka' means 'and you have become angry', 'alah' means 'you rose' or 'you went up', 'beoznai' means 'in my ears', 'vesameti' means 'and I will place', 'hachhi' is a difficult word, possibly meaning 'my breath' or 'my heat', 'beappecha' means 'in your anger', 'umitgi' is uncertain, perhaps 'and I will be humbled', 'bisphatecha' means 'on your lips', 'vahashivoticha' means 'and I will turn you back', 'baderach' means 'in the way', 'asherbata' means 'that you came', 'ba' means 'there'.
[ISA.37.30] And this shall be a sign for you: in the first year you shall eat abundantly; in the second year you shall eat with difficulty; and in the third year you shall sow, hoe, and plant vineyards, and eat the fruit. [§]
vezeh lekha haot akhol hashana sapeiach uvasana hasheni t shachis uvasana hashlishit zir u kitzru ve nitau keramim ve ikhlu pirim.
'vezeh' means 'and this', 'lekha' means 'for you', 'haot' means 'sign', 'akhol' means 'eat', 'hashana' means 'the year', 'sapeiach' means 'full' or 'abundant', 'uvasana' means 'in the year', 'hasheni t' means 'the second', 'shachis' means 'tight' or 'strained', 'hashlishit' means 'the third', 'zir' means 'sow', 'u kitzru' means 'and hoe', 've nitau' means 'and plant', 'keramim' means 'vineyards', 've ikhlu' means 'and eat', 'pirim' means 'the fruit'.
[ISA.37.31] And the remnant of the house of Judah, the remaining root, will increase to a sprout and will make fruit upward. [§]
Ve-yas'fa pleitat beit Yehudah ha-nish'arah shoresh le-matah ve-asa peri le-ma'alah.
'Ve' means 'and', 'yas'fa' means 'will increase', 'pleitat' means 'the remnant' or 'the escaped ones', 'beit' means 'house of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'ha-nish'arah' means 'the remaining', 'shoresh' means 'root', 'le-matah' means 'to a sprout' or 'for a young shoot', 've' again means 'and', 'asa' means 'will make' or 'will do', 'peri' means 'fruit', 'le-ma'alah' means 'upward', 'above' or 'for the upper'.
[ISA.37.32] Because from Jerusalem shall go out a remnant and a fugitive from the mountain of Zion, the jealousy of Yahveh of hosts will cause this. [§]
Ki miYerushalaim tetse sh'erit ufleita meHar Tziyon kinat Yahveh Tzevaot taaseh zot.
'Ki' means 'because', 'miYerushalaim' means 'from Jerusalem', 'tetse' means 'shall go out', 'sh'erit' means 'a remnant', 'ufleita' means 'and a fugitive', 'meHar' means 'from the mountain', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion', 'kinat' means 'the jealousy', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'of hosts', 'taaseh' means 'will do' or 'will cause', 'zot' means 'this'.
[ISA.37.33] Therefore thus said Yahveh to the king of Assyria, "He shall not come into this city, and a bow shall not be raised there, and a shield shall not be placed before it, and a flood shall not be poured upon it." [§]
Lakhen koh amar Yahveh el-melekh Ashur lo yavo el-ha'ir hazot ve'lo yoreh sham chetz ve'lo yekadmenna magen ve'lo yishpocheh aleha solla.
'Lakhen' means 'therefore', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'el' means 'to', 'melekh' means 'king', 'Ashur' is the name of the Assyrian empire, 'lo' means 'not', 'yavo' means 'will come', 'el' means 'to', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'yoreh' means 'will be raised' (from the root for 'to raise' a weapon), 'sham' means 'there', 'chetz' means 'a bow' (or 'arrow'), 've'lo' again 'and not', 'yekadmenna' means 'will be placed before' (from the root for 'to place'), 'magen' means 'shield', 've'lo' again 'and not', 'yishpocheh' means 'will pour out', 'aleha' means 'upon it', 'solla' means 'a flood' or 'deluge'.
[ISA.37.34] On the way that he came, he will return there, and to this city he will not come, says Yahveh. [§]
Ba derekh asher ba bah yashuv ve el ha'ir ha zot lo yavo ne'um Yahveh.
'Ba' means 'in' or 'on', 'derekh' means 'the way' or 'road', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'ba' means 'came', 'bah' means 'there' or 'in it', 'yashuv' means 'he will return', 've' means 'and', 'el' means 'to', 'ha'ir' means 'the city', 'ha' means 'the', 'zot' means 'this' (feminine), 'lo' means 'not', 'yavo' means 'he will come', 'ne'um' means 'says' or 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[ISA.37.35] And I will guard over this city so that it may be saved for my sake and for the sake of David my servant. [§]
Vaganoti al hair hazot lehoshiah lemaani ulem'an David avadi.
'Vaganoti' means 'and I will guard', 'al' means 'over', 'ha-IR' means 'the city', 'hazot' means 'this', 'lehoshiah' means 'to save it', 'lemaani' means 'for my sake', 'u' means 'and', 'lem'an' means 'for the sake of', 'David' is the proper name David, 'avadi' means 'my servant'.
[ISA.37.36] And an angel of Yahveh went out and struck the camp of Ashur one hundred eighty‑five thousand; they rose up in the morning and behold, they were all dead bodies. [§]
Vayetze malakh Yahveh vayakeh bemaḥaneh Ashur meah ushmoneh v'khamesh alaf vayashkimu baboker vehineh kulam p'garim metim.
'Vayetze' means 'and went out', 'malakh' means 'angel', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'vayakeh' means 'and struck', 'bemaḥaneh' means 'in the camp of', 'Ashur' is the name of the Assyrian empire, 'meah' means 'one hundred', 'ushmoneh' means 'and eight', 'v'khamesh' means 'and five', 'alaf' means 'thousand', 'vayashkimu' means 'they rose up', 'baboker' means 'in the morning', 'vehineh' means 'and behold', 'kulam' means 'they all', 'p'garim' means 'dead bodies', 'metim' means 'dead'.
[ISA.37.37] And he rode, and he went, and he returned, Sennacherib king of Assyria, and he settled in Nineveh. [§]
vayyissa vayyellekh vayyashav Sannacherib melek Ashur vayyeshav beNinveh.
'vayyissa' means 'and he rode', 'vayyellekh' means 'and he went', 'vayyashav' means 'and he returned', 'Sannacherib' is the name of the Assyrian king, 'melek' means 'king', 'Ashur' means 'Assyria', 'vayyeshav' means 'and he dwelt' or 'settled', 'beNinveh' means 'in Nineveh'.
[ISA.37.38] And it was that he bowed down at the house of Nisrok, his God, and Adrammelech and Sharetzar, his sons, struck him with the sword, and they escaped to the land of Ararat, and he reigned, Eser‑Hadon, his son, under him. [§]
Vayehi hu mishtachave beit nisrok elohav veAdramelech veSharetzar banav hikkuhu bacherav vehema nimelto eretz ararat vayimlokh eser-chadon beno takhavy.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was', 'hu' means 'he', 'mishtachave' means 'bowing down', 'beit' means 'house', 'nisrok' is a place name (Nisrok), 'elohav' means 'his God' (from Eloh = God with a suffix), 'veAdramelech' means 'and Adrammelech' (a proper name), 'veSharetzar' means 'and Sharetzar' (a proper name), 'banav' means 'his sons', 'hikkuhu' means 'they struck him', 'bacherav' means 'with the sword', 'vehema' means 'and they', 'nimelto' means 'escaped', 'eretz' means 'land', 'ararat' means 'Ararat', 'vayimlokh' means 'and he reigned', 'eser-chadon' means 'Eser‑Hadon' (a proper name), 'beno' means 'his son', 'takhavy' means 'under him'.
ISA.38
[ISA.38.1] In those days Hezekiah was sick to die, and Isaiah son of Amoz the prophet came to him and said to him, Thus says Yahveh, command your house, for you are dead and you will not live. [§]
bai yamim ha hem chalah chizkiyahu lamut vayavo elav yeshayahu ben amots hanavi vayomer elav koh amar Yahveh tzav leveiteka ki met atta velo tichyeh.
'bai' means 'in', 'yamim' means 'the days', 'ha' means 'the', 'hem' means 'those', 'chalah' means 'was sick', 'chizkiyahu' is the personal name Hezekiah, 'lamut' means 'to die', 'vayavo' means 'and came', 'elav' means 'to him', 'yeshayahu' is the personal name Isaiah, 'ben' means 'son', 'amots' means 'of Amoz', 'hanavi' means 'the prophet', 'vayomer' means 'and said', 'elav' again 'to him', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tzav' means 'command', 'leveiteka' means 'to your house', 'ki' means 'for', 'met' means 'dead', 'atta' means 'you', 'velo' means 'and not', 'tichyeh' means 'you will live'.
[ISA.38.2] And Hezekiah turned his face to the wall and prayed to Yahveh. [§]
Vayasev Hezekiyahu panav el hakir vayitpalel el Yahveh.
'Vayasev' means 'and he turned', 'Hezekiyahu' is the personal name 'Hezekiah', 'panav' means 'his face', 'el' means 'to', 'hakir' means 'the wall', 'vayitpalel' means 'and he prayed', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[ISA.38.3] And he said, O Yahveh, remember now what I have walked before you in truth and with a whole heart, and the good thing in your eyes I have done, and Hezekiah wept with great weeping. [§]
Vayomar ana Yahveh zakher na et asher hitallakti lefanekha beemet uvelev shalem vehat tov be'einekha asiti vayevakh Chizqiyahu bechi gadol.
'Vayomar' means 'and he said', 'ana' means 'O', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'zakher' means 'remember', 'na' adds a pleading sense 'now', 'et' is the accusative marker, 'asher' means 'that which', 'hitallakti' means 'I have walked', 'lefanekha' means 'before you', 'beemet' means 'in truth', 'uvelev' means 'and with a heart', 'shalem' means 'whole', 'vehat' means 'and the', 'tov' means 'good', 'be'einekha' means 'in your eyes', 'asiti' means 'I have done', 'vayevakh' means 'and he wept', 'Chizqiyahu' is the name Hezekiah, 'bechi' means 'with great', 'gadol' means 'weeping'.
[ISA.38.4] And the word of Yahveh came to Isaiah, saying. [§]
Vayehi dabar-Yahveh el-Yeshayahu le'emor.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was' or 'now it came to pass', 'dabar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHVH, 'el' means 'to' (a preposition), 'Yeshayahu' is the personal name Isaiah meaning 'salvation of Yahveh', and 'le'emor' means 'saying' (literally 'to say').
[ISA.38.5] Going and you will say to Hezekiah, Thus says Yahveh God of David your father, I have heard your prayer, I have seen your tears, Behold I will add to your days five and ten years. [§]
Halokh ve'amarta el Chizkiyahu koh amar Yahveh Elohei David avikha shamati et tefilatekha ra'iti et dim'atekha hineni yosef al yamekha chamesh esreh shanah.
'Halokh' means 'going', 've'amarta' means 'and you said', 'el' means 'to', 'Chizkiyahu' is the proper name Hezekiah, 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'David' is the proper name David, 'avikha' means 'your father', 'shamati' means 'I have heard', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'tefilatekha' means 'your prayer', 'ra'iti' means 'I have seen', 'dim'atekha' means 'your tears', 'hineni' means 'Behold, I am here', 'yosef' means 'I will add', 'al' means 'to/over', 'yamekha' means 'your days', 'chamesh' means 'five', 'esreh' means 'ten', 'shanah' means 'year' (plural in this construct meaning years).
[ISA.38.6] I will save you from the hand of the king of Assyria, and I will protect this city. [§]
Umi kaf melek Assur atzilka ve'et ha'ir hazot ve'ganoti al ha'ir hazot.
'Umi' means 'and from', 'kaf' means 'hand', 'melek Assur' means 'king of Assyria', 'atzilkha' means 'I will save you', 've'et' means 'and the', 'ha'ir' means 'city', 'hazot' means 'this', 've'ganoti' means 'and I will guard or defend', 'al' means 'against or over', the second 'ha'ir hazot' repeats 'the city this'.
[ISA.38.7] And this for you is the sign from Yahveh, which Yahveh will do, the word this which He spoke. [§]
vezeh lekha ha'ot mei'et Yahveh asher ya'aseh Yahveh et-hadavar hazeh asher diber.
've' means 'and', 'zeh' means 'this', 'lekha' means 'to you', 'ha''ot' means 'the sign', 'mei'et' means 'from (the hand of) Yahveh', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'ya'aseh' means 'will do' or 'shall make', 'et' is a direct‑object particle, 'hadavar' means 'the word' or 'the matter', 'hazeh' means 'this', and the final 'asher' again means 'that/which' and 'diber' means 'spoke'.
[ISA.38.8] Here I am returning the shadow of the elevations that descended in the elevations of Ahaz in the sun later ten elevations, and the sun returned ten elevations in the elevations that descended. [§]
Hineni meshiv et-tzel ha-ma'alot asher yardeha bema'alot Achaz ba-shemesh achronit eser ma'alot vatashev ha-shemesh eser ma'alot ba-ma'alot asher yarada Samekh
'Hineni' means 'Here I am', 'meshiv' means 'returning' or 'turning back', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'tzel' means 'shadow', 'ha-ma'alot' means 'the elevations' or 'the steps', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'yardeha' means 'went down' or 'descended', 'bema'alot' means 'in the elevations', 'Achaz' is a proper name, 'ba-shemesh' means 'in the sun', 'achronit' means 'later' or 'subsequent', 'eser' means 'ten', 'ma'alot' again 'elevations', 'vatashev' means 'and returned', 'ha-shemesh' again 'the sun', 'ba-ma'alot' again 'in the elevations', 'asher' again 'that/which', 'yarada' means 'went down', 'Samekh' is a section marker.
[ISA.38.9] Letter to Hezekiah, king of Judah, in his illness, and he lived after his sickness. [§]
Mikhtav leChizkiyahu melech Yehudah baChaloto vaychi meChalyo.
'Mikhtav' means 'letter', 'leChizkiyahu' means 'to Hezekiah', 'melech' means 'king', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'baChaloto' means 'in his illness', 'vaychi' means 'and he lived', 'meChalyo' means 'from his sickness' (i.e., after his sickness).
[ISA.38.10] I said, in my blood my days I will go by the gates of the realm of the dead; I have been appointed the remainder of my years. [§]
Ani amarti b'dmi yamai eilech b'shaarei sheol puqqadti yder shenotai.
'Ani' means 'I', 'amarti' means 'I said', 'b'dmi' means 'in my blood', 'yamai' means 'my days', 'eilech' means 'I will go', 'b'shaarei' means 'by the gates of', 'sheol' means 'the realm of the dead', 'puqqadti' means 'I have been appointed' or 'I was assigned', 'yder' means 'the remainder', 'shenotai' means 'my years'.
[ISA.38.11] I said I will not see Yah Yah in the land of the living; I will not look at man any longer with the dwellers of Chadel. [§]
Amarti lo ereh Yah Yah be'eretz ha chayyim lo avit adam od im yoshvei chadel.
'Amarti' means 'I said', 'lo' means 'not', 'ereh' means 'see', 'Yah Yah' is a short form of YHVH and is rendered here as 'Yah' (the divine name), 'be'eretz' means 'in the land', 'ha chayyim' means 'the living', 'avit' means 'I will look' (negative here), 'adam' means 'man', 'od' means 'anymore', 'im' means 'with', 'yoshvei' means 'inhabitants of' or 'dwellers with', and 'chadel' is a proper name kept as is.
[ISA.38.12] My generation journeys and is revealed from me like the tent of my shepherd; I have bound my life like a net from a trap that will seize me from day to night, and it will deliver me. [§]
dori nissa venigla mini ke'ohél ro'i kipatti ka'oreg chayyai midalla yevatze'eni miyom ad-layla tashlimeni.
'dori' means 'my generation', 'nissa' means 'travels', 'venigla' means 'and is revealed', 'mini' means 'from me', 'ke'ohél' means 'like a tent', 'ro'i' means 'my shepherd', 'kipatti' means 'I have bound' or 'I have gathered', 'ka'oreg' means 'like a net', 'chayyai' means 'my life', 'midalla' means 'from a trap', 'yevatze'eni' means 'that will seize me', 'miyom' means 'from day', 'ad-layla' means 'to night', 'tashlimeni' means 'will deliver me' or 'will bring me to completion'.
[ISA.38.13] I set until morning like a lion; so he will break all my bones, from day to night he will deliver me. [§]
Shiviti ad-boker ka'ari ken yeshaver kol-atzmotai mi-yom ad-laila tashlimeni.
'Shiviti' means 'I have set' or 'I place', 'ad' means 'until', 'boker' means 'morning', 'ka'ari' means 'like a lion', 'ken' means 'so' or 'thus', 'yeshaver' means 'will break', 'kol' means 'all', 'atzmotai' means 'my bones', 'mi-yom' means 'from day', 'ad-laila' means 'to night', 'tashlimeni' means 'will deliver me' or 'will bring me to completion'. The phrase 'ka'ari' is an idiom for fierce or aggressive action, rendered here as a literal comparison to a lion.
[ISA.38.14] Like a horse, naked, so I will crush, I will gnaw like a dove; my eyes are downcast to the heights; my Lord, it has become hard for me, it has made me weary. [§]
kesus agur ken atzaptzef ehge kayona dallu einai lamarram adonai ashqah-li arbeini
'kesus' means 'like a horse', 'agur' means 'naked', 'ken' means 'thus' or 'so', 'atzaptzef' means 'I will crush' or 'I will break', 'ehge' means 'I will gnaw' or 'I will chew', 'kayona' means 'like a dove', 'dallu' means 'low' or 'downcast', 'einai' means 'my eyes', 'lamarram' means 'to the heights' or 'to the high place', 'adonai' means 'my Lord', 'ashqah-li' means 'has hardened to me' or 'has become hard for me', 'arbeini' means 'has made me weary' or 'has turned me to night'.
[ISA.38.15] What shall I speak and say to me, and he has done? I will endure all my years in the bitterness of my soul. [§]
Mah-adabber ve-amar-li ve-hu asah edaddeh kol-shenotai al-mar nafshi.
'Mah' means 'what', 'adabber' means 'I shall speak', 've-amar' means 'and say', 'li' means 'to me' (or 'for me'), 've-hu' means 'and he', 'asah' means 'did' or 'made', 'edaddeh' means 'I will endure' or 'I will endure (it)', 'kol' means 'all', 'shenotai' means 'my years', 'al' means 'upon' or 'in', 'mar' means 'bitter', 'nafshi' means 'my soul'.
[ISA.38.16] My Lord, may they live upon them, and to all of them the life of my spirit, and cause me to dream, and give me life. [§]
Adonai aleihem yichyu ulekholbahen chayei ruhi vatachalimeni vehachayeni.
'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'aleihem' means 'upon them', 'yichyu' means 'they shall live', 'ulekholbahen' means 'and to all of them', 'chayei' means 'the life of', 'ruhi' means 'my spirit', 'vatachalimeni' means 'and cause me to dream', 'vehachayeni' means 'and give me life'.
[ISA.38.17] Behold, for peace is bitter to me, and you have made my soul laugh from destruction without because you have cast after your side all sins. [§]
Hinneh leshalom mar li mar ve'atta chasakta nafshi mishachot bli ki hishlakhta acharei gevcha kol chattaim.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold', 'leshalom' means 'for peace', 'mar' means 'bitter', 'li' means 'to me', the second 'mar' repeats 'bitter', 've'atta' means 'and you', 'chasakta' means 'you have made (my) soul laugh', 'nafshi' means 'my soul', 'mishachot' means 'from destruction', 'bli' means 'without', 'ki' means 'because', 'hishlakhta' means 'you have cast', 'acharei' means 'after', 'gevcha' means 'your side' (or 'your cheek'), 'kol' means 'all', 'chattaim' means 'sins'.
[ISA.38.18] For your thanksgiving is not the grave; death will praise you, and those who go down to the pit will not break your truth. [§]
Ki lo she'ol todeka mavet yehalelcha lo-yesabru yordei-bor el amittekha.
'Ki' means 'for', 'lo' means 'not', 'she'ol' means 'the netherworld' or 'grave', 'todeka' means 'your thanksgiving' or 'your gratitude', 'mavet' means 'death', 'yehalelcha' means 'will praise you', 'lo-yesabru' means 'will not break', 'yordei-bor' means 'those who go down to the pit', 'el' means 'to' or 'toward', 'amittekha' means 'your truth' or 'your fidelity'.
[ISA.38.19] Alive, alive, he knows you as I am today, a father to sons, declares to your truth. [§]
Chai chai hu yodekha kamoni hayom av levanim yodia el amitekh.
'Chai' means 'alive', the first 'Chai' is repeated for emphasis. 'Hu' means 'he'. 'Yodekha' means 'knows you' (from the root know). 'Kamoni' means 'like me' or 'as I am'. 'Hayom' means 'today' or 'this day'. 'Av' means 'father'. 'Levanim' means 'to sons' (plural). 'Yodia' means 'he declares' or 'he informs'. 'El' means 'to' (the preposition). 'Amitekh' means 'your truth'.
[ISA.38.20] Yahveh will save me, and I will sing my songs all the days of our lives on the house of Yahveh. [§]
Yahveh lehoshi'eni veunegnotai nenagen kol-yemei chayenu al-beit Yahveh.
'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH. 'lehoshi'eni' means 'to save me'. 'veunegnotai' means 'and my songs' (literally 'and my playing'). 'nenagen' means 'I shall sing' or 'I will make music'. 'kol-yemei' means 'all days of'. 'chayenu' means 'our lives'. 'al-beit' means 'on the house of'. The final 'Yahveh' repeats the divine name.
[ISA.38.21] And Isaiah said, 'Let them lift a vine of figs and they will spread upon the waste, and he will live.' [§]
Vayomer Yeshayahu Yisu develet te'enim ve-yimrechu al-hashchin ve-yechi.
'Vayomer' means 'And he said', 'Yeshayahu' is the name Isaiah, 'Yisu' means 'they will lift' or 'let them lift', 'develet' means 'a vine' (a thin rope-like growth), 'te'enim' means 'figs', 've-yimrechu' means 'and they will spread' or 'extend', 'al-hashchin' means 'upon the waste/ruins' (shchin is a word for desolate ground), and 've-yechi' means 'and he will live'.
[ISA.38.22] And Hezekiah said, 'What sign shall I have for going up to the house of Yahveh?' [§]
Vayomer Chizkiyahu ma ot ki ealeh beit Yahveh.
'Vayomer' means 'And he said', 'Chizkiyahu' means the personal name Hezekiah, 'ma' means 'what', 'ot' means 'sign', 'ki' means 'that' or 'for', 'ealeh' means 'I will go up', 'beit' means 'house', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
ISA.39
[ISA.39.1] At that time he sent Merodach Baladan son of Baladan, king of Babylon, books and gifts to Hezekiah, and he heard that he was ill and he was strengthened. [§]
ba et ha hi shalach Merodach Baladan ben-Baladan melech-Babel sefarim uminchah el-Hizkiyahu vayishma ki chalah vayechazek.
'ba et' means 'at the time', 'ha hi' means 'that', 'shalach' means 'sent', 'Merodach' is a proper name (the Babylonian official), 'Baladan' is part of the name, 'ben-Baladan' means 'son of Baladan', 'melech-Babel' means 'king of Babylon', 'sefarim' means 'books' or 'letters', 'uminchah' means 'and gifts' (a type of offering), 'el-Hizkiyahu' means 'to Hezekiah', 'vayishma' means 'and he heard', 'ki' means 'that', 'chalah' means 'he was ill', 'vayechazek' means 'and he was strengthened' (i.e., recovered).
[ISA.39.2] And Hezekiah rejoiced over them, and he saw the house of Nekothah, the silver, the gold, the spices, the good oil, all the vessels of his house, and everything that was found in his storerooms. There was not a thing that Hezekiah did not show in his house and in all his dominion. [§]
vayissimach aleihem Chizkiyahu vayarei'em et-bet Nekothah et-hakesef ve-et-hazahav ve-et-habshamim ve-et-hashen hatov ve-et kol-beit kelav ve-et kol-asher nimtsa be'otzrotav lo hayah davar asher lo heram Chizkiyahu bebeitoh uvechol memshalto.
'vayissimach' means 'and he rejoiced', 'aleihem' means 'over them', 'Chizkiyahu' means 'Hezekiah', 'vayarei'em' means 'and he saw', 'et-bet' means 'the house of', 'Nekothah' is a personal name, 'et-hakesef' means 'the silver', 've-et-hazahav' means 'and the gold', 've-et-habshamim' means 'and the spices', 've-et-hashen' means 'and the oil', 'hatov' means 'good', 've-et kol-beit' means 'and all the house of', 'kelav' means 'its vessels', 've-et kol-asher' means 'and everything that', 'nimtsa' means 'was found', 'be'otzrotav' means 'in his storerooms', 'lo hayah davar' means 'there was not a thing', 'asher lo heram' means 'that he did not show', 'bebeitoh' means 'in his house', 'uvechol memshalto' means 'and in all his dominion'.
[ISA.39.3] And Isaiah the prophet came to the king Hezekiah, and he said to him, "What did these men say and from where will they come to you?" And Hezekiah said, "From a distant land they have come to me from Babylon." [§]
Vayavo Yeshayahu haNavi el ha-melekh Chizkiyahu vayomer elav ma amru ha'anashim ha'ele u-me'ayin yavo'u elekha vayomer Chizkiyahu me'eretz rechokah bau elai miBabel.
'Vayavo' means 'and he came', 'Yeshayahu' is the name Isaiah, 'haNavi' means 'the prophet', 'el' means 'to', 'ha-melekh' means 'the king', 'Chizkiyahu' is the name Hezekiah, 'vayomer' means 'and he said', 'elav' means 'to him', 'ma' means 'what', 'amru' means 'they said', 'ha'anashim' means 'the men', 'ha'ele' means 'these', 'u-me'ayin' means 'and from where', 'yavo'u' means 'will come', 'elekha' means 'to you', 'vayomer' again means 'and he said', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land of', 'rechokah' means 'a distant place', 'bau' means 'they came', 'elai' means 'to me', 'miBabel' means 'from Babylon'.
[ISA.39.4] And he said, "What have they seen in your house?" And Hezekiah answered, "All that is in my house they have seen; there was no thing that they have not seen in my treasuries." [§]
Vayomer ma ra'u beveitecha vayomer Chizkiyahu et kol asher beveiti ra'u lo hayah davar asher lo hiritim beotzrotai.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'ma' means 'what', 'ra'u' means 'they saw', 'beveitecha' means 'in your house', 'vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Chizkiyahu' means 'Hezekiah', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'asher' means 'that which', 'beveiti' means 'in my house', 'ra'u' means 'they saw', 'lo' means 'not', 'hayah' means 'was', 'davar' means 'thing', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo' means 'not', 'hiritim' means 'they have seen', 'beotzrotai' means 'in my treasuries'.
[ISA.39.5] And Isaiah said to Hezekiah, Listen to the word of Yahveh hosts. [§]
Vayomer Yeshayahu el-Chizkiyahu Shema dvar Yahweh Tzevaot.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'Yeshayahu' is the name Isaiah, 'el-Chizkiyahu' means 'to Hezekiah', 'Shema' means 'listen', 'dvar' means 'word', 'Yahweh' is the literal translation of YHVH as 'Yahveh', and 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in the armies of God).
[ISA.39.6] Behold, days are coming and all that is in your house and that which your fathers stored until this day will be carried to Babylon; not a word will remain, says Yahveh. [§]
Hinneh yamim ba'im ve-nisa kol asher beveitecha veasher atzru avotecha ad hayom haze babel lo yivater davar amar Yahveh.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold', 'yamim' means 'days', 'ba'im' means 'are coming', 've-nisa' means 'and will be carried off', 'kol' means 'all', 'asher' means 'that which', 'beveitecha' means 'in your house', 'veasher' means 'and that which', 'atzru' means 'your fathers stored', 'avotecha' means 'your fathers', 'ad' means 'until', 'hayom' means 'the day', 'haze' means 'this', 'babel' means 'Babylon', 'lo' means 'not', 'yivater' means 'will remain', 'davar' means 'a word', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[ISA.39.7] And from your children that go out from you, that you beget, they will be taken, and they will be servants in the palace of the king of Babylon. [§]
umibannecha asher yetzu mimmekha asher tolid yikachu vehayu sarisim beheikal melek bavel.
'u' means 'and', 'mi' means 'from', 'bannecha' means 'your children', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'yetzu' means 'will go out', 'mimmekha' means 'from you', 'asher' again means 'who/that', 'tolid' means 'you beget' or 'you cause to be born', 'yikachu' means 'they will take', 've' means 'and', 'hayu' means 'they will be', 'sarisim' means 'servants' or 'officers', 'be' means 'in', 'heikal' means 'the palace', 'melek' means 'king', 'bavel' means 'Babylon'.
[ISA.39.8] And Hezekiah said to Isaiah, 'Good is the word of Yahveh which you have spoken,' and he said, 'There will be peace and truth in my days.' [§]
Vayomer Hezekiyahu el Yeshayahu tov devar Yahveh asher dibarta vayomer ki yihyeh shalom veemet beyamai.
'Vayomer' means 'and said', 'Hezekiyahu' is the name Hezekiah, 'el' means 'to', 'Yeshayahu' is the name Isaiah, 'tov' means 'good', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'asher' means 'which', 'dibarta' means 'you have spoken', 'vayomer' again means 'and he said', 'ki' means 'that' or 'that it will be', 'yihyeh' means 'will be', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'veemet' means 'and truth', 'beyamai' means 'in my days'.
ISA.40
[ISA.40.1] Comfort, comfort my people, says your Gods. [§]
Nachamu nachamu ami yomar elohichem.
'Nachamu' means 'comfort', repeated for emphasis. 'ami' means 'my people'. 'yomar' means 'says'. 'elohichem' is the plural noun 'Elohim' meaning 'the Gods' with the possessive suffix 'your', so 'your Gods'.
[ISA.40.2] Speak concerning the heart of Jerusalem and call her, because her host is full, because her guilt is satisfied, because she has taken from the hand of Yahveh twice in all her sins. [§]
Dabru al-lev Yerushalayim ve-qiru eleha ki maleah tzvaha ki nirtzah avonah ki lakha mi-yad Yahveh kiplayim bechol-chattoteha.
'Dabru' means 'speak', 'al-lev' means 'concerning the heart', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 've-qiru' means 'and call', 'eleha' means 'to her', 'ki' means 'because', 'maleah' means 'is full', 'tzvaha' means 'her host', 'nirtzah' means 'is satisfied', 'avonah' means 'her guilt', 'lakha' means 'has taken', 'mi-yad' means 'from the hand of', 'Yahveh' means the divine name YHVH, 'kiplayim' means 'twice', 'bechol-chattoteha' means 'in all her sins'.
[ISA.40.3] A voice calling in the desert, turn the way of Yahveh; they go straight in the wilderness, a pathway to our God. [§]
Kol kore ba-midbar panu derekh YHVH yashru ba'aravah mesila leEloheinu.
'Kol' means 'voice', 'kore' means 'calling', 'ba-midbar' means 'in the desert', 'panu' means 'turn' or 'prepare', 'derekh' means 'the way', 'YHVH' is the divine name transliterated as 'Yahveh', 'yashru' means 'they go straight' or 'they make straight', 'ba'aravah' means 'in the wilderness', 'mesila' means 'a pathway' or 'road', 'leEloheinu' means 'to our God' (Eloheinu = our God).
[ISA.40.4] Every valley will be lifted up, and every mountain and hill will be brought low; and the crooked will become straight, and the rough places will be made level. [§]
Kol gei yinnase ve-kol har ve-givah yishpalu ve-hayah heakob le-mishor ve-harkasaim le-viqah.
'Kol' means 'every', 'gei' means 'valley', 'yinnase' means 'will be lifted up', 've' is 'and', 'har' means 'mountain', 'givah' means 'hill', 'yishpalu' means 'will be brought low', 'hayah' means 'it shall be', 'heakob' means 'the crooked', 'le-mishor' means 'to straight', 'harkasaim' means 'the rough places', 'le-viqah' means 'to level'.
[ISA.40.5] And the glory of Yahveh will be revealed, and all flesh will see together, because the mouth of Yahveh has spoken. [§]
veniglah kavod Yahveh vereau kol-basar yachdav ki pi Yahveh diber.
've' means 'and', 'niglah' means 'will be revealed' or 'will be shown', 'kavod' means 'glory', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 've' again means 'and', 'rau' means 'they saw', 'kol-basar' means 'all flesh' (all humanity), 'yachdav' means 'together', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'pi' means 'the mouth of', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'diber' means 'spoke' or 'has spoken'.
[ISA.40.6] A voice says, 'Call', and says, 'What shall I call? All flesh is grass, and all his kindness is like a blossom of the field.' [§]
Kol omer kera ve'amar mah ekra kol-habasar chatzir ve'kol-chasdo ke'tzitz hasade.
'Kol' means 'voice', 'omer' means 'says', 'kera' means 'call', 've'amar' means 'and says', 'mah' means 'what', 'ekra' means 'shall I call', 'kol-habasar' means 'all the flesh', 'chatzir' means 'grass', 've'kol-chasdo' means 'and all his kindness', 'ke'tzitz' means 'like a blossom', 'hasade' means 'the field'.
[ISA.40.7] Dry grass, a withered sprout, because the wind of Yahveh has blown in it; indeed grass of the people. [§]
Yaveish chatzir navel tzitz ki ruach Yahveh nashvah bo achen chatzir haam.
'Yaveish' means 'dry' (verb), 'chatzir' means 'grass' or 'hay', 'navel' means 'withered' or 'brittle', 'tzitz' means 'sprout' or 'young shoot', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'ruach' means 'wind' (or spirit), 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'nashvah' means 'blown' or 'has blown', 'bo' means 'in it', 'achen' means 'indeed' or 'surely', 'chatzir' again means 'grass', and 'haam' means 'the people'.
[ISA.40.8] Dry grass, withered sprout, and the word of our God will stand forever. [§]
Yabesh chatzir navel tzitz u-dvar-Eloheinu yakum le'olam.
'Yabesh' means 'dry', 'chatzir' means 'grass', 'navel' (na'vel) means 'withered' or 'stunted', 'tzitz' means 'sprout' or 'shoot', 'u-dvar' means 'and the word', 'Eloheinu' means 'our God' (with 'El' translated as 'God'), 'yakum' means 'will stand' or 'will arise', 'le'olam' means 'forever' or 'for eternity'. The final 'S' is a scribal marker indicating the end of the verse and is omitted in translation.
[ISA.40.9] On the high mountain, rise up, O messenger of Zion; lift your voice with strength, O messenger of Jerusalem; lift, do not be afraid, say to the cities of Judah, behold your God. [§]
Al har-gavoh al-i-lakh mevaseret Tziyon harimi bakhoach kolekh mevaseret Yerushalayim harimi al-tira'i imri le-arei Yehudah hineh Eloheichem.
'Al' means 'on', 'har-gavoh' means 'the high mountain', 'al-i-lakh' means 'rise up (to you)', 'mevaseret' means 'the one who brings news', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion', 'harimi' means 'lift', 'bakhoach' means 'with strength', 'kolekh' means 'your voice', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'al-tira'i' means 'do not be afraid', 'imri' means 'say', 'le-arei' means 'to the cities', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'hineh' means 'behold', and 'Eloheichem' is the plural form of Elohim with a second‑person possessive, literally 'your God' (the literal translation of the divine name as instructed).
[ISA.40.10] Behold my Lord Yahveh will come with strength, and his arm is his rule. Behold his reward is with him, and his work is before him. [§]
Hinneh Adonai Yahveh bechazak yavo uzero'o moshela lo hinneh sekharo ito ufe'ulato lefanav.
'Hinneh' means 'Behold', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'bechazak' means 'with strength', 'yavo' means 'he will come', 'uzero'o' means 'and his arm', 'moshela' means 'rule' or 'dominion', 'lo' means 'his', 'hinneh' again means 'Behold', 'sekharo' means 'his reward', 'ito' means 'with him', 'ufe'ulato' means 'and his work/act', 'lefanav' means 'before him'.
[ISA.40.11] As a shepherd he tends his flock; with his arm he gathers the weak, and in his bosom he carries burdens, and he leads them. [§]
Keroe edro yireh bizro'o yekabetz t'laim uvecheiko yisa alot yenahél.
'Keroe' means 'as a shepherd', 'edro' means 'his flock', 'yireh' means 'he tends/shepherds', 'bizro'o' means 'with his arm', 'yekabetz' means 'he gathers', 't'laim' means 'the weak' or 'the frail', 'uvecheiko' means 'and in his bosom', 'yisa' means 'he carries', 'alot' means 'burdens' or 'loads', 'yenahél' means 'he leads' or 'he guides'.
[ISA.40.12] Who measured in his rod water and heavens with a rod set, and all in the third dust of the earth, and weighed with the scales the heights and hills in balances. [§]
Mi madad be-sha'alo mayim ve-shamayim ba-zeret tikken ve-kol ba-shalish afar ha-aretz ve-shakal ba-peles ha-rim u-gev'ot be-moznayim.
'Mi' means 'who', 'madad' means 'measured', 'be-sha'alo' means 'in his measure', 'mayim' means 'water', 've-shamayim' means 'and heavens', 'ba-zeret' means 'with a rod' (or 'with a scepter'), 'tikken' means 'you will set' or 'shall be set', 've-kol' means 'and all', 'ba-shalish' means 'in the third' (an idiom for a portion), 'afar' means 'dust', 'ha-aretz' means 'the earth', 've-shakal' means 'and weighed', 'ba-peles' means 'with the scales', 'ha-rim' means 'the heights' or 'the mountains', 'u-gev'ot' means 'and hills', 'be-moznayim' means 'in balances'.
[ISA.40.13] Who can prepare the spirit of Yahveh, and a man will make his counsel known? [§]
mi tikhen et ruach Yahveh ve'ish atzato yodienu.
'mi' means 'who', 'tikhen' means 'will prepare' or 'will set up' (future 2nd person singular), 'et' is a direct‑object marker with no English equivalent, 'ruach' means 'spirit' or 'wind', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 've'ish' means 'and a man', 'atzato' means 'his counsel' (possessive form), 'yodienu' means 'will make known to him' or 'will inform him'. The phrase 'tikhen et ruach Yahveh' is an idiom for 'to arrange or ready the divine spirit', and 've'ish atzato yodienu' conveys that a human will reveal his own counsel.
[ISA.40.14] Who counsels him and makes him understand, and teaches him the way of justice, and gives him knowledge and the way of insight, he makes it known to him. [§]
Et mi noatz vayevinehu vayelammedhu beorach mishpat vayelammedhu daat ve derekh tevunot yodienu.
'Et' is a grammatical marker of the direct object. 'mi' means 'who' or 'whom'. 'noatz' means 'counsells' or 'advises'. 'vayevinehu' means 'and makes him understand'. 'vayelammedhu' means 'and teaches him'. 'beorach mishpat' means 'in the way of judgment' or 'in the path of justice'. 'vayelammedhu daat' means 'and gives him knowledge'. 've derekh tevunot' means 'and the way of insight/understanding'. 'yodienu' means 'he makes it known to him' or 'he reveals to him'.
[ISA.40.15] Behold, nations are like bitter poison, and the scales are weighed as a mockery; behold, stones are like a twig that will fall. [§]
Hen goyim ke-mar midli u-keshachak moznayim necheshavu hen iyim ka-dak yittol.
'Hen' means 'behold', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'ke-mar' means 'like bitter', 'midli' is a rare word understood as 'poison' or 'sting', 'u-keshachak' means 'and like mockery', 'moznayim' means 'scales', 'necheshavu' means 'they have been weighed', the second 'hen' repeats 'behold', 'iyim' means 'stones', 'ka-dak' means 'like a twig', and 'yittol' means 'will fall'.
[ISA.40.16] To Lebanon there is no fire, and his life has no rising. [§]
Ulevanon ein dei ba'er vechayyato ein dei ola.
'Ulevanon' means 'to Lebanon', 'ein' means 'there is not' or 'none', 'dei' is a connective particle roughly meaning 'of' or 'for', 'ba'er' means 'fire', 'vechayyato' means 'and his life', 'ola' means 'rising' or 'going up'.
[ISA.40.17] All the nations are as nothing before Yahveh; from nothing and void they were counted for Yahveh. [§]
kol-haggoiym ke'ayin negedo me'efes vatohu necheshvu lo.
'kol' means 'all', 'ha'ggoiym' means 'the nations', 'ke'ayin' means 'as nothing', 'negedo' means 'before Him', 'me'efes' means 'from nothing', 'vatohu' means 'and void/emptiness', 'necheshvu' means 'they were counted' or 'considered', 'lo' is a pronoun referring to Yahveh.
[ISA.40.18] And to whom will you compare God, and what likeness will you make for Him. [§]
ve el mi tedammun el u mah demut taarkhu lo
've' means 'and', 'el' means 'to' or 'toward', 'mi' means 'who', 'tedammun' means 'you will compare' (from the root damah 'to liken'), the second 'el' is the name of God translated as 'God', 'u' means 'and', 'mah' means 'what', 'demut' means 'likeness' or 'image', 'taarkhu' means 'you will make' (from the root 'arakh' 'to shape, fashion'), 'lo' means 'to him' or 'for him'.
[ISA.40.19] The idol was fashioned by a craftsman and a smelter; they will tear it in gold, and the silver earrings will be smelted. [§]
ha-pesel nasakh charash ve-tzoref ba-zahav yerakke'enu u-retukot kesef tzoref.
'ha-pesel' means 'the idol', 'nasakh' means 'has been made' or 'was fashioned', 'charash' means 'craftsman', 've-tzoref' means 'and smelter', 'ba-zahav' means 'in gold', 'yerakke'enu' means 'they will tear it', 'u-retukot' means 'and earrings', 'kesef' means 'silver', 'tzoref' means 'smelting' or 'smelter'.
[ISA.40.20] The appointed offering, a tree that will not rot, will be chosen; a wise craftsman will seek it to fashion a statue that will not be moved. [§]
ha-mesukan terumah etz lo-yirkab yivchar charash chacham yevakesh-lo lehakkin pesel lo yimmot.
'ha-mesukan' means 'the appointed', 'terumah' means 'offering', 'etz' means 'tree', 'lo-yirkab' means 'will not rot', 'yivchar' means 'will be chosen', 'charash' means 'craftsman', 'chacham' means 'wise', 'yevakesh-lo' means 'will seek for it', 'lehakkin' means 'to prepare/make', 'pesel' means 'idol or statue', 'lo yimmot' means 'will not move'.
[ISA.40.21] Have you not known? Have you not heard? Has it not been declared from the beginning to you? Have you not understood the foundations of the earth? [§]
Halo ted'u halo tishma'u halo huggad merosh lakhem halo havinotem mosdot haaretz.
'Halo' means 'have you not' or 'is it not', 'ted\'u' means 'you (plural) know', 'tishma\'u' means 'you (plural) hear', 'huggad' means 'was declared', 'merosh' means 'from the head' i.e., 'from the beginning', 'lakhem' means 'to you', 'havinotem' means 'you (plural) understand', 'mosdot' means 'foundations', 'haaretz' means 'the earth'.
[ISA.40.22] The one who sits upon the circle of the earth, and its inhabitants like circles, the one who spreads like a dome the heavens, and stretched them like a tent for sitting. [§]
Ha-yoshev al-chug ha-aretz ve-yoshveha ka-chagavim ha-noteh ka-dok shamayim va-yimtacham ka-ohel la-shavet.
'Ha-yoshev' means 'the one who sits', 'al' means 'upon', 'chug' means 'circle' or 'orbit', 'ha-aretz' means 'the earth', 've-yoshveha' means 'and its inhabitants', 'ka-chagavim' means 'like circles' (from 'chagav' = circle), 'ha-noteh' means 'the one who spreads' or 'extends', 'ka-dok' means 'like a dome' (from 'dok' = spread out, dome-like), 'shamayim' means 'the heavens', 'va-yimtacham' means 'and he stretched them', 'ka-ohel' means 'like a tent', 'la-shavet' means 'for sitting' or 'to sit'.
[ISA.40.23] The one who gives nothing to the judges of the earth made it like emptiness. [§]
ha-noten roznim le'ayin shofthei eretz katohu asah.
'ha-noten' means 'the one who gives', 'roznim' means 'nothing' or 'emptiness', 'le'ayin' means 'to none' or 'for nothing', 'shofthei' means 'judges', 'eretz' means 'of the earth', 'katohu' means 'like void' or 'as emptiness', 'asah' means 'made'.
[ISA.40.24] Even they will not be planted, even they will not sow, even they will not take root in the land; their strength will be shaken and they will wither, and a drought like a fire will lift them. [§]
Af bal-nit-ta'u af bal-zo'ru af bal-sho'resh ba-aretz giz'am ve-gam-nashaf bahem vayivashu u-se'arah ka-kash tissa'em.
"Af" means "even" or "also". "Bal" is the negative particle "not". "Nit-ta'u" is the perfect passive of "to plant", meaning "they will be planted". "Zo'ru" is the perfect of "to sow", "they will sow". "Sho'resh" is the verb "to take root". "Ba-aretz" means "in the land". "Giz'am" means "their loins" (figuratively, their strength). "Ve-gam" means "and also". "Nashaf" is the verb "to blow" or "to gust", here "they will be blown". "Bahem" means "upon them". "Vayivashu" is the imperfect of "to become dry" or "to wither", "they will wither". "U-se'arah" means "and drought". "Ka-kash" means "like a fire" or "as a scorching heat". "Tissa'em" is the imperfect of "to lift" or "to raise", "it will lift them".
[ISA.40.25] And to whom will you liken me, and I will drink, he will say, Holy. [§]
ve'el-mi tedammiyuni ve-eshve yomar qadosh.
've' means 'and', 'el' means 'to', 'mi' means 'whom', so 've'el-mi' = 'and to whom'. 'tedammiyuni' is the future second‑person plural of the verb דמה meaning 'you will liken' with a first‑person singular object, i.e., 'you will liken me'. 've' again means 'and'. 'eshve' is the first‑person singular future of the verb שתה meaning 'I will drink'. 'yomar' is the third‑person singular future of the verb אמר meaning 'he will say'. 'qadosh' is the adjective 'holy' used as a noun, meaning 'the Holy One' or simply 'Holy'.
[ISA.40.26] Raise up your eyes high and see who created these, the One who brings forth their armies in number; for all of them in name he will call from the great forces and strong power, and a man is not denied. [§]
Seu marom einekhem ureu mi bara eleh hamotzi be-mispar tzevaam lekhullam be-shem yikra merov onim ve-amitz koach ish lo neadar.
'Seu' means 'raise up', 'marom' means 'high', 'einekhem' means 'your eyes', 'ureu' means 'and see', 'mi' means 'who', 'bara' means 'created', 'eleh' means 'these', 'hamotzi' means 'the one who brings forth', 'be-mispar' means 'in number', 'tzevaam' means 'their hosts', 'lekhullam' means 'for all of them', 'be-shem' means 'in name', 'yikra' means 'will call', 'merov' means 'from the abundance', 'onim' means 'forces' or 'spears', 've-amitz' means 'and strong', 'koach' means 'power', 'ish' means 'man', 'lo' means 'not', 'neadar' means 'will be denied or rejected'.
[ISA.40.27] Why would Jacob say, and Israel speak, that my way is hidden from Yahveh, and that my judgment will pass from the Gods. [§]
Lama tomar Ya'akov utedaber Yisrael nist'ra darchi meYahveh umeElohay mishpati ya'avor.
'Lama' means 'why', 'tomar' means 'you say', 'Ya'akov' is the proper name Jacob, 'utedaber' means 'and you speak', 'Yisrael' is the proper name Israel, 'nist'ra' (nis'terah) means 'is hidden', 'darchi' means 'my way', 'meYahveh' means 'from Yahveh', 'umeElohay' means 'from the Gods', 'mishpati' means 'my judgment', 'ya'avor' means 'will pass'.
[ISA.40.28] Did you not know, if you have not heard, O of the Gods of the world, Yahveh, Creator of the ends of the earth, will not be angry nor be frightened; there is no measure to his understanding. [§]
Halo yad'ata im lo shamat'ah Elohei olam Yahveh bore ketsot haaretz lo yiaf ve'lo yig'a ein heker li-t'vunato.
'Halo' means 'Did not you know' (a rhetorical question). 'yad'ata' means 'you knew'. 'im' means 'if'. 'lo' means 'not'. 'shamat'ah' means 'you heard'. 'Elohei' is the genitive form of 'Elohim' and is rendered as 'of the Gods'. 'olam' means 'everlasting' or 'world'. 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH. 'bore' means 'Creator'. 'ketsot' means 'ends' or 'extremities'. 'haaretz' means 'the earth'. 'lo' means 'not'. 'yiaf' means 'will be angry'. 've'lo' means 'nor not' i.e., 'nor'. 'yig'a' means 'will be terrified' or 'will be frightened'. 'ein' means 'there is no'. 'heker' means 'measure' or 'limit'. 'li-t'vunato' means 'to his understanding' (literally 'for his comprehension'). According to the naming rules: 'Elohei' is translated as 'of the Gods', 'Yahveh' as 'Yahveh', and other terms are rendered literally.
[ISA.40.29] He gives the wind strength, and to those without wings he multiplies (their) strength. [§]
Noten layyaef koach u'le'ein onim atsma yarbeh.
'Noten' means 'He gives', 'layyaef' means 'to the wind', 'koach' means 'strength', 'u'le'ein' means 'and to those without', 'onim' means 'wings', 'atsma' means 'strength', 'yarbeh' means 'he multiplies' or 'increases'.
[ISA.40.30] And the young men shall be ashamed, and they shall be terrified, and the youths shall be shamed as a disgrace. [§]
veyiapu ne'arim veyiga'u u'bachurim kashol yikkash'elu.
've-' means 'and' attached to the verb. 'yiapu' is the imperfect third‑person plural of the root ע-פ-ה meaning 'to be ashamed' – 'they will be ashamed'. 'ne'arim' means 'young men' or 'youths'. 'veyiga'u' is the imperfect third‑person plural of the root ג-ע meaning 'to be terrified, to tremble' – 'they will be terrified'. 'u' is the conjunction 'and'. 'bachurim' means 'the youths'. 'kashol' (with the root כ-ש-ל) here carries the sense of 'as a disgrace' or 'as a shame'. 'yikkash'elu' is the imperfect third‑person plural of the verb כ-ש-ל meaning 'to be shamed, to be disgraced' – 'they will be shamed'.
[ISA.40.31] And the ones of Yahveh will exchange strength, will raise a cloud like serpents; they will run and will not become weary, they will go and will not become faint. [§]
vekoiy Yahveh yahalifu koach ya'alu eber kannesharim yarutzu ve-lo yiga'u yelku ve-lo yi'afu.
'vekoiy' means 'and the ones' (a collective term), 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'yahhalifu' means 'will exchange', 'koach' means 'strength', 'ya'alu' means 'will raise up', 'eber' means 'a cloud', 'kannesharim' means 'like serpents', 'yarutzu' means 'will run', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yiga'u' means 'will become weary', 'yelku' means 'will go', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yi'afu' means 'will become faint'.
ISA.41
[ISA.41.1] Be silent to me, peoples and nations; they will exchange strength, they will draw near then they will speak together to the judgment we shall be drawn. [§]
ha-harishu elay iyim ulemim yachalifu choach yigshu az yedabberu yachdav lamishpat neqrava.
'ha-harishu' means 'be silent', 'elay' means 'to me', 'iyim' means 'people' (or 'tribes'), 'ulemim' means 'nations', 'yachalifu' means 'they will exchange', 'choach' means 'strength', 'yigshu' means 'they will draw near', 'az' means 'then', 'yedabberu' means 'they will speak', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'lamishpat' means 'to the judgment', 'neqrava' means 'we shall be drawn' or 'we shall be brought near'.
[ISA.41.2] Who will awaken from the east righteousness? He will call it to his foot; he will place before him the nations, and the kings will descend; he will make his sword like dust, like a shaking bow its shaft. [§]
Mi he'ir mimizrach tzedek yikra'ehu le-raglo yiten lefanav goyim u-melachim yarad yiten ke'afar charbo ke-kash nidaf kashto.
'Mi' means 'who', 'he'ir' means 'will awaken' or 'will raise', 'mimizrach' means 'from the east', 'tzedek' means 'righteousness' or 'justice', 'yikra'ehu' means 'he will call it', 'le-raglo' means 'to his foot', 'yiten' means 'he will give/put', 'lefanav' means 'before him', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'u-melachim' means 'and kings', 'yarad' means 'will descend' or 'will go down', 'ke'afar' means 'like dust', 'charbo' means 'his sword', 'ke-kash' means 'like a bow', 'nidaf' means 'shaken' or 'drawn', 'kashto' means 'its shaft'.
[ISA.41.3] He will chase them, he will pass peace, a road in his foot(s) will not come. [§]
Yirdefem yaavor shalom orach beraglav lo yavo.
'Yirdefem' means 'he will chase them', 'Yaavor' means 'he will pass', 'Shalom' means 'peace', 'Orach' means 'road', 'Beraglav' means 'in his foot(s)', 'Lo' means 'not', 'Yavo' means 'he will come' or 'enter'.
[ISA.41.4] Who has acted and done calls the generations from the beginning; I Yahveh am the First and the Last, I am He. [§]
Mi-phaal ve-asa koreh ha-dorot me-rosh ani Yahveh rishon ve-et acharonim ani-hu.
