GAL (Saint Paul's letter to the Galatians)
GAL.1 • GAL.2 • GAL.3 • GAL.4 • GAL.5 • GAL.6
GAL.1
[GAL.1.1] Paul, an apostle not from men nor by a man, but through Jesus Christ and God the Father who raised him from the dead. [§]
Pavlos apostolos ouk ap anthropon oude di anthropou alla dia Iesou Christou kai theou patros tou egeirantos auton ek nekron
'Pavlos' means 'Paul', 'apostolos' means 'apostle', 'ouk' means 'not', 'ap' means 'from', 'anthropon' means 'men' (people), 'oude' means 'nor', 'di' means 'by' or 'through', 'anthropou' means 'man', 'alla' means 'but', 'dia' means 'through', 'Iesou' means 'Jesus', 'Christou' means 'Christ', 'kai' means 'and', 'theou' means 'God', 'patros' means 'Father', 'tou' is a definite article 'the', 'egeirantos' means 'who raised', 'auton' means 'him', 'ek' means 'from', 'nekron' means 'the dead'.
[GAL.1.2] And all the brethren with me, to the churches of Galatia. [§]
kai hoi sun emoi pantes adelphoi tais ekklesiais tes Galatias
'kai' means 'and', 'hoi' means 'the' (masc plural), 'sun' means 'with', 'emoi' means 'me', 'pantes' means 'all', 'adelphoi' means 'brothers' or 'brethren', 'tais' means 'the' (fem plural dative), 'ekklesiais' means 'churches' (dative plural), 'tes' means 'of' (genitive fem singular), 'Galatias' means 'Galatia'.
[GAL.1.3] Grace to you and peace from God our Father and Lord Jesus Christ. [§]
charis hymin kai eirene apo theou patros hemon kai kyriou Iesou Christou
'charis' means 'grace', 'hymin' means 'to you', 'kai' means 'and', 'eirene' means 'peace', 'apo' means 'from', 'theou' means 'God', 'patros' means 'father', 'hemon' means 'our', 'kyriou' means 'Lord', 'Iesou' means 'Jesus', 'Christou' means 'Christ'.
[GAL.1.4] of him who gave himself for our sins, so that he might rescue us from the present age of evil according to the will of God and our Father. [§]
tou dontos heauton hyper ton hamartion hemon, hopos exeleta hemas ek tou aionos tou enestotos ponero kata to thelema tou theou kai patros hemon,
'tou' means 'of the', 'dontos' means 'giver' (genitive of 'donta' - one who gives), 'heauton' means 'himself', 'hyper' means 'for' or 'on behalf of', 'ton' means 'the' (accusative plural), 'hamartion' means 'sins', 'hemon' means 'our', 'hopos' means 'that' or 'so that', 'exeleta' means 'might rescue' or 'might deliver', 'hemas' means 'us', 'ek' means 'from', 'tou' again 'of the', 'aionos' means 'age', 'tou' again 'the', 'enestotos' means 'present' (the current), 'ponero' means 'evil', 'kata' means 'according to', 'to' means 'the', 'thelema' means 'will', 'tou' means 'of the', 'theou' means 'God', 'kai' means 'and', 'patros' means 'Father', 'hemon' means 'our'.
[GAL.1.5] To Him be the glory forever and ever, amen. [§]
ho he doxa eis tous aionas ton aionon, amen.
'ho' means 'to Him' (dative masculine singular of the relative pronoun), 'he' is the definite article 'the', together they introduce the dative phrase 'to Him'. 'doxa' means 'glory'. 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', introducing a direction. 'tous' is the definite article 'the' (plural masculine accusative). 'aionas' means 'ages' (plural accusative, the object of 'eis'). 'ton' is the definite article 'the' (plural genitive). 'aionon' means 'ages' (plural genitive), forming the idiom 'ton aionon' = 'of the ages'. The phrase 'eis tous aionas ton aionon' is a common biblical expression meaning 'forever and ever'. 'amen' means 'truly' or 'so be it', a solemn affirmation.
[GAL.1.6] I marvel that you so quickly turn away from the one who called you in grace Christ into another gospel. [§]
Thaumazo hoti houtos tacheos metatithesthe apo tou kalesantos humas en chariti Christou eis heteron euangelion
'Thaumazo' means 'I marvel', 'hoti' means 'that', 'houtos' means 'thus' or 'in such a way', 'tacheos' means 'quickly' or 'swiftly', 'metatithesthe' means 'you are being turned' or 'you turn away', 'apo' means 'from', 'tou' means 'the', 'kalesantos' means 'the one who called', 'humas' means 'you' (plural), 'en' means 'in', 'chariti' means 'grace', 'Christou' means 'Christ', 'eis' means 'into', 'heteron' means 'another', 'euangelion' means 'gospel' or 'good news'. The phrase 'the one who called' refers to the divine caller, but the text does not use a specific divine name, so it is rendered literally.
[GAL.1.7] There is nothing else, unless some are those who trouble you and wish to change the gospel of Christ. [§]
ho ouk estin allo, ei me tines eisin hoi tarassontes humas kai thelontes metastrepsai to euangelion tou Christou.
'ho' means 'which' or 'that'; 'ouk' means 'not'; 'estin' means 'is'; 'allo' means 'other'; 'ei' means 'if'; 'me' is a negative conjunction used with 'ei' to mean 'unless'; 'tines' means 'some' or 'any'; 'eisin' means 'are'; 'hoi' is the masculine plural article 'the'; 'tarassontes' is a present active participle meaning 'those who trouble'; 'humas' means 'you' (plural); 'kai' means 'and'; 'thelontes' is a present active participle meaning 'desiring' or 'wishing'; 'metastrepsai' is the infinitive meaning 'to change' or 'to corrupt'; 'to' is the neuter article 'the'; 'euangelion' means 'gospel'; 'tou' is the genitive article 'of'; 'Christou' is the genitive of 'Christ', meaning 'of Christ'.
[GAL.1.8] But even if we or an angel from heaven proclaim the good news to you according to what we have proclaimed to you, let it be cursed. [§]
alla kai ean hemeis e aggelos ex ouranou euaggelizetai humin par' ho euaggelisametha humin, anathema esto.
'alla' means 'but', 'kai' means 'and' or 'even', 'ean' means 'if', 'hemeis' means 'we', 'e' (the enclitic form of 'ē') means 'or', 'aggelos' means 'angel', 'ex' means 'from', 'ouranou' means 'heaven', 'euaggelizetai' means 'preaches the good news', 'humin' means 'to you' (dative plural), 'par'' is a contraction of 'para' meaning 'according to', 'ho' means 'that which', 'euaggelisametha' means 'we have proclaimed', another 'humin' again means 'to you', 'anathema' means 'cursed', 'esto' means 'let it be'.
[GAL.1.9] As we have already said and now again I say: if anyone preaches to you the gospel contrary to what you have received, let it be cursed. [§]
hos proeirēkamen kai arti palin lego; ei tis humas euangelizetai par ho parelabete, anathema esto.
'hos' means 'as', 'proeirēkamen' means 'we have previously said', 'kai' means 'and', 'arti' means 'just now', 'palin' means 'again', 'lego' means 'I say', 'ei' means 'if', 'tis' means 'anyone', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'euangelizetai' means 'preaches the gospel', 'par' (short for 'para') means 'by' or 'against', 'ho' means 'what', 'parelabete' means 'you have received', 'anathema' means 'cursed', 'esto' means 'let it be'.
[GAL.1.10] Now I persuade people rather than God? Or do I seek to please people? If I still pleased people, I would not be a servant of Christ. [§]
Arti gar anthropous peitho e ton theon? e zetō anthropois areskein? ei eti anthropois erēskon, Christou doulos ouk an emen.
'Arti' means 'now' or 'just now', 'gar' means 'for' (introducing a reason), 'anthropous' is the accusative plural of 'anthropos' meaning 'people' (as the object of persuasion), 'peitho' means 'I persuade' or 'I convince', 'e' means 'or', 'ton theon' is the accusative of 'theos' meaning 'God' (translated literally as 'God'), 'zetō' means 'I seek' or 'I ask', 'anthropois' is the dative plural of 'anthropos' meaning 'to people' or 'for people', 'areskein' means 'to please' (infinitive), 'ei' means 'if', 'eti' means 'still' or 'yet', 'anthropois' again dative 'to people', 'erēskon' (erēskon) means 'I pleased' or 'I was pleasing', 'Christou' is the genitive of 'Christos' meaning 'of Christ' (kept as 'Christ'), 'doulos' means 'servant' or 'bondservant', 'ouk' means 'not', 'an' is a modal particle meaning 'would', and 'emen' means 'I was' or 'I would be'.
[GAL.1.11] For I am making known to you, brothers, the gospel that I have proclaimed, that it is not according to man. [§]
Gnorizo gar hymin, adelphoi, to euangelion to euangelisthe n hy po' emou hoti ouk estin kata anthropon.
'Gnorizo' means 'I make known', 'gar' means 'for', 'hymin' means 'to you', 'adelphoi' means 'brothers', 'to' is the article 'the', 'euangelion' means 'gospel', the second 'to' is again 'the', 'euangelisthe n' means 'that which has been proclaimed', 'hy po' emou' means 'by me', 'hoti' means 'that', 'ouk' means 'not', 'estin' means 'is', 'kata' means 'according to', 'anthropon' means 'human' or 'man'.
[GAL.1.12] For not even I received it from a man, nor was I taught, but through the revelation of Jesus Christ. [§]
oude gar ego para anthrōpou parelabon auto oute edidachthin, alla di' apokalyseōs Iēsou Christou.
'oude' means 'not even', 'gar' means 'for', 'ego' means 'I', 'para' means 'from', 'anthrōpou' means 'a man', 'parelabon' means 'received', 'auto' means 'it', 'oute' means 'nor', 'edidachthin' means 'was taught', 'alla' means 'but', 'di'' is a contraction of 'dia' meaning 'through', 'apokalyseōs' means 'revelation', 'Iēsou' is the name 'Jesus', 'Christou' is 'Christ' (the anointed one).
[GAL.1.13] For you have heard my reversal once in Judaism, that they, in excess, persecuted the church of God and were destroying it. [§]
Eekousate gar ten emen anastrophen pote en to Ioudaismo, hoti kath' hyperbolen edion ten ekklesian tou theou kai eporthoun auten
'Eekousate' means 'you have heard', 'gar' means 'for', 'ten' means 'the' (accusative feminine singular), 'emen' means 'my', 'anastrophen' means 'turning' or 'reversal', 'pote' means 'once', 'en' means 'in', 'to' means 'the' (dative masculine singular), 'Ioudaismo' means 'Judaism', 'hoti' means 'that', 'kath'' means 'by' or 'to the extent of', 'hyperbolen' means 'excess' or 'exaggeration', 'edion' means 'they pursued' or 'they persecuted', 'ten' again means 'the', 'ekklesian' means 'church', 'tou' means 'of the', 'theou' means 'God' (translated as 'God'), 'kai' means 'and', 'eporthoun' means 'they were destroying', 'auten' means 'it' (referring to the church).
[GAL.1.14] And I was foremost in Judaism among many of my peers in my own lineage, being especially zealous for my paternal traditions. [§]
kai proekopton en to Ioudaismo hyper pollous sunelikotes en to genei mou, perissoteros zealotes hyparchon ton patrikon mou paradoseon.
'kai' means 'and'; 'proekopton' is a participle meaning 'was foremost' or 'was preeminent'; 'en' means 'in' or 'within'; 'to Ioudaismo' means 'the Judaism'; 'hyper' means 'for' or 'over'; 'pollous' means 'many'; 'sunelikotes' (genitive plural of 'sunelikos') means 'of peers' or 'of fellow‑aged persons'; 'en' again means 'in'; 'to genei mou' means 'my lineage' or 'my family'; 'perissoteros' means 'more especially' or 'to a greater degree'; 'zealotes' (noun from 'zelos') means 'zeal' or 'a zealous one'; 'hyparchon' means 'existing' or 'being'; 'ton patrikon mou' means 'my paternal' (literally 'of my fathers'); 'paradoseon' means 'traditions' or 'teachings'.
[GAL.1.15] When, however, God was pleased, the one who set me apart from my mother's womb and called me by his grace. [§]
Hote de eudokisen ho theos ho aforisas me ek koilias meters mou kai kalesas dia tes charitos autou
"Hote" means "when"; "de" means "however" or "but"; "eudokisen" means "he was pleased"; "ho theos" means "the God" (translated as "God"); "ho" is the definite article "the"; "aforisas" is a participle meaning "having set apart"; "me" means "me"; "ek" means "from"; "koilias" means "the womb"; "meters" means "mother"; "mou" means "my"; "kai" means "and"; "kalesas" means "having called"; "dia" means "by"; "tes" is the genitive article "the"; "charitos" means "grace"; "autou" means "his".
[GAL.1.16] To reveal his Son in me, so that I may proclaim Him among the nations, I did not immediately present Him in flesh and blood. [§]
apokalypsai ton huion autou en emoi, hina euangelizomai auton en tois ethnESin, eutheos ou prosanethemen sarki kai haimati
'apokalypsai' means 'to reveal', 'ton' is the accusative article 'the', 'huion' means 'son', 'autou' means 'his', 'en' means 'in', 'emoi' means 'me' (dative), 'hina' introduces purpose 'so that', 'euangelizomai' means 'I may proclaim', 'auton' means 'him', 'en' means 'among', 'tois' is the dative article 'the', 'ethnesin' means 'nations', 'eutheos' means 'immediately', 'ou' means 'not', 'prosanethemen' means 'I presented/offered', 'sarki' means 'flesh', 'kai' means 'and', 'haimati' means 'blood'.
[GAL.1.17] I did not go up to Jerusalem to the apostles before me, but I went to Arabia and again returned to Damascus. [§]
oude anelthon eis Hierosolyma pros tous pro emou apostous, all' apeltan eis Arabia kai palin hupestrepsa eis Damaskon.
