2CO (Saint Paul's second letter to the Corinthians)
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2CO.1
[2CO.1.1] Paul apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God and Timothy the brother to the church of God which is in Corinth with all the saints who are in the whole region of Achaia. [§]
Paulos apostolos Christou Iesou dia thelematos theou kai Timotheos ho adelfos te ekklesia tou theou te ousi en Korintho sun tois hagiois pasin tois ousin en holi te Achaia
'Paulos' means 'Paul', 'apostolos' means 'apostle', 'Christou' means 'of Christ', 'Iesou' means 'Jesus', 'dia' means 'by' or 'through', 'thelematos' means 'will' or 'purpose', 'theou' means 'of God', 'kai' means 'and', 'Timotheos' means 'Timothy', 'ho' means 'the', 'adelfos' means 'brother', 'te' (dative article) means 'to the', 'ekklesia' means 'church', 'tou' means 'of the', 'theou' again means 'God', 'te' (dative) means 'which is', 'ousi' means 'being' or 'existing', 'en' means 'in', 'Korintho' means 'Corinth', 'sun' means 'with', 'tois' means 'the', 'hagios' means 'holy' or 'saints', 'pasin' means 'all', 'tois' again 'the', 'ousin' means 'who are', 'en' again 'in', 'holi' means 'the whole', 'te' (dative) means 'the', 'Achaia' is a region of Greece.
[2CO.1.2] Grace to you and peace from God our Father and Lord Jesus Christ. [§]
charis humin kai eirene apo theou patros hemwn kai kyriou Iesou Christou.
'charis' means 'grace', 'humin' means 'to you (plural)', 'kai' means 'and', 'eirene' means 'peace', 'apo' means 'from', 'theou' means 'God', 'patros' means 'father', 'hemwn' means 'our', 'kyriou' means 'Lord', 'Iesou' means 'Jesus', 'Christou' means 'Christ'.
[2CO.1.3] Blessed is the God and father of our Lord Jesus Christ, the father of mercies and God of all encouragement. [§]
Eulogetos ho theos kai pater tou kyriou hemon Iesous Christou, ho pater ton oiktirmon kai theos pases parakleoses.
'Eulogetos' means 'Blessed', 'ho' is the definite article 'the', 'theos' means 'God', 'kai' means 'and', 'pater' means 'father', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'kyriou' means 'Lord' (translated as 'Lord'), 'hemon' means 'our', 'Iesous' means 'Jesus', 'Christou' means 'Christ', the second clause repeats 'ho pater' ('the father'), 'ton' is the genitive article 'of the', 'oiktirmon' means 'mercies', 'kai' means 'and', 'theos' again 'God', 'pases' means 'all', 'parakleoses' means 'encouragements' or 'consolations'.
[2CO.1.4] The one encouraging us in every affliction of ours to be able us to encourage those in every affliction through the encouragement which we ourselves are encouraged by the God. [§]
ho parakalon hemas epi pase te thlipsei hemon eis to dunastai hemas parakalein tous en pase thlipsei dia tes parakleseos hes parakaloumetha autoi hypo tou Theou.
'ho' means 'the (masculine singular article)', 'parakalon' means 'encouraging' or 'comforting', 'hemas' means 'us', 'epi' means 'upon' or 'in', 'pase' means 'every' (feminine dative singular), 'te' means 'the' (dative singular), 'thlipsei' means 'affliction' or 'tribulation', 'hemon' means 'our', 'eis' means 'to' or 'into', 'to' means 'the' (neuter accusative), 'dunastai' means 'being able' or 'to be able', 'hemas' again means 'us', 'parakalein' means 'to encourage', 'tous' means 'those' (accusative masculine plural), 'en' means 'in', 'pase' again 'every', 'thlipsei' again 'affliction', 'dia' means 'through', 'tes' means 'the' (genitive feminine singular), 'parakleseos' means 'encouragement' (genitive singular), 'hes' means 'which', 'parakaloumetha' means 'we are encouraged', 'autoi' means 'we ourselves', 'hypo' means 'by', 'tou' means 'the' (genitive masculine singular), 'Theou' means 'God'.
[2CO.1.5] Because as the sufferings of Christ overflow to us, so through Christ also overflow our comfort. [§]
hoti kathos perisseuei ta pather tou Christou eis hemas, houtos dia tou Christou perisseuei kai he paraklesis hemon.
'hoti' means 'because', 'kathos' means 'as', 'perisseuei' means 'overflows' or 'abounds', 'ta' is the article 'the', 'pather' means 'sufferings', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'Christou' means 'Christ', 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'hemas' means 'us', 'houtos' means 'so', 'dia' means 'through', 'kai' means 'also', 'he' is the article 'the', 'paraklesis' means 'encouragement' or 'comfort', 'hemon' means 'our'.
[2CO.1.6] Whether we are being afflicted for your intercession and salvation; or whether we are being encouraged for your intercession which is active in endurance of the same sufferings that we also endure. [§]
eite de thlivometha, hyper tes humon parakleseos kai soterias; eite parakaloumetha, hyper tes humon parakleseos tes energoumenes en hupomoni ton auton pathimenon hon kai hemeis paschomen.
'eite' means 'whether' or 'either'; 'de' is a conjunction often rendered 'but' or 'and'; 'thlivometha' is the middle-passive form of 'thlivo', meaning 'we are afflicted' or 'we suffer'; 'hyper' means 'on behalf of' or 'for'; 'tes' is the genitive feminine article 'of the'; 'humon' means 'your' (plural); 'parakleseos' is the genitive of 'paraklesis', meaning 'intercession' or 'encouragement'; 'kai' means 'and'; 'soterias' is the genitive of 'soteria', meaning 'salvation'; the semicolon marks a pause; the second 'eite' repeats 'whether'; 'parakaloumetha' is the middle-passive of 'parakaleo', meaning 'we are being encouraged' or 'we are being comforted'; the second 'parakleseos' repeats 'your intercession'; 'tes energoumenes' is 'the active' (feminine genitive) describing the intercession; 'en' means 'in'; 'hupomoni' means 'endurance' or 'patience'; 'ton' is the genitive plural article 'of the'; 'auton' means 'the same' or 'their'; 'pathimenon' is the genitive plural of 'pathos', meaning 'sufferings'; 'hon' means 'of which'; 'kai' again 'and'; 'hemeis' means 'we'; 'paschomen' is the present indicative active of 'pascho', meaning 'we suffer'. No divine names appear in this verse, so the standard translations of those names are not applied here.
[2CO.1.7] And our hope for you is firm, knowing that as you are partners in the sufferings, so also in the exhortation. [§]
Kai he elpis hemon bebaia hyper humon eidotes hoti hos koinonoi este ton pathematon, houtos kai tes paraklaseos.
'Kai' means 'and', 'he' is the feminine article 'the', 'elpis' means 'hope', 'hem
on' means 'our', 'bebaia' means 'firm' or 'secure', 'hyper' means 'concerning' or 'on behalf of', 'humon' means 'you (plural)', 'eidotes' means 'knowing' (literally 'having known'), 'hoti' means 'that', 'hos' means 'as', 'koinonoi' means 'partners' or 'fellowship members', 'este' means 'you are', 'ton' is the genitive article 'of the', 'pathematon' means 'sufferings' or 'trials', 'houtos' means 'thus' or 'in the same way', 'kai' again means 'and', 'tes' is the genitive article 'of the', 'paraklaseos' means 'exhortation' or 'encouragement'.
[2CO.1.8] For we do not want you, brothers, to be ignorant concerning the affliction of our (people) that has arisen in Asia, because, by an excess beyond our strength, we have been weighed so that we might be bewildered and to live. [§]
Ou gar thelomen humas agnoein, adelphoi, hyper tes thlipseos hemon tes genomenes en te Asia, hoti kath' hyperbolen hyper dunamin ebarethen hoste exaporetethenai hemas kai tou zen
'Ou' means 'not', 'gar' means 'for', 'thelomen' means 'we desire', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'agnoein' means 'to be ignorant of', 'adelphoi' means 'brothers', 'hyper' means 'concerning/over', 'tes' is the genitive article 'of the', 'thlipseos' means 'affliction', 'hemon' means 'our', another 'tes' same, 'genomenes' means 'that has arisen', 'en' means 'in', 'te' is the dative article 'the', 'Asia' means 'Asia', 'hoti' means 'because', 'kath'' is a contraction of 'kata' meaning 'according to', 'hyperbolen' means 'excess', 'hyper' again 'beyond', 'dunamin' means 'strength', 'ebarethen' means 'we have been weighed', 'hoste' means 'so that', 'exaporetethenai' means 'we might be bewildered', 'hemas' means 'us', 'kai' means 'and', 'tou' means 'the', 'zen' means 'to live'.
[2CO.1.9] But we ourselves have taken the answer of death within us, so that we may not be confident in ourselves but in God who raises the dead. [§]
all' autoi en heautois to apokrima tou thanatou eschekamen, hina me pepoithotes omen eph' heautois all' epi to thei to egeironti tous nekrous;
'all'' means 'but', 'autoi' means 'we ourselves', 'en' means 'in', 'heautois' means 'ourselves', 'to' means 'the', 'apokrima' means 'answer' or 'reproof', 'tou' means 'of the', 'thanatou' means 'death', 'eschekamen' means 'we have taken' or 'we have assumed', 'hina' means 'so that', 'me' means 'not', 'pepoithotes' means 'confident' or 'relying', 'omen' means 'we may be', 'eph'' is contraction of 'upon' or 'in', 'heautois' again 'ourselves', 'all'' again 'but', 'epi' means 'upon' or 'in', 'to' means 'the', 'thei' is the dative of 'theos' meaning 'God', 'to' again 'the', 'egeironti' means 'who raises', 'tous' means 'the', 'nekrous' means 'dead'.
[2CO.1.10] who from such death rescued us and will rescue, to whom we hoped that also will rescue. [§]
hos ek telikoutou thanatou errysato hemas kai rhysetai, eis hon elpikamen hoti kai eti rhysetai,
'hos' means 'who', 'ek' means 'from', 'telikoutou' means 'such', 'thanatou' means 'death', 'errysato' means 'rescued', 'hemas' means 'us', 'kai' means 'and', 'rhysetai' means 'will rescue', 'eis' means 'to' or 'into', 'hon' means 'whom', 'elpikamen' means 'we hoped', 'hoti' means 'that', 'eti' means 'also', 'rhysetai' means 'will rescue' again.
[2CO.1.11] Those who cooperate with you for our sake in prayer, that from many persons the gift to us may be given thanks on our behalf. [§]
synypourgonton kai humon hyper hemon te deesei, hina ek pollon prosopon to eis hemas charisma dia pollon eucharistethe hyper hemon.
'synypourgonton' means 'those who cooperate together', 'kai' means 'and', 'humon' means 'of you', 'hyper' means 'on behalf of', 'hemon' means 'us', 'te' is the dative article meaning 'the', 'deesei' means 'prayer' or 'supplication', 'hina' means 'that', 'ek' means 'from', 'pollon' means 'many', 'prosopon' means 'persons' or 'faces', 'to' is the neuter article meaning 'the', 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'hemas' means 'us', 'charisma' means 'gift', 'dia' means 'through', 'pollon' again means 'many', 'eucharistethe' means 'may be given thanks' (aorist passive subjunctive), 'hyper' again means 'on behalf of', 'hemon' again means 'us'.
[2CO.1.12] For this is our boasting, the testimony of our conscience, that in the simplicity and sincerity of God, and not in fleshly wisdom but in the grace of God, we have turned in the world, more so toward you. [§]
He gar kaukhisis hemon hautey estin, to marturion tes syneideseos hemon, hoti en haploteti kai eilikrineia tou theou, kai ouk en sofiai sarkikei all en chariti theou, anestraphimen en toi kosmo, perissoteros de pros hymas.
'He' is the feminine article 'the'; 'gar' means 'for'; 'kaukhesis' means 'boasting'; 'hemon' means 'our'; 'hautey' means 'this'; 'estin' means 'is'; 'to' means 'the' (neuter); 'marturion' means 'testimony'; 'tes' means 'of the' (genitive); 'syneideseos' means 'conscience'; 'hemon' again 'our'; 'hoti' means 'that'; 'en' means 'in'; 'haploteti' means 'simplicity'; 'kai' means 'and'; 'eilikrineia' means 'sincerity'; 'tou' means 'of the'; 'theou' means 'God' (translated as "God"); 'kai' means 'and'; 'ouk' means 'not'; 'en' means 'in'; 'sofiai' means 'wisdom'; 'sarkikei' means 'fleshly'; 'all' means 'but'; 'en' means 'in'; 'chariti' means 'grace'; 'theou' again means 'God'; 'anestraphimen' means 'we turned' or 'we have been turned'; 'en' means 'in'; 'toi' means 'the' (dative); 'kosmo' means 'world'; 'perissoteros' means 'more' or 'greater'; 'de' means 'but' or 'however'; 'pros' means 'toward'; 'hymas' means 'you (plural)'. The divine name "theou" is rendered literally as "God" according to the given naming conventions.
[2CO.1.13] For we are not writing other things to you but those that you read and also understand; I hope that until the end you will understand. [§]
ou gar alla grapho men hymin all' he ha anaginoskete e kai epiginoskte; elpizo de hoti heos telous epignosesthe
'ou' means 'not', 'gar' means 'for', 'alla' means 'other', 'grapho men' means 'we write', 'hymin' means 'to you', 'all'' (contraction of 'alla') means 'but', 'he' means 'that which', 'ha' means 'those', 'anaginoskete' means 'you read', 'e' means 'and', 'epiginoskte' means 'you understand', 'elpizo' means 'I hope', 'de' means 'but', 'hoti' means 'that', 'heos' means 'until', 'telous' means 'the end', 'epignosesthe' means 'you will understand'.
[2CO.1.14] As you have recognized us partially, we are your boasting just as you are ours on the day of the Lord our Jesus. [§]
kathos kai epignote hemas apo merous, hoti kauchema humon esmen kathaper kai hymeis hemon en te hemera tou kyriou [hemon] Iesou.
'kathos' means 'as', 'kai' means 'and', 'epignote' means 'you have recognized', 'hemas' means 'us', 'apo' means 'from', 'merous' means 'part', 'hoti' means 'that', 'kauchema' means 'boasting' or 'pride', 'humon' means 'your', 'esmen' means 'we are', 'kathaper' means 'just as', 'hymeis' means 'you', 'hemon' means 'our', 'en' means 'in', 'te' means 'the', 'hemera' means 'day', 'tou' means 'of the', 'kyriou' means 'Lord' (translated literally as Lord), '[hemon]' is a parenthetical 'our', and 'Iesou' means 'Jesus'. The phrase 'kauchema humon' is an idiom meaning 'your boasting' or 'the thing you brag about about us', and 'hymeis hemon' similarly means 'our boasting about you'. The verse contrasts mutual boasting on the day of the Lord our Jesus.
[2CO.1.15] And with this confidence I had wanted earlier to come to you, that you might receive a second grace. [§]
Kai taute tei pepoithese e eboulomen proteron pros humas elthein, hina deuteran charin skhete.
'Kai' means 'and', 'taute' means 'this' (feminine dative), 'tei' means 'the' (feminine dative article), 'pepoithese' means 'confidence' or 'faith', 'e' is the conjunction 'that', 'eboulomen' means 'I wanted' or 'I intended', 'proteron' means 'earlier' or 'beforehand', 'pros' means 'to' or 'toward', 'humas' means 'you' (plural object), 'elthein' means 'to come' (infinitive), 'hina' means 'so that' or 'that', 'deuteran' means 'second', 'charin' means 'grace' or 'favor', 'skhete' means 'you may obtain' or 'receive'.
[2CO.1.16] and through you to go into Macedonia and again from Macedonia to come toward you and by you to be sent ahead into Judea. [§]
kai di humon dielthein eis Makedonian kai palin apo Makedonias elthein pros humas kai hyph humon propemphthenai eis ten Ioudaian.
'kai' means 'and', 'di' (short for 'dia') means 'through', 'humon' means 'you (plural, genitive)', 'dielthein' means 'to go through', 'eis' means 'into', 'Makedonian' means 'Macedonia', 'palin' means 'again', 'apo' means 'from', 'Makedonias' means 'Macedonia (genitive)', 'elthein' means 'to come', 'pros' means 'to/toward', 'humas' means 'you (plural, accusative)', 'hyph' (short for 'hypo') means 'by', 'propemphthenai' means 'to be sent ahead', 'ten' is the definite article 'the', 'Ioudaian' means 'Judea'.
[2CO.1.17] So then, intending, why indeed did I use the lightness? Or what I am deliberating concerning flesh I also deliberate, that it may be with me the yes yes and the no no. [§]
touto oun boulomenos meti ara te elaphria echresamen? e ha bouleuomai kata sarka bouleuomai, hina e par emoi to nai nai kai to ou ou;
'touto' means 'this', 'oun' means 'therefore', 'boulomenos' means 'desiring' or 'intending', 'meti' means 'why', 'ara' means 'then' or 'therefore', 'te' is the dative article 'to the', 'elaphria' means 'lightness', 'echresamen' means 'I used', 'e' means 'or', 'ha' means 'what', 'bouleuomai' means 'I deliberate', 'kata' means 'according to' or 'against', 'sarka' means 'flesh', the second 'bouleuomai' repeats 'I deliberate', 'hina' means 'so that', 'e' (epsilon with rough breathing) means 'it may be', 'par' means 'with' or 'by', 'emoi' means 'to me' (dative), 'to' means 'the', 'nai' means 'yes', 'kai' means 'and', 'ou' means 'no'.
[2CO.1.18] But God is faithful that the word we have to you is not yes and no. [§]
pistos de ho theos hoti ho logos hemon ho pros humas ouk estin nai kai ou.
'pistos' means 'faithful', 'de' means 'but' or 'however', 'ho theos' means 'God', 'hoti' means 'that' or 'because', 'ho logos' means 'the word', 'hemon' means 'our', 'ho pros humas' means 'to you' or 'addressed to you', 'ouk' means 'not', 'estin' means 'is', 'nai' means 'yes', 'kai' means 'and', 'ou' means 'no'.
[2CO.1.19] For the Son of God, Jesus Christ, who is among you, proclaimed through us—through me and Silas and Timothy—was not a negative or a hesitation but an affirmation that has been fulfilled in him. [§]
ho tou theou gar huios Iesous Christos ho en humin di' hemon kerychtheis, di' emou kai Silouanou kai Timotheou, ouk egeneto nai kai ou alla nai en auto gegonen.
'ho' is the definite article meaning 'the'. 'tou theou' is the genitive of 'theos', which translates literally as 'God', so 'of God' becomes 'God's'. 'gar' means 'for' or 'because'. 'huios' means 'son'. 'Iesous Christos' is the proper name 'Jesus Christ'. 'ho en humin' literally 'the one in you', i.e., 'the one among you'. 'di'' is a contraction of 'dia', meaning 'through'. 'hemon' is the genitive of 'we', so 'through us'. 'kerychtheis' is the aorist passive participle of 'kerysso', meaning 'having been proclaimed' or 'preached'. 'di' emou kai Silouanou kai Timotheou' adds 'through me and Silas and Timothy'. The phrase 'ouk egeneto nai kai ou alla nai' contains the word 'nai' which means 'yes'. Literally it reads 'it was not yes and not but yes', an idiomatic way of saying that there was no negative or hesitation, but a clear affirmation. 'en auto gegonen' means 'has become in him' or 'has been accomplished in him'. The translation renders this idiom loosely as an affirmation that was fulfilled in him.
[2CO.1.20] For all the promises of God are in him, the yes; therefore also through him the amen to God for glory through us. [§]
hosai gar epangeliai theou, en auto to nai; dio kai di' auto to amen to theo pros doxan di' hemon.
'hosai' means 'all', 'gar' means 'for', 'epangeliai' means 'promises', 'theou' means 'God' (genitive of God), 'en' means 'in', 'auto' means 'him', 'to' is the definite article 'the', 'nai' is an idiomatic noun here rendered as 'the yes' (an affirmation), 'dio' means 'therefore', 'kai' means 'and', 'di'' is a contracted form of 'dia' meaning 'through', 'amen' means 'amen', 'theo' means 'God' (dative), 'pros' means 'to/toward', 'doxan' means 'glory', 'hemon' means 'us'. The phrase therefore reads as a statement about God's promises being embodied in Him and the affirmation (amen) that flows through Him to bring glory through us.
[2CO.1.21] But the One confirming us with you into Christ and having anointed us God. [§]
ho de bebaion hemas syn hymin eis Christon kai chrīsas hemas theos
'ho' means 'the (one)', 'de' means 'but', 'bebaion' means 'confirming' or 'establishing', 'hemas' means 'us', 'syn' means 'with', 'hymin' means 'you (plural)', 'eis' means 'into', 'Christon' means 'Christ', 'kai' means 'and', 'chrīsas' means 'having anointed', 'theos' means 'God'.
[2CO.1.22] He, having also sealed us and having given the seal of the spirit in our hearts. [§]
ho kai sphragisamenos hemas kai dous ton arrabona tou pneumatos en tais kardiais hemon.
'ho' is the masculine nominative article meaning 'the one' or 'he'. 'kai' means 'and'. 'sphragisamenos' is a participle meaning 'having sealed'. 'hemas' means 'us'. The second 'kai' again means 'and'. 'dous' is a participle meaning 'having given'. 'ton' is the masculine accusative definite article 'the'. 'arrabona' means 'seal' (a sign or mark). 'tou' is the genitive article meaning 'of the'. 'pneumatos' means 'spirit'. 'en' means 'in'. 'tais' is the feminine dative plural article meaning 'the'. 'kardiais' means 'hearts'. 'hemon' means 'our'.
[2CO.1.23] I, however, call God as my witness upon my soul, because being considerate of you I no longer came to Corinth. [§]
Ego de martyra ton theon epikalloumai epi ten emen psuchen, hoti fedomenos humon ouketi elthon eis Korinthon.
'Ego' means 'I', 'de' means 'however' or 'but', 'martyra' means 'witness' (accusative), 'ton' means 'the' (masc. acc.), 'theon' means 'God', 'epikalloumai' means 'I call upon' or 'I invoke', 'epi' means 'upon' or 'on', 'ten' means 'the' (fem. acc.), 'emen' means 'my', 'psuchen' means 'soul', 'hoti' means 'because', 'fedomenos' means 'being considerate of' or 'mindful of', 'humon' means 'you (plural)', 'ouketi' means 'no longer', 'elthon' means 'I came', 'eis' means 'to' or 'into', 'Korinthon' means 'Corinth'.
[2CO.1.24] Not that we rule over you in faith, but we are co-workers in your joy; for you have stood in the faith. [§]
ouch hote kyrieomen humon tes pisteos alla synergoi esmen tes charas humon; tei gar pistei estekate.
'ouch' means 'not', 'hote' means 'that' or 'because', 'kyrieomen' is the verb 'we rule over' or 'we have authority over', 'humon' means 'you (plural) genitive', 'tes' means 'of the', 'pisteos' means 'faith', 'alla' means 'but', 'synergoi' means 'co-workers' or 'fellow workers', 'esmen' means 'we are', 'tes' again 'of the', 'charas' means 'joy', 'humon' again 'your', 'tei' means 'for the', 'gar' means 'for', 'pistei' means 'faith' (dative), 'estekate' means 'you have stood' or 'you have been established'.
2CO.2
[2CO.2.1] For I have decided for myself that I will not again come to you in sorrow. [§]
Ekrina gar emauto touto to me palin en lype pros humas elthein.
'Ekrina' means 'I decided', 'gar' means 'for', 'emauto' means 'to myself', 'touto' means 'this', 'to' means 'the (neuter article)', 'me' means 'not', 'palin' means 'again', 'en' means 'in', 'lype' means 'sorrow', 'pros' means 'toward', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'elthein' means 'to come'.
[2CO.2.2] If indeed I cause you sorrow, then who would be the one who makes me glad, if not the one who is sorrowful from me? [§]
ei gar ego lupo humas, kai tis ho euphrainon me ei me ho lypoumenos ex emou?
'ei' means 'if', 'gar' means 'for', 'ego' means 'I', 'lupo' means 'grieve' or 'cause sorrow', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'kai' means 'and', 'tis' means 'who', 'ho' means 'the', 'euphrainon' means 'making glad' or 'rejoicing', 'me' means 'me', 'ei' again 'if', 'me' means 'not', 'ho' means 'the', 'lypoumenos' means 'the sorrowful one' or 'one who is grieving', 'ex' means 'from', 'emou' means 'me'.
[2CO.2.3] And I wrote this same thing, that I may not, having come, bring sorrow from those from whom it was necessary for me to rejoice, having trusted in all of you that my joy is of all of you. [§]
kai egrapsa touto auto, hina me elthon lupen scho aph hon ede me chairein, pepoithos epi pantas humas hoti he eme ch ara panton humon estin.
'kai' means 'and', 'egrapsa' means 'I wrote', 'touto' means 'this', 'auto' means 'same/itself', 'hina' means 'that/in order that', 'me' means 'not', 'elthon' means 'having come', 'lupen' means 'sorrow', 'scho' means 'I may keep/avoid', 'aph' means 'from', 'hon' means 'those', 'ede' means 'it was necessary', 'me' means 'me', 'chairein' means 'to rejoice', 'pepoithos' means 'having trusted', 'epi' means 'in/on/upon', 'pantas' means 'all', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'hoti' means 'that', 'he' is the feminine article 'the', 'eme' means 'my', 'chara' means 'joy', 'panton' means 'of all', 'humon' means 'your', 'estin' means 'is'.