'Mi' means 'who', 'phaal' means 'acted' or 'did', 've-asa' means 'and did', 'koreh' means 'calls', 'ha-dorot' means 'the generations', 'me-rosh' means 'from the beginning', 'ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'rishon' means 'first', 've-et' is a conjunction meaning 'and', 'acharonim' means 'the last ones' or 'the latter', 'ani-hu' means 'I am he' or 'I am the one'.
[ISA.41.5] They saw men and they will fear; the ends of the earth will be amazed, they drew near and they were terrified. [§]
Rau imiyim ve yirau ketsot haaretz yecheradu karvu ve yeetayun.
'Rau' means 'they saw', 'imiyim' means 'men', 've' means 'and', 'yirau' means 'they will fear', 'ketsot' means 'the ends' or 'extremities', 'haaretz' means 'of the earth', 'yecheradu' means 'they will be astonished' or 'they will be amazed', 'karvu' means 'they drew near' or 'they approached', 've' means 'and', 'yeetayun' means 'they will be terrified' or 'they will be trembling'.
[ISA.41.6] A man will help his friend, and to his brother he will say be strong. [§]
Ish et-re'ehu ya'azru u-le'achiv yo'amar chazak.
'Ish' means 'man', 'et-re'ehu' means 'his friend' (the direct‑object marker et is not rendered in English), 'ya'azru' means 'will help' (future third‑person plural), 'u-le'achiv' means 'and to his brother', 'yo'amar' means 'he will say', 'chazak' means 'be strong'.
[ISA.41.7] And the craftsman strengthened the refiner, the grinding hammer, the alloy once, saying, "It is good for the binding," and he secured it with fastenings that will not move. [§]
Vayechazek Charash et Tzoraf machalik patish et holem paam omer laddevek tov hu vayechazkehu be masmerim lo yimmot.
'Vayechazek' means 'and he strengthened', 'Charash' means 'the artisan' or 'craftsman', 'et' is the object marker, 'Tzoraf' means 'the refiner' or 'metalworker', 'machalik' means 'grinder' or 'sharpening instrument', 'patish' means 'hammer', another 'et' marks the next object, 'holem' means 'the alloy' or 'the molten metal', 'paam' means 'once' or 'a time', 'omer' means 'says', 'laddevek' means 'to the glue' or 'for the binding', 'tov' means 'good', 'hu' means 'it is', 'vayechazkehu' means 'and he strengthened it', 'be masmerim' means 'with fastenings' or 'in the fittings', 'lo' means 'not', 'yimmot' means 'will move' or 'will be shaken'.
[ISA.41.8] And you, Israel, my servant Jacob, whom I have chosen, seed of Abraham, my beloved. [§]
ve'atta Yisrael avdi Ya'akov asher bechar'ticha zera Avraham ohevi.
've'atta' means 'and you', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'Ya'akov' means 'Jacob', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'bechar'ticha' means 'I have chosen you', 'zera' means 'seed', 'Avraham' means 'Abraham', 'ohevi' means 'my beloved'.
[ISA.41.9] That you have strengthened me from the ends of the earth and from its borders I called you, and I said to you, 'You are my servant, I have chosen you and have not despised you.' [§]
Asher hechezakhtik miktzot haaretz u'me'atzileha karatikha va'omar lekha avdi-atah bechartikha velo me'astikha.
'Asher' means 'that which' or 'who', 'hechezakhtik' means 'you strengthened (me)', 'miktzot' means 'from the ends', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'u'' means 'and', 'me'atzileha' means 'from its borders', 'karatikha' means 'I called you', 'va'omar' means 'and I said', 'lekha' means 'to you', 'avdi-atah' means 'you are my servant', 'bechartikha' means 'I have chosen you', 'velo' means 'and not', 'me'astikha' means 'I have despised you' (negative, i.e., 'I have not despised you').
[ISA.41.10] Do not be afraid, for I am with you; do not be dismayed, for I am your the Gods; I have strengthened you, also I have helped you, also I have upheld you with the right hand of my righteousness. [§]
Al-tira ki immacha ani; al-tishtaa ki-ani Elohecha imatzti-cha af-azar-ti-cha af-temak-ti-cha bi-yamin tzedki.
'Al-tira' means 'do not be afraid', 'ki' means 'for', 'immacha' means 'with you', 'ani' means 'I', 'al-tishtaa' means 'do not be dismayed', 'Elohecha' is the possessive form of 'Elohim' which is rendered literally as 'the Gods', 'imatzti-cha' means 'I have strengthened you', 'af' is a conjunction meaning 'also', 'azar-ti-cha' means 'I have helped you', 'temak-ti-cha' means 'I have upheld you', 'bi-yamin' means 'with the right hand', 'tzedki' means 'of my righteousness'. The divine name 'Elohim' is translated as the plural 'the Gods' even when used singularly, following the literal rule provided.
[ISA.41.11] Behold, they will be ashamed and humbled, all the diviners among you will become as nothing and will perish, the men of your dispute. [§]
Hen yevoshu veyikhalmu kol hanecherim bakha yihyu ke'ayin veyovdu anshei rivekha.
'Hen' means 'Behold', 'yevoshu' means 'they will be ashamed', 'veyikhalmu' means 'and they will be humbled', 'kol' means 'all', 'hanecherim' means 'the diviners' or 'fortune‑tellers', 'bakha' means 'in you' or 'among you', 'yihyu' means 'they will become', 'ke'ayin' means 'like nothing', 'veyovdu' means 'and they will be lost' or 'perish', 'anshei' means 'men of', 'rivekha' means 'your quarrel' or 'your dispute'.
[ISA.41.12] You will seek them and you will not find them; the men of your host will be as nothing and as none, the men of your war. [§]
Tebak'shem ve'lo timtsa'em anshei matzutekha yihyu ke'ayin u'ke'efes anshei milchamatekha.
'Tebak'shem' means 'you will seek them', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'timtsa'em' means 'you will find them', 'anshei' means 'the men of', 'matzutekha' means 'your formation/host', 'yihyu' means 'they will be', 'ke'ayin' means 'as nothing', 'u'ke'efes' means 'and as none', 'anshei milchamatekha' means 'the men of your war'. The phrase 'men of your formation' is an idiom for the troops or warriors that belong to you.
[ISA.41.13] For I am Yahveh, your Gods, holding your right hand, the one who says to you, do not be afraid, I helped you. [§]
Ki ani Yahveh Eloheikha machazik yemincha ha'omer lekha al-tira ani azartikha.
'Ki' means 'For', 'ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Eloheikha' means 'your Gods' (Elohim = the Gods), 'machazik' means 'holding', 'yemincha' means 'your right hand', 'ha'omer' means 'the one who says', 'lekha' means 'to you', 'al-tira' means 'do not be afraid', 'ani' again means 'I', 'azartikha' means 'helped you'.
[ISA.41.14] Do not be afraid, offspring of Jacob, the dead of Israel; I have helped you, says Yahveh, and your redeemer, Holy Israel. [§]
Al-tiri'i tola'at Ya'akov mete Yisrael ani azartich ne'um-Yahveh ve'go'alech Qodosh Yisrael.
'Al' means 'do not', 'tiri'i' means 'you (feminine) be afraid', 'tola\'at' means 'offspring' or 'progeny', 'Ya'akov' is the name Jacob, 'mete' means 'the dead' or 'death of', 'Yisrael' means Israel, 'ani' means 'I', 'azartich' means 'I have helped you', 'ne\'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh' (the literal rendering of YHVH), 've\'go'alech' means 'and your redeemer', 'Qodosh' means 'holy', and the final 'Yisrael' again means Israel.
[ISA.41.15] Behold, I have placed you as a sharp new pestle, master of whistles; you will crush the mountains and crush the hills like a pestle you will set. [§]
Hineh samtiich lemorag charutz chadash ba'al piphiyot tadush harim ve-tadok ugevot kamotz tashim.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'samtiich' means 'I have placed you', 'lemorag' means 'as a pestle', 'charutz' means 'sharp' or 'piercing', 'chadash' means 'new', 'ba'al' means 'owner' or 'master', 'piphiyot' means 'pipes' or 'whistles', 'tadush' means 'you will crush' or 'you will grind', 'harim' means 'mountains', 've-tadok' means 'and you will crush', 'ugevot' means 'and hills', 'kamotz' means 'like a pestle', 'tashim' means 'you will set' or 'you will place'.
[ISA.41.16] You will bind and the wind will carry them and a storm will scatter them and you will rejoice in Yahveh in the holy Israel you will be praised. [§]
tizrem veruach tisa'em use'arah tafits otam ve'atta tagil baYahveh bikdosh Yisrael titheallel.
'tizrem' means 'you will bind', 'veruach' means 'and wind', 'tisa'em' means 'will carry them', 'use'arah' means 'and a storm', 'tafits' means 'will scatter', 'otam' means 'them', 've'atta' means 'and you', 'tagil' means 'will rejoice', 'baYahveh' means 'in Yahveh', 'bikdosh' means 'in the holy', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'titheallel' means 'you will be praised'.
[ISA.41.17] The poor and the needy seeking water, but there is none for their tongue in the thirst; I Yahveh will answer them, God of Israel will not abandon them. [§]
ha'aniyyim veha'evyonim mevakshim mayim va'ayin le'shonam ba'tzameh nashatah aní Yahveh e'ane'em Elohei Yisrael lo e'azvem.
'ha'aniyyim' means 'the poor', 'veha'evyonim' means 'and the needy', 'mevakshim' means 'are seeking', 'mayim' means 'water', 'va'ayin' means 'and there is none', 'le'shonam' means 'for their tongue', 'ba'tzameh' means 'in the thirst', 'nashatah' means 'it is dry', 'aní' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'e'ane'em' means 'will answer them', 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'lo' means 'not', 'e'azvem' means 'will abandon them'.
[ISA.41.18] I will open upon streams and rivers, and within the cracks of the springs I will place a desert for a pool of water, and a dry land for those who draw water. [§]
Eftach al-shefayim neharot uvetoch beka'ot ma'yanot asim midbar la'agam-mayim ve'eretz tziyah le-motz'ei mayim.
'Eftach' means 'I will open', 'al' means 'upon', 'shefayim' means 'streams', 'neharot' means 'rivers', 'uvetoch' means 'and within', 'beka'ot' means 'cracks' or 'fissures', 'ma'yanot' means 'springs', 'asim' means 'I will set' or 'place', 'midbar' means 'desert', 'la'agam-mayim' means 'for a pool of water', 've'eretz' means 'and land', 'tziyah' means 'dry' or 'parched', 'le-motz'ei' means 'for those who draw out' or 'for the bringers of', 'mayim' means 'water'.
[ISA.41.19] I will set in the desert cedar, acacia, myrtle and olive tree; I will plant cypress, palm and box tree together. [§]
Ettén ba-middbar érez shittáh vehadash ve-etz shemen ashím ba-arevah be-rosh tiddahar u-te'ashur yachdav.
'Ettén' means 'I will give' or 'I will set', 'ba-middbar' means 'in the desert', 'erez' means 'cedar', 'shittáh' means 'acacia', 'vehadash' means 'and myrtle', 've-etz shemen' means 'and olive tree', 'ashím' means 'I will plant', 'ba-arevah' means 'in the marsh' or 'in the low place', 'be-rosh' means 'cypress', 'tiddahar' refers to a type of palm or fir tree, 'u-te'ashur' means 'and box tree', 'yachdav' means 'together'.
[ISA.41.20] In order that they may see and know and set and understand together, for the hand of Yahveh made this and the Holy One of Israel created it. [§]
Lema'an yir'u ve'yedu ve'yasimu ve'yas'khilu yachdavu ki yad-Yahveh asatah zot u'kedosh Yisrael berah.
'Lema'an' means 'in order that', 'yir'u' means 'they may see', 've'yedu' means 'and know', 've'yasimu' means 'and set', 've'yas'khilu' means 'and understand', 'yachdavu' means 'together', 'ki' means 'for', 'yad-Yahveh' means 'hand of Yahveh' (YHVH translated as Yahveh), 'asatah' means 'made', 'zot' means 'this', 'u'kedosh' means 'and the Holy One', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'berah' means 'created it'.
[ISA.41.21] Draw near, O your companions, says Yahveh; bring your stubbornness, says the King Jacob. [§]
Karvu rivkhem yomar Yahveh haggishu atzumoteykhem yomar Melekh Yaakov.
'Karvu' means 'draw near' (imperative plural of karov). 'rivkhem' means 'your companions' (riv = companion, friend; -khem = your). 'yomar' means 'he says'. 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH. 'haggishu' means 'bring forward' or 'present' (imperative plural of gashah). 'atzumoteykhem' means 'your stubbornness' (atzum = hardness, obstinacy; -eykhem = your). The second 'yomar' again means 'he says'. 'Melekh' means 'king' and 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob', together referring to the King of Jacob.
[ISA.41.22] They will bring and tell to us that which you will call the first ones, what they are, tell us and we will place in our heart and we will know their end, or the coming ones let them make us hear. [§]
Yaggishu ve yaggidu lanu et asher tiqrenah ha rishonot ma hena ha gidu ve nasimah libenu ve nedaa acharitan o ha bavot hashmiyunu.
'Yaggishu' means 'they will bring', 've' means 'and', 'yaggidu' means 'they will tell', 'lanu' means 'to us', 'et' is a marker of the direct object, 'asher' means 'that/which', 'tiqrenah' means 'you will call', 'ha rishonot' means 'the first ones', 'ma' means 'what', 'hena' means 'they are', 'ha gidu' means 'the tell' (imperative to tell), 've' means 'and', 'nasimah' means 'we will place', 'libenu' means 'our heart', 've' means 'and', 'nedaa' means 'we will know', 'acharitan' means 'their end', 'o' means 'or', 'ha bavot' means 'the coming ones', 'hashmiyunu' means 'let them make us hear'.
[ISA.41.23] Proclaim the signs to the future and let us know that you are the Gods, also you will do good and do evil, and we will be amazed and will see together. [§]
Hagidu ha'otiot le'achor ve'ned'a ki Elohim atem af-teitivu ve'tare'u ve'nishtaha ve'nir'eyachad.
'Hagidu' means 'announce', 'ha'otiot' means 'the signs', 'le'achor' means 'to the future', 've'ned'a' means 'and we will know', 'ki' means 'that', 'Elohim' means 'the Gods', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'af' means 'also', 'teitivu' means 'you will do good', 've'tare'u' means 'and you will do evil', 've'nishtaha' means 'and we will be amazed', 've'nir'eyachad' means 'and we will see together'.
[ISA.41.24] Behold, you are from where and your work from a point; an abomination will choose among you. [§]
Hen atem meayin upa'alchem meafa toevah yivchar bachem.
'Hen' means 'Behold', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'meayin' means 'from where' or 'from what place', 'u' is the conjunction 'and', 'pa'alchem' means 'your work' or 'your deeds', 'meafa' means 'from a point' or 'from a beginning', 'toevah' means 'abomination' or 'detestable thing', 'yivchar' means 'will choose' or 'will select', 'bachem' means 'among you' or 'in you'.
[ISA.41.25] The cities of the north and the east‑sun shall call upon my name, and bring shoots like clay, and like a creator will crush the tit. [§]
ha'iroti mi-tsafon vayyat mi-mizrach-shemesh yikra bi-shemi ve-yavo seganim kemo-chomer u-kemo yotser yirmas tit.
'ha'iroti' means 'the cities', 'mi-tsafon' means 'from the north', 'vayat' means 'and he/she/it will go', 'mi-mizrach-shemesh' means 'from the east‑sun', 'yikra' means 'shall call', 'bi-shemi' means 'in my name', 've-yavo' means 'and will bring', 'seganim' means 'shoots' or 'branches', 'kemo-chomer' means 'like clay', 'u-kemo' means 'and like', 'yotser' means 'the maker' or 'creator', 'yirmas' means 'will crush' or 'will grind', 'tit' is a short form of a proper noun or object (here rendered as 'tit').
[ISA.41.26] Who will tell from the beginning and we shall know, and from before we shall say the righteous; also there is no one who declares, also there is no one who makes heard, also there is no listener of your words. [§]
Mi higid me rosh ve nedaha u milpanim ve noamar tzaddik af ein magid af ein mashmia af ein shomea imrekhem.
'Mi' means 'who', 'higid' means 'will tell' or 'declare', 'me rosh' means 'from the beginning' or 'from the head', 've nedaha' means 'and we will know', 'u milpanim' means 'and from in front' or 'and before', 've noamar' means 'and we will say', 'tzaddik' means 'righteous', 'af' means 'also' or 'indeed', 'ein' means 'there is not' or 'none', 'magid' means 'one who declares or announces', 'mashmia' means 'one who makes heard', 'shomea' means 'listener or hearer', 'imrekhem' means 'your words' or 'your sayings'.
[ISA.41.27] First to Zion, behold, they are, and to Jerusalem a messenger I will give. [§]
Rishon leTziyon hineh hinam veLiyrushalayim mevaser eten.
'Rishon' means 'first' or 'chief', 'leTziyon' means 'to Zion', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'hinam' means 'they are' or 'behold them', 'veLiyrushalayim' means 'and to Jerusalem', 'mevaser' means 'messenger' or 'one who announces', 'eten' means 'I will give' (first‑person future of give).
[ISA.41.28] And I will see, and there is no man, and from these there is no counselor, and I will ask them, and they will answer a word. [§]
ve'ere ve'eyn ish u-me'eleh ve'eyn yo'etz ve'esh'aleim ve'yashivu dabar.
've'ere' means 'and I will see', 've'eyn' means 'and there is no', 'ish' means 'man', 'u-me'eleh' means 'and from these', the second 've'eyn' means 'and there is no', 'yo'etz' means 'counselor' or 'advisor', 've'esh'aleim' means 'and I will ask them', 've'yashivu' means 'and they will answer' or 'return', 'dabar' means 'a word' or 'thing'.
[ISA.41.29] Behold, all of them are wicked; their deeds are nothing, breath and emptiness, their vanities. [§]
Hen kullam aven efes ma'aseihem ruach vatohu niskeiem.
'Hen' means 'Behold', 'kullam' means 'all of them', 'aven' means 'wickedness' or 'evil', 'efes' means 'nothing' or 'no', 'ma'aseihem' means 'their deeds' (ma'aseh = deed, -hem = their), 'ruach' means 'breath' or 'spirit', 'vatohu' means 'and emptiness' (tohu = void), 'niskeiem' means 'their vanities' or 'their waste'. The final 'פ' is a paragraph marker and is not transliterated.
ISA.42
[ISA.42.1] Behold, my servant, I will support him; my chosen, my soul was pleased; I gave my spirit upon him; he will bring forth judgment to the nations. [§]
Hen avdi etmach-bo bechiri ratsah nafshi natati ruchi alav mishpat lagoyim yotzi.
'Hen' means 'Behold', 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'etmach-bo' means 'I will support him', 'bechiri' means 'my chosen', 'ratsah' means 'was pleased', 'nafshi' means 'my soul', 'natati' means 'I gave', 'ruchi' means 'my spirit', 'alav' means 'upon him', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'lagoyim' means 'to the nations', 'yotzi' means 'he will bring forth'.
[ISA.42.2] He will not cry out, nor will he lift his voice, nor will he make his voice heard outside. [§]
Lo yitsak ve-lo yisa ve-lo yashmia ba khuts koloh.
'Lo' means 'not', 'yitsak' means 'will cry out', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yisa' means 'will lift' (as in lift a voice), the second 've-lo' again means 'and not', 'yashmia' means 'will make heard', 'ba khuts' means 'outside', and 'koloh' means 'his voice'.
[ISA.42.3] A twisted reed will not break, and its split will not be extinguished; the truth will bring forth judgment. [§]
Kaneh ratzutz lo yishbor u'pishtah kehah lo yichabbenah le'emet yotzi mishpat.
'Kaneh' means 'reed' or 'cane', 'ratzutz' means 'twisted' or 'bent', 'lo' means 'not', 'yishbor' means 'will break', 'u'' means 'and', 'pishtah' means 'its split' or 'crack', 'kehah' means 'like a pot' or 'as a vessel', 'yichabbenah' means 'will be extinguished' or 'put out', 'le'emet' means 'the truth', 'yotzi' means 'will bring forth', 'mishpat' means 'judgment' or 'justice'.
[ISA.42.4] He will not strike nor run until he sets judgment on the earth, and to his law the righteous will trust. [§]
Lo yikheh ve'lo yarutz ad yasim ba'aretz mishpat uletoratoh iyim yeyacheilu.
'Lo' means 'not', 'yikheh' means 'he will strike', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'yarutz' means 'he will run', 'ad' means 'until', 'yasim' means 'he will set/establish', 'ba'aretz' means 'in the earth', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'uletoratoh' means 'and to his law', 'iyim' means 'the righteous', 'yeyacheilu' means 'they will hope or trust'.
[ISA.42.5] Thus said God Yahveh, creator of the heavens and (He) spreads them, spreader of the earth and its produce, giver of breath to the people upon it, and spirit for those who walk in it. [§]
Ko amar ha-el Yahveh boreh hashamayim ve-noteyhem roqa ha'aretz ve-tze'etze'ah noten neshama la'am aleha ve-ruach la'holechim bah.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'ha-el' means 'God', 'Yahveh' is the proper name of YHWH, 'boreh' means 'creator', 'hashamayim' means 'the heavens', 've-noteyhem' means 'and (He) spreads them', 'roqa' means 'spreader (of)', 'ha-aretz' means 'the earth', 've-tze'etze'ah' means 'and its produce', 'noten' means 'giver', 'neshama' means 'breath', 'la'am' means 'to the people', 'aleha' means 'upon it', 've-ruach' means 'and spirit', 'la'holechim' means 'for those who walk', 'bah' means 'in it'.
[ISA.42.6] I Yahveh have called you in righteousness and will hold you by your hand and will keep you and will give you a covenant of a people for the light of nations. [§]
Ani Yahveh keraticha be-tzedek ve-achzek be-yadek ve-etzarkha ve-etenkha livrit am le-or goyim.
'Ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'keraticha' means 'called you', 'be-tzedek' means 'in righteousness', 've-achzek' means 'and (I) will hold', 'be-yadek' means 'by your hand', 've-etzarkha' means 'and (I) will keep you', 've-etenkha' means 'and (I) will give you', 'livrit' means 'a covenant', 'am' means 'people', 'le-or' means 'for the light', 'goyim' means 'nations'.
[ISA.42.7] To open blind eyes, to bring a prisoner out of a jail house, the dwellers of darkness. [§]
Lifkoach einayim ivrot lehotzi mimassger asir mibet kela yoshevei choshekh.
'Lifkoach' means 'to open', 'einayim' means 'eyes', 'ivrot' means 'blind' (plural), 'lehotzi' means 'to bring out', 'mimassger' means 'from a prison', 'asir' means 'prisoner', 'mibet' means 'from a house', 'kela' means 'jail' or 'prison house', 'yoshevei' means 'dwellers of' or 'inhabitants of', 'choshekh' means 'darkness'.
[ISA.42.8] I Yahveh, he is my name and my glory; to another I will not give, and my praise to idols. [§]
Ani Yahveh hu shemi u'kavodi le'achar lo eten u'tehilati le-psilim.
'Ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'hu' means 'he' or 'it', 'shem' means 'name' with the first person suffix making 'my name', 'u'kavod' means 'and my glory', 'le'achar' means 'to another', 'lo' means 'not', 'eten' means 'I will give', 'u'tehilat' means 'and my praise', 'le-psilim' means 'to idols' (plural).
[ISA.42.9] The former ones, behold, they have come; and the new ones I proclaim. Before they blossom, I will make you hear. [§]
ha'ri'shonot hineh-ba'u va'kha'dashot aní maggid be'terem titzmachna ashmi'a etkhem.
'ha'ri'shonot' means 'the former ones', 'hineh-ba'u' means 'behold, they have come', 'va'kha'dashot' means 'and the new ones', 'aní' means 'I', 'magid' means 'declare' or 'proclaim', 'be'terem' means 'before', 'titzmachna' (feminine singular) means 'it will sprout' or 'it will blossom', 'ashmi'a' means 'I will cause to hear' or 'I will make heard', 'etkhem' means 'you' (plural).
[ISA.42.10] Sing to Yahveh a new song, his praise from the ends of the earth, those who descend to the sea and its fullness, the islands and those who live there. [§]
Shiru laYahveh shir chadash tehilato miketze haaretz yordei hayam u'melo'o iyim veyoshvehem.
'Shiru' means 'sing', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'shir' means 'song', 'chadash' means 'new', 'tehilato' means 'his praise', 'miketze haaretz' means 'from the ends of the earth', 'yordei hayam' means 'those who go down to the sea', 'u'melo'o' means 'and its fullness', 'iyim' means 'islands', 'veyoshvehem' means 'and those who dwell there'.
[ISA.42.11] Raise up the desert and its towns; the courts will sit, the cedar will rejoice, those who dwell in the rock shall shout from the tops of the mountains. [§]
Yissau midbar ve'arav chatzerim teshev kedar yarenu yoshvei sela merosh harim yitzvohu.
'Yissau' means 'raise up', 'midbar' means 'desert', 've'arav' means 'and its towns', 'chatzerim' means 'courts', 'teshev' means 'will sit', 'kedar' means 'cedar', 'yarenu' means 'will rejoice', 'yoshvei' means 'those who dwell', 'sela' means 'in the rock', 'merosh' means 'from the top of', 'harim' means 'the mountains', 'yitzvohu' means 'shall shout'.
[ISA.42.12] They will set glory and Yahveh's praise among the peoples, and they will proclaim it. [§]
Yasimu laYahveh kavod utehilato baayim yaggidu.
'Yasimu' means 'they will set', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'kavod' means 'glory', 'utehilato' means 'and his praise', 'baayim' means 'among the peoples', 'yaggidu' means 'they will proclaim'.
[ISA.42.13] Yahveh, like a mighty hero, will go forth; like a man of wars he will arouse jealousy, will shout, and his anger will blaze upon his enemies, and he will be mighty. [§]
Yahveh ka-gibor yetze ke'ish milchamot ya'ir kin'ah yaria af-yatsri'ach al-oyevav yitgabar.
'Yahveh' means the divine name YHVH rendered as Yahveh; 'ka' means 'like'; 'gibor' means 'mighty one' or 'hero'; 'yetze' means 'will go forth' or 'will come out'; 'ke'ish' means 'like a man'; 'milchamot' means 'wars' (plural, 'of wars'); 'ya'ir' means 'will arouse' or 'will raise'; 'kin'ah' means 'jealousy' or 'zeal'; 'yaria' means 'will shout' or 'will cry out'; 'af-yatsri'ach' combines 'af' ('and') with 'yatsri'ach' meaning 'his anger will blaze' or 'he will be furious'; 'al-oyevav' means 'upon his enemies'; 'yitgabar' means 'he will be mighty' or 'he will be exalted'.
[ISA.42.14] I have become silent from forever, I will be silent again, I will be restrained like a newborn, I will hide, I will be shameful and I will be ashamed together. [§]
Hechesheti meolam acharish etapak kayyolada ef'eh eshom veeshaf yachad.
'Hechesheti' means 'I have become silent' or 'I have hidden', 'meolam' means 'from eternity' or 'forever', 'acharish' means 'again' or 'still', 'etapak' means 'I will be restrained' or 'I will be held back', 'kayyolada' means 'like a newborn', 'ef'eh' means 'I will hide', 'eshom' means 'I will be shameful' or 'I will be accused', 'veeshaf' means 'and I will be ashamed', 'yachad' means 'together'.
[ISA.42.15] I will lay waste the mountains and the hills, and all their grass; I will make the rivers a waste for the peoples, and I will bring ruin. [§]
achariv ha-ramim ugev'ot vechol esevam ovesh vesamti neharot la'iyyim va'agamim ovesh.
'achariv' means 'I will lay waste' or 'I will bring ruin', 'ha-ramim' means 'the mountains', 'ugev'ot' means 'and the hills', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'esevam' means 'their grass', 'oves h' (here rendered as 'oves h') means 'I will bring ruin', 'vesamti' means 'and I will set' or 'make', 'neharot' means 'rivers', 'la'iyyim' means 'for the peoples' (or 'to the nations'), 'va'agamim' means 'and I will bring to (them)' or 'I will gather', and the final 'oves h' again means 'I will bring ruin'.
[ISA.42.16] And I will lead the blind on a road they do not know, on paths they do not know; I will place darkness before them instead of light, and obstacles for stumbling. These are the things I have done and have not abandoned them. [§]
veholakhti ivrim be'derekh lo yada'u binetivot lo-yad'u adrikhem asim machashakh lifneihem laor uma'akashim le'mishor eleh hadvarim asitim ve'lo azavtim.
'veholakhti' means 'and I will lead', 'ivrim' means 'the blind', 'be'derekh' means 'on the road', 'lo' means 'not', 'yada\'u' means 'they know', 'binetivot' means 'in paths', 'lo-yad\'u' means 'they do not know', 'adrikhem' means 'I will set', 'asim' means 'darkness', 'machashakh' means 'before them', 'laor' means 'instead of light', 'uma\'akashim' means 'and obstacles', 'le\'mishor' means 'for stumbling', 'eleh' means 'these', 'hadvarim' means 'things', 'asitim' means 'I have done', 've\'lo' means 'and not', 'azavtim' means 'I have abandoned them'.
[ISA.42.17] They have gone astray, they shall be ashamed, the confident in the idol who say to the statue, you are our God. [§]
Nasogu achor yevosh u boshet ha-botchim ba-pasel ha-omrim le-maskeha atem Eloheinu.
'Nasogu' means 'they have gone astray', 'achor' means 'behind' or 'afterwards', 'yevosh' means 'they will be ashamed', 'u' means 'and', 'boshet' means 'shame' (as a noun of condition), 'ha-botchim' means 'the confident' or 'those who trust', 'ba-pasel' means 'in the idol', 'ha-omrim' means 'the ones who say', 'le-maskeha' means 'to the statue' (maskeha = the carved image), 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'Eloheinu' means 'our God' (literally 'our God' from Elohim).
[ISA.42.18] The deaf hear, and the blind see. [§]
Ha-chereshim shema'u veha-ivrim habbitu lirot.
'Ha-chereshim' means 'the deaf', 'shema\'u' means 'they hear', 've' means 'and', 'ha-ivrim' means 'the blind', 'habbitu' means 'they look' or 'they see', 'lirot' means 'to see'.
[ISA.42.19] Who is blind except my servant, and deaf as my messenger I will send; who is blind as a slave and blind as a servant of Yahveh. [§]
Mi iver ki im-avdi vecheresh ke-malakhi eshlach mi iver kimshulam ve-iver ke-evved Yahveh.
'Mi' means 'who', 'iver' means 'blind', 'ki' means 'except' or 'because', 'im-avdi' means 'my servant', 'vecheresh' means 'and deaf', 'ke-malakhi' means 'as my messenger', 'eshlach' means 'I will send', 'kimshulam' means 'as a slave', 'ke-evved' means 'as a servant', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[ISA.42.20] Seeing many, and you will not guard open ears, and you will not hear. [§]
Raot rabbot veLo tishmor pakoch aznayim veLo yishma.
'Raot' means 'seeing', 'rabbot' means 'many', 'veLo' means 'and not', 'tishmor' means 'you will keep/guard', 'pakoch' means 'open', 'aznayim' means 'ears', 'veLo' again means 'and not', 'yishma' means 'he/she/it will hear'.
[ISA.42.21] Yahveh takes pleasure, for the sake of his righteousness, and will magnify the law and make it mighty. [§]
Yahveh chafetz lema'an tzidko yagdil Torah veyadir.
'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH. 'chafetz' means 'takes pleasure' or 'desires'. 'lema'an' means 'for the sake of' or 'in order that'. 'tzidko' is 'his righteousness' (tzidkah = righteousness, with the suffix -o = his). 'yagdil' is a future verb meaning 'will magnify' or 'will make great'. 'Torah' means 'law' or 'instruction'. 've' is the conjunction 'and'. 'yadir' is a future verb meaning 'will be mighty' or 'will glorify'.
[ISA.42.22] And he is a contemptible people and despised, the perverse among the youths, all of them, and in the houses of the unclean they hid; they were lowly, and there is no savior or sustainer, and no one speaks of a return. [§]
vehu am-bazuz ve-shasui hafech ba-churim kullam uve-betei kelaim hachbau hayu labaz ve-ein matzil meshisa ve-ein-omer hashav.
'vehu' means 'and he/it', 'am-bazuz' means 'people of contempt', 've-shasui' means 'and despised', 'hafech' means 'the perverse', 'ba-churim' means 'among the youths', 'kullam' means 'all of them', 'uve-betei' means 'and in the houses of', 'kelaim' means 'the unclean or impure', 'hachbau' means 'they hid', 'hayu' means 'they were', 'labaz' means 'lowly or despicable', 've-ein' means 'and there is no', 'matzil' means 'savior', 'meshisa' means 'supporter or sustainer', 've-ein-omer' means 'and there is none who says', 'hashav' means 'the return or turning back'.
[ISA.42.23] Who among you will listen to this, who will hearken and hear the latter? [§]
Mi bakhem yaazyn zot yakshiv ve yishma leachor.
'Mi' means 'who', 'bakhem' means 'among you', 'yaazyn' means 'will listen', 'zot' means 'this', 'yakshiv' means 'will hearken', 've' means 'and', 'yishma' means 'will hear', 'leachor' means 'to the latter' or 'to what follows'.
[ISA.42.24] Who has given Jacob and Israel to the revilers? Is it not Yahveh? We have sinned against Him, and we have not walked in His ways, nor have we heard His teaching. [§]
Mi-natan limshissa Yaakov veYisrael levotzim halo Yahveh zu chata'nu lo velo avu bidrachav haloch velo shamu betorato.
'Mi' means 'who', 'natan' means 'has given', 'limshissa' means 'to the revilers', 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob', 'veYisrael' means 'and Israel', 'levotzim' means 'to the despised', 'halo' means 'is not', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'zu' means 'this', 'chata'nu' means 'we have sinned', 'lo' means 'against Him', 'velo' means 'and not', 'avu' means 'we have turned (away)', 'bidrachav' means 'in His ways', 'haloch' means 'to walk', 'shamu' means 'they heard', 'betorato' means 'in his teaching'.
[ISA.42.25] He poured out his wrath upon him, his anger and warlike strength, and encircled him from all around, and he did not know, and burned him, and does not set it upon the heart. [§]
Vayishpocheh alav chema apo ve'ezuz milchamah vatelahatehu misaviv velo yada vatevar-bo velo-yasim al-lev.
Vayishpocheh means he poured out, alav means upon him, chema means wrath, apo means his anger, ve'ezuz means and strength, milchamah means of war, vatelahatehu means and encircled him, misaviv means from around, velo means and not, yada means knew, vatevar-bo means and burned him, velo-yasim means and does not set, al-lev means upon heart.
ISA.43
[ISA.43.1] Now therefore thus says Yahveh, who created you Jacob and who formed you Israel, do not be afraid, for I have redeemed you; I have called you by name, you are mine. [§]
ve'atah koh amar Yahveh bora'acha Ya'akov ve yotzercah Yisrael al tira ki ga'elticha karati veshimkha li attah.
've'atah' means 'now' or 'and now', 'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'bora'acha' means 'who created you', 'Ya'akov' is the personal name Jacob, 've' means 'and', 'yotzercah' means 'who formed you', 'Yisrael' is the personal name Israel, 'al tira' means 'do not be afraid', 'ki' means 'for', 'ga'elticha' means 'I have redeemed you', 'karati' means 'I have called', 'veshimkha' means 'your name', 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me', 'attah' means 'you'.
[ISA.43.2] For you will cross the waters; I am with you, and the rivers will not overwhelm you; because you will walk through fire, you will not be scorched, and brimstone will not burn you. [§]
Ki ta'avor ba-mayim itcha ani u-va-n'harot lo yishtfukha ki te'lekh be-mo-esh lo tikaveh ve-lehavah lo tiv'ar-bach.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ta'avor' means 'you will cross/venture', 'ba-mayim' means 'in the waters', 'itcha' means 'with you', 'ani' means 'I', 'u-va-n'harot' means 'and in the rivers', 'lo' means 'not', 'yishtfukha' means 'they will overwhelm you' (i.e., flood you), 'ki' again means 'because', 'te'lekh' means 'you will walk', 'be-mo-esh' means 'through fire', 'lo' means 'not', 'tikaveh' means 'you will be scorched', 've-lehavah' means 'and brimstone', 'lo' means 'not', 'tiv'ar-bach' means 'you will be burned'.
[ISA.43.3] For I, Yahveh, your God, the Holy One of Israel, your Savior, have given your ransom to Egypt, Cush and Seba beneath you. [§]
ki ani Yahveh Elohecha kedosh Yisrael moshi'echa natati kafrecha Mitzrayim Kush veseba tachtecha.
'ki' means 'for', 'ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the personal name YHVH rendered as Yahveh, 'Elohecha' means 'your God', 'kedosh' means 'holy one', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'moshi'echa' means 'your savior', 'natati' means 'I have given', 'kafrecha' means 'your ransom/atonement', 'Mitzrayim' means 'Egypt', 'Kush' means 'Cush', 've' is the conjunction 'and', 'seba' means 'Seba', 'tachtecha' means 'under you' or 'below you'.
[ISA.43.4] From that which you are dear in my eyes you are honored, and I loved you, and I will give a man under you and nations under your soul. [§]
Me'aser yakarta be'einei nikbadtah va'ani ahavticha ve'eten adam tachtecha u'lumim tachat nafsecha.
'Me'aser' means 'from that which', 'yakarta' means 'you are dear', 'be'einei' means 'in my eyes', 'nikbadtah' means 'you are honored', 'va'ani' means 'and I', 'ahavticha' means 'loved you', 've'eten' means 'and I will give', 'adam' means 'man', 'tachtecha' means 'under you', 'u'lumim' means 'and nations', 'tachat' means 'under', 'nafsecha' means 'your soul'.
[ISA.43.5] Do not be afraid, for I am with you; I will bring your offspring from the east, and I will gather you from the west. [§]
Al-tira ki itcha ani mi-mizrach avi zarecha u-mi-ma'arav akabetzcha.
'Al-tira' means 'do not be afraid', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'itcha' means 'with you' (masculine), 'ani' means 'I', 'mi-mizrach' means 'from the east', 'avi' means 'I will bring', 'zarecha' means 'your offspring/seed', 'u-mi-ma'arav' means 'and from the west', 'akabetzcha' means 'I will gather you'.
[ISA.43.6] I say to the north, give me, and to the south, do not withhold; bring my sons from afar and my daughters from the ends of the earth. [§]
Omar la-tsafon teni, u-le-teiman al-tichlai, habei b'nai merachok, u'venotai miketze ha'aretz.
'Omar' means 'I say', 'la-tsafon' means 'to the north', 'teni' means 'give me', 'u-le-teiman' means 'and to the south', 'al-tichlai' means 'do not withhold', 'habei' means 'bring', 'b'nai' means 'my sons', 'merachok' means 'from afar', 'u'venotai' means 'and my daughters', 'miketze' means 'from the ends', 'ha'aretz' means 'the earth'.
[ISA.43.7] All that is called by Yahveh's name and for Yahveh's glory, Yahveh created him; Yahveh formed him, also Yahveh made him. [§]
Kol hanikra b'shmi ve'likvodi berati'v yetzarti'v af-asiti'v.
'Kol' means 'all', 'hanikra' means 'that is called', 'b'shmi' means 'by my name' (here referring to Yahveh), 've'likvodi' means 'and for my glory' (Yahveh's glory), 'berati'v' means 'I created him' (Yahveh created him), 'yetzarti'v' means 'I formed him' (Yahveh formed him), 'af' means 'also' or 'indeed', and 'asiti'v' means 'I made him' (Yahveh made him). The pronoun 'I' is the speaker Yahveh, so each verb is rendered as Yahveh performing the action.
[ISA.43.8] He makes the blind see, and the deaf hear. [§]
Hotsi am-iver ve'eynayim yesh ve'chereshim ve'oznaim lammo.
'Hotsi' means 'He brings out' or 'He makes', 'am-iver' means 'a blind people' ('am' = people, 'iver' = blind), 've'eynayim' means 'and eyes', 'yesh' means 'there are' or serves as an existential verb, 've'chereshim' means 'and deaf (people)', 've'oznaim' means 'and ears', 'lammo' means 'to them' or 'for them'. In Hebrew idiom the construction expresses that the one speaking causes the blind to obtain sight and the deaf to obtain hearing.
[ISA.43.9] All the nations were gathered together and were assembled to the peoples; who among them will tell this, and the first ones will make us hear; they will give their testimony and will prove themselves righteous, and they will hear and will say truth. [§]
Kol ha-goyim nikbetsu yachda ve-yeasfu le-ummim mi bahem yagid zot ve-rishonot yashmi'unu yitnu edehem ve-yitzdaku ve-yishmeu ve-yomru emet.
'Kol' means 'all', 'ha-goyim' means 'the nations', 'nikbetsu' means 'were gathered', 'yachda' means 'together', 've' means 'and', 'yeasfu' means 'were assembled/collected', 'le-ummim' means 'to the peoples', 'mi' means 'who', 'bahem' means 'among them', 'yagid' means 'will tell', 'zot' means 'this', 've-rishonot' means 'and the first ones', 'yashmi\'unu' means 'will make us hear', 'yitnu' means 'they will give', 'edehem' means 'their testimony', 've-yitzdaku' means 'and they will prove themselves righteous', 've-yishmeu' means 'and they will hear', 've-yomru' means 'and they will say', 'emet' means 'truth'.
[ISA.43.10] You are my witnesses, says Yahveh, and my servant whom I have chosen, so that you may know and believe in me and understand that I am He; before me there was no other God, and after me there will be none. [§]
atem edai ne'um-Yahveh ve'avdi asher bacharti lema'an ted'u ve'ta'aminu li ve'tavinu ki-ani hu lefanai lo-notzar El ve'acharei lo yih'ye.
'atem' means 'you (plural)'; 'edai' means 'my witnesses'; 'ne'um' means 'says' and is attached to the divine name 'Yahveh' which is the literal translation of YHVH; 've'avdi' means 'and my servant'; 'asher' means 'who'; 'bacharti' means 'I chose'; 'lema'an' means 'for the purpose that'; 'ted'u' means 'you may know'; 've'ta'aminu' means 'and believe'; 'li' means 'in me'; 've'tavinu' means 'and understand'; 'ki' means 'that'; 'ani' means 'I'; 'hu' means 'He' (referring to Yahveh); 'lefanai' means 'before me'; 'lo-notzar' means 'there was no other'; 'El' is the generic word for God and is translated as 'God'; 've'acharei' means 'and after'; 'lo' means 'none'; 'yih'ye' means 'will be'.
[ISA.43.11] I, I am Yahveh, and there is no savior besides me. [§]
Anochi anochi Yahveh ve ein mibbaladai moshia.
'Anochi' means 'I', repeated for emphasis. 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH. 've' means 'and'. 'ein' means 'there is not' or 'no'. 'mibbaladai' means 'besides me' (from 'mi' = from, 'balad' = apart, 'ai' = me). 'moshia' means 'savior' or 'one who saves'.
[ISA.43.12] I have declared and I have saved and I have heard, and there is no foreigner among you, and you are my witnesses, says Yahveh, and I am God. [§]
Anochi higgadti vehoshati veishmati ve'ein bachem zar ve'atem eiday ne'um-Yahveh va'ani-el.
'Anochi' means 'I', 'higgadti' means 'I have declared', 'vehoshati' means 'and I have saved', 'veishmati' means 'and I have heard', 've'ein' means 'and there is not', 'bachem' means 'among you', 'zar' means 'a foreigner', 've'atem' means 'and you', 'eiday' means 'my witnesses', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'va'ani-el' means 'and I am God'.
[ISA.43.13] Even from the day I am he, and there is none from my hand who saves; I will act, and who will bring it back? [§]
gam-miyom ani hu ve'een miyadi matzil efal u-mi yeshivena.
'gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'miyom' means 'from the day', together 'even from the day'. 'ani' means 'I', 'hu' means 'he' (referring to the speaker). 've'een' means 'and there is not', 'miyadi' means 'from my hand', 'matzil' means 'savior' or 'one who rescues', 'efal' means 'I will act' or 'I will do'. 'u' means 'and', 'mi' means 'who', 'yeshivena' means 'will bring it back' or 'will restore it' (feminine object).
[ISA.43.14] Thus said Yahveh, I will redeem you holy Israel, for your sake I sent Babylon and I brought down all the bricks, and the streams of their singing. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh Goalkhem Kedosh Yisrael Lemaankhem Shilachti Bavelah vehoradti Barichim Kulam vekashdim Baaniyot Rinnatam.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of the divine name YHVH, 'Goalkhem' means 'I will redeem you', 'Kedosh' means 'holy', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'Lemaankhem' means 'for your sake', 'Shilachti' means 'I sent', 'Bavelah' means 'Babylon', 'vehoradti' means 'and I brought down', 'Barichim' means 'the bricks', 'Kulam' means 'all of them', 'vekashdim' means 'and the streams', 'Baaniyot' means 'of their songs', 'Rinnatam' means 'their singing'.
[ISA.43.15] I Yahveh your Holy One, creator of Israel, your king. [§]
Ani Yahveh qodeshchem boreh Yisrael malkekhem.
'Ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH, 'qodeshchem' means 'your Holy (One)', with 'qodesh' = holy and the suffix 'chem' = your (plural), 'boreh' means 'creator', 'Yisrael' is the proper name 'Israel', and 'malkekhem' means 'your king', with 'malk' = king and the suffix 'ekhem' = your (plural).
[ISA.43.16] Thus says Yahveh, the one who gives a way in the sea and a path in strong waters. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh hanoten bayam derekh uvmayim azzim netiva.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'hanoten' means 'the one who gives', 'bayam' means 'in the sea', 'derekh' means 'a way', 'uvmayim' means 'and in waters', 'azzim' means 'strong' or 'swift', 'netiva' means 'a path'.
[ISA.43.17] The one who brings forth chariot and horse, strength and courage, together they lie down; they will not rise, they know the trap, they are bound. [§]
ha-motzi rechev-va-sus chayil ve-izzuz yachdav yishkvu bal-yakumu da'achu kappishtah kavu.
'ha-motzi' means 'the one who brings forth', 'rechev-va-sus' means 'chariot and horse', 'chayil' means 'strength or might', 've-izzuz' means 'and courage', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'yishkvu' means 'they will lie down', 'bal-yakumu' means 'they will not rise', 'da'achu' means 'they know', 'kappishtah' means 'the trap' (a figurative snare), 'kavu' means 'they are bound' or 'they are captured'.
[ISA.43.18] Do not remember the former things, and do not try to understand the earlier ones. [§]
Al-tizkru rishonot ve-kadmoniyot al-titbnu.
'Al' means 'do not', 'tizkru' means 'you (plural) remember', 'rishonot' means 'first things' or 'former matters', 've' means 'and', 'kadmoniyot' means 'earlier things', the second 'al' again means 'do not', 'titbnu' means 'you (plural) understand' or 'interpret'.
[ISA.43.19] Behold, I am making something new; now it will sprout—do you not know it? I will also set a way in the desert, a road in the wilderness, as rivers. [§]
Hineni oseh chadashah atta titzmach halo tedahu af asim ba-midbar derekh bi-simon neharot.
'Hineni' means 'Behold, I am here', 'oseh' means 'am making', 'chadashah' means 'new (thing)', 'atta' means 'now', 'titzmach' means 'will sprout', 'halo' means 'is it not', 'tedahu' means 'you (plural) will know it', 'af' means 'also', 'asim' means 'I will set', 'ba-midbar' means 'in the desert', 'derekh' means 'a way', 'bi-simon' means 'in the wilderness', 'neharot' means 'rivers'.
[ISA.43.20] You will honor me, the beasts of the field, jackals and daughters of the desert, for I have given waters in the wilderness, rivers in Shimon, to water my people with my choice. [§]
Tekhabbedeni hayyat ha'sadeh tannim u'venot ya'anah ki natati ba'midbar mayim neharot bi'shimon lehashkot ami be'chiri.
'Tekhabbedeni' means 'you will honor me', 'hayyat ha'sadeh' means 'the beasts of the field', 'tannim' means 'jackals', 'u'venot ya'anah' means 'and daughters of the desert', 'ki natati' means 'for I have given', 'ba'midbar' means 'in the wilderness', 'mayim' means 'waters', 'neharot' means 'rivers', 'bi'shimon' means 'in Shimon (a place)', 'lehashkot' means 'to water', 'ami' means 'my people', 'be'chiri' means 'with my choice'.
[ISA.43.21] I have formed this people for myself; they will recount my praise. [§]
am-zu yatsarti li tehillati yesapperu
'am-zu' means 'this people', 'yatsarti' means 'I formed' or 'I created', 'li' means 'for me' or 'to me', 'tehillati' means 'my praise', 'yesapperu' means 'they will recount' or 'they will proclaim'.
[ISA.43.22] And you did not call me Jacob because you have become weary of me, Israel. [§]
Ve lo oti karata Yaakov ki yagata bi Yisrael.
'Ve' means 'and', 'lo' means 'not', 'oti' means 'me' as a direct object, 'karata' means 'you called', 'Yaakov' is the personal name Jacob, 'ki' means 'because', 'yagata' is a verb from the root ga-ayin-ayin meaning 'you have become weary' or 'you have become angry', 'bi' means 'with me' (literally 'in me'), and 'Yisrael' is the personal name Israel.
[ISA.43.23] You did not bring me a ram as your burnt offering, and you did not honor me with your sacrifices; you did not serve me with a grain offering, and you did not touch me with your inner thought. [§]
Lo heveita li seh olotecha uzevachecha lo kibadtani lo heavadetcha beminchah velo hogateta bilbona.
'Lo' means 'not', 'heveita' means 'you have brought', 'li' means 'to me', 'seh' means 'a ram', 'olotecha' means 'your burnt offerings', 'u' means 'and', 'zevachecha' means 'your sacrifices', 'lo' means 'not', 'kibadtani' means 'you have honored me', 'lo' means 'not', 'heavadetcha' means 'you have served me', 'be' means 'with', 'minchah' means 'a grain offering', 'velo' means 'and not', 'hogateta' means 'you have touched', 'bilbona' means 'with your inner thought'.
[ISA.43.24] You did not buy for me with silver a purchase, nor did the milk of your sacrifices satisfy me; rather you have made me a servant by your sins, you have struck me with your iniquities. [§]
Lo kanita li bakhesef kaneh vechelev zevahekha lo hirvitan i ach heeavadtani bechatoteikha hogatani ba'avonotekha
'Lo' means 'not', 'kanita' means 'you bought', 'li' means 'for me', 'ba' means 'with', 'khesef' means 'silver', 'kaneh' means 'a purchase' (or 'a thing bought'), 've' means 'and', 'chelev' means 'milk', 'zevahekha' means 'your sacrifices', 'lo' means 'not', 'hirvitan' means 'you satisfied me' (literally 'you gave me enough'), 'ach' means 'but', 'heeavadtani' means 'you have made me a servant' (literally 'you have enslaved me'), 'bechatoteikha' means 'by your sins', 'hogatani' means 'you have touched me' (literally 'you have struck me'), 'ba'avonotekha' means 'in your iniquities'. The final letter 'S' is a scribal mark indicating the end of the verse.
[ISA.43.25] I, even I, am he who wipes out your transgressions for my sake, and I will not remember your sins. [§]
Anochi anochi hu mohe p'sha'eikha lema'ani vechattoteikha lo ezkor.
'Anochi' means 'I', 'hu' means 'he', 'mohe' means 'erases' or 'wipes out', 'p'sha'eikha' means 'your transgressions', 'lema'ani' means 'for my sake', 'vechattoteikha' means 'and your sins', 'lo' means 'not', 'ezkor' means 'I will remember'. The doubled 'Anochi anochi' intensifies the speaker, indicating the divine self‑identification.
[ISA.43.26] Remember me, we shall be judged together, record you for the purpose of being justified. [§]
HazkirenI nishapeta yachad saper atah lema'an titzdak.
'HazkirenI' means 'remember me', 'nishapeta' means 'we shall be judged', 'yachad' means 'together', 'saper' means 'record' or 'count', 'atah' means 'you', 'lema'an' means 'for the purpose of' or 'so that', 'titzdak' means 'you may be justified' or 'be righteous'.
[ISA.43.27] Your first father sinned, and your rebels transgressed against me. [§]
Avikha ha rishon chata u melitzecha pasheu bi.
'Avikha' means 'your father', 'ha rishon' means 'the first', 'chata' means 'sinned', 'u' is the conjunction 'and', 'melitzecha' is a form of the root *l-ts* meaning 'your rebels/offspring' (the exact nuance is uncertain in this idiom), 'pasheu' means 'they have transgressed' or 'they acted wickedly', and 'bi' means 'against me'.
[ISA.43.28] And I will profane the princes of the holy, and I will give Jacob as spoil, and Israel as plunder. [§]
va'achallel sarei kodesh ve'etnah lacharem Ya'akov veYisrael legidupim.
'va'achallel' means 'and I will profane' or 'defile', 'sarei' means 'princes' or 'chiefs', 'kodesh' means 'holy' (as in the holy place), 've'etnah' means 'and I will give', 'lacharem' means 'as spoil' or 'as plunder', 'Ya'akov' means 'Jacob', 'veYisrael' means 'and Israel', 'legidupim' means 'to the plunder' or 'for plunder'.
ISA.44
[ISA.44.1] Now listen, Jacob my servant, and Israel I have chosen. [§]
ve'attah shma ya'akov avdi ve'Yisrael bacharti bo.