'oude' means 'not' or 'nor', 'anelthon' means 'I went up' (first person singular aorist of anabaino), 'eis' means 'to' or 'into', 'Hierosolyma' is the name 'Jerusalem', 'pros' means 'to' or 'toward', 'tous' is the accusative plural article 'the', 'pro' means 'before' or 'previous', 'emou' means 'me' (genitive of ego), 'apostous' means 'apostles' (accusative plural), 'all'' is a contraction of 'alla' meaning 'but' or 'instead', 'apeltan' (aorist of apelomai) means 'I went away' or 'I departed', 'eis' again 'to', 'Arabia' is the place name 'Arabia', 'kai' means 'and', 'palan' means 'again' or 'once more', 'hupestrepsa' (aorist of hupestrepho) means 'I returned', 'eis' again 'to', 'Damaskon' is the name 'Damascus'.
[GAL.1.18] Then after three years I went up to Jerusalem to inquire of Cephas and I stayed with him fifteen days. [§]
Epeita meta ete tria anelthon eis Hierosolyma historēsai Kefan kai epemeina pros auton hēmeras dekapente
'Epeita' means 'then', 'meta' means 'after', 'ete' means 'years', 'tria' means 'three', 'anelthon' means 'I went up' or 'I ascended', 'eis' means 'to' or 'into', 'Hierosolyma' means 'Jerusalem', 'historēsai' means 'to inquire of' or 'to make a report about', 'Kefan' is a proper name (Cephas), 'kai' means 'and', 'epemeina' means 'I stayed', 'pros' means 'with' or 'toward', 'auton' means 'him', 'hēmeras' means 'days', 'dekapente' means 'fifteen'.
[GAL.1.19] But I saw no other of the apostles except James the brother of the Lord. [§]
heteron de ton apostolon ouk ei me Iakobon ton adelphon tou kuriou.
'heteron' means 'another' or 'other'; 'de' is a conjunction meaning 'but' or 'and'; 'ton' is the genitive plural article meaning 'of the'; 'apostolon' is the genitive plural of 'apostolos' meaning 'apostles'; 'ouk' means 'not'; 'ei' means 'if'; 'me' means 'not', together 'ei me' means 'unless' or 'except'; 'Iakobon' is the accusative of 'Iakob' meaning 'James'; 'ton' is the accusative masculine article 'the'; 'adelphon' is the accusative of 'adelphos' meaning 'brother'; 'tou' is the genitive masculine article 'of the'; 'kuriou' is the genitive of 'kyrios' meaning 'Lord'.
[GAL.1.20] But the things I write to you, behold, in the presence of God, that I am not lying. [§]
ha de grapho humin, idou enopion tou theou hoti ou pseudomai.
'ha' means 'the things', 'de' is a contrastive particle often rendered 'but' or 'now', 'grapho' means 'I write', 'humin' means 'to you', 'idou' means 'behold' or 'see', 'enopion' means 'in the presence of' or 'before', 'tou theou' means 'of the God' (genitive of God), 'hoti' means 'that', 'ou' means 'not', 'pseudomai' means 'I lie' or 'I am false'.
[GAL.1.21] Then I went into the regions of Syria and Cilicia. [§]
Epeita elthon eis ta klimata tes Surias kai tes Kilikias.
'Epeita' means 'then', 'elthon' means 'I went', 'eis' means 'into', 'ta' means 'the' (plural neuter), 'klimata' means 'regions' or 'climates', 'tes' is the genitive article 'of the', 'Surias' means 'Syria', 'kai' means 'and', 'Kilikias' means 'Cilicia'.
[GAL.1.22] But I was ignorant in the presence of the churches of Judea that are in Christ. [§]
emen de agnoumenos to prosopo tais ekklesiais tes Ioudaias tais en Christo.
'emen' means 'I was', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'agnoumenos' means 'unaware' or 'ignorant', 'to' means 'to the' (dative article), 'prosopo' means 'face' or 'presence', 'tais' (dative plural) means 'to the' referring to the churches, 'ekklesiais' means 'churches', 'tes' means 'of' (genitive article), 'Ioudaias' means 'Judea', 'tais' again 'to the', 'en' means 'in', 'Christo' means 'Christ'.
[GAL.1.23] Only, however, they were listening that the one who persecutes us now preaches the gospel of the faith which once he had corrupted. [§]
monon de akouontes esan hoti ho diokon hemas pote nun euangelizetai ten pistin en pote eporthei
'monon' means 'only', 'de' means 'but', 'akouontes' means 'listening' (present participle, plural), 'esan' means 'they were', 'hoti' means 'that', 'ho' means 'the', 'diokon' means 'one who persecutes', 'hemas' means 'us', 'pote' means 'once' or 'at some time', 'nun' means 'now', 'euangelizetai' means 'preaches the good news' or 'proclaims the gospel', 'ten' means 'the' (accusative feminine), 'pistin' means 'faith', 'en' means 'which', 'pote' again means 'once', 'eporthei' means 'had destroyed' or 'had corrupted'.
[GAL.1.24] and I glorified God in me. [§]
kai edoxazon en emoi ton theon.
'kai' means 'and', 'edoxazon' is the first person singular imperfect active form of 'doxazo', meaning 'to glorify' or 'to honor', 'en' means 'in', 'emoi' is the dative of 'ego' meaning 'me' or 'myself', 'ton' is the masculine accusative definite article, and 'theon' means 'God'.
GAL.2
[GAL.2.1] Then after sixteen years I again went up to Jerusalem with Barnabas, taking Titus with me. [§]
Epeita dia dekatesaron eton palin aneben eis Hierosolyma meta Barnaba symparalabon kai Titon.
'Epeita' means 'then' or 'afterward', 'dia' means 'through' or 'for', 'dekatesaron' means 'sixteen' (literally 'ten and six'), 'eton' means 'years', 'palin' means 'again', 'aneben' means 'I went up' (from 'anabaino'), 'eis' means 'to', 'Hierosolyma' means 'Jerusalem', 'meta' means 'with', 'Barnaba' is the name 'Barnabas', 'symparalabon' means 'accompanying' or 'taking along', 'kai' means 'and', 'Titon' is the name 'Titus'.
[GAL.2.2] I went up according to revelation; and I set before them the gospel which I proclaim among the nations, privately to those who think, lest I run in vain or have run. [§]
aneben de kata apokalypsin; kai anethemen autois to euangelion ho kerusso en tois ethnesin, kat' idian de tois dokousin, me hopos eis kenon trecho e edramon.
'aneben' means 'I went up', 'de' means 'however' or 'but', 'kata' means 'according to', 'apokalypsin' means 'revelation', 'kai' means 'and', 'anethemen' means 'I set before' or 'I placed', 'autois' means 'to them', 'to' means 'the', 'euangelion' means 'gospel', 'ho' means 'which', 'kerusso' means 'I proclaim' or 'I preach', 'en' means 'among' or 'in', 'tois ethnesin' means 'the nations' or 'the Gentiles', 'kat'' is a contraction of 'kata' meaning 'privately' or 'in regard to', 'idian' means 'private' or 'personal', 'de' again means 'but', 'tois dokousin' means 'to those who think' or 'to those who seem', 'me hopos' means 'lest' or 'in case', 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'kenon' means 'empty' or 'vain', 'trecho' means 'I run', 'e' means 'or', 'edramon' means 'I have run' or 'I ran'.
[GAL.2.3] But even Titos who was with me, being a Greek, was forced to be circumcised. [§]
all' oude Titos ho syn emoi, Hellēn on, enakasthe peritmenai;
'all'' means 'but', 'oude' means 'not even', 'Titos' is a personal name, 'ho' means 'the', 'syn' means 'with', 'emoi' means 'me' (dative), 'Hellēn' means 'Greek', 'on' means 'being', 'enakasthe' means 'was forced', 'peritmenai' is the infinitive 'to be circumcised'.
[GAL.2.4] through the intruding false brothers, who entered to spy out the freedom our we have in Christ Jesus, that they will enslave us, [§]
dia de tous pareisaktous pseudadelfous, hoitines pareiselthon kataskopesai ten eleutherian hemon hen echomen en Christo Iesou, hina hemas katadoulosousin,
'dia' means 'through' or 'because of', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'tous' is the accusative plural article 'the', 'pareisaktous' means 'intruding' or 'entering', 'pseudadelfous' means 'false brothers', 'hoitines' means 'who', 'pareiselthon' means 'they entered', 'kataskopesai' means 'to spy' or 'to spy out', 'ten' means 'the' (feminine accusative), 'eleutherian' means 'freedom', 'hemon' means 'our', 'hen' means 'which', 'echomen' means 'we have', 'en' means 'in', 'Christo' means 'Christ', 'Iesou' means 'Jesus', 'hina' means 'that' or 'in order that', 'hemas' means 'us', 'katadoulosousin' means 'they will enslave'.
[GAL.2.5] to those we have not even entered at the appointed hour, that the truth of the gospel may remain with you. [§]
hois oude pros horan eixamen tei hypotage, hina he aletheia tou euangeliou diameinei pros humas.
'hois' means 'to those', 'oude' means 'not even', 'pros' means 'for' or 'at', 'horan' means 'a time' or 'hour', 'eixamen' means 'we entered' (first person plural aorist), 'tei' is the dative article 'the', 'hypotage' means 'subjection' or 'the order of submission', 'hina' introduces purpose meaning 'that', 'he' is the feminine article 'the', 'aletheia' means 'truth', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'euangeliou' means 'gospel' in the genitive case, 'diameinei' means 'may remain' or 'may endure' (present subjunctive), 'pros' again means 'with' or 'toward', and 'humas' means 'you' (plural accusative).
[GAL.2.6] From those who appear to be something—whatever they once were, nothing differs to me; the face of the God of a man does not receive— for me, those who seem have offered nothing. [§]
Apo de ton dokountōn einai ti, hopioi pote esan ouden moi diaferei; prosōpon ho theos anthrōpou ou lamvanei – emoi gar hoi dokountes ouden prosanethento.
Apo = from; de = but; ton = the (genitive plural); dokountōn = those who seem; einai = to be; ti = something; hopioi = whatever; pote = ever; esan = they were; ouden = nothing; moi = to me; diaferei = differs; prosōpon = face; ho = the; theos = God; anthrōpou = of a man; ou = not; lamvanei = receives; emoi = to me; gar = for; hoi = the; dokountes = those who seem; ouden = nothing; prosanethento = offered (presented). The phrase "ho theos anthrōpou" is rendered literally as "the God of a man" and "theos" is translated as "God" according to the literal name translation rule.
[GAL.2.7] But on the contrary, seeing that I have believed the gospel of the circumcision as Peter of the circumcision. [§]
alla toeunantion idontes hoti pepistevmai to euangelion tes akrobystias kathos Petros tes peritomes
'alla' means 'but', 'toeenantion' (to eunanti on) means 'on the contrary' or 'the opposite', 'idontes' means 'seeing' (participle), 'hoti' means 'that', 'pepistevmai' means 'I have believed', 'to' means 'the', 'euangelion' means 'gospel', 'tes' means 'of the', 'akrobystias' means 'circumcision' (literally 'cutting off the tip'), 'kathos' means 'as' or 'just as', 'Petros' means 'Peter', 'tes' again means 'of the', 'peritomes' means 'circumcision' (the act of cutting).
[GAL.2.8] For he who worked in Peter for the mission of circumcision also worked in me for the nations. [§]
ho gar energesas Petro eis apostolen tes peritomes enerēsen kai emoi eis ta ethne
'ho' means 'he who', 'gar' means 'for', 'energesas' means 'having worked', 'Petro' means 'to Peter', 'eis' means 'for' or 'into', 'apostolen' means 'mission' or 'sending', 'tes' means 'of the' (feminine genitive article), 'peritomes' means 'circumcision' (genitive singular), 'enerēsen' means 'he worked', 'kai' means 'and', 'emoi' means 'to me', 'eis' means 'for', 'ta' means 'the' (neuter plural article), 'ethne' means 'nations' (plural).
[GAL.2.9] And knowing the grace that was given to me, Jacob and Kefas and John, who claim to be pillars, gave their right hands to me and to Barnabas of fellowship, that we might go to the nations, they themselves to the circumcision. [§]
kai gnontes ten charin ten dotheisan moi, Iakobos kai Kefas kai Ioannes, hoi dokountes stuloi einai, dexias edokan emoi kai Barnaba koinonias, hina hemeis eis ta ethne, autoi de eis ten peritomen.
'kai' means 'and', 'gnontes' means 'knowing', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'charin' means 'grace', 'dotheisan' means 'given', 'moi' means 'to me', 'Iakobos' is the name Jacob, 'Kefas' is the name Cephas (Peter), 'Ioannes' is the name John, 'hoi' means 'the', 'dokountes' means 'who claim', 'stuloi' means 'pillars', 'einai' means 'to be', 'dexias' means 'right hands', 'edokan' means 'they gave', 'emoi' means 'to me', 'Barnaba' is the name Barnabas, 'koinonias' means 'of fellowship', 'hina' means 'that', 'hemeis' means 'we', 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'ta' is the neuter plural article 'the', 'ethne' means 'nations', 'autoi' means 'they themselves', 'de' means 'but' or 'however', 'peritomen' means 'circumcision'.
[GAL.2.10] Only for the poor, that we may remember, which also I have striven to do. [§]
monon ton ptochon hina mnemon euomen, ho kai espoudasa auto touto poiesai.
'monon' means 'only', 'ton' is the genitive article 'of the', 'ptochon' means 'poor' (plural), 'hina' means 'in order that' or 'so that', 'mnemon' (from mnemonuō) means 'we may remember', 'euomen' is the first person plural subjunctive ending, together 'hina mnemon euomen' = 'that we may remember', 'ho' is a neuter relative pronoun meaning 'which', 'kai' means 'also', 'espoudasa' is first person singular perfect active indicative of 'espoudazō' meaning 'I have labored' or 'I have striven', 'auto' means 'this', 'touto' emphasizes 'this very thing', and 'poiesai' is the aorist infinitive of 'poieō' meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. The clause 'ho kai espoudasa auto touto poiesai' therefore means 'which also I have striven to do this very thing'.
[GAL.2.11] When, however, Kephas came to Antioch, I stood opposite him, because he was exhausted. [§]
Hote de elthen Kephas eis Antiocheian, kata prosopon auto antestēn, hoti katexēmenos ēn.
'Hote' means 'when', 'de' means 'but' or 'however', 'elthen' means 'he came', 'Kephas' is a proper name (the Greek form of Cephas, meaning 'rock'), 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'Antiocheian' means 'Antioch' in the accusative case, 'kata' means 'against' or 'opposite', 'prosopon' means 'face' or 'presence', 'auto' means 'him', 'antestēn' means 'I stood opposite' or 'I opposed', 'hoti' means 'because', 'katexēmenos' means 'exhausted' or 'wearied', 'ēn' means 'was'.