[2CO.2.4] For from great distress and heaviness of heart I wrote to you because of many tears, not that you may be saddened but the love that you may know which I have more abundantly toward you. [§]
ek gar polles thlipsis kai synoches kardias egrapsa hymin dia pollon dakryon, ouch hina lupethete alla ten agapen hina gnote hen echo perissoteros eis humas.
'ek' means 'from', 'gar' means 'for' (introducing a reason), 'polles' means 'of many' (genitive feminine), 'thlipsis' means 'affliction' or 'distress', 'kai' means 'and', 'synoches' means 'of combined sorrow' or 'heaviness', 'kardias' means 'of the heart', 'egrapsa' means 'I wrote', 'hymin' means 'to you', 'dia' means 'through' or 'because of', 'pollon' means 'many' (genitive plural), 'dakryon' means 'tears', 'ouch' means 'not', 'hina' means 'that' (purpose clause), 'lupethete' means 'you may be saddened', 'alla' means 'but', 'ten' means 'the' (feminine accusative), 'agapen' means 'love', 'hina' (second occurrence) means 'that', 'gnote' means 'you may know', 'hen' means 'which' (feminine accusative relative pronoun), 'echo' means 'I have', 'perissoteros' means 'more abundantly' or 'greater', 'eis' means 'into' or 'toward', 'humas' means 'you' (accusative plural).
[2CO.2.5] If anyone has been offended, I have not been offended, but only a part, so that I do not burden all of you. [§]
Ei de tis lelypoken, ouk eme lelypoken, all' apo merous, hina me epibaro, pantas humas.
'Ei' means 'if'; 'de' means 'but' or 'however'; 'tis' means 'anyone'; 'lelypoken' means 'has been offended' or 'has been saddened'; 'ouk' means 'not'; 'eme' means 'me'; the second 'lelypoken' repeats the same verb; 'all'' is a contraction of 'alla' meaning 'but'; 'apo' means 'from'; 'merous' means 'a part' or 'a portion'; 'hina' means 'so that' or 'in order that'; 'me' means 'not'; 'epibaro' means 'I burden' or 'I lay upon'; 'pantas' means 'all'; 'humas' means 'you (plural)'.
[2CO.2.6] Enough for such a one is this rebuke from the many. [§]
hikanon to toiouto he epitimia haute he hypo ton pleionon
'hikanon' means 'sufficient' or 'enough', 'to' is the dative article meaning 'to' or 'for', 'toiouto' means 'such one' (dative singular), 'he' is the nominative feminine article 'the', 'epitimia' means 'rebuke' or 'reproof', 'haute' means 'this' (feminine), the second 'he' again is the article 'the', 'hypo' means 'by' or 'from', 'ton' is the genitive plural article 'the', and 'pleionon' means 'many' (genitive plural).
[2CO.2.7] Therefore, on the contrary, I may be more gracious to you and encourage you, lest such a person be overwhelmed by an even greater sorrow. [§]
hoste toenantion mallon humas charisastai kai parakelesai, mepos tei perissotera lupei katapothei ho toioutos.
'hoste' means 'therefore', 'toenantion' means 'the opposite', 'mallon' means 'rather' or 'more', 'humas' means 'you (plural, object)', 'charisastai' means 'to be gracious toward', 'kai' means 'and', 'parakelesai' means 'to encourage', 'mepos' means 'lest', 'tei' means 'to the', 'perissotera' means 'greater', 'lupei' means 'sorrow', 'katapothei' means 'to be devoured' or 'to be overwhelmed', 'ho' means 'the', 'toioutos' means 'such one' or 'such a person'.
[2CO.2.8] Therefore I exhort you to rule toward him in love. [§]
dio parakalō humas kyrosai eis auton agapen.
'dio' means 'therefore', 'parakalō' means 'I exhort' or 'I encourage', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'kyrosai' is the aorist infinitive of 'kyroō' meaning 'to rule' or 'to have dominion', 'eis' means 'toward' or 'into', 'auton' means 'him', and 'agapen' is the accusative of 'agape' meaning 'love'.
[2CO.2.9] For this also I wrote, that I may know your test, if you are obedient in all. [§]
eis touto gar kai egrapsa, hina gno ten dokimen humon, ei eis panta hupekooi este.
'eis' means 'into' or 'for', 'touto' means 'this', 'gar' means 'for', 'kai' means 'also/and', 'egrapsa' means 'I wrote', 'hina' means 'that' or 'so that', 'gno' means 'I may know', 'ten' means 'the' (accusative singular feminine), 'dokimen' means 'test' or 'trial', 'humon' means 'of you' (your), 'ei' means 'if', 'eis' again means 'into' or 'in', 'panta' means 'all' or 'everything', 'hupekooi' means 'obedient' (plural nominative), 'este' means 'you are'.
[2CO.2.10] To whom indeed whatever you bestow, and also I; for I who have bestowed, if I have bestowed anything, through you in the presence of Christ. [§]
ho de ti charizesthe, kai ego; kai gar ego ho kecharismai, ei ti kecharismai, di humas en prosopo Christou.
'ho' means 'to whom', 'de' means 'indeed' or 'but', 'ti' means 'any (thing)', 'charizesthe' means 'you bestow', 'kai' means 'and', 'ego' means 'I', 'gar' means 'for', the second 'ho' means 'who/which', 'kecharismai' means 'have bestowed', 'ei' means 'if', 'di' means 'through', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'en' means 'in', 'prosopo' means 'face' or 'presence', 'Christou' means 'of Christ'.
[2CO.2.11] that we may not be advantaged by the devil; for we do not know his thoughts. [§]
hina me pleonektethomen hypo tou satana; ou gar autou ta noemata agnoumen.
'hina' means 'that' or 'in order that', 'me' means 'not', 'pleonektethomen' means 'we may be made more advantageous' (from pleon + ekteo), 'hypo' means 'by' (with the genitive), 'tou satana' means 'the devil', 'ou' means 'not', 'gar' means 'for', 'autou' means 'his', 'ta' means 'the' (plural neuter), 'noemata' means 'thoughts' or 'counsels', 'agnoumen' means 'we do not know'.
[2CO.2.12] But having come to the Triad into the gospel of Christ, and a door was opened to me in the Lord. [§]
Elthon de eis ten Troiada eis to euangelion tou Christou kai thuras moi anegmenes en kyrio
'Elthon' means 'having come', 'de' means 'but' or 'however', 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'ten' is the accusative singular feminine article 'the', 'Troiada' means 'Triad' (a threefold grouping), 'to' is the neuter article 'the', 'euangelion' means 'gospel' or 'good news', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'Christou' means 'Christ', 'kai' means 'and', 'thuras' means 'door', 'moi' means 'to me' or 'for me', 'anegmenes' is a participle meaning 'opened' or 'having been opened', 'en' means 'in' or 'among', and 'kyrio' is the Greek word 'kyrios' rendered here as 'Lord' according to the given literal translation rule.
[2CO.2.13] I have not had permission for my spirit not to find my brother Tithon; however, having dismissed them, I went out into Macedonia. [§]
Ouk escheka anesin to pneumati mou to me heurein me Titon ton adelphon mou, all' apotaxamenos autois exelthon eis Makedonian.
'Ouk' means 'not', 'escheka' means 'I have', 'anesin' means 'permission', 'to' (dative article) means 'to the', 'pneumati' means 'spirit', 'mou' means 'my', 'to' (dative article) again marks the purpose, 'me' means 'not', 'heurein' means 'to find', 'me' means 'me', 'Titon' is a personal name (the brother), 'ton' is the accusative article, 'adelphon' means 'brother', 'mou' means 'my', 'all'' is a contraction of 'however', 'apotaxamenos' means 'having dismissed', 'autois' means 'them', 'exelthon' means 'I went out', 'eis' means 'into', 'Makedonian' means 'Macedonia'.
[2CO.2.14] But to God be grace, to the ever-triumphing one, us in Christ, and the fragrance of his knowledge revealed through us in every place. [§]
Toi de theo charis toi pantote triambounti hemas en toi Christo kai ten osmen tes gnoseos autou phanerounti di' hemon en panti topo.
'Toi' means 'to the' (dative article), 'de' means 'but' (conjunctive particle), 'theo' means 'God', 'charis' means 'grace', 'toi' (again) means 'to the', 'pantote' means 'always' or 'ever', 'triambounti' means 'triumphing' (present participle), 'hemas' means 'us', 'en' means 'in', 'toi' means 'the' (dative masculine), 'Christo' means 'Christ', 'kai' means 'and', 'ten' means 'the' (accusative feminine), 'osmen' means 'fragrance', 'tes' means 'of the' (genitive article), 'gnoseos' means 'knowledge', 'autou' means 'his', 'phanerounti' means 'revealing' or 'making manifest', 'di'' means 'through', 'hemon' means 'us', 'en' means 'in', 'panti' means 'every', 'topo' means 'place'.
[2CO.2.15] that we are the fragrance of Christ to God among the saved and among the perished. [§]
hoti Christou euodia esmen to the o en tois soizomenois kai en tois apollumenois
'hoti' means 'that', 'Christou' means 'of Christ', 'euodia' means 'fragrance', 'esmen' means 'we are', 'to' means 'to', 'the' means 'God', 'en' means 'among', 'tois' means 'the', 'soizomenois' means 'saved ones', 'kai' means 'and', 'apollumenois' means 'perishing ones' or 'the destroyed'. The name for God 'the' is rendered literally as 'God' according to the provided guidelines.
[2CO.2.16] To which indeed the smell from death into death, and to which, however, the smell from life into life. And concerning these, who is capable? [§]
hois men osme ek thanatou eys thanaton, hois de osme ek zoes eys zoen. kai pros tauta tis hikanos?
'hois' means 'to which' (dative neuter plural demonstrative), 'men' means 'indeed' (emphatic particle), 'osme' means 'smell' or 'odor', 'ek' means 'from', 'thanatou' means 'of death' (genitive), 'eys' means 'into', 'thanaton' means 'death' (accusative), ',' is a pause, 'hois' repeats 'to which', 'de' means 'however' or 'but', 'osme' again 'smell', 'ek' again 'from', 'zoes' means 'of life' (genitive), 'eys' again 'into', 'zoen' means 'life' (accusative), '.' ends the clause, 'kai' means 'and', 'pros' means 'toward' or 'concerning', 'tauta' means 'these things', 'tis' means 'who', 'hikanos' means 'capable' or 'sufficient', '?' indicates a question.
[2CO.2.17] For we are not like the many who peddle the word of God, but as from sincerity, but as from God opposite God in Christ we speak. [§]
ou gar esmen hos hoi polloi kapēleuontes ton logon tou theou, all' hos ex eilikrineias, all' hos ek theou katenanti theou en Christō laloumen.
'ou' means 'not', 'gar' means 'for', 'esmen' means 'we are', 'hos' means 'as/like', 'hoi' is the article 'the', 'polloi' means 'many', 'kapēleuontes' means 'peddling' or 'selling', 'ton' is the accusative article 'the', 'logon' means 'word', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'theou' means 'God', 'all'' (ἀλλ’) means 'but', 'ex' means 'from', 'eilikrineias' means 'sincerity', 'ek' means 'from', 'katenanti' means 'opposite', 'en' means 'in', 'Christō' means 'Christ', 'laloumen' means 'we speak'. The divine name 'theou' is the genitive of 'theos' and is translated literally as 'God' according to the given rules.
2CO.3
[2CO.3.1] Shall we begin again to bring ourselves together, or do we not need, as some compose letters to you or from you? [§]
Archometha palin heautous sunistanein; e me chreizomen hos tines sustatikon epistolon pros humas e ex humon;
'Archometha' means 'we begin' or 'we are about to start'; 'palin' means 'again'; 'heautous' means 'ourselves'; 'sunistanein' means 'to bring together' or 'to arrange'; 'e' means 'or'; 'me' means 'not'; 'chreizomen' means 'we need' or 'we make use of'; 'hos' means 'as'; 'tines' means 'some'; 'sustatikon' means 'composing' or 'constituting'; 'epistolon' means 'letters' or 'messages'; 'pros' means 'to' or 'toward'; 'humas' means 'you (plural)'; 'e' again means 'or'; 'ex' means 'from'; 'humon' means 'you (plural)'.
[2CO.3.2] You are our epistle, written in our hearts, known and read by all people. [§]
he epistole hemon hymeis este, enggrammene en tais kardiais hemon, ginoskomena kai anaginoskomena hypo panton anthropon
'he' means 'the' (feminine nominative singular), 'epistole' means 'letter' or 'epistle', 'hemon' means 'our', 'hymeis' means 'you (plural)', 'este' means 'are', 'enggrammene' means 'written' or 'inscribed', 'en' means 'in', 'tais' means 'the' (feminine dative plural), 'kardiais' means 'hearts', 'hemon' again means 'our', 'ginoskomena' means 'being known' or 'known', 'kai' means 'and', 'anaginoskomena' means 'being read' or 'read', 'hypo' means 'by', 'panton' means 'all', 'anthropon' means 'people' or 'humans'.
[2CO.3.3] Having been made manifest that you are the letter of Christ, ministered by us, written not with ink but with the spirit of God living, not on stone tablets but on fleshly hearts. [§]
phaneroumenoi hoti este epistole Christou diakonethensa hup hemon, enggegrammeni ou melani alla pneumati theou zontos, ouk en plaxin lithnais alla en plaxin kardiais sarknais.
'phaneroumenoi' means 'having been made manifest', 'hoti' means 'that', 'este' means 'you are', 'epistole' means 'letter', 'Christou' means 'of Christ', 'diakonethensa' means 'having been served/ministered', 'hup hemon' means 'by us', 'enggegrammeni' means 'written', 'ou melani' means 'not with ink', 'alla' means 'but', 'pneumati' means 'by the spirit', 'theou' means 'of God' (translated as 'God'), 'zontos' means 'living', 'ouk en plaxin' means 'not on tablets', 'lithnais' means 'stone', 'alla en plaxin' means 'but on tablets', 'kardiais' means 'hearts', 'sarknais' means 'fleshly'.
[2CO.3.4] But we possess such confidence through Christ toward God. [§]
Pepoiethsin de toiautin echomen dia tou Christou pros ton theon.
'Pepoiethsin' means 'we have confidence or faith', 'de' is a conjunction meaning 'but' or 'and', 'toiautin' means 'such', 'echomen' means 'we possess', 'dia' means 'through', 'tou Christou' means 'of Christ', 'pros' means 'toward', 'ton theon' means 'the God'.
[2CO.3.5] Not that we are sufficient by ourselves to consider anything as coming from ourselves, but our sufficiency is from God. [§]
ouch hoti aph heauton hikanoi esmen logistaisthai ti hos ex heauton, all' he hikanotes hemon ek tou theou,
'ouch' means 'not', 'hoti' means 'that', 'aph' means 'from', 'heauton' means 'ourselves', 'hikanoi' means 'sufficient', 'esmen' means 'we are', 'logistaisthai' means 'to think/consider', 'ti' means 'something', 'hos' means 'as', 'ex' means 'out of', 'heauton' again means 'ourselves', 'all'' means 'but', 'he' is the article 'the', 'hikanotes' means 'sufficiency', 'hemon' means 'our', 'ek' means 'from', 'tou' is the article 'the', 'theou' means 'God'.
[2CO.3.6] who also has made us servants of the new covenant, not of the letter but of the spirit; for the letter kills, but the spirit gives life. [§]
hos kai hikanosen hemas diakonous kaines diathekes, ou grammas alla pneumatos; to gar gramma apoktene, to de pneuma zoopoiei.
'hos' means 'who', 'kai' means 'also', 'hikanosen' means 'has made' (from the verb hikanō), 'hemas' means 'us', 'diakonous' means 'servants' (plural of diakonos), 'kaines' means 'new', 'diathekes' means 'covenant', 'ou' means 'not', 'grammas' means 'letter' (genitive of graphe), 'alla' means 'but', 'pneumatos' means 'spirit' (genitive of pneuma), 'to' means 'the', 'gar' means 'for', 'gramma' means 'letter', 'apoktene' means 'kills' (from apokteinō), 'de' means 'but', 'pneuma' means 'spirit', 'zoopoiei' means 'gives life' (from zoopoieō).
[2CO.3.7] If, however, the service of death that was engraved in letters on stones became a thing of glory, so that one could not gaze upon the sons of Israel toward the face of Moses because of the glory of his face that had been abolished. [§]
Ei de he diakonia tou thanatou en grammasin entetupomena lithois egenethe en doxei, hoste me dunasthai atenisai tous huious Israel eis to prosopon Moseos dia ten doxan tou prosopou autou ten katargoumenen,
'Ei' means 'if', 'de' means 'but/and', 'he' is the article 'the' (feminine nominative), 'diakonia' means 'service' or 'ministry', 'tou' means 'of the', 'thanatou' means 'death', 'en' means 'in', 'grammasin' means 'letters', 'entetupomena' means 'engraved' or 'imprinted', 'lithois' means 'stones', 'egenethe' means 'became' or 'came into being', 'doxe i' means 'glory', 'hoste' means 'so that', 'me' means 'not', 'dunasthai' means 'to be able', 'atenisai' means 'to stare at' or 'to gaze upon', 'tous' means 'the' (masculine accusative plural), 'huious' means 'sons', 'Israel' means 'Israel', 'eis' means 'into' or 'towards', 'to' means 'the' (neuter accusative), 'prosopon' means 'face' or 'countenance', 'Moseos' means 'of Moses', 'dia' means 'through', 'ten' means 'the' (accusative feminine), 'doxan' means 'glory', 'tou' means 'of the', 'prosopou' means 'face', 'autou' means 'his', 'ten' again 'the', 'katargoumenen' means 'abolished' or 'cancelled'.
[2CO.3.8] How could the ministry of the Spirit not be even more glorious? [§]
pos ouchi mallon he diakonia tou pneumatos estai en doxei?
'pos' means 'how', 'ouchi' means 'not', 'mallon' means 'rather' or 'more', 'he' is the feminine article meaning 'the', 'diakonia' means 'service' or 'ministry', 'tou' is the genitive article meaning 'of the', 'pneumatos' means 'spirit', 'estai' means 'will be', 'en' means 'in', 'doxei' means 'glory'.
[2CO.3.9] If glory belongs to the ministry of condemnation, far more does the ministry of righteousness abound with glory. [§]
ei gar te diakonia tes katakrizeos doxa, pollou mallon perisseuei he diakonia tes dikaiosuneos doxe.
'ei' means 'if', 'gar' means 'for', 'te' is the dative article 'the', 'diakonia' means 'service' or 'ministry', 'tes' is the genitive article 'of the', 'katakrizeos' means 'condemnation', 'doxa' means 'glory', 'pollou' means 'far more' or 'much', 'mallon' intensifies 'more', 'perisseuei' means 'abounds' or 'overflows', 'he' is the nominative article 'the', 'diakonia' again 'service', 'tes' again 'of the', 'dikaiosuneos' means 'righteousness', 'doxe' is the dative of 'glory' meaning 'with glory'.
[2CO.3.10] And indeed the glorified one has not been glorified in this part because of the surpassing glory. [§]
kai gar ou dedoxastai to dedoxasmenon en touto to merei eineken tes hyperballouses doxes.
'kai' means 'and', 'gar' means 'indeed' or 'for', 'ou' means 'not', 'dedoxastai' means 'has been glorified', 'to' means 'the' (neuter article), 'dedoxasmenon' means 'the glorified one/thing', 'en' means 'in', 'touto' means 'this', 'to' (the second) means 'the' (dative masculine/neuter article), 'merei' means 'part' (dative case), 'eineken' means 'because of', 'tes' means 'the' (genitive feminine article), 'hyperballouses' means 'exceeding' or 'surpassing', and 'doxes' means 'glory'.
[2CO.3.11] If, for the sake of glory, the thing that is being abolished, then all the more the thing that remains in glory. [§]
ei gar to katargoumenon dia doxes, pollo mallon to menon en doxe.
'ei' means 'if'; 'gar' means 'for' or 'because'; 'to' is the neuter article 'the'; 'katargoumenon' means 'being abolished' or 'being nullified'; 'dia' means 'through' or 'for the sake of'; 'doxes' is the genitive of 'glory'; 'pollo' is the dative of 'much' indicating 'by much' or 'all the more'; 'mallon' means 'rather' or 'more'; 'to' again is the neuter article 'the'; 'menon' is the neuter participle meaning 'remaining' or 'that which remains'; 'en' means 'in'; 'doxe' is the dative of 'glory', meaning 'in glory'.
[2CO.3.12] Having therefore such a hope, we make use of great boldness. [§]
Ekhohntes oun tiavten elpida pollei parrhesia chroemetha.
'Ekhohntes' means 'having', 'oun' means 'therefore', 'tiavten' means 'such', 'elpida' means 'hope', 'pollei' means 'great', 'parrhesia' means 'boldness', 'chroemetha' means 'we use' or 'we employ'.
[2CO.3.13] and not as Moses placed a veil over his face so that the sons of Israel would not stare directly at him until the end of the thing being abolished. [§]
kai ou kathaper Moises etithei kalymma epi to prosopon autou pros to me atenisai tous huious Israel eis to telos tou katargoumenou.
'kai' means 'and', 'ou' means 'not', 'kathaper' means 'as' or 'just as', 'Moises' is the name 'Moses', 'etithei' means 'placed' or 'set', 'kalymma' means 'covering' or 'veil', 'epi' means 'over', 'to' is the neuter definite article 'the', 'prosopon' means 'face', 'autou' means 'his', 'pros' means 'to' or 'for', 'me' means 'not', 'atenisai' means 'to look directly' or 'to stare', 'tous' is the masculine plural article 'the', 'huious' means 'sons' or 'children', 'Israel' is the name of the people, 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'telos' means 'end', 'tou' is the masculine genitive article 'of the', 'katargoumenou' means 'being abolished' or 'that which is being done away with'.
[2CO.3.14] But their thoughts were asked. For up to today the same covering over the reading of the old covenant remains, not revealing that in Christ it is abolished. [§]
All' eporoethe ta noemata auton. Achri gar tes semeron hemeras to auto kalymma epi tei anagnosei tes palaias diathekes menei, me anakaluptomenon hoti en Christo katargeitai.
'All'' (but) introduces contrast. 'eporoethe' means 'was inquired' or 'was asked'. 'ta noemata' means 'the thoughts' or 'ideas'. 'auton' means 'their'. 'Achri' means 'until' or 'up to'. 'gar' means 'for' (introducing reason). 'tes semeron hemeras' means 'the present day' (today). 'to auto' means 'the same'. 'kalymma' means 'covering' or 'veil'. 'epi tei anagnosei' means 'over the reading'. 'tes palaias diathekes' means 'of the old covenant'. 'menei' means 'remains' or 'stays'. 'me' means 'not'. 'anakaluptomenon' means 'being uncovered' or 'revealed'. 'hoti' means 'that' or 'that it is'. 'en Christo' means 'in Christ'. 'katargeitai' means 'is abolished' or 'is done away with'.
[2CO.3.15] But until today, whenever Moses is read, a covering lies upon their heart. [§]
All' heos semeron henika an anaginosketai Moises, kalyma epi ten kardia auton keitai.
'All'' means 'but', 'heos' means 'until', 'semeron' means 'today', 'henika' means 'whenever', 'an' is a conditional particle meaning 'if' or 'when', 'anaginosketai' means 'is read' (from the verb 'to read'), 'Moises' is the name 'Moses', 'kalyma' means 'covering', 'epi' means 'upon', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'kardia' means 'heart', 'auton' means 'their', 'keitai' means 'lies' or 'is placed'.
[2CO.3.16] But when he returns to the Lord, the covering is removed. [§]
henika de ean epistrepsei pros kyrian, periaireitai to kalymma.
'henika' means 'when', 'de' is a connective often rendered 'but' or 'and', 'ean' means 'if', 'epistrepsei' means 'he/she/it will return', 'pros' means 'to' or 'toward', 'kyrian' (from kyrios) means 'Lord', 'periaireitai' means 'is removed' or 'is taken away', 'to' means 'the', and 'kalymma' means 'covering' (a veil).
[2CO.3.17] The Lord is the spirit; and the spirit of the Lord is freedom. [§]
ho de kyrios to pneuma estin; hou de to pneuma kyriou, eleutheria.
'ho' means 'the' (masc. singular article), 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'kyrios' means 'Lord', 'to' means 'the' (neut. singular article), 'pneuma' means 'spirit', 'estin' means 'is', 'hou' means 'whose' or 'of which', 'kyriou' means 'of the Lord', 'eleutheria' means 'freedom'.
[2CO.3.18] We all, with an uncovered face, reflecting the glory of the Lord, we reflect the same image, we are transformed from glory into glory, just as from the Lord's spirit. [§]
hemeis de pantes anakekalymmeno prosopo ten doxan kyriou katoptrizomenoi ten auten eikona metamorphoumetha apo doxes eis doxan kathaper apo kyriou pneumatos.
'hemeis' means 'we', 'de' means 'but' or 'however', 'pantes' means 'all', 'anakekalymmeno' means 'uncovered', 'prosopo' means 'face', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'doxan' means 'glory', 'kyriou' means 'Lord', 'katoptrizomenoi' means 'reflecting', 'auten' means 'the same', 'eikona' means 'image', 'metamorphoumetha' means 'we are transformed', 'apo' means 'from', 'doxes' means 'glory', 'eis' means 'into', 'kathaper' means 'just as', 'pneumatos' means 'spirit'. According to the translation guide, 'kyriou' is rendered as 'Lord'.
2CO.4
[2CO.4.1] Therefore, having this ministry as we have been shown mercy, we do not do evil. [§]
Dia touto, echontes ten diakonian tauthen kathos eleethēmen, ouk engakoumen.