've' means 'and', 'attah' means 'now', 'shma' means 'listen' or 'hear', 'ya'akov' is the personal name Jacob, 'avdi' means 'my servant', 've' means 'and', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'bacharti' means 'I have chosen', 'bo' means 'in him' or simply 'him'.
[ISA.44.2] Thus says Yahveh, who made you and formed you from the womb, will help you; do not be afraid, my servant Jacob, and Yeshurun, I have chosen him. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh oseka ve-yotzerka mibeten ya'azreka al tira avdi Yaakov vi-yeshurun bacharti bo.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'oseka' means 'who made you', 've-yotzerka' means 'and formed you', 'mibeten' means 'from the womb', 'ya'azreka' means 'will help you', 'al' means 'do not', 'tira' means 'be afraid', 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob', 'vi-yeshurun' is a poetic name for Israel meaning 'and Yeshurun', 'bacharti' means 'I have chosen', 'bo' means 'him'.
[ISA.44.3] For I will pour water on the thirsty, and they will flow on the dry land; I will pour my spirit on your seed, and my blessing on your offspring. [§]
Ki etzok mayim al tzame ve nozlim al yabashah etzoq ruchi al zeracha uvirchati al tzeetsache.
'Ki' means 'for', 'etzok' means 'I will pour', 'mayim' means 'water', 'al' means 'on', 'tzame' means 'the thirsty', 've' means 'and', 'nozlim' means 'they will flow', 'yabashah' means 'the dry land', 'etzoq' means 'I will pour', 'ruchi' means 'my spirit', 'zeracha' means 'your seed', 'uvirchati' means 'and my blessing', 'tzeetsache' means 'your offspring'.
[ISA.44.4] And they sprouted among the grass like ravens on the water streams. [§]
ve-tzamchu be'vein chatzir ka'aravim al yivlei mayim.
've-tzamchu' means 'and they sprouted', 'be'vein' means 'among' or 'between', 'chatzir' means 'grass', 'ka'aravim' means 'like ravens', 'al' means 'on' or 'upon', 'yivlei' means 'the streams' (plural of 'stream'), 'mayim' means 'water'.
[ISA.44.5] This will say to Yahveh I, and this will call in the name of Jacob, and this will write his hand to Yahveh and in the name of Israel will prepare. [§]
zeh yomar laYHVH ani vezeh yikra b'shem-Yaakov vezeh yichtov yado laYHVH u'b'shem Yisrael yechanneh.
'zeh' means 'this', 'yomar' means 'will say', 'laYHVH' means 'to Yahveh', 'ani' means 'I', 'vezeh' means 'and this', 'yikra' means 'will call', 'b'shem-Yaakov' means 'in the name of Jacob', 'yichtov' means 'will write', 'yado' means 'his hand', 'u'b'shem' means 'and in the name of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'yechanneh' means 'will prepare' or 'will set up'.
[ISA.44.6] Thus says Yahveh, King of Israel, and his Redeemer, Yahveh of hosts: I am the First and I am the Last; and from besides me there are no Gods. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh Melek Yisrael ve-go'alo Yahveh Tzevaot Ani Rishon ve-Ani Acharon u-mi-baledai ein Elohim.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Melek' means 'King', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 've' is the conjunction 'and', 'go'alo' means 'his Redeemer', 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (as in 'hosts of Yahveh'), 'Ani' means 'I', 'Rishon' means 'First', 've-Ani' means 'and I', 'Acharon' means 'Last', 'u-mi-baledai' means 'and from besides me', 'ein' means 'there is no', 'Elohim' means 'the Gods' (plural).
[ISA.44.7] And who is like me to call and to tell it and to proclaim it to me from my innermost, an everlasting people and signs, and what shall come they will proclaim to them. [§]
Umi-kamoni yikra ve'yagideha ve'yarcheha li mis-sumi am olam ve'otiyot ve'asher tavona yaggidu lamo.
'Umi' means 'and who', 'kamoni' means 'is like me', 'yikra' means 'will call', 've'yagideha' means 'and will tell it', 've'yarcheha' means 'and will proclaim it', 'li' means 'to me', 'mis-sumi' means 'from my innermost', 'am' means 'people', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 've'otiyot' means 'and signs', 've'asher' means 'and what', 'tavona' means 'shall come', 'yaggidu' means 'they will proclaim', 'lamo' means 'to them'.
[ISA.44.8] Do not be afraid and do not be dismayed; is it not that I have heard you from long ago and have told you, and you are my witnesses? Is there a God besides me? And there is no rock I do not know. [§]
Al-tifchadu ve-al-tirhu halo me'az hishma'tikha ve-higgadti ve-atem eday hayesh Eloah mi-bal'adai ve-ein tzur bal-yadatai.
'Al' means 'do not', 'tifchadu' means 'be afraid', 've-al' means 'and do not', 'tirhu' means 'be dismayed', 'halo' means 'is it not', 'me'az' means 'from long ago', 'hishma'tikha' means 'have I heard you', 've-higgadti' means 'and have I told', 've-atem' means 'and you', 'eday' means 'my witnesses', 'hayesh' means 'is there', 'Eloah' means 'God', 'mi-bal'adai' means 'besides me', 've-ein' means 'and there is not', 'tzur' means 'rock', 'bal-yadatai' means 'I do not know'.
[ISA.44.9] All makers of idols are emptiness, and their delights do not profit, and their witnesses are nothing; they do not fear and do not know for the purpose of being ashamed. [§]
Yotzrei-pesel kullam tohu vachamudeihem bal yoilu ve'edeihem hema bal yiru uval yedu leiman yeboshu.
'Yotzrei' means 'makers', 'pesel' means 'idol', 'kullam' means 'all', 'tohu' means 'emptiness' or 'vanity', 'vachamudeihem' means 'and their delights' (their prized things), 'bal yoilu' means 'do not profit', 've'edeihem' means 'and their witnesses', 'hema' means 'are nothing' or 'are nonsense', 'bal yiru' means 'do not fear', 'uval yedu' means 'and do not know', 'leiman yeboshu' means 'for the purpose of being ashamed'.
[ISA.44.10] Who has formed God and a cast idol without deception? [§]
Mi-yatzer El u-pesel nasach le-velti hoil.
'Mi' means 'who', 'yatzer' means 'has formed' or 'created', 'El' means 'God', 'u-pesel' means 'and an idol' (a carved image), 'nasach' means 'cast' or 'fashioned', 'le-velti' means 'without', 'hoil' means 'deception' or 'misleading'.
[ISA.44.11] Behold, all his companions will be ashamed, and the craftsmen, they of man, will be gathered; all of them will stand, they will be terrified, they will be ashamed together. [§]
Hen kol chaverav yevoshu vecharashim hemah meadam yitkabetsu kullam yaamodu yiphadu yevoshu yahad.
'Hen' means 'Behold', 'kol' means 'all', 'chaverav' means 'his companions', 'yevoshu' means 'they will be ashamed', 'vecharashim' means 'and craftsmen', 'hemah' means 'they', 'meadam' means 'of man', 'yitkabetsu' means 'they will be gathered', 'kullam' means 'all of them', 'yaamodu' means 'they will stand', 'yiphadu' means 'they will be terrified', 'yevoshu' means 'they will be ashamed', 'yahad' means 'together'.
[ISA.44.12] He forged iron with a plan and worked in the furnace and in the pits he formed him, and he was wrought with his arm's strength, also hungry and without strength, he did not drink water and he perished. [§]
charash barzel maatzad ufaal bapecham uba-makkavot yitzrehu vayifalehu bizroa kocho gam raev veein koach lo shatah mayim vayiaf.
'charash' means 'he forged', 'barzel' means 'iron', 'maatzad' means 'plan' or 'device', 'ufa al' means 'and he acted/works', 'bapecham' means 'in the furnace', 'uba-makkavot' means 'and in the pits', 'yitzrehu' means 'he will form him' (or 'he will shape him'), 'vayifalehu' means 'and he was wrought', 'bizroa' means 'with his arm', 'kocho' means 'his strength', 'gam' means 'also', 'raev' means 'hungry', 'veein' means 'and there is no', 'koach' means 'strength', 'lo' means 'not', 'shatah' means 'drink', 'mayim' means 'water', 'vayiaf' means 'and he perished'.
[ISA.44.13] He sharpened wood, stretched a rope, bound him with a cord; he made him in the gaps and in the circle he bound him; and he made him like a pattern of a man, like the splendor of a human, to sit in a house. [§]
charash etzim natah kav yit'arehu basered ya'asehu bamaktsuot uvechugah yit'arehu vay'asehu ketavnit ish ketiferet adam lashavit bayit.
'charash' means 'he scraped or sharpened', 'etzim' means 'sticks or wood', 'natah' means 'he stretched', 'kav' means 'a line or rope', 'yit'arehu' means 'he bound him', 'basered' means 'with a cord', 'ya'asehu' means 'he will make him', 'bamaktsuot' means 'in the gaps', 'uvechugah' means 'and in the circuit or circle', 'vay'asehu' means 'and he made him', 'ketavnit' means 'like a pattern', 'ish' means 'man', 'ketiferet' means 'like splendor', 'adam' means 'human', 'lashavit' means 'to sit', 'bayit' means 'house'.
[ISA.44.14] He cut cedars for him, and he took cypress and oak, and he strengthened him with the trees of the forest; he planted a pine and the rain will increase. [§]
Likhrat lo arezim vayikach tirzah veallon vayametz lo ba'atsê ya'ar natat oren ve-geshem yegadel.
'Likhrat' means 'cut', 'lo' means 'to him', 'arezim' means 'cedars', 'vayikach' means 'and he took', 'tirzah' means 'cypress', 'veallon' means 'and oak', 'vayametz' means 'and he strengthened', 'ba'atsê' means 'in the trees of', 'ya'ar' means 'the forest', 'natat' means 'he planted', 'oren' means 'pine', 've-geshem' means 'and rain', 'yegadel' means 'will increase/grow'.
[ISA.44.15] And it shall be to man to burn; and he took from them and he heated, also he shall soak and he baked bread; also God will act, and he bowed, he made it an idol and he worshiped them. [§]
vehayah le'adam levaher vayikach mehem vayacham af-yashik ve'afa lechem af-yifal El vayshtachu asahu pesel vaysagad lammo.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'le'adam' means 'to man', 'levaher' means 'to burn', 'vayikach' means 'and he took', 'mehem' means 'from them', 'vayacham' means 'and he heated', 'af-yashik' means 'also he shall soak', 've'afa' means 'and he baked', 'lechem' means 'bread', 'af-yifal' means 'also (he) will work/act', 'El' means 'God', 'vayshtachu' means 'and he bowed', 'asahu' means 'he made it', 'pesel' means 'an idol', 'vaysagad' means 'and he worshiped', 'lammo' means 'to them'. The name 'El' is rendered as the literal English word 'God' per the translation guideline.
[ISA.44.16] Its half burned with his fire; upon its half flesh will eat; my shade will be saved and be satisfied, also it will be hot and will say, 'the brother, my heat, I saw light.' [§]
chetzio saraf bemo-esh al chetzio basar yochel yitzleh tzali ve-yisba af-yachom ve-yomar he'ach hamoti ra'iti ur.
'chetzio' means 'its half', 'saraf' means 'burned', 'bemo-esh' means 'with his fire', 'al' means 'upon', 'chetzio' again means 'its half', 'basar' means 'flesh', 'yochel' means 'will eat', 'yitzleh' means 'will be saved', 'tzali' means 'my shade', 've-yisba' means 'and be satisfied', 'af' means 'also', 'yachom' means 'will be hot', 've-yomar' means 'and will say', 'he'ach' means 'the brother', 'hamoti' means 'my heat', 'raiti' means 'I saw', 'ur' means 'light'.
[ISA.44.17] His remnant will turn to God, who has made (something) for his reject; they will glorify him, bow down, pray to him, and say, "Save me, for you are my God." [§]
usheerito leel asa lephisl yisgodlo veyyeshtachu veyitpallel elav veymor hatsileni ki eli atah.
'usheerito' means 'his remnant' or 'the rest of him'; 'leel' means 'to God' where El is the generic name for God and is rendered as 'God'; 'asa' means 'made' or 'does'; 'lephisl' means 'to his reject' or 'for his blemish'; 'yisgodlo' means 'he will be praised for him' (from the verb meaning 'to worship' or 'to glorify'); 'veyeshtachu' means 'and they will bow down'; 'veitpallel' means 'and they will pray'; 'elav' means 'to him' (referring to the deity); 'veymor' means 'and he will say'; 'hatsileni' means 'save me'; 'ki' means 'because' or 'for'; 'eli' means 'my God' where Eli is the name for the personal God and is rendered as 'my God'; 'atah' means 'you are'.
[ISA.44.18] They do not know and they do not understand, because they are foolish from the sight of their eyes rather than from the understanding of their hearts. [§]
Lo yade'u ve'lo yavinú ki tach me'raot eynayhem me'haskil levotam.
'Lo' means 'not', 'yade'u' means 'they know', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'yavinú' means 'they understand', 'ki' means 'because', 'tach' means 'foolish' or 'vain', 'me'raot' means 'from seeing' (literally 'from sight'), 'eynayhem' means 'their eyes', 'me'haskil' means 'from understanding', 'levotam' means 'their hearts'.
[ISA.44.19] And not he will return to his heart, and not knowledge, and not understanding, to say: I have burned its half with fire, and also I baked upon its coals bread, I will keep flesh and eat, and its surplus for abomination I will make a wooden object to worship. [§]
ve-lo yashiv el libbo ve-lo daat ve-lo tevunah leemor chetzio sarapti bemo esh ve'af afiti al gechalav lechem etzle basar veocheil veyitro letoevah eese lebul etz esgod.
've-lo' means 'and not', 'yashiv' means 'he returns', 'el' means 'to', 'libbo' means 'his heart', 've-lo' again 'and not', 'daat' means 'knowledge', 've-lo' again 'and not', 'tevunah' means 'understanding', 'leemor' means 'to say', 'chetzio' means 'its half', 'sarapti' means 'I burned', 'bemo' means 'with it', 'esh' means 'fire', 've'af' means 'and also', 'afiti' means 'I baked', 'al' means 'upon', 'gechalav' means 'its coals', 'lechem' means 'bread', 'etzle' means 'I will keep/lay', 'basar' means 'flesh', 'veocheil' means 'and eat', 'veyitro' means 'and its surplus', 'letoevah' means 'for abomination', 'eese' means 'I will do', 'lebul' is an idiom meaning 'for a wooden object', 'etz' means 'wood', 'esgod' means 'I will worship'.
[ISA.44.20] Shepherd of dust, the heart is turned, and he will not save his soul, and he will not say, 'Is not falsehood on my right?' [§]
roeh efer lev hutal hittahu velo yatsil et nafsho velo yomar halo sheker bimini.
'roeh' means 'shepherd', 'efer' means 'dust', 'lev' means 'heart', 'hutal' means 'is turned' or 'is scattered', 'hittahu' means 'it will be', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yatsil' means 'will save', 'et nafsho' means 'his soul', 'yomar' means 'will say', 'halo' means 'is not' or 'is it not', 'sheker' means 'falsehood', 'bimini' means 'on my right'.
[ISA.44.21] Remember these, O Jacob and Israel, for you are my servant; I have formed you, my servant; you are Israel, do not abandon me. [§]
Zekhar-elleh Yaakov veYisrael ki avdi-atah yetzarticha eved-li atah Yisrael lo tannasheni.
'Zekhar' means 'remember', 'elleh' means 'these', 'Yaakov' is the name Jacob, 'veYisrael' means 'and Israel', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'avdi-atah' means 'you are my servant' (avdi = 'my servant', atah = 'you'), 'yetzarticha' means 'I have formed you', 'eved-li' means 'my servant' (eved = 'servant', li = 'to me'), 'atah' means 'you', 'Yisrael' is the name Israel, 'lo' means 'not', 'tannasheni' means 'you will abandon me' or 'you will forsake me'.
[ISA.44.22] I have wiped away your transgressions like dust, and your sins like a cloud; return to me, for I have redeemed you. [§]
Machiti ka'av peshachecha veke'anan chattotecha shuvah elai ki ge'alti'cha.
'Machiti' means 'I have wiped', 'ka'av' means 'like dust', 'peshachecha' means 'your transgressions', 'veke'anan' means 'and like a cloud', 'chattotecha' means 'your sins', 'shuvah' means 'return' (imperative), 'elai' means 'to me', 'ki' means 'for', 'ge'alti'cha' means 'I have redeemed you'.
[ISA.44.23] Rejoice, heavens, because Yahveh has done it; let the depths of the earth shout, let the mountains burst into song, the forest and every tree in it, because Yahveh has redeemed Jacob and Israel will be saved. [§]
Ranu shamayim ki-asah Yahveh, harigu tachtiot aretz, pitschu harim rina, ya'ar vechol-etz bo, ki-ga'al Yahveh Yaakov u'veyisrael yitpa'ar.
'Ranu' means 'rejoice', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 'ki' means 'because', 'asah' means 'has done', 'Yahveh' is the literal name of God, 'harigu' means 'shout' or 'raise a cry', 'tachtiot' means 'the depths' (literally 'underneath'), 'aretz' means 'earth', 'pitschu' means 'burst forth' or 'break open', 'harim' means 'mountains', 'rina' means 'song' or 'joyful sound', 'ya'ar' means 'forest', 'vechol-etz' means 'and every tree', 'bo' means 'in it', 'ki-ga'al' means 'because has redeemed', 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob', 'u'veyisrael' means 'and Israel', 'yitpa'ar' means 'will be saved' or 'will be delivered'.
[ISA.44.24] Thus says Yahveh, your Redeemer and your Creator from the womb: I, Yahveh, who does all, who stretches the heavens by myself, the establisher of the earth, from me. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh goalecha veyotzercha mibaten anochi Yahveh oseh kol noteh shamayim levadi roka haaretz meiiti.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of the divine name YHVH, 'goalecha' means 'your Redeemer', 'veyotzercha' means 'and your Creator', 'mibaten' means 'from the womb', 'anochi' means 'I', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'oseh' means 'who does' or 'who makes', 'kol' means 'all', 'noteh' means 'who stretches', 'shamayim' means 'the heavens', 'levadi' means 'by myself' or 'alone', 'roka' means 'establisher', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'meiiti' means 'from me'.
[ISA.44.25] He breaks signs among the feeble and the conspirators mock; he turns the wise men back and makes their knowledge wise. [§]
Mefer otot badim ve-kosmim yeholel meshib chakhamim achor ve-datam yishakel.
'Mefer' means 'breaks', 'otot' means 'signs' or 'miracles', 'badim' means 'among the weak' or 'in the feeble', 've-kosmim' means 'and conspirators', 'yeholel' means 'mock' or 'laugh', 'meshib' means 'turns back' or 'makes return', 'chakhamim' means 'wise ones', 'achor' means 'later' or 'backward', 've-datam' means 'and their knowledge', 'yishakel' means 'makes wise' or 'understands'.
[ISA.44.26] He establishes the word of his servant, and will fulfill the counsel of his angels, the one who says to Jerusalem, 'You will return, and the towns of Judah will be built, and I will set up its swords.' [§]
Mekim devar avdo va'atzat mal'achav yashlim ha'omer liYerushalayim tushav u'le'arei Yehudah tibanneinah ve'charvoteyha akomem.
'Mekim' means 'establishes' or 'raises', 'devar' means 'the word', 'avdo' means 'his servant', 'va'atzat' means 'and the counsel', 'mal'achav' means 'of his angels', 'yashlim' means 'will fulfill', 'ha'omer' means 'the one who says', 'liYerushalayim' means 'to Jerusalem', 'tushav' means 'you will return', 'u'le'arei' means 'and to the towns of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'tibanneinah' means 'will be built', 've'charvoteyha' means 'and its swords', 'akomem' means 'I will set up' or 'I will raise'.
[ISA.44.27] The one who says to the shade, 'My desolation, and your rivers I will bring shame.' [§]
haomer latzula choravi venaharotayich ovish.
'haomer' means 'the one who says', 'latzula' means 'to the shade' (from the root tz-l meaning shadow), 'choravi' means 'my desolation' or 'I am desolate', 'venaharotayich' means 'and your rivers' (plural, second‑person feminine), 'ovish' means 'I will bring shame' (from the verb avash, to be or cause shame).
[ISA.44.28] the one who says to Cyrus, "my shepherd, and all my desire will be fulfilled, and say to Jerusalem that it will be built, and the temple will be established." [§]
ha omer lekoresh ro'i vechol cheptsi yashlim ve le'emor liYerushalayim tivaneh ve heykl tavosed.
'ha' means 'the', 'omer' means 'one who says', 'lekoresh' means 'to Cyrus', 'ro'i' means 'my shepherd', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'cheptsi' means 'my desire', 'yashlim' means 'will be fulfilled', 've' means 'and', 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'liYerushalayim' means 'to Jerusalem', 'tivaneh' means 'it will be built', 've' means 'and', 'heykl' means 'the temple', 'tavosed' means 'will be established'.
ISA.45
[ISA.45.1] Thus says Yahveh to his Anointed, to Cyrus, who I have strengthened by my right hand: I will bring nations before him and the heads of kings; I will open doors before him and gates will not be shut. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh le-Meshicho leKoresh asher hechezakti bi-mino le-rad le-fanav goyim u-matnei melachim a-fateach li-fotach le-fanav delatayim u-shearim lo yisageru.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the name of God rendered as Yahveh, 'le-Meshicho' means 'to his Anointed', 'leKoresh' means 'to Cyrus', 'asher' means 'who', 'hechezakti' means 'I have strengthened', 'bi-mino' means 'by my right hand', 'le-rad' means 'to bring down' or 'to cause to descend', 'le-fanav' means 'before him', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'u-matnei' means 'and the heads of', 'melachim' means 'kings', 'a-fateach' means 'I will open', 'li-fotach' means 'to open', 'delatayim' means 'doors', 'u-shearim' means 'and gates', 'lo' means 'not', 'yisageru' means 'will be shut'.
[ISA.45.2] I, before Yahveh, I will go, and the generations I will proclaim, bronze doors I will break, and iron openings I will sharpen. [§]
Ani lefanekha elekh va'hadurim avasher dalot nechusha ashaver u'verihei barzel agadea.
"Ani" means "I". "lefanekha" means "before you" (addressed to Yahveh, the divine name). "elekh" means "I will go" (future of the verb "to go"). "va'hadurim" means "and the generations" (plural of "dor" meaning "generation" or "cycle"). "avasher" means "I will proclaim" (verb "to announce"). "dalot" means "doors" (plural of "door"). "nechusha" means "bronze" (the metal). "ashaver" means "I will break" (verb "to break"). "u'verihei" means "and the openings" (plural of "opening"). "barzel" means "iron" (the metal). "agadea" means "I will sharpen" or "make sharp" (verb "to sharpen"). The pronoun "you" in "lefanekha" is rendered as the divine name "Yahveh" according to the rule for translating God's name.
[ISA.45.3] And I will give you treasures of darkness and hidden mysteries in order that you may know that I Yahveh, the one who calls by your name, God of Israel. [§]
ve natati lecha otzrot choshek u matmunei misterim lemaan teda ki ani Yahveh ha kore be shimka Elohei Yisrael
've' means 'and', 'natati' means 'I will give', 'lecha' means 'to you', 'otzrot' means 'treasures', 'choshek' means 'darkness', 'u' means 'and', 'matmunei' means 'hidden (things)', 'misterim' means 'mysterious', 'lemaan' means 'in order that', 'teda' means 'you may know', 'ki' means 'that', 'ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ha' means 'the', 'kore' means 'who calls', 'be' means 'by', 'shimka' means 'your name', 'Elohei' means 'God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[ISA.45.4] For the purpose of my servant Jacob and Israel, my chosen, and I called you by your name, I will purchase you, and you did not know me. [§]
lema'an avdi Yaakov veYisrael bechiri va'ekra lekha bishmecha achanekha ve'lo yedatani.
'lema'an' means 'for the purpose of', 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'Yaakov' is the personal name Jacob, 'veYisrael' means 'and Israel', 'bechiri' means 'my chosen', 'va'ekra' means 'and I called', 'lekha' means 'to you', 'bishmecha' means 'by your name', 'achanekha' (from the root purchase/acquire) means 'I will purchase you', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'yedatani' means 'you knew me'.
[ISA.45.5] I Yahveh, and there is no other besides me; there are no the Gods; I will help you and you have not known me. [§]
Ani Yahveh ve'ein od zulati ein Elohim azerekha velo yedatani.
'Ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 've'ein' means 'and there is not', 'od' means 'any other', 'zulati' means 'besides me' or 'apart from me', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'Elohim' means 'the Gods', 'azerekha' means 'I will help you' (from the verb 'azar' meaning 'to help'), 'velo' means 'and not', 'yedatani' means 'you have known me'.
[ISA.45.6] That they may know from the sunrise to the sunset that there is none besides me, I Yahveh, and there is no other. [§]
Lema'an yede'u mimizrach-shemesh u-mima'aravah ki efes bil'adi ani Yahveh ve'eyn od.
'Lema'an' means 'for the purpose', 'yede'u' means 'they may know', 'mimizrach-shemesh' means 'from the east of the sun' (sunrise), 'u-mima'aravah' means 'and from the west' (sunset), 'ki' means 'that' or 'because', 'efes' means 'there is none', 'bil'adi' means 'apart from me' or 'beside me', 'ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, 've'eyn' means 'and there is not', 'od' means 'any other'.
[ISA.45.7] Creator of light and creator of darkness, maker of peace and creator of evil, I Yahveh am the maker of all these. [§]
Yotzer or u'vorei choshech, oseh shalom u'vorei ra. Ani Yahveh oseh kol-elleh.
'Yotzer' means 'Creator', 'or' means 'light', 'u'vorei' means 'and creator', 'choshech' means 'darkness', 'oseh' means 'maker' or 'doer', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'ra' means 'evil', 'Ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'kol' means 'all', 'elleh' means 'these'.
[ISA.45.8] Let the heavens be shaken from above and the clouds bring forth justice; open the earth and bring salvation, and righteousness will blossom together. I Yahveh have created it. [§]
har'ipu shamayim mimma'al ushekhakim yizlu-tzedek tiftach eretz veyifru-yesha u'tzdaka tatzmich yachad ani Yahveh beratiyvo
'har'ipu' means 'let be shaken', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 'mimma'al' means 'from above', 'ushekhakim' means 'and the clouds', 'yizlu-tzedek' means 'will bring forth justice', 'tiftach' means 'you shall open', 'eretz' means 'the earth', 'veyifru-yesha' means 'and they shall bring salvation', 'u'tzdaka' means 'and righteousness', 'tatzmich' means 'will blossom', 'yachad' means 'together', 'ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'beratiyvo' means 'in my creating' or 'I have created it'.
[ISA.45.9] Alas, great is the one who creates, a knife the earth's craftsmen, shall clay say to its maker what will you do, and your work there are no hands for him. [§]
Hoy rav et-yotzro cheres et-charsei adamah hayomar chomer le-yotzro mah-ta'aseh u-faalekha ein-yadayim lo.
'Hoy' means 'Alas', 'rav' means 'great' or 'many', 'et' is the accusative marker (not translated), 'yotzro' means 'its maker' or 'its creator', 'cheres' means 'knife' or 'cutting tool', 'charsei' means 'craftsmen' (the word is the plural construct form of 'craftsman'), 'adamah' means 'earth' or 'ground', 'hayomar' means 'shall he say' or 'might he say', 'chomer' means 'clay', 'le-yotzro' means 'to its maker', 'mah-ta'aseh' means 'what will you do' (literally 'what shall (you) do'), 'u-faalekha' means 'and your work', 'ein-yadayim' means 'there are no hands', 'lo' means 'for him' or 'to him'.
[ISA.45.10] Woe to the one who says to a father, 'What will you bear?', and to a woman, 'What will you bring forth?'. [§]
Hoy omer le'av ma-tolid ve-le'isha ma-techilin.
'Hoy' means 'Woe', 'omer' means 'who says' or 'saying', 'le'av' means 'to a father', 'ma-tolid' means 'what will you bear' (literally 'what will you give birth to'), 've-le'isha' means 'and to a woman', 'ma-techilin' means 'what will you bring forth' (literally 'what will you produce').
[ISA.45.11] Thus says Yahveh the Holy One of Israel, the Creator of the signs, ask me about my children and about the work of my hands, command me. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Kedosh Yisrael ve-yotzro ha'otiot she'alu-ni al-bani ve-al po'al yadi t'savuni.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHWH, 'Kedosh' means 'Holy', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 've' is a conjunction meaning 'and', 'yotzro' (from yotzer) means 'Creator', 'ha'otiot' means 'the signs', 'she'alu-ni' means 'ask me', 'al' means 'about', 'bani' means 'my children', 've-al' means 'and about', 'po'al' means 'work', 'yadi' means 'my hand(s)', 't'savuni' means 'command me'.
[ISA.45.12] I have made the earth, and I created man upon it; I stretched my hands to the heavens, and I commanded all their hosts. [§]
Anokhi asiti eretz veadam aleha barati ani yaday nato shamayim vechol tzevaam tziveti.
'Anokhi' means 'I', 'asiti' means 'have made', 'eretz' means 'earth', 'veadam' means 'and man', 'aleha' means 'upon it', 'barati' means 'I created', 'ani' means 'I', 'yaday' means 'my hands', 'nato' means 'stretched' or 'raised', 'shamayim' means 'the heavens', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'tzevaam' means 'their hosts' (celestial armies), 'tziveti' means 'I commanded'.
[ISA.45.13] I will awake him in righteousness and all his ways I will set straight. He will build my city and my exile will send not for a price and not for a bribe, said Yahveh of hosts. [§]
Anokhi ha'irotihu vetsedek ve'khol drakhav ayasher hu-yivne ireey ve-galuti yeshale'ach lo bimkhir velo veshohad amar Yahveh Tzevaot.
'Anokhi' means 'I'; 'ha'irotihu' means 'will awake him'; 'vetsedek' means 'in righteousness'; 've'khol' means 'and all'; 'drakhav' means 'his ways'; 'ayasher' means 'I will set straight'; 'hu-yivne' means 'he will build'; 'ireey' means 'my city'; 've-galuti' means 'and my exile'; 'yeshale'ach' means 'will send'; 'lo' means 'not'; 'bimkhir' means 'for a price'; 'velo' means 'and not'; 'veshohad' means 'for a bribe'; 'amar' means 'said'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH; 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts'.
[ISA.45.14] Thus says Yahveh: He will come from Egypt and the merchandise of Cush and the Sabaeans, the men of Midian; they will cross upon you, and for you they will be; behind you they will walk in the low places, they will cross; and to you they will bow, to you they will pray; only in you God, and there is no other, no gods. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh yegia Mitzrayim ve-schar Kush ve-sabaim anshei Midah alayich ya'avru ve-lach yihyu acharayich yelchu ba-zikim ya'avru ve-elayich yishtachavu elayich yitpalelu ach bach El ve-ein od efes Elohim.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH, 'yegia' means 'will come', 'Mitzrayim' is 'Egypt', 've-schar' means 'and the merchandise', 'Kush' is the region of Cush, 've-sabaim' means 'and the Sabaeans', 'anshei' means 'men of', 'Midah' is 'Midian', 'alayich' means 'upon you', 'ya'avru' means 'they will cross', 've-lach' means 'and for you', 'yihyu' means 'they will be', 'acharayich' means 'behind you', 'yelchu' means 'they will go', 'ba-zikim' means 'in the low places', 've-elayich' means 'and to you', 'yishtachavu' means 'they will bow', 'elayich' again 'to you', 'yitpalelu' means 'they will pray', 'ach' means 'only', 'bach' means 'in you/you alone', 'El' means 'God', 've-ein' means 'and there is not', 'od' means 'any other', 'efes' means 'none', 'Elohim' means 'the Gods' (plural).
[ISA.45.15] Indeed you are a hidden God, the Gods of Israel, Savior. [§]
Achen attah el mistater Elohei Yisrael moshia.
'Achen' means 'indeed', 'attah' means 'you', 'el' means 'God', 'mistater' means 'hidden' or 'concealed', 'Elohei' means 'the Gods of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'moshia' means 'Savior' or 'one who saves'.
[ISA.45.16] They shall be ashamed, and also they will be ruined, all of them together went into the smithy, craftsmen of nets. [§]
boshū vegam-niklemu kulam yachdaw haleku baklimmah charashei tsirim.
'boshū' means 'they shall be ashamed', 'vegam' means 'and also', 'niklemu' means 'they will be captured' or 'they will be ruined', 'kulam' means 'all of them', 'yachdaw' means 'together', 'haleku' means 'they went' or 'they walked', 'baklimmah' means 'in the smithy' or 'in the workshop', 'charashei' means 'craftsmen of', 'tsirim' means 'nets' (plural).
[ISA.45.17] Israel saved in Yahveh, salvation of the ages; you shall not be ashamed and you shall not be silenced until the ages are forever. [§]
Yisrael nosha baYahveh teshuat olamim lo teboshu ve lo tiklamu ad olmei ad.
'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'nosha' means 'saved' or 'salvation', 'baYahveh' means 'in Yahveh' (YHVH rendered as Yahveh), 'teshuat' means 'salvation of', 'olamim' means 'ages' or 'everlasting', 'lo' means 'not', 'teboshu' means 'you will be ashamed', 've' means 'and', 'lo' again means 'not', 'tiklamu' means 'you will be silenced' or 'you will be put to silence', 'ad' means 'until', 'olmei' means 'the ages of', and the final 'ad' means 'ever' or 'forever'.
[ISA.45.18] For thus said Yahveh, Creator of the heavens, he is the Gods, Forming the earth and making it; he establishes it, not void in its appearance, to settle its formation. I Yahveh, and there is no other. [§]
Ki ko amar Yahveh bore ha shamayim hu ha Elohim yotzer ha aretz ve osa hu konenah lo tohu be rah lashavet yotzarah ani Yahveh ve ein od.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of the divine name YHVH, 'bore' means 'creator', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 'hu' means 'he', 'Elohim' means 'the Gods' (plural), 'yotzer' means 'forming', 'aretz' means 'earth', 've' means 'and', 'osa' means 'making', 'konenah' means 'establishes', 'lo' means 'not', 'tohu' means 'void' or 'chaos', 'be' means 'in', 'rah' (from 'ra'ah') means 'seeing' or 'appearance', 'lashavet' means 'to sit' or 'to settle', 'yotzarah' means 'its formation', 'ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 've' means 'and', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'od' means 'else' or 'another'.
[ISA.45.19] I did not speak in secret, nor in a dark land did I say to the seed of Jacob that they are void; seek me. I Yahveh speak justice, proclaiming the righteous. [§]
Lo baseter dibarti bimekom eretz hoshekh lo amarti le'zarah yaakov tohu bakeshuni ani Yahveh dov'er tzedek magid me'sharim.
'Lo' means 'not', 'baseter' means 'in secret', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'bimekom' means 'in a place', 'eretz' means 'land' or 'earth', 'hoshekh' means 'darkness', 'lo' means 'not' (again), 'amarti' means 'I said', 'le'zarah yaakov' means 'to the seed of Jacob', 'tohu' means 'void' or 'nothing', 'bakeshuni' means 'seek me', 'ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'dov'er' means 'speaks', 'tzedek' means 'justice' or 'righteousness', 'magid' means 'proclaims', 'me'sharim' means 'the righteous'.
[ISA.45.20] Gather and come, confront together the rescued of the nations; they will not know the bearers of the wooden idol, and those who pray to God will not be saved. [§]
hikkabtsu vavvo hitnaggshu yachdav p'li tei haggoyim lo yadu hannosa'im et-etz pislam u-mitpallim el el lo yoshia.
'hikkabtsu' means 'gather', 'vavvo' means 'and come', 'hitnaggshu' means 'confront', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'p'li tei' means 'the rescued', 'haggoyim' means 'of the nations', 'lo' means 'not', 'yadu' means 'they will know', 'hannosa'im' means 'the bearers', 'et-etz' means 'the wooden', 'pislam' means 'idol', 'u-mitpallim' means 'and those who pray', 'el el' means 'to God', 'lo' means 'not', 'yoshia' means 'will save'.
[ISA.45.21] Proclaim and bring forward, also they will consult together; who has made this known from before? From long ago it was declared: Is it not I Yahveh, and there is no other the Gods besides me, a righteous God and savior, there is none besides me. [§]
hagidu vehagishu af yivaatsu yachdav mi hishmia zot mikedem meaz higida halo ani Yahveh veein od Elohim mib'aladai El tsaddik umoshia ayin zulati.
'hagidu' means 'proclaim', 'vehagishu' means 'and bring forward', 'af' means 'also', 'yivaatsu' means 'they will consult', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'mi' means 'who', 'hishmia' means 'has made heard', 'zot' means 'this', 'mikedem' means 'from before', 'meaz' means 'since long ago', 'higida' means 'it was declared', 'halo' means 'is it not', 'ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'veein' means 'and there is not', 'od' means 'any more', 'Elohim' is translated as 'the Gods', 'mib'aladai' means 'besides me', 'El' is translated as 'God', 'tsaddik' means 'righteous', 'umoshia' means 'and savior', 'ayin' means 'none', 'zulati' means 'besides me'.
[ISA.45.22] Turn to me and be saved all the ends of the earth, for I am God and there is no other. [§]
P'nu elai ve'hivashu kol afsei aretz ki ani el ve'eyn od.
'P'nu' means 'turn (your faces)'. 'elai' means 'to me'. 've'hivashu' means 'and be saved'. 'kol' means 'all'. 'afsei' means 'ends' or 'extremities'. 'aretz' means 'earth'. 'ki' means 'for'. 'ani' means 'I'. 'el' means 'God' (literal translation of the name El). 've'eyn' means 'and there is not'. 'od' means 'another' or 'else'.
[ISA.45.23] I have sworn by myself: a word of righteousness shall go out of my mouth and will not return; for to me every knee shall bow and every tongue shall be satisfied. [§]
Bi nishbat'i yatsa mi-pi tzedakah dabur ve'lo yashuv ki li tikra kol berach tishave kol lashon.
'Bi' means 'by me', 'nishbat'i' means 'I have sworn', 'yatsa' means 'will go out', 'mi-pi' means 'from my mouth', 'tzedakah' means 'righteousness', 'dabur' means 'word', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'yashuv' means 'return', 'ki li' means 'for me' or 'because to me', 'tikra' means 'you shall bow', 'kol' means 'every', 'berach' means 'knee', 'tishave' means 'you shall satisfy', 'lashon' means 'tongue'.
[ISA.45.24] Only in Yahveh is my righteousness and strength; to Him I shall come and all the thirsty will be dried up in Him. [§]
Ach baYahveh li amar tzedakot va'oz adav yavo ve'yevoshu kol hanach'rim bo.
'Ach' means 'only' or 'but', 'baYahveh' means 'in Yahveh', 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me', 'amar' means 'said', 'tzedakot' means 'righteousness' (plural), 'va'oz' means 'and strength', 'adav' means 'to Him', 'yavo' means 'he will come', 've'yevoshu' means 'and they will be dried up', 'kol' means 'all', 'hanach'rim' means 'the thirsty' or 'the deprived', 'bo' means 'in Him'.
[ISA.45.25] In Yahveh they will be justified and will praise, all the seed of Israel. [§]
BaYahweh yitzdequ ve'yithalelu kol zera Yisrael.
'BaYahweh' means 'in Yahveh', 'yitzdequ' means 'they will be justified', 've' means 'and', 'yithalelu' means 'they will praise', 'kol' means 'all', 'zera' means 'seed' or 'offspring', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
ISA.46
[ISA.46.1] Bow, Bel, the crusher, his prophet; they were their idols for the living and for the beasts; your burdens are labors, a load for the pest. [§]
kara bel kores nevo hayu atzaveihem lachayah velabhemah nesoteikhem amutos masa layefah.
'kara' means 'to bow' or 'to prostrate'. 'bel' is the name of a deity, rendered here as the word Bel. 'kores' means 'crusher' or 'grinder'. 'nevo' means 'his prophet' or 'his prophecy'. 'hayu' means 'they were'. 'atzaveihem' means 'their idols' (atzav = idol, -eihem = their). 'lachayah' means 'for the living'. 'velabhemah' means 'and for the beasts'. 'nesoteikhem' means 'your burdens'. 'amutos' means 'labors' or 'works'. 'masa' means 'load' or 'burden'. 'layefah' means 'for the pest' or 'to the pest'.
[ISA.46.2] They sank, they fell together; they could not lift the load, and their soul went into the pit. [§]
Karsu karu yachdav lo yachlu malet masa ve'nafsham ba'shvi halacha.
'Karsu' means 'they sank', 'karu' means 'they fell', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'lo' means 'not', 'yachlu' means 'they could', 'malet' means 'to lift', 'masa' means 'the load', 've' is the conjunction 'and', 'nafsham' means 'their soul', 'ba' means 'in the', 'shvi' means 'pit', 'halacha' means 'went'.
[ISA.46.3] Listen to me, house of Jacob, and all the remnant of the house of Israel, the oppressed from the womb, the carried from the womb. [§]
Shimu elai beit Yaakov vechol sheerit beit Yisrael haamusim mini-beten ha nesuim mini-raham.
'Shimu' means 'listen', 'elai' means 'to me', 'beit Yaakov' means 'house of Jacob', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'sheerit' means 'remnant', 'beit Yisrael' means 'house of Israel', 'haamusim' means 'the oppressed' or 'the burdened', 'mini-beten' means 'from the womb', 'ha nesuim' means 'the carried' or 'the lifted', 'mini-raham' means 'from the womb' (or 'from mercy'). The divine name 'El' appears within 'elai' but here it functions as a pronoun 'to me' rather than the name of God, so it is rendered in its ordinary sense.
[ISA.46.4] Even until old age I am he, and even until the end I will be broken; I have made, and I will lift, and I will be broken, and I will die. [§]
ve'ad ziknah ani hu ve'ad sheva ani esbol ani asiti va'ani essa va'ani esbol va'amallet
've'ad' means 'even until', 'ziknah' means 'old age', 'ani' means 'I', 'hu' means 'he', 'sheva' means 'the end', 'esbol' means 'I will be broken' (from the verb 'sabal' to break), 'asiti' means 'I have done' or 'I made', 'va'ani' means 'and I', 'essa' means 'I will lift', 'va'amallet' means 'and I will die' (from the verb 'malat' to die).
[ISA.46.5] To whom shall they liken me, and they will be silent, and they will dominate me, and we will be silent. [§]
Lemi tedamiyuni ve-tashvu ve-tamshiluni ve-nidmeh.
'Lemi' means 'to whom' or 'for whom'; 'tedamiyuni' is a verb meaning 'they will liken me' or 'they will compare me'; 've-tashvu' means 'and they will be silent'; 've-tamshiluni' means 'and they will dominate me' or 'exercise authority over me'; 've-nidmeh' means 'and we will be silent' or 'we will be humbled'.
[ISA.46.6] The false ones weigh gold from a pouch and silver on a scale, they will hire a forger and make him a God; they will bow down and worship him. [§]
Ha zalim zahav mi kis ve kesef ba kaneh yishk'lu yisk'ru tzoref ve ya'asehu El yis'g'du af yishtachavu.
'Ha' means 'the'. 'zalim' means 'false ones' or 'deceivers'. 'zahav' means 'gold'. 'mi kis' means 'from a pouch'. 've' means 'and'. 'kesef' means 'silver'. 'ba kaneh' means 'on a scale'. 'yishk'lu' means 'they will weigh'. 'yisk'ru' means 'they will hire'. 'tzoref' means 'a forger' or 'smith'. 've' again means 'and'. 'ya'asehu' means 'they will make him'. 'El' (translated as 'God') means 'a deity' or 'a god'. 'yis'g'du' means 'they will bow'. 'af' means 'also' or 'even'. 'yishtachavu' means 'they will worship'.
[ISA.46.7] He will lift him upon the shoulder, they will bear him and lay him down beneath him, and he will stand from his place, he will not remain; indeed he will cry out to him, and will not answer his distress, he will not save him. [§]
yisa'uhu al-katef yis'beluhu ve'yanichuhu tachta'iv ve'ya'amod mim-mekomo lo yamish af yitz'ak elav velo ya'aneh mitzartovo lo yoshienu.
'yisa'uhu' means 'he will lift him', 'al' means 'upon', 'katef' means 'shoulder', 'yis'beluhu' means 'they will bear him', 've' means 'and', 'yanichuhu' means 'they will lay him down', 'tachta'iv' means 'under him', 'ya'amod' means 'he will stand', 'mim-mekomo' means 'from his place', 'lo' means 'not', 'yamish' means 'remain', 'af' means 'indeed/even', 'yitz'ak' means 'he will cry out', 'elav' means 'to him', 'velo' means 'and not', 'ya'aneh' means 'he will answer', 'mitzartovo' means 'his distress', 'yoshienu' means 'he will save him'.
[ISA.46.8] Remember this and rejoice, bring back the wicked upon the heart. [§]
Zikru zot ve'hitoshashu hashivu poshei'im al lev.
'Zikru' means 'remember' (imperative plural), 'zot' means 'this', 've' means 'and', 'hitoshashu' means 'rejoice' (reflexive imperative plural), 'hashivu' means 'bring back' or 'restore' (imperative plural), 'poshei'im' means 'wicked' or 'perverse ones', 'al' means 'upon' or 'over', 'lev' means 'heart'.
[ISA.46.9] Remember former things from eternity, for I am God and there is no other god, and there is none like me. [§]
Zichru rishonot me'olam ki anokhi el ve'ein od elohim ve'efes kamoni.
'Zichru' means 'Remember', 'rishonot' means 'former things', 'me'olam' means 'from eternity', 'ki' means 'because', 'anokhi' means 'I am', 'el' means 'God', 've'ein' means 'and there is not', 'od' means 'any other', 'elohim' means 'the Gods', 've'efes' means 'and none', 'kamoni' means 'like me'.
[ISA.46.10] He declares from the beginning to the end, and even from before what was not yet made, saying: My counsel will stand and I will accomplish all my desire. [§]
Maggid me'reishit acharit u'mikedom asher lo-na'asu omer atzati takum ve'khol-cheftsi e'ese.
'Maggid' means 'one who proclaims' or 'declares'; 'me'reishit' means 'from the beginning'; 'acharith' means 'to the end'; 'u'mikedom' means 'and from before'; 'asher' means 'that which'; 'lo-na'asu' means 'has not been made' or 'was not created'; 'omer' means 'says' or 'is saying'; 'atzati' means 'my counsel'; 'takum' means 'will stand' or 'will be established'; 've'khol-cheftsi' means 'and all my desire'; 'e'ese' means 'I will do' or 'I will make happen'.
[ISA.46.11] Calls from the east, a thorn from the far land; a man, my counsel, and I spoke, and I will bring it, I formed, and I will do it. [§]
Kore mimizrach ayit me'eretz merchak ish atzati af-dibarti af-avi'ena yatzarti af-e'eshena.
'Kore' means 'calls', 'mimizrach' means 'from the east', 'ayit' means 'thorn' or 'sharp thing', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'merchak' means 'far', 'ish' means 'man', 'atzati' means 'my counsel' or 'my plan', 'af-dibarti' means 'and I spoke', 'af-avi'ena' means 'and I will bring it', 'yatzarti' means 'I formed', 'af-e'eshena' means 'and I will do it'.
[ISA.46.12] Listen to me, O mighty‑hearted, the distant ones, for righteousness. [§]
Shimu elai avirei lev ha-rechokim mi-tzedakah.
'Shimu' means 'listen' (imperative plural), 'elai' means 'to me', 'avirei' means 'mighty' or 'brave', 'lev' means 'heart', so 'avirei lev' is 'mighty‑hearted' or 'brave‑hearted', 'ha-rechokim' means 'the distant ones', and 'mi-tzedakah' means 'for righteousness' or 'for justice'.
[ISA.46.13] I have drawn near, my righteousness will not be distant, and my salvation will not be delayed; and I will give salvation in Zion to Israel, my glory. [§]
Keravti tzedkati lo tirchak uteshuati lo te'acher ve'natati beTziyon teshua leYisrael tifarti.
'Keravti' means 'I have drawn near', 'tzedkati' means 'my righteousness', 'lo' means 'not', 'tirchak' means 'you will be distant', 'uteshuati' means 'and my salvation', 'lo' means 'not', 'te'acher' means 'you will delay', 've'natati' means 'and I will give', 'beTziyon' means 'in Zion', 'teshua' means 'salvation', 'leYisrael' means 'to Israel', 'tifarti' means 'my glory' or 'I will shine'.
ISA.47
[ISA.47.1] Go and return upon the dust, O virgin, daughter of Babylon; return to the earth, there is no throne for you, daughter of the Chaldeans, because you will not be added to, they will call you soft and pleasant. [§]
redi u'shevi al-afar betulat bat-bavel shevi-la-aretz ein-kise bat-kasdim ki lo tosifi yikreu-lakh rakah va'anugah.
'redi' means 'go', 'u'shevi' means 'and return', 'al-afar' means 'upon dust', 'betulat' means 'virgin (of)', 'bat-bavel' means 'daughter of Babylon', 'shevi-la-aretz' means 'return to the earth', 'ein-kise' means 'there is no throne', 'bat-kasdim' means 'daughter of the Chaldeans', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'tosifi' means 'you will add/continue', 'yikreu-lakh' means 'they will call you', 'rakah' means 'soft' or 'delicate', 'va'anugah' means 'and pleasant'.
[ISA.47.2] Take winds, and support me flour, my wave, your thirst, my cheek-rebel, my wave-shock, Hebrew, rivers. [§]
kechi rechayim ve-tachani kamach galli tzammatekh chespi-shovel galli-shok ivri neharot.
'kechi' means 'take (feminine singular)', 'rechayim' means 'winds', 've-tachani' means 'and support me', 'kamach' means 'flour', 'galli' means 'my wave', 'tzammatekh' means 'your thirst', 'chespi-shovel' means 'my cheek-rebel', 'galli-shok' means 'my wave-shock', 'ivri' means 'Hebrew', 'neharot' means 'rivers'.
[ISA.47.3] Your nakedness will be uncovered, and you will see your shame; I will take vengeance, and I will not strike a man. [§]
Tigal ervatekha gam t'ereh cherpetekha naqem ekach velo efga adam.
'Tigal' means 'will be uncovered', 'ervatekha' means 'your nakedness', 'gam' means 'also', 't'ereh' means 'you will see', 'cherpetekha' means 'your shame', 'naqem' means 'I will take vengeance', 'ekach' means 'I will take', 'velo' means 'and not', 'efga' means 'I will strike/harm', 'adam' means 'a man'.
[ISA.47.4] Our redeemer Yahveh of hosts, his name Holy Israel. [§]
Goaleinu Yahveh Tzevaot shemo Kadosh Yisrael.
'Goaleinu' means 'our redeemer', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts' (armies), 'shemo' means 'his name', 'Kadosh' means 'holy', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'.
[ISA.47.5] Be silent and go in darkness, daughter of the Keshites, for they will not call you queen of kingdoms. [§]
Shevi dumam uvoi bachoshekh bat-kashdim ki lo tosifi yikreu lach geveret mamlekhot.
'Shevi' means 'be silent', 'dumam' means 'silently' or 'in silence', 'uvoi' means 'and go', 'bachoshekh' means 'in darkness', 'bat-kashdim' means 'daughter of the Keshites', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'tosifi' means 'you will add' or 'you shall continue', 'yikreu' means 'they will call', 'lach' means 'to you', 'geveret' means 'queen', 'mamlekhot' means 'of kingdoms'.
[ISA.47.6] I was angry against my people, I defiled my inheritance, and I gave them into your hand; you gave them no mercy; concerning the elder you greatly increased their burden. [§]
Katzapti al-ami chilalti nachalti va'etnem beyadech lo samti lahem rachamim al-zaken hichbadt ullecha meod.
'Katzapti' means 'I was angry', 'al' means 'against', 'ami' means 'my people', 'chilalti' means 'I defiled', 'nachalti' means 'my inheritance', 'va'etnem' means 'and I gave them', 'beyadech' means 'into your hand', 'lo' means 'not', 'samti' means 'you set/gave', 'lahem' means 'for them', 'rachamim' means 'mercy', 'al' means 'concerning', 'zaken' means 'the old/elder', 'hichbadt' means 'you increased', 'ullecha' means 'their burden', 'meod' means 'greatly'.
[ISA.47.7] And she said, I shall be a mighty one forever, until you do not place these upon your heart and you do not remember their conclusion. [§]
vatoamri leolam ehye geveret ad lo samet elleh al libbech lo zakhart acharitah
'vatoamri' means 'and she said', 'leolam' means 'forever', 'ehye' means 'I will be', 'geveret' means 'a strong woman' or 'mighty one', 'ad' means 'until', 'lo' means 'not', 'samet' means 'you set' or 'you placed', 'elleh' means 'these', 'al' means 'upon', 'libbech' means 'your heart', 'lo' again means 'not', 'zakhart' means 'you remembered', 'acharitah' means 'its end' or 'its conclusion'.
[ISA.47.8] And now listen to this, Adina who sits confidently, saying in her heart, 'I, and even still, will not sit as a widow, nor will I know old age.' [§]
ve'atta shmi'i zot Adina hayoshevet lavetach ha'omrah bilvavah ani ve'afsi od lo eshev almanah ve'lo eda shechol.