[GAL.2.12] Before, for some people from Jacob to be with the nations, he was eating together; when they came, he stood and washed himself, fearing those of the circumcision. [§]
pro tou gar elthein tinas apo Iakobou meta ton ethnon suensthi en; hote de elthon, hypestellen kai aforizen heauton phoboumenos tous ek peritomes.
'pro' means 'before', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'gar' means 'for', 'elthein' is the infinitive 'to come', 'tinas' means 'some (people)', 'apo' means 'from', 'Iakobou' means 'Jacob', 'meta' means 'with', 'ton' is the genitive plural article 'the', 'ethnon' means 'nations', 'suensthi' (actually 'sunesthien') means 'was eating together', ';' separates clauses, 'hote' means 'when', 'de' means 'but', 'elthon' means 'they came', 'hypestellen' means 'he was standing', 'kai' means 'and', 'aforizen' means 'he was washing', 'heauton' means 'himself', 'phoboumenos' means 'fearing', 'tous' means 'the', 'ek' means 'from', 'peritomes' means 'circumcision' (referring to the circumcised).
[GAL.2.13] And the other Jews also agreed with him, so that even Barnabas was drawn in with them in hypocrisy. [§]
kai synypekritheisan auto kai hoi loipoi Ioudaioi, hoste kai Barnabas synapechthe auton te hypokrisei.
'kai' means 'and', 'synypekritheisan' means 'they were of the same opinion' or 'they agreed together', 'auto' means 'with him', 'hoi loipoi Ioudaioi' means 'the other Jews', 'hoste' means 'so that', 'kai' means 'also', 'Barnabas' is a proper name, 'synapechthe' means 'was gathered together' or 'was drawn in', 'auton' means 'them' (genitive of 'they'), 'te' is the dative article 'the', 'hypokrisei' means 'hypocrisy' (the state of pretending).
[GAL.2.14] But when I saw that they do not walk uprightly toward the truth of the gospel, I said before all to Kepha, "If you are a Jew by birth but do not live in a Jewish way, how do you compel the nations to become Jews?" [§]
all' hote eidon hoti ouk orthopodousin pros ten aletheian tou euangelios, eipon to Kepha emprosthen panton; ei su Ioudaios hyparchon ethnikos kai ouchi Ioudaiakos zes, pos ta ethne anankazeis ioudazein?
'all'' means 'but', 'hote' means 'when', 'eidon' means 'I saw', 'hoti' means 'that', 'ouk' means 'not', 'orthopodousin' means 'walk uprightly', 'pros' means 'toward', 'ten aletheian' means 'the truth', 'tou euangelios' means 'of the gospel', 'eipon' means 'I said', 'to Kepha' means 'to Kepha' (the name Peter), 'emprosthen' means 'before', 'panton' means 'all', 'ei' means 'if', 'su' means 'you', 'Ioudaios' means 'Jew', 'hyparchon' means 'existing', 'ethnikos' means 'nationally', 'kai' means 'and', 'ouchi' means 'not', 'Ioudaiakos' means 'Jewishly', 'zes' means 'you live', 'pos' means 'how', 'ta ethne' means 'the nations', 'anankazeis' means 'you compel', 'ioudazein' means 'to make Jewish' (to Judaize).
[GAL.2.15] We are Jews by nature, and not sinners from the nations. [§]
Hemeis phusei Ioudaioi kai ouk ex ethnon hamartotoi.
'Hemeis' means 'we', 'phusei' means 'by nature' or 'naturally', 'Ioudaioi' means 'Jews', 'kai' means 'and', 'ouk' means 'not', 'ex' means 'from', 'ethnon' means 'the nations', 'hamartotoi' means 'sinners'.
[GAL.2.16] Knowing that a person is not justified by works of the law unless through the faith of Jesus Christ, and we have believed in Christ Jesus, that we might be justified by the faith of Christ and not by works of the law, because from works of the law no flesh will be justified. [§]
eidotes de hoti ou dikaioutai anthropos ex ergon nomou ean me dia pisteos Iesou Christou, kai hemeis eis Christon Iesoun episteusamen, hina dikaiothomen ek pisteos Christou kai ouk ex ergon nomou, hoti ex ergon nomou ou dikaiothesetai pasa sarx.
'eidotes' means 'knowing', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'hoti' means 'that', 'ou' means 'not', 'dikaioutai' means 'is justified', 'anthropos' means 'a person' or 'man', 'ex' means 'from' or 'by', 'ergon' means 'work', 'nomou' means 'of the law', 'ean' means 'if', 'me' means 'without', 'dia' means 'through', 'pisteos' means 'faith', 'Iesou' means 'Jesus', 'Christou' means 'Christ', 'kai' means 'and', 'hemeis' means 'we', 'eis' means 'into' or 'in', 'Christon' means 'Christ' (accusative), 'Iesoun' means 'Jesus' (accusative), 'episteusamen' means 'have believed', 'hina' means 'that', 'dikaiothomen' means 'might be justified', 'ek' means 'from', 'pisteos' again 'faith', 'ou' again 'not', 'ex' again 'from', 'ergon' again 'works', 'nomou' again 'of the law', 'hoti' means 'because', 'ex' again 'from', 'ergon' again 'works', 'nomou' again 'of the law', 'ou' again 'not', 'dikaiothesetai' means 'will be justified', 'pasa' means 'every' or 'all', 'sarx' means 'flesh' (human beings).
[GAL.2.17] If, however, we who seek to be justified in Christ have been found to be sinners, then is Christ a servant of sin? May it not happen. [§]
ei de zetountes dikaiothenai en Christo eurethemen kai autoi hamartoi, ara Christos hamartias diakonos? me genoito.
'ei' means 'if', 'de' means 'however' or 'but', 'zetountes' means 'seeking', 'dikaiothenai' means 'to be justified', 'en' means 'in', 'Christo' means 'Christ', 'eurethemen' means 'we were found', 'kai' means 'and', 'autoi' means 'we ourselves', 'hamartoi' means 'sinners', 'ara' means 'then' or 'therefore', 'Christos' means 'Christ', 'hamartias' means 'of sin', 'diakonos' means 'servant' or 'minister', 'me' means 'not', 'genoito' means 'let it happen' or 'may it be'. The question 'ara Christos hamartias diakonos?' is rhetorical, asking whether Christ can be a servant of sin, answered with a negative wish 'me genoito' meaning 'may it not happen'.
[GAL.2.18] If indeed what I have destroyed I rebuild again, I consider myself a transgressor. [§]
ei gar ha katelusa tauta palin oikodomo, parabaten emauton synistano.
'ei' means 'if', 'gar' means 'for' or 'indeed', 'ha' means 'what' (neuter plural accusative), 'katelusa' means 'I have destroyed', 'tauta' means 'these things', 'palin' means 'again', 'oikodomo' means 'I rebuild', 'parabaten' means 'a transgressor', 'emauton' means 'myself', 'synistano' means 'I consider' or 'I appoint'.
[GAL.2.19] For I died through the law, so that I may live for God. I am crucified with Christ. [§]
ego gar dia nomou nomo apethanon, hina theo zeso. Christo synestaurmai;
'ego' means 'I', 'gar' means 'for', 'dia' means 'through' or 'by', 'nomou' means 'law' (genitive), 'nomo' means 'law' (dative), 'apethanon' means 'I died', 'hina' means 'that' or 'so that', 'theo' means 'God', 'zeso' means 'I may live', 'Christo' means 'Christ', 'synestaurmai' means 'I am crucified with'.
[GAL.2.20] I no longer live (as) I, but Christ lives in me; and the one who now lives in the flesh, by faith I live in the son of God who loved me and gave himself up for me. [§]
zo de ouketi ego, ze de en emoi Christos; ho de nyn zo en sarki, en pistei zo te tou huiou tou theou tou agapisantos me kai paradontos heauton hyper emou.
'zo' means 'I live', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'ouketi' means 'no longer', 'ego' means 'I', 'ze' means 'lives', 'en' means 'in', 'emoi' means 'me', 'Christos' means 'Christ', 'ho' means 'the one who', 'nyn' means 'now', 'sarki' means 'flesh', 'pistei' means 'faith', 'te' is a dative article meaning 'in the', 'tou huiou tou theou' means 'of the son of God', 'agapisantos' means 'who loved', 'me' means 'me', 'kai' means 'and', 'paradontos' means 'who gave up', 'heauton' means 'himself', 'hyper' means 'for', 'emou' means 'me'.
[GAL.2.21] I do not deny the grace of God; for if righteousness is by the law, then Christ died as a gift. [§]
Ouk atheto ten charin tou theou; ei gar dia nomou dikaiosune, ara Christos dorean apethanen.
'Ouk' means 'not', 'atheto' means 'I deny' or 'I reject', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'charin' means 'grace', 'tou theou' means 'of God'. 'ei' means 'if', 'gar' means 'for', 'dia' means 'by', 'nomou' means 'law' (genitive), 'dikaiosune' means 'righteousness'. 'ara' means 'then' or 'therefore', 'Christos' is the title 'Christ', 'dorean' means 'as a gift', 'apethanen' means 'he died'.
GAL.3
[GAL.3.1] O foolish Galatians, who baptized you, to the eyes [that] Jesus Christ was written beforehand as having been crucified; [§]
O anoetoi Galatai, tis humas ebaskanen, hois kat ophthalmous Iesous Christos proegraphe estauromenos;
'O' is a vocative exclamation meaning 'O' or 'Oh'. 'anoetoi' means 'foolish' (plural masculine). 'Galatai' means 'Galatians', the people of Galatia. 'tis' means 'who'. 'humas' means 'you' (accusative plural). 'ebaskanen' means 'baptized' (aorist active, third person singular). 'hois' means 'to whom' or 'for which'. 'kat' is a preposition meaning 'according to' or 'against', here combined with 'ophthalmous' which means 'eyes' (accusative plural). 'Iesous' is the transliteration of the name 'Jesus'. 'Christos' is the transliteration of 'Christ', meaning 'the Anointed One'. 'proegraphe' means 'was written beforehand' (aorist passive). 'estauromenos' means 'was crucified' (perfect passive participle).
[GAL.3.2] I only want to learn from you: have you received the spirit from works of the law or from hearing of faith? [§]
touto monon thelo mathein aph' humon; ex ergon nomou to pneuma elabete e ex akous pisteos?
'touto' means 'this', 'monon' means 'only', 'thelo' means 'I want', 'mathein' means 'to learn', 'aph'' is a contraction of 'ap' meaning 'from', 'humon' means 'you (plural)', 'ex' means 'from', 'ergon' means 'work', 'nomou' means 'of law', 'to' means 'the', 'pneuma' means 'spirit', 'elabete' means 'you have received', 'e' means 'or', 'akous' means 'hearing', 'pisteos' means 'of faith'.
[GAL.3.3] Thus you are foolish, having begun with spirit, now you are being completed in flesh? [§]
houtos anoetoi este, enarksamenoi pneumati nyn sarki epiteleisth?
houtos means 'thus'; anoetoi means 'foolish' or 'senseless'; este is the plural form of 'you are'; enarksamenoi is the aorist participle meaning 'having begun'; pneumati is the dative of 'spirit' meaning 'with spirit' or 'in spirit'; nyn means 'now'; sarki is the dative of 'flesh' meaning 'in flesh'; epiteleisth is the middle/passive form of 'to bring to completion' meaning 'you are being completed' or 'you are fulfilled'. The clause ends with a question mark, indicating a rhetorical question.
[GAL.3.4] Did you endure such things publicly? If indeed also publicly. [§]
tosauta epathete eikei; ei ge kai eikei.
'tosauta' means 'such things', 'epathete' means 'you endured' (second person plural imperfect indicative of epao), 'eikei' means 'in public' or 'openly', 'ei' means 'if', 'ge' is an emphatic particle meaning 'indeed', 'kai' means 'also' or 'even', and the second 'eikei' repeats 'in public'.
[GAL.3.5] Therefore, the one who gives you the spirit and works power within you, from works of the law or from hearing of faith? [§]
ho oun epichoregon hymin to pneuma kai energon dynameis en hymin, ex ergon nomou he ex akoeis pisteos?
'ho' means 'the' (masc. sing. article), 'oun' means 'therefore', 'epichoregon' means 'bestowing' or 'giving' (present participle of epichoreoo, 'to supply'), 'hymin' means 'to you' (dative plural of hyme), 'to' means 'the', 'pneuma' means 'spirit', 'kai' means 'and', 'energon' means 'working' or 'empowering' (participle of energō, 'to energize'), 'dynameis' means 'powers' (plural noun), 'en' means 'in', 'hymin' again 'you', 'ex' means 'from' (preposition with genitive), 'ergon' means 'work' or 'deed', 'nomou' means 'of the law' (genitive of nomos), 'he' (eta) means 'or', 'ex' again 'from', 'akoeis' means 'hearing' (genitive of akoe, 'hearing'), 'pisteos' means 'of faith' (genitive of pisteō).
[GAL.3.6] as Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness. [§]
Kahos Abraam episteusen to theo, kai elogisthē auto eis dikaiosyne.
'Kahos' means 'as' or 'just as', 'Abraam' is the name Abraham, 'episteusen' means 'believed' (past tense), 'to' is the dative article 'to the', 'theo' means 'God', 'kai' means 'and', 'elogisthē' means 'was counted' or 'was reckoned', 'auto' means 'to him', 'eis' means 'as' or 'into', and 'dikaiosyne' means 'righteousness'. The phrase therefore says that Abraham's belief in God was counted to him as righteousness.
[GAL.3.7] Know therefore that those who are of faith are the sons of Abraham. [§]
gee-no-seh-teh ara hoti hoy ek pisteos houtoi huios eisin Abram.
'gee-no-seh-teh' means 'you know' (imperative plural of know), 'ara' means 'therefore' or 'then', 'hoti' means 'that', 'hoy' means 'the', 'ek' means 'from' or 'of', 'pisteos' means 'faith' (genitive), 'houtoi' means 'these' or 'those', 'huios' means 'sons', 'eisin' means 'are' (verb to be), 'Abram' means 'Abraham' (a proper name). The phrase 'ek pisteos' literally 'of faith' denotes people who are characterized by faith. The construction 'houtoi huios eisin Abram' says 'these are sons of Abraham'.