'Dia' means 'because' or 'therefore', 'touto' means 'this', 'echontes' means 'having' (a participle of 'to have'), 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'diakonian' means 'ministry' or 'service', 'tauthen' means 'this' (accusative feminine), 'kathos' means 'as' or 'just as', 'eleethēmen' means 'we were shown mercy' (passive aorist of 'to show mercy'), 'ouk' means 'not', 'engakoumen' means 'we do evil' (verb with negative meaning).
[2CO.4.2] But we avoid the hidden things of shame, not walking in craftiness nor deceiving the word of God, but by the revealing of truth setting ourselves toward all human conscience in the presence of God. [§]
All' apeipametha ta kripta tes aiskhynes, me peripatountes en panourgia mede dolountes ton logon tou theou alla tei phanerosei tes aletheias synistanontes heautous pros passen syneidisin anthrōpon enopion tou theou.
'All'' means 'but', 'apeipametha' means 'we avoid', 'ta kripta' means 'the hidden things', 'tes aiskhynes' means 'of shame', 'me' means 'not', 'peripatountes' means 'walking', 'en panourgia' means 'in craftiness', 'mede' means 'nor', 'dolountes' means 'deceiving', 'ton logon' means 'the word', 'tou theou' means 'of God', 'alla' means 'but', 'tei phanerosei' means 'by the revealing', 'tes aletheias' means 'of truth', 'synistanontes' means 'setting themselves', 'heautous' means 'themselves', 'pros pasan' means 'toward all', 'syneidisin' means 'conscience', 'anthrōpon' means 'of humans', 'enopion' means 'in the presence of', 'tou theou' means 'the God'.
[2CO.4.3] If even our gospel is concealed, it is concealed among those who are perishing. [§]
ei de kai estin kekalymmenon to euangelion hemon, en tois apollymenois estin kekalymmenon,
'ei' means 'if', 'de' means 'but' or adds contrast, 'kai' means 'even' or 'also', 'estin' means 'is', 'kekalymmenon' means 'concealed' (perfect passive participle of 'to cover'), 'to' means 'the', 'euangelion' means 'gospel' (good news), 'hemon' means 'our', 'en' means 'among' or 'in', 'tois' is the dative plural article 'the', 'apollymenois' means 'those who are perishing' (from 'apollymi' to destroy), 'estin' again means 'is'.
[2CO.4.4] In which the God of this age blinded the minds of the unbelievers so that they would not bring forth the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God. [§]
en hois ho theos tou aionos toutou etuphlosen ta noimata ton aposton eis to me augasai ton photismon tou euangeliou tes doxes tou Christou, hos estin eikon tou theou.
'en' means 'in', 'hois' means 'which' (relative pronoun), 'ho' means 'the', 'theos' means 'God', 'tou' means 'of the', 'aionos' means 'age', 'toutou' means 'this', together 'ho theos tou aionos toutou' = 'the God of this age'; 'etuphlosen' means 'blinded'; 'ta' means 'the' (plural neuter), 'noimata' means 'understandings' or 'minds'; 'ton' means 'of the' (masc plural), 'aposton' means 'unbelievers'; 'eis' means 'into' or 'so that', 'to' means 'the', 'me' means 'not', 'augasai' means 'to bring forth' (infinitive); 'ton' means 'the', 'photismon' means 'light' or 'illumination'; 'tou' means 'of the', 'euangeliou' means 'gospel'; 'tes' means 'of the', 'doxes' means 'glory'; 'tou' means 'of the', 'Christou' means 'Christ'; 'hos' means 'who', 'estin' means 'is', 'eikon' means 'image', 'tou' means 'of the', 'theou' means 'God'. The names of God, 'theos' and 'theou', are rendered literally as 'God'.
[2CO.4.5] For we do not proclaim ourselves, but Jesus Christ the Lord; we are your servants through Jesus. [§]
Ou gar heautous keryssomen all' Iesoun Christon kyrion, heautous de douloous humon dia Iesoun.
'Ou' means 'not', 'gar' means 'for', 'heautous' means 'ourselves', 'keryssomen' means 'we proclaim', 'all'' means 'but', 'Iesoun' is the name 'Jesus', 'Christon' means 'Christ', 'kyrion' means 'Lord', 'de' means 'however', 'douloous' means 'servants', 'humon' means 'your', 'dia' means 'through'. The phrase 'Iesoun Christon kyrion' is rendered as 'Jesus Christ the Lord' and 'douloous humon' as 'your servants'.
[2CO.4.6] Because the God who said, 'from darkness light will shine', who shone in our hearts toward the illumination of the knowledge of the glory of God in the presence of Jesus Christ. [§]
hoti ho theos ho eipon; ek skotous phos lampsi, hos elampsen en tais kardiais hemon pros photismo tes gnoseos tes doxes tou theou en prosopi Iesou Christou.
'hoti' means 'because', 'ho' means 'the' (masculine article), 'theos' means 'God', 'eipon' means 'who said', 'ek' means 'from', 'skotous' means 'darkness', 'phos' means 'light', 'lampsi' means 'will shine', 'hos' means 'who', 'elampsen' means 'shone', 'en' means 'in', 'tais' means 'the' (dative plural feminine), 'kardiais' means 'hearts', 'hemon' means 'our', 'pros' means 'toward' or 'for', 'photismo' means 'illumination', 'tes' means 'the' (genitive feminine), 'gnoseos' means 'knowledge', 'doxes' means 'glory', 'tou' means 'of the', 'theou' means 'God', 'en' means 'in', 'prosopi' means 'presence' or 'face', 'Iesou' means 'Jesus', and 'Christou' means 'Christ'. The divine name 'theos' and 'theou' are rendered as 'God' per the specified literal translation rules.
[2CO.4.7] We have this treasure in earthen vessels, so that the excess of power may be of God and not from us. [§]
Echomen de ton thesauron touton en ostrakinois skeuesin, hina he hyperbole tes dynameos ei tou theou kai me ex hemon.
'Echomen' means 'we have', 'de' is a conjunction meaning 'but' or 'yet', 'ton' is the accusative article 'the', 'thesauron' means 'treasure', 'touton' means 'this', 'en' means 'in', 'ostrakinois' means 'earthen', 'skeuesin' means 'vessels', 'hina' introduces purpose 'so that', 'he' is the nominative feminine article 'the', 'hyperbole' means 'excess' or 'abundance', 'tes' is the genitive article 'of the', 'dynameos' means 'power', 'ei' is a subjunctive form of 'to be' meaning 'may be', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'theou' is the genitive of 'theos' meaning 'God', 'kai' means 'and', 'me' means 'not', 'ex' means 'from', 'hemon' means 'us'.
[2CO.4.8] in every affliction being afflicted, but not narrow‑hearted, being discouraged, but not completely discouraged. [§]
en panti thlivomenoi all' ou stenochoroumenoi, aporoumenoi all' ouk exaporoumenoi,
'en' means 'in', 'panti' means 'all' or 'every', 'thlivomenoi' is the participle of 'thlibo' meaning 'to press, to afflict', so 'being afflicted', 'all'' is a shortened form of 'alla' meaning 'but', 'ou' means 'not', 'stenochoroumenoi' is from 'stenochoreo' meaning 'to be cramped, narrow‑hearted', thus 'not narrow‑hearted', 'aporoumenoi' comes from 'aporo' meaning 'to be disheartened or discouraged', so 'being discouraged', 'ouk' also means 'not', and 'exaporoumenoi' is from 'exaporo' meaning 'to be completely disheartened', so 'not completely disheartened'.
[2CO.4.9] Being pursued but not abandoned, being cast down but not destroyed. [§]
diokomenoi all ouk enkataleipomenoi, kataballomenoi all ouk apollumenoi
'diokomenoi' means 'being pursued', 'all' (short for alla) means 'but', 'ouk' means 'not', 'enkataleipomenoi' means 'being left behind' or 'abandoned', 'kataballomenoi' means 'being cast down' or 'brought low', 'apollumenoi' means 'being destroyed' or 'perishing'.
[2CO.4.10] Always carrying the death of Jesus in the body, so that also the life of Jesus in our body may be revealed. [§]
pante ten nekrosis tou Iesou en to somati periphereontes, hina kai he zoe tou Iesou en to somati hemon phanerothei.
'pante' means 'always', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'nekrosis' means 'death', 'tou Iesou' means 'of Jesus', 'en' means 'in', 'to somati' means 'the body', 'periphereontes' is a present participle meaning 'carrying around' or 'bringing about', 'hina' means 'that' or 'so that', 'kai' means 'also', 'he zoe' means 'the life', 'hemon' means 'our', 'phanerothei' is a verb meaning 'may be revealed' or 'be made manifest'.
[2CO.4.11] For we who are alive are always handed over to death because of Jesus, that also the life of Jesus may be revealed in our mortal flesh. [§]
aei gar hemeis hoi zontes eis thanaton paradidometha dia Iesoun, hina kai he zoe tou Iesou phanerothe en te thnete sarki hemon.
'aei' means 'always', 'gar' means 'for', 'hemeis' means 'we', 'hoi' is the definite article 'the' (plural), 'zontes' means 'living' (present participle of 'to live'), 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'thanaton' means 'death', 'paradidometha' means 'we are handed over' (passive of 'to hand over'), 'dia' means 'through' or 'because of', 'Iesoun' is the accusative of 'Jesus', 'hina' means 'that' (purpose), 'kai' means 'also' or 'and', 'he' means 'the', 'zoe' means 'life', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'Iesou' is the genitive of 'Jesus', 'phanerothe' means 'may be revealed' or 'manifested', 'en' means 'in', 'te' is the dative article 'the', 'thnete' means 'mortal' (dative singular of 'mortal'), 'sarki' means 'flesh', 'hemon' means 'our'. No divine name appears in this verse, so no special literal translation of a name of God is required.
[2CO.4.12] Therefore death is at work among us, but life is among you. [§]
hoste ho thanatos en hemin energetai, he de zoe en hymin.
'hoste' means 'therefore' or 'so that', 'ho' means 'the' (masc.), 'thanatos' means 'death', 'en' means 'in' or 'among', 'hemin' means 'us', 'energetai' means 'is at work' or 'operates', 'he' means 'the' (fem.), 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'zoe' means 'life', 'en' again means 'in' or 'among', 'hymin' means 'you' (plural).
[2CO.4.13] Having the same spirit of faith according to what is written: I believed, therefore I spoke, and we believe, therefore we also speak. [§]
Echontes de to auto pneuma tes pisteos kata to gegrammenon; episteusa, dio elalesa, kai hemeis pisteuomen, dio kai laloumen.
'Echontes' means 'having', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'to auto' means 'the same', 'pneuma' means 'spirit', 'tes pisteos' means 'of faith', 'kata' means 'according to', 'to gegrammenon' means 'what is written', 'episteusa' means 'I believed', 'dio' means 'therefore', 'elalesa' means 'I spoke', 'kai' means 'and', 'hemeis' means 'we', 'pisteuomen' means 'believe', 'dio' again 'therefore', 'kai' again 'also', 'laloumen' means 'we speak'. No divine names appear in this verse, so the literal translations of names are not needed.
[2CO.4.14] Knowing that the One who raised the Lord Jesus and us with Jesus will raise and appear with you. [§]
eidotes hoti ho egeiras ton kyrion Iesoun kai hemas sun Iesou egerei kai parastesei sun humin.
'eidotes' means 'knowing', 'hoti' means 'that', 'ho' is the masculine singular article 'the', 'egeiras' means 'the one who raised', 'ton' is the masculine singular accusative article 'the', 'kyrion' means 'Lord' (the title for the divine), 'Iesoun' means 'Jesus' in the accusative, 'kai' means 'and', 'hemas' means 'us', 'sun' means 'with', 'Iesou' means 'Jesus' in the genitive, 'egerei' means 'he will raise', 'parastesei' means 'he will present/appear', 'sun' again means 'with', and 'humin' means 'you (plural)'.
[2CO.4.15] All these things are for you, that the grace having increased by the greater ones may cause thanksgiving to abound into the glory of God. [§]
ta gar panta di' hymas, hina he charis pleonasasa di' ton pleionon ten eucharistian perisseusei eis ten doxan tou theou.
'ta' means 'the (things)', 'gar' means 'for', 'panta' means 'all', 'di'' is a contraction of 'dia' meaning 'through', 'hymas' means 'you (plural)', 'hina' means 'so that', 'he' means 'the', 'charis' means 'grace', 'pleonasasa' means 'having increased', 'di'' again means 'by', 'ton' means 'the (plural)', 'pleionon' means 'more', 'ten' means 'the (accusative singular feminine)', 'eucharistian' means 'thanksgiving', 'perisseusei' means 'may abound', 'eis' means 'into', 'ten' again 'the', 'doxan' means 'glory', 'tou' means 'of the', 'theou' means 'God'.
[2CO.4.16] Therefore we do not do evil, but even if the outer man of us is corrupted, the inner man of us is renewed day by day. [§]
Dio ouk engakoumen, all' ei kai ho exo hemon anthropos diathairetai, all' ho eso hemon anakaineitai hemera kai hemera.
'Dio' means 'therefore', 'ouk' means 'not', 'engakoumen' means 'we do evil', 'all'' means 'but', 'ei' means 'if', 'kai' means 'even', 'ho exo hemon anthropos' means 'the outer man of us', 'diathairetai' means 'is corrupted', 'all'' again means 'but', 'ho eso hemon' means 'the inner man of us', 'anakaineitai' means 'is renewed', 'hemera kai hemera' means 'day by day'.
[2CO.4.17] For the immediate light of our distress, by way of excess into an eternal weight of glory, it works for us. [§]
to gar parautika elaphron tes thlipseos hemon kath' hyperbolen eis hyperbolen aionion baros doxes katergazetai hemin
'to' means 'the (neuter)', 'gar' means 'for', 'parautika' means 'immediate' or 'present', 'elaphron' means 'light' (as in lightness), 'tes' means 'of the', 'thlipseos' means 'affliction' or 'distress', 'hemon' means 'our', 'kath'' (short for 'katha') means 'according to' or 'by way of', 'hyperbolen' means 'excess' or 'exaggeration', 'eis' means 'into', the second 'hyperbolen' repeats 'excess', 'aionion' means 'eternal', 'baros' means 'weight', 'doxes' means 'glory', 'kategazetai' means 'is worked forth' or 'produces', 'hemin' means 'for us'.
[2CO.4.18] Do not set our sights on the visible but on the invisible; for the visible are temporary, the invisible are eternal. [§]
me skopounton hemon ta blepomena alla ta me blepomena; ta gar blepomena proskaira, ta de me blepomena aionia.
'me' means 'not', 'skopounton' means 'setting sights of', 'hemon' means 'our', 'ta' means 'the (plural neuter)', 'blepomena' means 'visible things', 'alla' means 'but', 'gar' means 'for', 'proskaira' means 'temporary', 'de' means 'but', 'aionia' means 'eternal'.
2CO.5
[2CO.5.1] For we know that if our earthly house, the tent, is destroyed, we have a dwelling from God, a house not made by human hands, eternal, in the heavens. [§]
Oidamen gar hoti ean he epigeios hemon oikia tou skenous kataluthē, oikodomen ek theou echomen, oikian acheiropoieton aionion en tois ouranois.
'Oidamen' means 'we know', 'gar' means 'for', 'hoti' means 'that', 'ean' means 'if', 'he' is the article 'the' (nominative masculine), 'epigeios' means 'earthly', 'hemon' means 'our', 'oikia' means 'house', 'tou' means 'of the', 'skenous' means 'tent', 'kataluthē' means 'is destroyed', 'oikodomen' means 'we have a dwelling/building', 'ek' means 'from', 'theou' means 'God', 'echomen' means 'we have', 'oikian' means 'house', 'acheiropoieton' means 'not made by human hands' (unhandcrafted), 'aionion' means 'eternal', 'en' means 'in', 'tois' means 'the' (plural dative), 'ouranois' means 'heavens'.
[2CO.5.2] And indeed in this we sigh, longing that our heavenly dwelling be clothed. [§]
kai gar en touto stenazomen to oiketerion hemon to ex ouranou ependysasthai epipothousantes
'kai' means 'and', 'gar' means 'for' (or 'indeed'), 'en' means 'in', 'touto' means 'this', 'stenazomen' means 'we sigh' or 'we lament', 'to' is the neuter definite article 'the', 'oiketerion' means 'dwelling' or 'habitation', 'hemon' means 'our', 'to' again 'the', 'ex' means 'from', 'ouranou' means 'heaven', 'ependysasthai' means 'to clothe' or 'to be clothed', 'epipothousantes' means 'longing' or 'desiring'.
[2CO.5.3] Even if we have taken off our garments, we shall not be found naked. [§]
ei ge kai ekdysamenoi ou gymnoi heurethesometha.
'ei' means 'if', 'ge' adds emphasis like 'even' or 'indeed', 'kai' means 'and' or 'also', 'ekdysamenoi' is a participle meaning 'having taken off (our) garments', 'ou' means 'not', 'gymnoi' means 'naked' (plural), 'heurethesometha' is the future passive form meaning 'we shall be found'.
[2CO.5.4] And for those who are in the skin we groan, burdened, upon which we do not wish to undress but to clothe, that the mortal may be consumed by life. [§]
kai gar hoi ontes en to skenei stenazomen baroumenoi eph ho ou thelomen ekdysasthai all ependysthai hina katapothe to thneton hypo tes zoes.
'kai' means 'and', 'gar' means 'for', 'hoi' means 'the' (plural), 'ontes' means 'being' or 'those who are', 'en' means 'in', 'to' means 'the' (neuter), 'skenei' means 'skin' or 'tent', 'stenazomen' means 'we groan', 'baroumenoi' means 'we are weighed' or 'burdened', 'eph' means 'upon', 'ho' means 'which', 'ou' means 'not', 'thelomen' means 'we want', 'ekdysasthai' means 'to strip off' or 'to undress', 'all' means 'but', 'ependysthai' means 'to clothe' or 'to dress', 'hina' means 'that', 'katapothe' means 'to be consumed' or 'to be swallowed up', 'to' means 'the', 'thneton' means 'mortal' (noun), 'hypo' means 'by', 'tes' means 'the' (feminine), 'zoes' means 'life'.
[2CO.5.5] But the one having worked us into this very God, the one giving us the ark of the spirit. [§]
ho de katergasamen hemas eis auto touto theos, ho dous hemin ton arrabona tou pneumatos.
'ho' means 'the' (masc. nominative singular article), 'de' means 'but' or 'and' (conjunctive particle), 'katergasamen' means 'having worked' or 'having accomplished' (aorist middle participle of kerannymi), 'hemas' means 'us' (first person plural accusative), 'eis' means 'into' or 'to' (preposition with accusative), 'auto' means 'this' (neuter accusative), 'touto' reinforces 'this' as 'this very' (neuter accusative demonstrative), 'theos' means 'God' (noun, here translated literally as God), 'ho' again means 'the', 'dous' means 'giving' (present active participle of didomi), 'hemin' means 'to us' (first person plural dative), 'ton' means 'the' (masc. accusative singular article), 'arrabona' means 'ark' (noun, accusative), 'tou' means 'of the' (genitive article), 'pneumatos' means 'spirit' (genitive singular of pneumatos).
[2CO.5.6] Encouraged therefore always and knowing that while we dwell in the body we depart from the Lord. [§]
Tharrountes oun pantote kai eidotes hoti endemountes en to somati ekdemoun apo tou kyrio.
'Tharrountes' means 'encouraged', 'oun' means 'therefore', 'pantote' means 'always', 'kai' means 'and', 'eidotes' means 'knowing', 'hoti' means 'that', 'endemountes' means 'dwelling within', 'en' means 'in', 'to somati' means 'the body', 'ekdemoun' means 'we depart', 'apo' means 'from', 'tou kyrio' means 'the Lord' (with 'Kyrios' translated as 'Lord').
[2CO.5.7] For by faith we walk, not by sight. [§]
dia pisteos gar peripatoumen, ou dia eidous.
'dia' means 'by' or 'through', 'pisteos' means 'faith', 'gar' means 'for' or 'because', 'peripatoumen' means 'we walk' or 'we are walking', 'ou' means 'not', the second 'dia' again means 'by', and 'eidous' means 'sight' or 'vision'.
[2CO.5.8] But we are encouraged and also rejoice, rather to depart from the body and to dwell toward the Lord. [§]
tharrhomen de kai eudokoumen mallon ekdemosai ek tou somatos kai endemosai pros ton kyriON.
'tharrhomen' means 'we are encouraged', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'kai' means 'and', 'eudokoumen' means 'we are well-pleased' or 'we rejoice', 'mallon' means 'more' or 'rather', 'ekdemosai' means 'to go out of' or 'to depart from', 'ek' means 'from', 'tou' means 'the', 'somatos' means 'body', 'kai' again means 'and', 'endemosai' means 'to dwell in' or 'to settle within', 'pros' means 'toward', 'ton' means 'the', 'kyriON' is the Greek title for God rendered literally as 'Lord'.
[2CO.5.9] Therefore we also strive, whether dwelling among or going out, to be pleasing to him. [§]
dio kai philotomoumetha, eite endemoontes eite ekdemoontes, euarestoi auto einai.
'dio' means 'therefore', 'kai' means 'and', 'philotomoumetha' means 'we strive for honor' (first person plural of philotomoo), 'eite' means 'whether', 'endemoontes' means 'dwelling among', 'eite' (again) means 'whether', 'ekdemoontes' means 'going out among', 'euarestoi' means 'pleasing' (nominative plural agreeing with the subject), 'auto' means 'to him', 'einai' means 'to be'.
[2CO.5.10] For we all must be revealed before the step of Christ, that each may receive what he has done through the body, whether good or bad. [§]
tous gar pantas hemas fanerothenai dei emprosthen tou bematos tou Christou, hina komisētai hekastos ta dia tou sōmatos pros ha epraksen, eite agathon eite phaulon.
'tous' means 'the (accusative plural masc)', 'gar' means 'for', 'pantas' means 'all', 'hemas' means 'us', 'fanerothenai' means 'to be revealed', 'dei' means 'must', 'emprosthen' means 'before', 'tou' means 'the (genitive singular)', 'bematos' means 'step', 'tou Christou' means 'of Christ', 'hina' means 'that', 'komisētai' means 'each may receive', 'hekastos' means 'each', 'ta' means 'the (neuter plural)', 'dia' means 'through', 'tou sōmatos' means 'the body', 'pros' means 'toward', 'ha' means 'the things', 'epraksen' means 'he/she/it did', 'eite' means 'whether', 'agathon' means 'good', 'eite' again 'whether', 'phaulon' means 'evil/bad'.
[2CO.5.11] Knowing then the fear of the Lord, we persuade men; but we have been made manifest to God; and I also hope that we may be made manifest in your consciences. [§]
Eidotes oun ton phobon tou kyriou anthrōpous peithomen, theo de pephanerōmētha; elpizō de kai en tais suneidēsin humōn pephanerōsthai.
'Eidotes' means 'knowing', 'oun' means 'therefore', 'ton' means 'the (accusative masculine singular)', 'phobon' means 'fear', 'tou' means 'of the', 'kyriou' means 'Lord' (the title for the divine Master), 'anthrōpous' means 'men' or 'people', 'peithomen' means 'we persuade' or 'we convince', 'theo' means 'God' (the generic name for the deity), 'de' is a conjunction often rendered 'but' or 'and', 'pephanerōmētha' means 'we have been made manifest' or 'we have been revealed', 'elpizō' means 'I hope' or 'I expect', 'kai' means 'also' or 'and', 'en' means 'in', 'tais' means 'the (dative feminine plural)', 'suneidēsin' means 'consciences' or 'awareness', 'humōn' means 'your', and 'pephanerōsthai' means 'to be made manifest' or 'to appear'.
[2CO.5.12] We do not again set ourselves before you, but we give you a basis for boasting on our behalf, so that you may have toward those who boast in outward appearance and not in heart. [§]
ou palin heautous sunistamen hymin alla afor men didontes hymin kauchematos hyper hemon, hina echete pros tous en prosopoi kaukhomenous kai me en kardia.
"ou" means "not", "palin" means "again", "heautous" means "ourselves", "sunistamen" means "we set before" or "present", "hymin" means "to you" (dative plural), "alla" means "but", "afor" means "basis" or "starting point", "men" is the participle "giving", "didontes" = "giving", "hymin" again "to you", "kauchematos" means "of boasting", "hyper" means "on behalf of" or "for", "hemon" means "us", "hina" means "that" or "so that", "echete" means "you may have" (subjunctive), "pros" means "toward" or "concerning", "tous" means "the (people)" (accusative plural), "en" means "in", "prosopoi" means "appearance" or "outward show", "kaukhomenous" means "those who boast", "kai" means "and", "me" means "not", "en" means "in", "kardia" means "heart".
[2CO.5.13] For whether we are ecstatic, (it is) to God; whether we are self‑controlled, (it is) to you. [§]
eite gar exestemen, theō; eite sōphronoumen, hymin.
'eite' means 'whether' (introducing alternatives), 'gar' means 'for', 'exestemen' means 'we are ecstatic' or 'we are overjoyed', 'theō' is the dative of 'theos' meaning 'to God', the second 'eite' again means 'whether', 'sōphronoumen' means 'we are self‑controlled' or 'we have sound mind', 'hymin' is the dative plural meaning 'to you'. The passage sets up two possible conditions of the speakers, each linked to a different audience: if they are ecstatic, it is directed toward God; if they are self‑controlled, it is directed toward the listeners.
[2CO.5.14] For the love of Christ binds us, considering this, that one died for all, therefore all died. [§]
he gar agape tou Christou sunechei hemas, krinantes touto, hoti heis huper panton apethanen, ara hoi pantes apethanon.