've'atta' means 'and now', 'shmi'i' is the feminine imperative meaning 'listen', 'zot' means 'this', 'Adina' is a proper name, 'hayoshevet' means 'the one who sits', 'lavetach' means 'confidently' or 'with assurance', 'ha'omrah' means 'the one saying', 'bilvavah' means 'in her heart', 'ani' means 'I', 've'afsi' means 'and also' or 'and still', 'od' means 'still' or 'more', 'lo' means 'not', 'eshev' means 'I will sit', 'almanah' means 'a widow', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'eda' means 'I will know', 'shechol' means 'old age' or 'age'.
[ISA.47.9] And it will be to you two such moments in a single day: mourning and widowhood, as they, in their silence, came upon you in great multitude, like your lashes, by the great strength of your companions, exceedingly. [§]
ve-tavonah lakh shtei-elleh rega beyom echad shekhol ve-almon ketummam ba'u alayich berov keshafayich be'atzmat chavarayich meod.
've-tavonah' means 'and it will be to you', 'lakh' means 'for you' (feminine), 'shtei-elleh' means 'two of these', 'rega' means 'moment', 'beyom' means 'in a day', 'echad' means 'one', 'shekhol' means 'mourning', 've-almon' means 'and widowhood', 'ketummam' means 'as they were silent', 'ba'u' means 'they came', 'alayich' means 'upon you', 'berov' means 'in great number', 'keshafayich' means 'as your lashes', 'be'atzmat' means 'by the strength of', 'chavarayich' means 'your companions', 'meod' means 'very' or 'exceedingly'.
[ISA.47.10] And you trusted in your wickedness, you said there is not one who sees me, your wisdom and your knowledge are your dwelling, and you will say in your heart I and my ruin still. [§]
Va-tibtechi be-ra'atekha amart ein ro'ani chakhamatekha ve-da'atekha hi shovvetekha ve-tomri be-libekha ani ve-apsi od.
'Va' means 'and', 'tibtechi' means 'you trusted', 'be' means 'in', 'ra'atekha' means 'your wickedness', 'amart' means 'you said', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'ro'ani' means 'seeing me', 'chakhamatekha' means 'your wisdom', 've' means 'and', 'da'atekha' means 'your knowledge', 'hi' means 'it is', 'shovvetekha' means 'your dwelling', 've' means 'and', 'tomri' means 'you will say', 'be' means 'in', 'libekha' means 'your heart', 'ani' means 'I', 've' means 'and', 'apsi' means 'my ruin', 'od' means 'still'.
[ISA.47.11] And evil will come upon you, you will not know its darkness; and Yahveh will fall upon you, you will not be able to atone; and sudden destruction will come upon you, you will not know it. [§]
uva alayich ra'a lo teidi sahra ve tippol alayich Yahveh lo tuxli kappra ve tavo alayich pitom shoa lo teidi
'uva' means 'and will come', 'alayich' means 'upon you' (feminine), 'ra\'a' means 'evil', 'lo' means 'you will not', 'teidi' means 'know', 'sahra' means 'its darkness', 've' means 'and', 'tippol' means 'will fall', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'tuxli' means 'you will be able', 'kappra' means 'to atone', 'tavo' means 'will come', 'pitom' means 'sudden', 'shoa' means 'destruction', the final 'lo teidi' repeats 'you will not know'.
[ISA.47.12] Stand, please, among your companions and in the multitude of your maidens where you have grown weary from your youth; perhaps you may become wise, perhaps you may be disgraced. [§]
Imdi na ba-chavrayich uve-rov keshafayich ba-aser yagat mi-ne'urayich ulay tukhli ho'il ulay ta'arotsi.
'Imdi' means 'stand', 'na' is a polite particle meaning 'please', 'ba-chavrayich' means 'among your companions', 'uve-rov' means 'and in the multitude', 'keshafayich' means 'of your servants/maidens', 'ba-aser' means 'where', 'yagat' means 'you have become weary', 'mi-ne'urayich' means 'from your youth', 'ulay' means 'perhaps', 'tukhli' means 'you may be able', 'ho'il' means 'to be wise or clever', another 'ulay' means 'perhaps', and 'ta'arotsi' means 'you may be ashamed or disgraced'.
[ISA.47.13] You will be exhausted in the abundance of your counsel; please stand and they will save you; the creator of heavens, the one who watches in the stars, announces to the months what will come upon you. [§]
Nile'et be'rov atzataich ya'amdu-na ve'yoshiyuch hovrei shamayim ha'chozim ba'kokhavim modi'im lechadashim me'aser yavohu alayich.
'Nile'et' means 'you will be exhausted', 'be'rov' means 'in the abundance', 'atzataich' means 'of your counsel', 'ya'amdu-na' means 'please stand', 've'yoshiyuch' means 'and they will save you', 'hovrei' means 'the creator', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 'ha'chozim' means 'the one who watches', 'ba'kokhavim' means 'in the stars', 'modi'im' means 'they announce', 'lechadashim' means 'to the months', 'me'aser' means 'from what', 'yavohu' means 'they will come', 'alayich' means 'upon you'.
[ISA.47.14] Behold, they are like a spark of fire; their scorching will not save their lives from the hand of flame. There is no coal for their bread, only light for sitting before it. [§]
Hineh hayu keqash esh s'rafatam lo yatzilu et nafsham mi yad lehavah ein gachelet lacham ur lashevet negdo.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'hayu' means 'they were' or 'they became', 'keqash' means 'like a spark', 'esh' means 'fire', 's'rafatam' means 'their burning' or 'their scorching', 'lo' means 'not', 'yatzilu' means 'they will save' (future, third person plural), 'et' is the accusative particle marking the direct object, 'nafsham' means 'their souls' or 'their lives', 'mi' means 'from', 'yad' means 'hand', 'lehavah' means 'of flame' or 'flame', 'ein' means 'there is no', 'gachelet' means 'coal' or 'charcoal', 'lacham' means 'their bread', 'ur' means 'light', 'lashevet' means 'for sitting' or 'for dwelling', 'negdo' means 'before it' or 'in its presence'.
[ISA.47.15] Thus they were to you, those who made you weary, your merchants from your youth; a man by his iniquity goes astray, there is no savior for you. [§]
Ken hayu-lach asher yaga't socharayich minne'urayich ish le'evro ta'u ein moshieich.
'Ken' means 'thus', 'hayu-lach' means 'they were to you', 'asher' means 'who' or 'that', 'yaga't' means 'you were weary', 'socharayich' means 'your merchants', 'minne'urayich' means 'from your youth', 'ish' means 'a man', 'le'evro' means 'by his iniquity', 'ta'u' means 'goes astray', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'moshieich' means 'your savior'.
ISA.48
[ISA.48.1] Listen to this, O house of Jacob, who are called by the name Israel, and from the waters of Judah they went out, the oath‑takers in the name Yahveh and by the Gods of Israel they will swear not in truth and not in righteousness. [§]
Shimu-zo't beit-Ya'akov hanikra'im be-shem Yisrael u-mimmei Yehudah yatze'u ha-nishba'im be-shem Yahveh u-be-Elohei Yisrael yazkhiru lo be'emet ve'lo bitzda'kah.
'Shimu' means 'listen', 'zo''t' means 'this', 'beit-Ya'akov' means 'house of Jacob', 'hanikra'im' means 'who are called', 'be-shem' means 'by the name', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'u-mimmei' means 'and from the waters of', 'Yehudah' means 'Judah', 'yatze'u' means 'they went out', 'ha-nishba'im' means 'the oath‑takers', 'be-shem' again 'in the name', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'u-be-Elohei' means 'and by the Gods', 'Yisrael' again 'of Israel', 'yazkhiru' means 'they will swear', 'lo' means 'not', 'be'emet' means 'in truth', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'bitzda'kah' means 'in righteousness'.
[ISA.48.2] For from the holy city they were called and upon the Gods of Israel they trusted Yahveh of hosts is his name. [§]
Ki-meir haQodesh nikra'u ve'al-Elohei Yisrael nismachu Yahveh Tzevaot shemo.
'Ki' means 'for', 'meir' means 'from the city', 'haQodesh' means 'the holy', 'nikra'u' means 'they were called', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'Elohei' means 'the Gods of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'nismachu' means 'they trusted', 'Yahveh' is the literal form of YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', and 'shemo' means 'his name'.
[ISA.48.3] I have declared the former things from the beginning; they went out of my mouth and I will make them heard. Suddenly I did it, and they came. [§]
hareshonot me'az higadti u'mipi yatz'u ve'ashmiy'em pit'om asiti vata'vo'ah.
'hareshonot' means 'the former (things)'; 'me'az' means 'from the beginning' or 'since then'; 'higadti' means 'I declared' or 'I have told'; 'u'mipi' means 'and from my mouth'; 'yatz'u' means 'they went out' or 'they were spoken'; 've'ashmiy'em' means 'and I will cause them to be heard'; 'pit'om' means 'suddenly' or 'all at once'; 'asiti' means 'I did' or 'I made'; 'vata'vo'ah' means 'and they came' (or 'and she came') depending on context.
[ISA.48.4] From my knowledge, because you are hard, and your iron gut and your forehead are copper. [§]
midatti ki kasheh attah ve-gid barzel arfekha u-mitskha nekhusah.
'midatti' means 'from my knowledge', 'ki' means 'because', 'kasheh' means 'hard', 'attah' means 'you are', 've-gid' means 'and gut' (literally 'intestines'), 'barzel' means 'iron', 'arfekha' means 'your sharpening' or 'your sharpened (thing)', 'u-mitskha' means 'and your forehead', 'nekhusah' means 'copper'.
[ISA.48.5] And I will tell you from now before you come, I have heard you, lest you say: my anger is set, and my dismissal and my offering have been commanded. [§]
Vaagid lecha meaz beterem tavo hisshma'ticha pen tomar atzvi asam u-fisli ve-niskhi tzivam.
'Vaagid' means 'and I will tell', 'lecha' means 'to you', 'meaz' means 'from now', 'beterem' means 'before', 'tavo' means 'you come', 'hisshma'ticha' means 'I have heard you', 'pen' means 'lest', 'tomar' means 'you say', 'atzvi' means 'my anger', 'asam' means 'made' or 'set', 'u-fisli' means 'and my dismissal', 've-niskhi' means 'and my offering', 'tzivam' means 'has been commanded'.
[ISA.48.6] You have heard, behold all of it, and you, are you not to proclaim? I have made you hear new things from now and hidden ones, and you do not know them. [§]
shamarta chazeh kullah veatem halo tagidu hishma'ticha chadashot meatah unetzurot velo yedatam.
'shamarta' means 'you have heard', 'chazeh' means 'behold' or 'see', 'kullah' means 'all of it', 'veatem' means 'and you (plural)', 'halo' means 'are not' or 'is it not', 'tagidu' means 'you will tell' or 'you will proclaim', 'hishma'ticha' means 'I have made you hear' or 'have you heard', 'chadashot' means 'new things', 'meatah' means 'from now' or 'since now', 'unetzurot' means 'and hidden things', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yedatam' means 'you know them'.
[ISA.48.7] Now they were created and not before, and before the day and you have not heard them lest you say, "Behold, I have known." [§]
Attah niv'ruu ve-lo me'az ve-lifnei-yom ve-lo shema'tam pen-to'mar hineh yedatin.
'Attah' means 'now', 'niv'ruu' means 'they were created', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'me'az' means 'from before', 've-lifnei-yom' means 'and before the day', 've-lo' again means 'and not', 'shema'tam' means 'you heard them', 'pen' means 'lest' or 'so that not', 'to'mar' means 'you will say', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'yedatin' means 'I have known' (first person singular perfect).
[ISA.48.8] Even you have not heard, even you have not known, even since then you have not opened your ears, for I know betrayal, you will betray, and the sinner from the womb calls you. [§]
Gam lo‑sham'ata gam lo yada'ta gam me'az lo‑pittecha aznecha ki yada'ti ba‑god tivgod u‑poshe'a mibeten kora lecha.
'Gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'lo‑sham'ata' means 'you have not heard', 'gam' again 'also', 'lo yada'ta' means 'you have not known', 'gam' again 'also', 'me'az' means 'since then', 'lo‑pittecha' means 'you have not opened', 'aznecha' means 'your ears', 'ki' means 'for', 'yada'ti' means 'I know', 'ba‑god' means 'in betrayal', 'tivgod' means 'you will betray', 'u‑poshe'a' means 'and the sinner', 'mibeten' means 'from the womb', 'kora' means 'calls', 'lecha' means 'to you'.
[ISA.48.9] Because of my name I will lengthen my anger and my praise I will seal for you, lest I cut you off. [§]
lema'an shemi a'arich api utehalati echetam-lach levilti hakritekha.
'lema'an' means 'for the purpose of' or 'because of', 'shemi' means 'my name', 'a'arich' (from the root arakh) means 'I will lengthen' or 'I will extend', 'api' means 'my anger', 'utehalati' means 'and my praise', 'echetam' (from chetam) means 'I will seal' and '-lach' means 'to you' or 'for you', 'levilti' means 'without' or 'lest', 'hakritekha' (from karet) means 'I will cut you off' or 'I will cut you away'.
[ISA.48.10] Behold, I have carved you and not with silver; I have chosen you as a firstborn poor. [§]
Hinneh tzeraptikha ve'lo bekasaf bechartikha bekhur oni.
'Hinneh' means 'behold', 'tzeraptikha' means 'I have carved you', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'bekasaf' means 'with silver', 'bechartikha' means 'I have chosen you', 'bekhur' means 'as a firstborn', 'oni' means 'my poor' or 'my wretchedness'.
[ISA.48.11] For my sake, for my sake I will act, because how shall I become weak, and I will not give my glory to another. [§]
Le-ma'ani le-ma'ani e'eh-se kee eich yechal u-k'vodi le-aCher lo eten.
'Le-ma'ani' means 'for my sake' or 'for my answer', repeated for emphasis. 'e'eh-se' is the first‑person singular future of 'to do', meaning 'I will do'. 'kee' introduces a reason, translated as 'because' or 'for'. 'eich' means 'how'. 'yechal' is a verb from the root CHL meaning 'to become weak or sick', so 'yechal' = 'shall become weak'. 'u-k'vodi' = 'and my glory' (k'vod = glory, honor). 'le-aCher' means 'to another' (aCher = another, other). 'lo' means 'not'. 'eten' is the first‑person singular future of 'to give', therefore 'I will give'. The verse thus asks rhetorically how the speaker could become weak while refusing to give his glory to anyone else.
[ISA.48.12] Hear me, Jacob, and Israel, my calling; I am He; I am first, and I am last. [§]
Shema Eli Yaakov veYisrael mekora'i ani-hu ani risho af ani acharon.
'Shema' means 'hear' (imperative). 'Eli' means 'to me' (the preposition 'to' with the first‑person suffix, not the divine name). 'Yaakov' is the proper name Jacob. 'veYisrael' means 'and Israel'. 'mekora'i' means 'my calling' or 'my summons' (literally 'my caller'). 'ani-hu' means 'I am he'. 'ani' means 'I'. 'risho' means 'first'. 'af' means 'also' or 'indeed'. 'acharon' means 'last' or 'the one after'.
[ISA.48.13] Even my hand founded the earth, and my right hand spread the heavens; I call to them, and they will stand together. [§]
Af-yadi yasda eretz vi-mini tippachah shamayim kore ani alehem yaamdu yachdav.
'Af' means 'even' or 'also', 'yadi' means 'my hand', 'yasda' means 'founded' or 'established', 'eretz' means 'earth', 'vi-mini' means 'and my right (hand)', 'tippachah' means 'stretched out' or 'spread', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 'kore' means 'I call', 'ani' means 'I', 'alehem' means 'to them', 'yaamdu' means 'they will stand', 'yachdav' means 'together'.
[ISA.48.14] Gather all of you and hear, who among them reported these Yahveh his love will do his desire in Babylon and his arm like a field. [§]
Hikkabtsu kulkhem u-shma'u mi bahem higgid et-elleh Yahveh ahevo ya'aseh cheftzo beBavel u-zer'o kassdim.
'Hikkabtsu' means 'gather' (imperative plural), 'kulkhem' means 'all of you', 'u-shma'u' means 'and hear', 'mi' means 'who', 'bahem' means 'among them', 'higgid' means 'has told', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'elleh' means 'these', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ahevo' means 'his love' (from the root love), 'ya'aseh' means 'will do' or 'will make', 'cheftzo' means 'his desire' or 'his will', 'beBavel' means 'in Babylon', 'u-zer'o' means 'and his arm', 'kassdim' means 'like a field' (literally 'as a field').
[ISA.48.15] I, I have spoken, also I called him, I brought him, and his way succeeded. [§]
Ani Ani dibarti af-kerativ hav'ioti ve'hitslich darko.
'Ani' means 'I', the first occurrence emphasizes the speaker. 'Dibarti' means 'I spoke' or 'I have spoken'. 'Af' means 'also' or 'still', and the attached suffix '-kerativ' is the verb 'called him' (from 'kara' with third person masculine singular object marker). 'Hav'ioti' means 'I brought him' (from 'havah' meaning 'to bring' with first person singular perfect and object suffix). 'Ve' is the conjunction 'and'. 'Hitslich' means 'succeeded' or 'prospered' (from the verb root 'tzlach' in a reflexive form). 'Darko' means 'his way' (from 'derech' meaning 'way' with masculine singular possessive suffix).
[ISA.48.16] Draw near to me, listen to this: I have not spoken from the beginning in secret; since the time it was, I was there, and now my Lord Yahveh has sent me and his spirit. [§]
Kirvu elai shimu zot lo merosh ba-seter dibarti me'et heyota sham ani ve'atta Adonai Yahveh shelachani ve'ruacho.
'Kirvu' means 'draw near', 'elai' means 'to me', 'shimu' means 'listen', 'zot' means 'this', 'lo' means 'not', 'merosh' means 'from the beginning', 'ba-seter' means 'in secret', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'me'et' means 'since the time', 'heyota' means 'it was', 'sham' means 'there', 'ani' means 'I', 've'atta' means 'and now', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' means the divine name YHWH rendered as 'Yahveh', 'shelachani' means 'has sent me', 've'ruacho' means 'and his spirit'.
[ISA.48.17] Thus says Yahveh, your Redeemer, Holy One of Israel: I, Yahveh your God, am teaching you to lead your guide astray on the road you walk. [§]
koh amar Yahveh goalcha kadosh Yisrael ani Yahveh elohecha melamedcha lehoil madrikacha bederekh telekh.
'koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'goalcha' means 'your redeemer', 'kadosh' means 'holy', 'Yisrael' is the name 'Israel', 'ani' means 'I', 'elohecha' means 'your God' (El = God), 'melamedcha' means 'teaching you', 'lehoil' means 'to cause to go astray', 'madrikacha' means 'your guide', 'bederekh' means 'in the way/road', 'telekh' means 'you walk'.
[ISA.48.18] Now you have listened to my commandments, and your peace shall flow like a river, and your righteousness like the waves of the sea. [§]
Lu hikshavta lemitzvotai vayihyeh kannahar shlomecha vetzidkatecha kegallei hayam.
'Lu' is an emphatic particle roughly meaning 'Now' or 'indeed'. 'hikshavta' means 'you listened' (second person singular, masculine). 'lemitzvotai' means 'to my commandments'. 'vayihyeh' means 'and it will be' or 'and it shall become'. 'kannahar' means 'like a river'. 'shlomecha' means 'your peace' (addressed to the divine). 'vetzidkatecha' means 'and your righteousness'. 'kegallei' means 'like the waves of'. 'hayam' means 'the sea'. The phrase uses a common biblical idiom comparing divine blessings to abundant natural flows, here a river for peace and sea waves for righteousness.
[ISA.48.19] And it was as sand your seed and the offshoots from you like its shoots shall not be cut and shall not be destroyed his name before me. [§]
Vayehi kachol zar'echa v'tze'etzei me'echa kim'otav lo yikkaret ve'lo yishamed shemo milfanai.
'Vayehi' means 'and it was', 'kachol' means 'like sand', 'zar'echa' means 'your seed', 'v'tze'etzei' means 'and the offshoots', 'me'echa' means 'from you', 'kim'otav' means 'like its shoots', 'lo yikkaret' means 'shall not be cut', 've'lo yishamed' means 'and shall not be destroyed', 'shemo' means 'his name', 'milfanai' means 'before me'.
[ISA.48.20] Go out from Babylon, flee from the Chaldeans, with a voice of rejoicing announce this: bring it out to the ends of the earth. Say, Yahveh has redeemed his servant Jacob. [§]
Tzeu miBabel birchu miKashdim beKol rina hagidu hashmiau zot hotziooha ad-ktzeh haaretz imru gaal Yahveh avdo Yaakov.
'Tzeu' means 'go out', 'miBabel' means 'from Babylon', 'birchu' means 'flee', 'miKashdim' means 'from the Chaldeans', 'beKol' means 'with a voice', 'rina' means 'of rejoicing', 'hagidu' means 'announce', 'hashmiau' means 'make heard', 'zot' means 'this', 'hotziooha' means 'bring it out', 'ad-ktzeh' means 'to the end', 'haaretz' means 'of the earth', 'imru' means 'say', 'gaal' means 'has redeemed', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, 'avdo' means 'his servant', and 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob'.
[ISA.48.21] And they did not thirst in the deserts; water was led from the rock, it flowed to them, and the rock was split and water sprang. [§]
ve'lo tzam'u ba'charavot holikām mayim mitzur hizil lamo vayivqa tzur vayazuvu mayim.
've'lo' means 'and not', 'tzam'u' means 'they thirsted', 'ba'charavot' means 'in the deserts', 'holikām' means 'they led', 'mayim' means 'water', 'mitzur' means 'from a rock', 'hizil' means 'it flowed', 'lamo' means 'to them', 'vayivqa' means 'and he split', 'tzur' means 'the rock', 'vayazuvu' means 'and they sprang', 'mayim' means 'water'.
[ISA.48.22] There is no peace, says Yahveh to the wicked. [§]
Ein shalom amar Yahveh lareshaiim.
'Ein' means 'there is not', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'lareshaiim' means 'to the wicked'.
ISA.49
[ISA.49.1] Listen, people, to me and pay attention, nations far away: Yahveh from the womb called me, from beyond my mother, remember my name. [§]
Shimu iyim elai vehaqshivu le'umim merachok Yahveh mibeten krani mimmei imi hizkir shemi.
'Shimu' means 'listen' (imperative plural), 'iyim' means 'people', 'elai' means 'to me', 'vehaqshivu' means 'and pay attention' or 'and listen', 'le'umim' means 'to nations', 'merachok' means 'from afar', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'mibeten' means 'from the womb', 'krani' means 'called me', 'mimmei' means 'from beyond', 'imi' means 'my mother', 'hizkir' means 'remember' (imperative), 'shemi' means 'my name'.
[ISA.49.2] And he set my mouth like a sharp sword; in the shadow of his hand He concealed me; and He placed me in a harsh, clear place; in his ash heap He hid me. [§]
vayyasem pi kecherav chadda betzel yado hechbi'ani vaysimeni lechet barur beashpato hishtirani.
'vayyasem' means 'and he set/placed', 'pi' means 'my mouth', 'kecherav' means 'like a sword', 'chadda' means 'sharp', 'betzel' means 'in the shade/shadow', 'yado' means 'of his hand', 'hechbi'ani' means 'he concealed me', 'vaysimeni' means 'and he placed me', 'lechet' means 'to a harsh/bitter place', 'barur' means 'clear or refined', 'beashpato' means 'in his ash heap', 'hishtirani' means 'he hid me'.
[ISA.49.3] And he said to me, 'You are my servant, O Israel; as long as you are within me, I will be glorified.' [§]
Vayomer li avdi-atah Yisrael asher becha etpah.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'li' means 'to me', 'avdi-atah' is a construct meaning 'you are my servant' (avdi = my servant, atah = you), 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'asher' means 'who' or 'as long as', 'becha' means 'in you' or 'within you', and 'etpah' is a verb meaning 'I will be glorified' (first‑person singular future of פאר).
[ISA.49.4] And I said, I have labored in emptiness, in void and vanity, my strength is spent; indeed, my judgment is Yahveh and my work is my God. [§]
Va'ani amar-ti le-rik yagati le-tohu vehevel kochi killeti achen mishpati et Yahveh ufe'ulati et Elohi.
'Va'ani' means 'and I', 'amar-ti' means 'said', 'le-rik' means 'to emptiness', 'yagati' means 'I have become weary' or 'I have labored', 'le-tohu' means 'to void' or 'to chaos', 'vehevel' means 'and vanity' or 'and futility', 'kochi' means 'my strength', 'killeti' means 'I have spent' or 'I have exhausted', 'achen' means 'indeed' or 'certainly', 'mishpati' means 'my judgment', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ufe'ulati' means 'my work' or 'my effort', and 'Elohi' means 'my God' (the singular form of Elohim).
[ISA.49.5] Now says Yahveh, my Creator from the womb to his servant, to restore Jacob to him, and Israel will not be gathered, and I will be honored in the eyes of Yahveh, and my God was my strength. [§]
Ve'atta amar Yahveh yotzri mibeten le'evad lo le'shovev Yaakov elav veyisrael lo ye'asef ve'ekaved be'einei Yahveh veElohai haya uzi.
'Ve'atta' means 'now', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of the divine name YHVH, 'yotzri' means 'my creator', 'mibeten' means 'from the womb', 'le'evad' means 'to a servant', 'lo' means 'his', 'le'shovev' means 'to bring back' or 'to restore', 'Yaakov' is 'Jacob', 'elav' means 'to him', 'veyisrael' means 'and Israel', 'lo' means 'not', 'ye'asef' means 'will be gathered', 've'ekaved' means 'and I will be honored', 'be'einei' means 'in the eyes of', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'veElohai' means 'and my God' (Elohai = my God), 'haya' means 'was', 'uzi' means 'my strength'. The translation follows the rule that YHVH is rendered as 'Yahveh' and Elohai as 'my God'.
[ISA.49.6] And he said, I will make you my servant to establish the tribes of Jacob and the offspring of Israel, to restore them, and I will set you as a light to the nations, that you may be my salvation until the end of the earth. [§]
Vayomer nakel mihyotekha li eved lehakim et-shivtei Yaakov unetzirei Yisrael lehashiv unetaticha leor goyim liheyot yeshua-ti ad-ktzeh haaretz.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'nakel' is the verb meaning 'I will make you' (from the root meaning to set or appoint), 'mihyotekha' means 'from being you' or 'your existence', 'li' means 'to me' or 'my', 'eved' means 'servant', 'lehakim' means 'to establish', 'et-shivtei' means 'the tribes of', 'Yaakov' is the name Jacob, 'unetzirei' means 'and the offspring of', 'Yisrael' is Israel, 'lehashiv' means 'to restore' or 'to bring back', 'unetaticha' means 'and I will give you' or 'I will set you', 'leor' means 'as a light', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'liheyot' means 'to be', 'yeshua-ti' means 'my salvation', 'ad-ktzeh' means 'until the end', 'haaretz' means 'the earth'.
[ISA.49.7] Thus says Yahveh, the Redeemer of Israel, his holy one, who despises a soul, who abhors a nation, to a servant who rules over kings; princes will see and will rise, and will bow down, for Yahveh, who is faithful, holy of Israel, and has chosen you. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh Goel Yisrael kedoso livzo nefesh limtaev goy leevad moshelim melachim yiru vaqamu sarim veyishtachavu lemaan Yahveh asher ne'eman kedosh Yisrael vayivcharach.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'Goel' means 'Redeemer', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'kedoso' means 'his holy one', 'livzo' means 'to despise', 'nefesh' means 'a soul', 'limtaev' means 'to abhor', 'goy' means 'a nation', 'leevad' means 'to a servant', 'moshelim' means 'who rules', 'melachim' means 'kings', 'yiru' means 'they will see', 'vaqamu' means 'and will rise', 'sarim' means 'princes', 'veyeshtachavu' means 'and will bow down', 'lema'an' means 'for the sake of', 'asher' means 'who', 'ne'eman' means 'is faithful', 'kedosh' means 'holy', 'Yisrael' means 'of Israel', 'vayivcharach' means 'and has chosen you'.
[ISA.49.8] Thus says Yahveh: At a time of favor I answered you, and on a day of salvation I helped you, and I will guard you, and I will give you as a covenant to the people, to establish the earth, to inherit desolate streams. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh be'et ratzon anitaicha uve'yom yeshua azarticha ve'etzarchah ve'ettencha livrit am lehakim eretz lehanchil nehalot shomemot.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'be'et' means 'at the time', 'ratzon' means 'of favor' or 'of will', 'anitaicha' means 'I answered you', 'uve'yom' means 'and on the day', 'yeshua' means 'salvation', 'azarticha' means 'I helped you', 've'etzarchah' means 'and I will guard you', 've'ettencha' means 'and I will give you', 'livrit' means 'as a covenant', 'am' means 'people', 'lehakim' means 'to establish', 'eretz' means 'land' or 'earth', 'lehanchil' means 'to inherit', 'nehalot' means 'streams' or 'rivers', 'shomemot' means 'desolate' or 'wasted'.
[ISA.49.9] Say to the prisoners, go out to those who are in darkness; they have been released, they will graze on the roads, and in all streams their pasture. [§]
le'emor la'asurim tzeu la'asher ba'choshech higalu al-drachim yiru u'vechol-shepayim mar'itam.
'le'emor' means 'to say', 'la'asurim' means 'to the prisoners', 'tzeu' means 'go out', 'la'asher' means 'to those', 'ba'choshech' means 'in darkness', 'higalu' means 'they have been released', 'al-drachim' means 'on the roads', 'yiru' means 'they will graze', 'u'vechol-shepayim' means 'and in all streams', 'mar'itam' means 'their pasture'.
[ISA.49.10] They will not be hungry, nor will they thirst, nor will the heat nor the sun strike them, because compassion will guide them, and over the springs of water He will lead them. [§]
Lo yir'evu velo yitzma'u velo-yakhem sharav vashemesh ki merachem yenahghem ve'al mabbu'ei mayim yenahlem.
'Lo' means 'not', 'yir'evu' means 'they will be hungry', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yitzma'u' means 'they will thirst', 'velo-yakhem' means 'they will not be struck', 'sharav' means 'heat', 'vashemesh' means 'and sun', 'ki' means 'because', 'merachem' means 'compassion', 'yenahghem' means 'will guide them', 've'al' means 'and over', 'mabbu'ei' means 'the springs of', 'mayim' means 'water', 'yenahlem' means 'will lead them'.
[ISA.49.11] And I will set all the hills for the road, and my paths will be raised. [§]
ve-samti kol-haray la-derekh u-mesillotai yerumun.
've' means 'and', 'samti' means 'I will set', 'kol' means 'all', 'haray' means 'the hills', 'la-derekh' means 'for the road', 'u' means 'and', 'mesillotai' means 'my paths', 'yerumun' means 'will be raised'.
[ISA.49.12] Behold these will come from the east, and behold these from the north and from the sea, and these from the land of Sinai. [§]
Hineh eleh merachok yavu'u ve hineh eleh mitzafon u-miyam ve eleh me eretz Sinai.
'Hineh' means 'behold', 'eleh' means 'these', 'merachok' means 'from the east', 'yavu'u' means 'they will come', 've' means 'and', 'mitzafon' means 'from the north', 'u-miyam' means 'and from the sea', 'me eretz' means 'from the land', 'Sinai' is the name of the region Sinai.
[ISA.49.13] Rejoice, heavens, and be glad, earth; let the mountains burst into a shout, for Yahveh has taken compassion on his people and will have mercy on the poor. [§]
Rannu shamayim ve-gilli arets yifatzchu harim rinah ki nacham Yahveh amo ve-aniyav yerachem.
'Rannu' means 'rejoice', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 've-gilli' means 'and be glad, O earth', 'arets' means 'earth', 'yifatzchu' means 'let burst forth', 'harim' means 'the mountains', 'rinah' means 'with a shout', 'ki' means 'for', 'nacham' means 'has taken compassion', 'Yahveh' is the transliterated name of God, 'amo' means 'his people', 've-aniyav' means 'and the poor', 'yerachem' means 'he will have mercy'.
[ISA.49.14] And Zion said, 'Yahveh has forsaken me and my Lord has forgotten me.' [§]
Vato'amer Tziyon azavni Yahveh vaAdonai shekhehani.
'Vato'amer' means 'and she said', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion', 'azavni' means 'has forsaken me', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'vaAdonai' means 'and my Lord', 'shekhehani' means 'has forgotten me'.
[ISA.49.15] Will you forget a woman for her guilt, for the compassion of the son of her womb? Also these you will forget, but I will not forget you. [§]
ha-tishkakh isha ulah merachem ben-bitnah gam-elle tishkachenah ve-anokhi lo eshcachekh.
'ha-tishkakh' means 'will you forget', 'isha' means 'woman', 'ulah' means 'her guilt/iniquity', 'merachem' means 'for compassion/mercy', 'ben-bitnah' means 'the son of her womb', 'gam' means 'also', 'elle' means 'these', 'tishkachenah' means 'you will forget them', 've-anokhi' means 'and I', 'lo' means 'not', 'eshcachekh' means 'I will forget you'.
[ISA.49.16] Behold, upon the palms you have set, your walls stand before me forever. [§]
Hen al-kappayim chakkoteikh chomotayikh negdi tamid.
'Hen' means 'Behold', 'al-kappayim' means 'upon the palms', 'chakkoteikh' means 'you have set' (second‑person feminine singular), 'chomotayikh' means 'your walls', 'negdi' means 'before me' or 'opposite me', 'tamid' means 'always' or 'forever'.
[ISA.49.17] Hurry, your sons; the one who destroys and the one who plunders will go out from you. [§]
Miharu Banayich Meharesayich uMacharivayich Mimekh Yetzeu.
'Miharu' means 'hurry' or 'be quick', 'Banayich' means 'your sons', 'Meharesayich' means 'the one who will destroy you', 'uMacharivayich' means 'and the one who will plunder you', 'Mimekh' means 'from you', 'Yetzeu' means 'will go out' or 'will depart'.
[ISA.49.18] Lift up your eyes all around and see, all of them were gathered and came to you. I am alive, says Yahveh, because all of them are like a sacrificial offering; you will be clothed and bound as a blanket. [§]
Se'i saviv einayich ure'i kulam nikbetsu ba'u-lach chai-ani ne'um Yahveh ki kulam ka'adi tilbashi utekashrim kakalah.
'Se'i' means 'lift up', 'saviv' means 'around', 'einayich' means 'your eyes', 'ure'i' means 'and see', 'kulam' means 'all of them', 'nikbetsu' means 'were gathered', 'ba'u-lach' means 'came to you', 'chai-ani' means 'I am alive', 'ne'um Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh', 'ki' means 'because', another 'kulam' means 'all of them', 'ka'adi' means 'like a sacrificial offering', 'tilbashi' means 'you will be clothed', 'utekashrim' means 'and you will be bound', 'kakalah' means 'as a blanket'.
[ISA.49.19] For your swords and your devastations and the land of your ruin, for now you are seized by the resident and they are far from your destroyers. [§]
Ki charbotayich ve-shommotayich ve-eretz harisuteich ki atah tetzri miyoshev ve-rahaku meballeayich.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'charbotayich' means 'your swords', 've-shommotayich' means 'and your devastations' (or 'your desolations'), 've-eretz' means 'and the land', 'harisuteich' means 'of your ruin', the second 'ki' again means 'for', 'atah' means 'you', 'tezri' means 'are seized' or 'are cut off', 'miyoshev' means 'by the inhabitant' or 'by the resident', 've-rahaku' means 'and they are far', 'meballeayich' means 'from your devouring ones' or 'from your destroyers'.
[ISA.49.20] Again they will say in your ears, children of your youth, the place is narrow for me, draw near to me and I will sit. [§]
od yomru beaznayich bnei shikulayich tsar li hamakom gesha li veesheva.
'od' means 'again' or 'still', 'yomru' means 'they will say', 'beaznayich' means 'in your ears', 'bnei' means 'sons' or 'children of', 'shikulayich' means 'your youth' or 'your former days', 'tsar' means 'narrow' or 'tight', 'li' means 'to me', 'hamakom' means 'the place', 'gesha' means 'draw near' or 'come toward', 'li' again means 'to me', 'veesheva' means 'and I will sit' or 'and I will dwell'.
[ISA.49.21] And you shall say in your heart, Who gave birth to these for me? And I am shekula and galmuda and gola and sura, and these who grew? Behold, I am left alone; these, where are they? [§]
ve'amart b'levavech mi yalad-li et-eleh va'ani shekula ve'galmuda gola ve'sura ve'eleh mi gidel hen ani nisharti levadi eleh eifo hem.
've'amart' means 'and you shall say', 'b'levavech' means 'in your heart', 'mi' means 'who', 'yalad-li' means 'gave birth to me', 'et-eleh' means 'these (objects)', 'va'ani' means 'and I', 'shekula' is an obscure word possibly describing a condition of the speaker, 've'galmuda' means 'and galmuda' (another obscure term), 'gola' means 'rolling' or could be a name, 've'sura' means 'and sura' (another obscure term), 've'eleh' means 'and these', 'mi' means 'who', 'gidel' means 'grew' or 'raised', 'hen' means 'behold', 'ani' means 'I', 'nisharti' means 'am left' or 'remain', 'levadi' means 'alone', 'eleh' means 'these', 'eifo' means 'where', 'hem' means 'they'.
[ISA.49.22] Thus said my Lord Yahveh, Behold, I will lift my hand to the nations and to peoples, I will raise my banner, and they will bring your sons in the palm and your daughters upon the shoulder shall be carried. [§]
Ko amar my Lord Yahveh hineh esa el goyim yadi ve el amim arim nissi veheviu banayich bechotzen uvenotayich al katef tinnasena.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'my Lord' translates Adonai, 'Yahveh' translates YHWH, 'hineh' means 'Behold', 'esa' means 'I will lift', 'el' means 'to', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'yadi' means 'my hand', 've' means 'and', 'el' again 'to', 'amim' means 'peoples', 'arim' means 'I will raise', 'nissi' means 'my banner', 'veheviu' means 'and they will bring', 'banayich' means 'your sons', 'bechotzen' means 'in the palm', 'uvenotayich' means 'and your daughters', 'al' means 'upon', 'katef' means 'shoulder', 'tinnasena' means 'they will be carried'.
[ISA.49.23] And they will be kings over you and their princes your dust of the land will bow to you, and the dust of your feet will lick, and you will know that I Yahveh, who will not be dried, am your strength. [§]
vehayu melachim omnayich ve sharoteihem meynikotayich afayim eretz yishtachvu lakh vaafar raglayich yelachehu veyadata ki ani Yahveh asher lo yevshu koy.
'vehayu' means 'and they will be', 'melachim' means 'kings', 'omnayich' means 'over you' (from a root meaning 'strength' or 'might'), 've' is the conjunction 'and', 'sharoteihem' means 'their princes', 'meynikotayich' means 'your ...' (a poetic term likely referring to 'substance' or 'offspring'), 'afayim' means 'dust', 'eretz' means 'land', 'yishtachvu' means 'they will bow down', 'lakh' means 'to you' (feminine), 'vaafar' means 'and the dust', 'raglayich' means 'of your feet', 'yelachehu' means 'will lick', 'veyadata' means 'and you will know', 'ki' means 'that', 'ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'asher' means 'who', 'lo' means 'not', 'yevsu' means 'will be dried', 'koy' is a poetic term meaning 'my strength' or 'my substance'.
[ISA.49.24] Will a captive be taken from the mighty, and if a captive the righteous will be saved? [§]
Hayukakh migibor malqoch ve'im-shevi tzaddik yimmalet.
'Hayukakh' means 'Will he be taken', 'migibor' means 'from the mighty', 'malqoch' means 'a captive', 've'im-shevi' means 'and if (the) captive', 'tzaddik' means 'the righteous', 'yimmalet' means 'will be saved'.
[ISA.49.25] Because thus says Yahveh, even the strong one will be taken, and the stubborn harvester will escape, and I will contend with your adversary, and I will save your children. [§]
ki ko amar Yahveh gam shevi gibor yukkaḥ u-malqoch aritz yimallet ve-et yerivekh anokhi ariv ve-et banayikh anokhi oshia.
'ki' means 'because', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'shevi' means 'any' or 'even', 'gibor' means 'strong one' or 'hero', 'yukkaḥ' means 'will be taken', 'u-' is the conjunction 'and', 'malqoch' means 'harvester' (one who plucks), 'aritz' means 'stubborn' or 'unyielding', 'yimallet' means 'will escape', 've-et' means 'and', 'yerivekh' means 'your adversary', 'anokhi' means 'I', 'ariv' means 'will contend', 'banayikh' means 'your children', 'oshia' means 'will save'.
[ISA.49.26] And I will feed your flock its flesh, and as a scandal their blood they will cast, and all flesh will know that I am Yahveh, your savior and redeemer, the mighty one of Jacob. [§]
vehaachalti et-monaikh et-besaram vekaasiss damam yishkarun ve-yadeu kol-basar ki anochi Yahveh moshiekh ve-goalekh avir Yaakov.
'vehaachalti' means 'and I will feed', 'et-monaikh' means 'your flock', 'et-besaram' means 'its flesh', 'vekaasiss' (variant of 'kaasiss') means 'as a scandal' or 'as a curse', 'damam' means 'their blood', 'yishkarun' means 'they will cast or sacrifice', 've-yadeu' means 'and they will know', 'kol-basar' means 'all flesh', 'ki' means 'that', 'anochi' means 'I am', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'moshiekh' means 'your savior', 've-goalekh' means 'and your redeemer', 'avir' means 'mighty one' or 'hero', 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob'.
ISA.50
[ISA.50.1] Thus says Yahveh: Where is the covenant book of your mother that I sent? Or who among my people have I sold you to? Behold, because of your sins you were sold, and because of your iniquities your mother was sent. [§]
Ko amar Yahveh ei ze sefer keritut imchem asher shilachtihah o mi minoshai asher macharti etchem lo hen baavonoteichem nimkarmethem uvpish'eichem shullecha imchem.
'Ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ei' means 'where', 'ze' means 'this', 'sefer' means 'book', 'keritut' means 'covenant', 'imchem' means 'your mother', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'shilachtihah' means 'I sent it', 'o' means 'or', 'mi' means 'who', 'minoshai' means 'among my people', 'asher macharti etchem lo' means 'that I have sold you to him', 'hen' means 'behold', 'baavonoteichem' means 'in your sins', 'nimkarmethem' means 'you were sold', 'uvpish'eichem' means 'and in your iniquities', 'shullecha' means 'your mother was sent', 'imchem' again means 'your mother'.
[ISA.50.2] Why have I come and there is no man? I called, and there is no answer. The short hand is cut off from rescue, and if there is no strength in me to save, behold, in my drought I will turn the sea, I will set rivers in the desert, I will scorch their fish from lack of water, and they will die in the thirst. [§]
madua bati ve'eyn ish karati ve'eyn oneh haqatzoor katsrah yadi mip'dut ve'im-eyn-bi koach le'hatzil hen bega'arati achariv yam asim neharot midbar tivash degatam me'eyn mayim ve'tamot ba tzama.
'madua' means 'why', 'bati' means 'I have come', 've'eyn' means 'and there is not', 'ish' means 'a man', 'karati' means 'I called', 'oneh' means 'answering', 'haqatzoor' literally 'the short' or 'the narrow', 'katsrah' means 'cut off' or 'shortened', 'yadi' means 'my hand', 'mip'dut' means 'from rescue' (a form of the root p-d-t meaning 'redeem'), 've'im-eyn-bi' means 'if there is not in me', 'koach' means 'strength', 'le'hatzil' means 'to save', 'hen' means 'behold', 'bega'arati' means 'in my drought' (an idiom for 'in my distress', 'in my suffering'), 'achariv' means 'I will turn' or 'I will overturn', 'yam' means 'sea', 'asim' means 'I will set/put', 'neharot' means 'rivers', 'midbar' means 'desert', 'tivash' means 'will scorch', 'degatam' means 'their fish', 'me'eyn' means 'from lack of', 'mayim' means 'water', 've'tamot' means 'and they will die', 'ba tzama' means 'in the thirst' (idiom for 'in the drought'). No divine names appear, so the special translation rules are not applied here.
[ISA.50.3] I will clothe the heavens with glory and I will set their covering. [§]
Albish shamayim kadrut vesaq ashim kesutam.
'Albish' means 'I will clothe', 'shamayim' means 'the heavens', 'kadrut' means 'glory' (from a root indicating honor or splendor), 'vesaq' means 'and sack', 'ashim' means 'I will set', 'kesutam' means 'their covering'.
[ISA.50.4] My Lord Yahveh gave me a tongue of teachings to know the understanding of a swift word; he awakens in the morning, in the morning he awakens my ear to hear all teachings. [§]
Adonai Yahveh natan li leshon limudim lada'at la'ut et-yaef davar ya'ir baboker baboker ya'ir li ozen lishmoa kallimudim.
'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'natan' means 'gave', 'li' means 'to me', 'leshon' means 'tongue', 'limudim' means 'teachings' or 'lessons', 'lada'at' means 'to know', 'la'ut' means 'to understand', 'et-yaef' means 'a swift' or 'quick', 'davar' means 'word', 'ya'ir' means 'he awakens' or 'he raises', 'baboker' means 'in the morning', 'ozen' means 'ear', 'lishmoa' means 'to hear', and 'kallimudim' means 'all teachings'.
[ISA.50.5] my Lord Yahveh opened my ear and I have not spoken later I have not turned away. [§]
Adonai Yahveh patach li ozen ve-anokhi lo mariti achor lo nesugoti.
'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' means the divine name YHVH, 'patach' means 'opened', 'li' means 'to me', 'ozen' means 'ear', 've-anokhi' means 'and I', 'lo' means 'not', 'mariti' means 'I have spoken', 'achor' means 'later' or 'again', 'nesugoti' means 'I have turned away'.
[ISA.50.6] I gave my pride to the slayers and to my life to the mortifiers; I did not conceal my face from the bitter things and emptiness. [§]
Gevi natati lemakim ulchayi lemortim fani lo histarati mikilmot varok.
'Gevi' means 'my pride' (the Hebrew word for pride or glory). 'Natati' means 'I gave'. 'Lemakim' means 'to the slayers' (from the root *mak* meaning to strike or kill). 'Ulchayi' means 'and to my life' (the word *chayah* meaning life, with a first‑person possessive suffix). 'Lemortim' means 'to the mortifiers' (from *mort* meaning to crush or crush down). 'Fani' means 'my face' (possessive form of *panim*). 'Lo' means 'not'. 'Histarati' means 'I concealed' or 'I hid'. 'Mikilmot' means 'from the bitter things' (root *kil* meaning bitter). 'Varok' means 'and emptiness' or 'and nothingness' (the word *rok* meaning emptiness).
[ISA.50.7] And my Lord Yahveh will help me; therefore I am not humbled. Therefore I set my face like a child, and I know that I will not be ashamed. [§]
va'adonai Yahveh ya'azar li al ken lo nichlamti al ken samti panai ka'chalamish va'eda ki lo evosh
'va'adonai' means 'and my Lord', 'Yahveh' means the divine name YHVH, 'ya'azar' means 'will help', 'li' means 'me', 'al ken' means 'therefore', 'lo' means 'not', 'nichlamti' means 'I am humbled' (negated here), 'samti' means 'I set', 'panai' means 'my face', 'ka'chalamish' means 'like a child', 'va'eda' means 'and I know', 'ki lo' means 'that not', 'evosh' means 'I will be ashamed' (negated).
[ISA.50.8] Near is my vindicator; who will contend with me? Let us stand together; who is master of my judgment will approach me. [§]
Karov matzdiqi mi-yariv iti na'amda yachad mi-ba'al mishpati yigash elai.
'Karov' means 'near', 'matzdiqi' means 'my vindicator' or 'my just one', 'mi-yariv iti' means 'who will contend with me', 'na'amda yachad' means 'let us stand together', 'mi-ba'al mishpati' means 'who is master/owner of my judgment', 'yigash elai' means 'will approach me'.
[ISA.50.9] Behold, my Lord Yahveh will help me; who is he that will bring judgment against me? Behold, all of them are like a garment that withers, they will eat them. [§]
Hein Adonai Yahveh ya'azor li mi hu yarshe'eni Hein kulam kabbeged yivlu ash yokhlem.
'Hein' means 'Behold', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' means 'Yahveh', 'ya'azor' means 'will help', 'li' means 'to me', 'mi' means 'who', 'hu' means 'is he', 'yarshe'eni' means 'will bring judgment against me' (from the root rasha, to act wickedly), 'kulam' means 'all of them', 'kabbeged' means 'as a garment', 'yivlu' means 'will grow worn out/withering', 'ash' means 'they', and 'yokhlem' means 'will eat them'.
[ISA.50.10] Who among you fears Yahveh, he who hears his servant's voice, who walks in darkness and has no light, will trust in the name of Yahveh and will lean on his God. [§]
Mi bakhem yireh Yahveh shomea bekol avdo asher halakh chashekim ve'ein nogah lo yivtach beshem Yahveh veyishan beElohav.
'Mi' means 'who', 'bakhem' means 'among you', 'yireh' means 'fears', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'shomea' means 'hears', 'bekol' means 'in the voice', 'avdo' means 'his servant', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'halakh' means 'walks', 'chashekim' means 'in darkness', 've'ein' means 'and there is not', 'nogah' means 'light', 'lo' means 'to him', 'yivtach' means 'will trust', 'beshem' means 'in the name of', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'veyishan' means 'and will lean on', 'beElohav' means 'in his God'.
[ISA.50.11] Behold, all of you who kindle fire and spread sparks, come into the fire, and with sparks you will be burned from my hand; this was for you as a work, and you will lie down. [§]
Hen kulkhem kodchei esh mezrei zikot lechu beur eshkem uvezikot biartem miyadi hayta zot lachem lemaatzeba tishkavun.
'Hen' means 'behold', 'kulkhem' means 'all of you', 'kodchei' means 'those who kindle', 'esh' means 'fire', 'mezrei' means 'those who gather' or 'spread', 'zikot' means 'sparks', 'lechu' means 'come', 'beur' means 'into the fire', 'eshkem' means 'you shall be burned', 'uvezikot' means 'and with sparks', 'biartem' means 'you will burn', 'miyadi' means 'from my hand', 'hayta' means 'was', 'zot' means 'this', 'lachem' means 'for you', 'lemaatzeba' means 'as a work' (like a crafted object), 'tishkavun' means 'you will lie down'.
ISA.51
[ISA.51.1] Listen to me, you pursuers of righteousness, seekers of Yahveh, look to the rock; you are cut off, and look to the cistern pit where you are drawn. [§]
shimu elai rodfey tzedek mevakshei Yahveh habittu el tzur hutzavtem ve el makevet bor nukartem
'shimu' means 'listen', 'elai' means 'to me', 'rodfey' means 'pursuers of', 'tzedek' means 'righteousness', 'mevakshei' means 'seekers of', 'Yahveh' is the divine name, 'habittu' means 'look', 'el' means 'to', 'tzur' means 'rock', 'hutzavtem' means 'you are cut off', 've' means 'and', 'el' means 'to', 'makevet' means 'pit', 'bor' means 'cistern', 'nukartem' means 'you are drawn'.
[ISA.51.2] Look to Abraham your father and to Sarah your mother, for I called one and I will bless him and multiply him. [§]
Habbitu el-Avraham avikhem ve-el-Sarah teholelkhem ki ehad qaratiyhu va'varchehu ve'arbehu.
'Habbitu' means 'look' (imperative plural), 'el-Avraham' means 'to Abraham', 'avikhem' means 'your father', 've-el-Sarah' means 'and to Sarah', 'teholelkhem' means 'you shall be humbled/awakened', 'ki' means 'because', 'ehad' means 'one', 'qaratiyhu' means 'I called him', 'va'varchehu' means 'and I will bless him', 've'arbehu' means 'and I will multiply him'.
[ISA.51.3] For Yahveh has compassion Zion has compassion all her swords and he placed its desert like Eden and its mixture like the garden of Yahveh joy and gladness will be found in it thanks and voice of song. [§]
ki necham Yahveh Tziyon necham kol chervoteha vayasem midbarah ke eden ve arvatah ke gan Yahveh sason ve simcha yimatse ba toda ve qol zimrah.
'ki' means 'for', 'necham' means 'repents' or 'has compassion', 'Yahveh' is the name of God, 'Tziyon' means 'Zion', 'kol' means 'all', 'chervoteha' means 'her swords', 'vayasem' means 'and he placed', 'midbarah' means 'its desert', 'ke' means 'like', 'eden' means 'Eden', 've' means 'and', 'arvatah' means 'its mixture', 'gan' means 'garden', 'sason' means 'joy', 'simcha' means 'gladness', 'yimatse' means 'will be found', 'ba' means 'in it', 'toda' means 'thanks', 'qol' means 'voice', 'zimrah' means 'song'.
[ISA.51.4] Listen to me, my people, and to my nation; listen to me, because the teaching from me will go out, and my judgment for the light of the nations I will bring. [§]
Hakshivu elai ami u'leumi elai ha'azinu ki tora mei'iti teitze u'mishpati le'or amim argia.
'Hakshivu' means 'listen', 'elai' means 'to me', 'ami' means 'my people', 'u'leumi' means 'and to my nation', 'ha'azinu' means 'listen', 'ki' means 'because', 'tora' means 'teaching' or 'law', 'mei'iti' means 'from me', 'teitze' means 'will go out', 'u'mishpati' means 'and my judgment', 'le'or' means 'for the light', 'amim' means 'of the nations', 'argia' means 'I will bring' or 'I will cause'.