[GAL.3.8] Foreseeing then the Scripture, that from faith the God justifies the nations, he pre‑announced to Abraham that all the nations will be blessed in you. [§]
proidousa de he graphe hoti ek pisteos dikaioi ta ethnē ho theos proevgelisato toe Abraam hoti eneulogethesontai en soi panta ta ethnē.
'proidousa' means 'foreseeing', 'de' means 'but' or 'then', 'he' is the article 'the' for feminine nouns, 'graphe' means 'writing' or 'scripture', 'hoti' means 'that', 'ek' means 'from', 'pisteos' means 'faith', 'dikaioi' means 'justifies', 'ta' means 'the' (plural), 'ethnē' means 'nations', 'ho' is the masculine article 'the', 'theos' means 'God' and is translated literally as 'God', 'proevgelisato' means 'pre‑announced' or 'fore‑told', 'toe' is the dative article 'to the', 'Abraam' is the name 'Abraham', another 'hoti' means 'that', 'eneulogethesontai' means 'will be blessed', 'en' means 'in', 'soi' means 'you', 'panta' means 'all', another 'ta' means 'the', and the final 'ethnē' again means 'nations'.
[GAL.3.9] Therefore those who are of faith are blessed together with the faithful Abraham. [§]
hoste hoi ek pisteos eulogountai syn to pisto Abraam.
'hoste' means 'so that' or 'therefore', 'hoi' means 'the' (plural masculine nominative), 'ek' means 'from' or 'out of', 'pisteos' means 'faith' (genitive), 'eulogountai' means 'are blessed', 'syn' means 'with', 'to' means 'the' (dative), 'pisto' means 'faithful', 'Abraam' is the personal name Abraham.
[GAL.3.10] For those who are of the works of the law are under a curse; for it is written that cursed is everyone who does not keep all that is written in the book of the law in order to do them. [§]
Hosi gar ex ergon nomou eisin, hypo kat\'aran eisin; gegraptai gar hoti epikat\'aratos pas hos ouk emmen\'ei pasin tois gegrammenois en to biblio tou nomou ton poi\'esai auta.
'Hosi' means 'those', 'gar' means 'for', 'ex' means 'from' or 'of', 'ergon' means 'works', 'nomou' means 'law', 'eisin' means 'are', 'hypo' means 'under', 'kat\'aran' means 'a curse', 'gegraptai' means 'it is written', 'hoti' means 'that', 'epikat\'aratos' means 'cursed', 'pas' means 'everyone', 'hos' means 'who', 'ouk' means 'not', 'emmen\'ei' means 'remains' or 'keeps', 'pasin' means 'all', 'tois' means 'to the', 'gegrammenois' means 'that is written', 'en' means 'in', 'to' means 'the', 'biblio' means 'book', 'tou' means 'of the', 'nomou' again 'law', 'ton' means 'in order to', 'poi\'esai' means 'do', 'auta' means 'them'.
[GAL.3.11] For in the law no one is justified before God is evident, for the righteous shall live by faith. [§]
hoti de en nomo oudeis dikaioetai para to theo delon, hoti ho dikaios ek pisteos zesetai.
'hoti' means 'for' or 'because', 'de' is a conjunction meaning 'but' or 'and', 'en' means 'in', 'nomo' is the dative of 'nomos' meaning 'law', 'oudeis' means 'no one', 'dikaioetai' means 'is justified', 'para' means 'before' or 'by', 'to' is the dative article, 'theo' is the dative of 'theos' which is translated literally as 'God', 'delon' means 'clear' or 'evident', the second 'hoti' again means 'for', 'ho' is the masculine article 'the', 'dikaios' means 'righteous', 'ek' means 'by' or 'from', 'pisteos' is the genitive of 'pistis' meaning 'faith', and 'zesetai' means 'will live'. The name of God 'theos' is rendered as the literal English word 'God' per the given translation rules.
[GAL.3.12] But the law is not of faith, but the one who has done them will live in them. [§]
ho de nomos ouk estin ek pisteos, all' ho poiesas auta zeseitai en autois.
'ho' means 'the' (masc. nominative article), 'de' means 'but' or 'however', 'nomos' means 'law', 'ouk' means 'not', 'estin' means 'is' (verb 'to be'), 'ek' means 'from' or 'out of', 'pisteos' means 'of faith' (genitive of 'pistis'), 'all'' means 'but' (contraction of 'de'), 'ho' again means 'the', 'poiesas' means 'having done' (aorist participle, masc. nom. sing.), 'auta' means 'those things' or 'them' (neut. acc. pl.), 'zeseitai' means 'will live' (future middle/passive of 'zēskō'), 'en' means 'in', 'autois' means 'them' (dative plural pronoun).
[GAL.3.13] The Anointed redeemed us from the curse of the law, becoming a curse for us, for it is written: 'Cursed is everyone who is hanged on a tree.' [§]
Christos hemas exegorasen ek tes kataras tou nomou genomenos hyper hemon katara, hoti gegraptai: epikatatos pas ho kremamenos epi xulou.
'Christos' means 'the Anointed', 'hemas' means 'us', 'exegorasen' means 'bought us out' or 'redeemed', 'ek' means 'from', 'tes' is the article 'the', 'katara' means 'curse', 'tou' means 'of the', 'nomou' means 'law', 'genomenos' means 'having become', 'hyper' means 'on behalf of' or 'for', 'hemon' means 'our', another 'katara' repeats 'curse', 'hoti' means 'for' or 'because', 'gegraptai' means 'it is written', 'epikatatos' means 'cursed', 'pas' means 'everyone', 'ho' is the article 'the', 'kremamenos' means 'who is hanged', 'epi' means 'on', 'xulou' means 'a tree'.
[GAL.3.14] that the blessing of Abraham may become to the nations in Christ Jesus, that we may receive the promise of the spirit through faith. [§]
hina eis ta ethne he eulogia tou Abraam genetai en Christo Iesou, hina ten epangelian tou pneumatos labomen dia tes pisteos.
'hina' means 'that', 'eis' means 'into', 'ta ethne' means 'the nations', 'he eulogia' means 'the blessing', 'tou Abraam' means 'of Abraham', 'genetai' means 'may become', 'en Christo Iesou' means 'in Christ Jesus', 'ten epangelian' means 'the promise', 'tou pneumatos' means 'of the spirit', 'labomen' means 'we receive', 'dia tes pisteos' means 'through faith'.
[GAL.3.15] Brothers, I say in human terms: yet a man's broken covenant is not nullified by anyone nor is it asked to be renewed. [§]
Adelphoi, kata anthropon lego: homos anthropou kekyroumenen diatheken oudeis athetei e epidiatasseitai.
'Adelphoi' means 'brothers', 'kata anthropon' means 'according to a man' or 'in human terms', 'lego' means 'I say', 'homos' means 'yet' or 'however', 'anthropou' means 'of a man', 'kekyroumenen' means 'having been broken', 'diatheken' means 'covenant', 'oudeis' means 'no one', 'athetei' means 'nullifies' or 'breaks', 'e' means 'or', 'epidiatasseitai' means 'asks again' or 'demands a renewal'.
[GAL.3.16] To Abraham were the promises spoken also to his seed. It does not say: and to the seeds, as concerning many but as concerning one; and to your seed, who is Christ. [§]
to de Abraam errēthēsan hai epangeliai kai to spermati autou. ou legei: kai tois spermāsin, hōs epi pollōn all' hōs eph' henos: kai to spermati sou, hos estin Christos.
'to' means 'to the', 'de' means 'but', 'Abraam' is the proper name Abraham, 'errēthēsan' means 'were spoken' or 'were said', 'hai' means 'the' (feminine plural), 'epangeliai' means 'promises' or 'covenants', 'kai' means 'also' or 'and', 'to' (again) means 'to the', 'spermati' means 'seed' (dative singular of sperma), 'autou' means 'his', 'ou' means 'not', 'legei' means 'says', 'kai' means 'and', 'tois' means 'to the' (dative plural), 'spermāsin' means 'seeds' (dative plural), 'hōs' means 'as', 'epi' means 'upon' or 'concerning', 'pollōn' means 'many', 'all'' (short for 'alla') means 'but', 'hōs' again 'as', 'eph'' (short for 'epi') means 'upon', 'henos' means 'one', 'kai' means 'and', 'to' means 'to the', 'spermati' means 'seed' (dative singular), 'sou' means 'your', 'hos' means 'who', 'estin' means 'is', 'Christos' means 'Christ'.
[GAL.3.17] But I say this: a covenant preordained by God, which after four hundred and thirty years had come into being, the law does not nullify in order to cancel the promise. [§]
touto de lego: diatheken prokekyromene hypo tou theou ho meta tetrakosia kai triakonta eti gegonos nomos ouk akyroi eis to katargesai ten epaggelian.
'touto' means 'this', 'de' means 'but', 'lego' means 'I say', 'diatheken' means 'covenant', 'prokekyromene' means 'preordained', 'hypo' means 'by', 'tou theou' means 'of God' (theos = God), 'ho' is a demonstrative article 'the', 'meta' means 'after', 'tetrakosia kai triakonta' means 'four hundred and thirty', 'eti' means 'years', 'gegonos' means 'having happened' or 'came into being', 'nomos' means 'law', 'ouk' means 'not', 'akyroi' means 'to nullify' or 'to cancel', 'eis to' means 'in order to', 'katargesai' means 'to abolish' or 'to cancel', 'ten epaggelian' means 'the promise'.
[GAL.3.18] If indeed the inheritance is from the law, it is no longer from the promise; but to Abraham, through the promise, God has been gracious. [§]
ei gar ek nomou he klero nomia, ouketi ex epangelias; to de Abraham di' epangelias kecharistai ho theos.
'ei' means 'if', 'gar' means 'for', 'ek' means 'from', 'nomou' means 'law', 'he' means 'the', 'klēro nomia' means 'inheritance', 'ouketi' means 'no longer', 'ex' means 'from', 'epangelias' means 'promise', 'to' means 'to', 'de' means 'but', 'Abraham' is the name 'Abraham', 'di'' means 'through', 'kecharistai' means 'has been gracious', 'ho theos' means 'the God', which we translate as 'God' according to the literal naming rule.
[GAL.3.19] What then is the law? It was added because of transgressions, until the promised seed may come, commanding through angels in the hand of a mediator. [§]
Ti oun ho nomos? ton parabaseon charin prosetethe, achris hou elthe to sperma ho epengeltai, diatageis di' angelon en cheiri mesitou.
'Ti' means 'what', 'oun' means 'then', 'ho' means 'the', 'nomos' means 'law'. 'Ton' is the genitive plural article 'of the', 'parabaseon' means 'transgressions', 'charin' means 'for the sake of', 'prosetethe' means 'was added'. 'Achris' (archaic form of 'achri') means 'until', 'hou' means 'which', 'elthe' means 'may come', 'to' means 'the', 'sperma' means 'seed', 'ho' means 'to whom/which', 'epengeltai' means 'has been promised'. 'Diatageis' means 'commanding', 'di'' is the contraction of 'dia' meaning 'by', 'angelon' means 'angels', 'en' means 'in', 'cheiri' means 'hand', 'mesitou' means 'of a mediator'.
[GAL.3.20] There is no mediator of one; God is one. [§]
ho de mesites henos ouk estin, ho de theos heis estin.
'ho' means 'the' (masc nominative singular article), 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'mesites' means 'mediator', 'henos' means 'of one', 'ouk' means 'not', 'estin' means 'is', the second clause repeats 'ho' and 'de', 'theos' means 'God', 'heis' means 'one', 'estin' means 'is'.
[GAL.3.21] Therefore the law according to the promises of God; let it not happen. For if a law had been given that the one capable could bring to life, truly from the law would have been justice. [§]
ho oun nomos kata ton epaggelion [tou theou]; me genoito. ei gar edothe nomos ho dunamenos zoopoieesai, ontos ek nomou an en he dikaiosyne.
'ho' means 'the' (masculine nominative singular); 'oun' means 'therefore'; 'nomos' means 'law'; 'kata' means 'according to'; 'ton' means 'the' (genitive plural); 'epaggelion' means 'promises'; 'tou' means 'of the'; 'theou' means 'God'; 'me' means 'not'; 'genoito' means 'let it be' or 'may it not happen'; 'ei' means 'if'; 'gar' means 'for'; 'edothe' means 'was given'; 'dunamenos' means 'the one capable'; 'zoopoieesai' means 'to bring to life'; 'ontos' means 'truly'; 'ek' means 'from'; 'nomou' means 'law'; 'an' is a potential particle; 'en' means 'was'; 'he' means 'the' (feminine); 'dikaiosyne' means 'justice'.
[GAL.3.22] But the Scripture has bound all things under sin, so that the promise from the faith of Jesus Christ may be given to those who believe. [§]
alla sunekleisen he graphe ta panta hypo hamartian, hina he epangelia ek pisteos Iesou Christou dothe tois pisteuousin.
'alla' means 'but', 'sunekleisen' means 'has bound up' or 'has confined', 'he' is the definite article 'the', 'graphe' means 'writing' or 'Scripture', 'ta panta' means 'all things', 'hypo' means 'under' or 'by', 'hamartian' means 'sin', 'hina' means 'that' or 'so that', 'he' again means 'the', 'epangelia' means 'promise', 'ek' means 'from', 'pisteos' means 'faith', 'Iesou Christou' means 'of Jesus Christ', 'dothe' means 'may be given', 'tois' means 'to the', 'pisteuousin' means 'believing ones' or 'believers'.
[GAL.3.23] Before the coming of faith under the law we were being guarded, being shut in, toward the coming faith to be revealed. [§]
Pro tou de eltein ten pistin hypo nomon ephroumenon sygkleomenoi eis ten mellousan pistin apokalyphthenai
'Pro' means 'before', 'tou' is the genitive article 'the', 'de' means 'however' or 'but', 'eltein' is the infinitive of 'to come' meaning 'to come', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'pistin' means 'faith', 'hypo' means 'under', 'nomon' means 'law', 'ephroumenon' means 'being guarded' (a participle), 'sygkleomenoi' means 'being shut in' or 'being confined', 'eis' means 'into' or 'toward', 'ten' again 'the', 'mellousan' means 'future' or 'coming', 'pistin' again 'faith', 'apokalyphthenai' means 'to be revealed' (aorist passive infinitive).