'he' is the feminine article meaning 'the'; 'gar' is a conjunction meaning 'for'; 'agape' means 'love'; 'tou' is the genitive article meaning 'of the'; 'Christou' is the genitive form of 'Christ', meaning 'Christ'; 'sunechei' means 'holds together' or 'binds'; 'hemas' means 'us'; 'krinantes' is a participle meaning 'judging' or 'considering'; 'touto' means 'this'; 'hoti' means 'that' or 'because'; 'heis' means 'one'; 'huper' means 'for' or 'on behalf of'; 'panton' (genitive plural) means 'all'; 'apethanen' means 'died' (3rd person singular aorist); 'ara' means 'therefore'; 'hoi' is the masculine plural article meaning 'the'; 'pantes' means 'all'; 'apethanon' means 'died' (3rd person plural aorist).
[2CO.5.15] and for all he died, so that those who are living no longer live for themselves but for the one who died for them and has risen. [§]
kai hyper panton apethanen, hina hoi zontes meketi heautois zosin alla to hyper auton apothonti kai egerthen.
'kai' means 'and', 'hyper' means 'for' or 'on behalf of', 'panton' means 'all', 'apethanen' means 'he died', 'hina' means 'that' or 'so that', 'hoi' means 'the (plural nominative article)', 'zontes' means 'living' (participle), 'meketi' means 'no longer', 'heautois' means 'for themselves', 'zosin' means 'they live', 'alla' means 'but', 'to' means 'the (dative article)', 'hyper' again 'for', 'auton' means 'them' (genitive), 'apothonti' means 'the one who died' (dative participle), 'kai' means 'and', 'egerthen' means 'the one who has risen' (dative participle).
[2CO.5.16] Therefore we from now know no one according to flesh; even if we have known Christ in the flesh, now we no longer know. [§]
Hoste hemeis apo tou nyn oudena oidamen kata sarkan; ei kai egnokamen kata sarkan Christon, alla nyn ouketi ginoskomen.
'Hoste' means 'therefore', 'hemeis' means 'we', 'apo' means 'from', 'tou' is the definite article 'the', 'nyn' means 'now', 'oudena' means 'no one', 'oidamen' means 'we know', 'kata sarkan' means 'according to flesh', 'ei' means 'if', 'kai' means 'and', 'egnokamen' means 'we have come to know', 'Christon' means 'Christ', 'alla' means 'but', 'nyn' means 'now', 'ouketi' means 'no longer', 'ginoskomen' means 'we know'.
[2CO.5.17] Therefore if anyone is in Christ, (they are) a new creation; the old things have passed, behold, it has become new. [§]
hoste ei tis en Christo, kain e ktisis; ta archaia parelthen, idou gegonen kaina.
'hoste' means 'therefore', 'ei' means 'if', 'tis' means 'anyone', 'en' means 'in', 'Christo' means 'Christ', 'kain e' (literal 'new') modifies 'ktisis' which means 'creation', so 'kain e ktisis' is 'new creation'. 'ta archaia' means 'the old things', 'parelthen' means 'have passed away', 'idou' means 'behold', 'gegonen' means 'it has become', and 'kaina' means 'new' (again). The phrase as a whole states that being in Christ makes one a new creation, the old things have passed, and behold, it is new.
[2CO.5.18] All things are from God the one reconciling us to himself through Christ and having given us the ministry of reconciliation. [§]
ta de panta ek tou theou tou katallaxantos hemas heauto dia Christou kai dontos hemin ten diakonia ten katallages
'ta' means 'the (things)', 'de' means 'but/and', 'panta' means 'all', 'ek' means 'from', 'tou' is the genitive article 'the', 'theou' means 'God', 'tou' again is the genitive article, 'katallaxantos' means 'the one reconciling', 'hemas' means 'us', 'heauto' means 'to himself', 'dia' means 'through', 'Christou' means 'Christ', 'kai' means 'and', 'dontos' means 'having given', 'hemin' means 'to us', 'ten' means 'the', 'diakonia' means 'ministry', 'ten' again means 'the', 'katallages' means 'reconciliation'.
[2CO.5.19] as that God was in Christ reconciling the world to Himself, not counting their sins, and setting in us the word of reconciliation. [§]
hos hoti theos en en Christo kosmon katallasson heauto, me logizomenos autois ta paraptomata auton kai themen en hemin ton logon tes katallages.
'hos' means 'as', 'hoti' means 'that', 'theos' means 'God', 'en' means 'was', 'en' (second) means 'in', 'Christo' means 'Christ', 'kosmon' means 'world', 'katallasson' means 'reconciling', 'heauto' means 'to Himself', 'me' means 'not', 'logizomenos' means 'counting' or 'considering', 'autois' means 'them', 'ta' means 'the', 'paraptomata' means 'sins', 'auton' means 'their', 'kai' means 'and', 'themen' means 'setting' or 'placing', 'en' means 'in', 'hemin' means 'us', 'ton' means 'the', 'logon' means 'word', 'tes' means 'of', 'katallages' means 'reconciliation'.
[2CO.5.20] Therefore we intercede for Christ as God who encourages through us; we pray on Christ's behalf, be reconciled to God. [§]
Hyper Christou oun presbeuomen hos tou theou parakalountos di hemon. Deometha hyper Christou, katallagete to theo.
'Hyper' means 'on behalf of' or 'for', 'Christou' means 'of Christ', 'oun' means 'therefore', 'presbeuomen' means 'we intercede' or 'we minister', 'hos' means 'as', 'tou' means 'the', 'theou' means 'God', 'parakalountos' means 'encouraging' or 'comforting', 'di' means 'through', 'hemon' means 'us', 'Deometha' means 'we pray', the second 'hyper' again means 'on behalf of', 'Christou' again 'of Christ', 'katallagete' means 'be reconciled', 'to' means 'to the', and 'theo' means 'God'. The verse is speaking of interceding for Christ as God who encourages through us, and a prayer to be reconciled to God.
[2CO.5.21] He who knew no sin made sin for us, so that we might become the righteousness of God in him. [§]
ton me gnonta hamartian hyper hemon hamartian epoiesen, hina hemeis genometha dikaiosune theou en auto.
'ton' means 'the one' (accusative masculine singular article), 'me' means 'not', 'gnonta' means 'knowing' (present participle of gnōskō), 'hamartian' means 'sin' (accusative singular), 'hyper' means 'for' or 'on behalf of', 'hemon' means 'our' or 'us' (genitive of hēmeis), the second 'hamartian' again means 'sin', 'epoiesen' means 'made' (aorist active indicative of poiēō), 'hina' means 'so that' (purpose conjunction), 'hemeis' means 'we', 'genometha' means 'might become' (present subjunctive middle/passive of ginomai), 'dikaiosune' means 'righteousness', 'theou' means 'of God' (genitive of theos, translated as God), 'en' means 'in', 'auto' means 'him'.
2CO.6
[2CO.6.1] But working together also, we exhort you not to receive God's grace in vain. [§]
Synergoontes de kai parakaloumen me eis kenon ten charin tou theou dexasthai humas;
'Synergoontes' means 'working together', 'de' means 'but' or 'also', 'kai' means 'and', 'parakaloumen' means 'we exhort' or 'we encourage', 'me' means 'not', 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'kenon' means 'vain' or 'empty', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'charin' means 'grace', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'theou' means 'God' (the divine name translated literally as God), 'dexasthai' means 'to receive', 'humas' means 'you' (plural).
[2CO.6.2] For he says: at a favorable time I have heard you, and in a day of salvation I have helped you. Behold now a welcome time, behold now the day of salvation. [§]
legei gar kairoi dektoi ep ekousa sou kai en hemera soterias eboethesa soi. idou nun kairos euprosdektos, idou nun hemera soterias.
'legei' means 'he says', 'gar' means 'for', 'kairoi' is the dative of 'kairos' meaning 'time', 'dektoi' means 'acceptable' or 'favorable', 'ep ekousa' means 'I have heard', 'sou' means 'you', 'kai' means 'and', 'en' means 'in', 'hemera' means 'day', 'soterias' means 'of salvation', 'eboethesa' means 'I have helped', 'soi' means 'to you', 'idou' means 'behold', 'nun' means 'now', 'kairos' means 'time', 'euprosdektos' means 'welcome' or 'acceptable', 'hemera' again 'day', 'soterias' 'of salvation'.
[2CO.6.3] Giving no support at all, so that the service may not become idle. [§]
Medeian en medeni didontes proskopen, hina me momethe he diakonia.
'Medeian' means 'no' (feminine accusative, here 'no one' or 'nothing'), 'en' means 'in', 'medeni' means 'nothing' (dative), 'didontes' means 'giving' (present participle), 'proskopen' means 'support' or 'stipend', 'hina' means 'so that' or 'in order that', 'me' means 'not', 'momethe' means 'become idle' or 'be slack', 'he' is the definite article 'the', and 'diakonia' means 'service' or 'ministry'.
[2CO.6.4] But in all things presenting yourselves as God's servants, in great perseverance, in suffering, in need, in narrow places, [§]
all' en panti sunistantes heautous hos theou diakoni, en hupomone polle, en thlipsisin, en anankais, en stenochoriais,
'all'' means 'but', 'en' means 'in', 'panti' means 'all (things)', 'sunistantes' means 'presenting' or 'being', 'heautous' means 'yourself', 'hos' means 'as', 'theou' means 'God', 'diakoni' means 'servants', 'en' (second) means 'in', 'hupomone' means 'perseverance' or 'patience', 'polle' means 'great', 'en' (third) means 'in', 'thlipsisin' means 'suffering' or 'affliction', 'en' (fourth) means 'in', 'anankais' means 'need' or 'necessity', 'en' (fifth) means 'in', 'stenochoriais' means 'narrow places' or 'tight circumstances'.
[2CO.6.5] in blows, in watches, in disorders, in labors, in sleeplessness, in fastings [§]
en plegais, en phylakai, en akatastasiais, en kopois, en agripnais, en nesteiais
'en' means 'in', 'plegais' means 'blows' or 'wounds', 'phylakai' means 'watches' or 'guards', 'akatastasiais' means 'disorders' or 'confusions', 'kopois' means 'labors' or 'toils', 'agripnais' means 'sleeplessness' or 'watchfulness', 'nesteiais' means 'fastings'.
[2CO.6.6] in purity, in knowledge, in patience, in kindness, in the holy spirit, in sincere love. [§]
en hagnoteti, en gnosei, en makrothymia, en chrestoteti, en pneumati hagio, en agape anupokrito
'en' means 'in', 'hagnoteti' means 'purity', 'gnosei' means 'knowledge', 'makrothymia' means 'patience', 'chrestoteti' means 'kindness', 'pneumati' means 'spirit', 'hagio' means 'holy', 'agape' means 'love', 'anupokrito' means 'sincere'.
[2CO.6.7] in the word of truth, in the power of God; by the weapons of righteousness of the right and left (hand). [§]
en logos aletheias, en dynamei theou; dia ton hoplon tes dikaiosynes ton dexion kai aristeron,
'en' means 'in', 'logos' means 'word', 'aletheias' is the genitive of 'aletheia' meaning 'of truth', 'dynamei' is the genitive of 'dynamis' meaning 'of power', 'theou' is the genitive of 'theos' meaning 'of God', 'dia' means 'by' or 'through', 'ton' is the accusative plural article 'the', 'hoplon' means 'weapon' (plural here as a collective), 'tes' is the genitive singular article 'of the', 'dikaiosynes' is the genitive of 'dikaiosyne' meaning 'righteousness', 'dexion' is the genitive plural of 'dexios' meaning 'right (hand)', 'kai' means 'and', 'aristeron' is the genitive plural of 'aristeros' meaning 'left (hand)'.
[2CO.6.8] Through glory and dishonor, through defamation and praise; as the false and the true, [§]
dia doxes kai atimias, dia dysphemias kai euphemias; hos planoi kai aletheis,
'dia' means 'through', 'doxes' means 'glory', 'kai' means 'and', 'atimias' means 'dishonor', 'dysphemias' means 'defamation', 'euphemias' means 'praise' or 'good report', 'hos' means 'as', 'planoi' means 'false' or 'deceivers', 'aletheis' means 'true' or 'truthful ones'.
[2CO.6.9] as the ignorant and the recognized, as the dying and behold we live, as the educated and not dying. [§]
hos agnoumenoi kai epiginoskomenoi, hos apothneskontes kai ido zomen, hos paideuomenoi kai me thanatoumenoi.
'hos' means 'as', 'agnoumenoi' means 'the ignorant (those who are unaware)', 'kai' means 'and', 'epiginoskomenoi' means 'the recognized or those being known', 'apothneskontes' means 'the dying', 'ido' means 'behold', 'zomen' means 'we live', 'paideuomenoi' means 'the educated (those being taught)', 'me' means 'not', 'thanatoumenoi' means 'the not-dying (those who do not die)'.
[2CO.6.10] as sorrowful always yet rejoicing, as the poor making many rich, as having nothing and possessing everything. [§]
hos lypoumenoi aei de chairontes, hos ptokhoi pollous de ploutizontes, hos meden echontes kai panta katechontes.
'hos' means 'as', 'lypoumenoi' means 'sorrowful' (participial, 'being sorrowful'), 'aei' means 'always', 'de' is a conjunction meaning 'but' or 'yet', 'chairontes' means 'rejoicing', 'ptokhoi' means 'the poor', 'pollous' means 'many', 'ploutizontes' means 'making rich' or 'enriching', 'meden' means 'nothing', 'echontes' means 'having', 'kai' means 'and', 'panta' means 'all' or 'everything', 'katechontes' means 'holding' or 'possessing'.
[2CO.6.11] The mouth of us opened toward you, Corinthians, the heart of us has been widened. [§]
To stoma hemon aneogen pros humas, Korinthoi, he kardia hemon peplatyntai.
'To' means 'the', 'stoma' means 'mouth', 'hemōn' means 'our', 'aneogen' means 'opened' (literally 'has opened'), 'pros' means 'toward', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'Korinthoi' is the name of the recipients 'Corinthians', 'he' is the definite article 'the', 'kardia' means 'heart', 'hemōn' again 'our', and 'peplatyntai' means 'have been widened' or 'have been broadened'.
[2CO.6.12] Do not be troubled about us, but be troubled in the depths of your own hearts. [§]
ou stenochoresthe en hemin, stenochoresthe de en tois splanchnois humon.
'ou' means 'not', 'stenochoresthe' means 'you are troubled' (from stenochōreō 'to feel narrowness or distress'), 'en' means 'in', 'hemin' means 'us', ',' is a pause, 'de' means 'but', 'tois' means 'the' (dative plural), 'splanchnois' means 'inner parts' or 'belly', 'humon' means 'your'. So the phrase says: do not be troubled concerning us, but be troubled concerning your inner parts.
[2CO.6.13] But the same reward, as I say to the children, be broadened also you. [§]
ten de auten antimistian hos teknos lego platunthete kai humes.
'ten' is the feminine accusative article meaning 'the', 'de' is a conjunction meaning 'but' or 'and', 'auten' means 'the same' (feminine accusative), 'antimistian' means 'reward' or 'wage', 'hos' means 'as' or 'like', 'teknos' is the dative plural of 'children' meaning 'to the children', 'lego' means 'I say', 'platunthete' is a second‑person plural aorist passive imperative meaning 'be broadened' or 'be enlarged', 'kai' means 'and', 'humes' means 'you' (plural).
[2CO.6.14] Do not become those who bear a different yoke with unbelievers; for what share is there in righteousness and lawlessness, or what fellowship is there with the light toward darkness? [§]
Me ginesthe heterozugountes apistois; tis gar metoche dikaiosune kai anomia, e tis koinonia photi pros skotos?
'Me' means 'do not', 'ginesthe' means 'you become' (imperative plural), 'heterozugountes' means 'carrying different yokes' (i.e., associating with those of a different belief), 'apistois' means 'unbelievers', 'tis' means 'who', 'gar' means 'for', 'metoche' means 'share' or 'participation', 'dikaiosune' means 'righteousness', 'kai' means 'and', 'anomia' means 'lawlessness', 'e' means 'or', 'koinonia' means 'fellowship' or 'communion', 'photi' means 'with the light', 'pros' means 'against' or 'toward', 'skotos' means 'darkness'.
[2CO.6.15] But who is the agreement of Christ with Beliar, or who is a faithful part with an unbeliever? [§]
tis de sumphonesis Christou pros Beliar, e tis meris pisto meta apistou?
'tis' means 'who', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'sumphonesis' means 'agreement' or 'harmony', 'Christou' means 'of Christ', 'pros' means 'toward' or 'with', 'Beliar' is a proper name, 'e' means 'or', the second 'tis' again means 'who', 'meris' means 'part', 'pisto' means 'faithful' (a faithful one), 'meta' means 'with', and 'apistou' means 'unbeliever' or 'one who does not believe'.
[2CO.6.16] Who then is the agreement of the temple of God with idols? For we are the temple of the living God, as the God said, 'I will dwell among them and I will walk among them and I will be their God, and they will be my people.' [§]
tis de sygkatathesis naoe theou meta eidolon; hemeis gar naus theou esmen zontos, kathos eipen ho theos hoti enoikeso en autois kai empereipateso kai esomai auton theos kai autoi esontai mou laos.
'tis' means 'who', 'de' means 'then', 'sygkatathesis' means 'agreement' or 'consent', 'naoe' is the dative of 'naos' meaning 'temple', 'theou' is the genitive of 'theos' meaning 'of God', 'meta' means 'with', 'eidolon' means 'idols', 'hemeis' means 'we', 'gar' means 'for', 'naus' (likely a typo for 'naos') means 'temple', 'theou' again 'of God', 'esmen' means 'are', 'zontos' means 'living', 'kathos' means 'as', 'eipen' means 'said', 'ho' is the article 'the', 'theos' means 'God', 'hoti' means 'that', 'enoikeso' means 'I will dwell', 'en' means 'among', 'autois' means 'them', 'kai' means 'and', 'empereipateso' means 'I will walk', 'esomai' means 'I will be', 'auton' means 'their', 'theos' means 'God', 'autoi' means 'they', 'esontai' means 'will be', 'mou' means 'my', 'laos' means 'people'. The name 'theos' is rendered as 'God' per the translation rules.
[2CO.6.17] Therefore go out from among them and be set apart, says the Lord, and do not touch the unclean; and I will receive you. [§]
dio exelthate ek mesou autōn kai aphoristhete, legei kyrios, kai akathartou me haptesthe; kago eisdexomai hymas
'dio' means 'therefore', 'exelthate' means 'go out', 'ek' means 'from', 'mesou' means 'the middle' or 'among', 'autōn' means 'them', 'kai' means 'and', 'aphoristhete' means 'be set apart' or 'be consecrated', 'legei' means 'says', 'kyrios' means 'Lord' (the title for the divine), 'akathartou' means 'unclean' or 'impure', 'me' means 'not', 'haptesthe' means 'touch', 'kago' (contraction of 'kai egō') means 'and I', 'eisdexomai' means 'will receive', 'hymas' means 'you' (plural).
[2CO.6.18] And I will be to you as a father, and you will be to me as sons and daughters, says the Lord Almighty. [§]
kai esomai hymin eis patera kai hymeis esesthe moi eis huious kai thygateras, legei kyrios pantokrator.
'kai' means 'and', 'esomai' means 'I will be', 'hymin' means 'to you', 'eis' means 'as' or 'into', 'patera' means 'father', 'hymeis' means 'you (plural)', 'esesthe' means 'you will be', 'moi' means 'to me', 'huious' means 'sons', 'thygateras' means 'daughters', 'legei' means 'says', 'kyrios' means 'Lord', 'pantokrator' means 'Almighty'.
2CO.7
[2CO.7.1] Therefore, having these promises, beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all contamination of flesh and spirit, performing holiness in the fear of God. [§]
Tautas oun echontes tas epangelias, agapetoi, katharismen heauton apo pantos molysmon sarkos kai pneumatos, epitelountes hagiosunen en phobo theou.
'Tautas' means 'these', 'oun' means 'therefore', 'echontes' means 'having', 'tas epangelias' means 'the promises', 'agapetoi' means 'beloved', 'katharismen' means 'let us cleanse', 'heauton' means 'ourselves', 'apo' means 'from', 'pantos' means 'all', 'molysmon' means 'contamination' or 'defilement', 'sarkos' means 'of flesh', 'kai' means 'and', 'pneumatos' means 'of spirit', 'epitelountes' means 'performing' or 'carrying out', 'hagiosunen' means 'holiness', 'en' means 'in', 'phobo' means 'fear', 'theou' means 'of God'.
[2CO.7.2] Separate us; we have wronged no one, we have defiled no one, we have taken advantage of no one. [§]
Chorēsate hēmas; oudena ēdikēsamen, oudena ephtheiramen, oudena epleonektēsamen.
'Chorēsate' means 'Separate' (imperative plural of the verb to set apart), 'hēmas' means 'us', 'oudena' means 'no one' or 'none', 'ēdikēsamen' means 'we have wronged', 'ephtheiramen' means 'we have defiled', and 'epleonektēsamen' means 'we have taken advantage of' or 'exploited'. The clause structure is a series of negative statements about wrongdoing toward anyone.
[2CO.7.3] I do not speak toward condemnation; for I have already said that you are in our hearts to die together and to live together. [§]
pros katakrisin ou lego; proeireka gar hoti en tais kardiais hemon este eis to sunapothanein kai suzen.
'pros' means 'toward', 'katakrisin' means 'condemnation', 'ou' means 'not', 'lego' means 'I say', 'proeireka' means 'I have already said', 'gar' means 'for', 'hoti' means 'that', 'en' means 'in', 'tais' means 'the (plural feminine dative)', 'kardiais' means 'hearts', 'hemon' means 'our', 'este' means 'you are', 'eis' means 'for', 'to' means 'the', 'sunapothanein' means 'to die together', 'kai' means 'and', 'suzen' means 'to live together'.
[2CO.7.4] I have great boldness toward you, and great boasting concerning you; I am filled with encouragement, and I overflow with joy in every affliction of ours. [§]
polle moi parrhesia pros humas, polle moi kauchesis hyper humon; pepleroimai te paraklese, hyperperisseuomai te chara epi pase te thlipsis hemon.
'polle' means 'great' or 'abundant', 'moi' means 'to me', 'parrhesia' means 'boldness' or 'free speech', 'pros' means 'toward', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'kauchesis' means 'boasting' or 'pride', 'hyper' means 'over' or 'concerning', 'humon' means 'you (plural, genitive)', 'pepleroimai' means 'I am filled', 'te' is the dative article 'the', 'paraklese' means 'encouragement' or 'comfort', 'hyperperisseuomai' means 'I overflow' or 'I am in excess', 'char' means 'joy', 'epi' means 'upon' or 'in', 'pase' means 'all', 'thlipsis' means 'affliction' or 'trial', 'hemon' means 'our'.
[2CO.7.5] And for having come into Macedonia our flesh found no rest, but we were oppressed in everything; outside there were battles, inside there were fears. [§]
Kai gar elthonton hemon eis Makedonian oudemian escheken anesis he sarkh hemon all’ en panti thlivomenoi; exothen machai, esothen phoboi.
'Kai' means 'and', 'gar' means 'for', 'elthonton' means 'having come', 'hemon' means 'our', 'eis' means 'into', 'Makedonian' means 'Macedonia', 'oudemian' means 'no' or 'none', 'escheken' means 'has' or 'found', 'anesis' means 'rest' or 'relief', 'he' means 'the', 'sarkh' means 'flesh', 'all’' means 'but', 'en' means 'in', 'panti' means 'all', 'thlivomenoi' means 'oppressed' or 'afflicted', 'exothen' means 'outside', 'machai' means 'fights' or 'battles', 'esothen' means 'inside', 'phoboi' means 'fears'.
[2CO.7.6] But the one who encourages the humble, God called us in the presence of Titus. [§]
all ho parakalon tous tapeinous parekalesen hemas ho theos en tei parousia Titou
'all' is a shortened form of 'alla' meaning 'but', 'ho' is the masculine article meaning 'the', 'parakalon' is the present participle of 'parakaleo' meaning 'encouraging' or 'comforting', 'tous' is the accusative plural masculine article meaning 'the', 'tapeinous' means 'humble' (accusative plural), 'parekalesen' is the aorist active indicative third person singular of 'parekaleo' meaning 'called' or 'invited', 'hemas' means 'us', 'ho theos' means 'the God' (God), 'en' means 'in', 'tei' is the dative singular of the article meaning 'the', 'parousia' means 'presence', 'Titou' is the name 'Titus'.
[2CO.7.7] Not only in the Lord's presence, but also in the appeal which was made for you, announcing to us your desire, your grief, your zeal for me, so that I may be even more glad. [§]
ou monon de en tei parousia autou alla kai en tei paraklesi hai pareklethē eph hymin anaggelōn hēmin tēn humōn epipothēsin ton humōn odyrmon ton humōn zēlon hyper emou hōste me mallon charenai.
'ou' means 'not', 'monon' means 'only', 'de' means 'but', 'en' means 'in', 'tei' is the dative form of 'the', 'parousia' means 'presence', 'autou' means 'his' referring to the Lord, 'alla' means 'also', 'kai' means 'and', 'paraklesi' means 'appeal' or 'calling', 'hai' means 'which', 'pareklethē' means 'was made', 'eph' means 'upon', 'hymin' means 'you (plural)', 'anaggelōn' means 'announcing', 'hēmin' means 'to us', 'tēn' means 'the', 'humōn' means 'your', 'epipothēsin' means 'desire' or 'longing', 'ton' means 'the', 'odyrmon' means 'grief', 'zēlon' means 'zeal', 'hyper' means 'over' or 'for', 'emou' means 'me', 'hōste' means 'so that', 'me' means 'me', 'mallon' means 'more', 'charenai' means 'to be glad'. The pronoun 'autou' refers to the Lord, so it is rendered as "Lord's" per the required literal translation of divine names.