[ISA.51.5] My righteousness is near, my salvation has gone forth, and my arm the nations will judge; men will look toward me, and they will hope in my arm. [§]
karov tsidki yatza yishe'i uzroai amim yishpotu elai iyim veel-uzroai yeyahelun
'karov' means 'near' or 'close'; 'tsidki' means 'my righteousness'; 'yatza' means 'has gone out' or 'has come forth'; 'yishe'i' means 'my salvation'; 'uzroai' means 'and my arm' (the prefix 'u' = 'and', 'zroa' = 'arm', suffix 'i' = 'my'); 'amim' means 'nations' or 'peoples'; 'yishpotu' means 'they will judge'; 'elai' means 'against me' or 'to me' depending on context, here taken as 'toward me'; 'iyim' is taken as a form of 'people' or 'men'; 'veel-uzroai' means 'and to my arm'; 'yeyahelun' means 'they will hope' or 'they will look for help'.
[ISA.51.6] Lift up your eyes to the heavens and look down to the earth from below, for the heavens are like smoke that has been scattered and the earth is like a garment that will be burned, and its inhabitants will die as such; my salvation will be forever, and my righteousness will not cease. [§]
Se'u la-shamayim einekhem ve-habitū el-ha-aretz mitachat ki-shamayim ke-ashan nimlachu ve-ha-aretz ka-beged tivleh ve-yoshevah ke-mo-ken yamutun vi-shuati le-olam tihye ve-tsidkati lo techat.
'Se'u' means 'lift up', 'la-shamayim' means 'to the heavens', 'einekhem' means 'your eyes', 've-habitū' means 'and look', 'el-ha-aretz' means 'to the earth', 'mitachat' means 'from below', 'ki' means 'for', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 'ke-ashan' means 'like smoke', 'nimlachu' means 'have been scattered', 've-ha-aretz' means 'and the earth', 'ka-beged' means 'like a garment', 'tivleh' means 'will be burned', 've-yoshevah' means 'and its inhabitants', 'ke-mo-ken' means 'as thus', 'yamuton' means 'will die', 'vi-shuati' means 'my salvation', 'le-olam' means 'forever', 'tihye' means 'will be', 've-tsidkati' means 'and my righteousness', 'lo' means 'not', 'techat' means 'will cease'.
[ISA.51.7] Hear me, you who know righteousness, my people, my teaching in your hearts; do not fear the mockery of man or their scorn, and do not be ashamed. [§]
Shimu elai yod'ei tzedek am torati be'libam al-tir'u cherpat enosh u-migudupotam al-techatu.
'Shimu' means 'listen' or 'hear', 'elai' means 'to me', 'yod'ei' means 'those who know', 'tzedek' means 'righteousness', 'am' means 'people', 'torati' means 'my teaching' (literally 'my law'), 'be'libam' means 'in their hearts', 'al-tir'u' means 'do not fear', 'cherpat' means 'mockery' or 'derision', 'enosh' means 'human' or 'man', 'u-migudupotam' means 'and their scorn' (literally 'their shameful reproach'), 'al-techatu' means 'do not be ashamed'.
[ISA.51.8] Because a garment will devour them, ash, and like purple they will devour them, a horse; and my righteousness will be forever, and my salvation to generation after generation. [§]
ki kavveged yokhlehem ash ve katsemer yokhlehem sas vetzidkati leolam tihye vishuati ledor dorim.
'ki' means 'because'; 'kavveged' means 'garment'; 'yokhlehem' means 'they will eat them'; 'ash' means 'ash'; 've' means 'and'; 'katsemer' means 'purple (dye)'; the second 'yokhlehem' repeats 'they will eat them'; 'sas' means 'horse'; 'vetzidkati' means 'and my righteousness'; 'leolam' means 'forever'; 'tihye' means 'will be'; 'vishuati' means 'and my salvation'; 'ledor' means 'to a generation'; 'dorim' means 'generations'.
[ISA.51.9] Awake, awake, clothe yourself with strength, arm of Yahveh, awake like the days of ancient generations of ages, is it not you, she, the cutter, swift, devouring sea monster. [§]
Uri uri livshi-oz zeroa Yahveh uri kimey kedem dorot olamim halo att-hiya hamachzevet rahav mecholelet tannin.
"Uri" means "Awake!" (imperative feminine singular), the second "Uri" repeats the command. "livshi-oz" means "clothe yourself with strength" (imperative), "zeroa" means "arm" or "strength". "Yahveh" is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH. The third "Uri" repeats the command again. "kimey" means "like the days of" (comparison). "kedem" means "ancient" or "former". "dorot" means "generations". "olamim" means "ages" or "forevers". "halo" means "is it not?" or "surely not?". "att-hiya" means "you, she" (feminine 2nd person pronoun with emphasis). "hamachzevet" means "the cutter" or "the one who cuts". "rahav" means "swift" or "speedy". "mecholelet" means "devouring" or "devastating". "tannin" means "sea monster" or "reptile".
[ISA.51.10] Is not she the one who swims the sea, the great deep waters, the sky, the depths of the sea, a way to cross the redeemed. [§]
Halo at hi ha-macharevet yam mei tehom rabbah ha-sama ma'amakei-yam derekh la'avor ge'ulim.
'Halo' means 'Is not', 'at' means 'you', 'hi' means 'she', 'ha-macharevet' means 'the one who swims' (feminine), 'yam' means 'sea', 'mei' means 'waters of', 'tehom' means 'the deep', 'rabbah' means 'great', 'ha-sama' means 'the sky', 'ma'amakei' means 'the depths of', 'derekh' means 'way', 'la'avor' means 'to cross', 'ge'ulim' means 'the redeemed' (plural).
[ISA.51.11] The redeemers of Yahveh will return and they will come to Zion with shouting, and everlasting joy upon their heads; exultation and gladness they will obtain, sorrow will flee and we will sigh. [§]
ufduyei Yahveh yeshvuun uvaoo tziyon be-rinah ve-simchat olam al-rosham sasoon ve-simcha yashigun nasu yagoon va-anacha.
'U' means 'and', 'fduyei' (from 'padu' with suffix) means 'redeemers', 'Yahveh' is the divine name YHVH rendered as Yahveh, 'yeshvuun' means 'they will return', 'uvaoo' means 'they will come', 'tziyon' means 'Zion', 'be-rinah' means 'with shouting/joyful cry', 've-simchat' means 'and the joy', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 'al-rosham' means 'upon their heads', 'sasoon' means 'exultation/joy', 've-simcha' means 'and gladness', 'yashigun' means 'they will obtain', 'nasu' means 'they fled', 'yagoon' means 'sorrow', 'va-anacha' means 'and we sigh/complain'.
[ISA.51.12] I, I am he who comforts you; who are you that you are afraid a man will die and that a human will be given as grass. [§]
Anochi anochi hu menachemchemm mi-at ve-tiri me-enosh yamot u-miben-adam chatsir yinaten.
"Anochi" means "I" (first‑person singular), repeated for emphasis; "hu" means "he" or "it" referring to the speaker; "menachemchemm" is from the root n‑ch‑m meaning "to comfort" and here means "your comforter"; "mi" means "who"; "at" means "you" (feminine singular); "ve‑tiri" means "and you were afraid"; "me‑enosh" means "from a man"; "yamot" means "will die"; "u" is the conjunction "and"; "miben‑adam" means "from the son of man" or "from a human being"; "chatsir" means "grass" or "straw"; "yinaten" means "will be given".
[ISA.51.13] And you forget Yahveh, the Maker who stretches the heavens and establishes the earth, and you are always, all day, because of the anger of the oppressor, as one who plans to destroy, and where is the anger of the oppressor? [§]
Va-tishkakh Yahveh osekh note shamayim ve-yoseid aretz va-tefached tamid kol-hayom mipenei chamat ha-metzik ka'ashar konen le-hashchit ve-aye chamat ha-metzik.
'Va-tishkakh' means 'and you forget', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'osekh' (from 'osekha') means 'the Maker', 'note' means 'stretching', 'shamayim' means 'the heavens', 've-yoseid' means 'and establishing', 'aretz' means 'the earth', 'va-tefached' means 'and you are always weary', 'tamid' means 'always', 'kol-hayom' means 'all day', 'mipenei' means 'because of', 'chamat' means 'the anger', 'ha-metzik' means 'the oppressor', 'ka'ashar' means 'as', 'kofen' (from 'kone') means 'planning', 'le-hashchit' means 'to destroy', 've-aye' means 'and where', and the final 'chamat ha-metzik' repeats 'the anger of the oppressor'.
[ISA.51.14] He hurries to be opened, and he will not die from the plague, and his bread will not be lacking. [§]
Mi har tzo'eh lehipate'ach ve'lo yamut lashachat ve'lo yechsar lachmo.
'Mi' means 'from', 'har' means 'speed' or 'quickly', together 'mi har' conveys 'quickly'. 'tzo'eh' is a verb meaning 'he rushes' or 'he hurries'. 'lehipate'ach' is the infinitive construct of the verb 'patah', meaning 'to open' or 'to be released'. 've' is the conjunction 'and'. 'lo' means 'not'. 'yamot' is the verb 'to die' in future tense, third person singular, so 'will not die'. 'lashachat' is a prepositional phrase 'to the plague' or 'from pestilence'. 've' again 'and'. 'lo' again 'not'. 'yechsar' is the verb 'to lack' in future tense, third person singular, so 'will not lack'. 'lachmo' is a prepositional phrase 'his bread' (lamed + cholam + mem sofit), meaning 'his food' or 'his sustenance'.
[ISA.51.15] And I, Yahveh, your God, stir the sea and its waves are troubled; Yahveh of hosts is his name. [§]
ve anokhi Yahveh Elohecha roga ha-yam vayehemu galav Yahveh Tzevaot shmoyo.
've' means 'and', 'anokhi' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH, 'Elohecha' means 'your God' (El = God), 'roga' means 'stirs' or 'shakes', 'ha-yam' means 'the sea', 'vayehemu' means 'and they are troubled', 'galav' means 'its waves', 'Yahveh' again is YHVH, 'Tzevaot' means 'hosts', 'shmoyo' means 'his name'.
[ISA.51.16] And I will set my words in your mouth, and in the shadow of my hand I will cover you, to plant the heavens and to establish the earth, and to say to Zion, my people, you are. [§]
vaashim devarei befika uvetzel yadi kissitika lintoa shamayim velisod aretz vele'emor letzion ami-atah.
'vaashim' means 'and I will set', 'devarei' means 'my words', 'befika' means 'in your mouth', 'uvetzel' means 'and in the shadow', 'yadi' means 'of my hand', 'kissitika' means 'I will cover you', 'lintoa' means 'to plant', 'shamayim' means 'the heavens', 'velisod' means 'and to establish', 'aretz' means 'the earth', 'vele'emor' means 'and to say', 'letzion' means 'to Zion', 'ami' means 'my people', 'atah' means 'you are'.
[ISA.51.17] Awake, awake, rise, Jerusalem, who has drunk from the hand of Yahveh the cup of his wrath, the cup of the overflow, has been poured. [§]
Hit'oreriy Hit'oreriy Kumi Yerushalayim Asher shatit miyad Yahveh et-kos chamato et-kubbat kos hatarlelah shatit matsit.
'Hit'oreriy' means 'awake' (imperative feminine), repeated for emphasis. 'Kumi' means 'rise' (imperative feminine). 'Yerushalayim' is the name of Jerusalem. 'Asher' means 'who' or 'which'. 'Shatit' means 'has drunk' (perfect masculine singular). 'Miyad' means 'from the hand of'. 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH. 'Et-kos' is the direct object marker plus 'cup'. 'Chamato' means 'his anger' or 'wrath'. 'Et-kubbat' means 'the cup of'. 'Kos' means 'cup'. 'Hatarlelah' is a noun meaning 'overflow' or 'excess' (literal meaning of the root ת-ר-ע-ל). 'Shatit' again means 'has drunk'. 'Matsit' is a verb meaning 'has been poured out' or 'has been poured'.
[ISA.51.18] There is no overseer for her; she has given birth to all the children, and there is no one who holds her hand among all the children she has raised. [§]
Ein menahel lah mikol banim yalada ve'ein machazik beyadah mikol banim gidelah.
'Ein' means 'there is no', 'menahel' means 'manager' or 'overseer', 'lah' means 'for her', 'mikol' means 'from all' or 'of all', 'banim' means 'children', 'yalada' means 'she gave birth', 've'ein' means 'and there is no', 'machazik' means 'holder' or 'one who holds', 'beyadah' means 'in her hand', 'gidelah' means 'she raised' or 'she brought up'. The phrase 'mikol banim' is repeated, indicating 'all the children'.
[ISA.51.19] Two are here calling to you; who will wander to you the robbery, the breaking, the famine, and the sword? Who will comfort you. [§]
Shetayim henna kor'otayich mi yanod lach hashod vehashaver veharaav vehacherev mi anachamech.
'Shetayim' means 'two', 'henna' means 'here', 'kor'otayich' means 'calling to you (feminine)', 'mi' means 'who', 'yanod' means 'will wander/roam', 'lach' means 'to you (feminine)', 'hashod' means 'the robbery', 'vehashaver' means 'and the breaking', 'veharaav' means 'and the famine', 'vehacherev' means 'and the sword', 'mi' means 'who' (again), 'anachamech' means 'will comfort you (feminine)'.
[ISA.51.20] Your sons were turned, they have lain on the head of all the outskirts like a furnace that fills the wrath of Yahveh, the fury of your God. [§]
Banayich ulfu shakvu b'rosh kol-chutzot keto mikmar hamle'im chamat-Yahveh ga'arat Elohayich.
'Banayich' means 'your sons', 'ulfu' means 'were turned' or 'were cast', 'shakvu' means 'they lay down' or 'they have lain', 'b'rosh' means 'on the head of', 'kol-chutzot' means 'all the outskirts', 'keto' means 'like' or 'as', 'mikmar' means 'of a furnace', 'hamle'im' means 'the ones that fill' or 'the fill', 'chamat-Yahveh' means 'the wrath of Yahveh', 'ga'arat' means 'the fury' or 'anger', 'Elohayich' means 'your God'.
[ISA.51.21] Therefore, listen, please, to this affliction and the reward, and not wine. [§]
Lachen shimi-na zot aniyyah ushkura velo miyyan.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'shimi-na' means 'listen, please' (imperative of listen with a polite particle), 'zot' means 'this', 'aniyyah' means 'affliction' or 'complaint', 'ushkura' means 'and reward' or 'compensation', 'velo' means 'and not', 'miyyan' means 'wine'.
[ISA.51.22] So says my Lord Yahveh and your Gods will contend with his people. Behold, I have taken from your hand the cup of the whorls, the cup of my wrath. Do not add to drink it again. [§]
Koh amar adonayich Yahveh veElohayich yariv amo hineh lakhti miyadek et kos ha-tarrela et kubbat kos chamati lo tosefi lishtota od.
'Koh' means 'so', 'amar' means 'says', 'adonayich' means 'my Lord' (Adonai with your suffix), 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'veElohayich' means 'and your Gods' (Elohim with your suffix, rendered as the Gods), 'yariv' means 'will contend', 'amo' means 'his people', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'lakhti' means 'I have taken', 'miyadek' means 'from your hand', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'kos' means 'cup', 'ha-tarrela' means 'the whirl' (or 'the whorls'), 'et' again marks the object, 'kubbat' means 'cup', 'kos' again 'cup', 'chamati' means 'of my wrath/anger', 'lo' means 'not', 'tosefi' means 'you will add', 'lishtota' means 'to drink', 'od' means 'again'.
[ISA.51.23] And you placed it in the hand of Mogayich, which they said to your soul 'be still' and we will pass, and you set like the earth your back and outside to the passers. [§]
ve samtiyah be yad mogayich asher amru le nafsek shchi ve naavrah ve tasimi ka aretz gevach ve kachut la avrim
've' means 'and', 'samtiyah' means 'you placed her/it', 'be' means 'in', 'yad' means 'hand', 'mogayich' is a proper name (unchanged), 'asher' means 'that/which', 'amru' means 'they said', 'le' means 'to', 'nafsek' means 'your soul', 'shchi' is an idiom meaning 'be silent' or 'be still', 've' means 'and', 'naavrah' means 'we will pass', 've' means 'and', 'tasimi' means 'you set', 'ka' means 'like', 'aretz' means 'earth', 'gevach' means 'your back', 've' means 'and', 'kachut' means 'outside', 'la' means 'to the', 'avrim' means 'passers/those who pass'.
ISA.52
[ISA.52.1] Awake, awake, clothe yourself with your strength, O Zion; clothe yourself with the garments of your splendor, Jerusalem, the holy city, for no one will again enter you defiled and impure. [§]
Uri uri libshi uzeik tziyon libshi bigdei tifartekh Yerushalam ir haqodesh ki lo yosef yavo bach od arel ve tame.
'Uri' means 'awake' (imperative feminine), 'uri' repeated for emphasis. 'Libshi' means 'clothe yourself' (imperative feminine). 'Uzek' means 'your strength'. 'Tziyon' is the name 'Zion'. 'Bigdei' means 'with the garments of'. 'Tifartekh' means 'your splendor' (possessive). 'Yerushalam' means 'Jerusalem'. 'Ir haqodesh' means 'the holy city'. 'Ki' means 'for'. 'Lo' means 'no' or 'not'. 'Yosef' means 'will add' or 'will bring'. 'Yavo' means 'will come'. 'Bach' means 'into you' (feminine). 'Od' means 'again' or 'anymore'. 'Arel' means 'defiled' (naked, unclean). 'Ve tame' means 'and impure'.
[ISA.52.2] Arise from the dust, rise up, Jerusalem; be lifted up the burdens of your yoke; rejoice, daughter of Zion. [§]
Hitna'ari meafar kumi shevi Yerushalayim hitpatechi mosrei tzavarei'kh shevi'ah bat-Tziyon.
'Hitna'ari' is the feminine imperative of the verb meaning 'arise' or 'be strong', 'meafar' means 'from dust', 'kumi' is a feminine command meaning 'rise', 'shevi' means 'return' or 'rest', 'Yerushalayim' is the proper name Jerusalem, 'hitpatechi' is a reflexive verb meaning 'be lifted up', 'mosrei' means 'burdens of', 'tzavarei'kh' means 'your yoke', 'shevi'ah' is another form of 'return' or 'rejoice', and 'bat-Tziyon' means 'daughter of Zion'.
[ISA.52.3] For thus says Yahveh, 'You have been sold briefly, and you will not be redeemed with silver.' [§]
ki ko amar Yahveh hinam nimkarmet velo bekesef tigalu.
'ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hinam' means 'briefly' or 'for a short time', 'nimkarmet' means 'you have been sold', 'velo' means 'and not', 'bekesef' means 'with silver', 'tigalu' means 'you will be redeemed' (negative here).
[ISA.52.4] For thus says my Lord Yahveh, Egypt descended my people in the beginning to dwell there, and Assur without any guilt. [§]
Ki ko amar Adonai Yahveh, Mitsrayim yarad ammi barishonah lagur sham veAshur beefes ashako.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'Mitsrayim' means 'Egypt', 'yarad' means 'went down' or 'descended', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'barishonah' means 'in the beginning', 'lagur' means 'to dwell', 'sham' means 'there', 'veAshur' means 'and Assur', 'beefes' means 'without', 'ashako' means 'guilt' or 'iniquity'.
[ISA.52.5] And now what is to me here, says Yahveh, because my people are taken, the poor, their ruler will mock, says Yahveh, and always all the day my name is erased. [§]
veatah may-li-poh ne'um Yahveh ki-lummakh ammi chinam moshalo yeheilu ne'um Yahveh ve-tamid kol-hayom shemi minnoatz.
'veatah' means 'and now', 'may-li-poh' means 'what is to me here', 'ne'um Yahveh' means "says Yahveh", 'ki' means 'because', 'lummakh' (root l-q-ch) means 'is taken', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'chinam' means 'the poor', 'moshalo' means 'their ruler', 'yeheilu' means 'they will mock', the second 'ne'um Yahveh' again means "says Yahveh", 've-tamid' means 'and always', 'kol-hayom' means 'all the day', 'shemi' means 'my name', and 'minnoatz' means 'is cut off/erased'.
[ISA.52.6] Therefore my people will know my name; therefore on that day, because I am the one who speaks, behold me. [§]
Lachen yeda ammi shemi, lachen bayom hahu ki ani hu hamdaber hineni.
'Lachen' means 'therefore', 'yeda' means 'will know', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'shemI' means 'my name', 'bayom' means 'on the day', 'hahu' means 'that', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'ani' means 'I', 'hu' means 'he' or 'it' (here part of the phrase 'I am'), 'hamdaber' means 'the one who speaks' (the speaker), 'hineni' means 'here I am' or 'behold me'.
[ISA.52.7] How beautiful upon the mountains are the feet of the one who brings good news, proclaiming peace, bringing good news, proclaiming salvation, says to Zion, 'Your God reigns'. [§]
Ma na'uw al ha-harim raglei mevasser mashmia shalom mevasser tov mashmia yeshua omer le-Tziyon malach Elohayich.
'Ma' means 'how', 'na'uw' means 'beautiful', 'al' means 'upon', 'ha-harim' means 'the mountains', 'raglei' means 'the feet of', 'mevasser' means 'the one who brings good news', 'mashmia' means 'proclaiming', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'tov' means 'good', 'yeshua' means 'salvation', 'omer' means 'says', 'le-Tziyon' means 'to Zion', 'malach' means 'reigns', 'Elohayich' means 'your God' (the divine name Eloh meaning God with the second‑person singular possessive suffix).
[ISA.52.8] Voice of your watchers they lift a voice together we shall rejoice because eye to eye they will see when Yahveh returns Zion. [§]
Kol tsofayich nasau kol yachdav yerannen ki ayin be'ayin yir'u be'shuv Yahveh Tzion.
'Kol' means 'voice', 'tsofayich' means 'your watchers', 'nasau' means 'they will lift', 'kol' again means 'voice', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'yerannen' means 'we will rejoice', 'ki' means 'because', 'ayin' means 'eye', 'be'ayin' means 'eye to eye' or 'face to face', 'yir'u' means 'they will see', 'be'shuv' means 'when (He) returns', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, and 'Tzion' means 'Zion'.
[ISA.52.9] Break forth, rejoice together, O swords of Jerusalem, for Yahveh has relented; his people have redeemed Jerusalem. [§]
Pitzchu rannu yachdav charvot yerushalayim ki nicham Yahveh ammo ga'al yerushalayim.
'Pitzchu' means 'break forth' (imperative plural), 'rannu' means 'rejoice' (imperative plural), 'yachdav' means 'together', 'charvot' means 'swords', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'nicham' means 'has relented' (from the verb 'to relent'), 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ammo' means 'his people', 'ga'al' means 'has redeemed', and the final 'yerushalayim' repeats 'Jerusalem'.
[ISA.52.10] Yahveh unveiled his holy arm to the eyes of all the nations, and all the ends of the earth saw the salvation of our God. [§]
Chasaf Yahveh et-zer\u014da kadshehu le\'enei kol hagoyim ve\'rau kol afsei-aretz et yeshuat Eloheinu.
'Chasaf' means 'unveiled' or 'revealed'; 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH; 'et' is the Hebrew direct object marker and is not rendered in English; 'zer\u014da' means 'arm'; 'kadshehu' means 'his holy'; 'le\'enei' means 'to the eyes of'; 'kol' means 'all'; 'hagoyim' means 'the nations'; 've\'rau' means 'and they saw'; 'afsei-aretz' means 'the ends of the earth'; 'yeshuat' means 'salvation'; 'Eloheinu' means 'our God' (the word Elohim is rendered as 'the Gods' but in the possessive form it denotes a singular God belonging to us).
[ISA.52.11] Turn, turn! Go out from there, you impure ones; do not touch. Go out from within it; break the carriers of Yahveh's vessels. [§]
suru suru tze'u misham tame al-tigagu tze'u mittochah hibaru nos'ei k'lei Yahveh
'suru' means 'turn away' or 'depart', repeated for emphasis. 'tze'u' means 'go out'. 'misham' means 'from there'. 'tame' means 'impure' referring to the people addressed. 'al-tigagu' means 'do not touch' (imperative negative). The second 'tze'u' repeats the command 'go out'. 'mittochah' means 'from within it' (inside the place). 'hibaru' means 'they broke' (imperative, plural). 'nos'ei' means 'carriers' or 'bearers'. 'k'lei' means 'the vessels, instruments'. 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH.
[ISA.52.12] For you shall not go in haste, nor shall you walk in flight, for Yahveh walks before you and the God of Israel will gather you. [§]
Ki lo bechipazon tetecheu u vimnusah lo teleichun ki holech lifneichem Yahveh u masifikhem Elohei Yisrael.
'Ki' means 'for', 'lo' means 'not', 'bechipazon' means 'in haste', 'tetecheu' means 'you shall go out', 'u' means 'and', 'vimnusah' means 'in flight', 'lo' means 'not', 'teleichun' means 'you shall walk', 'ki' means 'because', 'holech' means 'one who walks/goes', 'lifneichem' means 'before you', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'u' means 'and', 'masifikhem' means 'will gather you', 'Elohei' means 'the God of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel'. The divine names are rendered literally as instructed: YHVH becomes Yahveh and Elohei Yisrael becomes the God of Israel.
[ISA.52.13] Behold, my servant will become wise; he will be lifted up, and will be greatly exalted. [§]
Hineh yashkil avdi yarum venissa vegaveh meod.
'Hineh' means 'Behold', 'yashkil' means 'will become wise' (from the root sh-k-l meaning to be prudent), 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'yarum' means 'will be lifted up', 'venissa' means 'and will be carried', 'vegaveh' means 'and will be high/exalted', 'meod' means 'greatly'.
[ISA.52.14] As many have opposed you, so also is a man's ruin revealed in his appearance and his deceit among mankind. [§]
ka'asher shammu alecha rabim ken-mishchat me'ish mar'ehhu ve'to'aro mivne adam.
'ka'asher' means 'as' or 'just as', 'shammu' is the verb 'they have been hostile/opposed', 'alecha' means 'against you', 'rabim' means 'many', 'ken' means 'so' or 'thus', 'mishchat' means 'ruin' or 'destruction', 'me'ish' means 'from a man', 'mar'ehhu' means 'his appearance/face', 've'to'aro' means 'and his deceit/trickery', 'mivne' means 'among' or 'from the offspring of', 'adam' means 'man' or 'mankind'. The phrase 'mishchat me'ish mar'ehhu ve'to'aro' is an idiom indicating that a man's downfall is shown in his outward look and his deceptive ways among other people.
[ISA.52.15] Thus he will strike many nations; upon him kings will leap with their mouths, because what has not been counted for them they have seen, and what they have not heard they have considered. [§]
Ken yazeh goyim rabbim alav yikfetsu melachim pihem ki asher lo-suppar lahem ra'u ve'asher lo-shamu hitbonanu.
'Ken' means 'thus' or 'so'; 'yazeh' (from the root *n-z-h*) means 'will strike' or 'will cut'; 'goyim' means 'nations'; 'rabbim' means 'many' or 'great'; 'alav' means 'upon him' or 'against him'; 'yikfetsu' (future imperfect of *kafatz*) means 'they will leap' or 'they will spring'; 'melachim' means 'kings'; 'pihem' means 'their mouths'; 'ki' means 'because' or 'for'; 'asher' means 'that' or 'which'; 'lo' means 'not'; 'suppar' (from *safar*) means 'counted' or 'numbered'; 'lahem' means 'to them'; 'ra'u' means 'they saw'; 've'asher' means 'and that which'; 'lo' again 'not'; 'shamu' (from *shama*) means 'they heard'; 'hitbonanu' (from *batin*) means 'they considered' or 'they reflected'.
ISA.53
[ISA.53.1] Who can believe our report, and the arm of Yahveh upon whom it has been revealed. [§]
Mi heemin lishmuateinu uzroa Yahveh al-mi niglatah.
'Mi' means 'who', 'heemin' means 'will believe' or 'has believed', 'lishmuateinu' means 'our hearing' or 'our report', 'uzroa' means 'and the arm', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'al' means 'upon' or 'against', 'mi' means 'whom', and 'niglatah' means 'has been revealed' or 'has been made known'.
[ISA.53.2] And he went up like a pigeon before him, and like a root from the earth of a bird; he had no form, no splendor; and we saw him, and there was no appearance, and we found him pleasing. [§]
Vayya'al kay-yonek lefanav ve'kashorash me'eretz tziyah lo-to'ar lo ve'lo hadar venire'ehuo ve'lo-mare'eh venachmed'hu.
'Vayya'al' means 'and he went up', 'kay-yonek' means 'like a pigeon', 'lefanav' means 'before him', 've'kashorash' means 'and like a root', 'me'eretz' means 'from the earth', 'tziyah' means 'of a bird', 'lo-to'ar' means 'no form', 'lo' means 'for him', 've'lo hadar' means 'and no splendor', 'venire'ehuo' means 'and we shall see him', 've'lo-mare'eh' means 'and no appearance', 'venachmed'hu' means 'and we shall find him pleasant'.
[ISA.53.3] We despise and disregard men, a man of sorrows and known sickness, and as one who hides his face from us we despise him and do not consider him. [§]
Nivzeh vachadal ishim ish mak'ot veyadua choli u'khamaster panim mimenu nivzeh velo chashavnu.
'Nivzeh' means 'we despise', 'vachadal' means 'and disregard', 'ishim' means 'men', 'ish' means 'a man', 'mak'ot' means 'pains' or 'sorrows', 'veyadua' means 'and known', 'choli' means 'sick', 'u'khamaster' means 'and as one who hides', 'panim' means 'face', 'mimenu' means 'from him', the second 'nivzeh' repeats 'we despise', 'velo' means 'and not', 'chashavnu' means 'we considered' (or 'we thought of') and the suffix '-hu' adds 'him'.
[ISA.53.4] Indeed our sickness he bore, and our pain he endured, and we thought him bruised, struck down by the Gods and afflicted. [§]
Achen choelayenu hu nasa u-mak'oveinu sevalam v'anachnu chashavenuhu nagua mukhe Elohim u-meuneh.
'Achen' means 'indeed', 'choelayenu' means 'our sickness', 'hu' means 'he', 'nasa' means 'bore', 'u-mak'oveinu' means 'and our pain', 'sevalam' means 'he endured', 'v'anachnu' means 'and we', 'chashavenuhu' means 'thought him', 'nagua' means 'bruised', 'mukhe' means 'struck down', 'Elohim' means 'the Gods', 'u-meuneh' means 'and afflicted'.
[ISA.53.5] And he is healed from our sin, pardoned from our iniquities, the discipline of our peace is upon him, and in his companionship we are healed. [§]
vehu mecholal mipsha'einu medukka me'avonoteinu musar shlomeinu alav u'bachavuro nirpa lanu.
'vehu' means 'and he', 'mecholal' means 'is healed', 'mipsha'einu' means 'from our sin', 'medukka' means 'pardoned', 'me'avonoteinu' means 'from our iniquities', 'musar' means 'discipline' or 'instruction', 'shlomeinu' means 'of our peace', 'alav' means 'upon him', 'u'bachavuro' means 'and in his companionship/association', 'nirpa' means 'is healed', 'lanu' means 'for us'.
[ISA.53.6] We all have gone astray like sheep; each one turned to his own way, and Yahveh struck him with the sin of all of us. [§]
Kulanu katsotzoh ta'inu, ish le-darko paninu, v'Yahveh hifgi'a bo et avon kulanu.
'Kulanu' means 'we all', 'katsotzoh' means 'like sheep', 'ta'inu' means 'we have gone astray', 'ish' means 'each one' or 'man', 'le-darko' means 'to his way', 'paninu' means 'we turned [our] faces', 'v'Yahveh' means 'and Yahveh', 'hifgi'a' means 'struck' or 'caused to fall', 'bo' means 'him', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'avon' means 'sin', and the second 'kulanu' repeats 'our collective'. The phrase conveys that Yahveh caused him to bear the sin of all of us.
[ISA.53.7] He approaches, and he answers, and does not open his mouth, like a lamb led to the slaughter, and like a reed before its cutter is silenced, and does not open his mouth. [§]
niggash vehu na'aneh velo yiftach-piyv kasseh lattebach yubal ukrahel lifnei gozeha ne'elamah velo yiftach piyv.
'niggash' means 'approaches', 'vehu' means 'and he', 'na'aneh' means 'answers' or 'replies', 'velo' means 'and does not', 'yiftach' means 'open', 'piyv' means 'his mouth', 'kasseh' means 'like a lamb', 'lattebach' means 'to the slaughter', 'yubal' means 'will be led', 'ukrahel' means 'and like a reed', 'lifnei' means 'before', 'gozeha' means 'its cutter', 'ne'elamah' means 'is silenced' or 'is muted', and the final 'velo yiftach piyv' repeats 'and does not open his mouth'.
[ISA.53.8] From prison and from judgment he was taken, and his generation—who will rejoice? Because he was cut off from the land of life; from the sin of my people a plague to them. [§]
Me'otzer u-mimishpat luqqach ve'et-doro mi yeshocheach ki nigzar me'eretz chayyim mipesha ami nega lammo.
'Me'otzer' means 'from prison', 'u-mimishpat' means 'and from judgment', 'luqqach' means 'was taken', 've'et-doro' means 'and his generation', 'mi' means 'who', 'yeshocheach' means 'will rejoice' or 'will laugh', 'ki' means 'because', 'nigzar' means 'was cut off' or 'was removed', 'me'eretz' means 'from the land', 'chayyim' means 'of life', 'mipesha' means 'from the sin', 'ami' means 'my people', 'nega' means 'plague' or 'pestilence', 'lammo' means 'to them'.
[ISA.53.9] And he gave the wicked his burial and the poor in his death, for he did not do violence, and he did not speak deceit. [§]
Vayitten et reshahim kibro ve et ashir be motav al lo chamas asah ve lo mirma be piv.
'Vayitten' means 'and he gave', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'reshahim' means 'the wicked', 'kibro' means 'his burial', 've' means 'and', 'ashir' means 'the poor', 'be' is a preposition meaning 'in' or 'by', 'motav' means 'his death', 'al' means 'because' or 'for', 'lo' means 'not', 'chamas' means 'violence' or 'bloodshed', 'asah' means 'he did', 'mirma' means 'deceit' or 'falsehood', 'piv' means 'mouth'.
[ISA.53.10] And Yahveh desires to crush him, to make him weak; if you place guilt on his soul, he will see offspring, his days will be lengthened, and Yahveh's desire in his hand will succeed. [§]
Veyehovah chafetz dakk'oh hecheli im tasim ashām nafsho yireh zera ya'arich yamim vechafetz yehovah beyado yitzlach.
'Veyehovah' means 'And Yahveh'; 'chafetz' means 'desires' or 'is pleased'; 'dakk'oh' means 'to crush him'; 'hecheli' means 'to make weak' or 'to cause illness'; 'im' means 'if'; 'tasim' means 'you place' or 'you set'; 'ashām' means 'guilt' or 'a charge of guilt'; 'nafsho' means 'his soul'; 'yireh' means 'he will see' or 'he will perceive'; 'zera' means 'seed' or 'offspring'; 'ya'arich' means 'will lengthen'; 'yamim' means 'days'; 'vechafetz' means 'and desire' (referring again to Yahveh's desire); 'yehovah' means 'Yahveh'; 'beyado' means 'in his hand' or 'by his hand'; 'yitzlach' means 'will succeed' or 'will be victorious'.
[ISA.53.11] From his labor his soul will see, he will be satisfied; by his knowledge he will justify the righteous, my servant to the many, and he will bear their iniquities. [§]
me'amal nafsho yireh yisba beda'ato yatzdik tzadik avdi larabbim va'avonotam hu yisbol.
'me'amal' means 'from labor', 'nafsho' means 'his soul', 'yireh' means 'will see', 'yisba' means 'will be satisfied', 'beda'ato' means 'in his knowledge', 'yatzdik' means 'will justify', 'tzadik' means 'the righteous', 'avdi' means 'my servant', 'larabbim' means 'to the many', 'va'avonotam' means 'and their iniquities', 'hu' means 'he', 'yisbol' means 'will bear'.
[ISA.53.12] Therefore I will divide to him among the many and share spoils with the mighty; for he who has caused his own soul to die, and the sinners will be removed, and he bears great sin, and he will strike the sinners. [§]
Lachen achalek-lo barabbim ve'et-atzumim yechalek shalal tachat asher he'ara lamavet nafsho ve'et-poshim nimna vehu chet-rabbim nasa velaposhim yafgia.
'Lachen' means 'Therefore', 'achalek' means 'I will divide', 'lo' means 'to him', 'barabbim' means 'among the many', 've'et' means 'and', 'atzumim' means 'the mighty', 'yechalek' means 'will share', 'shalal' means 'spoils', 'tachat' means 'under' or 'for', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'he'ara' means 'he caused', 'lamavet' means 'to death', 'nafsho' means 'his soul', 've'et' means 'and', 'poshim' means 'the sinners', 'nimna' means 'will be removed', 'vehu' means 'and he', 'chet' means 'sin', 'rabbim' means 'many', 'nasa' means 'bore' or 'carried', 've'la' means 'for the', 'poshim' again 'sinners', 'yafgia' means 'will strike'.
ISA.54
[ISA.54.1] Sing, barren, she has not given birth; break forth joy and exult, it does not cease, because many are the sons of shame from the children of waste, says Yahveh. [§]
Ranni aqarah lo yaldah pitzchi rinah vetzahali lo chalah ki rabbim b'nei shumemah mibnei be'ulah amar Yahveh.
'Ranni' means 'sing', an imperative; 'aqarah' means 'barren (woman)'; 'lo' means 'not'; 'yaldah' means 'gave birth'; 'pitzchi' means 'break forth'; 'rinah' means 'joy'; 'vetzahali' means 'and exult'; 'lo chalah' means 'does not cease'; 'ki' means 'because'; 'rabbim' means 'many'; 'b'nei shumemah' means 'sons of shame'; 'mibnei be'ulah' means 'from the children of waste'; 'amar' means 'said'; 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHWH.
[ISA.54.2] Broaden the place of your tent, and let the branches of your dwellings lean; do not hold back. Extend your measures, and strengthen your cords. [§]
Harchivi mekom aholekh ve'iriyot mishkenotayikh yattu al-tachshoki ha'arichi meitarayikh veitedotayikh chazeki.
'Harchivi' means 'broaden' (imperative feminine), 'mekom' means 'place', 'aholekh' means 'your tent', 've'iriyot' means 'and its branches', 'mishkenotayikh' means 'your dwellings', 'yattu' means 'they shall lean' or 'they will bend', 'al-tachshoki' means 'do not hold back', 'ha'arichi' means 'extend', 'meitarayikh' means 'your measures', 'veitedotayikh' means 'and your cords', 'chazeki' means 'be strong' or 'strengthen yourself'.
[ISA.54.3] Because your right and left will break forth, and your seed will inherit the nations, and cities the spirits will cause to dwell. [§]
Ki yamin u'smol tifrotz'i ve zar'ech go'im yirash ve arim neshammot yoshivu.
'Ki' means 'because', 'yamin' means 'right hand', 'u'smol' means 'and left', 'tifrotz'i' means 'you will break forth' (future feminine singular of 'break'), 've' means 'and', 'zar'ech' means 'your seed', 'go'im' means 'nations', 'yirash' means 'will inherit', 've' again means 'and', 'arim' means 'cities', 'neshammot' means 'breaths' or 'spirits', 'yoshivu' means 'will cause to dwell' (third person plural future).
[ISA.54.4] Do not be afraid, for you will not be ashamed, and do not be hidden, for you will not be despised, for the shame of your youth you will forget, and the contempt of your widowhood you will not remember again. [§]
Al-tiri ki lo tevoshi ve-al-tichlomi ki lo tachpiri ki boshet alumayich tishkachi ve-cherpat almenuetayich lo tizkri od.
"Al" means "do not", "tiri" means "be afraid", "ki" means "because" or "for", "lo" means "not", "tevoshi" means "you will be ashamed", "ve" means "and", "al" means "do not", "tichlomi" means "you will be hidden", "ki" means "because" or "for", "lo" means "not", "tachpiri" means "you will be despised", "ki" means "because" or "for", "boshet" means "shame", "alumayich" means "your youth", "tishkachi" means "you will forget", "ve" means "and", "cherpat" means "the contempt", "almenuetayich" means "of your widowhood", "lo" means "not", "tizkri" means "you will remember", "od" means "again".
[ISA.54.5] For Yahveh of hosts, who brings about you and does for you, His name, and your redeemer, the Holy One of Israel, the God of all the earth will call. [§]
ki bo'alayich osayich Yahveh tzevaot shmo vegoalech kadosh Yisrael Elohei kol haaretz yikarei.
'ki' means 'for', 'bo'alayich' means 'who brings about you' (from the root bole, 'to bring forth'), 'osayich' means 'who does for you' (from the root asah, 'to do'), 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of the divine name YHVH, 'tzevaot' means 'hosts' (angelic armies), 'shmo' means 'His name', 'vegoalech' means 'and your redeemer', 'kadosh' means 'holy', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'Elohei' is the construct form of 'Elohim' meaning 'God of', 'kol' means 'all', 'haaretz' means 'the earth', and 'yikarei' means 'will call'. The divine titles are rendered literally: 'Yahveh' for YHVH, 'God' for Elohim (here in construct form as 'God of'), and 'Lord' is not present in this verse.
[ISA.54.6] Because as an abandoned woman and a stubborn spirit you call Yahveh, and a young woman because you become angry, said your God. [§]
Ki ke'isha azubah ve'atzuvat ruach kera'ach Yahveh ve'eshet ne'urim ki timmas ammar Elohayich.
'Ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'ke'isha' means 'as a woman', 'azubah' means 'abandoned', 've'atzuvat' means 'and stubbornness' or 'hardness', 'ruach' means 'spirit' or 'wind', 'kera'ach' means 'you will call', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 've'eshet' means 'and a woman', 'ne'urim' means 'of youth' (young woman), 'ki' means 'because', 'timmas' means 'you become angry' or 'you are haughty', 'ammar' means 'said', 'Elohayich' means 'your God' (God with the second‑person feminine suffix).
[ISA.54.7] In a small trouble I abandoned you, and in great mercies I will gather you. [§]
Be-rega katan azavtich uve-rachamim gedolim akabtzech.
'Be-rega' means 'in a little trouble' or 'in a moment', 'katan' means 'small', 'azavtich' means 'I abandoned you', 'uve-rachamim' means 'and with mercies', 'gedolim' means 'great', 'akabtzech' means 'I will gather you'. The phrase expresses that the speaker left the person in a brief hardship but will later gather them with abundant compassion.
[ISA.54.8] In great wrath I hid my face for a moment from you, and with everlasting kindness I have shown mercy to you, says your Redeemer Yahveh. [§]
beshitsaf ketzef histarti pana rega mimmekh uvechesed olam rihamti kh amar goalekh Yahveh.
'beshitsaf' means 'in great wrath', 'ketzef' means 'wrath', 'histarti' means 'I hid', 'pana' means 'my face', 'rega' means 'moment', 'mimmekh' means 'from you', 'uvechesed' means 'and with kindness', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 'rihamti' means 'I have shown mercy', 'kh' is the suffix meaning 'to you', 'amar' means 'said', 'goalekh' means 'your Redeemer', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH.
[ISA.54.9] For the waters of Noah are mine, that I have sworn to pass beyond the waters of Noah again upon the earth; so I have sworn from anger against you and from the sting toward you. [§]
Ki mei Noach zot li asher nishbati me'avor mei-Noach od al ha-aretz, ken nishbati miketzo'f alayich u-mig'ar-bach.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'mei Noach' means 'waters of Noah', 'zot' means 'this', 'li' means 'to me' or 'for me', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'nishbati' means 'I have sworn', 'me'avor' means 'to pass beyond' or 'to go beyond', 'mei-Noach' repeats 'waters of Noah', 'od' means 'again' or 'still', 'al ha-aretz' means 'upon the earth', 'ken' means 'so' or 'thus', 'nishbati' again 'I have sworn', 'miketzof' means 'from anger' or 'in wrath', 'alayich' means 'against you' (feminine singular), 'u-mig'ar-bach' means 'and from the sting/bitterness toward you'.
[ISA.54.10] For the mountains will cease, and the hills will be removed, and my kindness from you will not cease, and my covenant of peace will not be broken, says the One who shows compassion, Yahveh. [§]
Ki heharim yamushu ve hagvaot temutenah ve khasdi meittekh lo yamush uverit shelomi lo tamut amar merachemekh Yahveh.
'Ki' means 'for', 'heharim' means 'the mountains', 'yamushu' means 'will cease', 've' means 'and', 'hagvaot' means 'the hills', 'temutenah' means 'will be removed', 've' again 'and', 'khasdi' means 'my kindness', 'meittekh' means 'from you', 'lo' means 'not', 'yamush' means 'will cease', 'uverit' means 'and covenant', 'shelomi' means 'of peace', 'lo' again 'not', 'tamut' means 'will be broken', 'amar' means 'says', 'merachemekh' means 'the one who shows compassion', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[ISA.54.11] A poor woman, exhausted, is not consoled; behold, I will smear your stones in the pot and I will set you in the sapphires. [§]
aniyah soarah lo nuchamah hineh anochi marbitts ba-pukh avanayich viyasadtich ba-sappirim.
'aniyah' means 'poor woman', 'soarah' means 'exhausted' or 'weary', 'lo' means 'not', 'nuchamah' means 'consoled', 'hineh' means 'behold' or 'see', 'anochi' means 'I', 'marbitts' means 'I will smear' or 'I will cover', 'ba-pukh' means 'in the pot', 'avanayich' means 'your stones', 'viyasadtich' means 'and I will set you' or 'and I will establish you', 'ba-sappirim' means 'in the sapphires'.
[ISA.54.12] And I will set your sunshades like a crown, and your gates for the stones of Ekedah, and all your border for the stones of beauty. [§]
ve-samti kadkodh shimshotayich u-she'arayich le-avnei ekdach ve-chol-gevuleich le-avnei chephets.
've-' means 'and', 'samti' means 'I will set' or 'I will place', 'kadkodh' is a comparative word meaning 'like a crown' or 'like a shining one', 'shimshotayich' means 'your sunshades' (from shimshah, sun), 'u-' means 'and', 'she'arayich' means 'your gates', 'le-avnei' means 'for the stones of', 'ekdach' is a proper name (a location or a type of stone), 've-' means 'and', 'chol' means 'all', 'gevuleich' means 'your border' or 'your boundaries', 'le-avnei' again means 'for the stones of', 'chephets' means 'something precious' or 'beauty'.
[ISA.54.13] And all your children are taught in Yahveh, and your children have great peace. [§]
vechol banaich limudei Yahveh ve rav shalom banaich.
"ve" means "and", "chol" means "all", "banaich" means "your children", "limudei" means "teachings of" or "instruction in", "Yahveh" is the literal translation of YHVH, "rav" means "many" or "great", "shalom" means "peace".
[ISA.54.14] In righteousness you will correct me; keep me far from disgrace, for you will not be afraid, and from the threshing floor, because you will not draw near to you. [§]
bitsedakah tikkonani rachaki me'oshek ki lo tira'i u-mimchita ki lo tiqrav elayich.
'bitsedakah' means 'in righteousness', 'tikkonani' means 'you will correct me', 'rachaki' means 'keep me far' or 'my distance', 'me'oshek' means 'from disgrace' or 'from filth', 'ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'tira'i' means 'you will be afraid' (feminine singular), 'u-mimchita' means 'and from the threshing floor' (or 'from the wheat'), 'tiqrav' means 'you will draw near', 'elayich' means 'to you' (feminine). The verse addresses the divine figure in the second person feminine, so the pronouns are rendered accordingly.
[ISA.54.15] Behold, the foreigner will dwell, nothing from me; whoever dwells with you shall fall upon you. [§]
Hein gor yagur efes me'oti mi-gar itach alayich yipol.
'Hein' means 'behold' or 'surely'; 'gor' means 'foreigner' or 'sojourner'; 'yagur' is a verb meaning 'will dwell' or 'will reside'; 'efes' means 'nothing' or 'zero'; 'me'oti' means 'from me' (preposition 'from' plus first‑person singular possessive); 'mi-gar' means 'who dwells' (mi = 'who', gar = 'dwells'); 'itach' means 'with you' (addressed to a female); 'alayich' means 'upon you' (addressed to a female); 'yipol' means 'will fall' or 'shall fall'.
[ISA.54.16] Behold, I created a craftsman who breathes in fire furnace and produces a vessel for its work, and I created a destroyer for ruin. [§]
Hin anokhi barati harash nofeach beesh pecham u-motzi keli lemaasehu ve-anokhi barati mashchit lechabel.
'Hin' means 'Behold', 'anokhi' means 'I', 'barati' means 'I created', 'harash' means 'craftsman' or 'potter', 'nofeach' means 'blowing' or 'breathing', 'beesh' means 'in fire', 'pecham' means 'furnace', 'u-motzi' means 'and producing', 'keli' means 'vessel' or 'tool', 'lemaasehu' means 'for its work', 've-anokhi' means 'and I', the second 'barati' repeats 'I created', 'mashchit' means 'destroyer' or 'ruiner', and 'lechabel' means 'for destruction' or 'to bring ruin'.
[ISA.54.17] All your vessels that are crafted upon you shall not succeed, and every tongue that rises with you for judgment you shall be condemned. This is the inheritance of the servants of Yahveh, and their righteousness is from me, declares Yahveh. [§]
Kol-keli yutzar alayich lo yitzlach vechol-lashon takum-itach lamishpat tarshii zot nachalat avdei Yahveh vetzidkatam meiti neum-Yahveh.
'Kol-keli' means 'all your vessels', 'yutzar' means 'crafted' or 'formed', 'alayich' means 'upon you', 'lo' means 'not', 'yitzlach' means 'shall succeed', 'vechol' means 'and all', 'lashon' means 'language' or 'tongue', 'takum-itach' means 'will arise with you', 'lamishpat' means 'for judgment', 'tarshii' means 'you will be judged' or 'you will be condemned', 'zot' means 'this', 'nachalat' means 'inheritance', 'avdei' means 'servants of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, 'vetzidkatam' means 'and their righteousness', 'meiti' means 'from me', 'neum-Yahveh' means 'declares Yahveh'.
ISA.55
[ISA.55.1] Woe to all who are thirsty, go to the water; and to those who have no money, go, break (bread) and eat; and go, break without money and without paying for wine and milk. [§]
Hoi kal-tsame leku lamayim ve'aser ein-lo kasef leku shibru ve'echlu u'leku shibru belo-kesef u'velo mezir yayin ve'halav.
'Hoi' means 'woe' or a lamenting cry. 'Kal-tsame' means 'all thirsty'. 'Leku' means 'go'. 'Lamayim' means 'to the water'. 'Ve'aser' means 'and to the one who has'. 'Ein-lo' means 'has no'. 'Kasef' means 'money'. 'Shibru' (or 'shibru') means 'break' (as in break bread). 'Ve'echlu' means 'and eat'. 'Belo-kesef' means 'without money'. 'Uve lo mezir' means 'and without price' (i.e., without paying). 'Yayin' means 'wine'. 'Ve'halav' means 'and milk'.
[ISA.55.2] Why do you weigh silver without bread and become full without satiety? Listen to me, eat what is good, and be delighted with the oil of your soul. [§]
lamah tishk'lu kesef be'lo lechem vigi'achem be'lo lesav'a shim'u shamo'a elai ve'ichlu tov ve'tit'aneig ba'deshen naf'shechem.
'lamah' means 'why', 'tishk'lu' means 'you weigh' (from the root sh-k-l), 'kesef' means 'silver', 'be'lo' means 'without', 'lechem' means 'bread', 'vigi'achem' means 'and you become/full', 'be'lo' again 'without', 'lesav'a' means 'satiety' or 'fullness', 'shim'u' means 'listen', 'shamo'a' means 'hearing' or 'listener', 'elai' means 'to me' or 'my', 've'ichlu' means 'and eat', 'tov' means 'good', 've'tit'aneig' means 'and be delighted' (from root 'anag'), 'ba'deshen' means 'with oil', 'naf'shechem' means 'your soul' (literally 'your breath/life').
[ISA.55.3] Listen to your ears and go to me, hear and revive your soul, and I will make for you an everlasting covenant of the mercies of David the faithful. [§]
Hattu oznechem u-lechu elai shimu u-techi nafshachem ve-echreta lachem berit olam chasdei David ha-ne'emanim.
'Hattu' means 'listen', 'oznechem' means 'your ears', 'u-lechu' means 'and go', 'elai' means 'to me', 'shimu' means 'hear', 'u-techi' means 'and revive', 'nafshachem' means 'your soul', 've-echreta' means 'and I will make', 'lachem' means 'for you', 'berit' means 'covenant', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 'chasdei' means 'mercies of', 'David' is the name David, 'ha-ne'emanim' means 'the faithful'.
[ISA.55.4] Behold, I gave a witness to the nations, a leader and commander to the nations. [§]
hen ed leummim netativ nagid u-metzaveh leummim.
'hen' means 'behold', 'ed' means 'witness', 'leummim' means 'to the nations', 'netativ' means 'I gave it' or 'I have given', 'nagid' means 'leader', 'u-metzaveh' means 'and commander' or 'one who orders', 'leummim' again means 'to the nations'.
[ISA.55.5] Behold, a nation you will not know will call, and a nation that will not know you, they will run to you for the sake of Yahveh your God, and to sanctify Israel because of your splendor. [§]
Hen goy lo tedaa tikra ve goy lo yedauka elecha yarutzu lema'an Yahveh Elohecha ve likdosh Yisrael ki pe'arach.