[GAL.3.24] Therefore the law, our tutor, has become into Christ, that from faith we may be justified. [§]
hoste ho nomos paidagogos hemon gegonen eis Christon, hina ek pisteos dikaiothomen;
'hoste' means 'therefore or so that', 'ho' is the definite article meaning 'the', 'nomos' means 'law', 'paidagogos' means 'guardian or tutor', 'hemon' means 'our', 'gegonen' means 'has become', 'eis' means 'into', 'Christon' is the accusative form of 'Christ', 'hina' means 'that or so that', 'ek' means 'from', 'pisteos' is the genitive of 'faith' meaning 'of faith', 'dikaiothomen' means 'we may be justified'.
[GAL.3.25] But now that faith has come, we are no longer under a teacher. [§]
elthouses de tes pisteos ouketi hypo paidagogon esmen.
'elthouses' means 'coming' or 'having come', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'tes' is the genitive feminine article 'the', 'pisteos' means 'faith's' or 'of faith', 'ouketi' means 'no longer', 'hypo' means 'under' or 'by', 'paidagogon' means 'teacher' or 'guardian', 'esmen' means 'we are'.
[GAL.3.26] For you are all sons of God through faith in Christ Jesus. [§]
Pantes gar huioi theou este dia tes pisteos en Christo Iesou.
'Pantes' means 'all', 'gar' means 'for', 'huioi' means 'sons', 'theou' is the genitive of 'theos' meaning 'God', so 'theou' translates as 'God', 'este' means 'you are', 'dia' means 'through', 'tes' is the genitive article 'the' (of), 'pisteos' means 'faith', 'en' means 'in', 'Christo' means 'Christ', and 'Iesou' means 'Jesus'.
[GAL.3.27] For as many as you were baptized into Christ, you have put on Christ. [§]
hosoi gar eis Christon ebaptisthete, Christon enedusaste.
'hosoi' means 'as many as' or 'those who'; 'gar' means 'for' (a conjunction); 'eis' means 'into' or 'in'; 'Christon' is 'Christ', the title meaning 'the Anointed One'; 'ebaptisthete' means 'you were baptized' (second person plural aorist passive); 'Christon' repeats the name 'Christ'; 'enedusaste' means 'you have clothed yourselves with' or 'you have put on' (second person plural aorist passive middle).
[GAL.3.28] There is not Jew nor Greek, there is not slave nor free, there is not male and female; for all you are one in Christ Jesus. [§]
ouk eni Ioudaios oude Helen, ouk eni doulos oude eleutheros, ouk eni arsen kai thelu; pantes gar hymeis heis este en Christo Iesou.
'ouk' means 'not', 'eni' means 'there is', 'Ioudaios' means 'Jew', 'oude' means 'nor', 'Helen' means 'Greek', 'doulos' means 'slave', 'eleutheros' means 'free', 'arsen' means 'male', 'thelu' means 'female', 'pantes' means 'all', 'gar' means 'for', 'hymeis' means 'you (plural)', 'heis' means 'one', 'este' means 'are', 'en' means 'in', 'Christo' means 'Christ', 'Iesou' means 'Jesus'.
[GAL.3.29] If however you belong to the Anointed One, then you are the seed of Abraham, heirs according to the promise. [§]
ei de hymeis Christou, ara tou Abraam sperma este, kat' epangelian klironomoi.
'ei' means 'if', 'de' means 'however' or 'but', 'hymeis' means 'you (plural)', 'Christou' is the genitive of 'Christos' meaning 'the Anointed One', 'ara' means 'then' or 'therefore', 'tou' is the genitive article 'the', 'Abraam' is the name Abraham, 'sperma' means 'seed', 'este' means 'you are', 'kat'' is a contraction of 'kata' meaning 'according to', 'epangelian' means 'the promise', 'klironomoi' means 'heirs' or 'inheritors'.
GAL.4
[GAL.4.1] I say, however, as long as the heir is a child, there is no difference between a slave and his master, who is lord of all. [§]
lego de, ef' hoson chronon ho kleronomos nepios estin, ouden diapherei doulou kyrios panton on
'lego' means 'I say', 'de' means 'however' or 'but', 'ef'' is a contraction of 'epi' meaning 'as long as' or 'upon', 'hoson' means 'as much as' or 'the amount that', 'chronon' means 'time' (genitive of 'chronos'), 'ho' is the masculine definite article 'the', 'kleronomos' means 'heir' or 'one who inherits', 'nepios' means 'child' or 'infant', 'estin' means 'is', 'ouden' means 'nothing' or 'no', 'diapherei' means 'differs' or 'makes a difference', 'doulou' is the genitive of 'doulos' meaning 'of a slave', 'kyrios' means 'lord' or 'master', 'panton' is the genitive plural of 'pas' meaning 'of all', 'on' is the participle 'being'.
[GAL.4.2] But it is under overseers and stewards until the deadline of the father. [§]
All' hypo epitropous estin kai oikonomous achri tes prothesmias tou patros.
'All'' means 'but', 'hypo' means 'under', 'epitropous' means 'overseers' (plural accusative), 'estin' means 'it is', 'kai' means 'and', 'oikonomous' means 'stewards' (plural accusative), 'achri' means 'until', 'tes' is the genitive article 'of the', 'prothesmias' means 'deadline' or 'appointed time', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'patros' means 'father'.
[GAL.4.3] Thus also we, when we were infants, were enslaved under the elements of the world. [§]
houtos kai hemeis, hote emen nēpīoi, hypo ta stoicheia tou kosmou emetha dedoulomenoi;
'houtos' means 'thus' or 'in this way', 'kai' means 'and', 'hemeis' means 'we', 'hote' means 'when', 'emen' means 'we were', 'nēpīoi' means 'infants' or 'babes', 'hypo' means 'under', 'ta' means 'the' (plural neuter), 'stoicheia' means 'elements' or 'basic principles', 'tou' means 'of the', 'kosmou' means 'world', 'emetha' means 'we were', 'dedoulomenoi' means 'enslaved' or 'in bondage'.
[GAL.4.4] when the fullness of the time had come, God sent his Son, born of a woman, born under the law, [§]
hote de elthen to pleroma tou chronou, exapesteilen ho theos ton huion autou, genomenon ek gynaiikos, genomenon hypo nomon,
'hote' means 'when', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'elthen' means 'came', 'to' means 'the', 'pleroma' means 'fullness', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'chronou' means 'time', 'exapesteilen' means 'sent forth', 'ho' means 'the', 'theos' means 'God', 'ton' is the accusative article 'the', 'huion' means 'son', 'autou' means 'his', 'genomenon' means 'having become' or 'born', 'ek' means 'of' or 'from', 'gynaiikos' means 'woman', the second 'genomenon' repeats 'having become', 'hypo' means 'under', 'nomon' means 'law'. The divine name 'theos' is rendered literally as 'God' per the translation guideline.
[GAL.4.5] that he may redeem those under the law, that we may receive the sonship. [§]
hina tous hypo nomon exagorase, hina ten huiothesian apolabomen.
'hina' means 'that', 'tous' means 'those', 'hypo' means 'under', 'nomon' means 'the law', 'exagorase' means 'he may redeem', 'ten' means 'the', 'huiothesian' means 'sonship' or 'adoption as children', 'apolabomen' means 'we may receive'.
[GAL.4.6] Because you are sons, God sent the spirit of his Son into our hearts, crying; Father, the Father. [§]
Hoti de este huioi, exapesteilen ho theos to pneuma tou huiou autou eis tas kardias hemon krason; abba ho pater.
'Hoti' means 'because', 'de' means 'indeed' or 'but', 'este' means 'you are', 'huioi' means 'sons', 'exapesteilen' means 'sent', 'ho theos' means 'God' (the literal translation of the divine name), 'to pneuma' means 'the spirit', 'tou huiou autou' means 'of his Son', 'eis tas kardias hemon' means 'into our hearts', 'krason' means 'crying' or 'calling', 'abba' is an Aramaic term meaning 'Father', and 'ho pater' means 'the Father'.
[GAL.4.7] Therefore you are no longer a slave but a son; if a son, also an heir through God. [§]
hos-te oo-ke-tee ay doo-los al' hwee-os; ay de hwee-os, kai klee-ro-noh-mos dee-ah theh-oo.
'hos-te' means 'therefore', 'oo-ke-tee' means 'no longer', 'ay' means 'you are', 'doo-los' means 'slave' or 'servant', 'al'' means 'but', 'hwee-os' means 'son', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'kai' means 'also', 'klee-ro-noh-mos' means 'heir', 'dee-ah' means 'through' or 'because of', 'theh-oo' means 'God'.
[GAL.4.8] But then, not knowing God, you served those who by nature are not gods. [§]
Alla tote men ouk eidotes theon edouleusate tois phusei me ousin theois.
'Alla' means 'But', 'tote' means 'then' or 'at that time', 'men' is a particle often rendered 'indeed' or 'certainly', 'ouk' means 'not', 'eidotes' means 'knowing' (masc pl participle), 'theon' means 'God' (singular), 'edouleusate' means 'you served' (second person plural aorist), 'tois' means 'to the' (dative plural article), 'phusei' means 'nature', 'me' means 'not', 'ousin' means 'being' (present participle), 'theois' means 'gods' (plural).
[GAL.4.9] Now, having known God, and even more having been known by God, how do you again turn back to the weak and poor elements which you again wish to serve from above? [§]
nyoon de gnontes theon, mallon de gnosthentes hypo theou, pos epistrefete palin epi ta astheni kai ptocha stoicheia hois palin anothen douleuein thelete?
'νῦν' means 'now'; 'δὲ' is a conjunction meaning 'but' or 'and'; 'γνόντες' is a masculine plural participle meaning 'knowing' or 'having known'; 'θεόν' is the Greek noun for 'God' and is translated literally as 'God'; 'μᾶλλον' means 'even more' or 'rather'; 'γνώσθεντες' (here 'γνωσθέντες') is a participle meaning 'having been known'; 'ὑπὸ' with the genitive indicates agency, here 'by'; 'θεοῦ' is the genitive of 'θεός', meaning 'of God' or 'by God', rendered as 'by God'; 'πῶς' means 'how'; 'ἐπιστρέφετε' is a verb meaning 'you turn back' or 'you return'; 'πάλιν' means 'again'; 'ἐπὶ' with accusative means 'to' or 'upon'; 'τὰ' is the neuter plural article 'the'; 'ἀσθενῆ' means 'weak' or 'feeble'; 'καὶ' means 'and'; 'πτωχὰ' means 'poor' or 'destitute'; 'στοιχεῖα' means 'elements' or 'components'; 'οἷς' is a relative pronoun 'which' or 'to which'; 'πάλιν' again 'again'; 'ἄνωθεν' means 'from above' or 'from the beginning'; 'δουλεύειν' is the infinitive 'to serve' or 'to be a slave to'; 'θέλετε' means 'you want' or 'you desire'. The divine names are rendered literally as 'God' in both cases.
[GAL.4.10] Watch the days and months and times and years. [§]
hemeras paratereisthe kai menas kai kairous kai eniautous
'hemeras' means 'days', 'paratereisthe' means 'you keep watch' or 'you observe', 'kai' means 'and', 'menas' means 'months', 'kairous' means 'times' or 'seasons', 'eniautous' means 'years'.
[GAL.4.11] I am afraid of you lest perhaps I have become weary toward you. [§]
phoboumai humas me pos eikei kekopiaka eis humas.
'phoboumai' means 'I am afraid', 'humas' means 'you' (plural accusative), 'me' means 'lest' or 'that not', 'pos' means 'perhaps', 'eikei' means 'I have become', 'kekopiaka' means 'exhausted' or 'weary', 'eis' means 'toward' or 'to', and the second 'humas' again means 'you'.
[GAL.4.12] Become as I am, for I also am as you, brothers, I plead to you. You have done me no wrong. [§]
Ginesthe hos ego, hoti kagō hos hymeis, adelphoi, deomai humon. ouden me edikesate;
'Ginesthe' means 'become' (imperative of ginomai), 'hos' means 'as' or 'like', 'ego' means 'I', 'hoti' means 'because' or 'for', 'kagō' is a contraction of 'kai ego' meaning 'and I' or 'I also', 'hymeis' means 'you (plural)', 'adelphoi' means 'brothers', 'deomai' means 'I plead' or 'I ask', 'humon' means 'of you' (genitive plural), 'ouden' means 'nothing', 'me' means 'me', 'edikesate' is the aorist passive of 'adikō' meaning 'you have been wronged' or 'you have wronged'.
[GAL.4.13] But you know that through the weakness of the flesh I have already proclaimed to you the former. [§]
oidate de hoti di astheneian tes sarkos eu-egg-elisamen hymin to proteron
'oidate' means 'you know', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'hoti' means 'that', 'di' means 'through' (by), 'astheneian' means 'weakness', 'tes' is the genitive article meaning 'of the', 'sarkos' means 'flesh', 'eu-egg-elisamen' means 'I proclaimed the good news', 'hymin' means 'to you', 'to' means 'the', 'proteron' means 'the former' or 'previous thing'.
[GAL.4.14] And you did not despise nor reject your trial in my flesh, but you accepted me as an angel of God, as Christ Jesus. [§]
kai ton peirasmon humon en tei sarki mou ouk exouthenesate oude exepetisate, all hos angelon theou edexasthe me, hos Christon Iesoun.
'kai' means 'and', 'ton' means 'the' (accusative masculine singular), 'peirasmon' means 'temptation' or 'trial', 'humon' means 'your' (plural), 'en' means 'in', 'tei' means 'the' (feminine dative singular), 'sarki' means 'flesh', 'mou' means 'my', 'ouk' means 'not', 'exouthenesate' means 'you despised' (aorist active indicative 2nd person plural), 'oude' means 'nor', 'exepetisate' means 'you rejected' (aorist active indicative 2nd person plural), 'all' means 'but', 'hos' means 'as', 'angelon' means 'angel' (accusative singular), 'theou' means 'God', 'edexasthe' means 'you accepted' (aorist middle/passive indicative 2nd person plural), 'me' means 'me', 'hos' means 'as', 'Christon' means 'Christ' (accusative singular), 'Iesoun' means 'Jesus' (accusative singular).
[GAL.4.15] Where then is your blessedness? For I testify to you that if it were possible for you, having gouged out your eyes, you gave them to me. [§]
pou oun ho makarismos humon; martyrō gar humin hoti ei dynaton tous ophthal mous humon exoryxantes edōkate moi.