[2CO.7.8] If indeed I have caused you sorrow in the letter, I do not repent; even if I had repented, I see, for that particular letter, even if it caused you sorrow for a time, [§]
Hoti ei kai elypeisa humas en te epistole, ou metamelomai; ei kai metemelomen, blepo gar hoti he epistole ekeinē ei kai pros horan elypesen humas,
'Hoti' means 'that' or 'because'; 'ei' means 'if'; 'kai' means 'and' or 'even'; 'elypeisa' means 'I caused sorrow' (first person past of elypeo); 'humas' means 'you' (plural accusative); 'en' means 'in'; 'te' is the dative article 'the'; 'epistole' means 'letter'; 'ou' means 'not'; 'metamelomai' means 'I repent' or 'I feel remorse' (negated here, so 'I do not repent'); 'metemelomen' is the aorist middle form meaning 'I had repented'; 'blepo' means 'I see' or 'I perceive'; 'gar' means 'for' or 'indeed'; 'he' is the nominative feminine article 'the'; 'ekeinē' means 'that' (referring to a specific letter); 'pros' means 'toward' or 'for'; 'horan' means 'time' or 'while'; 'elypesen' means 'caused sorrow' (third person singular past); 'humas' again means 'you' (plural).
[2CO.7.9] Now I rejoice, not that you were saddened, but that you were saddened to repentance; for you were indeed saddened before God, that you might be harmed by us in nothing. [§]
nun khero, ouch hoti elupethete all hoti elupethete eis metanoian; elupethete gar kata theon, hina en meden zemiothete ex hemon.
'nun' means 'now', 'khero' means 'I rejoice', 'ouch' means 'not', 'hoti' means 'that', 'elupethete' means 'you were saddened', 'all' means 'but', 'eis' means 'to', 'metanoian' means 'repentance', 'gar' means 'for', 'kata' means 'according to', 'theon' means 'God', 'hina' means 'that', 'en' means 'in', 'meden' means 'nothing', 'zemiothete' means 'you might be harmed', 'ex' means 'from', 'hemon' means 'us'. The key name 'theon' is a form of the Greek word for God, which is rendered literally as 'God' per the translation guidelines.
[2CO.7.10] For sorrow that is according to God works repentance into an unrepentant salvation; but the sorrow of the world works death. [§]
he gar kata theon lype metamoinan eis soterian ametameloton ergazetai; he de tou kosmou lype thanaton katergazetai.
'he' means 'the (feminine singular subject)', 'gar' means 'for', 'kata' means 'according to', 'theon' means 'God', 'lype' means 'sorrow' or 'grief', 'metamoinan' means 'repentance', 'eis' means 'into' or 'toward', 'soterian' means 'salvation', 'ametameloton' means 'unrepentant' or 'without remorse', 'ergazetai' means 'works' or 'produces', 'de' means 'but', 'tou' means 'of the', 'kosmou' means 'world', 'thanaton' means 'death', 'katergazetai' means 'produces' or 'effects'.
[2CO.7.11] Behold, for this very thing that is to be grieved according to God, how much effort it accomplished for you: haste, but apology, but indignation, but fear, but desire, but zeal, but retribution. In all you have made yourselves holy to be in the matter. [§]
idou gar auto touto to kata theon lupethenai posen kateirgassato hymin spouden, all' apologian, all' aganaktisin, alla fobon, all' epipothesin, alla zeelon, all' ekdikesin. en panti sunestesas heautous hagnous einai toi pragmati.
'idou' means 'behold', 'gar' means 'for', 'auto' means 'this', 'touto' means 'this (emphatic)', 'to' is the neuter article 'the', 'kata' means 'according to', 'theon' means 'God', 'lupethenai' means 'to be grieved', 'posen' means 'how great', 'kateirgassato' means 'it accomplished', 'hymin' means 'to you', 'spouden' means 'haste' or 'earnest effort', 'all'' is a contraction meaning 'but', 'apologian' means 'apology', 'aganaktisin' means 'indignation', 'alla' means 'but', 'fobon' means 'fear', 'epipothesin' means 'desire', 'zeelon' means 'zeal', 'ekdikesin' means 'retribution', 'en' means 'in', 'panti' means 'all', 'sunestesas' means 'you have made yourselves ready', 'heautous' means 'yourself', 'hagnous' means 'holy' or 'clean', 'einai' means 'to be', 'toi' means 'to the', and 'pragmati' means 'matter' or 'thing'.
[2CO.7.12] Therefore, even if I wrote to you, not because of the one who wronged nor because of the one who was wronged, but because of the revealing of your zeal for us toward you in the presence of God. [§]
ara ei kai egrapsa hymin, ouch heneken tou adikesantos oude heneken tou adikethentos all' heneken tou phanerothenai ten spouden humon ten hyper hemon pros humas enopion tou theou.
'ara' means 'therefore', 'ei' means 'if', 'kai' means 'even', 'egrapsa' means 'I wrote', 'hymin' means 'to you', 'ouch' means 'not', 'heneken' means 'because of', 'tou adikesantos' means 'the one who wronged', 'oude' means 'nor', 'tou adikethentos' means 'the one who was wronged', 'all'' means 'but', 'tou phanerothenai' means 'to be revealed', 'ten spouden humon' means 'your zeal', 'ten hyper hemon' means 'on behalf of us', 'pros humas' means 'toward you', 'enopion' means 'in the presence of', 'tou theou' means 'of God'.
[2CO.7.13] Because of this we have called upon. Moreover, on our intercession we rejoiced more and more in the joy of Titus, because his spirit has been ceased from all of you. [§]
dia touto parakekleimetha. Epi de te paraklesei hemon perissoteros mallon echaremen epi te chara Titou, hoti anapepautai to pneuma autou apo panton humon;
'dia' means 'because of', 'touto' means 'this', 'parakekleimetha' means 'we have called upon' (a form of the verb 'to pray'), 'Epi' means 'on' or 'upon', 'de' is a conjunction often translated 'but' or 'moreover', 'te' is the dative article 'the', 'paraklesei' means 'intercession' (dative singular), 'hemont' means 'our', 'perissoteros' means 'more', 'mallon' means 'greater' or 'more', 'echaremen' means 'we rejoiced', 'epi' again means 'in' or 'upon', 'te' again the dative article, 'chara' means 'joy', 'Titou' is the name 'Titus', 'hoti' means 'because', 'anapepautai' means 'has been ceased' or 'has been stopped', 'to' means 'the', 'pneuma' means 'spirit', 'autou' means 'his', 'apo' means 'from', 'panton' means 'all', 'humon' means 'of you' (plural).
[2CO.7.14] Because if I have boasted on his behalf for you, I was not ashamed; but as we spoke to you in all truth, so also our boasting concerning Titus became truth. [§]
hoti ei ti auto hyper humon kekauchemai, ou kateskhunen, all hos panta en alethea elalesamen humin, houtos kai he kautchesis hemon he epi Titou alethea egenethe.
'hoti' means 'because', 'ei' means 'if', 'ti' means 'something' or 'any', 'auto' means 'him' or 'it', 'hyper' means 'on behalf of' or 'for', 'humon' means 'you (plural)', 'kekauchemai' means 'I have boasted', 'ou' means 'not', 'kateskhunen' means 'was ashamed', 'all' is a shortened form of 'alla' meaning 'but', 'hos' means 'as', 'panta' means 'everything' or 'all', 'en' means 'in', 'alethea' means 'truth', 'elalesamen' means 'we spoke', 'humin' means 'to you', 'houtos' means 'thus' or 'in this way', 'kai' means 'and', 'he' is the article 'the' (feminine), 'kautchesis' means 'boasting', 'hemon' means 'our', 'epi' means 'concerning' or 'about', 'Titou' is the name 'Titus', 'alethea' again 'truth', 'egenethe' means 'became' or 'was made'. The verse therefore contrasts the speaker's boldness on behalf of the listeners with the truthfulness of his earlier words, and asserts that the boast about Titus was also proven true.
[2CO.7.15] and his innermost feelings more toward you are remembering the obedience of all of you, as with fear and terror you received him. [§]
kai ta splagchna autou perissoteros eis humas estin anamimneskomenou ten panton humon hupakoen, hos meta phobou kai tromou edexasthe auton.
'kai' means 'and', 'ta' means 'the (plural neuter)', 'splagchna' means 'inner parts or bowels', 'autou' means 'his', 'perissoteros' means 'more' or 'exceedingly', 'eis' means 'to' or 'toward', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'estin' means 'is', 'anamimneskomenou' means 'remembering' (a present participle), 'ten' means 'the (accusative feminine singular)', 'panton' means 'of all', 'humon' means 'of you', 'hupakoen' means 'obedience', 'hos' means 'as', 'meta' means 'with', 'phobou' means 'fear', 'kai' means 'and', 'tromou' means 'terror' or 'trembling', 'edexasthe' means 'you received' (aorist middle), 'auton' means 'him'.
[2CO.7.16] I rejoice because in all I am confident in you. [§]
chairo hoti en panti tharro en hymin.
'χαίρω' means 'I rejoice', 'ὅτι' means 'because', 'ἐν' means 'in', 'πάντὶ' means 'all' or 'everything', 'θαρρῶ' means 'I am confident' or 'I am bold', 'ὑμῖν' means 'you (plural)'.
2CO.8
[2CO.8.1] But we make known to you, brothers, the grace of God that has been given in the churches of Macedonia. [§]
Gnorizomen de hymin, adelphoi, ten charin tou theou ten dedomenen en tais ekklesiais tes Makedonias
'Gnorizomen' means 'we make known', 'de' means 'but', 'hymin' means 'to you', 'adelphoi' means 'brothers', 'ten' is the definite article 'the' (feminine accusative), 'charin' means 'grace', 'tou theou' means 'of God', 'ten dedomenen' means 'the given' or 'that has been given', 'en' means 'in', 'tais ekklesiais' means 'the churches' (feminine dative plural), 'tes Makedonias' means 'of Macedonia'.
[2CO.8.2] Because in many trials of affliction the abundance of their joy and their deep poverty increased into the wealth of their simplicity. [§]
hoti en pollē dokē thlipsis hē perisseia tēs charas autōn kai hē kata bathous ptocheia autōn eperisseusen eis to ploutos tēs haplōtētos autōn.
'hoti' means 'because', 'en' means 'in', 'pollē' means 'many', 'dokē' (dative of 'dokimē') means 'trial' or 'test', 'thlipsis' means 'affliction', 'hē' is the article 'the', 'perisseia' means 'abundance' or 'excess', 'tēs' is the genitive article 'of the', 'charas' means 'joy', 'autōn' means 'their', 'kai' means 'and', 'kata' means 'according to' or 'by', 'bathous' means 'depth', 'ptocheia' means 'poverty', 'eperisseusen' means 'increased' or 'became abundant', 'eis' means 'into', 'to' means 'the', 'ploutos' means 'wealth', 'tēs' again 'of the', 'haplōtētos' means 'simplicity', 'autōn' again 'their'.
[2CO.8.3] Because according to power I testify, and apart from power the self‑willed. [§]
hoti kata dunamin, martyrō, kai para dunamin, authaeretoI
'hoti' means 'because' or 'that'. 'kata' means 'according to' or 'against'. 'dunamin' is the accusative of 'strength' or 'power'. 'martyrō' means 'I bear witness' or 'I testify'. 'kai' means 'and'. 'para' can mean 'beside', 'by', or 'apart from'. The second 'dunamin' is again 'strength' or 'power'. 'authaeretoI' is the nominative plural masculine of 'self‑willed' or 'capricious', referring to people who act on their own desire.
[2CO.8.4] With abundant encouragement we ask for our grace and the fellowship of the ministry to the saints. [§]
meta polles paraklesews deomenoi hemon ten charin kai ten koinonian tes diakonias tes eis tous hagios
'meta' means 'with' or 'after', 'polles' means 'abundant' or 'many', 'paraklesews' means 'encouragement' or 'exhortation', 'deomenoi' means 'asking' or 'begging', 'hemon' means 'our', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'charin' means 'grace', 'kai' means 'and', 'koinonian' means 'fellowship' or 'communion', 'tes' (first) is the genitive article 'of the', 'diakonias' means 'ministry', 'tes' (second) is the genitive article 'of the', 'eis' means 'to' or 'into', 'tous' is the accusative plural article 'the', and 'hagios' means 'saints'.
[2CO.8.5] And not as we had hoped, but they gave themselves first to the Lord and to us through the will of God. [§]
kai ou kathos elpisamen all' heautous edokan proton to kyrio kai hemin dia thelamatos theou
'kai' means 'and', 'ou' means 'not', 'kathos' means 'as', 'elpisamen' means 'we hoped', 'all'' means 'but', 'heautous' means 'themselves', 'edokan' means 'they gave', 'proton' means 'first', 'to' is the article attached to 'kyrio' meaning 'Lord', 'kyrio' is translated as 'Lord', the second 'kai' means 'and', 'hemin' means 'to us', 'dia' means 'through', 'thelamatos' means 'will', and 'theou' means 'of God'.
[2CO.8.6] For the urging of us, Titus, that as he began, so may he bring to fulfillment unto you also this grace. [§]
eis to parakalesai hemas Titon, hina kathos proenerxato houtos kai epitelesei eis humas kai ten charin tauten.
'eis' means 'for' or 'into', 'to' is the article 'the', 'parakalesai' means 'to encourage' or 'to exhort', 'hemas' means 'us', 'Titon' is the proper name 'Titus', 'hina' means 'that' (purpose), 'kathos' means 'as' or 'just as', 'proenerxato' means 'he began' (aorist of precede), 'houtos' means 'so' or 'thus', 'kai' means 'and', 'epitelesei' means 'may he complete' or 'bring to fulfillment', 'eis' again means 'to' or 'unto', 'humas' means 'you' (plural), 'ten' means 'the', 'charin' means 'grace', 'tauten' means 'this'.
[2CO.8.7] But just as you abound in everything—faith, word, knowledge, all diligence, and the love from us in you—so that in this grace also you may abound. [§]
All' hoses en panti perisseuete, pistei kai logōi kai gnōsei kai pasēi spoudēi kai tē ex hēmōn en hymin agapē, hina kai en tautē tē chariti perisseuete.
'All'' is a shortened form of 'alla' meaning 'but'. 'hoses' means 'just as' or 'like'. 'en' means 'in'. 'panti' means 'every' or 'all'. 'perisseuete' is the second person plural present active indicative of 'perisseuo', meaning 'you abound' or 'you overflow'. 'pistei' is the dative singular of 'pistis', meaning 'in faith'. 'kai' means 'and'. 'logōi' is the dative singular of 'logos', meaning 'in word' or 'in teaching'. 'gnōsei' is the dative singular of 'gnosis', meaning 'in knowledge'. 'pasēi' is the dative singular feminine of 'pas', meaning 'in every' or 'in all'. 'spoudēi' is the dative singular of 'spoudē', meaning 'in diligence' or 'in earnest effort'. 'tē' is the dative singular article 'the'. 'ex' means 'from'. 'hēmōn' is the genitive plural pronoun 'of us', meaning 'from us'. 'en' again 'in'. 'hymin' is the dative plural of 'hume', meaning 'in you'. 'agapē' is the dative singular of 'agape', meaning 'in love'. 'hina' means 'that' or 'so that'. 'kai' again 'also'. 'en' 'in'. 'tautē' the dative singular of 'toutos', meaning 'this'. 'tē' the dative article 'the'. 'chariti' is the dative singular of 'charis', meaning 'in grace'. 'perisseuete' again 'you may abound'.
[2CO.8.8] I do not speak by command, but I am testing the genuine love of yours through the zeal of others. [§]
Ou kat' epitagan legō alla dia tēs heteron spoudes kai to tēs humeteras agapes gnesion dokimazon.
'Ou' means 'not', 'kat' epitagan' means 'by command', 'legō' means 'I say', 'alla' means 'but', 'dia' means 'through', 'tēs' is the definite article 'the', 'heteron' means 'others', 'spoudes' means 'zeal' or 'earnestness', 'kai' means 'and', 'to' means 'the', 'tēs humeteras' means 'your', 'agapes' means 'love', 'gnesion' means 'genuine' or 'authentic', 'dokimazon' means 'testing' or 'examining'.
[2CO.8.9] For you know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that because of you He, being rich, became poor, that you may become rich by his poverty. [§]
ginoste gar ten charin tou kyriou hemon Iesou Christou, hoti di humas eptocheusen plousios on, hina hymeis te ekeinou ptocheia ploutēsēte.
'ginoste' means 'you know', 'gar' means 'for', 'ten' means 'the', 'charin' means 'grace', 'tou' means 'of the', 'kyriou' means 'Lord' (the Greek title for God), 'hemon' means 'our', 'Iesou Christou' means 'Jesus Christ', 'hoti' means 'that', 'di' means 'because of', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'eptocheusen' means 'became poor' (lit. 'made himself impoverished'), 'plousios' means 'rich', 'on' means 'being', 'hina' means 'that', 'hymeis' means 'you (plural)', 'te' means 'by', 'ekeinou' means 'his', 'ptocheia' means 'poverty', 'ploutēsēte' means 'you may become rich'.
[2CO.8.10] And I give a ruling concerning this: for this is beneficial to you, you who have not only begun to do it but also have begun to wish for it, having started it since last year. [§]
kai gnomen en touto didomi; touto gar hymin sumpherei, hoitines ou monon to poiesai alla kai to thelein proenērksasthe apo perysi;
'kai' means 'and', 'gnomen' means 'decision' or 'ruling', 'en' means 'in', 'touto' means 'this', 'didomi' means 'I give', 'touto' again means 'this', 'gar' means 'for', 'hymin' means 'to you', 'sumpherei' means 'is beneficial' or 'profits', 'hoitines' means 'you who', 'ou' means 'not', 'monon' means 'only', 'to' is a neuter article meaning 'the', 'poiesai' means 'to do' or 'the act of doing', 'alla' means 'but also', 'kai' means 'and', 'to' again the neuter article, 'thelein' means 'to will' or 'the desire', 'proenērksasthe' means 'you began beforehand' (aorist middle of 'proenērkhomai'), 'apo' means 'from', 'perysi' means 'last year'.
[2CO.8.11] Now, moreover, complete the act of doing, just as the eagerness to will, so also the finishing that comes from having. [§]
nyni de kai to poiesai epitelesate, hopos kathaper he prothymia tou thelein, houtos kai to epitelesai ek tou echein.
'nyni' means 'now' (at this moment). 'de' means 'but' or 'however', adding contrast. 'kai' means 'and' or 'also'. 'to' is the neuter article used to nominalize the following infinitive, roughly 'the'. 'poiesai' is the aorist infinitive of 'poieo', meaning 'to do' or 'to make'. 'epitelesate' is the second‑person plural imperative of 'epitelestho', meaning 'to finish' or 'to complete'. Thus 'to poiesai epitelesate' is 'complete the act of doing'. 'hopos' means 'so that' or 'in order that'. 'kathaper' means 'just as' or 'like'. 'he' is the feminine article introducing a noun. 'prothymia' means 'eagerness' or 'desire'. 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the'. 'thelein' is the infinitive of 'thelo', meaning 'to will' or 'to want'. So 'he prothymia tou thelein' is 'the eagerness of wanting' or 'the desire to will'. 'houtos' means 'thus' or 'in the same way'. 'kai' again 'and' or 'also'. 'to' again nominalizes the infinitive. 'epitelesai' is the aorist infinitive of 'epitelestho', meaning 'to complete' or 'to finish'. 'ek' means 'from' or 'out of'. 'tou' is the genitive article. 'echein' is the infinitive of 'exeo', meaning 'to have' or 'to possess'. So 'houtos kai to epitelesai ek tou echein' is 'thus also the finishing that comes from having'.
[2CO.8.12] If enthusiasm is present, just as it is welcomed, it is certainly not as though it were absent. [§]
ei gar he protumia prokeitai kathos ean echei euprosdektos, ou kathos ouk echei.
'ei' means 'if', 'gar' means 'for', 'he' is the feminine article 'the', 'protumia' means 'eagerness' or 'zeal', 'prokeitai' means 'is present' or 'is about to happen', 'kathos' means 'as' or 'just as', 'ean' means 'if' (subjunctive), 'echei' means 'has', 'euprosdektos' means 'welcome' or 'well-received', 'ou' means 'not', 'kathos' again 'as', 'ouk' also 'not', 'echei' again 'has'.
[2CO.8.13] For it is not that others have relief and you have affliction, but that it is from equality. [§]
ou gar hina allois anesis, hymin thlipsis, all' ex isotetos.
'ou' means 'not', 'gar' means 'for', 'hina' means 'that' (purpose), 'allois' means 'to others', 'anesis' means 'relief', 'hymin' means 'to you (plural)', 'thlipsis' means 'affliction', 'all'' means 'but', 'ex' means 'from', 'isotetos' means 'equality'.
[2CO.8.14] In this present time your surplus is to their shortage, that also their surplus may become your shortage, so that equality may be made. [§]
en to nyn kairō to humōn perisseuma eis to ekeinōn hustērema, hina kai to ekeinōn perisseuma genētai eis to humōn hustērema, hopōs genētai isōtēs.
'en' means 'in', 'to' means 'the', 'nyn' means 'now', 'kairō' means 'time', 'humōn' means 'your', 'perisseuma' means 'surplus' or 'excess', 'eis' means 'to' or 'against', 'ekeinōn' means 'their', 'hustērema' means 'shortage' or 'lack', 'hina' means 'that', 'kai' means 'also', 'genētai' means 'may become' or 'be made', 'hopōs' means 'so that' or 'that', 'isōtēs' means 'equality' or 'balance'.
[2CO.8.15] As it is written: the one who has much did not increase, and the one who has little did not diminish. [§]
kathos gegraptai; ho to poly ouk epleonasen, kai ho to oligon ouk elattonesen.
'kathos' means 'as', 'gegraptai' means 'it is written', 'ho' means 'the' (masc. singular nominative), 'to' means 'the' (neuter singular accusative), 'poly' means 'much' or 'great', 'ouk' means 'not', 'epleonasen' means 'did increase' (literally 'did overflow'), 'kai' means 'and', 'oligon' means 'little' or 'few', 'elattonesen' means 'did diminish' (literally 'did make smaller').
[2CO.8.16] Grace to the God who gives the same zeal for you in the heart of Titus. [§]
Charis de to theo to donti ten auten spouden hyper humon en te kardia Titou,
'Charis' means 'Grace', 'de' means 'however' or 'but', 'to' (first) is the dative article meaning 'to the', 'theo' means 'God', 'to' (second) is another dative article, 'donti' is a present participle meaning 'giving' or 'who gives', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'auten' means 'same', 'spouden' means 'zeal' or 'eagerness', 'hyper' means 'on behalf of' or 'for', 'humon' means 'you (plural)', 'en' means 'in', 'te' is the dative article 'the', 'kardia' means 'heart', 'Titou' is the genitive form of the name 'Titus'.
[2CO.8.17] Because he accepted the encouragement, the more eager one, existing voluntarily, went out to you. [§]
hoti ten men paraklesin edexato, spoudaioteros de hyparchon authairetos exelthen pros humas.
'hoti' means 'because', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'men' is a particle meaning 'on the one hand', 'paraklesin' means 'encouragement' or 'consolation', 'edexato' means 'he accepted', 'spoudaioteros' means 'more eager' or 'more diligent', 'de' means 'on the other hand', 'hyparchon' means 'existing' or 'being', 'authairetos' means 'spontaneous' or 'voluntary', 'exelthen' means 'went out' or 'came forth', 'pros' means 'to' or 'toward', 'humas' means 'you (plural)'.
[2CO.8.18] We also sent with him the brother whose praise is in the gospel throughout all the churches. [§]
synepepsemen de met' autou ton adelphon hou ho epainos en to euangelion dia pason ton ekklesion
'synepepsemen' means 'we sent together', 'de' means 'but' or 'also', 'met'' is a contraction of 'met' meaning 'with', 'autou' means 'him', 'ton' is the accusative article 'the', 'adelphon' means 'brother', 'hou' means 'whose', 'ho' means 'the', 'epainos' means 'praise', 'en' means 'in', 'to' means 'the', 'euangelion' means 'gospel', 'dia' means 'through' or 'among', 'pason' means 'all', 'ton' again 'the', 'ekklesion' means 'churches'.
[2CO.8.19] Not only, but also having been hand‑ordained by the churches as our fellow companion together with this grace that serves us, toward the Lord's glory and our zeal. [§]
ou monon de, alla kai cheirotonetheis hypo ton ekklesion sunekdemos hemon syn tei chariti tautei tei diakonoumenai hypo hemon pros ten [autou] tou kuriou doxan kai prothymian hemon,
"ou" means "not", "monon" means "only", "de" is a particle meaning "but", "alla" means "also", "kai" means "and", "cheirotonetheis" means "having been hand‑ordained", "hypo" means "by", "ton" is the accusative plural article "the", "ekklesion" means "churches", "sunekdemos" means "fellow citizen" or "companion", "hemon" means "our", "syn" means "with", "tei" is the dative article "the", "chariti" means "grace", "tautei" means "this", "tei diakonoumenai" means "serving", "hypo hemon" means "by us", "pros ten" means "toward the", "autou" in brackets means "his", "tou kuriou" means "of the Lord" (Lord as a title for God), "doxan" means "glory", "kai" means "and", "prothymian" means "zeal" or "eagerness", "hemon" again means "our".