'Hen' means 'Behold', 'goy' means 'nation', 'lo' means 'not', 'tedaa' means 'you will know', 'tikra' means 'you will call', 've' means 'and', 'goy' means 'nation', 'lo' means 'not', 'yedauka' means 'they will know you', 'elecha' means 'to you', 'yarutzu' means 'they will run', 'lema'an' means 'for the sake of', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'Elohecha' means 'your God', 've' means 'and', 'likdosh' means 'to sanctify', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'ki' means 'because', 'pe'arach' means 'your splendor'.
[ISA.55.6] Seek Yahveh while he may be found; call him while he is near. [§]
Dirshu Yahveh behimmats'eo kera'uhu bihyoto karov.
'Dirshu' means 'Seek', 'Yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'behimmats'eo' means 'while he is found' or 'in the time of his being found', 'kera'uhu' means 'call him', 'bihyoto' means 'while he is' or 'in his being', 'karov' means 'near'.
[ISA.55.7] The wicked will leave his way, and a man of iniquity his plans, and he will return to Yahveh and He will have compassion on him, and to the Gods, because he will increase to forgive. [§]
Ya'azov rasha darco ve'ish aven machshevotav ve'yashov el-Yahveh vi'yrachemehu ve'el ha-Elohim ki yarbeh lisloach.
'Ya'azov' means 'will leave', 'rasha' means 'the wicked', 'darco' means 'his way', 've'ish' means 'and a man', 'aven' means 'iniquity', 'machshevotav' means 'his plans', 've'yashov' means 'and he will return', 'el' means 'to', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'vi'yrachemehu' means 'and He will have compassion on him', 've'el' means 'and to', 'ha-Elohim' means 'the Gods' (literal translation of Elohim), 'ki' means 'because', 'yarbeh' means 'he will increase', 'lisloach' means 'to forgive'.
[ISA.55.8] Because my thoughts are not your thoughts, nor are your ways my ways, says Yahveh. [§]
Ki lo machshevotai machshevoteichem ve lo darkeichem drakhai ne'um Yahveh.
'Ki' means 'because', 'lo' means 'not', 'machshevotai' means 'my thoughts', 'machshevoteichem' means 'your thoughts', 've' means 'and', the second 'lo' means 'not', 'darkeichem' means 'your ways', 'drakhai' means 'my ways', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[ISA.55.9] For the heavens are higher than the earth, so my ways are higher than your ways, and my thoughts are higher than your thoughts. [§]
Ki gavhu shamayim me'eretz ken gavhu drakhai midarkheikhem umachsh'votai mimachsh'voteykhem.
'Ki' means 'for', 'gavhu' means 'are high' or 'are lofty', 'shamayim' means 'the heavens', 'me'eretz' means 'than the earth', 'ken' means 'so', 'drakhai' means 'my ways', 'midarkheikhem' means 'than your ways', 'umachsh'votai' means 'and my thoughts', 'mimachsh'voteykhem' means 'than your thoughts'.
[ISA.55.10] For as the rain and the snow fall from the heavens and there they do not return, but they only moisten the earth, cause it to bring forth, cause it to grow, give seed to the sower, and bread for the eater. [§]
Ki ka'asher yered hageshem vehashleg min-hashamayim vehashamah lo yashuv ki im hirvah et-haaretz veholida ve'hatzmicha ve'natan zera le-zorea ve-lechem la'achel.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'yered' means 'descends' or 'falls', 'hageshem' means 'the rain', 'veha' means 'and the', 'shleg' means 'snow', 'min' means 'from', 'hashamayim' means 'the heavens', 'vehashamah' means 'and there', 'lo' means 'not', 'yashuv' means 'returns', 'ki' means 'but', 'im' means 'only', 'hirvah' means 'moisture', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'veholida' means 'and causes to bring forth', 've'hatzmicha' means 'and causes to grow', 've'natan' means 'and gives', 'zera' means 'seed', 'le-zorea' means 'to the sower', 've-lechem' means 'and bread', 'la'achel' means 'for eating'.
[ISA.55.11] Thus shall my word that goes out of my mouth not return to me empty, but will accomplish that which I desire and will succeed in that which I have sent. [§]
Ken yihyeh devari asher yetze mif'i lo-yashuv elai reikam ki im-asa et asher chafatzti ve'hitslich asher sh'lachti.
'Ken' means 'Thus', 'yihyeh' means 'shall be' or 'will be', 'devari' means 'my word', 'asher' means 'that' or 'which', 'yetze' means 'goes out', 'mif'i' means 'of my mouth', 'lo-yashuv' means 'will not return', 'elai' means 'to me', 'reikam' means 'empty' or 'in vain', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'im-asa' means 'if it does' or 'that it accomplishes', 'et' is a direct object marker, 'asher' again means 'that which', 'chafatzti' means 'I desired', 've'hitslich' means 'and it will succeed', 'asher' again 'that which', 'sh'lachti' means 'I sent'.
[ISA.55.12] For with joy you shall go out, and in peace you shall return; the mountains and the hills will burst forth before you with shouts, and all the trees of the field will clap their palms. [§]
ki vesimcha tetseu uveshalom tuvluen heharim vehagvaot yifetzchu lifneichem rina v'chol-atzey hasade yimchahu kaf
'ki' means 'for', 'vesimcha' means 'with joy', 'tetseu' means 'you will go out', 'uveshalom' means 'and in peace', 'tuvluen' (from 'tovlun') means 'you will return', 'heharim' means 'the mountains', 'vehagvaot' means 'and the hills', 'yifetzchu' means 'will burst forth' or 'will shout', 'lifneichem' means 'before you', 'rina' means 'shout of joy', 'v'chol-atzey' means 'and all the trees', 'hasade' means 'of the field', 'yimchahu' means 'will strike' or 'will clap', 'kaf' means 'palm' (metaphor for hand). The phrase 'yimchahu kaf' is an idiom meaning 'to clap their hands' or 'to strike their palms in celebration'.
[ISA.55.13] Under the thorn it will rise in the head; under the shrub it will rise the myrtle; and it shall be to Yahveh for a name, as an everlasting sign, and it shall not be cut. [§]
tachat ha'na'atzut ya'aleh b'rosh tachat ha'sirpad ya'aleh hadas ve-hayah laYahveh leshem leot olam lo yikaret
'tachat' means 'under', 'ha'na'atzut' means 'the thorn', 'ya'aleh' means 'will rise', 'b'rosh' means 'in the head', 'tachat' again means 'under', 'ha'sirpad' means 'the shrub', 'ya'aleh' again means 'will rise', 'hadas' means 'myrtle', 've-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'leshem' means 'for a name', 'leot' means 'as a sign', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 'lo' means 'not', 'yikaret' means 'shall be cut'.
ISA.56
[ISA.56.1] Thus says Yahveh: Keep justice and do righteousness, for my salvation is near to come and my righteousness will be revealed. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh shimu mishpat va'asu tzedakah ki kerovah yeshuati lava ve tzidkati le'higlot.
'Koh' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'shimu' means 'keep' or 'observe', 'mishpat' means 'justice', 'va'asu' means 'and do', 'tzedakah' means 'righteousness', 'ki' means 'for', 'kerovah' means 'near', 'yeshuati' means 'my salvation', 'lava' means 'to come', 've' means 'and', 'tzidkati' means 'my righteousness', 'le'higlot' means 'to be revealed'.
[ISA.56.2] Blessed is the man who does this, and the son of man holds onto it, a keeper of the Sabbath who does not profane it, and who keeps his hand from doing any evil. [§]
Ashrei enosh ya'aseh zot uven adam yachazik bah shomer shabbat mechalelo ve-shomer yado me'asot kol ra.
'Ashrei' means 'blessed' or 'happy', 'enosh' means 'man' or 'person', 'ya'aseh' means 'who does', 'zot' means 'this', 'uven adam' means 'son of man' (human), 'yachazik' means 'holds onto' or 'grips', 'bah' means 'it', 'shomer shabbat' means 'keeper of the Sabbath', 'mechalelo' means 'from profaning it', 've-shomer' means 'and keeps', 'yado' means 'his hand', 'me'asot' means 'from doing', 'kol ra' means 'all evil'.
[ISA.56.3] And let not the son of the foreigner, the alien, say to Yahveh, 'Separate, separate me, Yahveh, from his people,' and let not the servant say, 'Behold, I am a dry tree.' [§]
ve'al-yo'mar ben-hanekar hanilvah el-Yahveh le'emor habdel yabdilani Yahveh me'al ammo ve'al-yo'mar hasaris hen ani etz yavesh.
've'al' means 'and not', 'yo'mar' means 'shall say', 'ben' means 'son', 'ha' is the definite article, 'nekhar' means 'foreigner' or 'stranger', 'hanilvah' means 'the alien' (a form of the same root), 'el' is the preposition 'to', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'le'emor' means 'to say', 'habdel' means 'separate' (imperative), 'yabdilani' means 'he will separate me', 'me'al' means 'from', 'ammo' means 'his people', 'hasaris' means 'the servant', 'hen' means 'behold', 'ani' means 'I', 'etz' means 'tree', 'yavesh' means 'dry'. The names of God are rendered exactly as instructed: YHVH becomes 'Yahveh'.
[ISA.56.4] For thus said Yahveh to the ministers who keep my Sabbaths and they chose that which I desired and those who hold my covenant. [§]
Ki-koh amar Yahveh la-sarisim asher yishmeru et Shabbatotai u-vachar\'u ba-asher chafatsiti u-machazikim bi-beriti.
'Ki' means 'for', 'koh' means 'thus', together 'Ki-koh' means 'for thus'. 'amar' means 'said'. 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH. 'la-sarisim' means 'to the ministers' (the servants). 'asher' means 'who' or 'that which'. 'yishmeru' means 'they keep' or 'they guard'. 'et' is the accusative marker, retained for literal sense. 'Shabbatotai' means 'my Sabbaths' (the Sabbath days belonging to me). 'u-vachar\'u' means 'and they chose' (the prefix u- is 'and', vachar\'u is 'they chose'). 'ba-asher' means 'in that which' or 'according to what'. 'chafatsiti' means 'I desired' or 'I pleased'. 'u-machazikim' means 'and those who hold' (u- 'and', machazikim 'those who hold' or 'keep'). 'bi-beriti' means 'my covenant' (bi- 'in my', beriti 'covenant').
[ISA.56.5] And I will give them in my house and in my courts a good name, better than sons and daughters; I will give them an everlasting name that will not be cut off. [§]
ve natati lahem bebeit uvechomotai yad veshem tov mibanim umibanot shem olam eten lo asher lo yikkaret
've' means 'and', 'natati' means 'I will give', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'bebeit' means 'in my house', 'uvechomotai' means 'and in my courts', 'yad' means 'hand', 'veshem' means 'and name', 'tov' means 'good', 'mibanim' means 'better than sons', 'umibanot' means 'and better than daughters', 'shem' means 'name', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 'eten-lo' means 'I will give to him', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'lo' means 'not', 'yikkaret' means 'will be cut off'.
[ISA.56.6] And the children of the foreigner who are devoted to Yahveh to serve and love the name of Yahveh, to be his servants, all Sabbath‑keepers who keep it unbroken, and those who hold fast to my covenant. [§]
uvnei ha-nechar ha-nilvim al Yahveh lesharto uleshavah et-shem Yahveh lihyot lo laavadim kol shomer shabbat mechalelo umachazikim bivrithi.
'uvnei' means 'and the children/offspring', 'ha-nechar' means 'of the foreigner', 'ha-nilvim' means 'who are devoted' or 'who are attached', 'al' means 'to' or 'upon', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'lesharto' means 'to serve him', 'uleshavah' means 'and to love', 'et-shem' means 'the name of', 'lihyot' means 'to be', 'lo' means 'his', 'laavadim' means 'servants', 'kol' means 'all', 'shomer' means 'keeper/guard', 'shabbat' means 'Sabbath', 'mechalelo' means 'that does not profane it', 'umachazikim' means 'and those who hold fast', 'bivrithi' means 'to my covenant'.
[ISA.56.7] And they will bring them to my holy mountain, and I will make them glad in the house of my prayer; their burnt offerings and their sacrifices will be for pleasure upon my altar, because my house, the house of prayer, will be called for all the peoples. [§]
vaheviotim el-har Qodshi ve-simachtim be-beit tefilati oloteihem ve-zivcheihem le-ratzon al-mizbchi ki beiti beit-tefilah yikarei le-kol ha-amim.
'vaheviotim' means 'and they will bring', 'el' means 'to', 'har' means 'the mountain', 'Qodshi' means 'my holy', 've-simachtim' means 'and (I) will make them glad', 'be-beit' means 'in the house of', 'tefilati' means 'my prayer', 'oloteihem' means 'their burnt offerings', 've-zivcheihem' means 'and their sacrifices', 'le-ratzon' means 'for pleasure', 'al' means 'upon', 'mizbchi' means 'my altar', 'ki' means 'because', 'beiti' means 'my house', 'beit-tefilah' means 'house of prayer', 'yikarei' means 'will be called', 'le-kol' means 'to all', 'ha-amim' means 'the peoples'.
[ISA.56.8] Thus says my Lord Yahveh, He gathers the outcasts of Israel; again I will gather them for his assembly. [§]
Ne'um Adonai Yahveh mekabetz nidkhei Yisrael od akabetz alav lenikbatzav.
'Ne'um' means 'Thus says', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the name YHVH rendered as Yahveh, 'mekabetz' means 'gathers' (third person singular), 'nidkhei' means 'the outcasts' or 'those cast aside', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'od' means 'again' or 'still', 'akabetz' means 'I will gather', 'alav' means 'upon him' or 'against him', 'lenikbatzav' means 'for his gathering' or 'for his assembly'.
[ISA.56.9] All his livestock in the field, to eat all his livestock in the forest. [§]
Kol chayto shaday etav le'echol kol-chayto ba-ya'ar.
'Kol' means 'all', 'chayto' means 'his living creatures' or 'his livestock', 'shaday' means 'in the field(s)', 'etav' is a grammatical particle marking the direct object (here roughly 'them'), 'le'echol' means 'to eat', 'kol-chayto' means 'all his living creatures' again, and 'ba-ya'ar' means 'in the forest'.
[ISA.56.10] The watchmen, the blind, all of them do not know; all are dogs, fools; they cannot test; the ones who rise and the ones who lie down, lovers of sleep. [§]
Tzofav ivrim kulam lo yadau kulam kelavim illim lo yuklu linvach hozim shochvim ohavei lanum.
'Tzofav' means 'watchmen', 'ivrim' means 'the blind', 'kulam' means 'all of them', 'lo' means 'not', 'yadau' means 'they know', second 'kulam' repeats 'all of them', 'kelavim' means 'dogs', 'illim' means 'fools', 'lo' again means 'not', 'yuklu' means 'they can', 'linvach' means 'to test', 'hozim' means 'those who rise', 'shochvim' means 'those who lie down', 'ohavei' means 'lovers of', 'lanum' means 'sleep' or 'slumber'.
[ISA.56.11] And the dogs, fierce of spirit, did not know satiety, and the shepherds did not know understanding; all of them turned to their own ways, each to his own end. [§]
vehaklavim azei-nefes lo yadu savah vehem ro'im lo yadu havin kulam le-darkam pano ish le-vitso mikatsehu.
've' means 'and', 'haklavim' means 'the dogs', 'azei-nefes' means 'strong of soul' or 'ferocious', 'lo' means 'not', 'yadu' means 'they knew', 'savah' means 'satiation' or 'fullness', 'vehem' means 'and they', 'ro'im' means 'shepherds' or 'they graze', 'havîn' means 'understanding', 'kulam' means 'all of them', 'le-darkam' means 'to their way', 'pano' means 'they turned', 'ish' means 'each man', 'le-vitso' means 'to his end', 'mikatsehu' means 'from its tip' or 'from the very end'.
[ISA.56.12] I will take wine and it will be drunk strong, and it will be like this: tomorrow a great excess very. [§]
etav eqcha-yayin ve nisbe'ah shekhar ve hayah kaze yom machar gadol yeter meod.
'etav' means 'I will take', 'eqcha-yayin' means 'wine', 've' means 'and', 'nisbe'ah' means 'it will be poured/drunk', 'shekhar' means 'strong' or 'intoxicated', 've' again means 'and', 'hayah' means 'it will be', 'kaze' means 'like this', 'yom' means 'day', 'machar' means 'tomorrow', 'gadol' means 'great', 'yeter' means 'excess' or 'more', 'meod' means 'very'.
ISA.57
[ISA.57.1] The righteous perished and there is no man who places [it] upon the heart, and men of kindness are gathered without understanding, because because of the evil the righteous was gathered. [§]
Ha-tsaddik avad ve-eyen ish sam al-lev ve-anshei-chesed ne'esafim be-eyn mevin ki-mipnei ha-raah ne'esaf ha-tsaddik.
'Ha' is the definite article 'the', 'tsaddik' means 'righteous one', 'avad' means 'perished' or 'died', 've' is the conjunction 'and', 'eyen' means 'there is no' or 'none', 'ish' means 'man', 'sam' means 'places' or 'sets', 'al-lev' means 'upon the heart', 've' again is 'and', 'anshei' is the construct form of 'men' meaning 'men of', 'chesed' means 'kindness' or 'mercy', 'ne'esafim' is a verb meaning 'are gathered' or 'are assembled', 'be-eyn' means 'without' or 'in the absence of', 'mevin' means 'understanding', 'ki' means 'because', 'mipnei' means 'because of' or 'on account of', 'ha-raah' means 'the evil', 'ne'esaf' means 'was gathered', and the final 'ha-tsaddik' repeats 'the righteous'.
[ISA.57.2] May peace come; they will lie down on their beds, walking their own way. [§]
yavo shalom yanuchu al mishkevatam holech necho.
'yavo' means 'he will come' or 'may come', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'yanuchu' means 'they will rest' or 'they will lie down', 'al' means 'on' or 'upon', 'mishkevatam' means 'their beds' (literally 'their couchings'), 'holech' means 'walking' or 'going', 'necho' means 'his own' or 'by himself', together forming the phrase 'walking his own (way)'.
[ISA.57.3] And you draw near here, the sons of Onnah, seed of Menaef, and she defiled. [§]
ve'atem kirbu-henna b'nei onna zerach menaef vatizneh.
've'atem' means 'and you', 'kirbu-henna' means 'draw near here', 'b'nei' means 'sons of' (or 'children of'), 'onna' is a proper name, likely a person or place, 'zerach' means 'seed' or 'descendant', 'menaef' is interpreted as a proper name meaning 'disallowed' or 'rejected', and 'vatizneh' means 'and she defiled' or 'and she committed fornication'.
[ISA.57.4] Upon whom will you be angry? Upon whom will you widen your mouth and stretch out your tongue? Is it not you, children of transgression, seed of falsehood? [§]
Al-mi tit'anagu al-mi tarchivu peh ta'arichu lashon halo atem yildei-pesha zera shaker.
'Al' means 'upon' or 'against', 'mi' means 'whom', 'tit'anagu' means 'you will be angry' (2nd person plural), 'tarchivu' means 'you will widen' (mouth), 'peh' means 'mouth', 'ta'arichu' means 'you will stretch out', 'lashon' means 'tongue' or 'language', 'halo' means 'is it not', 'atem' means 'you (plural)', 'yildei-pesha' means 'children of transgression' (yildei = offspring/children, pesha = transgression), 'zera' means 'seed', 'shaker' means 'falsehood' or 'lie'.
[ISA.57.5] The merciful in the Gods beneath every green tree, slaughterers of the children in the streams beneath the slopes of the rocks. [§]
Ha-nechamim ba-elim tachat kol-etz raanan shochatei ha-yaladim ba-nachal tachat seifei ha-selaim.
'Ha-nechamim' means 'the merciful'. 'Ba-elim' is 'in the Elim', with Elim being the plural of El, which we translate as 'the Gods'. 'Tachat' means 'under' or 'beneath'. 'Kol-etz' means 'every tree' ('kol' = 'every', 'etz' = 'tree'). 'Raanan' means 'green' or 'lush'. 'Shochatei' is a construct form meaning 'slaughterers of'. 'Ha-yaladim' means 'the children'. 'Ba-nachal' means 'in the streams' ('nachal' = 'stream'). The second 'tachat' again means 'under'. 'Seifei' is a construct meaning 'slopes of' or 'edges of'. 'Ha-selaim' means 'the rocks' ('sela' = 'rock'). According to the given name translations, 'El' = God, 'Elohim' = the Gods, so 'Elim' is rendered as 'the Gods'. No other divine names appear.
[ISA.57.6] In the portions of the stream your share, they, they are your lot; also to them you poured a libation, you raised a grain offering, the above these I will console. [§]
bechalkei-nachal chelkecha hem hem goralekha gam-lahhem shafakt nesekh heelit mincha ha'al eleh ennahem.
'bechalkei-nachal' means 'in the portions of the stream', 'chelkecha' means 'your share', 'hem' means 'they', the second 'hem' repeats for emphasis, 'goralekha' means 'your lot', 'gam-lahhem' means 'also to them', 'shafakt' means 'you poured', 'nesekh' means 'a libation or drink offering', 'heelit' means 'you raised' or 'offered', 'mincha' means 'a grain offering', 'ha'al' means 'the offering (above)', 'eleh' means 'these', and 'ennahem' means 'I will console them'. No divine name appears in this verse, so no special translation of a name is needed.
[ISA.57.7] On the high mountain and (it) was lifted, you placed your bed; also there you went up to sacrifice a sacrifice. [§]
Al har-gavoh ve-nisa samet mishkavekh gam sham alit lizvoach zabach.
'Al' means 'on' or 'upon', 'har-gavoh' means 'the high mountain', 've-nisa' means 'and (it) is lifted' or 'and you lifted', 'samet' means 'you placed' (feminine singular), 'mishkavekh' means 'your bed' (possessive), 'gam' means 'also', 'sham' means 'there', 'alit' means 'you went up' (masculine singular), 'lizvoach' means 'to sacrifice', 'zabach' means 'a sacrifice' (noun).
[ISA.57.8] And after the door and the mezuzah you placed your memory, for from me you uncovered and you rose; you widened your couch and you bound yourself from them; you loved their couch, hand you saw. [§]
veachar haddelet vehammezuzah samet zikronekh ki mei'ti gilit vata'ali hirchavt mishkavekha vatikrat-lakh mehem ahavt mishkavam yad chazit.
'veachar' means 'and after', 'haddelet' means 'the door', 'vehammezuzah' means 'and the mezuzah', 'samet' means 'you placed' or 'you kept', 'zikronekh' means 'your memory' or 'your remembrance', 'ki' means 'because' or 'for', 'mei'ti' means 'from me', 'gilit' means 'you uncovered', 'vata'ali' means 'and you rose' or 'you ascended', 'hirchavt' means 'you broadened' or 'you made wide', 'mishkavekha' means 'your couch' or 'your bed', 'vatikrat-lakh' means 'and you bound for yourself' or 'you encircled yourself', 'mehem' means 'from them', 'ahavt' means 'you loved', 'mishkavam' means 'their couch', 'yad' means 'hand', 'chazit' means 'you saw' or 'you have seen'.
[ISA.57.9] And you turned to the king with oil, and you increased your ointments, and you sent your bitterness far away, and you humbled yourself to Sheol. [§]
vatasuri lamellech bashmen ve-tarbbi rikuyach ve-teshallhechi tzirayich ad merachok ve-tashpili ad sheol.
'vatasuri' means 'and you turned' (feminine singular), 'lamellech' means 'to the king', 'bashmen' means 'with oil', 've-tarbbi' means 'and you increased', 'rikuyach' means 'your ointments', 've-teshallhechi' means 'and you sent', 'tzirayich' means 'your bitterness' (or 'your distress'), 'ad merachok' means 'to a far distance', 've-tashpili' means 'and you humbled yourself', 'ad sheol' means 'to Sheol (the grave)'.
[ISA.57.10] In abundance your ways you have become weary; you did not say weakness; the life of your hand you have found, therefore you have not failed. [§]
b'rov darchekh yagat lo amart noash chayat yadekh matsat al-ken lo cholit.
'b'rov' means 'in abundance', 'darchekh' means 'your ways', 'yagat' means 'you have become weary', 'lo' means 'not', 'amart' means 'you said', 'noash' means 'weakness', 'chayat' means 'life', 'yadekh' means 'your hand', 'matsat' means 'you have found', 'al-ken' means 'therefore', 'lo' means 'not', 'cholit' means 'you have failed'.
[ISA.57.11] And with whom have you worried, and you were afraid because you will lie, and my sign you have not remembered, you have not set upon your heart; is it not I who think forever, and my sign you will not fear. [§]
ve'et mi da'agt vati'rei ki tekazebi ve'oti lo zakart lo samat al libekh halo ani machse ume'olam ve'oti lo tirai.
've'et' means 'and with', 'mi' means 'whom', 'da'agt' means 'you (f) have worried', 'vati'rei' means 'and you were afraid', 'ki' means 'because', 'tekazebi' means 'you will lie', 've'oti' means 'and my sign', 'lo' means 'not', 'zakart' means 'you have remembered', 'lo samat' means 'you have not set', 'al' means 'upon', 'libekh' means 'your heart', 'halo' means 'is it not', 'ani' means 'I', 'machse' means 'I consider' or 'I think', 'ume'olam' means 'forever', 've'oti' means 'and my sign', 'lo' means 'not', 'tirai' means 'you will fear'.
[ISA.57.12] I will declare your righteousness and your deeds, and they will not deceive you. [§]
Ani aggid tzidkatekh ve'et-ma'asayikh velo yo'ilukha.
'Ani' means 'I', 'aggid' means 'will tell' or 'will declare', 'tzidkatekh' means 'your righteousness', 've' means 'and', 'et' is a direct‑object marker, 'ma'asayikh' means 'your deeds', 'velo' means 'and not', 'yo'ilukha' is a verb form meaning 'will deceive you' or 'will mislead you'.
[ISA.57.13] In your cry He will rescue you, your assembly, and all of them will lift up the spirit, will take the breath, and the one who trusts in me will inherit the earth and will inherit my holy mountain. [§]
Bez'a'kek yatziluk kibbutzayich ve-et kulam yisa' ruach yikach havel ve-hachoseh bi yinchal eretz veyirash har kadshi.
'Bez'a'kek' means 'in your cry', 'yatziluk' means 'will rescue you', 'kibbutzayich' means 'your assembly', 've-et kulam' means 'and all of them', 'yisa' ruach' means 'will lift up the spirit', 'yikach havel' means 'will take the breath/vanity', 've-hachoseh bi' means 'and the one who trusts in me', 'yinchal eretz' means 'will inherit the land/earth', 'veyirash' means 'and will inherit', 'har kadshi' means 'the holy mountain'.
[ISA.57.14] And he said, 'Pause, pause; open the way, lift up the stumbling block from the way of my people.' [§]
Ve'amar solu-solu pannu-darekh harimu mikshol mi-derekh ami.
'Ve'amar' means 'and said', 'solu-solu' is a repeated imperative meaning 'pause, pause', 'pannu-darekh' means 'open the way', 'harimu' means 'lift up', 'mikshol' means 'the stumbling block', 'mi-derekh' means 'from the way', 'ami' means 'my people'.
[ISA.57.15] Because thus said the High and lofty dweller Eternal, and holy his name Exalted, and holy I will dwell, and the humbled and low spirit to revive low spirits and to revive the heart of the oppressed. [§]
Ki ko amar Ram veNissa shokhen ad veKadosh shemo marom veKadosh eshkon ve'et-dakka uShefal-ruach lechayot ruach shefalim ulechayot lev nidkaim.
'Ki' means 'because', 'ko' means 'thus' or 'so', 'amar' means 'said', 'Ram' is a descriptive title meaning 'the High', 'veNissa' means 'and lofty', 'shokhen' means 'dwelling', 'ad' means 'eternal' or 'forever', 'veKadosh' means 'and holy', 'shemo' means 'his name', 'marom' means 'exalted', the second 'veKadosh' repeats 'and holy', 'eshkon' means 'I will dwell', 've'et-dakka' means 'and the humbled', 'uShefal-ruach' means 'and low spirit', 'lechayot' means 'to revive', 'ruach shefalim' means 'low spirits', 'ulechayot' means 'and to revive', 'lev' means 'heart', 'nidkaim' means 'oppressed' or 'afflicted'.
[ISA.57.16] For I will not forever contend, and I will not be angry forever, because the spirit before me will surround and souls I made. [§]
ki lo le'olam ariv ve'lo lanetzach eketzof ki ruach milfanai ya'atoof u'neshamot ani asiti.
'ki' means 'for', 'lo' means 'not', 'le'olam' means 'forever', 'ariv' means 'I will contend', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'lanetzach' means 'ever', 'eketzof' means 'I will be angry', 'ki' means 'because', 'ruach' means 'spirit', 'milfanai' means 'before me', 'ya'atoof' means 'will surround', 'u'neshamot' means 'and souls', 'ani' means 'I', 'asiti' means 'made'.
[ISA.57.17] Because of sin, in his rebellion I grew angry and I will devour him, hide, and I will be angry again, and he went back on the path of his own heart. [§]
baavon bittzo katsapti veakkehu hastar vektsaf vayelekh shovav bederekh libo.
'baavon' means 'because of sin', 'bittzo' means 'in his rebellion' (literally 'by his defiance'), 'katsapti' means 'I was angry', 'veakkehu' means 'and I will devour him', 'haster' means 'to conceal' or 'to hide', 'vektsaf' means 'and I will be angry', 'vayelekh' means 'and he went', 'shovav' means 'again' or 'returning', 'bederekh' means 'in the way', 'libo' means 'his heart' or 'the direction of his heart'.
[ISA.57.18] I have seen his ways, and I will heal him, and I will comfort him, and I will repay recompense to him and to his mourning. [§]
derachav raiti ve'erpa'ehu ve'anchahehu va'ashalem nichumim lo ve'la'avelav.
'derachav' means 'his ways', 'raiti' means 'I have seen', 've'erpa'ehu' means 'and I will heal him', 've'anchahehu' means 'and I will comfort him', 'va'ashalem' means 'and I will repay', 'nichumim' means 'recompense' or 'retribution', 'lo' means 'to him', 've'la'avelav' means 'and to his mourning'.
[ISA.57.19] Creator of utterance, two lips, peace peace to the far and the near, says Yahveh, and He healed him. [§]
Boreh Niv Sfatayim Shalom Shalom Larahok Ve-lakrov Amar Yahveh U-repha'tiv.
'Boreh' means 'Creator', 'Niv' means 'utterance' or 'prophecy', 'Sfatayim' means 'two lips', 'Shalom' means 'peace' (repeated for emphasis), 'Larahok' means 'to the distant', 'Ve-lakrov' means 'and to the near', 'Amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, and 'U-repha'tiv' means 'and He healed him'.
[ISA.57.20] And the wicked are driven out like the sea, because the stillness cannot [be], and they drove out from its waters mud and silt. [§]
veharsha'im kayam nigrash ki hashket lo yukhal vayigreshu meimav refesh vatit.
'veharsha'im' means 'and the wicked', 'kayam' means 'like the sea', 'nigrasch' means 'are driven out', 'ki' means 'because', 'hashket' means 'the stillness' or 'quiet', 'lo' means 'not', 'yukhal' means 'can (be)', 'vayigreshu' means 'and they drove out', 'meimav' means 'from its waters', 'refesh' means 'mud', and 'vatit' means 'and silt'.
[ISA.57.21] There is no peace, said my God to the wicked. [§]
Ein shalom amar Elohai laresha'im S.
'Ein' means 'there is not' or 'no', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'amar' means 'said', 'Elohai' means 'my God' (the literal translation of the divine name El as 'God' with the first‑person possessive suffix), 'laresh'a'im' means 'to the wicked', and 'S' is a masoretic notation marking the end of the verse.
ISA.58
[ISA.58.1] Call in a loud voice, do not be silent; like a lofty trumpet raise your voice, and announce to my people their iniquity and to the house of Jacob their sin. [§]
Kera b'garon al-tachshoch kashofar ha'rem kolcha ve-haged le'ami pisham ulevet Yaakov chatotam.
'Kera' means 'call', 'b'garon' means 'in a loud voice', 'al-tachshoch' means 'do not be silent', 'kashofar' means 'like a trumpet', 'ha'rem' means 'the high/lofty', 'kolcha' means 'your voice', 've-haged' means 'and announce', 'le'ami' means 'to my people', 'pisham' means 'their iniquity', 'ulevet' means 'and to the house of', 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob', 'chatotam' means 'their sin'.
[ISA.58.2] And a sign day day they will seek me and knowledge of my ways they will desire like a nation which righteousness has done and judgment of his God not abandoned they will ask me judgments of righteousness the nearness of the Gods they will desire. [§]
veoti yom yom yidroshun veda'at derachai yichpatsun kegoy asher-tzedakah asah u-mishpat elohav lo azav yisholuni mishpetei-tzedek kirbat Elohim yichpatsun.
'veoti' means 'and a sign', 'yom' means 'day', the second 'yom' repeats 'day', 'yidroshun' means 'they will seek me', 'veda'at' means 'and knowledge', 'derachai' means 'of my ways', 'yichpatsun' means 'they will desire', 'kegoy' means 'like a nation', 'asher-tzedakah' means 'which righteousness', 'asah' means 'has done', 'u-mishpat' means 'and judgment', 'elohav' means 'of his God', 'lo' means 'not', 'azav' means 'abandoned', 'yisholuni' means 'they will ask me', 'mishpetei-tzedek' means 'judgments of righteousness', 'kirbat' means 'nearness', 'Elohim' means 'the Gods', and the final 'yichpatsun' means 'they will desire'.
[ISA.58.3] Why have we fasted and you have not seen? We have humbled our souls and you do not know. Behold, on the day of your fasting you will find favor and all your sorrows will be removed. [§]
Lamah tsamnu velo raita ininu napshenu velo teda hen beyom somkhem timtzeu-chefetz vekal-atzeveikhem tingosu.
'Lamah' means 'why', 'tsamnu' means 'we have fasted', 'velo' means 'and not', 'raita' means 'you have seen', 'ininu' means 'we have humbled', 'napshenu' means 'our souls', 'teda' means 'you know', 'hen' means 'behold', 'beyom' means 'on the day', 'somkhem' means 'your fasting', 'timtzeu-chefetz' means 'you will find favor', 'vekal-atzeveikhem' means 'and all your sorrows', 'tingosu' means 'will be removed'.
[ISA.58.4] Behold, for strife and plague you will fast, and to strike in the net of evil you will not fast as the day, to make your voice heard in the heights. [§]
hen le-riv u-matza tatzumu u-le-hakot be-egrof resha lo-tatzumu ka-yom le-hashmia ba-marom kolkhem
'hen' means 'behold', 'le-riv' means 'for strife', 'u-matza' means 'and plague', 'tatzumu' means 'you will fast', 'u-le-hakot' means 'and to strike', 'be-egrof' means 'in a net', 'reshA' means 'evil', 'lo-tatzumu' means 'do not fast', 'ka-yom' means 'as the day', 'le-hashmia' means 'to make heard', 'ba-marom' means 'in the heights', 'kolkhem' means 'your voice'.
[ISA.58.5] This shall be a fast I will choose it, a day of trouble, man his soul, to wrap like a sack his head, and sack and ash he shall spread. This you shall call a fast and a day of delight to Yahveh. [§]
hachaze yiheye tzom evcharehu yom annot adam nafsho halakof keagmon rosho vasaq vaefer yatzia haleze tiqra-tzom veyom ratzon layahveh.
'hachaze' means 'this', 'yiheye' means 'shall be', 'tzom' means 'fast', 'evcharehu' means 'I will choose it', 'yom' means 'day', 'annot' means 'of trouble' or 'affliction', 'adam' means 'man', 'nafsho' means 'his soul', 'halakof' (unknown root) rendered as 'to wrap' or 'to encircle', 'keagmon' means 'like a sack' (agmon = sack), 'rosho' means 'his head', 'vasaq' means 'and sack', 'vaefer' means 'and ash', 'yatzia' means 'he shall spread' or 'scatter', 'haleze' means 'this', 'tiqra-tzom' means 'you shall call fast', 'veyom' means 'and day', 'ratzon' means 'delight' or 'pleasure', 'layahveh' means 'to Yahveh' (YHVH translated as Yahveh).
[ISA.58.6] Behold, this fast I will choose; open the charred things of evil, the terror, bundles of death, and send the free wanderers, and every death shall be cut down. [§]
halo zeh tzom evkharehu pateach chartzuvot reshah hater agudot mota veshallah retzutzim chafshim vechol-mota tenatku.
'halo' means 'is it not' or a rhetorical 'behold', 'zeh' means 'this', 'tzom' means 'fast', 'evkharehu' means 'I will choose it', 'pateach' means 'open', 'chartzuvot' means 'charred things' or 'burnt items', 'reshah' means 'evil' or 'wickedness', 'hater' means 'the terror' or 'the fear', 'agudot' means 'bundles' or 'clusters', 'mota' means 'death', 'veshallah' means 'and send', 'retzutzim' means 'scattered ones' or 'wanderers', 'chafshim' means 'free' (as in free people), 'vechol-mota' means 'and every death', 'tenatku' means 'they shall be cut down' or 'they will be destroyed'.
[ISA.58.7] Is not a rooster for the hungry your bread, and a stubborn donkey you bring home, because you will see a nakedness and its covering, and from your flesh you will not be ashamed. [§]
Halo paros la-ra'ev lachmecha ve'aniyyim merudim taviy beit ki-tireh arom ve'kisito u-mi-varsekha lo tit'alem.
'Halo' means 'Is not', 'paros' means 'rooster', 'la-ra'ev' means 'for the hungry', 'lachmecha' means 'your bread', 've'aniyyim' means 'and a donkey', 'merudim' means 'stubborn', 'taviy' means 'you bring', 'beit' means 'home', 'ki' means 'because', 'tireh' means 'you will see', 'arom' means 'nakedness', 've'kisito' means 'and its covering', 'u-mi-varsekha' means 'and from your flesh', 'lo' means 'not', 'tit'alem' means 'you will be ashamed'.
[ISA.58.8] Then your light will be pierced like the dawn, and your length will quickly flourish; and your righteousness will walk before you as the glory of Yahveh will gather you. [§]
az yibbaka kashachar orekha varukhatkha mehera titzmach vehalakh lefanekha tzidkekha kevod Yahveh yaaspekha.
'az' means 'then', 'yibbaka' means 'will pierce or break', 'kashachar' means 'like the dawn', 'orekha' means 'your light', 'varukhatkha' means 'and your length or extension', 'mehera' means 'quickly', 'titzmach' means 'will flourish', 'vehalakh' means 'and will walk', 'lefanekha' means 'before you', 'tzidkekha' means 'your righteousness', 'kevod' means 'glory', 'Yahveh' is the divine name YHVH, 'yaaspekha' means 'will gather you'.
[ISA.58.9] Then you will call, and Yahveh will answer, 'Ask, and he will say, Behold, I am if you remove a mote from your midst; send a finger and speak falsehood.' [§]
Az tikra vayahveh ya'aneh teshava veyomar hineni im-tasir mitokhka moteh shelach etzba vedabber aven.
'Az' means 'then', 'tikra' means 'you will call', 'vayahveh' means 'and Yahveh', 'ya'aneh' means 'will answer', 'teshava' means 'inquire' or 'ask', 'veyomar' means 'and he will say', 'hineni' means 'behold, I am', 'im' means 'if', 'tasir' means 'you remove', 'mitokhka' means 'from your midst', 'moteh' means 'a mote (tiny speck)', 'shelach' means 'send', 'etzba' means 'a finger', 've' means 'and', 'dabber' means 'you speak', 'aven' means 'falsehood' or 'lies'.
[ISA.58.10] And you will satisfy your soul for the hungry, and you will satisfy a starving soul, and your light will rise in darkness, and your darkness will be like noon. [§]
ve-tafek la-raev nafshecha ve-nefesh na'ana tashbia ve-zarach ba-choshech orekha va-afelatcha ka-tzaharayim.
've' means 'and', 'tafek' means 'you will satisfy', 'la-raev' means 'for the hungry', 'nafshecha' means 'your soul', 've' means 'and', 'nefesh' means 'soul', 'na'ana' means 'starving', 'tashbia' means 'you will satisfy', 've' means 'and', 'zarach' means 'it will rise', 'ba-choshech' means 'in darkness', 'orekha' means 'your light', 'va' means 'and', 'afelatcha' means 'your darkness', 'ka-tzaharayim' means 'as noon' (literally 'like midday').
[ISA.58.11] And Yahveh will sustain you constantly, and will satisfy your soul with fresh delights, and will refresh your bones, and you shall be like a lush garden, like a spring of water whose waters never lie. [§]
ve-nachacha Yahveh tamid ve-hisbia be-tzachtzachot nafsecha ve-atsmotecha yachalitz ve-hayita ke-gan raveh u-kmo-tza mayim asher lo-yechazvu meimav.
've-nachacha' means 'and will sustain you', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 'tamid' means 'always' or 'constantly', 've-hisbia' means 'and will satisfy', 'be-tzachtzachot' means 'with fresh delights', 'nafsecha' means 'your soul', 've-atsmotecha' means 'and your bones', 'yachalitz' means 'will be refreshed', 've-hayita' means 'and you will become', 'ke-gan' means 'like a garden', 'raveh' means 'well-watered' or 'lush', 'u-kmo-tza' means 'and like a spring', 'mayim' means 'water', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo-yechazvu' means 'will not lie' or 'will not be false', 'meimav' means 'its waters'.
[ISA.58.12] And they will build from you everlasting swords, foundations of generation to generation, they will establish them; and they will call to you an encompassing breach, reviving paths for sitting. [§]
Uvan u mimmekha charvot olam mosdei dor va-dor tekumem veqora lekha goder peretz meshovev netivot lashavet.
'Uvan' means 'and they will build'; 'u' is the conjunction 'and'; 'mimmekha' means 'from you'; 'charvot' means 'swords'; 'olam' means 'everlasting' or 'eternal'; 'mosdei' means 'foundations of'; 'dor' means 'generation'; 'va-dor' means 'and generation' (hence 'generation to generation'); 'tekumem' means 'they will establish them'; 'veqora' means 'and will call'; 'lekha' means 'to you'; 'goder' means 'surrounding' or 'encompassing'; 'peretz' means 'breach' or 'break'; 'meshovev' means 'making prosperous' or 'reviving'; 'netivot' means 'paths' or 'ways'; 'lashavet' means 'for sitting' or 'to sit'.
[ISA.58.13] If you turn back from the Sabbath your foot to do your desire on My holy day and you called the Sabbath delight for the honored Yahveh and you honor it above doing your ways from finding your desire and you speak a word. [§]
Im tashiv mishabbat raglecha asot chafatzekha be yom kadshei ve karata lashabbat oneg likdosh Yahveh mekubad ve chibadto measot drachecha mimtzo chafetzkha ve daber daver.
'Im' means 'if', 'tashiv' means 'you turn back', 'mishabbat' means 'from the Sabbath', 'raglecha' means 'your foot', 'asot' means 'to do', 'chafatzekha' means 'your desire', 'be yom' means 'on the day', 'kadshei' means 'my holy (day)', 've' means 'and', 'karata' means 'you called', 'lashabbat' means 'the Sabbath', 'oneg' means 'delight', 'likdosh' means 'to the holy', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'mekubad' means 'honored', 've' again 'and', 'chibadto' means 'you honor it', 'measot' means 'above doing', 'drachecha' means 'your ways', 'mimtzo' means 'from finding', 'chafetzkha' means 'your desire', 've' 'and', 'daber' means 'you speak', 'daver' means 'a word'.
[ISA.58.14] Then you shall rejoice in Yahveh and He will set you upon the heights of the earth and He will feed you the inheritance of Jacob your father because the mouth of Yahveh has spoken. [§]
Az tit'anag al-Yahveh ve'hirkavticha al-bamotey aretz ve'ha'achalticha nachalat Ya'akov avikha ki pi Yahveh diber.
'Az' means 'then', 'tit'anag' means 'you will rejoice', 'al' means 'in' or 'on', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 've' means 'and', 'hirkavticha' means 'He will set you', 'al' again means 'upon', 'bamotey' means 'the heights', 'aretz' means 'earth' or 'land', 've' means 'and', 'ha'achalticha' means 'He will feed you', 'nachalat' means 'the inheritance', 'Ya'akov' means 'Jacob', 'avikha' means 'your father', 'ki' means 'because', 'pi' means 'the mouth', 'Yahveh' again the divine name, 'diber' means 'has spoken'.
ISA.59
[ISA.59.1] Behold, the hand of Yahveh is not cut short from saving, and his ear is not heavy from hearing. [§]
Hen lo qatsra yad Yahveh mehoshia ve lo kavda ozno mishmoa.
'Hen' means 'Behold', 'lo' means 'not', 'qatsra' means 'cut short' or 'shortened', 'yad' means 'hand', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'mehoshia' means 'from saving' (from the root H-S-H meaning to save), 've' means 'and', the second 'lo' again means 'not', 'kavda' means 'heavy', 'ozno' means 'his ear', 'mishmoa' means 'from hearing' (from the root sh-m-ʿ meaning to hear).
[ISA.59.2] For if your sins were separating between you and your God, and your transgressions have hidden faces from you from hearing. [§]
Ki im-avonoteichem hayu mabddilim beynchem le'vein Eloheichem vechatototeichem histiru panim mikem mishmo'a.
'Ki' means 'for', 'im' means 'if', 'avonoteichem' means 'your sins', 'hayu' means 'were', 'mabddilim' means 'separating' or 'dividing', 'beynchem' means 'between you', 'le'vein' means 'between', 'Eloheichem' means 'your God', 'vechatototeichem' means 'and your transgressions', 'histiru' means 'have hidden', 'panim' means 'faces', 'mikem' means 'from you', 'mishmo'a' means 'from hearing'. The name of God 'Elohim' is rendered here as 'God' following the rule for the singular form.
[ISA.59.3] For your hands are filled with blood, and your fingers are filled with guilt; your lips speak falsehood, and your tongue cries out wickedness. [§]
ki kappeikhem nega'lu badam veetzvaoteikhem beavon siftoiteikhem dibru sheker leshonkhem avlah tehege.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'kappeikhem' means 'your hands', 'nega'lu' means 'are full of' (from a verb meaning to be filled), 'badam' means 'blood', 'veetzvaoteikhem' means 'and your fingers', 'beavon' means 'with guilt', 'siftoiteikhem' means 'your lips', 'dibru sheker' means 'speak falsehood', 'leshonkhem' means 'your tongue', 'avlah' means 'wickedness' or 'injustice', 'tehege' means 'you utter' or 'you cry out'.
[ISA.59.4] There is no one who calls in righteousness, and there is no judgment in faith; the one who trusts upon the void and speaks falsehood, the emptiness toil and brings forth iniquity. [§]
Ein-kore betsedek ve'ein nishpat be'emuna batoach al-tohu ve-daver-shav ha'ro amal ve-hole'd aven.
'Ein' means 'there is not' or 'no'. 'Kore' means 'one who calls' or 'caller'. 'Betsedek' means 'in righteousness'. 'Ve'ein' means 'and there is not' or 'and no'. 'Nishpat' means 'judgment' or 'sentence'. 'Be'emuna' means 'in faith' or 'with fidelity'. 'Batoach' means 'one who trusts' or 'the trusting one'. 'Al-tohu' means 'upon the void' (tohu = chaos, emptiness). 'Ve-daver-shav' means 'and false speech' (daver = speak, shav = false). 'Ha'ro' is a difficult word in the manuscript; it is taken here as a form of 'ha'ru' meaning 'the emptiness' or 'the void' continuing the theme of chaos. 'Amal' means 'labor' or 'toil'. 'Ve-hole'd' means 'and brings forth' or 'and gives birth to'. 'Aven' means 'iniquity' or 'guilt'.
[ISA.59.5] The eggs of the northern will be broken and the messengers of Akkabish will be terrified; the eater from their eggs will die, and the foreigner will bite my mouth. [§]
Beitzei Tziphoni bik'eyu vekurei Akkabish ye'erogu Ha'ochel mi'beitzeihem Yamut vahazureh Tivakka Efeh.
'Beitzei' means 'eggs of', 'Tziphoni' means 'the northern' (referring to a direction or region), 'bik'eyu' means 'they will break', 'vekurei' means 'and the messengers', 'Akkabish' is a proper name meaning 'Akabish', 'ye'erogu' means 'they will be terrified', 'Ha'ochel' means 'the eater', 'mi'beitzeihem' means 'from their eggs', 'Yamut' means 'will die', 'vahazureh' means 'and the foreigner', 'Tivakka' means 'will bite', 'Efeh' means 'my mouth' or 'my palate'.
[ISA.59.6] Their garments will not be a covering, and they will not be clothed in their deeds; their deeds are deeds of iniquity and violent action in their hands. [§]
Koo-re-ye-hem lo yi-hu le-veh-gad ve-lo yi-tka-su be-ma-a-sei-hem ma-a-sei-hem ma-a-sei a-ven u-fo-al kha-mas be-ka-phei-hem.
'Koo-re-ye-hem' means 'their garments', 'lo' means 'not', 'yi-hu' means 'will be', 'le-veh-gad' means 'a covering', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'yi-tka-su' means 'they will be clothed', 'be-ma-a-sei-hem' means 'in their deeds', 'ma-a-sei-hem' means 'their deeds', 'ma-a-sei a-ven' means 'deeds of iniquity', 'u-fo-al' means 'and violent action', 'kha-mas' means 'violence', 'be-ka-phei-hem' means 'in their hands'.
[ISA.59.7] Their feet ran to evil, and they hastened to pour pure blood; their thoughts were thoughts of iniquity, ruin and breaking in their ways. [§]
Raglei-hem la-ra yarutzu vi-yimaherū li-shfokh dam naki machshavotei-hem machshavot aven shod ve-shever bi-messilotam.
'Raglei-hem' means 'their feet', 'la-ra' means 'to evil', 'yarutzu' means 'they run', 'vi-yimaherū' means 'and they hasten', 'li-shfokh' means 'to pour', 'dam' means 'blood', 'naki' means 'pure', 'machshavotei-hem' means 'their thoughts', 'machshavot' means 'thoughts', 'aven' means 'iniquity', 'shod' means 'ruin', 've-shever' means 'and breaking', 'bi-messilotam' means 'in their ways'.
[ISA.59.8] The way of peace they did not know, and there is no justice in their circles; their paths they have made difficult for themselves, and anyone who walks in it does not know peace. [§]
Derekh shalom lo yada'u ve'ein mishpat be'ma'aggelotam netivoteihem ikshu lahem kol dorekh bah lo yada' shalom.
'Derekh' means 'way' or 'road', 'shalom' means 'peace', 'lo' means 'not', 'yada'u' means 'they knew', 've'ein' means 'and there is not', 'mishpat' means 'justice' or 'judgment', 'be'ma'aggelotam' means 'in their circles' (literally 'in their circuits'), 'netivoteihem' means 'their paths', 'ikshu' means 'they made them difficult' or 'they tightened', 'lahem' means 'for them', 'kol' means 'any' or 'everyone', 'dorekh' means 'who walks', 'bah' means 'in it', 'lo' means 'not', 'yada'' means 'knew', 'shalom' means 'peace'.
[ISA.59.9] Therefore judgment is far away from us and we do not reach righteousness. We hope for light and behold darkness for the paths in the gloom we walk. [§]
Al-ken rachaq mishpat mimeh no ve'lo tasigenu tzedakah nekeveh laor vehineh choshech linoghot baafelot nehalek.
'Al-ken' means 'therefore', 'rachaq' means 'far away', 'mishpat' means 'judgment', 'mimeh' means 'from us', 've'lo' means 'and not', 'tasigenu' means 'reach us', 'tzedakah' means 'righteousness', 'nekeveh' means 'we hope', 'laor' means 'for the light', 've'ineh' means 'and behold', 'choshech' means 'darkness', 'linoghot' means 'for the paths', 'baafelot' means 'in the gloom', 'nehalek' means 'we walk'.
[ISA.59.10] We press like the blind against a wall, and as if there were no eyes we press; we have fallen at noon like a windstorm in the heavens, like the dead. [§]
Negashsha ka'avrim kir uke'in einayim negashesha kashalnu batzaharayim kaneshef baashmanim kametim.
'Negashsha' means 'we press' (future), 'ka'avrim' means 'like the blind', 'kir' means 'wall', 'uke'in' means 'as if there is no', 'einayim' means 'eyes', 'negashesha' means 'we press' (repeat), 'kashalnu' means 'we have fallen', 'batzaharayim' means 'at noon', 'kaneshef' means 'like a windstorm', 'baashmanim' means 'in the heavens', 'kametim' means 'like the dead'.
[ISA.59.11] We will be humbled like doves, all of us, and like the birds we will wander; we hope for judgment, and there is no salvation far from us. [§]
Neheme kadubbim kullanu ve'kayonim hageh nehege nekave lamishpat va'ayin lishuah rachakah mimmennu.
'Neheme' means 'we will be humbled', 'kadubbim' means 'like doves', 'kullanu' means 'all of us', 've'kayonim' means 'and like the birds', 'hage' means 'they will go', 'nehege' means 'we will wander', 'nekave' means 'we hope', 'lamishpat' means 'for judgment', 'va'ayin' means 'and there is none', 'lishuah' means 'for salvation', 'rachakah' means 'far', 'mimmennu' means 'from us'.