'pou' means 'where', 'oun' means 'then', 'ho' means 'the' (masculine nominative), 'makarismos' means 'blessedness' or 'happiness', 'humon' means 'your' (genitive plural), 'martyrō' means 'I testify', 'gar' means 'for', 'humin' means 'to you' (dative plural), 'hoti' means 'that', 'ei' means 'if', 'dynaton' means 'possible' (neuter nominative), 'tous' means 'the' (accusative masculine plural), 'ophthalmous' means 'eyes', 'humon' again means 'your' (genitive plural), 'exoryxantes' means 'having gouged out' (aorist active participle), 'edōkate' means 'you gave' (aorist indicative), 'moi' means 'to me' (dative singular).
[GAL.4.16] Therefore I have become your enemy, speaking the truth to you? [§]
hoste echthros humon gegona aletheuon humin?
'hoste' means 'so that' or 'therefore', 'echthros' means 'enemy', 'humon' means 'your' (genitive plural), 'gegona' means 'I have become' or 'I am', 'aletheuon' means 'speaking truth' or 'being truthful', 'humin' means 'to you' (dative singular).
[GAL.4.17] They are jealous of you not rightly, but they want to plunder you, so that you may be jealous of them. [§]
zelousin humas ou kalos, all ekkleisai humas thelousin, hina autous zeloute.
'zelousin' means 'they are jealous (of)', 'humas' means 'you (plural object)', 'ou' means 'not', 'kalos' means 'good' or 'rightly', 'all' means 'but', 'ekkleisai' means 'to plunder' or 'to take away', 'thelousin' means 'they want', 'hina' means 'so that' or 'in order that', 'autous' means 'them', 'zeloute' means 'you are jealous (of)'. The clause therefore says that some people are jealous of you in a wrong way, they want to plunder you so that you will become jealous of them.
[GAL.4.18] It is good indeed to be zealous in a good way always, and not only when I am present toward you. [§]
kalon de zeilousthai en kalo pantote kai me monon en to pareinai me pros humas.
'kalon' means 'good', 'de' means 'moreover' or 'indeed', 'zeilousthai' means 'to be zealous', 'en' means 'in', 'kalo' means 'good (manner)', 'pantote' means 'always', 'kai' means 'and', 'me' means 'not', 'monon' means 'only', 'en' means 'in', 'to' means 'the', 'pareinai' means 'to be present', 'me' means 'me', 'pros' means 'toward', 'humas' means 'you (plural)'.
[GAL.4.19] my children, whom I again cause pain until Christ may be formed in you. [§]
tekna mou, hous palin odino mechriz hou morphothe Christos en hymin;
'tekna' means 'children', 'mou' means 'my', 'hous' means 'whom', 'palin' means 'again', 'odino' means 'I cause pain' or 'I lament', 'mechriz' means 'until', 'hou' means 'that which', 'morphothe' means 'may be formed', 'Christos' means 'Christ' (the Anointed One), 'en' means 'in', 'hymin' means 'you (plural)'.
[GAL.4.20] I wanted to be with you just now and change my voice, because I am at a loss among you. [§]
Ethelon de pareinai pros humas arti kai allexai ten phonen mou, hoti aporoumai en humin.
'Ethelon' means 'I wanted', 'de' means 'but', 'pareinai' means 'to be present with', 'pros' means 'toward', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'arti' means 'just now', 'kai' means 'and', 'allexai' means 'to change', 'ten' means 'the', 'phonen' means 'voice', 'mou' means 'my', 'hoti' means 'because', 'aporoumai' means 'I am at a loss', 'en' means 'in', 'humin' means 'you (plural)'.
[GAL.4.21] Tell me, you who wish to be under the law, do you not hear the law? [§]
Legete moi, hoi hypo nomon thelontes einai, ton nomon ouk akouete?
'Legete' means 'speak' or 'tell', 'moi' means 'to me', 'hoi' means 'those', 'hypo' means 'under', 'nomon' means 'law', 'thelontes' means 'desiring' or 'who want', 'einai' means 'to be', 'ton' is the accusative article 'the', 'nomon' again means 'law', 'ouk' means 'not', 'akouete' means 'you hear' (plural).
[GAL.4.22] For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one from the maidservant and one from the free woman. [§]
gegraptai gar hoti Abraam duo huious eschen, hena ek tes paidis kai hena ek tes eleutheras.
'gegraptai' means 'it is written', 'gar' means 'for', 'hoti' means 'that', 'Abraam' is the proper name Abraham, 'duo' means 'two', 'huious' means 'sons', 'eschen' means 'he had', 'hena' means 'one', 'ek' means 'from', 'tes' is the genitive article 'the', 'paidis' means 'maidservant' (female slave), 'kai' means 'and', 'eleutheras' means 'free woman'.
[GAL.4.23] But the one born of the slave woman was according to the flesh, and the one born of the free woman was by promise. [§]
All' ho men ek tes paidiskes kata sarka gegennetai, ho de ek tes eleutheras di' epangelias.
'All'' means 'but', 'ho' means 'the', 'men' means 'one' (as in the first of two), 'ek' means 'out of', 'tes' means 'the' (genitive article), 'paidiskes' means 'slave woman', 'kata' means 'according to', 'sarka' means 'flesh', 'gegennetai' means 'was born', 'ho' again 'the', 'de' means 'the other', 'ek' 'out of', 'tes' 'the', 'eleutheras' means 'free woman', 'di'' means 'by', 'epangelias' means 'promise'.
[GAL.4.24] These are figurative; for these are two teachings, one indeed from the mountain Sinai giving birth to servitude, which is Hagar. [§]
hathina estin allegoroumena; hautai gar eisin duo diathekai, mia men apo orous Sina eis douleian gennosa, hetes estin Hagar.
'hathina' means 'which things', 'estin' means 'are', 'allegoroumena' means 'being allegorized' or 'figurative', 'hautai' means 'these', 'gar' means 'for', 'eisin' means 'are', 'duo' means 'two', 'diathekai' means 'teachings' or 'interpretations', 'mia' means 'one', 'men' emphasizes 'indeed', 'apo' means 'from', 'orous' means 'mountain', 'Sina' is the name 'Sinai', 'eis' means 'into', 'douleian' means 'servitude' or 'bondage', 'gennosa' means 'giving birth' or 'producing', 'hetes' means 'which', 'estin' means 'is', and 'Hagar' is a proper name referring to the biblical figure Hagar.
[GAL.4.25] But Hagar's Sinai is a mountain in Arabia; it now abuts Jerusalem, for it serves with its children. [§]
to de Hagar Sina oros estin en te Arabia; systoichei de te nun Ierousalem, douleuei gar meta ton teknon autes.
'to' means 'the', 'de' means 'but', 'Hagar' is a proper name, 'Sina' means 'Sinai', 'oros' means 'mountain', 'estin' means 'is', 'en' means 'in', 'te' is the dative article 'the', 'Arabia' means 'Arabia', 'systoichei' means 'abuts' or 'is joined', 'nun' means 'now', 'Ierousalem' means 'Jerusalem', 'douleuei' means 'serves' or 'works', 'gar' means 'for', 'meta' means 'with', 'ton' is the genitive plural article 'the', 'teknon' means 'children', 'autes' means 'its'.
[GAL.4.26] But the upper Jerusalem is free, which is our mother. [§]
he de ano Ierousalem eleuthera estin, hetes estin meter hemon.
'he' means 'the' (feminine nominative singular); 'de' means 'but' or 'and'; 'ano' means 'upper' or 'above'; 'Ierousalem' is the proper name Jerusalem; 'eleuthera' means 'free' (feminine); 'estin' means 'is'; 'hetes' means 'who' or 'which'; second 'estin' again means 'is'; 'meter' means 'mother'; 'hemon' means 'our'.
[GAL.4.27] For it is written: rejoice, barren one who does not bear, shout and cry, the one who does not weep; because the children of the desert are far more than those of the one who has a man. [§]
gegraptai gar· euphranthiti, steira he ou tiktousa, rhexon kai boeson, he ouk odinousa· hoti polla ta tekna tes eremou mallon e tes echouses ton andra.
'gegraptai' means 'it is written', 'gar' means 'for', 'euphranthiti' is an imperative meaning 'rejoice', 'steira' means 'barren woman', 'he' is the feminine article 'the', 'ou' means 'not', 'tiktousa' means 'bearing' (present participle of 'to give birth'), so 'steira he ou tiktousa' = 'the barren one who does not bear'. 'rhexon' means 'shout', 'kai' means 'and', 'boeson' means 'cry out', forming 'shout and cry'. 'he ouk odinousa' = 'the one who does not weep', with 'ouk' = 'not' and 'odinousa' = 'weeping'. 'hoti' means 'because', 'polla' = 'many', 'ta tekna' = 'the children', 'tes eremou' = 'of the desert', 'mallon' = 'more', 'e' = 'than', 'tes echouses' = 'of the one who has', with 'echouses' meaning 'having', and 'ton andra' = 'the man'. The whole verse thus says: For it is written, rejoice, barren one who does not bear, shout and cry, the one who does not weep; because the children of the desert are far more than those of the one who has a man.
[GAL.4.28] You, brothers, are children of the promise of Isaac. [§]
Hymeis de, adelphoi, kata Isaak epaggelias tekna este.
'Hymeis' means 'you (plural)', 'de' means 'indeed' or 'but', 'adelphoi' means 'brothers', 'kata' means 'according to', 'Isaak' is the name 'Isaac', 'epaggelias' is the genitive of 'epaggelia' meaning 'of the promise', 'tekna' means 'children', 'este' means 'are'.
[GAL.4.29] But just as then the one born according to the flesh was persecuting the one according to the spirit, so also now. [§]
all' hosper tote ho kata sarka gennetheis edioken ton kata pneuma, houtos kai nyn.
'all'' means 'but', 'hosper' means 'just as' or 'as', 'tote' means 'then', 'ho' is the definite article 'the', 'kata sarka' means 'according to flesh', 'gennetheis' is the participle 'having been born', 'edioken' means 'was persecuting', 'ton' is the object article 'the', 'kata pneuma' means 'according to spirit', 'houtos' means 'thus', 'kai' means 'also', 'nyn' means 'now'.
[GAL.4.30] But what does the Scripture say? Cast out the maidservant and her son; for the son of the maid will not inherit with the son of the free woman. [§]
alla ti legei he graphe? ekbale ten paidisken kai ton huion autes; ou gar me klēronomesei ho huios tēs paidisksēs meta tou huiou tēs eleutheras.
'alla' means 'but', 'ti' means 'what', 'legei' means 'says', 'he' means 'the', 'graphe' means 'writing' or 'Scripture', 'ekbale' means 'cast out' or 'expel', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'paidisken' means 'maidservant', 'kai' means 'and', 'ton' is the accusative article 'the', 'huion' means 'son', 'autes' means 'her', 'ou' means 'not', 'gar' means 'for', 'me' is a negative particle 'not', 'klēronomesei' means 'will inherit', 'ho' means 'the', 'huios' means 'son', 'tēs' is the genitive article 'of the', 'paidisksēs' means 'maidservant', 'meta' means 'with' or 'together with', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'huiou' means 'son', 'tēs' again 'of the', 'eleutheras' means 'free woman'.
[GAL.4.31] Therefore, brothers, we are not the children of a maid but of the free woman. [§]
dio, adelphoi, ouk esmen paidiskes tekna alla tes eleutheras.
'dio' means 'therefore', 'adelphoi' means 'brothers', 'ouk' means 'not', 'esmen' means 'we are', 'paidiskes' is the genitive singular of 'paidiskē' meaning 'of a maid', 'tekna' means 'children', 'alla' means 'but', 'tes' is the genitive feminine article 'of the', and 'eleutheras' is the genitive singular of 'eleuthera' meaning 'free woman'.
GAL.5
[GAL.5.1] In freedom Christ has set us free; therefore stand and do not again be placed under the yoke of slavery. [§]
Tē eleutheria hemas Christos eleutherosen; stēkete oun kai mē palin zigō douleias enechesthe.
'Tē' is the dative article meaning 'in the'; 'eleutheria' means 'freedom'; 'hemas' means 'us'; 'Christos' is the title 'Christ'; 'eleutherosen' is the aorist verb meaning 'has set free' or 'has liberated'; 'stēkete' is the plural imperative 'stand'; 'oun' means 'therefore'; 'kai' means 'and'; 'mē' is a negative particle 'not'; 'palin' means 'again'; 'zigō' means 'yoke'; 'douleias' means 'of slavery'; 'enechesthe' is a middle/passive imperative meaning 'be poured' or 'be subjected', here understood as 'be placed' or 'be subjected to'.
[GAL.5.2] Behold, I Paul say to you that if you become circumcised, Christ will not benefit you at all. [§]
Ide ego Paulos legō humin hoti ean peritemnēsthe, Christos humas oudēn ophēlēsē.
'Ide' means 'Behold', 'ego' means 'I', 'Paulos' means the name 'Paul', 'legō' means 'say', 'humin' means 'to you', 'hoti' means 'that', 'ean' means 'if', 'peritemnēsthe' means 'you become circumcised', 'Christos' is the title 'Christ', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'oudēn' means 'nothing', 'ophēlēsē' means 'will benefit'.
[GAL.5.3] I testify again to every man who is circumcised that he is a debtor to keep the whole law. [§]
marturomai de palin panti anthropo peritemnomenoi hoti opheiletes estin holon ton nomon poiesai.
'marturomai' means 'I bear witness' or 'I testify', 'de' is a conjunction meaning 'but' or 'however', 'palin' means 'again', 'panti' means 'to every', 'anthropo' means 'man' or 'person' (dative singular), 'peritemnomenoi' is a participle meaning 'being circumcised', 'hoti' means 'that', 'opheiletes' means 'debtor', 'estin' means 'is', 'holon' means 'whole', 'ton' is the definite article for the accusative masculine singular, 'nomon' means 'law', and 'poiesai' is the infinitive meaning 'to do' or 'to keep'. Together they convey that the speaker testifies again to every circumcised person that he is a debtor who must keep the whole law.
[GAL.5.4] You have been disqualified from Christ, you who are justified in the law, have turned away from grace. [§]
katergithete apo Christou, hoitines en nomo dikaiousthe, tes charitos exepesate.