[2CO.8.20] Sending this, lest anyone make us foolish in this purity that we are serving by ourselves. [§]
stellomenoi touto, me tis hemas momēsētai en te hadroti tautē te diakontoumenē hyp hemon;
'stellomenoi' means 'sending forth' or 'dispatching', 'touto' means 'this', 'me' means 'lest' or 'that not', 'tis' means 'anyone', 'hemas' means 'us', 'momēsētai' means 'should be made a fool' or 'be made foolish', 'en' means 'in', 'te' means 'the', 'hadroti' means 'purity', 'tautē' means 'this', 'diakontoumenē' means 'serving' or 'that which is being served', 'hyp' means 'by', 'hemon' means 'us'.
[2CO.8.21] For we consider good not only before the Lord but also before men. [§]
pronooumen gar kala ou monon enopion kyriou alla kai enopion anthropon.
'pronooumen' means 'we consider', 'gar' means 'for', 'kala' means 'good [things]', 'ou monon' means 'not only', 'enopion' means 'before' or 'in the presence of', 'kyriou' is the genitive of 'kyrios' which translates as 'Lord', 'alla' means 'but', 'kai' means 'also', 'anthropon' is the genitive plural of 'anthropos' meaning 'men' or 'people'.
[2CO.8.22] But we have sent to them our brother, whom we have tested many many times, being very earnest; now even more earnest we will persuade greatly to you. [§]
synepempsamen de autois ton adelphon hemon on edokimasamen en pollois pollakis spoudaion onta, nyni de polu spoudaioteron pepoithesei polle tei eis humas.
'synepempsamen' means 'we have sent together', 'de' means 'but' or 'also', 'autois' means 'to them', 'ton' is the accusative article 'the', 'adelphon' means 'brother', 'hemon' means 'our', 'on' means 'whom', 'edokimasamen' means 'we have examined or tested', 'en' means 'in', 'pollois' means 'many', 'pollakis' means 'many times', 'spoudaion' means 'earnest' or 'serious', 'onta' means 'being', 'nyni' means 'now', 'de' again means 'but', 'polu' means 'very' or 'much', 'spoudaioteron' means 'more earnest', 'pepoithesei' means 'will persuade or convince', 'polle' means 'greatly', 'tei' means 'the', 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'humas' means 'you (plural)'.
[2CO.8.23] Whether concerning Titus, my companion and also a co‑worker toward you; whether (they are) brothers of us, apostles of the churches, the glory of Christ. [§]
eite hyper Titou, koinonos emos kai eis humas synergos; eite adelphoi hemon, apostoloi ekklesion, doxa Christou.
'eite' means 'whether', 'hyper' means 'for' or 'concerning', 'Titou' is the name 'Titus', 'koinonos' means 'fellow sharer' or 'companion', 'emos' means 'my', 'kai' means 'and', 'eis' means 'to' or 'toward', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'synergos' means 'co‑worker' or 'partner in work', 'adelphoi' means 'brothers', 'hemoun' means 'of us', 'apostoloi' means 'apostles', 'ekklesion' means 'of churches', 'doxa' means 'glory', 'Christou' means 'of Christ' (Christ literally 'the Anointed').
[2CO.8.24] Therefore the demonstration of your love and our boasting on your behalf, being shown to them, in the presence of the churches. [§]
ten oun endexin tes agapes humon kai hemon kauchesews hyper humon eis autous endeknymenoi eis prosopon ton ekklesiōn.
'ten' means 'the', 'oun' means 'therefore', 'endexin' means 'demonstration' or 'manifestation', 'tes' means 'of the', 'agapes' means 'love', 'humon' means 'your', 'kai' means 'and', 'hemon' means 'our', 'kauchesews' means 'boasting' or 'pride', 'hyper' means 'on behalf of' or 'for', 'eis' means 'to' or 'toward', 'autous' means 'them', 'endeknymenoi' means 'being shown' or 'being displayed', 'prosopon' means 'presence' or 'face', 'ton' means 'of the', 'ekklesiōn' means 'churches'.
2CO.9
[2CO.9.1] Indeed, concerning the ministry to the holy ones, it is to me a great matter to write to you. [§]
Peri men gar tes diakonias tes eis tous hagious perisson moi estin to graphein hymin.
'Peri' means 'about' or 'concerning', 'men' is a particle meaning 'indeed' or 'on the one hand', 'gar' means 'for' or 'because', 'tes' is the genitive feminine article 'of the', 'diakonias' means 'service' or 'ministry', 'tes' again 'of the', 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'tous' is the accusative plural masculine article 'the', 'hagious' means 'holy ones', 'perisson' means 'exceedingly' or 'greatly', 'moi' means 'to me', 'estin' means 'is', 'to' is the neuter article 'the', 'graphein' means 'to write', 'hymin' means 'to you'.
[2CO.9.2] I know, for, the eagerness of you which I boast about on behalf of the Macedonians, that Achaia has been prepared since last year, and your zeal has stirred up the many. [§]
oida gar ten prothymian humon hen hyper humon kauchoomai Makedosin, oti Achaia pareskeuasthai apo perysi, kai to humon zeilos eretisen tous pleiōnas.
'oida' means 'I know', 'gar' means 'for' or 'because', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'prothymian' means 'eagerness' or 'zeal', 'humon' means 'your' (plural), 'hen' means 'which', 'hyper' means 'on behalf of' or 'for', 'kauchoomai' means 'I boast' or 'I exult', 'Makedosin' means 'the Macedonians', 'oti' means 'that', 'Achaia' is a place name, 'paryskeuasthai' means 'has been prepared', 'apo' means 'since' or 'from', 'perysi' means 'last year', 'kai' means 'and', 'to' means 'the', 'zeilos' means 'zeal', 'eretisen' means 'has stirred up' or 'has excited', 'tous' means 'the' (masc pl), 'pleiōnas' means 'many' or 'the majority'.
[2CO.9.3] And I sent the brothers, that our boast on your behalf might not become empty in this portion, that as we said you were prepared. [§]
epempsa de tous adelphous, hina me to kauchema hemon to hyper humon kenothe en to merei touto, hina kathos elegon pareskevasmenoi ete
'epempsa' means 'I sent', 'de' means 'but' or 'and', 'tous adelphous' means 'the brothers', 'hina' means 'that' or 'in order that', 'me' means 'not', 'to kauchema' means 'the boasting' or 'the claim', 'hemōn' means 'our', 'to hyper humōn' means 'on behalf of you', 'kenothe' means 'become empty' or 'be void', 'en' means 'in', 'to merei touto' means 'this part' or 'this portion', 'kathos' means 'as', 'elegon' means 'we said', 'pareskevasmenoi' means 'being prepared' (a participle), 'ēte' means 'you were'.
[2CO.9.4] Lest, if Macedonians should come with me and find you unprepared, we might be disgraced, so that I do not say to you, 'in this situation.' [§]
me pos ean elthosin syn emoi Makedones kai heurosin hymas aparaskevastous kataschynthomen hemeis, hina me lego humeis, en tei hypostasei taute.
'me pos' means 'lest perhaps', 'ean' means 'if', 'elthosin' means 'they may come', 'syn' means 'with', 'emoi' means 'me', 'Makedones' means 'Macedonians', 'kai' means 'and', 'heurosin' means 'they may find', 'hymas' means 'you (plural)', 'aparaskevastous' means 'unprepared', 'kataschynthomen' means 'we may be ashamed/disgraced', 'hemeis' means 'we', 'hina' means 'so that', 'me' means 'not', 'lego' means 'I say', 'humeis' means 'you (plural)', 'en' means 'in', 'tei' means 'the', 'hypostasei' means 'condition/situation', 'taute' means 'this'.
[2CO.9.5] Therefore it was necessary that I considered urging the brothers, so that they would come to you and prepare in advance the promised blessing of yours, that this would be ready as a blessing and not as greed. [§]
anankaios oun hegesamen parakalesai tous adelphous, hina proelthosin eis humas kai prokatartisosin ten proepëggelmenēn eulogian humōn, tautēn hetoimen einai houtōs hōs eulogian kai mē hōs pleonexian.
'anankaios' means 'necessary', 'oun' means 'therefore', 'hegesamen' means 'I considered', 'parakalesai' means 'to exhort', 'tous' means 'the', 'adelphous' means 'brothers', 'hina' means 'so that', 'proelthosin' means 'they may come', 'eis' means 'to', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'kai' means 'and', 'prokatartisosin' means 'they may prepare in advance', 'ten' means 'the', 'proepëggelmenēn' means 'promised', 'eulogian' means 'blessing', 'humōn' means 'of you', 'tautēn' means 'this', 'hetoimen' means 'ready', 'einai' means 'to be', 'houtōs' means 'as', 'hōs' means 'as', 'mē' means 'not', 'pleonexian' means 'greed'.
[2CO.9.6] This however, the one who sows prudently prudently and will reap, and the one who sows on blessings on blessings and will reap. [§]
Touto de, ho speiron feidemonos feidemonos kai therisei, kai ho speiron ep eulogiais ep eulogiais kai therisei.
'Touto' means 'this', 'de' means 'however' or 'but', 'ho' is the masculine definite article 'the', 'speiron' is the present participle of 'to sow' meaning 'the sower' or 'one who sows', 'feidemonos' means 'prudently' or 'with self‑control', repeated for emphasis, 'kai' means 'and', 'therisei' is the future indicative of 'to reap', meaning 'will reap', 'ep' is a preposition contracted from 'epi' meaning 'on' or 'upon', 'eulogiais' is the dative plural of 'blessing', meaning 'blessings'. The structure repeats the idea of a careful sower and a sower upon blessings, both of which will reap.
[2CO.9.7] Each one as is determined in the heart, not out of sorrow or out of compulsion; for God loves a joyful gift. [§]
hekastos kathos proerētai te kardia, me ek lupe e ex anankes; hilaron gar doten agapai ho theos.
'hekastos' means 'each one', 'kathos' means 'as', 'proerētai' means 'is determined', 'te' means 'the', 'kardia' means 'heart', 'me' means 'not', 'ek' means 'out of', 'lupe' means 'sorrow', 'e' means 'or', 'ex' means 'out of', 'anankes' means 'compulsion', 'hilaron' means 'joyful', 'gar' means 'for', 'doten' means 'gift', 'agapai' means 'loves', 'ho' means 'the', 'theos' means 'God'.
[2CO.9.8] But God is able to abound in all grace toward you, that in every circumstance always having complete self-sufficiency you may abound for every good work. [§]
dunatei de ho theos pasan charin perisseusai eis humas, hina en panti pantote pasan autarkeian echontes perisseuete eis pan ergon agathon,
'dunatei' means 'is able', 'de' means 'but', 'ho' is the definite article 'the', 'theos' means 'God', 'pasan' means 'all' or 'every', 'charin' means 'grace', 'perisseusai' is the infinitive 'to abound', 'eis' means 'to' or 'toward', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'hina' introduces purpose 'that', 'en' means 'in', 'panti' means 'every', 'pantote' means 'always', 'pasan' again 'all', 'autarkeian' means 'self-sufficiency' or 'independence', 'echontes' means 'having', 'perisseuete' is the second person plural present active subjunctive 'you may abound', 'eis' again 'into' or 'for', 'pan' means 'every' or 'all', 'ergon' means 'work' or 'deed', 'agathon' means 'good'.
[2CO.9.9] As it is written: He scattered, gave to the poor, his righteousness endures forever. [§]
kathos gegraptai; eskorpisen, edoken tois penesin, he dikaiosyne autou menei eis ton aiona.
'kathos' means 'as', 'gegraptai' means 'it is written', 'eskorpisen' means 'he scattered', 'edoken' means 'he gave', 'tois' means 'to the', 'penesin' means 'poor', 'he' is the feminine article 'the' for 'dikaiosyne', 'dikaiosyne' means 'righteousness', 'autou' means 'his', 'menei' means 'endures', 'eis' means 'into/for', 'ton' means 'the', 'aiona' means 'age' or 'eternity'.
[2CO.9.10] He who supplies seed to the sower and bread for eating will grant and will increase your seed and will increase the produce of your righteousness. [§]
ho de epichoregon sporon to speironti kai arton eis brosin choregesei kai plethunei ton sporon humon kai auxesei ta genemata tes diakiosynes humon.
'ho' means 'the', 'de' means 'but' or 'now', 'epichoregon' means 'the one who supplies' or 'who provides', 'sporon' means 'seed', 'to' means 'to the', 'speironti' means 'sower', 'kai' means 'and', 'arton' means 'bread', 'eis' means 'for', 'brosin' means 'eating', 'choregesei' means 'will grant' or 'will provide', 'plethunei' means 'will increase', 'ton' means 'the', 'sporon' means 'seed', 'humon' means 'your', 'auxesei' means 'will increase' or 'will cause to grow', 'ta' means 'the', 'genemata' means 'produce' or 'fruits', 'tes' means 'of the', 'diakiosynes' means 'righteousness', and the final 'humon' again means 'your'.
[2CO.9.11] In all things, becoming rich toward complete simplicity, which works through us as thanksgiving to God. [§]
en panti ploutizomenoi eis pasan haploteta, hēti̱s katergazetai di' hemon eucharistian to theō.
'en' means 'in', 'panti' means 'all', 'ploutizomenoi' means 'becoming rich' or 'prospering', 'eis' means 'into' or 'toward', 'pasan' means 'all', 'haploteta' means 'simplicity' or 'plainness', 'hēti̱s' means 'which', 'katergazetai' means 'works' or 'produces', 'di'' is a contraction of 'through', 'hemon' means 'us', 'eucharistian' means 'thanksgiving' or 'gratitude', 'to' is the dative article 'to the', 'theō' means 'God'.
[2CO.9.12] Because the service of this worship is not only fulfilling the deficiencies of the holy ones, but also overflowing through many thanksgivings to God. [§]
hoti he diakonia tes leitourgias tautes ou monon estin prosanapplirousa ta husteremata ton hagion, alla kai perifseousa dia pollon eucharistion to theo.
'hoti' means 'because', 'he diakonia' means 'the service', 'tes leitourgias' means 'of the worship', 'tautes' means 'this', 'ou monon' means 'not only', 'estin' means 'is', 'prosanapplirousa' means 'fulfilling', 'ta husteremata' means 'the deficiencies', 'ton hagion' means 'of the holy ones', 'alla' means 'but', 'kai' means 'also', 'perifseousa' means 'overflowing', 'dia pollon eucharistion' means 'through many thanksgivings', 'to theo' means 'to God'.
[2CO.9.13] Through the testing of this ministry, glorifying God in the obedience of your confession to the gospel of Christ and in the simplicity of fellowship toward them and toward all. [§]
dia tes dokimes tes diakonia tes doxazontes ton theon epi te hypotage tes homologias humon eis to euangelion tou Christou kai haploteti tes koinonias eis autous kai eis pantas
'dia' means 'through' or 'by means of', 'tes' is the genitive article 'the', 'dokimes' means 'testing' or 'trial', 'diakonia' means 'service' or 'ministry', 'tae' (actually 'tas') is the genitive article for 'this', 'doxazontes' means 'glorifying' (present participle), 'ton' is the accusative article 'the', 'theon' means 'God', 'epi' means 'upon' or 'in', 'te' is the dative article 'the', 'hypotage' means 'obedience', 'homologias' means 'confession', 'humon' means 'your' (plural), 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'to' is the neuter article 'the', 'euangelion' means 'gospel', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'Christou' means 'Christ', 'kai' means 'and', 'haploteti' means 'simplicity' or 'plainness', 'koinonias' means 'fellowship' or 'communion', 'eis' again means 'to' or 'toward', 'autous' means 'them', 'kai' again means 'and', 'pantas' means 'all'. The divine name 'theon' is translated literally as 'God'.
[2CO.9.14] And they will need on your behalf those longing for you because of the exceeding grace of God upon you. [§]
kai autōn deēsei hyper humōn epipothountōn humas dia tēn hyperballousan charin tou theou eph' humîn.
'kai' means 'and', 'autōn' means 'their' or 'of them', 'deēsei' means 'will be in need' or 'will need', 'hyper' means 'on behalf of' or 'for', 'humōn' means 'you (plural) [genitive]', 'epipothountōn' is a participle meaning 'longing' or 'desiring', 'humas' means 'you (plural) [accusative]', 'dia' means 'because of' or 'through', 'tēn' is the accusative article 'the', 'hyperballousan' means 'exceeding' or 'overflowing', 'charin' means 'grace' or 'favor', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'theou' means 'God' (translated literally as 'God'), 'eph'' is a contraction of 'epi' meaning 'upon' or 'on', and 'humîn' means 'you (plural) [dative]'.
[2CO.9.15] Grace to the God on his ineffable gift. [§]
Charis to thei epi tei anekdiegeto autou dorea.
'Charis' means 'Grace', 'to' is the dative article meaning 'to', 'thei' means 'God' in the dative case, 'epi' means 'on' or 'upon', 'tei' is the dative article for the following noun, 'anekdiegeto' means 'ineffable' or 'inexpressible' in the dative, 'autou' means 'his', and 'dorea' means 'gift' in the dative.
2CO.10
[2CO.10.1] Now I, Paul, exhort you because of the meekness and kindness of Christ, who in person is lowly among you, but having gone away I am confident toward you. [§]
Autos de ego Paulos parakalo humas dia tes prautetos kai epieikeias tou Christou, hos kata prosopon men tapeinos en humin, apon de tharro eis humas;
'Autos' means 'I' or 'the self', 'de' is a conjunction often rendered 'but' or 'now', 'ego' means 'I', 'Paulos' is the name Paul, 'parakalo' means 'I exhort' or 'I urge', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'dia' means 'through' or 'because of', 'tes' is the genitive article 'the', 'prautetos' means 'gentleness' or 'meekness', 'kai' means 'and', 'epieikeias' means 'kindness' or 'moderation', 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the', 'Christou' means 'of Christ', 'hos' means 'who', 'kata' means 'according to' or 'in', 'prosopon' means 'person' or 'appearance', 'men' is a particle often marking contrast, 'tapeinos' means 'lowly' or 'humble', 'en' means 'among' or 'in', 'humin' means 'you (plural)', 'apon' means 'having gone away', 'de' again marks contrast, 'tharro' means 'I am confident' or 'I am bold', 'eis' means 'toward', 'humas' again means 'you (plural)'.
[2CO.10.2] I pray, however, that the absent may be bold in the belief which I consider daring against some who are reasoning about us as walking according to the flesh. [§]
deomai de to me paron tharre sai tei pepoithesei he logizomai tolmesei epi tinas tous logizomenous hemas hos kata sarka peripatountas.
'deomai' means 'I pray', 'de' means 'however', 'to' means 'the' (neuter article), 'me' means 'not', 'paron' means 'present' (so combined 'not present' means 'absent'), 'tharre sai' means 'to be bold', 'tei' means 'the' (dative feminine), 'pepoithesei' means 'belief', 'he' means 'which', 'logizomai' means 'I consider', 'tolmesei' means 'to dare', 'epi' means 'against', 'tinas' means 'some', 'tous' means 'the' (accusative plural), 'logizomenous' means 'those reasoning', 'hemas' means 'us', 'hos' means 'as', 'kata' means 'according to', 'sarka' means 'flesh', 'peripatountas' means 'walking'.
[2CO.10.3] For walking in the flesh we do not fight according to the flesh. [§]
En sarki gar peripatountes ou kata sarka strateuometha.
'En' means 'in', 'sarki' means 'flesh' (dative), 'gar' means 'for', 'peripatountes' means 'walking' (present participle, plural), 'ou' means 'not', 'kata' means 'according to' or 'by', 'sarka' means 'flesh' (accusative), 'strateuometha' means 'we are fighting' or 'we are at war' (present middle/passive form of the verb 'strateuo').
[2CO.10.4] For the weapons of our campaign are not fleshly but mighty to God for the destruction of fortresses, destroying thoughts. [§]
ta gar hopla tes strateias hemon ou sarkika alla dunata to theō pros kathairesin ochurōmatōn, logismous kathairountes
'ta' means 'the (plural neuter)', 'gar' means 'for', 'hopla' means 'weapons', 'tes' is the genitive article 'of the', 'strateias' means 'campaign' or 'army', 'hemon' means 'our', 'ou' means 'not', 'sarkika' means 'fleshy' or 'bodily', 'alla' means 'but', 'dunata' means 'mighty' or 'powerful', 'to' is the dative article 'to the', 'theō' means 'God' (translated literally as God), 'pros' means 'toward' or 'for', 'kathairesin' means 'destruction', 'ochurōmatōn' means 'fortresses' or 'strongholds', 'logismous' means 'thoughts' or 'plans', 'kathairountes' means 'destroying' or 'canceling'. The phrase therefore describes non‑fleshly weapons that are powerful for God in order to destroy fortresses, destroying thoughts.
[2CO.10.5] and every exaltation being lifted up according to the knowledge of God, and taking captive every mind into the obedience of Christ. [§]
kai pan hypsoma epairomenon kata tes gnoseos tou theou, kai aichmalotizontes pan noema eis ten hypakoen tou Christou,
'kai' means 'and', 'pan' means 'every' or 'all', 'hypsoma' means 'exaltation' or 'high thing', 'epairomenon' is the present participle meaning 'being lifted up', 'kata tes gnoseos' means 'according to the knowledge', 'tou theou' means 'of God' (with 'God' translated literally), 'aichmalotizontes' means 'taking captive' or 'capturing', 'noema' means 'mind' or 'thought', 'eis ten hypakoe' means 'into the obedience', 'tou Christou' means 'of Christ'.
[2CO.10.6] And being ready to exact punishment on every rebellion, whenever your obedience is fulfilled. [§]
kai en hetoimo echontes ekdikesai pasan parakoen, hotan plerothe humon he hypakoe.
'kai' means 'and', 'en' means 'in', 'hettoimo' (from hetoimos) means 'ready' or 'prepared', 'echontes' means 'having' (a participle of ego meaning 'to have'), 'ekdikesai' means 'to exact punishment' or 'to avenge', 'pasan' means 'all' or 'every', 'parakoen' means 'disobedience' or 'rebellion', 'hotan' means 'when' or 'whenever', 'plerothe' (from plērōthē) means 'is fulfilled' or 'is completed', 'humon' means 'your' (plural), 'he' is the article 'the', and 'hypakoe' means 'obedience' or 'compliance'.
[2CO.10.7] Look at the face. If anyone has thought himself to be Christ, let this be considered again concerning himself, because just as he is Christ, so also we. [§]
Ta kata prosopon vlepete. ei tis pepoithen heauto Christou einai, tuto logizestho palin ef heautou, hoti kathos autos Christou, houtos kai hemes.
'Ta' means 'the (neuter plural)', 'kata' means 'according to' or 'against', 'prosopon' means 'face' or 'countenance', 'vlepete' means 'you (plural) see' or 'look', 'ei' means 'if', 'tis' means 'anyone', 'pepoithen' means 'has thought' or 'has believed', 'heauto' means 'himself', 'Christou' means 'of Christ', 'einai' means 'to be', 'tuto' means 'this', 'logizestho' means 'may be considered' or 'let be judged', 'palin' means 'again', 'ef' (from 'epi') means 'concerning' or 'about', 'heautou' means 'himself', 'hoti' means 'because', 'kathos' means 'just as' or 'in the same way', 'autos' means 'he' or 'himself', 'Christou' again 'of Christ', 'houtos' means 'so' or 'thus', 'kai' means 'also', 'hemes' means 'we'.
[2CO.10.8] If I were to boast more about the authority that the Lord gave us for building and not for destroying you, I will not be ashamed. [§]
ean te gar perissoteron ti kauchesomai peri tes exousias hemon hes edoken ho kyrios eis oikodomen kai ouk eis kathairesin humon, ouk aiskhunthesomai.
'ean' means 'if', 'te' is an enclitic particle often used for emphasis, 'gar' means 'for', 'perissoteron' means 'more', 'ti' means 'something', 'kauchesomai' means 'I boast', 'peri' means 'about', 'tes' is the genitive article 'of the', 'exousias' means 'authority', 'hemon' means 'our', 'hes' means 'which', 'edoken' means 'he gave', 'ho kyrios' means 'Lord', 'eis' means 'for', 'oikodomen' means 'building', 'kai' means 'and', 'ouk' means 'not', 'eis' (second occurrence) means 'for', 'kathairesin' means 'destruction', 'humon' means 'you (plural)', 'ouk' (second occurrence) means 'not', 'aiskhunthesomai' means 'I will be ashamed'.
[2CO.10.9] so that I may not seem as if I were trying to frighten you through the letters. [§]
hina me doxo hos an ekphobein humas dia ton epistolon.
'hina' means 'so that', 'me' means 'not', 'doxo' means 'I will appear', 'hos an' means 'as if', 'ekphobein' means 'to frighten', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'dia ton' means 'through the', 'epistolon' means 'letters'.
[2CO.10.10] For the letters indeed, he says, are heavy and strong, but the presence of the body is weak and the word is despised. [§]
hoti hai epistolae men, phesin, bareiai kai ischyrai, he de parousia tou somatos asthenes kai ho logos exouthenemos.
'hoti' means 'for', 'hai' means 'the' (feminine plural), 'epistolae' means 'letters', 'men' is an emphatic particle meaning 'indeed', 'phesin' means 'he says', 'bareiai' means 'heavy' (burdensome), 'kai' means 'and', 'ischyrai' means 'strong' or 'powerful', 'he' means 'but', 'de' is a contrastive particle, 'parousia' means 'presence' or 'coming', 'tou' means 'of the', 'somatos' means 'body', 'asthenes' means 'weak' or 'feeble', 'kai' means 'and', 'ho' means 'the', 'logos' means 'word', 'exouthenemos' means 'despised', 'scorned' or 'thought worthless'.