[ISA.59.12] For our transgressions are many before you, and our sins answered us, for our transgressions are with us, and our iniquities will know them. [§]
Ki-rabbu pesh'oteinu negdeka vechatotenu anatah banu ki-pesh'oteinu itanu veavonoteinu yed'a'nun.
'Ki' means 'for', 'rabbu' means 'are many', 'pesh'oteinu' means 'our transgressions', 'negdeka' means 'before you', 've' is 'and', 'chatotenu' means 'our sins', 'anatah' means 'answered', 'banu' means 'to us', 'ki' means 'for', 'pesh'oteinu' again 'our transgressions', 'itanu' means 'are with us', 've' means 'and', 'avonoteinu' means 'our iniquities', 'yed'a'nun' means 'they will know them'.
[ISA.59.13] Rebel and liar in Yahveh, and we turn away from behind our God, word of cruelty and perverse, his fire and his gloom from the heart, words of falsehood. [§]
pashoa vechachesh baYHVH venasog meachar Eloheinu daber-osek vesarah horo vehogo milleb dibrei-shaker.
'pashoa' means 'transgressor' or 'rebel', 'vechachesh' means 'and denier' or 'and liar', 'baYHVH' means 'in Yahveh', 'venasog' means 'and we turn away' or 'and we depart', 'meachar' means 'from behind' or 'away from', 'Eloheinu' means 'our God', 'daber-osek' means 'word of cruelty' or 'speech of oppression', 'vesarah' means 'and perverse' or 'and twisted', 'horo' means 'his fire' or 'his heat', 'vehogo' means 'and his gloom' or 'and his oppression', 'milleb' means 'from the heart', 'dibrei-shaker' means 'words of falsehood'.
[ISA.59.14] And a postponed judgment is set aside, and righteousness will stand from a distance, because truth has broken down in the public square and integrity cannot enter. [§]
vehusag achor mishpat u-tzedakah merachok taamod ki-kashlah barachov emet u-nechohah lo tukhal labo.
've' means 'and', 'husag' means 'is set aside' or 'removed', 'achor' means 'back' or 'later', 'mishpat' means 'judgment' or 'justice', 'u' means 'and', 'tzedakah' means 'righteousness', 'merachok' means 'from a distance' or 'far away', 'taamod' means 'will stand', 'ki' means 'because', 'kashlah' means 'has failed' or 'has been broken', 'barachov' means 'in the street' or 'public square', 'emet' means 'truth', 'u' means 'and', 'nechohah' means 'integrity' or 'uprightness', 'lo' means 'not', 'tukhal' means 'you can' or 'is possible', 'labo' means 'to enter' or 'to come in'. The phrase 'husag achor mishpat' is an idiom for postponing or setting aside judgment, and 'taamod merachok' is an idiom meaning righteousness remains distant.
[ISA.59.15] And the truth was exalted and turned away from evil, from being defiled, and Yahveh saw and was displeased in his eyes because there was no justice. [§]
vatehi haemet neeret vesar meraa mishtolel vayar Yahveh vayera beeinav ki ein mishpat.
'vatehi' means 'and it was', 'haemet' means 'the truth', 'neeret' means 'exalted' (or 'honored'), 'vesar' means 'and turned away', 'meraa' means 'from evil', 'mishtolel' means 'from being defiled', 'vayar' means 'and saw', 'Yahveh' means the divine name YHVH, 'vayera' means 'and was displeased', 'beeinav' means 'in his eyes', 'ki' means 'because', 'ein' means 'there is not', 'mishpat' means 'justice'.
[ISA.59.16] And he saw that there was no man and he was astonished because there was no one who meets him and his arm was his salvation and his righteousness was his support. [§]
Vayar ki ein ish vayishtomem ki ein mafgiya vatosha lo zero ve-tsidkato hi smachtahu.
'Vayar' means 'and he saw', 'ki' means 'that', 'ein' means 'there is not/none', 'ish' means 'person/man', 'vayishtomem' means 'and he was astonished', 'ki' again means 'because', 'ein' again means 'there is not/none', 'mafgiya' means 'one who meets/encounters', 'vatosha' means 'and his salvation', 'lo' means 'to him/his', 'zero' means 'arm', 've-tsidkato' means 'and his righteousness', 'hi' means 'it is', 'smachtahu' means 'his support/strength'.
[ISA.59.17] He clothed himself with righteousness as a robe, and a crown of salvation on his head; he also clothed himself with garments of vengeance, and girded himself like a mantle of jealousy. [§]
Va yilebash tzedakah kashiryan ve chova yeshuah be rosho va yilebash bigdei nakam tilboshet va yaat kam mail kina.
'Va' means 'and', 'yilebash' means 'he clothed', 'tzedakah' means 'righteousness', 'kashiryan' means 'as a robe', 've' means 'and', 'chova' means 'crown', 'yeshuah' means 'salvation', 'be' means 'on', 'rosho' means 'his head', 'va' again 'and', 'yilebash' means 'he clothed', 'bigdei' means 'with garments', 'nakam' means 'of vengeance', 'tilboshet' is a poetic form meaning 'you will put on', 'va' means 'and', 'yaat' means 'he girded', 'kam' means 'like', 'maile' means 'a mantle', 'kina' means 'jealousy'.
[ISA.59.18] As rewards, as he will repay, wrath to his adversaries, reward to his enemies, to the nations a reward he will repay. [§]
ke'al gemulot ke'al yeshallem chema le-tzarav gemul le-oyevav la-iyim gemul yeshallem.
'ke'al' means 'as', 'gemulot' means 'rewards' or 'wages', the second 'ke'al' again means 'as', 'yeshalle m' (yeshalle m) means 'he will pay' or 'he will repay', 'chema' means 'wrath' or 'anger', 'le-tzarav' means 'to his adversaries', 'gemul' means 'reward', 'le-oyevav' means 'to his enemies', 'la-iyim' means 'to the nations', and the final 'gemul yeshallem' means 'a reward he will pay' or 'he will repay as reward'.
[ISA.59.19] And they will fear from the west the name Yahveh, and from the east of the sun the glory of him, for He will come like a river, an adversary, the spirit of Yahveh moving within it. [§]
veyi'ru mimma'arav et-shem Yahveh u-mimizrach-shemesh et-kevodoh ki-yavo kanahar tzar ruach Yahveh nos'sah bo.
"veyi'ru" means "and they will fear", "mimma'arav" means "from the west", "et-shem" means "the name of", "Yahveh" is the transliteration of the divine name YHVH, "u-mimizrach-shemesh" means "and from the east of the sun", "et-kevodoh" means "the glory of him", "ki-yavo" means "for he will come", "kanahar" means "like a river", "tzar" means "adversary" or "trouble", "ruach Yahveh" means "the spirit of Yahveh", and "nos'sah bo" means "is moving within it".
[ISA.59.20] And a redeemer will come to Zion, and to those who turn from sin in Jacob, says Yahveh. [§]
u-va le-Tziyon go'el u-le-shavei pesha be-Yaakov ne'um Yahveh.
'u-va' means 'and he/it came', 'le-Tziyon' means 'to Zion', 'go'el' means 'redeemer', 'u-le-shavei' means 'and to those who turn back', 'pesha' means 'transgression' or 'sin', 'be-Yaakov' means 'in Jacob', 'ne'um' means 'says' or 'declares', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH.
[ISA.59.21] And I this my covenant with them, says Yahveh, my Spirit that is upon you and my words that I have placed in your mouth shall not cease from your mouth and from the mouth of your seed and from the mouth of the seed of your seed, says Yahveh, from now and forever. [§]
va'ani zot beriti otam amar Yahveh ruchi asher alecha uvdarai asher-samti beficha lo yamushu mipicha umipi zaracha umipi zera zaracha amar Yahveh meata vead-olam.
'va'ani' means 'and I', 'zot' means 'this', 'beriti' means 'my covenant', 'otam' means 'with them', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ruchi' means 'my Spirit', 'asher' means 'that', 'alecha' means 'upon you', 'uvdarai' means 'and my words', 'asher-samti' means 'that I have placed', 'beficha' means 'in your mouth', 'lo' means 'not', 'yamushu' means 'shall cease', 'mipicha' means 'from your mouth', 'umipi' means 'and from the mouth of', 'zaracha' means 'your seed', 'umipi' again 'and from the mouth of', 'zera' means 'seed', 'zaracha' again 'your seed', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' again the name of God, 'meata' means 'from now', 'vead-olam' means 'and forever'.
ISA.60
[ISA.60.1] Rise, my light, for your light has come and the glory of Yahveh is upon you, shining. [§]
Kumi ori ki ba orekh u'kavod Yahveh alayich zarach.
'Kumi' means 'rise' (imperative feminine), 'ori' means 'my light', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'ba' means 'has come', 'orekh' means 'your light', 'u' (the prefix) means 'and', 'kavod' means 'glory', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'alayich' means 'upon you' (feminine), 'zarach' means 'has risen' or 'is shining'. The verse addresses a beloved woman, calling her "my light", announcing that her own light has arrived and that the glory of Yahveh is now upon her, shining.
[ISA.60.2] For behold, the darkness will cover the earth and a veil to the nations, and upon you Yahveh will arise, and his glory upon you will be seen. [§]
ki-hineh hachoshekh yikasseh eretz va'arafel leummim ve'alayich yizrach Yahveh u'kavodo alayich yeraeh.
'ki' means 'for', 'hineh' means 'behold', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'choshekh' means 'darkness', 'yikasseh' means 'will cover', 'eretz' means 'earth', 'va' means 'and', 'arafel' means 'a veil' or 'mist', 'leummim' means 'to the nations', 've'alayich' means 'and upon you', 'yizrach' means 'will arise' or 'will shine', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH, 'u'kavodo' means 'and his glory', 'alayich' means 'upon you', 'yeraeh' means 'will be seen' or 'will appear'.
[ISA.60.3] And the nations shall go to your light, and the kings to the brilliance of your sunrise. [§]
vehalchu goyim le'orecha u-melachim le'no'gah zarchecha.
've' means 'and', 'halchu' means 'they shall go', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'le'orecha' means 'to your light', 'u' means 'and', 'melachim' means 'kings', 'le'no'gah' means 'to the brightness', 'zarchecha' means 'your sunrise' or 'your radiance'.
[ISA.60.4] Lift around your eyes and see, all have been gathered, they have come to you; your sons from afar will come, and your daughters on the side will be faithful. [§]
sei-saviv einayich ure'i kullam nikbetsu ba'u-lach banayich merachok yavoo uvenotayich al-tsad te'amnah.
'sei' means 'lift' (imperative), 'saviv' means 'around', 'einayich' means 'your eyes', 'ure'i' means 'and see', 'kullam' means 'all of them', 'nikbetsu' means 'were gathered', 'ba'u' means 'they came', 'lach' means 'to you', 'banayich' means 'your sons', 'merachok' means 'from afar', 'yavoo' means 'they will come', 'uvenotayich' means 'your daughters', 'al' means 'on', 'tsad' means 'side', 'te'amnah' means 'will be faithful' or 'will be trusted'.
[ISA.60.5] Then you will see and you will be terrified and fear and your heart will be broadened because a flood of the sea will turn against you; a host of nations will come to you. [§]
az tiri ve-nahar t ufachad ve-rachav levavekh ki-yehafech alayich hamon yam cheil goyim yavo'u lakh.
'az' means 'then', 'tiri' means 'you will see', 've-nahar t' (from nahar) means 'and you will be terrified', 'ufachad' means 'and fear', 've-rachav' means 'and (your) heart will be broadened', 'levavekh' means 'your heart', 'ki' means 'because', 'yehafech' means 'will turn upon', 'alayich' means 'against you (feminine)', 'hamon' means 'a flood, great multitude', 'yam' means 'sea', 'cheil' means 'host, multitude', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'yavo'u' means 'will come', 'lakh' means 'to you (feminine)'.
[ISA.60.6] The flow of riches will cover the wheat of Midian and the wing; all of them will bring gold and silver they will raise, and the praises of Yahveh they will proclaim. [§]
Shif'at gemalim techasek bikrei Midyan ve'eifah kulam mishba yavo zahav ulevona yisau utihilot YHWH yebaseru.
'Shif'at' means 'flow' or 'stream', 'gemalim' means 'riches', 'techasek' means 'will cover', 'bikrei' means 'the wheat of', 'Midyan' is the proper name Midian, 've'eifah' means 'and wing', 'kulam' means 'all of them', 'mishba' means 'they will bring', 'yavo' means 'will come', 'zahav' means 'gold', 'ulevona' means 'and silver', 'yisau' means 'they will lift' or 'raise', 'utihilot' means 'praises', 'YHWH' is the divine name rendered as 'Yahveh', 'yebaseru' means 'they will proclaim' or 'announce'.
[ISA.60.7] All the flock of Kedar will gather to you; the goats of the prophets will serve you; they will ascend according to your will, my altar and the house of my splendor will be made glorious. [§]
kol tzon kedar yiqqavtsu lakh eilei nevayot yeshartonakh yaalu al ratson mizbachi uveit tifarti apaer.
'kol' means 'all', 'tzon' means 'flock', 'kedar' is a place name (Kedar), 'yiqqavtsu' means 'will gather', 'lakh' means 'to you', 'eilei' means 'the goats', 'nevayot' means 'of the prophets', 'yeshartonakh' means 'will serve you', 'yaalu' means 'will ascend', 'al' means 'upon', 'ratson' means 'will' or 'good pleasure', 'mizbachi' means 'my altar', 'uveit' means 'and house', 'tifarti' means 'of my splendor', 'apaer' means 'I will bring forth' or 'I will make glorious'.
[ISA.60.8] Who are these, like clouds that will fly, and like doves to their nests? [§]
Mi eleh ka'av teupenah ve ka yonim el aruboteihem.
'Mi' means 'who', 'eleh' means 'these', 'ka' is a comparative prefix meaning 'like', 'av' means 'cloud', 'teupenah' is a verb form meaning 'they will fly' (third person plural), 've' means 'and', 'ka' again is 'like', 'yonim' means 'doves', 'el' means 'to', 'aruboteihem' means 'their nests'.
[ISA.60.9] For I, the desert, hope, and the dunes of Tarshish, in the beginning, will bring your sons from afar, their silver and gold with them, for the name of Yahveh your God and to sanctify Israel, because of your fruit. [§]
Ki li iyim yeqavu v'anayot tarshish barishona lehabii banayich merachok kassam uzhavam itam leshem Yahveh Elohayich velikdosh Yisrael ki pearak.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'li' means 'to me' or 'my', 'iyim' means 'desert' or 'wilderness', 'yeqavu' means 'they hope' or 'they look forward', 'v'anayot' means 'and dunes' or 'and sand hills', 'tarshish' is a place name 'Tarshish', 'barishona' means 'in the beginning' or 'at first', 'lehabii' means 'to bring' (infinitive construct), 'banayich' means 'your sons', 'merachok' means 'from afar', 'kassam' means 'their silver', 'uzhavam' means 'and their gold', 'itam' means 'with them', 'leshem' means 'for the name of', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'Elohayich' means 'your God' (God = God), 'velikdosh' means 'and to sanctify' or 'to make holy', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'ki' means 'because', 'pearak' is an obscure term here rendered as 'your fruit' or 'your produce'.
[ISA.60.10] And the sons of foreigners shall build your fortifications, and their kings shall serve you, because in my anger I struck you, and in my will I had mercy on you. [§]
Uvan b'nei-nechar chomotayich u'malkhehem yeshartunekh ki bekitzfi hikitiyich u'virtsoni rihamtich.
'Uvan' means 'and they built', 'b'nei-nechar' means 'sons of foreigners', 'chomotayich' means 'your fortifications', 'u'malkhehem' means 'and their kings', 'yeshartunekh' means 'shall serve you', 'ki' means 'because', 'b'kitsfi' means 'in my anger', 'hikitiyich' means 'I struck you', 'u'virtsoni' means 'and in my will', 'rihamtich' means 'I had mercy on you'.
[ISA.60.11] And open your gates constantly, day and night; they shall not be shut, to bring to you the host of the nations and their kings are fleeing. [§]
Ufit'chu she'arayich tamid yomam va'layla lo yisagru le'havi elayich cheil goyim u'malkhehem nehugeem.
'Ufit'chu' means 'and open', 'she'arayich' means 'your gates', 'tamid' means 'always' or 'constantly', 'yomam' means 'by day', 'va'layla' means 'and by night', 'lo' means 'not', 'yisagru' means 'they will be shut', 'le'havi' means 'to bring', 'elayich' means 'to you', 'cheil' means 'host' or 'multitude', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'u'malkhehem' means 'and their kings', 'nehugeem' means 'are fleeing'.
[ISA.60.12] For the nation and the kingdom that do not serve you will be lost, and the nations will be desolate. [§]
ki ha-goy ve'ha-mamlachah asher lo ya'avducha yoavedu ve'ha-goyim charov yecheravu.
'ki' means 'for', 'ha-goy' means 'the nation', 've'ha-mamlachah' means 'and the kingdom', 'asher' means 'that', 'lo' means 'not', 'ya'avducha' means 'they will serve you', 'yoavedu' means 'they will be lost', 've'ha-goyim' means 'and the nations', 'charov' means 'desolate', 'yecheravu' means 'they will be destroyed'.
[ISA.60.13] The glory of Lebanon, to you, God, shall come upon the head of the cedar and will rejoice together, to spread the place of my sanctuary and the place of my feet I will honor. [§]
Kevood haLvanon elayich yavo be rosh tidhar u te'ashur yachdav lefa'er mekom mikdashi u mekom raglai achabed.
'Kevood' means 'glory', 'haLvanon' means 'of Lebanon', 'Elayich' means 'to you, God' (El = God, ayich = to you fem.), 'yavo' means 'will come', 'be rosh' means 'upon the head', 'tidhar' is interpreted as 'of the cedar', 'u te'ashur' means 'and will rejoice', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'lefa'er' means 'to spread', 'mekom' means 'place', 'mikdashi' means 'my holy place', 'u mekom' means 'and place', 'raglai' means 'of my feet', 'achabed' means 'I will honor'.
[ISA.60.14] And they shall go to you, frivolous sons of your contempt, and they will bow on the soles of your feet, all your despised ones, and they will call you the city Yahveh, Zion holy Israel. [§]
Vehalchu elayich shachoch bnei me'anayich vehishtachavu al kapot raglayich kol menatza'eyich veqaru lakh ir Yahveh Tziyon kedosh Yisrael.
"Vehalchu" means "and they shall go", "elayich" means "to you (feminine)", "shachoch" means "frivolous" or "playful", "bnei" means "sons", "me'anayich" means "of your contempt", "vehistachavu" means "and they will bow", "al" means "on", "kapot" means "the soles", "raglayich" means "of your feet", "kol" means "all", "menatza'eyich" means "your despised ones", "veqaru" means "and they will call", "lakh" means "you (feminine)", "ir" means "city", "Yahveh" is the literal translation of YHVH, "Tziyon" means "Zion", "kedosh" means "holy", and "Yisrael" means "Israel".
[ISA.60.15] Under your being there is abandonment and contempt, and there is no passerby, and I will set you for everlasting pride, a joyous generation after generation. [§]
tachat heyotech azubah usenuah ve'ein over v'samtech ligon olam meshos dor vador.
'tachat' means 'under' or 'below', 'heyotech' means 'your being' or 'your existence', 'azubah' means 'abandonment' or 'desolation', 'usenuah' means 'and contempt' or 'and despised', 've'ein' means 'and there is no', 'over' means 'passing one' or 'traveler', 'v'samtech' means 'and I will place you' or 'and I set you', 'ligon' means 'for pride' or 'to glory', 'olam' means 'everlasting' or 'eternal', 'meshos' means 'joyful' or 'delightful', 'dor' means 'generation', 'vador' means 'and generation' (i.e., 'generation after generation').
[ISA.60.16] And you will drink the milk of the nations, and the downfall of kings you will cause, and you will know that I am Yahveh, your savior and your redeemer, the Mighty One of Jacob. [§]
veyanakte chalev goyim veshed melakhim tinaki veyadata ki ani Yahveh moshiecha vegoalecha avir Yaakov.
'veyanakte' means 'and you will drink' (from the root *nak* 'to suck, drink'), 'chalev' means 'milk', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'veshed' means 'and the downfall', 'melakhim' means 'of kings', 'tinaki' means 'you will cause to fall', 'veyadata' means 'and you will know', 'ki' means 'that', 'ani' means 'I am', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'moshiecha' means 'your savior', 'vegoalecha' means 'and your redeemer', 'avir' means 'mighty one' or 'strong', 'Yaakov' means 'Jacob'.
[ISA.60.17] Beneath the bronze I will bring gold, and beneath the iron I will bring silver, and beneath the woods bronze, and beneath the stones iron; and I will set your charge to peace, and I will bring you righteousness. [§]
tachat ha-nehoshet aviy zahav ve-tachat ha-barzel aviy kesef ve-tachat ha-etzim nehoshet ve-tachat ha-avanim barzel ve-samti pekudatek shalom ve-nogsayich tzedakah.
'tachat' means 'under' or 'beneath'; 'ha-nehoshet' means 'the bronze' (copper alloy); 'aviy' means 'I will bring' or 'I bring'; 'zahav' means 'gold'; 've-tachat' means 'and under'; 'ha-barzel' means 'the iron'; 'kesef' means 'silver'; 'ha-etzim' means 'the woods' or 'the trees'; 'nehoshet' again means 'bronze'; 'ha-avanim' means 'the stones' or 'the rocks'; 'barzel' means 'iron'; 've-samti' means 'and I will set' or 'and I placed'; 'pekudatek' means 'your charge' or 'your duty' (addressed to a female); 'shalom' means 'peace'; 've-nogsayich' means 'and I will bring you' or 'I will draw you'; 'tzedakah' means 'righteousness' or 'justice'.
[ISA.60.18] No longer will violence be heard in your land; robbery and destruction in your borders, and you will call salvation your walls and praise your gates. [§]
Lo yishma od chamas beartech shod vashever bigvulayich veqarat yeshuah chomotayich ushearayich tehilla.
'Lo' means 'not', 'yishma' means 'will hear' (future), 'od' means 'anymore', 'chamas' means 'violence' or 'cruelty', 'beartech' means 'in your land', 'shod' means 'robbery' or 'plunder', 'vashever' means 'and destruction', 'bigvulayich' means 'in your borders', 'veqarat' means 'and you will call', 'yeshuah' means 'salvation', 'chomotayich' means 'your walls', 'ushearayich' means 'and your gates', 'tehilla' means 'praise' or 'glory'.
[ISA.60.19] There will be no more sun for your daylight, and the moon will not shine for you; and Yahveh will be your light forever, and your God for your glory. [§]
Lo yihyeh lekha od hashemesh leor yom ulenogah hayareach lo yair lekha vehayah lekha Yahveh leor olam veElohayich letifartekh.
'Lo' means 'not', 'yihyeh' means 'will be', 'lekha' means 'for you', 'od' means 'anymore', 'hashemesh' means 'the sun', 'leor' means 'for light', 'yom' means 'daytime', 'ulenogah' means 'and for its gleam', 'hayareach' means 'the moon', 'lo' means 'not', 'yair' means 'will shine', 'vehayah' means 'and it will be', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'leor' means 'for light', 'olam' means 'forever', 'veElohayich' means 'and your God', 'letifartekh' means 'for your glory'.
[ISA.60.20] Not will come again your sun, and your moon not be gathered, because Yahveh will be to you for everlasting light, and the days of your mourning will be finished. [§]
Lo yavo od shimshekha v'irekhekha lo ye'asef ki Yahveh yihyeh-lak le'or olam veshalmu yemei evlekha.
'Lo' means 'not'; 'yavo' means 'will come'; 'od' means 'again'; 'shimshekha' means 'your sun' (shamash = sun, -kha = your); 'v'irekhekha' means 'and your moon' (yareach = moon, -kha = your); 'lo' again means 'not'; 'ye'asef' means 'will be gathered' or 'will be collected'; 'ki' means 'because'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH as requested; 'yihyeh-lak' means 'will be to you' (yihyeh = will be, -lak = to you); 'le'or' means 'for light'; 'olam' means 'everlasting' or 'forever'; 'veshalmu' means 'will be completed' or 'will be finished'; 'yemei' means 'days of'; 'evlekha' means 'your mourning' (evil = mourning, -kha = your).
[ISA.60.21] And your people, all righteous, will forever inherit the land, a sprout of planting the work of my hand to be displayed. [§]
ve'ammekh kulam tzedikim leolam yirshu eretz netzer mataav maaseh yaday lehitpaer.
've'ammekh' means 'and your people', 'kulam' means 'all of them', 'tzedikim' means 'righteous ones', 'leolam' means 'forever', 'yirshu' means 'will inherit', 'eretz' means 'land', 'netzer' means 'sprout' or 'branch', 'mataav' means 'planting' or 'sowing', 'maaseh' means 'work' or 'deed', 'yaday' means 'my hand', 'lehitpaer' means 'to be displayed' or 'to be shown'.
[ISA.60.22] The small will become a thousand, and the weak will be a mighty nation; I Yahveh, in its time, will silence it. [§]
Ha-katon yihyeh la-elf ve-ha tsair le-goy atzum Ani Yahveh be-ittah achishenna.
'Ha-katon' means 'the small', 'yihyeh' means 'will become', 'la-elf' means 'to a thousand', 've' is the conjunction 'and', 'ha tsair' means 'the weak', 'le-goy' means 'to a nation', 'atzum' means 'strong' or 'mighty', 'Ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'be-ittah' means 'in its time', and 'achishenna' means 'I will silence' or 'I will put to shame'.
ISA.61
[ISA.61.1] Spirit my Lord Yahveh upon me because Yahveh anointed me to bring good news to the humble, He sent me to bind the broken‑hearted, to call to the captives deror and to the prisoners open‑lift. [§]
Ruach Adonai Yahveh alay ya'an mashach Yahveh oti levaser anavim shelachani lachavosh lenishb'rei-lev likro lishb'uyim deror ve la'asureim pekach-koach.
'Ruach' means 'spirit' or 'wind', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' (YHVH) means 'Yahveh', 'alay' means 'upon me', 'ya'an' means 'because' or 'for the reason that', 'mashach' means 'anointed', 'oti' means 'me', 'levaser' means 'to bring good news', 'anavim' means 'the humble', 'shelachani' means 'sent me', 'lachavosh' means 'to bind' or 'to heal', 'lenishb'rei-lev' means 'for the broken‑hearted', 'likro' means 'to call' or 'to proclaim', 'lishb'uyim' means 'to the captives', 'deror' is a form of the word meaning 'broken' or 'liberty' (taken here literally), 've' means 'and', 'la'asureim' means 'to the prisoners', 'pekach-koach' means 'open‑lift' (a compound verb meaning 'to open and lift'). The divine names are rendered as instructed: 'Adonai' becomes 'my Lord', 'YHVH' becomes 'Yahveh'.
[ISA.61.2] To proclaim the year of favor to Yahveh and a day of vengeance to the Gods, to comfort all the mourners. [§]
Likro shenat ratson laYHWH ve yom nakam leEloheinu le nachem kol avelim.
'Likro' means 'to call' or 'to proclaim', 'shenat' means 'year', 'ratson' means 'of favor', 'laYHWH' means 'to Yahveh', 've' means 'and', 'yom' means 'day', 'nakam' means 'of vengeance', 'leEloheinu' means 'to our Gods' (plural of Elohim), 'le nachem' means 'to comfort', 'kol' means 'all', 'avelim' means 'the mourners' or 'those who are bereaved'.
[ISA.61.3] To cause the mourners of Zion to give them a piece under dust, oil of rejoicing under mourning, a portion of praise under the spirit of silence, and to call them oxen of righteousness, the branch of Yahveh to be glorified. [§]
lashum la'avelei tziyon latet lahem pe'er tachat efer shemen sason tachat ebel ma'ateh tehilla tachat ruach kehaha veqora lahem eilei hatsedek mata Yahveh lehitpa'er.
'lashum' means 'to cause'; 'la'avelei' means 'for the mourners'; 'tziyon' means 'Zion'; 'latet' means 'to give'; 'lahem' means 'to them'; 'pe'er' means 'a piece' (literal: grain); 'tachat' means 'under'; 'efer' means 'dust'; 'shemen' means 'oil'; 'sason' means 'joy, rejoicing'; another 'tachat' means 'under'; 'ebel' means 'mourning'; 'ma'ateh' means 'a portion' or 'a little'; 'tehilla' means 'praise'; another 'tachat' means 'under'; 'ruach' means 'spirit' or 'wind'; 'kehaha' means 'silence'; 'veqora' means 'and (he) will call'; 'eilei' means 'oxen of'; 'hatsedek' means 'righteousness'; 'mata' means 'branch' or 'sprout'; 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH; 'lehitpa'er' means 'to be glorified' or 'to shine'.
[ISA.61.4] And they built eternal swords that silence the first ones; they will raise them, and they will renew cities of sword that silence generation after generation. [§]
U'vanu charvot olam shomemot rishonim yekomemu vechiddeshu arei choreb shomemot dor vador.
'U'vanu' means 'and they built', 'charvot' means 'swords', 'olam' means 'eternal' or 'everlasting', 'shomemot' means 'silencing' or 'that silence', 'rishonim' means 'the first ones' or 'the ancestors', 'yekomemu' means 'they will raise' or 'they will establish', 'vechiddeshu' means 'and they will renew' or 'and they will rebuild', 'arei' means 'cities', 'choreb' means 'of sword', 'shomemot' (again) means 'silencing', 'dor' means 'generation', 'vador' means 'and generation' (i.e., generation after generation).
[ISA.61.5] And strangers will stand and will pasture your flock, and the sons of a foreigner, your foreigners, and your vintners. [§]
ve'amdu zarim ve'rau tzo'ankhem u'vnei nechar ikarkhem ve'kormeykhem.
've' means 'and', 'amdu' means 'they stand', 'zarim' means 'strangers', 've' (second) means 'and', 'rau' means 'they will pasture', 'tzo'ankhem' means 'your flock', 'u' means 'and', 'vnei' means 'sons of', 'nechar' means 'a foreigner', 'ikarkhem' means 'your foreigners', 've' (third) means 'and', 'kormeykhem' means 'your vintners'.
[ISA.61.6] And you, priests of Yahveh, you will call servants of our Gods; let it be said to you, strength of nations you will eat, and by their honor you will be glorified. [§]
veatem kohanei Yahveh tikareu meshartai Eloheinu yeamer lachem chel goyim tochlu uvekhvodam tityammaru.
'veatem' means 'and you (plural)'; 'kohanei' means 'priests of'; 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH; 'tikareu' means 'you will call'; 'meshartai' means 'servants of'; 'Eloheinu' means 'our Gods' (Elohim = the Gods); 'yeamer' means 'let be said'; 'lachem' means 'to you'; 'chel' means 'strength'; 'goyim' means 'nations'; 'tochlu' means 'you will eat'; 'uvekhvodam' means 'and by their honor'; 'tityammaru' means 'you will be glorified' or 'you will be praised'.
[ISA.61.7] Under your drinking they will be doubled and a shout they will rejoice their share; therefore in their land they will inherit a double; everlasting joy will be theirs. [§]
tachat bashetkhem mishneh uklimah yarnoo chelkam lachein beartsam mishneh yirashu simchat olam tiheyeh lahem.
'tachat' means 'under', 'bashetkhem' means 'your drinking' or 'your cup', 'mishneh' means 'double' or 'twice', 'uklimah' means 'and a cry/shout', 'yarnoo' means 'they will rejoice', 'chelkam' means 'their share' or 'their portion', 'lachein' means 'therefore', 'beartsam' means 'in their land', the second 'mishneh' repeats the idea of 'double', 'yirashu' means 'they will inherit', 'simchat' means 'joy of', 'olam' means 'everlasting' or 'forever', 'tiheyeh' means 'it will be', and 'lahem' means 'to them' or 'their'.
[ISA.61.8] For I, Yahveh, love justice, hate robbery in the world, and I will give their punishment in truth, and I will cut an everlasting covenant for them. [§]
Ki ani Yahveh ohev mishpat sone gazel beolah venatati peulatan beemet uverit olam ekhror lahem.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'ani' means 'I', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'ohev' means 'love', 'mishpat' means 'justice', 'sone' means 'hate', 'gazel' means 'robbery', 'beolah' means 'in the world', 'venatati' means 'and I will give', 'peulatan' means 'their punishment', 'beemet' means 'in truth', 'uverit' means 'and covenant', 'olam' means 'everlasting', 'ekhror' means 'I will cut', 'lahem' means 'for them'.
[ISA.61.9] And they will be known among the nations their seed and their offspring within the peoples, all who see them will recognize them because they are the seed of the blessed Yahveh. [§]
ve-noda bagoyim zaram ve-tsetzaeihem betoch haamim kol-roeihem yakirum ki hem zera berach Yahveh.
've-noda' means 'and (it) will be known', 'bagoyim' means 'among the nations', 'zaram' means 'their seed', 've-tsetzaeihem' means 'and their offspring', 'betoch' means 'within', 'haamim' means 'the peoples', 'kol-roeihem' means 'all who see them', 'yakirum' means 'will recognize them', 'ki' means 'because', 'hem' means 'they', 'zera' means 'seed', 'berach' means 'blessed', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHWH.
[ISA.61.10] I rejoice, I will be glad in the LORD; my soul exults in my God, for He has clothed me with garments of righteousness, He has made me a bridegroom, He has prepared a feast, and as the bride the vessel is prepared. [§]
So's ashish baYHWH tagel nafshi beElohai ki hilbishini bigdei-yesha me'il tzedakah ye'atani kechatan yecha hen pe'er ve'kalkalah ta'ade kelah.
'So's' means 'I rejoice'; 'ashish' means 'I will be glad'; 'baYHWH' means 'in the LORD'; 'tagel' means 'my soul exults'; 'nafshi' means 'my soul'; 'beElohai' means 'in my God'; 'ki' means 'for'; 'hilbishini' means 'He has clothed me'; 'bigdei-yesha' means 'with garments of righteousness'; 'me'il' means 'he has made me a'; 'tzedakah' means 'bridegroom'; 'ye'atani' means 'he has prepared'; 'kechatan' means 'as a bride'; 'yecha' means 'the vessel'; 'hen' means 'is'; 'pe'er' means 'a feast'; 've'kalkalah' means 'and the bride'; 'ta'ade' means 'will be prepared'; 'kelah' means 'the vessel'.
[ISA.61.11] For as the earth brings forth its sprout, and as a garden its sowings bring forth, so my Lord Yahveh will cause righteousness and praise to spring before all the nations. [§]
Ki ka'aretz totzi tzimchah u'kegannah zeru'eiha tatzmich ken Adonai Yahveh yatzmich tzedakah u'tehillah neged kol hagoyim.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ka'aretz' means 'the earth', 'totzi' means 'brings forth', 'tzimchah' means 'its sprout', 'u'kegannah' means 'and as a garden', 'zeru'eiha' means 'its sowings', 'tatzmich' means 'will bring forth', 'ken' means 'so', 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 'Yahveh' is the divine name YHVH, 'yatzmich' means 'will cause to sprout', 'tzedakah' means 'righteousness', 'u'tehillah' means 'and praise', 'neged' means 'before', 'kol' means 'all', 'hagoyim' means 'the nations'.
ISA.62
[ISA.62.1] For the sake of Zion I will not be silent, and for the sake of Jerusalem I will not be quiet until its righteousness goes forth like a flash and its salvation will blaze like a torch. [§]
Lema'an Tziyon lo echesheh u lema'an Yerushalayim lo esh'kot ad-yetze kanno'gah tzedakah veyshuatah ke-lapid yivar.
'Lema'an' means 'for the sake of', 'Tziyon' is the place name 'Zion', 'lo' means 'I will not', 'echesheh' means 'be silent', 'u' is the conjunction 'and', 'lema'an' again 'for the sake of', 'Yerushalayim' is the place name 'Jerusalem', 'lo' again 'I will not', 'esh'kot' means 'be quiet' or 'rest', 'ad' means 'until', 'yetze' means 'go out' or 'appear', 'kanno'gah' (from 'kano'ga') means 'like a flash' or 'like a sudden blaze', 'tzedakah' means 'righteousness', 'veyshuatah' means 'and its salvation', 'ke-lapid' means 'like a torch' (literally 'as a lamp'), 'yivar' means 'will be burned' or 'will blaze'.
[ISA.62.2] And the nations will see your righteousness, and all the kings your glory, and a new name will be called to you that the mouth of Yahveh will establish. [§]
ve-ra'u goyim tzidkech ve-khol melachim kevodech ve-kora lakh shem chadash asher pi Yahveh yikavenno.
've' means 'and', 'ra\'u' means 'they saw', 'goyim' means 'nations', 'tzidkech' means 'your righteousness', 've' again means 'and', 'khol' means 'all', 'melachim' means 'kings', 'kevodech' means 'your glory', 've' again means 'and', 'kora' means 'will call', 'lakh' means 'to you', 'shem' means 'name', 'chadash' means 'new', 'asher' means 'that', 'pi' means 'mouth', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'yikavenno' means 'will establish it'.
[ISA.62.3] And you shall be a crown of splendor in the hand of Yahveh, and a scepter of the kingdom in the palm of your God. [§]
vehayit ateret tiferet beyad-Yahveh utznof melukah bekaf-elohayich.
'vehayit' means 'and you shall be', 'ateret' means 'crown', 'tiferet' means 'splendor' or 'glory', 'beyad' means 'in the hand of', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'utznof' means 'and scepter', 'melukah' means 'of the kingdom', 'bekaf' means 'in the palm of', and 'elohayich' means 'your God' (with 'eloh' = God, 'ayich' = your). The phrase describes a person being placed in a position of honor and authority by divine power.
[ISA.62.4] Not shall be said to you any more abandonment, and to your land not shall be said any more desolation, because to you shall be called my desire in it, and to your land in burnt offering, because Yahveh desires you and your land shall be polluted. [§]
lo yi'amer lekha od azubah ve'arztekha lo yi'amer od shmemah ki lekha yiqra chafzi ba ve'arztekha be'ula ki chafetz Yahveh beka ve'arzteka tib'al.
'lo' means 'not', 'yi'amer' means 'shall be said', 'lekha' means 'to you', 'od' means 'anymore', 'azubah' means 'abandonment', 've'arztekha' means 'and to your land', 'shmemah' means 'desolation', 'ki' means 'because', 'yiqra' means 'shall be called', 'chafzi' means 'my desire', 'ba' means 'in it', 'be'ula' means 'in burnt offering', 'chafetz' means 'desires', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'beka' means 'in you', 'tib'al' means 'shall be polluted'.
[ISA.62.5] For the young man will be angry, the virgin will be angry at you; your sons will make merry, the bridegroom over the bride will rejoice, he will rejoice over you, your God. [§]
ki yiba'al bachur betulah yiba'alu'kha b'nayikh u'mesos chatan al kala yashish alayikh elohayikh
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'yiba'al' means 'will be angry', 'bachur' means 'young man' or 'bachelor', 'betulah' means 'virgin', 'yiba'alu'kha' means 'they will be angry at you', 'b'nayikh' means 'your sons', 'u'mesos' means 'and will make merry', 'chatan' means 'bridegroom', 'al' means 'over' or 'upon', 'kala' means 'bride', 'yashish' means 'he will rejoice', 'alayikh' means 'over you', 'elohayikh' means 'your God'.
[ISA.62.6] Upon your walls Jerusalem I have appointed guards all the day and all the night always not they will cease the remembering of Yahveh do not be silent to you. [§]
al chomotayich yerushalaim hipkadtí shomrim kol hayom ve kol halaila tamid lo yecheshu ha mazkirim et yahveh al domi lachem.
'al' means 'upon', 'chomotayich' means 'your walls', 'yerushalaim' means 'Jerusalem', 'hipkadtí' means 'I have appointed', 'shomrim' means 'guards', 'kol' means 'all', 'hayom' means 'the day', 've' means 'and', 'halaila' means 'the night', 'tamid' means 'always', 'lo' means 'not', 'yecheshu' means 'they will cease', 'ha' is the definite article 'the', 'mazkirim' means 'rememberers' or 'those who recall', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'al' means 'do not', 'domi' means 'be silent', 'lachem' means 'to you'.
[ISA.62.7] And do not give my blood to him until He establishes and until He places Jerusalem's praise in the earth. [§]
Ve'al titenu demi lo ad yechonen ve'ad yasim et Yerushalayim tehilla ba'aretz.
'Ve'al' means 'and do not', 'titenu' means 'you give', 'demi' means 'my blood', 'lo' means 'to him', 'ad' means 'until', 'yechonen' means 'He will establish', 've'ad' means 'and until', 'yasim' means 'He will place', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'tehilla' means 'praise', 'ba'aretz' means 'in the earth'.
[ISA.62.8] Yahveh swears by his right hand and by his arm of strength: if I give your grain again as food for your enemies, and if the sons of a foreigner drink, you will be terrified, the one who was exhausted in it. [§]
Nishba Yahveh biminho uvizroa uzo im-etten et-dganekh od maachal leoyevayikh ve-im-yishtu b'nei-nechar tirshakha asher yagat bo.
'Nishba' means 'he swears', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'biminho' means 'by his right hand', 'uvizroa' means 'and by the arm', 'uzo' means 'of his strength', 'im' means 'if', 'etten' means 'I will give', 'et-dganekh' means 'your grain', 'od' means 'again', 'maachal' means 'food', 'leoyevayikh' means 'to your enemies', 've-im' means 'and if', 'yishtu' means 'they will drink', 'b'nei-nechar' means 'the sons of a foreigner', 'tirshakha' means 'you will be terrified', 'asher' means 'who/that', 'yagat' means 'was exhausted', 'bo' means 'in it'. The name of God YHVH is rendered as "Yahveh" per the given guideline.
[ISA.62.9] Because his gatherers will eat him and they will praise Yahveh, and those who collect him will drink in my holy courtyards. [§]
ki measfav yokhelu vehilllu et Yahveh umkavtzav yishtu bechatzerot qadshi
'ki' means 'because', 'measfav' means 'those who gather him' (literally 'his gatherers'), 'yokhelu' means 'they will eat', 'vehilllu' means 'and they will praise', 'et Yahveh' means 'the LORD', 'umkavtzav' means 'and those who collect him', 'yishtu' means 'they will drink', 'bechatzerot' means 'in the courtyards', 'qadshi' means 'my holy'.
[ISA.62.10] Cross over, cross over at the gates; open the way of the people. Go, go the road; lift up from the stone; raise a sign upon the peoples. [§]
Ibru ibru bashe'arim pannu derekh ha'am sollu sollu ham'silla saklu me'evan ha'rimu nes al-ha'amim.
'Ibru' means 'cross over' (imperative plural), repeated for emphasis. 'Bashe'arim' means 'in the gates'. 'Pannu' means 'open' or 'spread out'. 'Derekh' means 'way' or 'road'. 'Ha'am' means 'the people'. 'Sollu' (repeated) means 'go' or 'travel' (imperative plural). 'Ham'silla' means 'the path' or 'the road'. 'Saklu' means 'lift up' or 'raise' (imperative plural). 'Me'evan' means 'from stone'. 'Ha'rimu' means 'they raise' (imperative plural). 'Nes' means 'sign' or 'miracle'. 'Al-ha'amim' means 'upon the peoples' or 'over the nations'.
[ISA.62.11] Behold Yahveh has made heard to the ends of the earth, say to the daughter of Zion, behold your salvation has come, behold his reward with him and his work before him. [§]
hine Yahveh hishmia el ketze haaretz imru levat tziyon hine yisheach ba hine sekaro itto ufeilato lefanav.
'hine' means 'behold', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'hishmia' means 'has made heard' or 'has caused to be heard', 'el' means 'to', 'ketze' means 'the end' (as in 'the ends'), 'haaretz' means 'the earth', 'imru' means 'say', 'levat' means 'to daughter', 'tziyon' means 'Zion', together 'levat tziyon' = 'to the daughter of Zion', 'yisheach' means 'your salvation', 'ba' means 'has come', 'sekaro' means 'his reward', 'itto' means 'with him', 'ufeilato' means 'and his work' (literally 'and his doing'), 'lefanav' means 'before him'.
[ISA.62.12] And they called to them the holy people, the redeemed of Yahveh, and to you it will be called a sought city that will not be abandoned. [§]
vekaru lahem am hakodesh geulei Yahveh ve-lach yikare derusha ir lo neezavah.
've' means 'and' (conjunction). 'karu' means 'they called'. 'lahem' means 'to them'. 'am' means 'people'. 'ha' is the definite article 'the'. 'kodesh' means 'holy'. 'geulei' means 'the redeemed' (plural). 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH. 've' again means 'and'. 'lach' means 'to you' (feminine dative). 'yikare' means 'will be called'. 'derusha' means 'a sought or desired place'. 'ir' means 'city'. 'lo' means 'not'. 'neezavah' means 'abandoned' or 'deserted'. The final 'S' is a musical or liturgical marker (Sela).
ISA.63
[ISA.63.1] Who is this who comes from Edom, smearing clothing from the fortress? This is Hadur in his clothing, eager with great strength. I speak in righteousness, greatly to save. [§]
Mi zeh ba meEdom chamutz begadim mibbatza zeh hadur bilbush o tzoe berov kocho ani medaber bitsedakah rav lehoshia.
'Mi' means 'who', 'zeh' means 'this', 'ba' means 'comes', 'meEdom' means 'from Edom', 'chamutz' means 'smearing' or 'defiling', 'begadim' means 'clothes', 'mibbatza' means 'from the fortress', 'zeh' means 'this', 'hadur' is a proper name, 'bilbush o' means 'in his clothing', 'tzoe' means 'eager' or 'strong', 'berov' means 'with great', 'kocho' means 'strength', 'ani' means 'I', 'medaber' means 'speak', 'bitsedakah' means 'in righteousness', 'rav' means 'much' or 'greatly', 'lehoshia' means 'to save'.
[ISA.63.2] Why, O man, for your clothing and your garments, like a foot in the gate? [§]
madua adam lilbushcha uvgadecha kedorek begat.
'madua' means 'why' or 'for what reason', 'adam' means 'man', 'lilbushcha' means 'for your clothing' or 'to clothe you', 'uvgadecha' means 'and your garments', 'kedorek' is derived from the root d-r-ch meaning 'footstep' or 'step', here used as a noun meaning 'a foot' or 'a step', and 'begat' means 'in the gate' or 'at the gate'.
[ISA.63.3] I walked alone, and from the peoples there is no man with me; and I will chase them with my anger and crush them with my wrath; and my eternal zeal is upon my garment, and I have redeemed all my clothing. [§]
pura darachti levadi umeamim ein-ish itti vedrekhem bafi vermeshem bachamati veyz nitzcham al-begadai vechol-malbushai egalti.
'pura' means 'alone', 'darachti' means 'I walked', 'levadi' means 'by myself', 'umeamim' means 'from peoples', 'ein-ish' means 'there is no man', 'itti' means 'with me', 'vedrekhem' means 'and I will chase them', 'bafi' means 'with my anger', 'vermeshem' means 'and I will crush them', 'bachamati' means 'in my wrath', 'veyz' means 'and my zeal', 'nitzcham' means 'eternal', 'al-begadai' means 'upon my garment', 'vechol-malbushai' means 'and all my clothing', 'egalti' means 'I have redeemed'.
[ISA.63.4] For the day of vengeance is in my heart, and the year of my redemption has come. [§]
ki yom nakam b'libi ushnat ge'ulai ba'ah.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'yom' means 'day', 'nakam' means 'of vengeance' or 'revenge', 'b'libi' means 'in my heart', 'ushnat' means 'and the year', 'ge'ulai' means 'of my redemption', 'ba'ah' means 'has come'.
[ISA.63.5] And I look, and there is no helper, and I am amazed, and there is no supporter, and my arm will help me, and my zeal it is that has upheld me. [§]
veabbīt veeyn ozer ve'eshtomem veeyn somekh vatosha li zeroyi vachamati hi samakhteni.
'veabbīt' means 'and I look', 'veeyn' means 'and there is not', 'ozer' means 'helper', 've'eshtomem' means 'and I am amazed', 'somekh' means 'supporter', 'vatosha' means 'and (she) will help', 'li' means 'to me', 'zeroyi' means 'my arm', 'vachamati' means 'and my zeal', 'hi' means 'it (she)', 'samakhteni' means 'has upheld me'.
[ISA.63.6] And I will oppress the nations in my anger, and I will make them drunk in my zeal, and I will bring down to the earth their eternity. [§]
ve'avus amim be'api va'ashakrem ba'hamati ve'oriz la'aretz nitscham.
've' means 'and', 'avus' means 'I will oppress' or 'crush', 'amim' means 'nations' or 'peoples', 'be'api' means 'in my anger', 'va'ashakrem' means 'and I will make them drunk' (from the root for intoxication), 'ba'hamati' means 'in my zeal' or 'fervor', 've'oriz' means 'and I will bring down', 'la'aretz' means 'to the earth', 'nitscham' means 'their forever' or 'their eternity'.
[ISA.63.7] I will proclaim the mercies of Yahveh, the praises of Yahveh as much as all that Yahveh has repaid us, and abundant good to the house of Israel, which He has repaid according to His mercies and according to the abundance of His mercies. [§]
Chasdei Yahveh azkir tehalot Yahveh ke'al kol asher gemalnu Yahveh verav-tov le'veit Yisrael asher gemalhem ke'rachmav uk'rov chasadav.
'Chasdei' means 'mercies of', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'azkir' means 'I will proclaim', 'tehalot' means 'praises', 'ke'al' means 'as much as', 'kol' means 'all', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'gemalnu' means 'He has dealt with us' or 'He has rewarded us', 'verav-tov' means 'and abundant good', "le'veit" means 'to the house of', 'Yisrael' means 'Israel', 'gemalhem' means 'He dealt with them', 'ke'rachmav' means 'according to His mercies', 'uk'rov' means 'and according to the abundance', 'chasadav' means 'of His mercies'.
[ISA.63.8] And he said, 'Only my people, they are children who will not lie, and it was a savior for them.' [§]
Vayomer ach-ami hem banim lo yeshakeru vayhi lahem lemoshia.
'Vayomer' means 'and he said', 'ach-ami' means 'only my people', 'hem' means 'they', 'banim' means 'children', 'lo' means 'not', 'yeshakeru' means 'they will lie' (here negative: 'they will not lie'), 'vayhi' means 'and it was', 'lahem' means 'to them', 'lemoshia' means 'as a savior' (moshia = savior).
[ISA.63.9] In all their distress he was not an enemy, and the angel of his presence saved them; in his love and in his compassion he redeemed them, and he sustained them and lifted them up all the days of eternity. [§]
Bechol tzaratam lo tzar u-malka panav hoshiyam beahavato uvechemlato hu gealhem veyenattelam veyenasse'em kol yemei olam.
'Bechol' means 'in all', 'tzaratam' means 'their distress', 'lo' means 'not', 'tzar' means 'enemy' or 'oppressor', 'u-' is the conjunction 'and', 'malka' means 'angel' (literally 'messenger'), 'panav' means 'his face' i.e., 'the presence of God', 'hoshiyam' means 'saved them', 'beahavato' means 'in his love', 'uvechemlato' means 'and in his compassion', 'hu' means 'he', 'gealhem' means 'redeemed them', 'veyenattelam' means 'and he sustained them', 'veyenasse'em' means 'and he bore them up', 'kol' means 'all', 'yemei' means 'days', 'olam' means 'eternity' or 'forever'. The divine titles are rendered literally: 'panav' refers to 'the face of God' (the presence of God), and the actions are attributed directly to God.
[ISA.63.10] And they were bitter and made angry the holy spirit, and he turned them into an enemy; he fought them. [§]
vehemmah maru ve'itzvu et-ruach kadosho vayehafech lahem le'oyev hu nilcham bam.
'vehemmah' means 'and they', 'maru' means 'were bitter', 've'itzvu' means 'and made angry', 'et-ruach' means 'the spirit', 'kadosho' means 'his holy' (referring to the Holy Spirit), 'vayehafech' means 'and he turned', 'lahem' means 'against them', 'le'oyev' means 'to an enemy', 'hu' means 'he', 'nilcham' means 'fought', 'bam' means 'against them'.
[ISA.63.11] And he remembered the days of forever, Moses his people: where is the one who lifts up from the sea the shepherds of his flock? Where is the one who placed within his midst the Holy Spirit? [§]
Vayizkor yemei olam Moshe amo ayee ha ma'alem mi yam et roei tzoano ayee ha sam bekerbo et ruach kadsho.
'Vayizkor' means 'and he remembered'; 'yemei' means 'the days of'; 'olam' means 'forever'; 'Moshe' is the name Moses; 'amo' means 'his people'; 'ayey' means 'where is'; 'ha' is the definite article 'the'; 'ma'alem' means 'the one who lifts up' or 'the one who raises'; 'mi' means 'from'; 'yam' means 'the sea'; 'et' is the accusative marker (no direct translation); 'roei' means 'the shepherds of'; 'tzoano' means 'his flock'; 'ayey' again means 'where is'; 'ha' again 'the'; 'sam' means 'the one who placed'; 'bekervo' means 'within his midst'; 'et' again marker; 'ruach' means 'spirit'; 'kadsho' means 'his holy' referring to the Holy Spirit.
[ISA.63.12] Turning to the right, Moses, his glorious arm splitting water before them, to give him an everlasting name. [§]
Molich liyamin Moshe zer'oa tifarto bokea mayim mif'neihem la'asot lo shem olam.