'katergithete' means 'you have been disqualified', 'apo' means 'from', 'Christou' means 'Christ', 'hoitines' means 'who', 'en' means 'in', 'nomo' means 'law', 'dikaiousthe' means 'are justified', 'tes' means 'of the', 'charitos' means 'grace', 'exepesate' means 'you have turned away'.
[GAL.5.5] For we, by the spirit, from faith, await the hope of righteousness. [§]
hemes gar pnevmati ek pisteos elpida dikaiosunes apekdechometha.
'hemes' means 'we', 'gar' means 'for', 'pnevmati' means 'by the spirit', 'ek' means 'from', 'pisteos' means 'of faith', 'elpida' means 'hope', 'dikaiosunes' means 'of righteousness', 'apekdechometha' means 'we await' or 'we expect'.
[GAL.5.6] For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision nor uncircumcision has any power, but faith working through love. [§]
en gar Christo Iesou oute peritome ti isxuei oute akrobystia alla pistis dia agapes energoumenē
'en' means 'in', 'gar' means 'for', 'Christo' means 'Christ', 'Iesou' means 'Jesus', 'oute' means 'neither', 'peritome' means 'circumcision', 'ti' means 'any', 'isxuei' means 'has power' or 'has value', 'oute' (second occurrence) means 'nor', 'akrobystia' means 'uncircumcision' (the uncircumcised), 'alla' means 'but', 'pistis' means 'faith', 'dia' means 'through', 'agapes' means 'love', 'energoumenē' means 'working' or 'active'.
[GAL.5.7] Run well; who has cut you from the truth, that you will not be persuaded? [§]
Etrechete kalos; tis humas enekopsen [te] aletheia me peithesthai?
'Etrechete' means 'run' (imperative plural), 'kalos' means 'well', 'tis' means 'who', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'enekopsen' means 'has cut' or 'has wounded', '[te] aletheia' means 'the truth' (the bracket indicates the definite article that may be present in the original), 'me' means 'not', and 'peithesthai' means 'to be persuaded' or 'to be convinced'. The phrase is an exhortation followed by a rhetorical question about who has cut you away from the truth so that you will not be persuaded.
[GAL.5.8] The persuasion is not from the one who calls you. [§]
hee pey-smoh-nee ook ek too kah-loon-tos hyoo-mas.
'hee' means 'the' (feminine singular), 'pey-smoh-nee' means 'persuasion' or 'urging', 'ook' means 'not', 'ek' means 'from', 'too' means 'the' (genitive), 'kah-loon-tos' means 'calling' (a participle referring to the one who calls), 'hyoo-mas' means 'you' (plural).
[GAL.5.9] A little leaven leavens the whole dough. [§]
mikra zymi holon to phyrama zymoi.
'mikra' means 'small' or 'little', 'zymi' means 'leaven' or 'yeast', 'holon' means 'all' or 'whole', 'to' is the definite article 'the', 'phyrama' means 'dough' or 'batch', 'zymoi' is the verb 'leavens' (third‑person singular present).
[GAL.5.10] I have trusted in you in the Lord that you will think of nothing else; but the one disturbing you will bear the judgment, whoever he may be. [§]
ego pepoitha eis humas en kyriō hoti ouden allo phronesete; ho de tarassōn humas bastasei to krima, hostis ean ē.
'ego' means 'I', 'pepoitha' means 'have trusted' or 'have relied', 'eis' means 'into' or 'upon', 'humas' means 'you (plural, accusative)', 'en' means 'in', 'kyriō' is the dative of 'Kyrios' which means 'Lord', 'hoti' means 'that', 'ouden' means 'nothing', 'allo' means 'other', 'phronesete' is the future middle/passive of 'phronēō' meaning 'you will think/consider', 'ho' means 'the one who', 'de' means 'but', 'tarassōn' is a present participle of 'tarassō' meaning 'disturbing' or 'troubling', 'humas' again 'you', 'bastasei' is future active of 'bastazō' meaning 'will bear' or 'will carry', 'to' means 'the', 'krima' means 'judgment', 'hostis' means 'whoever', 'ean' means 'if' or 'should', 'ē' is a form of 'to be' meaning 'he may be'.
[GAL.5.11] But I, brothers, if I still preach circumcision, what else am I being persecuted for? Hence the scandal of the cross has been removed. [§]
Ego de, adelfoi, ei peritomen eti kerusso, ti eti diokomai? ara katergtai to scandalon tou stavrou.
'Ego' means 'I', 'de' is a particle meaning 'however' or 'but', 'adelfoi' means 'brothers', 'ei' means 'if', 'peritomen' means 'circumcision', 'eti' means 'still', 'kerusso' means 'I preach', 'ti' means 'what', 'diokomai' means 'I am being persecuted' (or 'pursued'), 'ara' means 'therefore' or 'hence', 'katergtai' means 'has been removed' or 'is abolished', 'to' means 'the', 'scandalon' means 'scandal' or 'stumbling block', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', and 'stavrou' means 'cross'.
[GAL.5.12] He will kill, and the ones who raise you will be cut off. [§]
Ophelon kai apokopsontai hoi anastatountes hymas.
'Ophelon' is a verb meaning 'he/she/it will kill' (from a root meaning to murder). 'kai' means 'and'. 'apokopsontai' is a future passive verb meaning 'they will be cut off' or 'they will be destroyed'. 'hoi' is the definite article meaning 'the'. 'anastatountes' is a present active participle meaning 'those who raise up' or 'those who cause to rise'. 'hymas' is the accusative plural pronoun meaning 'you' (plural).
[GAL.5.13] For you have been called to liberty, brothers; only do not use liberty as an excuse for the flesh, but by love serve one another. [§]
Hymeis gar ep' eleutheria eklethete, adelphoi; monon me ten eleutherian eis aformen tei sarki, alla dia tes agapes douleuete allelois.
'Hymeis' means 'you (plural)', 'gar' means 'for', 'ep'' is a contraction of 'epi' meaning 'upon' or 'in', 'eleutheria' means 'freedom' or 'liberty', 'eklethete' means 'you have been called', 'adelphoi' means 'brothers', 'monon' means 'only', 'me' means 'not', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'eleutherian' is 'freedom' (accusative), 'eis' means 'as' or 'into', 'aformen' means 'an excuse' or 'pretext', 'tei' is the dative article 'the', 'sarki' means 'flesh', 'alla' means 'but', 'dia' means 'through' or 'by', 'tes' is the genitive article 'the', 'agapes' means 'love', 'douleuete' means 'you serve' (present), 'allelois' means 'one another'.
[GAL.5.14] For all the law is fulfilled in one statement, in it: you shall love your neighbor as yourself. [§]
ho gar pas nomos en heni logos pepelrotai, en to agapeseis ton plesion sou hos seauton.
'ho' means 'the', 'gar' means 'for', 'pas' means 'all', 'nomos' means 'law', 'en' means 'in', 'heni' means 'one', 'logos' means 'word' or 'statement', 'pepelrotai' means 'has been fulfilled', 'to' means 'it', 'agapeseis' means 'you shall love', 'ton' means 'the', 'plesion' means 'neighbor', 'sou' means 'your', 'hos' means 'as', 'seauton' means 'yourself'.
[GAL.5.15] If, however, you insult one another and devour one another, watch that you are not destroyed by each other. [§]
ei de allelous daknete kai katesstheite, blepete me hypo allelon analothete.
"ei" means "if", "de" means "but" or "however", "allelous" means "one another" (accusative plural), "daknete" means "insult" or "scold", "kai" means "and", "katesstheite" means "devour" (literally "eat up"), "blepete" means "watch" or "be careful", "me" means "that not" (negative purpose), "hypo" is the preposition "by" or "through", "allelon" means "each other" (genitive plural), "analothete" means "you be destroyed" (passive subjunctive).
[GAL.5.16] But I say, walk in the spirit, and you will not fulfill the desire of the flesh. [§]
Lego de, pneumati peripateite kai epithymian sarkos ou me telesete.
'Lego' means 'I say', 'de' means 'but' or 'however', 'pneumati' is the dative of 'spirit' meaning 'in the spirit', 'peripateite' is the plural imperative of 'to walk', meaning 'walk', 'kai' means 'and', 'epithymian' is the accusative of 'desire', 'sarkos' is the genitive of 'flesh', 'ou me' is an emphatic negation meaning 'surely not' or 'will not', 'telesete' is the future indicative 2nd person plural of 'to fulfill', meaning 'you will fulfill'.
[GAL.5.17] For the flesh desires against the spirit, and the spirit against the flesh; these things are opposed to each other, that you may not do the things you would will. [§]
he gar sarx epithymei kata tou pneumatos, to de pneuma kata tes sarkos, tauta gar allēlois antikeitai, hina me ha ean thelete tauta poiete.
"he" means "the" (feminine nominative singular), "gar" means "for", "sarx" means "flesh", "epithymei" means "desires" or "longs for", "kata" means "against", "tou" is the genitive article "of the", "pneumatos" means "spirit", "to" means "the" (neuter nominative), "de" means "but", "pneuma" means "spirit", "tes" is the genitive article "of the", "sarkos" means "flesh", "tauta" means "these things", "gar" again means "for", "allēlois" means "each other", "antikeitai" means "are opposed", "hina" means "that" (purpose), "me" means "not", "ha" means "the things", "ean" means "if", "thelete" means "you would will", "tauta" again "these things", "poiete" means "you do" (imperative plural).
[GAL.5.18] If you are led by the spirit, you are not under the law. [§]
ei de pneumati agesthe, ouk este hypo nomon.
'ei' means 'if', 'de' means 'but' or 'however' (often a connective), 'pneumati' means 'by the spirit' (dative of pneuma), 'agesthe' means 'you are led' or 'you are being guided' (present middle-passive of agenda), 'ouk' means 'not', 'este' means 'you are' (present indicative of eimi), 'hypo' means 'under' (preposition with genitive), 'nomon' means 'the law' (accusative of nomos).
[GAL.5.19] But the works of the flesh are evident, which are prostitution, impurity, indecency. [§]
phanera de estin ta erga tes sarkos, hatina estin porneia, akatharsia, aselgeia.
'phanera' means 'manifest' or 'obvious', 'de' means 'but', 'estin' means 'is', 'ta' means 'the' (plural neuter), 'erga' means 'works', 'tes' means 'of the', 'sarkos' means 'flesh', 'hatina' means 'which', 'porneia' means 'prostitution' or 'sexual immorality', 'akatharsia' means 'uncleanliness' or 'impurity', 'aselgeia' means 'indecency' or 'profane behavior'.
[GAL.5.20] idol worship, sorcery, enemies, strife, jealousy, anger, disputes, divisions, heresies. [§]
eidololatria, pharmakeia, echthrai, eris, zelo, thymoi, eritheiai, dichostasiai, haireseis
'eidololatria' means 'idol worship', 'pharmakeia' means 'sorcery', 'echthrai' means 'enemies', 'eris' means 'strife', 'zelo' means 'jealousy', 'thymoi' means 'anger', 'eritheiai' means 'disputes', 'dichostasiai' means 'divisions', 'haireseis' means 'heresies'.
[GAL.5.21] Envy, drunkenness, revelries and things similar to these, which I am warning you, as I said that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God. [§]
phthonoi, methai, komoi kai ta homoa toutois, ha prolego humin, kathos proeipon hoti hoi ta toiouta prassontes basileian theou ou kleironomeousin.
'phthonoi' means 'envy', 'methai' means 'drunkenness', 'komoi' means 'revelries', 'kai' means 'and', 'ta' means 'the', 'homoa' means 'similar', 'toutois' means 'to these', forming the phrase 'envy, drunkenness, revelries and things similar to these'. 'ha' means 'which', 'prolego' means 'I am warning', 'humin' means 'to you', together 'which I am warning you'. 'kathos' means 'as', 'proeipon' means 'I said', linking to the previous statement. 'hoti' means 'that', 'hoi' means 'those', 'ta' again 'the', 'toiouta' means 'such', 'prassontes' means 'practicing' or 'doing', forming 'those who practice such things'. 'basileian' means 'kingdom', 'theou' is the genitive of 'theos' meaning 'God', translated as 'God' per instruction, giving 'the kingdom of God'. 'ou' means 'not', 'kleironomeousin' means 'will inherit'.
[GAL.5.22] But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faith. [§]
ho de karpos tou pneumatos estin agape chara eirene, makrothymia chrestotes agathosune, pistis
'ho' means 'the (masculine singular)', 'de' means 'but', 'karpos' means 'fruit', 'tou' means 'of the', 'pneumatos' means 'Spirit', 'estin' means 'is', 'agape' means 'love', 'chara' means 'joy', 'eirene' means 'peace', 'makrothymia' means 'patience' (longsuffering), 'chrestotes' means 'kindness', 'agathosune' means 'goodness', 'pistis' means 'faith'.
[GAL.5.23] Gentleness and self‑control; concerning such matters there is no law. [§]
prautes enkrateia; kata ton toiouton ouk estin nomos.
'prautes' means 'gentleness' or 'mildness', 'enkrateia' means 'self‑control' or 'temperance', 'kata' means 'according to' or 'concerning', 'ton' is the genitive plural article 'of the', 'toiouton' means 'such things' or 'matters', 'ouk' means 'not', 'estin' means 'is', and 'nomos' means 'law'.
[GAL.5.24] But those of Christ [Jesus] crucified the flesh with the sufferings and the desires. [§]
hoi de tou Christou [Iesou] ten sarka estaurosan sun tois pathemasin kai tais epithymiais.
'hoi' means 'the (masc pl)'; 'de' means 'but' or 'and'; 'tou' means 'of the'; 'Christou' means 'Christ'; '[Iesou]' means 'Jesus' (the name of Christ placed in brackets as in the original); 'ten' means 'the' (fem acc); 'sarka' means 'flesh'; 'estaurosan' means 'they crucified'; 'sun' means 'with'; 'tois' means 'the' (dat pl); 'pathemasin' means 'sufferings'; 'kai' means 'and'; 'tais' means 'the' (dat pl); 'epithymiais' means 'desires' or 'longings'.
[GAL.5.25] If we live by the spirit, we also stand by the spirit. [§]
Ei zomen pneumati, pneumati kai stoichomen.
'Ei' means 'if', 'zomen' means 'we live', 'pneumati' is the dative of 'pneuma' meaning 'by (the) spirit' and is repeated for emphasis, 'kai' means 'and' or 'also', 'stoichomen' is a present middle/passive form meaning 'we stand' or 'we endure'.