[2CO.10.11] Let this be considered by the like, that we are of this kind in the word through letters while absent, and such ones are also present in the work. [§]
touto logizestho ho toioutos, hoti hoioi esmen to logo di epistolon apontes, toioutoi kai parontes to ergo.
'touto' means 'this', 'logizestho' is a middle-passive imperative meaning 'let it be considered', 'ho' is the masculine article 'the', 'toioutos' means 'such' or 'of this kind', 'hoti' means 'because' or 'that', 'hoioi' means 'as we' or 'such as we', 'esmen' is 'we are', 'to' is the dative article 'to' used with 'logo' meaning 'word' or 'speech', 'logo' means 'word', 'di' (short for 'dia') means 'through' or 'by means of', 'epistolon' is the genitive plural of 'epistola' meaning 'letters' or 'letters (epistles)', 'apontes' is a participle meaning 'being absent' or 'while away', 'toioutoi' is the plural form of 'toioutos', meaning 'those of such kind', 'kai' means 'and', 'parontes' is a participle meaning 'present' or 'being present', 'to' again is the dative article, and 'ergo' means 'work' or 'deed'. The phrase as a whole is saying that this should be judged by those of the same sort: we are recognized in the spoken word through letters when we are absent, and likewise we are present in the work.
[2CO.10.12] For we do not dare to judge or compare ourselves with some of those who constitute themselves, but we ourselves, in ourselves, measuring and comparing ourselves with ourselves, do not understand. [§]
Ou gar tolmomen enkrinai e synkrinai heautous tisin ton heautous synistanton, all auti en heautois heautous metrountes kai synkrinontes heautous heautois ou syniasin.
'Ou' means 'not', 'gar' means 'for', 'tolmomen' means 'we dare', 'enkrinai' means 'to judge', 'e' means 'or', 'synkrinai' means 'to compare', 'heautous' means 'ourselves', 'tisin' means 'some', 'ton' means 'of the', 'heautous' again 'themselves', 'synistanton' means 'who constitute themselves', 'all' means 'but', 'auti' means 'we ourselves', 'en' means 'in', 'heautois' means 'within ourselves', 'metrountes' means 'measuring', 'kai' means 'and', 'synkrinontes' means 'comparing', 'ou' means 'not', 'syniasin' means 'understand' or 'comprehend'. The clause structure follows the original Greek syntax, rendering each component into literal English while preserving the sense of self‑evaluation and lack of comprehension.
[2CO.10.13] But we will not boast into the unmeasured, but according to the measure of the rule which God divided to us, to attain even to you. [§]
heomeis de ouk eis ta ametra kauchesometha alla kata to metron tou kanonos hou emerisen hemin ho theos metrou, ephikesthai achri kai humon.
'heomeis' means 'we', 'de' means 'but', 'ouk' means 'not', 'eis' means 'into', 'ta' means 'the' (neuter plural), 'amertra' (actually 'ametra') means 'unmeasured things', 'kauchesometha' means 'we will boast', 'alla' means 'but', 'kata' means 'according to', 'to' means 'the', 'metron' means 'measure', 'tou' means 'of the', 'kanonos' means 'rule', 'hou' means 'which', 'emerisen' means 'has divided', 'hemin' means 'to us', 'ho' means 'the', 'theos' means 'God' (translated literally as 'God'), 'metrou' means 'of measure', 'ephikesthai' means 'to attain', 'achri' means 'as far as', 'kai' means 'even', 'humon' means 'you (plural)'.
[2CO.10.14] For not as though we were not reaching you, we have stretched ourselves; for indeed we have even reached you in the gospel of Christ. [§]
ou gar hos me ephiknoumenoi eis humas hyperekteinomen heautous, achri gar kai humon ephthasamen en to euangeliou tou Christou,
'ou' means 'not', 'gar' means 'for', 'hos' means 'as', 'me' means 'not' (negative particle), 'ephiknoumenoi' means 'reaching' or 'coming upon', 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'hyperekteinomen' means 'stretched beyond' or 'exaggerated ourselves', 'heautous' means 'ourselves', 'achri' means 'until' or 'even', 'kai' means 'also', 'humon' means 'you (genitive plural)', 'ephthasamen' means 'we reached', 'en' means 'in', 'to' means 'the', 'euangeliou' means 'gospel', 'tou' means 'of the', 'Christou' means 'Christ' (the title for the Messiah). The verse is rendered literally, preserving the Greek word order as much as possible while producing clear English.
[2CO.10.15] Not boasting in unmeasured things or in foreign labors, but having hope, as the increase of your faith within you is to be magnified according to our rule into abundance. [§]
ouk eis ta ametra kauchomenoi en allotriois kopois, elpida de echontes auxanomenes tes pisteos humon en hymin megalynthenai kata ton kanona hemon eis perisseian.
'ouk' means 'not', 'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'ta' is the neuter plural article 'the', 'ametra' means 'unmeasured' or 'immeasurable', 'kauchomenoi' means 'boasting', 'en' means 'in', 'allotriois' means 'foreign' or 'alien', 'kopois' means 'labors' or 'efforts', 'elpida' means 'hope', 'de' means 'but', 'echontes' means 'having', 'auxanomenes' means 'increasing' or 'growing', 'tes' is the genitive article 'of the', 'pisteos' means 'faith', 'humon' means 'your' (plural), 'en' means 'in', 'hymin' means 'you' (dative plural), 'megalynthenai' means 'to be magnified' or 'to be enlarged', 'kata' means 'according to', 'ton' is the masculine accusative article 'the', 'kanona' means 'rule' or 'standard', 'hemon' means 'our', 'eis' again 'into', 'perisseian' means 'abundance' or 'excess'.
[2CO.10.16] to proclaim the good news to the things above you, not by a foreign rule to boast in the prepared. [§]
eis ta hyperekeina humon euaggelisastai, ouk en allotrioi kanoni eis ta hetoima kauchesasthai.
'eis' means 'into' or 'to', 'ta' is the neuter plural article meaning 'the', 'hyperekeina' means 'the things that are above' or 'the lofty', 'humon' means 'of you' (genitive plural of you), 'euaggelisastai' means 'to proclaim the good news' (to evangelize), 'ouk' means 'not', 'en' means 'in' or 'by', 'allotrioi' means 'foreign' or 'belonging to another', 'kanoni' means 'rule' or 'standard', 'eis' again means 'into' or 'to', 'ta' again 'the', 'hetoima' means 'the prepared' or 'ready', 'kauchesasthai' means 'to boast' or 'to brag'. The phrase therefore contrasts proclaiming the gospel to lofty things with not boasting according to foreign standards.
[2CO.10.17] But let the one who boasts in the Lord boast. [§]
Ho de kauchomenos en kyrio kauchasto.
'Ho' means 'the one', 'de' means 'but', 'kauchomenos' means 'who boasts' (present participle of boast), 'en' means 'in', 'kyrio' is the dative of 'Kyrios' which translates literally as 'Lord', and 'kauchasto' is an imperative meaning 'let (him) boast'.
[2CO.10.18] Not the one who sets himself up is approved, but the one whom the Lord appoints. [§]
ou gar ho heauton sunistano, ekeinos estin dokimos, all' hon ho kyrios sunistēsin.
'ou' means 'not', 'gar' means 'for', 'ho' is the definite article 'the', 'heauton' means 'himself', 'sunistano' means 'sets (himself) up', 'ekeinos' means 'that one' or 'the one', 'estin' means 'is', 'dokimos' means 'approved' or 'proved', 'all'' means 'but', 'hon' means 'whom', 'kyrios' means 'Lord', 'sunistēsin' means 'appoints' or 'establishes'.
2CO.11
[2CO.11.1] I would that you endure a little bit of foolishness from me; but also endure me. [§]
Opeelon aneichesthe mou mikron ti afrosynes; alla kai aneichesthe mou.
'Opeelon' means 'I would (wish)'; 'aneichesthe' means 'you endure' (imperative plural); 'mou' means 'of me' or 'from me'; 'mikron' means 'small' or 'little'; 'ti' means 'a' or 'some'; 'afrosynes' means 'foolishness'; ';' separates clauses; 'alla' means 'but'; 'kai' means 'also' or 'and'; 'aneichesthe' again means 'you endure'; 'mou' again means 'me'.
[2CO.11.2] For I am zealous for you with the zeal of God; I have arranged for you to present a pure virgin to one man, to Christ. [§]
zelo gar humas theou zelo, hermosamen gar humas eni andri parthenon hagnen parasthai to Christo.
'zelo' means 'I am zealous', 'gar' means 'for', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'theou' means 'God' (genitive of the divine name), 'zelo' (second occurrence) means 'zeal', 'hermosamen' means 'I have arranged', 'eni' means 'one', 'andri' means 'man' (dative), 'parthenon' means 'virgin', 'hagnen' means 'pure' or 'chaste', 'parasthai' means 'to present' (infinitive), 'to' means 'to the', and 'Christo' means 'Christ'. The divine name 'theou' is rendered as 'God' according to the literal translation rule.
[2CO.11.3] I am afraid, however, that just as the snake deceived Euan with its cunning, your thoughts may be corrupted from the simplicity and purity of that which is toward the Anointed One. [§]
phoboumai de me pos, hos ho ophis exepatesen Euan en te panourgia autou, phtharei ta noemata humon apo tes haplotetos [kai tes hagnotetos] tes eis ton Christon.
'phoboumai' means 'I fear', 'de' means 'however' or 'but', 'me' means 'lest', 'pos' means 'in case', 'hos' means 'as', 'ho' means 'the', 'ophis' means 'snake', 'exepatesen' means 'deceived', 'Euan' is a proper name, 'en' means 'in', 'te' is a grammatical particle, 'panourgia' means 'cunning' or 'craftiness', 'autou' means 'its', 'phtharei' means 'will perish' or 'will be destroyed', 'ta' means 'the', 'noemata' means 'thoughts' or 'understandings', 'humon' means 'your', 'apo' means 'from', 'tes' means 'the', 'haplotetos' means 'simplicity', 'kai' means 'and', 'hagnotetos' means 'purity', 'tes' again 'the', 'eis' means 'toward' or 'into', 'ton' is the accusative article 'the', 'Christon' is the title 'Christ', which is rendered here as 'the Anointed One' to reflect the divine reference.
[2CO.11.4] If, indeed, the one who is coming preaches another Jesus that we have not proclaimed, or you receive another spirit that you have not received, or another gospel that you have not accepted, you are bearing it well. [§]
ei men gar ho erchomenos allon Iesoun kerusei ho ouk ekeryxamen, e pneuma heteron lambanete ho ouk elabete, e euanggelion heteron ho ouk edexasthē, kalos anechesthe.
'ei' means 'if', 'men' is a particle often rendered 'indeed' or 'then', 'gar' means 'for', 'ho' means 'the', 'erchomenos' means 'coming' (a participle describing one who is coming), 'allon' means 'another', 'Iesoun' is the name Jesus, 'kerusei' means 'preaches' or 'proclaims', 'ho' means 'who' or 'whom', 'ouk' means 'not', 'ekeryxamen' means 'we have proclaimed' (from ekeryxō), 'e' (or 'ē') means 'or', 'pneuma' means 'spirit', 'heteron' means 'another', 'lambanete' means 'you receive', 'elabete' means 'you have received', 'euanggelion' means 'gospel' (good news), 'edexasthē' means 'you accepted' or 'you received', 'kalos' means 'well', and 'anechesthe' means 'you endure' or 'you bear'.
[2CO.11.5] For I reckon that I have not lacked any of the exceedingly many apostles. [§]
Logizomai gar meden hysterekenai ton hyperlian apostolon.
'Logizomai' means 'I reckon' or 'I calculate', 'gar' means 'for', 'meden' means 'nothing' or 'not any', 'hysterekenai' means 'to have been lacking', 'ton' is the genitive plural article meaning 'of the', 'hyperlian' means 'exceedingly' or 'very many', 'apostolon' means 'apostles' (genitive plural).
[2CO.11.6] If even a layperson concerning the word, not with knowledge, but revealing everything in all to you. [§]
ei de kai idiotes to logo, all' ou te gnosei, all' en panti phanerosantes en pasin eis humas.
'ei' means 'if', 'de' means 'however', 'kai' means 'even' or 'also', 'idiotes' means 'layperson' or 'private individual', 'to' is the dative article 'the', 'logo' means 'word', 'all'' (short for 'alla') means 'but', 'ou' means 'not', 'te' is the dative article 'the', 'gnosei' means 'knowledge' (dative), 'en' means 'in', 'panti' means 'everything' (dative), 'phanerosantes' is a participle meaning 'having made visible' or 'revealing', 'en' again means 'in', 'pasin' means 'all' (dative), 'eis' means 'to' or 'into', 'humas' means 'you' (plural).
[2CO.11.7] Or I have committed sin, humbling myself, so that you may be exalted, because I freely proclaimed to you the gospel of God? [§]
Ee hamartian epoiesa emauton tapeinon hina humeis hypsothete hoti dorean to tou theou euangelion eueggelisamen humin?
'Ee' is a conjunction meaning 'or'. 'hamartian' means 'sin' (accusative). 'epoiesa' means 'I have made' or 'I have committed'. 'emauton' means 'myself'. 'tapeinon' is the participle 'humbling' (genitive, 'by humbling'). 'hina' introduces purpose, 'that' or 'so that'. 'humeis' means 'you' (plural). 'hypsothete' is a passive subjunctive meaning 'you may be raised' or 'exalted'. 'hoti' means 'because'. 'dorean' is an adverb meaning 'freely' or 'as a gift'. 'to' is the definite article 'the'. 'tou' is the genitive article 'of the'. 'theou' is the genitive of 'theos', which literally translates as 'God'. 'euangelion' means 'gospel' or 'good news'. 'eueggelisamen' is the aorist middle verb meaning 'I proclaimed' or 'I announced'. 'humin' means 'to you'. The phrase 'tou theou euangelion' therefore translates as 'the gospel of God', with 'theou' rendered as the literal name 'God'.
[2CO.11.8] I have taken other churches, having taken a salary for your ministry. [§]
allas ekkleseias esylesa labon opswnion pros ten humon diakonian
'allas' means 'other' (feminine plural accusative), 'ekkleseias' means 'of the church' (genitive singular), 'esylesa' means 'I have taken' or 'I have plucked', 'labon' means 'having taken', 'opswnion' means 'a salary, allowance, or wages', 'pros' means 'toward' or 'for', 'ten' means 'the' (feminine accusative singular), 'humon' means 'your' (genitive plural), 'diakonian' means 'service' or 'ministry'.
[2CO.11.9] And being with you and having been lacking I did not slack at all; for my deficiency was fully supplied by the brothers who came from Macedonia, and in every way I devoted myself to you and I will keep (guard) it. [§]
kai paron pros humas kai husterethei ou katenarkesa outhenos; to gar hustereima mou prosaneplerosan hoi adelphoi elthontes apo Makedonias, kai en panti abare emauton humin eteraesa kai tereso.
'kai' means 'and', 'paron' means 'present' or 'being with', 'pros' means 'toward' or 'to', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'kai' again means 'and', 'husterethei' means 'having been lacking' or 'being in need', 'ou' means 'not', 'katenarkesa' means 'I have not become numb' or figuratively 'I have not slacked', 'outhenos' means 'of no one' or 'to no one', ';' marks a pause, 'to' means 'for', 'gar' means 'indeed' or 'because', 'hustereima' means 'lack' or 'deficiency', 'mou' means 'my', 'prosaneplerosan' means 'they have fully supplied' or 'they have completely filled', 'hoi' means 'the', 'adelphoi' means 'brothers', 'elthontes' means 'having come', 'apo' means 'from', 'Makedonias' means 'Macedonia', 'kai' means 'and', 'en' means 'in', 'panti' means 'all' or 'every', 'abare' means 'unburdened' or 'without charge', 'emauton' means 'myself', 'humin' means 'to you', 'eteraesa' means 'I have kept' or 'I have guarded', 'kai' means 'and', 'tereso' means 'I will keep' or 'I will guard'.
[2CO.11.10] There is the truth of Christ in me that this boast will not be restrained to me in the regions of Achaia. [§]
estin altheia Christou en emoi hoti he kauchesis haute ou phragesetai eis eme en tois klimasin tes Achaia.
'estin' means 'there is', 'altheia' means 'truth', 'Christou' means 'of Christ', 'en' means 'in', 'emoi' means 'me', 'hoti' means 'that', 'he' means 'the', 'kauchesis' means 'boast' or 'exultation', 'haute' means 'this', 'ou' means 'not', 'phragesetai' means 'will be restrained' or 'will be limited', 'eis' means 'to' or 'in', 'eme' means 'me', 'en' means 'in', 'tois' means 'the', 'klimasin' means 'regions' or 'climates', 'tes' is the genitive article 'of the', 'Achaia' is a proper name of a region in Greece.
[2CO.11.11] Why? Because I do not love you; God knows. [§]
dia ti? hoti ouk agapo humas? ho theos oiden.
'dia' means 'for' or 'because', 'ti' means 'what' or 'why', 'hoti' means 'that' or 'because', 'ouk' means 'not', 'agapo' means 'I love', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'ho' means 'the', 'theos' means 'God', 'oiden' means 'knows'.
[2CO.11.12] What I am doing, and what I will do, is to cut off the spur of those who desire a spur, so that in which they boast they may be found just as we are. [§]
Ho de poio, kai poieso, hina ekkopso ten aformen ton thelonton aformen, hina en ho kaukhontai evrethosin kathos kai hemeis.
'Ho' means 'what' (relative pronoun). 'de' means 'but' or 'and'. 'poio' means 'I do' (present active). 'kai' means 'and'. 'poieso' means 'I will do' (future active). 'hina' means 'so that' or 'in order that'. 'ekkopso' means 'I will cut off' or 'remove'. 'ten' is the accusative article 'the'. 'aformen' means 'occasion' or 'spur'. 'ton' is the genitive article 'of the'. 'thelonton' means 'of those who desire'. 'aformen' repeats 'occasion/spur'. 'hina' again 'so that'. 'en' means 'in'. 'ho' is the dative relative pronoun 'which' (referring to the matter). 'kaukhontai' means 'they boast' or 'they glory'. 'evrethosin' means 'they may be found' (aorist passive subjunctive). 'kathos' means 'just as' or 'as'. 'kai' again 'and'. 'hemeis' means 'we' or 'us'.
[2CO.11.13] For such false apostles, deceitful workers, being transformed into apostles of Christ. [§]
hoi gar toioutoi psevdapostoloi, ergatai dolioi, metaschimatizomenoi eis apostolous Christou.
'hoi' means 'the' (masc plural definite article), 'gar' means 'for', 'toioutoi' means 'such', 'psevdapostoloi' means 'false apostles' (pseud- false + apostoloi apostles), 'ergatai' means 'workers', 'dolioi' means 'deceitful' or 'cunning', 'metaschimatizomenoi' means 'being transformed' (meta- beyond + schēma form + -izomenoi being), 'eis' means 'into', 'apostolous' means 'apostles' (accusative plural), 'Christou' means 'of Christ'.
[2CO.11.14] and no wonder; for the Satan himself is transformed into an angel of light. [§]
kai ou thau ma; autos gar ho satanas metaschematizetai eis angelon photos.
'kai' means 'and', 'ou' means 'not', 'thau ma' (thauma) means 'wonder' or 'surprise', 'autos' means 'he himself', 'gar' means 'for', 'ho' is the definite article 'the', 'satanas' means 'Satan', 'metaschematizetai' means 'is transformed', 'eis' means 'into', 'angelon' means 'angel', 'phot os' means 'of light'.
[2CO.11.15] It is not great then, even if his servants are transformed as servants of righteousness; whose end will be according to their deeds. [§]
ou mega oun ei kai hoi diakonti autou metaschimatizontai hos diakonti dikaiosyne; hon to telos estai kata ta erga auton.
'ou' means 'not', 'mega' means 'great', 'oun' means 'therefore', 'ei' means 'if', 'kai' means 'and', 'hoi' means 'the', 'diakonti' means 'servants' or 'ministers', 'autou' means 'his', 'metaschimatizontai' means 'are transformed' (from metaschēmatizo), 'hos' means 'as', 'diakonti' again 'servants', 'dikaiosyne' means 'righteousness', 'hon' means 'whose', 'to telos' means 'the end', 'estai' means 'will be', 'kata' means 'according to', 'ta erga' means 'the works' or 'deeds', 'auton' means 'them' or 'their'.
[2CO.11.16] Again I say, let no one think me foolish; if indeed not, even if you receive me as a fool, so that I also may boast a little. [§]
Palin lego, me tis me doxe aphrona einai; ei de me ge, kan hos aphrona dexasthe me, hina kago mikron ti kauchesomai.
'Palin' means 'again', 'lego' means 'I say', 'me' (negative particle) means 'let not', 'tis' means 'anyone', 'me' (accusative) means 'me', 'doxe' (subjunctive) means 'think', 'aphrona' means 'foolish', 'einai' means 'to be', ';' separates clauses, 'ei' means 'if', 'de' means 'but', 'me' means 'not', 'ge' is an emphatic particle 'indeed', 'kan' means 'even if', 'hos' means 'as', 'aphrona' again 'foolish', 'dexasthe' means 'receive' (imperative plural), 'me' means 'me', 'hina' means 'so that', 'kago' is a contraction of 'kai ego' meaning 'and I', 'mikron' means 'a little', 'ti' means 'something' or 'a bit', 'kauchesomai' means 'I boast'.
[2CO.11.17] What I speak, I do not speak according to the Lord, but as in wisdom, in this very substance of boasting. [§]
ho laleo, ou kata kyrion laleo all hos en afrosyne, en taute te hypostasei tes kaukheseos.
'ho' means 'what', 'lal eo' means 'I speak', 'ou' means 'not', 'kata' means 'according to', 'kyrion' is the Greek word for 'Lord' and is rendered as 'Lord' per the given rules, 'all' (short for 'alla') means 'but', 'hos' means 'as', 'en' means 'in', 'afrosyne' means 'wisdom' or 'skill', the second 'en' repeats 'in', 'taute' (from 'tautei') means 'this', 'te' (from 'tē') is a grammatical article indicating 'the', 'hypostasei' means 'substance' or 'essence', 'tes' (from 'tēs') is the genitive article 'of the', and 'kaukheseos' means 'boasting' or 'pride'.
[2CO.11.18] Since many boast according to the flesh, I also will boast. [§]
epei polloi kauchontai kata sarka, kai ego kauchesomai.
'epei' means 'since' or 'because', 'polloi' means 'many', 'kauchontai' means 'boast' (present middle/passive), 'kata' means 'according to' or 'in regard to', 'sarka' means 'the flesh', 'kai' means 'and' or 'also', 'ego' means 'I', 'kauchesomai' means 'will boast' (future middle).
[2CO.11.19] For gladly you endure the fools, being wise. [§]
hedeos gar anechesthe ton aphronon phronimoi ontes;
'hedeos' means 'gladly', 'gar' means 'for', 'anechesthe' means 'you endure', 'ton' is the genitive article 'of the', 'aphronon' means 'fools', 'phronimoi' means 'wise', 'ontes' means 'being'. The clause therefore says that the listeners endure the foolish ones while they are wise.
[2CO.11.20] For endure if anyone enslaves you, if anyone devours you, if anyone takes you, if anyone seizes you, if anyone strikes you in the face. [§]
anechesthe gar ei tis humas katadoulōi, ei tis kateshie, ei tis lambanei, ei tis epairētai, ei tis eis prosōpon humas derei.
'anechesthe' means 'endure' (imperative plural), 'gar' means 'for', 'ei' means 'if', 'tis' means 'anyone', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'katadoulōi' means 'enslaves', 'kateshie' means 'devours', 'lambanei' means 'takes' or 'receives', 'epairētai' means 'seizes' or 'carries off', 'eis prosōpon' means 'to the face', 'derei' means 'strikes' or 'slaps'.
[2CO.11.21] I speak in shame, saying that we have become weak. But if anyone dares, in audacity I say, I also dare. [§]
kata atimian lego, hos hoti hemes esthenekamen. En ho de an tis tolmai, en aphrosune lego, tolmo kago.
'kata' means 'according to' or 'in'; 'atimian' means 'dishonor' or 'shame'; 'lego' means 'I say' or 'I speak'; 'hos' means 'as' or 'like'; 'hoti' means 'that'; 'hemes' means 'we'; 'esthenekamen' means 'we have become weak' or 'we have grown feeble'; 'en' means 'in' or 'by'; 'ho' is a relative pronoun meaning 'who' or 'which'; 'de' is a conjunction meaning 'but' or 'and'; 'an' introduces a conditional meaning 'if'; 'tis' means 'anyone' or 'someone'; 'tolmai' means 'dares' or 'has courage'; 'aphrosune' means 'shamelessness' or 'audacity'; 'kago' is a contraction of 'kai ego', meaning 'and I'.
[2CO.11.22] They are Hebrews? And I am. They are Israelites? And I am. They are the seed of Abraham? And I am. [§]
Hebraioi eisin? kago. Israelitai eisin? kago. sperma Abraam eisin? kago.
'Hebraioi' means 'Hebrews', 'eisin' means 'are', 'kago' is a contraction of 'kai ego' meaning 'and I' or 'and I am'. 'Israelitai' means 'Israelites', 'sperma' means 'seed' or 'offspring', 'Abraam' is the name 'Abraham'. The question marks indicate rhetorical questions, followed by the speaker affirming the same identity for himself.