'Molich' means 'turning' or 'leading', 'liyamin' means 'to the right', 'Moshe' is the proper name Moses, 'zer'oa' means 'arm', 'tifarto' means 'his glory' or 'his splendor', 'bokea' means 'splitting' or 'breaking', 'mayim' means 'water', 'mif'neihem' means 'before them', 'la'asot' means 'to make' or 'to cause', 'lo' means 'for him', 'shem' means 'name', 'olam' means 'everlasting' or 'forever'.
[ISA.63.13] Those who lead you in the depths, like a horse in the desert, will not stumble. [§]
molikhem bat'hemot kassus bammidbar lo yikhashelu.
'molikhem' means 'those who lead you', 'bat'hemot' means 'in the depths', 'kassus' means 'like a horse', 'bammidbar' means 'in the desert', 'lo' means 'not', 'yikhashelu' means 'they will stumble'.
[ISA.63.14] Like a beast in the pit you will descend; the spirit of Yahveh will give you rest. Thus you have led your people to do for you a name of proclamation. [§]
kabehema babik'ah tered ruach Yahveh tenichenu ken nihagtah amkha laasot lekha shem tifaret.
'kabehema' means 'like a beast', 'babik'ah' means 'in the pit', 'tered' means 'you will descend', 'ruach' means 'spirit' or 'breath', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'tenichenu' means 'will give you rest', 'ken' means 'thus' or 'so', 'nihagtah' means 'you have behaved' or 'you have led', 'amkha' means 'your people', 'laasot' means 'to do' or 'to make', 'lekha' means 'for you', 'shem' means 'name', 'tifaret' is an idiom meaning 'a proclamation' or 'a boasting'.
[ISA.63.15] Look from the heavens and see your holy sanctuary and your splendor; where is your jealousy and your mighty deeds? The abundance is from you, and your mercies toward me have been withheld. [§]
habet mishamayim ure'eh mizboul kadesheka vetifartecha ayyeh kinatecha ugevurotecha hamon meeka verachamecha elai hitapaku.
'habet' means 'look' (imperative); 'mishamayim' means 'from the heavens'; 'ure'eh' means 'and see'; 'mizboul' means 'your sanctuary' (lit. 'place of appointed assembly'); 'kadesheka' means 'your holy (one)'; 'vetifartecha' means 'and your splendor'; 'ayyeh' means 'where'; 'kinatecha' means 'your jealousy' (often a divine attribute); 'ugevurotecha' means 'and your mighty deeds/power'; 'hamon' means 'the multitude' or 'abundance'; 'meeka' means 'from you'; 'verachamecha' means 'and your mercies'; 'elai' means 'to me'; 'hitapaku' means 'have been withheld' or 'are withheld'.
[ISA.63.16] Because you are our father, because Abraham did not know us and Israel does not recognize us, you Yahveh our father, our redeemer from eternity your name. [§]
Ki attah avinu ki Avraham lo yeda'nu veYisrael lo yakiranu attah Yahveh avinu go'aleinu me'olam shemecha.
'Ki' means 'because', 'attah' means 'you', 'avinu' means 'our father', 'Avraham' is the name 'Abraham', 'lo' means 'not', 'yeda'nu' means 'know us', 've' means 'and', 'Yisrael' is the name 'Israel', 'yakiranu' means 'recognize us', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'go'aleinu' means 'our redeemer', 'me'olam' means 'from eternity' or 'forever', 'shemecha' means 'your name'.
[ISA.63.17] Why do you make us, Yahweh, stumble from your ways, you harden our hearts from your fear, return for the sake of your servants, the tribes of your inheritance. [§]
Lamah tata'enu Yahweh mid'rachecha takshiyah libenu miyiratecha shuv lema'an avadecha shivtei nachalatecha.
'Lamah' means 'why', 'tata'enu' means 'you make us stumble', 'Yahweh' is the proper name of God, 'mid'rachecha' means 'from your ways', 'takshiyah' means 'you harden', 'libenu' means 'our heart', 'miyiratecha' means 'from your fear', 'shuv' means 'return', 'lema'an' means 'for the sake of', 'avadecha' means 'your servants', 'shivtei' means 'the tribes of', 'nachalatecha' means 'your inheritance'.
[ISA.63.18] For the dawn they will inherit your holy people; they established your sanctuary because of our trouble. [§]
lamitzar yarshu amkadeshecha tzareinu boseu mikdashecha.
'lamitzar' means 'for the dawn', 'yarshu' means 'they will inherit', 'amkadeshecha' means 'your holy people', 'tzareinu' means 'our trouble', 'boseu' means 'they established' or 'they built', 'mikdashecha' means 'your sanctuary'.
[ISA.63.19] We have been from eternity, you have not ruled over them; your name has not been called upon them; if you had cut the heavens, you would descend; from before you the mountains would melt. [§]
Hayinu me'olam lo-mashalta bam lo-nikra shimkha aleihem luo-kara'ta shamayim yaradta mippanecha harim nazlu.
'Hayinu' means 'we have been', 'me'olam' means 'from eternity', 'lo-mashalta' means 'you have not ruled', 'bam' means 'over them', 'lo-nikra' means 'not be called', 'shimkha' means 'your name', 'aleihem' means 'upon them', 'luo-kara'ta' means 'if you had cut', 'shamayim' means 'the heavens', 'yaradta' means 'you would descend', 'mippanecha' means 'from before you', 'harim' means 'the mountains', 'nazlu' means 'would melt'.
ISA.64
[ISA.64.1] Like a fire that devours the oppressors, water will be burned by fire to proclaim Yahveh to your adversaries; before you the nations will be terrified. [§]
kikdeach esh hamasim mayim tibeh-esh lehodia shimkha letzareikha mippaneikha goiym yirgazu.
'kikdeach' means 'like a fire that devours', 'esh' means 'fire', 'hamasim' means 'the oppressors', 'mayim' means 'water', 'tibeh-esh' means 'will be burned by fire', 'lehodia' means 'to proclaim' or 'to cause to know', 'shimkha' means 'your name' (referring to the divine name Yahveh), 'letzareikha' means 'to your adversaries', 'mippaneikha' means 'before you', 'goiym' means 'nations', 'yirgazu' means 'will be terrified' or 'will shudder'.
[ISA.64.2] Your marvelous deeds we do not expect; you descended, and before you the mountains melted. [§]
ba'asotekha noraot lo neqaveh yaradta mipanecha harim nazolu.
'ba''asotekha' means 'in your doing/creation', 'noraot' means 'wonderful' or 'marvelous', 'lo' means 'not', 'neqaveh' means 'we hope' or 'we expect', 'yaradta' means 'you descended' or 'you went down', 'mipanecha' means 'from before you' or 'in your presence', 'harim' means 'the mountains', 'nazolu' means 'they melted' or 'they poured down'.
[ISA.64.3] And from eternity they have not heard, they have not listened; the eye has not seen the Gods besides you; he will do for his waiting. [§]
umeolam lo shamu lo heezinu ayin lo raatah elohim zulatcha yaase limhakkhe lo.
'umeolam' means 'and from eternity', 'lo' means 'not', 'shamu' means 'they heard', 'lo' means 'not', 'heezinu' means 'they listened', 'ayin' means 'eye', 'lo' means 'not', 'raatah' means 'saw', 'elohim' means 'the Gods', 'zulatcha' means 'besides you' (literally 'other than you'), 'yaase' means 'he will do', 'limhakkhe' means 'for the waiting', 'lo' means 'of it' or 'for him'.
[ISA.64.4] You struck Sas and the doer of righteousness; in your ways they will remember you. Indeed you are angry and we have sinned among them forever, and we shall be saved. [§]
Pagat et-sas ve-oseh tzedek bi-drach-echa yizkeru-cha hen-atah katsaf-ta ve-necheta bahem olam ve-nivasha.
'Pagat' means 'you struck', 'et-sas' is a proper name 'Sas', 've-oseh' means 'and the doer of', 'tzedek' means 'righteousness', 'bi-drach-echa' means 'in your ways', 'yizkeru-cha' means 'they will remember you', 'hen-atah' means 'indeed you', 'katsaf-ta' means 'are angry', 've-necheta' means 'and we have sinned', 'bahem' means 'among them', 'olam' means 'forever', 've-nivasha' means 'and we shall be saved'.
[ISA.64.5] And we became as the impure, all of us, and as a garment of witnesses, all of our righteousness; and we have become like a calf, all of us, and our iniquity is like wind that will lift us. [§]
va-nehi ka-tamei kulanu u-keveged iddim kol-tzedkoteinu va-navel ke-aleh kulanu va-avoneinu ka-ruach yisauunu.
'va-nehi' means 'and we became', 'ka-tamei' means 'as the impure', 'kulanu' means 'all of us', 'u-keveged' means 'and as a garment', 'iddim' means 'of witnesses', 'kol-tzedkoteinu' means 'all of our righteousness', 'va-navel' means 'and we have become', 'ke-aleh' means 'like a calf', 'va-avoneinu' means 'and our iniquity', 'ka-ruach' means 'as wind', 'yisauunu' means 'will lift us' or 'will carry us'.
[ISA.64.6] And there is no one who calls your name, who awakens to hold you, because you have hidden your face from us and have turned us away by the hand of our sins. [§]
Ve'een koreh be-shimkha mit-orer le-hachazik bakh ki histarta panecha mimenu ve-tamugenu be-yad avoneinu.
'Ve'een' means 'and there is not', 'koreh' means 'one who calls', 'be-shimkha' means 'your name', 'mit-orer' means 'who awakens' or 'who is stirred', 'le-hachazik' means 'to hold onto', 'bakh' means 'you', 'ki' means 'because', 'histarta' means 'you have hidden', 'panecha' means 'your face', 'mimenu' means 'from us', 've-tamugenu' means 'and you have turned us away', 'be-yad' means 'by the hand of', 'avoneinu' means 'our sins'.
[ISA.64.7] Now Yahveh our Father, you are the clay and you who formed us, and the work of your hand is all of us. [§]
Ve'atah Yahveh avinu atah anachnu hachomer ve'atah yotserenu u'ma'aseh yadecha kullanu.
'Ve'atah' means 'now', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'avinu' means 'our Father', 'atah' means 'you', 'anachnu' means 'we', 'hachomer' means 'the clay', 've'atah' means 'and you', 'yotserenu' means 'who forms us', 'u'ma'aseh' means 'and the work', 'yadecha' means 'of your hand', 'kullanu' means 'all of us'.
[ISA.64.8] Do not be angry, Yahveh, to excess, and do not forever remember sin; behold, look please, your people, all of us. [§]
Al-tiketsef Yahveh ad-meod ve-al-la'ad tizkor avon. Hen habet-na amkha kullanu.
'Al' means 'Do not', 'tiketsef' means 'be angry', 'Yahveh' is the literal name for YHVH, 'ad' means 'to', 'meod' means 'great' or 'excess', 've' means 'and', 'al' means 'not', 'la'ad' means 'forever', 'tizkor' means 'remember', 'avon' means 'sin' or 'iniquity', 'hen' means 'behold', 'habet' means 'look' (imperative), 'na' adds a polite request 'please', 'amkha' means 'your people', and 'kullanu' means 'all of us'.
[ISA.64.9] The cities of your holiness have become a wilderness; Zion is a wilderness; Jerusalem was desolate. [§]
Arei kadshecha hayu midbar Tziyon midbar hayta Yerushalayim shemamah.
'Arei' means 'the cities of', 'kadshecha' means 'your holiness', 'hayu' means 'have become', 'midbar' means 'a wilderness' or 'desert', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion', the second 'midbar' repeats 'wilderness', 'hayta' means 'was', 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', and 'shemamah' means 'desolate' or 'ruinous'. No divine names appear in this verse, so no special name translations are needed.
[ISA.64.10] Our holy house and our glory, which our fathers praised Yahveh, was burnt with fire, and all our delights were for the sword. [§]
Beit kadsheinu ve'tif'arteinu asher hillulukha avoteinu haya li'srefat eish ve'chol mahmad'einu haya le'charvah.
'Beit' means 'house', 'kadsheinu' means 'our holy', together 'our holy house'. 've' means 'and', 'tif'arteinu' means 'our glory'. 'asher' means 'which' or 'that'. 'hillulukha' means 'praise you', with 'you' referring to Yahveh, so it is rendered as 'praise Yahveh'. 'avoteinu' means 'our fathers'. 'haya' means 'was' or 'became'. 'li'srefat' means 'to be burnt' or 'for burning'. 'eish' means 'fire'. 've' means 'and'. 'chol' means 'all'. 'mahmad'einu' means 'our delights' or 'our pleasures'. 'le' means 'for' or 'to'. 'charvah' means 'the sword'.
[ISA.64.11] Raise these; you shall be terrified, Yahveh; be silent and afflict us until very much. [§]
ha'al-elleh titapek Yahveh teheshe ut'aneinu ad-meod.
'ha'al' means 'raise' or 'lift up', 'elleh' means 'these', together 'ha'al-elleh' = 'raise these'. 'titapek' means 'you shall be terrified'. 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH. 'teheshe' means 'you will be silent' or 'you will become quiet'. 'ut'aneinu' combines 'u' ('and') with 'taneinu' ('they afflict us'), so it means 'and they afflict us'. 'ad' means 'until' or 'to', and 'meod' means 'greatly' or 'very much'.
ISA.65
[ISA.65.1] I have sought that they not ask; I was found that they have not sought me; I said, 'Here I am, here I am,' to a nation that does not call me by my name. [§]
Nidresh'ti lelo sha'alu nimtzeti lelo bik'shuni amarti hineni hineni el-goy lo kora bishmi.
'Nidresh'ti' means 'I have sought', 'lelo' means 'that not' or 'lest', 'sha'alu' means 'they ask', 'nimtzeti' means 'I was found', 'bik'shuni' means 'you have sought me', 'amarti' means 'I said', 'hineni' means 'here I am', repeated for emphasis, 'el-goy' means 'to a nation', 'lo' means 'not', 'kora' means 'call', 'bishmi' means 'by my name'.
[ISA.65.2] I have stretched out my hands all day toward a perverse people, those who walk a way that is not good according to their thoughts. [§]
Perashti yadai kol-hayom el-am sorer haholechim haderekh lo tov achar machshevotehem.
"Perashti" means "I have stretched out" (from the root for spreading), "yadai" means "my hands", "kol-hayom" means "all day" or "throughout the day", "el-am" means "to the people", "sorer" means "deviant" or "perverse", "haholechim" means "those who walk", "haderekh" means "the way" or "the path", "lo tov" means "not good", "achar" means "after" or "according to", "machshevotehem" means "their thoughts" or "their plans".
[ISA.65.3] The people who irritate me before me always sacrifice in the gardens and cut upon the stones. [§]
Ha am ha mak'isim oti al panai tamid zobchim ba ganot u mekatrim al halbenim.
'Ha' means 'the', 'am' means 'people', 'ha mak'isim' means 'who irritate' or 'who provoke', 'oti' means 'me', 'al panai' means 'before me' (i.e., in my presence), 'tamid' means 'always', 'zobchim' means 'they sacrifice', 'ba ganot' means 'in the gardens', 'u' means 'and', 'mekatrim' means 'they cut' or 'they harvest', 'al halbenim' means 'on the stones'. The phrase 'zobchim ba ganot' is an idiom for offering sacrifices in cultivated places, while 'mekatrim al halbenim' suggests violent or abrasive actions upon stone altars.
[ISA.65.4] The ones who sit in graves and in pits have perished, the eaters of pork and those who tear their limbs as their own. [§]
Hayyoshvim ba'kvarim u'vanetzurim yalinu ha'ochlim be'sar hachazir u'prak pigulim k'lehem.
'Hayyoshvim' means 'the ones who sit' or 'the seated'; 'ba'kvarim' means 'in graves'; 'u'vanetzurim' means 'and in pits'; 'yalinu' means 'they have fallen' or 'they have perished'; 'ha'ochlim' means 'the eaters'; 'be'sar' means 'of flesh'; 'hachazir' means 'the pig'; 'u'prak' means 'and the breaking' or 'and tearing'; 'pigulim' means 'limbs' or 'pieces' (literally 'broken parts'); 'k'lehem' means 'as their (own)'.
[ISA.65.5] The ones who say, 'Draw near to you,' do not approach me, for I have sanctified you; these are smoke in my breath, fire burning all day. [§]
Ha'omrim karav elicha al-tigash-bi ki kedash'tikha eleh ashan be'api esh yokdeit kol-hayom.
'Ha'omrim' means 'the ones who say', 'karav' means 'draw near', 'elicha' means 'to you', 'al-tigash-bi' means 'do not approach me', 'ki' means 'for', 'kedash'tikha' means 'I have sanctified you', 'eleh' means 'these', 'ashan' means 'smoke', 'be'api' means 'in my breath', 'esh' means 'fire', 'yokdeit' means 'burning', 'kol-hayom' means 'all day'.
[ISA.65.6] Behold, it is written before me: I will not conceal unless I have fully repaid, and I have fully repaid upon their bosoms. [§]
Hinneh ketubah lefanai lo echeshe ki im-shillamti ve-shillamti al-cheikam.
'Hinneh' means 'behold', 'ketubah' means 'written', 'lefanai' means 'before me', 'lo' means 'not', 'echeshe' means 'I will hide' or 'conceal', 'ki' means 'because' or 'if', 'im' means 'only if', 'shillamti' means 'I have repaid' (first occurrence), 've-shillamti' means 'and I have repaid' (second occurrence), 'al' means 'upon', 'cheikam' means 'their bosom' or 'their chest'.
[ISA.65.7] Your iniquities and the iniquities of your fathers together, says Yahveh, who have cut upon the mountains and upon the hills, have despised me, and my measures of their work were first upon their loins. [§]
avonoteichem veavonot avoteichem yachdav amar Yahveh asher kitru al-heharim ve'al-hagevaot cherpunii u-madoti peulatem rishona el-cheikhem.
'avonoteichem' means 'your iniquities', 'veavonot' means 'and the iniquities', 'avoteichem' means 'your fathers', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'asher' means 'who', 'kitru' means 'have cut', 'al' means 'upon', 'heharim' means 'the mountains', 've'al' means 'and upon', 'hagevaot' means 'the hills', 'cherpunii' means 'have despised me', 'u-madoti' means 'and my measures', 'peulatem' means 'their work', 'rishona' means 'first', 'el' means 'upon', 'cheikhem' means 'your loins'.
[ISA.65.8] Thus says Yahveh, as the wheat is found in the basket, and says, do not destroy it, because there is a blessing in it. So I will do this for the sake of my servants, lest I destroy all. [§]
Koh amar Yahveh ka'asher yimatse ha-tirosh ba-eshkol ve'amar al-tashchitehu ki beracha bo ken e'ese lema'an avadai levilti hashchit hakol.
'Koh' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'yimatse' means 'is found', 'ha-tirosh' means 'the wheat', 'ba-eshkol' means 'in the basket', 've'amar' means 'and said', 'al-tashchitehu' means 'do not destroy it', 'ki' means 'because', 'beracha' means 'blessing', 'bo' means 'in it', 'ken' means 'so', 'e'ese' means 'I will do', 'lema'an' means 'for the sake of', 'avadai' means 'my servants', 'levilti' means 'lest I', 'hashchit' means 'destroy', 'hakol' means 'all'.
[ISA.65.9] And I will bring forth from Jacob seed, and from Judah an heir of the mountain, and his heirs among the chosen, and my servants will dwell there. [§]
vehotzeeti miYaakov zera, umiYehudah yoresh harai, vireshuha bechirai, veavadai yishkenu shammah.
've' means 'and', 'hotzeeti' means 'I will bring forth', 'miYaakov' means 'from Jacob', 'zera' means 'seed' or 'offspring', 'umiYehudah' means 'and from Judah', 'yoresh' means 'he will inherit' or 'heir', 'harai' means 'the mountain' (literally 'the mountain'), 'vireshuha' means 'and his heirs', 'bechirai' means 'in the choicest' or 'among the chosen', 'veavadai' means 'and my servants', 'yishkenu' means 'will dwell' or 'will settle', 'shammah' means 'there'.
[ISA.65.10] And it shall be a plain for the pasture of a flock, and a bitter valley for the grazing of cattle for my people who have sought me. [§]
vehayah hasharon li nve tzoon ve eme q achor le revetz bakar le ammi asher drashuni.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'hasharon' means 'the plain', 'li' means 'for', 'nve' means 'pasture', 'tzoon' means 'of flock', 've' means 'and', 'emeq' means 'valley', 'achor' means 'bitter', 'le' means 'for', 'revetz' means 'grazing', 'bakar' means 'of cattle', 'le' means 'to', 'ammi' means 'my people', 'asher' means 'who', 'drashuni' means 'have sought me'.
[ISA.65.11] And you, abandoning Yahveh, the forgetters of my holy mountain, those who set a table for the great and fill the bowl from the covering. [§]
veatem ozvei Yahveh hashkechim et ha har kadoshi haorchim lagad shulchan vehamemal'im lameni mimsach.
'veatem' means 'and you', 'ozvei' means 'abandoning' or 'those who leave', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'hashkechim' means 'the forgetters', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'ha' means 'the', 'har' means 'mountain', 'kadoshi' means 'my holy', 'haorchim' means 'the ones who set up' or 'arrange', 'lagad' means 'for the great' or 'for the mighty', 'shulchan' means 'table', 'vehamemal'im' means 'and the ones who fill', 'lameni' means 'for the portion' or 'for the bowl', 'mimsach' means 'from the covering' or 'from the veil'.
[ISA.65.12] And I have set you for the sword, and all of you for the slaughter; you will bow because I called and you did not answer, I spoke and you did not listen, and you have done evil in my eyes and chose what I did not desire. [§]
u-maniti etkhem la-cher ev ve-chulkhem la-tevach tikra'u ya'an karati ve-lo anitem dibarti ve-lo shamatem vata'asu hara be-einai u-va'aser lo-chafatsi be-chartem.
'u' means 'and', 'maniti' means 'I have set' or 'appointed', 'etkhem' means 'you (plural object)', 'la-cher' means 'to the sword', 'ev' is a variant form of 'la-cher' (combined as 'lacherev'), 've-chulkhem' means 'and all of you', 'la-tevach' means 'to the slaughter', 'tikra\'u' means 'you will bow', 'ya'an' means 'because', 'karati' means 'I called', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'anitem' means 'you answered', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 'shamatem' means 'you heard', 'vata'asu' means 'and you did', 'hara' means 'the evil', 'be-einai' means 'in my eyes', 'u-va'aser' means 'and in that which', 'lo-chafatsi' means 'I did not desire', 'be-chartem' means 'you chose'. No divine name appears in this verse, so no special name translation is needed.
[ISA.65.13] Therefore thus says my Lord Yahveh: Behold my servants will eat, and you will hunger; Behold my servants will drink, and you will thirst; Behold my servants will rejoice, and you will be ashamed. [§]
lachen ko amar adonai yahveh hine avadi yokhlu veatem tiravu hine avadi yistu veatem titzmau hine avadi yismakhu veatem tevoshu.
'lachen' means 'therefore', 'ko' means 'thus', 'amar' means 'said', 'adonai' means 'my Lord', 'yahveh' is the personal name of God, 'hine' means 'behold', 'avadi' means 'my servants', 'yokhlu' means 'they will eat', 'veatem' means 'and you', 'tiravu' means 'will be hungry', 'yistu' means 'they will drink', 'titzmau' means 'will be thirsty', 'yismakhu' means 'they will rejoice', 'tevoshu' means 'you will be ashamed'.
[ISA.65.14] Behold my servants will sing from a good heart, and you will cry out from a painful heart, and from a broken spirit you will exult. [§]
Hineh avadai yarannu mit-tov lev ve-atem titzaku mi-ke'ev lev u-mishever ruach teyelilu.
'Hineh' means 'behold', 'avadai' means 'my servants', 'yarannu' means 'will sing' or 'will rejoice', 'mit-tov' means 'from good', 'lev' means 'heart', 've-atem' means 'and you', 'titzaku' means 'will cry out', 'mi-ke'ev' means 'from pain', 'u-mishever' means 'and from brokenness', 'ruach' means 'spirit' or 'wind', 'teyelilu' means 'will exult' or 'will rejoice'.
[ISA.65.15] And you will set your name as a covenant for my chosen, and Yahveh my Lord will kill you; and to his servants he will call another name. [§]
vehinakhtem shimkhem lishvuah livchirai vehemitekha Yahveh Adonai ve-la'avadav yikra shem acher.
'vehinakhtem' means 'and you will set', 'shimkhem' means 'your name', 'lishvuah' means 'as a covenant', 'livchirai' means 'for my chosen', 'vehemitekha' means 'and He will cause you to die', 'Yahveh' is the translation of YHVH, 'Adonai' means 'my Lord', 've-la'avadav' means 'and to his servants', 'yikra' means 'will call', 'shem' means 'a name', 'acher' means 'another'.
[ISA.65.16] Who the one who blesses in the land shall be blessed by the Gods Amen and the one who swears in the land shall be satisfied by the Gods Amen because they have forgotten the former troubles and because it was hidden from my eyes. [§]
Asher ha-mitbarekh ba-aretz yitbarekh be-Elohei Amen ve-hanishba ba-aretz yishava be-Elohei Amen ki nishkechu hatzarot hareishonot ve-ki nistera me-einai.
'Asher' means 'who' or 'that which'. 'ha-mitbarekh' means 'the one who blesses' (from the root bless). 'ba-aretz' means 'in the land'. 'yitbarekh' means 'shall be blessed'. 'be-Elohei' means 'by the Gods' (Elohim = the Gods). 'Amen' is a proper name here. 've-hanishba' means 'and the one who swears' (from the root swear). 'yishava' means 'shall be satisfied' or 'shall be fulfilled'. 'ki' means 'because'. 'nishkechu' means 'they have forgotten'. 'hatzarot' means 'the troubles' or 'afflictions'. 'hareishonot' means 'the former' or 'the earlier'. 've-ki' means 'and because'. 'nistera' means 'it was hidden' or 'it was concealed'. 'me-einai' means 'from my eyes'.
[ISA.65.17] Because, behold, I create new heavens and a new earth; and the former things shall not be remembered, nor shall they rise in the heart. [§]
Ki - hineni borei shamayim chadashim va'aretz chadasha velo tizzakharna ha'rishonot velo ta'aleinah al-lev.
'Ki' means 'because', 'hineni' means 'behold' or 'I am here', 'borei' means 'I create', 'shamayim' means 'heavens', 'chadashim' means 'new' (plural), 'va'aretz' means 'and earth', 'chadasha' means 'new' (feminine singular), 'velo' means 'and not' or 'nor', 'tizzakharna' means 'you shall remember' (future negative), 'ha'rishonot' means 'the former things', 'ta'aleinah' means 'you shall bring up' or 'shall arise in', 'al-lev' means 'upon the heart' or 'in the mind'.
[ISA.65.18] For if they shall rejoice and be glad forever, those whom I have created, for behold, I am the Creator of Jerusalem a rejoicing and its people a delight. [§]
Ki im sisu ve-gilu adei-ad asher ani borei ki hineni borei et-yerushalayim gila ve-ammah masos.
'Ki' means 'for', 'im' means 'if', 'sisu' means 'they shall rejoice', 've-gilu' means 'and be glad', 'adei-ad' means 'forever', 'asher' means 'that/whom', 'ani' means 'I', 'borei' means 'have created' (or 'am the Creator'), 'ki' means 'for', 'hineni' means 'behold', 'borei' again means 'I am the Creator', 'et-yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'gila' means 'joy/rejoicing', 've-ammah' means 'and its people', 'masos' means 'gladness/delight'.
[ISA.65.19] I will rejoice in Jerusalem and be glad with my people, and no longer will there be heard in it a voice of weeping nor a voice of a cry. [§]
vegalti birushalam ve-saseti ve-ammi velo-yishma bah od kol beki ve kol ze'aka.
'vegalti' means 'and I will rejoice', 'birushalam' means 'in Jerusalem', 've-saseti' means 'and I will be glad', 've-ammi' means 'with my people', 'velo-yishma' means 'and will not be heard', 'bah' means 'in it', 'od' means 'no more', 'kol' means 'voice' or 'sound', 'beki' means 'of weeping', 've' means 'and', 'kol' again means 'voice', 'ze'aka' means 'of a cry' or 'of a shout'.
[ISA.65.20] There will be no more an old man there, and an aged one who will not fill his days, because the youth of a hundred years will die, and the sinner of a hundred years will be cursed. [§]
Lo yihyeh misham od ayul yamim vezaken asher lo yemaleh et-yamav ki hanar ben-meah shanah yamut vehachota ben-meah shanah yekullal.
'Lo' means 'not', 'yihyeh' means 'will be', 'misham' means 'from there', 'od' means 'anymore', 'ayul' means 'a burden' (idiom for an old man), 'yamim' means 'days', 'vezaken' means 'and an aged one', 'asher' means 'who', 'lo' means 'not', 'yemaleh' means 'will fill', 'et-yamav' means 'his days', 'ki' means 'because', 'hanar' means 'the youth', 'ben-meah' means 'a hundred (years)', 'shanah' means 'year', 'yamut' means 'will die', 'vehachota' means 'and the sinner', 'yekullal' means 'will be cursed'.
[ISA.65.21] And they built houses and dwelt, and they planted vineyards and ate their fruit. [§]
Uvanu batim ve'yashavu ve'nat'u k'ramim ve'achlu piryam.
'Uvanu' means 'and they built', 'batim' means 'houses', 've'yashavu' means 'and they dwelt', 've'nat'u' means 'and they planted', 'k'ramim' means 'vineyards', 've'achlu' means 'and they ate', 'piryam' means 'their fruit'.
[ISA.65.22] They will not build, and another will sit; they will not plant, and another will eat, because as the days of the tree are the days of my people, and the work of their hands will be exhausted in my selection. [§]
Lo yivnu ve'acher yesev lo yitteu ve'acher yochal ki-kimay ha'ets yemei ami u'ma'ase yedeihem yeballu b'khiri.
'Lo' means 'not', 'yivnu' means 'they will build', 've'acher' means 'and another', 'yesev' means 'will sit', 'lo' means 'not', 'yitteu' means 'they will plant', 've'acher' means 'and another', 'yochal' means 'will eat', 'ki' means 'because', 'kimay' means 'as the days of', 'ha'ets' means 'the tree', 'yemei' means 'the days of', 'ami' means 'my people', 'u'ma'ase' means 'and the work of', 'yedeihem' means 'their hands', 'yeballu' means 'will be exhausted', 'b'khiri' means 'in my choice/selection'.
[ISA.65.23] They shall not walk in emptiness nor bear children in futility, because they are the seed of the blessed of Yahveh, and their offspring are with them. [§]
Lo yigu la rik ve lo yeldum la behala ki zera berukei Yahveh hemmah ve tzeetsaeihem itam.
'Lo' means 'not', 'yigu' means 'they shall walk' or 'go', 'la' means 'to', 'rik' (or 'riq') means 'emptiness' or 'futility', 've' means 'and', 'lo' again 'not', 'yeldum' means 'they shall bear children', 'la' again 'to', 'behala' means 'futility' or 'vain', 'ki' means 'because', 'zera' means 'seed' or 'offspring', 'berukei' means 'of the blessed', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH as instructed, 'hemmah' means 'they are', 've' means 'and', 'tzeetsaeihem' means 'their offspring', 'itam' means 'with them'.
[ISA.65.24] And it shall be, before they call, I will answer; yet they keep speaking, and I will listen. [§]
vehayah terem-yikra'u va'ani e'aneh od hem medaberim va'ani eshama.
'vehayah' means 'and it shall be', 'terem' means 'before', 'yikra\'u' means 'they call', 'va\'ani' means 'and I', 'e\'aneh' means 'will answer', 'od' means 'still' or 'yet', 'hem' means 'they', 'medaberim' means 'are speaking', 'va\'ani' means 'and I', 'eshama' means 'will hear' or 'will listen'.
[ISA.65.25] The wolf and the fox will graze together as one, and the lion like a calf will eat leather, and the serpent dust his bread; they will not graze and they will not destroy in all the holy mountain, says Yahveh. [§]
Ze'ev ve'tale yir'iu ke'echad ve'aryeh ka'bakar yokhal-teven ve'nachash afar lachmo lo-yarei ve'lo-yashchitu bechol-har kadshei amar Yahveh.
'Ze'ev' means 'wolf', 've'tale' means 'and fox', 'yir'iu' means 'will graze' (or metaphorically 'will lie down together'), 'ke'echad' means 'as one', 've'aryeh' means 'and lion', 'ka'bakar' means 'like a calf', 'yokhal-teven' means 'will eat leather', 've'nachash' means 'and serpent', 'afar' means 'dust', 'lachmo' means 'its bread', 'lo-yarei' means 'will not graze', 've'lo-yashchitu' means 'and will not destroy', 'bechol-har kadshei' means 'in all the holy mountain', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
ISA.66
[ISA.66.1] Thus says Yahveh, the heavens are My throne and the earth My footstool; where is this house that you will build for Me, and where is this place of My rest? [§]
Ko amar Yahveh ha-shamayim kis'i veha-aretz hadom raglay ey-zeh bayit asher tivnu li ve ey-zeh makom menuhati.
'Ko' means 'Thus', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal rendering of YHVH, 'ha-shamayim' means 'the heavens', 'kis'i' means 'my throne', 'veha-aretz' means 'and the earth', 'hadom' means 'my footstool', 'raglay' means 'my feet', 'ey-zeh' means 'where is this', 'bayit' means 'house', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'tivnu' means 'you will build', 'li' means 'for me', 've' means 'and', 'makom' means 'place', 'menuhati' means 'my rest'.
[ISA.66.2] And all these my hand made, and all these were, says Yahveh, and to this I will look at the poor and the exhausted spirit, and I will be alarmed over my word. [§]
ve'et kol eleh yadi asatah vayihyu kol eleh ne'um Yahveh ve'el zeh avit el 'ani uncheh ruach ve'charad al devari.
've' means 'and', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'kol' means 'all', 'eleh' means 'these', 'yadi' means 'my hand', 'asatah' means 'made' (literally 'has made'), 'vayihyu' means 'and they were', 'ne'um' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of the divine name YHVH, 've'el' means 'and to', 'zeh' means 'this', 'avit' means 'I will look' or 'I will examine', 'el' means 'to', ''ani' means 'the poor', 'uncheh' means 'exhausted' or 'weak', 'ruach' means 'spirit', 've'charad' means 'and trembling' or 'and I will be alarmed', 'al' means 'over' or 'concerning', 'devari' means 'my word'.
[ISA.66.3] The slaughterer of the ox, the striker of a man, the sacrificer of the ewe, the tearer of the dog, one who lifts an offering, blood of a pig, one who memorializes the white, blesses iniquity; also they chose their ways, and in their abominations their souls desired. [§]
shochet hashor makkeh-ish zoveach hasseh oref kelev ma'aleh minchah dam-chazir mazkir levnah mevarekh aven gam-hem bachru bedarkhehem uvshikutzeyhem nafsham chafetzah
'shochet' means 'slaughterer', 'hashor' means 'the ox', 'makkeh' means 'striker', 'ish' means 'man', 'zoveach' means 'sacrificer', 'hasseh' means 'the ewe/sheep', 'oref' means 'tearer' or 'one who rends', 'kelev' means 'dog', 'ma'aleh' means 'one who lifts' or 'raises', 'minchah' means 'offering', 'dam' means 'blood', 'chazir' means 'pig', 'mazkir' means 'remembrancer' or 'one who memorializes', 'levnah' means 'the white' (perhaps a reference to a white thing), 'mevarekh' means 'blesses', 'aven' means 'iniquity' or 'wickedness', 'gam-hem' means 'also they', 'bachru' means 'they chose', 'bedarkhehem' means 'in their ways', 'uvshikutzeyhem' means 'and in their abominations', 'nafsham' means 'their souls', 'chafetzah' means 'desired'.
[ISA.66.4] Even I will choose in their troubles and afflictions to bring something to them, because I called and there was no answer; I spoke and they did not listen, and they did evil in my sight, choosing what I did not desire. [§]
Gam-ani evchar be-ta'alulehem u-megurotam aviyah lehem ya'an karati ve-ein oneh dibarti ve-lo shameu vayasu ha-ra be-einai u-va-asher lo-chafatsi bacharu.
'Gam' means 'also' or 'even', 'ani' means 'I', 'evchar' means 'I will choose', 'be-ta'alulehem' means 'in their troubles', 'u-megurotam' means 'and in their afflictions', 'aviyah' means 'I will bring', 'lehem' means 'to them', 'ya'an' means 'because', 'karati' means 'I called', 've-ein' means 'and there is not', 'oneh' means 'answer', 'dibarti' means 'I spoke', 've-lo' means 'and not', 'shameu' means 'they heard', 'vayasu' means 'and they did', 'ha-ra' means 'the evil', 'be-einai' means 'in my eyes', 'u-va-asher' means 'and in that which', 'lo-chafatsi' means 'I did not desire', 'bacharu' means 'they chose'.
[ISA.66.5] Listen to the word Yahveh, the terrified to his word; they said, 'Your brothers, your haters, your adversaries— for my name may Yahveh be honored, and we shall see in your joy, and they shall be ashamed.' [§]
Shimu devar-Yahveh ha-charedim el-devaro amru aheichem soneichem menaddeichem lema'an shemi yikhbad Yahveh ve-nireh be-simchatechem ve-hem yevosh.
'Shimu' means 'listen', 'devar' means 'word', 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of the divine name YHVH and is rendered as 'Yahveh', 'ha' is the definite article meaning 'the', 'charedim' means 'the terrified' or 'the awe‑stricken', 'el' means 'to', 'devro' means 'his word', 'amru' means 'they said', 'aheichem' means 'your brothers', 'soneichem' means 'your haters', 'menaddeichem' means 'your adversaries', 'lema'an' means 'for the sake of', 'shemi' means 'my name', 'yikhbad' means 'may be honored', 've' means 'and', 'nireh' means 'we will see', 'be' means 'in', 'simchatechem' means 'your joy', 'hem' means 'they', 'yevosh' means 'will be ashamed'.
[ISA.66.6] Voice of thunder from the city, voice from the temple, voice of Yahveh pays recompense to his enemies. [§]
Kol shaon me'ir Kol meheikal Kol Yahveh meshalem gmul leoyevav.
'Kol' means 'voice', 'shaon' means 'thunder', 'me'ir' means 'from the city', the second 'Kol' again means 'voice', 'meheikal' means 'from the temple', the third 'Kol' again means 'voice', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'meshalem' means 'pays' or 'repays', 'gmul' means 'reward' or 'recompense', 'leoyevav' means 'to his enemies'.
[ISA.66.7] Before she conceived, before a male descendant came to her, she gave birth to a male. [§]
be terem tachil yalda be terem yavo chevel lah vehimlita zakar.
'be' means 'in' or 'before', 'terem' means 'the time' or 'before', together 'be terem' means 'before'. 'tachil' means 'she would conceive'. 'yalda' means 'she gives birth'. 'yavo' means 'will come'. 'chevel' means 'a member of the family, a descendant'. 'lah' means 'to her'. 'vehimlita' means 'and she gave birth'. 'zakar' means 'a male'.
[ISA.66.8] Who has heard such? Who has seen such? Will the land be changed in one day? If a nation is born only once, for Zion also has been afflicted and also has given birth to her children. [§]
Mi shama kazo't mi ra'ah ka'eleh hayuchal eretz be yom echad im yivaled goy pa'am echat ki chalah gam yaldah Tziyon et baneha.
'Mi' means 'who', 'shama' means 'heard', 'kazo't' means 'such', 'ra'ah' means 'saw', 'ka'eleh' means 'like these', 'hayuchal' means 'will be changed' or 'will be turned', 'eretz' means 'land' or 'earth', 'be yom' means 'in a day', 'echad' means 'one', 'im' means 'if', 'yivaled' means 'is born', 'goy' means 'nation', 'pa'am' means 'once', 'echat' means 'only', 'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'chalah' means 'has been afflicted' or 'has become ill', 'gam' means 'also', 'yaldah' means 'has given birth', 'Tziyon' means 'Zion', 'et' is the direct object marker, 'baneha' means 'her children'.
[ISA.66.9] I will bring ruin and not bear, says Yahveh, if I am the one who gives birth and I have stopped, says your God. [§]
ha'ani ashbir velo olid yomar Yahveh im ani hamolid veatzarti amar eloheyich.
'ha'ani' means 'I', 'ashbir' means 'will bring ruin' or 'will be barren', 'velo' means 'and not', 'olid' means 'I will bear', 'yomar' means 'he says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'im' means 'if', 'ani' means 'I', 'hamolid' means 'the one who gives birth', 'veatzarti' means 'and I have stopped', 'amar' means 'said', 'eloheyich' means 'your God' (from Elohim, literally 'the Gods', here singular with a possessive suffix).
[ISA.66.10] Rejoice over Jerusalem and be glad in it, all its lovers; rejoice with it in gladness, all the mourners over it. [§]
Simchu et-Yerushalayim ve-gilu bah kol-oheveha sisu itah mashos kol-hamita'vlim aleha.
'Simchu' means 'rejoice', 'et' is the direct object marker (unspecified in English), 'Yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 've-gilu' means 'and be glad', 'bah' means 'in it', 'kol' means 'all', 'oheveha' means 'its lovers' (those who love it), 'sisu' means 'rejoice', 'itah' means 'with it', 'mashos' means 'in gladness' or 'with joy', 'kol-hamita'vlim' means 'all the mourners', and 'aleha' means 'over it' or 'upon it'.
[ISA.66.11] For the purpose that you may drink and be satisfied from her sorrow's consolation, that you may be sustained and enjoy her glory. [§]
lema'an tin'ku ushevattem mishod tanchumeha lema'an tamotzu vehit'anagtem miziz kevodah.
'lema'an' means 'for the purpose of', 'tin'ku' means 'you may drink', 'ushevattem' means 'and you may be satisfied', 'mishod' means 'from sorrow', 'tanchumeha' means 'its consolation', 'lema'an' means 'for the purpose of', 'tamotzu' means 'you may be sustained', 'vehit'anagtem' means 'and you may enjoy', 'miziz' means 'from the overflow', 'kevodah' means 'her glory'.
[ISA.66.12] For thus says Yahveh, Behold, I will stretch out to her like a river of peace and like a stream washing the glory of the nations, and they will be humbled; on the side you will be lifted up, and on your knees you will tremble. [§]
ki-ko amar Yahveh hineni noteh-aleha kenahar shalom ukenachal shoteif kevod goyim vinaktem al-tzad tinnaseu ve'al birkayyim teshashshu.
'ki' means 'for', 'ko' means 'thus'; 'amar' means 'said'; 'Yahveh' is the transliteration of YHVH and translates as Yahveh; 'hineni' means 'behold' or 'I am here'; 'noteh-aleha' means 'I will stretch out to her'; 'kenahar' means 'like a river'; 'shalom' means 'peace'; 'ukenachal' means 'and like a stream'; 'shoteif' means 'washing'; 'kevod' means 'glory'; 'goyim' means 'nations'; 'vinaktem' means 'they will be humbled' (or 'they will be humbled and subdued'); 'al-tzad' means 'on the side'; 'tinnaseu' means 'you will be lifted up'; 've'al' means 'and on'; 'birkayyim' means 'your knees'; 'teshashshu' means 'you will tremble'.
[ISA.66.13] Like a man whose mother will comfort him, so I will comfort you, and in Jerusalem you will be comforted. [§]
ke-ishi asher imo tenachamenu ken anochi anachemchem u-viYerushalem tenuchamu.
'ke-ishi' means 'like a man', 'asher' means 'who', 'imo' means 'his mother', 'tenachamenu' means 'will comfort him', 'ken' means 'so' or 'thus', 'anochi' means 'I', 'anachemchem' means 'will comfort you (plural)', 'u-viYerushalem' means 'and in Jerusalem', 'tenuchamu' means 'you will be comforted (plural)'.
[ISA.66.14] And you will see, and your hearts will rejoice, and your bones will flourish like grass; and the hand of Yahveh will be known to His servants, and He will be angry against His enemies. [§]
U-re'item ve-sas levchem ve-atzmoteychem ka-desha tifrachna ve-nod'ah yad Yahveh et avadav ve-zaam et oyvav.
'U-re'item' means 'and you will see', 've-sas' means 'and rejoice', 'levchem' means 'your hearts', 've-atzmoteychem' means 'and your bones', 'ka-desha' means 'like grass', 'tifrachna' means 'will flourish', 've-nod'ah' means 'and will be known', 'yad Yahveh' means 'the hand of Yahveh', 'et avadav' means 'to His servants', 've-zaam' means 'and He will be angry', 'et oyvav' means 'against His enemies'.
[ISA.66.15] For behold Yahveh will come in fire, and his chariots will be a covering, to turn his anger with fury and his wrath in the flames of fire. [§]
Ki hi-neh Yahveh ba-esh yavo ve-kasufa markavotav le-hasiv bechemah appo ve-ga'arato be-lahavei-esh.
'Ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'hi-neh' means 'behold', 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHWH, 'ba-esh' means 'in fire', 'yavo' means 'he will come', 've-kasufa' means 'and a covering' (referring to the chariots as a covering), 'markavotav' means 'his chariots', 'le-hasiv' means 'to turn' or 'to turn back', 'bechemah' means 'in fury' or 'with wrath', 'appo' means 'his anger', 've-ga'arato' means 'and his wrath', 'be-lahavei-esh' means 'in the flames of fire'.
[ISA.66.16] For in fire Yahveh will judge, and with his sword all flesh, and many are the profaned of Yahveh. [§]
Ki ba'esh Yahveh nishpat uvecharbehu et-kol-basar ve'rabu challei Yahveh.
'Ki' means 'for', 'ba'esh' means 'in fire', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH, 'nishpat' means 'will judge', 'uvecharbehu' means 'and with his sword', 'et-kol-basar' means 'all flesh', 've'rabu' means 'and many', 'challei' means 'the profaned' or 'those who profane', 'Yahveh' repeats the divine name.
[ISA.66.17] The sanctifiers and the cleansers go to the gardens one after another inside pork eaters, the detestable and the worm together will be added, says Yahveh. [§]
ha-mitkaddeshim ve-ha-mitah'rim el-hagannot acher achad ba-tavekh okhlei bsar hachazir ve-hashkets ve-haakvar yachdav yasuppu ne'um-Yahveh
'ha-mitkaddeshim' means 'the sanctifiers', 've-ha-mitah'rim' means 'and the cleansers', 'el-hagannot' means 'to the gardens', 'acher achad' means 'one after another', 'ba-tavekh' means 'inside', 'okhlei bsar hachazir' means 'eaters of pork flesh', 've-hashkets' means 'and the detestable', 've-haakvar' means 'and the worm', 'yachdav' means 'together', 'yasuppu' means 'they will be added', 'ne'um-Yahveh' means 'says Yahveh' (YHVH rendered as Yahveh).
[ISA.66.18] And I am their deeds and their thoughts; I will bring together all the nations and the languages, and they will come and see My glory. [§]
Ve'anokhi ma'aseihem u'machsh'vot'eihem ba'ah le'kabetz et-kol ha-goyim vehal'shonot u'ba'u ve'ra'u et-k'vodi.
'Ve'anokhi' means 'and I', 'ma'aseihem' means 'their deeds/works', 'u'machsh'vot'eihem' means 'and their thoughts/plans', 'ba'ah' means 'will bring', 'le'kabetz' means 'to gather', 'et-kol' means 'all', 'ha-goyim' means 'the nations', 'vehal'shonot' means 'and the languages/tongues', 'u'ba'u' means 'and they will come', 've'ra'u' means 'and they will see', 'et-k'vodi' means 'my glory' (referring to God).
[ISA.66.19] And I will put a sign among them, and I will send from them fugitives to the nations—Tarshish, Pul, Lud, the archers of the bow, Tubal and Javan, the far‑off peoples who have not heard my voice and have not seen my glory, and they will proclaim my glory among the nations. [§]
v'samti bahem ot v'shillahti mehem peleitim el-hagoyim tarshish pul v'luud moshekei keshet tubal v'yan ha'iyim harchoqim asher lo-shamu et-shimi v'lo-ra'u et-kvodi v'higidu et-kvodi bagoyim.
'v'samti' means 'and I will put', 'bahem' means 'among them', 'ot' means 'a sign', 'v'shillahti' means 'and I will send', 'mehem' means 'from them', 'peleitim' means 'fugitives' or 'refugees', 'el-hagoyim' means 'to the nations', 'Tarshish', 'Pul', 'Lud' are names of distant peoples, 'moshekei' means 'archers' or 'carriers', 'keshet' means 'of the bow', 'Tubal' and 'Javan' are other nation names, 'ha'iyim' means 'the peoples', 'harchoqim' means 'far-off', 'asher' means 'who', 'lo-shamu' means 'did not hear', 'et-shimi' means 'my hearing' (referring to God's voice), 'v'lo-ra'u' means 'and did not see', 'et-kvodi' means 'my glory', 'v'higidu' means 'and they will proclaim', 'bagoyim' means 'among the nations'.
[ISA.66.20] And they shall bring all your brothers from all the nations as an offering to Yahveh on horses, on chariots, on the troops, on war‑chariots, and on wheels upon the holy mountain of Jerusalem, says Yahveh, as the children of Israel bring the offering in a clean vessel to the house of Yahveh. [§]
veheviu et kol ahekhem mikol hagoyim minchah laYahveh basusim u'verekhev u'vetzabim u'veperadim u'vekarkarot al har kadshei yerushalayim amar Yahveh ka'asher yaviu b'nei Yisrael et haminchah bikheli tahor beit Yahveh.
'veheviu' means 'they shall bring', 'et' is the direct object marker 'the', 'kol' means 'all', 'ahekhem' means 'your brothers', 'mikol' means 'from all', 'hagoyim' means 'the nations', 'minchah' means 'offering', 'laYahveh' means 'to Yahveh', 'basusim' means 'on horses', 'u'verekhev' means 'and on chariots', 'u'vetzabim' means 'and on the troops', 'u'veperadim' means 'and on war‑chariots', 'u'vekarkarot' means 'and on wheels', 'al har kadshei' means 'upon the holy mountain', 'yerushalayim' means 'Jerusalem', 'amar' means 'said', 'Yahveh' is the translation of the divine name YHVH, 'ka'asher' means 'as', 'yaviu' means 'they bring', 'b'nei Yisrael' means 'the children of Israel', 'et haminchah' means 'the offering', 'bikheli tahor' means 'in a clean vessel', 'beit Yahveh' means 'the house of Yahveh'.
[ISA.66.21] And also from them I will take for the priests for the Levites, says Yahveh. [§]
vegam-mehem ekach lakohanim lalvim amar Yahveh.
'vegam' means 'and also', 'mehem' means 'from them', 'ekach' means 'I will take', 'lakohanim' means 'for the priests', 'lalvim' means 'for the Levites', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[ISA.66.22] For as the new heavens and the new earth which I am making stand before me says Yahveh, thus shall your seed and your name stand. [§]
ki ka'aser hashamayim hachadashim vehaaretz hachadasha asher ani oseh omdim lefanai ne'um YHWH ken yaamod zarachem veshimechem.
'ki' means 'for' or 'because', 'ka'aser' means 'as' or 'like what', 'hashamayim' means 'the heavens', 'hachadashim' means 'the new (masculine plural)', 'vehaaretz' means 'and the earth', 'hachadasha' means 'the new (feminine singular)', 'asher' means 'that/which', 'ani' means 'I', 'oseh' means 'am making' or 'do', 'omdim' means 'standing' (plural), 'lefanai' means 'before me', 'ne'um YHWH' means 'says Yahveh', 'ken' means 'thus' or 'so', 'yaamod' means 'shall stand', 'zarachem' means 'your seed' or 'your offspring', 'veshimechem' means 'and your name'.
[ISA.66.23] And it shall be, at the beginning of the month in its first day, and at the beginning of the Sabbath in its Sabbath day, all flesh shall come to bow down before me, says Yahveh. [§]
ve-hayah midde chodesh be-chadsho u-midde shabbat be-shabbato yavo kol-basar le-hishtachavot le-fani amar Yahveh.
've-hayah' means 'and it shall be', 'midde' means 'at the beginning of', 'chodesh' means 'month', 'be-chadsho' means 'in its first day', 'u-midde' means 'and at the beginning of', 'shabbat' means 'Sabbath', 'be-shabbato' means 'in its Sabbath day', 'yavo' means 'shall come', 'kol-basar' means 'all flesh', 'le-hishtachavot' means 'to bow down' or 'to worship', 'le-fani' means 'before me', 'amar' means 'says', 'Yahveh' is the literal translation of YHVH.
[ISA.66.24] And they went out and saw in the corpses the men the transgressors in me because their wickedness will not die and their fire will not be extinguished and they shall be a torch for all flesh. [§]
ve-yatze'u ve-ra'u be-pigrei ha-anashim ha-posha'im bi ki tola'tam lo tamut ve-isham lo tikhbeh ve-hayu deron le-khol-basar.
've-yatze'u' means 'and they went out', 've-ra'u' means 'and they saw', 'be-pigrei' means 'in the corpses', 'ha-anashim' means 'the men', 'ha-posha'im' means 'the transgressors', 'bi' means 'in me', 'ki' means 'because', 'tola'tam' means 'their wickedness', 'lo' means 'not', 'tamut' means 'die', 've-isham' means 'and their fire', 'lo' means 'not', 'tikhbeh' means 'be extinguished', 've-hayu' means 'and they shall be', 'deron' means 'a torch', 'le-khol-basar' means 'for all flesh'.