[GAL.5.26] Let us not become vain, provoking each other, envying one another. [§]
me ginometha kenodoksoi, allhlous prokaloumenoi, allhlois phthonountes.
'me' means 'not', 'ginometha' means 'let us become' (middle/passive form of the verb to become), 'kenodoksoi' means 'vain' or 'empty of opinion', 'allhlous' means 'each other' (accusative plural), 'prokaloumenoi' means 'being provoked' or 'calling forth', 'allhlois' means 'to each other' (dative plural), 'phthonountes' means 'being jealous' or 'envying'.
GAL.6
[GAL.6.1] Brothers, if even a person is caught in any sin, you who are spiritual should correct such a one in the spirit of gentleness, watching yourself that you also are not tempted. [§]
Adelphoi, ean kai prolemphē anthrōpos en tini paraphtōmati, hymeis hoi pneumatikoi katartizete ton toiouton en pneumati prautētos, skopōn seauton mē kai su peirastheis.
'Adelphoi' means 'brothers', 'ean' means 'if', 'kai' means 'and', 'prolemphē' means 'is caught' or 'is entangled', 'anthrōpos' means 'person' or 'man', 'en' means 'in', 'tini' means 'any', 'paraphtōmati' means 'transgression' or 'sin', 'hymeis' means 'you (plural)', 'hoi' means 'the', 'pneumatikoi' means 'spiritual', 'katartizete' means 'correct' or 'restore', 'ton' means 'the', 'toiouton' means 'such one', 'en' means 'in', 'pneumati' means 'spirit', 'prautētos' means 'gentleness', 'skopōn' means 'watching' or 'considering', 'seauton' means 'yourself', 'mē' means 'not', 'kai' means 'also', 'su' means 'you', 'peirastheis' means 'you may be tempted'.
[GAL.6.2] Carry each other's burdens, and thus you will fulfill the law of Christ. [§]
Allelon ta bare bastazete kai houtos anaplerosite ton nomon tou Christou.
'Allelon' means 'each other's', 'ta' means 'the', 'bare' means 'burdens', 'bastazete' means 'you (plural) bear' or 'carry', 'kai' means 'and', 'houtos' means 'thus' or 'in this way', 'anaplerosite' means 'you (plural) will fulfill' or 'complete', 'ton' means 'the' (accusative), 'nomon' means 'law', 'tou' means 'of', and 'Christou' means 'Christ' (the Anointed One).
[GAL.6.3] If indeed anyone thinks he is something while being nothing, he deceives himself. [§]
ei gar dokei tis einai ti meden on, phrenapatai heauton.
'ei' means 'if', 'gar' means 'for' or 'indeed', 'dokei' means 'thinks' or 'appears', 'tis' means 'someone' or 'anyone', 'einai' means 'to be', 'ti' means 'something', 'meden' means 'nothing', 'on' means 'being' (present participle of 'to be'), 'phrenapatai' means 'deceives himself' (from 'phrenapto' to fool), 'heauton' means 'himself'.
[GAL.6.4] But each one should test his own work, and then only for himself will the boast exist, not for the other. [§]
to de ergon heautou dokimazeto hekastos, kai tote eis heauton monon to kauchema hexei kai ouk eis ton heteron.
'to' means 'the' (neuter article), 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'ergon' means 'work' or 'deed', 'heautou' means 'of himself' (reflexive), 'dokimazeto' means 'let test' (imperative of 'to try' directed to each), 'hekastos' means 'each', 'kai' means 'and', 'tote' means 'then', 'eis' means 'into' or 'for', 'heauton' means 'himself', 'monon' means 'only', 'to' again 'the', 'kauchema' means 'boast' or 'pride', 'hexei' means 'will have', 'ouk' means 'not', 'eis' again 'into/for', 'ton' is 'the' (masc. acc.), 'heteron' means 'the other' or 'another'.
[GAL.6.5] Each will bear his own load. [§]
hekastos gar to idion fortion basasei.
'hekastos' means 'each', 'gar' means 'for', 'to' means 'the', 'idion' means 'own', 'fortion' means 'load' or 'burden', 'basasei' means 'will bear' or 'will carry'.
[GAL.6.6] Let the instructed one share the word with the one who instructs in all good things. [§]
Koinoneito de ho katechoumenos ton logon to katechounti en pasin agathois.
'Koinoneito' is the imperative form meaning 'let him/her/it share', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'ho' is the definite article 'the', 'katechoumenos' is a participle meaning 'the instructed one', 'ton logon' means 'the word', 'to' is the dative article 'to the', 'katechounti' is a participle meaning 'the one who instructs', 'en' means 'in', 'pasin' means 'all', 'agathois' means 'good (things)'.
[GAL.6.7] Do not be deceived, God is not mocked. For whatever a man sows, that also he will reap. [§]
Me planasthe, theos ou mykterizetai. ho gar ean speirei anthropos, touto kai thersei.
'Me' means 'do not', 'planasthe' means 'be deceived' (imperative plural), 'theos' means 'God', 'ou' means 'not', 'mykterizetai' means 'is mocked', 'ho' means 'that which', 'gar' means 'for', 'ean' means 'if', 'speirei' means 'sows', 'anthropos' means 'man', 'touto' means 'this', 'kai' means 'also', 'thersei' means 'will reap'. The name 'theos' is rendered as 'God' in accordance with the literal translation of divine names.
[GAL.6.8] Because the one who sows into his own flesh, from the flesh, will reap decay, but the one who sows into the spirit, from the spirit, will reap eternal life. [§]
hoti ho speiron eis ten sarka heautou ek tes sarkos thērisei phthoran, ho de speiron eis to pneuma ek tou pneumatos thērisei zōēn aionion.
'hoti' means 'because', 'ho' means 'the', 'speiron' means 'sower', 'eis' means 'into', 'ten' means 'the' (feminine accusative), 'sarka' means 'flesh', 'heautou' means 'his own', 'ek' means 'from', 'tes' means 'the' (genitive feminine), 'sarkos' means 'of the flesh', 'thērisei' means 'will reap', 'phthoran' means 'decay' or 'corruption'. The second clause: 'ho' means 'but the', 'de' means 'however', 'speiron' again 'sower', 'eis' 'into', 'to' 'the' (neuter accusative), 'pneuma' means 'spirit', 'ek' 'from', 'tou' 'the' (genitive masculine/neuter), 'pneumatos' means 'of the spirit', 'thērisei' 'will reap', 'zōēn' means 'life', 'aionion' means 'eternal'.
[GAL.6.9] But let us not spoil the good we are doing, for in our own time we will reap, not being loosened. [§]
to de kalon poiousantes me engakomen, kairo gar idio therisomen me eklyomenoi.
'to' means 'the (neuter singular)', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'kalon' means 'good' or 'beautiful', 'poiousantes' means 'doing' (a participle of 'poieo' = to do or make), 'me' means 'not' (negative particle), 'engakomen' means 'we spoil' or 'we corrupt' (first person plural present subjunctive of 'engakoo'), 'kairo' means 'time' (dative singular), 'gar' means 'for', 'idio' means 'own' or 'personal', 'therosomen' means 'we will reap' (future indicative of 'therizo'), 'me' again means 'not', 'eklyomenoi' means 'being loosened' or 'being released' (present participle of 'eklyo'). The phrase strings together a negative exhortation about corrupting good deeds, followed by a promise of reaping in one's proper time without being loosened.
[GAL.6.10] Therefore, since we have time, let us do good toward all, especially toward the household of the faith. [§]
Ara oun hos kairon echomen, ergazometha to agathon pros pantas, malista de pros tous oikeious tes pisteos.
'Ara' means 'therefore' or 'so', 'oun' is a particle meaning 'then', 'hos' means 'as', 'kairon' means 'time' or 'season', 'echomen' means 'we have', 'ergazometha' means 'let us work' or 'we work', 'to' is the definite article 'the', 'agathon' means 'good' (as a noun, the good thing), 'pros' means 'toward' or 'for', 'pantas' means 'all', 'malista' means 'especially' or 'most', 'de' is a conjunction often rendered 'indeed' or 'but', 'tous oikeious' means 'the household members' or 'relatives', 'tes' is the genitive article 'of', and 'pisteos' means 'faith'.
[GAL.6.11] See, with your small letters, I wrote with my own hand. [§]
Ideite pelikois humin grammasin egrapsa tei emei cheiri.
'Ideite' means 'see' (imperative plural). 'pelikois' means 'with small' or 'by little' (dative plural of an adjective meaning small). 'humin' means 'to you (plural)'. 'grammasin' means 'letters' (dative plural). 'egrapsa' means 'I wrote' (aorist indicative). 'tei' means 'the' (dative singular feminine). 'emei' means 'my' (possessive). 'cheiri' means 'hand' (dative singular).
[GAL.6.12] Those who want to appear respectable in the flesh, these force you to be circumcised, only so that they may not be persecuted by the cross of Christ. [§]
Hosoi thelou sin euprosopesai en sarki, houtoi anankazousin humas peritemnesthai, monon hina to stauro tou Christou me diokontai.
'Hosoi' means 'those who', 'thelou' means 'want', 'sin' is the particle attaching to the verb, 'euprosopesai' means 'to appear respectable', 'en sarki' means 'in the flesh', 'houtoi' means 'these', 'anankazousin' means 'force', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'peritemnesthai' means 'to be circumcised', 'monon' means 'only', 'hina' means 'so that', 'to stauro' means 'the cross', 'tou Christou' means 'of Christ', 'me' means 'not', 'diokontai' means 'they are persecuted'.
[GAL.6.13] For even those who are circumcised themselves do not keep the law, but they want you to be circumcised, that in your own flesh they may boast. [§]
oude gar hoi peritemnomenoi autoi nomon phylassousin alla thelousin humas peritemnesthai, hina en te humetera sarki kauchessontai.
'oude' means 'not', 'gar' means 'for', 'hoi' means 'the' (plural article), 'peritemnomenoi' means 'those who are circumcised', 'autoI' means 'themselves', 'nomon' means 'law', 'phylassousin' means 'keep', 'alla' means 'but', 'thelousin' means 'they want', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'peritemnesthai' means 'to be circumcised', 'hina' means 'that/so that', 'en' means 'in', 'te' is a particle, 'humetera' means 'your', 'sarki' means 'flesh', 'kauchessontai' means 'they brag or boast'.
[GAL.6.14] But may it not be for me to boast unless it is in the cross of the Lord our Jesus Christ, through which for me the world is crucified and I [am] to the world. [§]
Emoi de me genoito kaukhastai ei me en to stauro tou kyriou hemon Iesou Christou, di' hou emoi kosmos estaurōtai k'ego kosmo.
'Emoi' means 'to me', 'de' means 'but', 'me' (negative particle) means 'not', 'genoito' means 'may it happen' (optative, here part of the phrase 'may it not be'), 'kaukhastai' means 'to boast', 'ei' means 'if', 'me' (negative) means 'not', 'en' means 'in', 'to' is the dative article 'the', 'stauro' means 'cross', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'kyriou' means 'Lord' (the divine title Kyrios rendered as 'Lord'), 'hemon' means 'our', 'Iesou' means 'Jesus', 'Christou' means 'Christ', 'di'' is the contracted preposition 'through', 'hou' means 'by which', 'emoi' again 'to me', 'kosmos' means 'world', 'estaurōtai' means 'is crucified', 'k'ego' is a contraction of 'and I', and 'kosmo' is the dative of 'world', meaning 'to/for the world'. The verse therefore speaks of boasting only in the cross of the Lord Jesus Christ, because through that cross the world is crucified for me and I am (in relation to) the world.
[GAL.6.15] For neither is circumcision nor uncircumcision, but a new creation. [§]
oute gar peritome ti estin oute akrobystia alla kaine ktisis.
'oute' means 'neither', 'gar' means 'for' (introducing an explanation), 'peritome' means 'circumcision', 'ti' means 'what' or 'that which', 'estin' means 'is', 'akrobystia' means 'uncircumcision', 'alla' means 'but', 'kaine' means 'new', 'ktisis' means 'creation' (or 'creature').
[GAL.6.16] And those who uphold this rule, peace upon them and mercy and upon Israel of God. [§]
kai hosoi to kanoni toutoi stoichesousin, eirene ep' autous kai eleos kai epi ton Israel tou theou.
'kai' means 'and', 'hosoi' means 'those who' or 'whoever', 'to' is the dative article 'to' meaning 'to/for the', 'kanoni' means 'rule' or 'standard', 'toutoi' means 'this', 'stoichesousin' means 'will stand' or 'will uphold', 'eirene' means 'peace', 'ep'' (short for 'epi') means 'upon', 'autous' means 'them', 'kai' again means 'and', 'eleos' means 'mercy', another 'kai' means 'and', 'epi' means 'upon', 'ton' is the accusative article for masculine singular, 'Israel' is the proper name Israel, 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', and 'theou' means 'God'.
[GAL.6.17] From now on, let no one give me labor; for I bear the marks of Jesus in my body. [§]
Tou loipou kopous moi mhedes parecheto; ego gar ta stigmata tou Iesou en to somati mou bastazo.
'Tou' means 'of the', 'loipou' means 'remaining' or 'later', 'kopous' means 'labor' or 'effort', 'moi' means 'to me', 'mhedes' means 'no one', 'parecheto' means 'should give' (imperative), 'ego' means 'I', 'gar' means 'for', 'ta' means 'the' (plural neuter), 'stigmata' means 'marks' or 'stigmata', 'tou' means 'of the', 'Iesou' means 'Jesus', 'en' means 'in', 'to' means 'the', 'somati' means 'body', 'mou' means 'my', 'bastazo' means 'carry' or 'bear'.
[GAL.6.18] Grace of our Lord Jesus Christ with your spirit, brothers; amen. [§]
He charis tou kuriou hemon Iesou Christou meta tou pneumatos humon, adelfoi; ameen.
'He' means 'the', 'charis' means 'grace', 'tou' means 'of the', 'kuriou' means 'Lord' (the divine name kyrios rendered as Lord), 'hemon' means 'our', 'Iesou' means 'Jesus', 'Christou' means 'Christ', 'meta' means 'with', 'tou' again means 'the', 'pneumatos' means 'spirit', 'humon' means 'your', 'adelfoi' means 'brothers', 'ameen' means 'amen', a declaration of affirmation.