[2CO.11.23] Are they servants of Christ? I speak foolishly, on my own behalf; in labors more, in guards more, in wounds overwhelmingly, in deaths many times. [§]
diakoni Christou eisin; paraphronon lalo, hyper ego; en kopois perissoteros, en phylakai perissoteros, en plegais hyperballontos, en thanatois pollakis.
'diakoni' means 'servants' or 'deacons', 'Christou' means 'of Christ', 'eisin' means 'are', 'paraphronon' means 'speaking foolishly' or 'madly', 'lalo' means 'I speak', 'hyper' means 'on behalf of' or 'for', 'ego' means 'I' or 'myself', 'en' means 'in', 'kopois' means 'labors' or 'toils', 'perissoteros' means 'more' or 'greater', 'phylakai' means 'guards' or 'watchmen', 'plegais' means 'blows' or 'wounds', 'hyperballontos' means 'excessively' or 'overwhelmingly', 'thanatois' means 'deaths', and 'pollakis' means 'many times'.
[2CO.11.24] I received five times forty (200) from a single Jew. [§]
Hypo Ioudaion pentakis tessarakonta para mian elabon
'Hypo' means 'by' or 'under', 'Ioudaion' means 'the Jews', 'pentakis' means 'five times', 'tessarakonta' means 'forty', 'para' means 'from', 'mian' means 'one', 'elabon' means 'I took' or 'I received'. The phrase literally reads 'by the Jews five times forty from one I received', which idiomatically conveys that the speaker received a total of five times forty (200) from a single Jew.
[2CO.11.25] Three times I was bound, once I was stoned, three times I set sail, nighttime I performed in the deep. [§]
tris errabdisthen, hapax elithasthen, tris enaugesa, nykhtheron en to bytho pepoeika.
'tris' means 'three times', 'errabdisthen' is the aorist passive of a verb meaning 'to bind' so it means 'I was bound', 'hapax' means 'once', 'elithasthen' is the aorist passive of a verb meaning 'to stone' so it means 'I was stoned', the second 'tris' again means 'three times', 'enaugesa' is the aorist active of a verb meaning 'to sail' or 'to navigate' so it means 'I set sail', 'nykhtheron' means 'nighttime' or 'during the night', 'en' means 'in', 'to' is the dative article meaning 'the', 'bytho' means 'depth' or 'deep', and 'pepoeika' is the aorist active of 'poieo' meaning 'I did' or 'I performed'.
[2CO.11.26] Many journeys, dangers of rivers, dangers of robbers, dangers from a lineage, dangers from nations, dangers in the city, dangers in the wilderness, dangers in the sea, dangers among false brothers. [§]
hodoiporiais pollakis, kindynois potamon, kindynois leston, kindynois ek genous, kindynois ex ethnon, kindynois en polei, kindynois en eremia, kindynois en thalassei, kindynois en pseudadelphois,
'hodoiporiais' means 'journeys' (dative plural), 'pollakis' means 'many times' or 'often', 'kindynois' means 'dangers' (dative plural), 'potamon' means 'of rivers', 'leston' means 'of robbers', 'ek genous' means 'from a lineage', 'ex ethnon' means 'from nations', 'en polei' means 'in a city', 'en eremia' means 'in a wilderness', 'en thalassei' means 'in the sea', 'en pseudadelphois' means 'among false brothers'.
[2CO.11.27] With hardship and toil, in sleeplessness many times, in famine and want, in fastings many times, in cold and nakedness. [§]
kopoi kai mochtoi, en agrypnaiais pollakis, en limō kai dipsei, en nēsteiais pollakis, en psuchē kai gymnotēti.
'kopoi' means 'hardship' or 'pain', 'kai' means 'and', 'mochtoi' means 'toil' or 'labors', 'en' means 'in' or 'through', 'agrypnaiais' means 'sleeplessness' or 'watchings', 'pollakis' means 'many times' or 'frequently', 'limō' means 'famine' or 'hunger', 'dipsei' means 'want' or 'lack', 'nēsteiais' means 'fastings' or 'abstinences', 'psuchē' means 'cold' or 'chill', 'gymnotēti' means 'nakedness' or 'being unclothed'.
[2CO.11.28] Without the Paraclete, my daily knowledge is the concern of all the churches. [§]
choris ton parektos he epistasis moi he kath hemeran, he merix pason ton ekklesion.
'choris' means 'without', 'ton' means 'the' (genitive plural), 'parektos' means 'paraclete' or 'advocate', 'he' is the feminine article 'the', 'epistasis' means 'knowledge' or 'understanding', 'moi' means 'to me' or 'my', 'he' again is 'the', 'kath' is a contraction of 'each', 'hemeran' means 'day' (accusative), the comma separates clauses, 'he' again is 'the', 'merix' means 'concern' or 'care', 'pason' means 'of all', 'ton' again 'the', 'ekklesion' means 'churches' (genitive plural).
[2CO.11.29] Who weakens and does not become weak? Who is scandalized and I am not burned? [§]
tis asthenei kai ouk astheno; tis skandalizetai kai ouk ego puroomai.
'tis' means 'who'; 'asthenei' is the present active third‑person singular of 'astheneo', meaning 'is weak' or 'weakens'; 'kai' means 'and'; 'ouk' means 'not'; 'astheno' is the first‑person singular of the same verb, meaning 'I am weak' or 'I become weak'; 'skandalizetai' is the present middle/passive third‑person singular of 'skandalizo', meaning 'is scandalized', 'is offended', or 'stumbles'; 'ego' means 'I'; 'puroomai' is the present middle/passive first‑person singular of 'pyroo', meaning 'am burned' or 'am set on fire'. The phrase asks rhetorical questions about weakness and scandal, contrasting the subject with the speaker.
[2CO.11.30] If it is necessary to boast, I will boast of the things of my weakness. [§]
Ei kauchasthai dei, ta tes asthenias mou kauchesomai.
'Ei' means 'if', 'kauchasthai' means 'to boast', 'dei' means 'it is necessary' or 'must', 'ta' means 'the things' (neuter plural), 'tes' means 'of the' (genitive feminine), 'asthenias' means 'weakness', 'mou' means 'my', and 'kauchesomai' means 'I will boast' (future middle).
[2CO.11.31] God and Father of the Lord Jesus knows, the one who is blessed for the ages, that I do not lie. [§]
ho theos kai pater tou kyriou Iesou oiden, ho on eulogetos eis tous aionas, hoti ou pseudomai.
'ho' is the masculine singular nominative article meaning 'the'; 'theos' means 'God'; 'kai' means 'and'; 'pater' means 'Father'; 'tou' is the genitive article meaning 'of the'; 'kyriou' is the genitive form of 'kyrios' meaning 'Lord'; 'Iesou' is the genitive of 'Iesous' meaning 'Jesus'; 'oiden' means 'knows'; 'ho' again 'the'; 'on' is a present participle of 'einai' meaning 'one who is' or 'the one who is'; 'eulogetos' means 'blessed'; 'eis' means 'into' or 'for'; 'tous' is the plural accusative article 'the'; 'aionas' means 'ages' or 'eternities'; 'hoti' means 'that' or 'because'; 'ou' means 'not'; 'pseudomai' means 'I lie' (first person present). According to the given translation rules, 'theos' is rendered as 'God', 'kyrios' as 'Lord', and 'pater' as 'Father'.
[2CO.11.32] In Damascus the ruler Aretas of the king was guarding the city of Damascus to seize me. [§]
en Damaske ho ethnarches Areta tou basileos ephrourei ten polin Damaskenon piasai me.
'en' means 'in', 'Damaske' means 'Damascus', 'ho' is the definite article 'the', 'ethnarches' means 'ruler' or 'chief of the nation', 'Areta' is a proper name (Aretas), 'tou' means 'of the', 'basileos' means 'king', 'ephrourei' means 'was guarding' or 'was watching', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'polin' means 'city', 'Damaskenon' means 'of Damascus' (the city of the Damascenes), 'piasai' means 'to seize', 'me' means 'me'.
[2CO.11.33] And through a door in a sack I was broken by the wall and I escaped his hands. [§]
kai dia thyridos en sarganei echalasten dia tou teichous kai exefygon tas kheiras autou.
'kai' means 'and', 'dia' means 'through' or 'by', 'thyridos' is the genitive of 'door' meaning 'of a door', 'en' means 'in', 'sarganei' is the dative of 'sargane' meaning 'a sack' or 'bag', 'echalasten' is the aorist passive of 'chalazo' meaning 'I was broken' or 'I was loosened', 'dia' again means 'through' or 'by', 'tou' is the definite article genitive 'the', 'teichous' is the genitive of 'wall' meaning 'of the wall', 'kai' again means 'and', 'exefygon' is the aorist active of 'exefygo' meaning 'I escaped' or 'I fled', 'tas' is the accusative feminine plural article 'the', 'kheiras' is the accusative plural of 'hand' meaning 'hands', 'autou' is the genitive singular masculine pronoun meaning 'his'.
2CO.12
[2CO.12.1] One must boast, not fitting indeed, but I will go into visions and revelations of the Lord. [§]
Kauchastai dei, ou sympheron men, eleusomai de eis optasiai kai apokalypses kyriou.
'Kauchastai' means 'to boast', 'dei' means 'must' or 'it is necessary', 'ou' means 'not', 'sympheron' means 'fitting' or 'appropriate', 'men' is a particle often rendered 'indeed' or 'on the contrary', 'eleusomai' means 'I will go' or 'I shall come', 'de' means 'but' or 'however', 'eis' means 'into', 'optasiai' means 'visions' (plural of 'optasia'), 'kai' means 'and', 'apokalypses' means 'revelations' (plural of 'apokalypsis'), 'kyriou' is the genitive of 'Kyrios' which we translate as 'Lord', thus 'of the Lord'.
[2CO.12.2] I know a man in Christ before sixteen years, whether in the body I do not know, whether outside the body I do not know; the God knows, having snatched such up to the third heaven. [§]
oida anthropon en Christoi pro eton dekatessaroon, eite en somati ouk oida, eite ekto tou somatos ouk oida, ho theos oiden, harpagenta ton toiouton heos tritou ouranou.
'oida' means 'I know', 'anthropon' means 'a man/person', 'en' means 'in', 'Christoi' is the dative of 'Christ' meaning 'in Christ', 'pro' means 'before', 'eton' means 'years', 'dekatessaroon' means 'sixteen', 'eite' means 'whether', 'somati' is dative of 'body' meaning 'in the body', 'ouk' means 'not', 'ekto' means 'outside', 'tou' is the definite article 'the', 'somatos' is genitive of 'body' meaning 'of the body', 'ho' is the article 'the', 'theos' means 'God' (translated literally as 'God'), 'oiden' means 'knows', 'harpagenta' means 'snatched' or 'taken up', 'ton' is the article 'the', 'toiouton' means 'such', 'heos' means 'until', 'tritou' is genitive of 'third' meaning 'of the third', 'ouranou' is genitive of 'heaven' meaning 'of heaven'.
[2CO.12.3] And I know such a person; whether in a body or apart from the body I do not know, God knows. [§]
kai oida ton toiouton anthropon, eite en somati eite choris tou somatos ouk oida, ho theos oiden,
'kai' means 'and', 'oida' means 'I know', 'ton' is the masculine accusative article meaning 'the', 'toiouton' means 'such' or 'of that kind', 'anthropon' means 'person' or 'man', 'eite' means 'whether', repeated to set up a contrast, 'en somati' means 'in a body', 'choris tou somatos' means 'apart from the body' or 'without the body', 'ouk' means 'not', the second 'oida' again means 'I know', 'ho theos' means 'the God' (here rendered as 'God'), and 'oiden' means 'knows'. The clause therefore says that the speaker knows such a person but does not know whether he is in a body or not, and that God knows.
[2CO.12.4] Because he was taken into the Paradise and he heard unspeakable words that no man could speak. [§]
hoti erapage eis ton paradison kai ekousen arreta rhemata ha ouk exon anthropoi lalesai.
'hoti' means 'because', 'erapage' (from herpagē) means 'was taken away', 'eis' means 'into', 'ton paradison' means 'the Paradise', 'kai' means 'and', 'ekousen' means 'he heard', 'arreta' (from arretar) means 'unspeakable' or 'ineffable', 'rhemata' means 'words', 'ha' means 'that which', 'ouk' means 'not', 'exon' means 'possible', 'anthropoi' is dative 'to a man', 'lalesai' means 'to speak'.
[2CO.12.5] I will boast about such a thing, but I will not boast about myself unless in the weaknesses. [§]
hyper tou toioutou kauchesomai, hyper de emautou ou kauchesomai ei me en tais astheneiais.
'hyper' means 'over' or 'about', 'tou' means 'the' (genitive masculine singular), 'toioutou' means 'such' (genitive masculine singular), 'kauchesomai' means 'I will boast', 'de' means 'but' or 'however', 'emautou' means 'myself' (genitive), 'ou' means 'not', 'ei' means 'if', 'me' means 'unless', 'en' means 'in', 'tais' means 'the' (dative plural), 'astheneiais' means 'weaknesses' (dative plural).
[2CO.12.6] If indeed I choose to boast, I will not be a fool, for I will speak the truth; but I refrain, lest anyone consider me on account of what he sees me or hears [something] out of me. [§]
Ean gar theleso kauchēsasthai, ouk esomai aferon, aletheian gar ero; feidomai de, me tis eis eme logistētai hyper ho blepei me e akoue [ti] ex emou
'Ean' means 'if', 'gar' means 'for' or 'indeed', 'theleso' means 'I will want' or 'I will choose', 'kauchēsasthai' means 'to boast', 'ouk' means 'not', 'esomai' means 'I will be', 'aferon' means 'foolish' or 'a fool', 'aletheian' means 'truth', 'gar' again means 'for', 'ero' means 'I will say' or 'I will speak', 'feidomai' means 'I refrain' or 'I hold back', 'de' is a conjunctive particle often rendered 'but', 'me' means 'lest' or 'so that not', 'tis' means 'anyone', 'eis' means 'into' or 'about', 'eme' means 'me', 'logistētai' means 'may consider' or 'may reckon', 'hyper' means 'on account of' or 'because of', 'ho' means 'what' (relative pronoun), 'blepei' means 'he/she/it sees', 'me' means 'me', 'e' means 'or', 'akoue' means 'hears', '[ti]' is an uncertain word meaning 'something', 'ex' means 'out of' or 'from', 'emou' means 'me' or 'myself'. No divine name appears in this verse, so no special name translation is needed.
[2CO.12.7] and in the excess of the revelations. therefore so that I may not be exalted, a scourge was given to me in the flesh, an angel Satan, so that he may bury me, so that I may not be exalted. [§]
kai tei hyperbolei ton apokalypsen. dio hina me hyperairōmai, edothē moi skolos tei sarki, angelos satanā, hina me kolaphizē, hina me hyperairōmai.
'kai' means 'and', 'tei' is the dative singular article 'the', 'hyperbolei' means 'excess' or 'exaggeration', 'ton' means 'of the', 'apokalypsen' means 'revelations', 'dio' means 'therefore', 'hina' means 'that' or 'so that', 'me' means 'not', 'hyperairōmai' means 'I am lifted up' or 'I am exalted', 'edothē' means 'was given', 'moi' means 'to me', 'skolos' means 'a scourge' or 'whip', 'tei' again 'the', 'sarki' means 'flesh', 'angelos' means 'angel', 'satanā' means 'Satan', 'kolaphizē' means 'may bury' or 'may inter', and the final 'hina me hyperairōmai' repeats 'so that I may not be exalted'.
[2CO.12.8] Because of this, I called the Lord three times so that he might depart from me. [§]
hyper toutou tris ton kyrios parekalesa hina apostei ap' emou.
'hyper' means 'because of' or 'for', 'toutou' means 'this', 'tris' means 'three times', 'ton kyrios' means 'the Lord' (kyrios is translated as 'Lord'), 'parekalesa' means 'I called' or 'I summoned', 'hina' means 'that' or 'so that', 'apostei' means 'he/she/it may depart' (from the verb apostello), 'ap' emou' means 'from me'.
[2CO.12.9] and he told me, My grace is enough for you, for my strength is completed in weakness. Therefore I will be most delighted to boast in my weaknesses, so that the power of Christ may dwell upon me. [§]
kai eirēken moi: arkei soi hē charis mou, hē gar dynamis en astheneia teleitai. hēdista oun mallon kauchesomai en tais astheneiais mou, hina episkeinosē ep' eme hē dynamis tou Christou.
'kai' means 'and', 'eirēken' means 'said/told', 'moi' means 'to me', 'arkei' means 'is enough', 'soi' means 'for you', 'hē' is the article 'the', 'charis' means 'grace', 'mou' means 'my', 'gar' means 'for', 'dynamis' means 'strength/power', 'en' means 'in', 'astheneia' means 'weakness', 'teleitai' means 'is completed/perfected', 'hēdista' means 'therefore I will be most delighted', 'oun' means 'therefore', 'mallon' means 'more', 'kauchesomai' means 'to boast', 'en' means 'in', 'tais' is the article 'the' (plural), 'astheneiais' means 'weaknesses', 'mou' means 'my', 'hina' means 'that/so that', 'episkeinosē' means 'may dwell', 'ep'' means 'upon', 'eme' means 'me', 'tou' means 'of the', 'Christou' means 'Christ'. The divine name 'Christ' is a title meaning 'the Anointed One', but is left as 'Christ' per the source text.
[2CO.12.10] Therefore I am willing in weaknesses, in insults, in necessities, in persecutions and distress, for Christ; for when I am weak, then I am strong. [§]
dio eutoko en astheneiais, en hybresin, en anankais, en diogmois kai stenochoriais, hyper Christou; hotan gar astheno, tote dynamos eimi.
'dio' means 'therefore', 'eutoko' means 'I am pleased' or 'I am willing', 'en' means 'in', 'astheneiais' means 'weaknesses', 'hybresin' means 'insults' or 'abuses', 'anankais' means 'necessities' or 'needs', 'diogmois' means 'persecutions', 'kai' means 'and', 'stenochoriais' means 'distress' or 'afflictions', 'hyper' means 'for the sake of', 'Christou' means 'Christ', 'hotan' means 'when', 'gar' means 'for', 'astheno' means 'I am weak', 'tote' means 'then', 'dynamos' means 'strong' or 'powerful', 'eimi' means 'I am'.
[2CO.12.11] I have become foolish, you forced me. For I was obliged by you to stand together; for I lacked nothing of the exceedingly apostles even if I am nothing. [§]
Gegona afron, hymeis me enakasate. ego gar opheilon hyph' humon sunistathai; ouden gar husteres a ton hyperlian apostolon ei kai ouden eimi.
'Gegona' means 'I have become', 'afron' means 'foolish', 'hymeis' means 'you (plural)', 'me' means 'me', 'enakasate' means 'you forced', 'ego' means 'I', 'gar' means 'for', 'opheilon' means 'I was obliged', 'hyph'' means 'by', 'humon' means 'you', 'sunistathai' means 'to stand together', 'ouden' means 'nothing', 'husteres' means 'I lacked', 'ton' means 'the', 'hyperlian' means 'exceedingly', 'apostolon' means 'apostles', 'ei' means 'if', 'kai' means 'and', 'eimi' means 'I am'.
[2CO.12.12] The signs of the apostle were performed among you in all perseverance, signs also and wonders and powers. [§]
ta men semeia tou apostolou kateirgasthe en humin en pasei hupomonei, semeiosis te kai terasin kai dunamesin.
'ta' means 'the' (neuter plural), 'men' means 'indeed' or 'on the one hand', 'semeia' means 'signs', 'tou' means 'of the', 'apostolou' means 'apostle', 'kateirgasthe' means 'were accomplished' or 'were performed', 'en' means 'in' or 'among', 'humin' means 'you (plural, dative)', 'pasei' means 'all' or 'every', 'hupomonei' means 'perseverance' or 'endurance', 'semeiosis' means 'signs' (dative plural), 'te' means 'also' or 'and', 'kai' means 'and', 'terasin' means 'wonders' or 'marvels', 'dunamesin' means 'powers' (plural dative).
[2CO.12.13] For what indeed is it that you have become despised before the other churches, if not that I myself have not condemned you? Grant to me this injustice. [§]
ti gar estin ho hessothēte hyper tas loipas ekklēsias, ei mē hoti autos egō ou katonarkēsa humōn; charisasthe moi tēn adikian tautēn.
'ti' means 'what', 'gar' means 'for', 'estin' means 'is', 'ho' means 'that/which', 'hessothēte' means 'you have become low or despised', 'hyper' means 'before/above', 'tas' means 'the (feminine plural accusative)', 'loipas' means 'the remaining or other', 'ekklēsias' means 'churches', 'ei' means 'if', 'mē' means 'not', 'hoti' means 'that', 'autos' means 'I myself', 'egō' means 'I', 'ou' means 'not', 'katonarkēsa' means 'I have condemned or slandered', 'humōn' means 'you (plural)', 'charisasthe' means 'grant', 'moi' means 'to me', 'tēn' means 'the (feminine accusative)', 'adikian' means 'injustice', 'tautēn' means 'this'.
[2CO.12.14] Behold, I have this third ready to come to you, and I will not be negligent; for I do not seek your things but you. For the children do not owe the parents to hoard, but the parents owe to the children. [§]
Idou triton touto hetoimos echo elthein pros humas, kai ou katanarkeso; ou gar zeto ta humon all humas. ou gar opheilei ta tekna tois goneusin thesaurizein all hoi goneis tois teknos.
"Idou" means "Behold", "triton" means "the third", "touto" means "this", "hetoimos" means "ready", "echo" means "I have", "elthein" means "to come", "pros" means "to/toward", "humas" means "you (plural)", "kai" means "and", "ou" means "not", "katanarkeso" means "I will be negligent", "gar" means "for", "zeto" means "I seek", "ta" means "the things", "humon" means "of you", "all" means "but", "humas" means "you", "opheilei" means "owes", "tekna" means "children", "tois" means "to the", "goneusin" means "parents", "thesaurizein" means "to hoard", "hoi" means "the", "goneis" means "parents", "teknos" means "children".
[2CO.12.15] But I will spend most gladly and be spent for the sake of your souls. If I love you more, am I less loved? [§]
ego de hedista dapaneso kai ekdapanethesomai hyper ton psychon humon. ei perissoteros humas agapon, hesson agapomai?
'ego' means 'I', 'de' means 'but', 'hedista' means 'most gladly', 'dapaneso' means 'will spend', 'kai' means 'and', 'ekdapanethesomai' means 'will be spent out', 'hyper' means 'for the sake of', 'ton' means 'the', 'psychon' means 'souls', 'humon' means 'your', 'ei' means 'if', 'perissoteros' means 'more', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'agapon' means 'loving', 'hesson' means 'less', 'agapomai' means 'I am loved'.
[2CO.12.16] But let it be, I did not bring you down; rather, being a worthless deceiver, I seized you. [§]
Esto de, ego ou katesareesa humas; all hyparchon panourgos dole humas elabon.
'Esto' means 'let it be' or 'so be it', 'de' means 'but' or 'however', 'ego' means 'I', 'ou' means 'not', 'katesareesa' means 'I did not bring down' (from the verb katabaino), 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'all' is the shortened form of 'alla' meaning 'but', 'hyparchon' means 'being present' or 'existing', 'panourgos' means 'worthless' or 'evil', 'dole' means 'by deceit' (from dolos), and 'elabon' means 'I took' or 'I seized'.
[2CO.12.17] Is it not some of those I sent to you, through him, that I have multiplied among you? [§]
me tina hon apestalka pros humas, di autou epleonekthesa humas;
'me' means 'not' (negative particle), 'tina' means 'any' (accusative of indefinite pronoun), 'hon' means 'of whom' (genitive plural relative pronoun), 'apestalka' means 'I have sent', 'pros' means 'to/toward', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'di' means 'through' (preposition 'dia' with elision), 'autou' means 'him' or 'it' (genitive singular), 'epleonekthesa' means 'I have increased' or 'I have multiplied', and the final 'humas' again means 'you (plural)'.
[2CO.12.18] I invited Titus and sent his brother; why did you acquire Titus? We did not walk with the same spirit; we did not follow the same tracks. [§]
parekalesa Titon kai synapesteila ton adelphon; methi epleonektesen humas Titos? ou toi autoi pneumati periepatasamen; ou tois autois ichnesin?
'parekalesa' means 'I invited', 'Titon' is the name 'Titus', 'kai' means 'and', 'synapesteila' means 'I sent together', 'ton' means 'the', 'adelphon' means 'brother', 'methi' means 'why', 'epleonektesen' means 'did you acquire/gain', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'Titos' repeats the name 'Titus', 'ou' means 'not', 'toi' means 'the', 'autoi' means 'same', 'pneumati' means 'spirit', 'periepatasamen' means 'we walked around', 'tois' means 'the', 'autois' means 'same', 'ichnesin' means 'traces' or 'tracks'.
[2CO.12.19] Formerly you thought that we were defending ourselves to you. In the presence of God in Christ we speak; and all things, beloved, for the building up of you. [§]
Palai dokeite hoti humin apologoume tha. kate nanti theou en Christo laloumen; ta de panta, agapetoi, huper tes humon oikodomes.
'Palai' means 'formerly' or 'long ago', 'dokeite' means 'you think' or 'you seem', 'hoti' means 'that', 'humin' means 'to you', 'apologoume tha' means 'we are making a defense' (i.e., we are defending ourselves), 'kate nanti' means 'in the presence of' or 'before', 'theou' means 'of God' (translated literally as 'God'), 'en Christo' means 'in Christ', 'laloumen' means 'we speak', 'ta de panta' means 'and all things' or 'but everything', 'agapetoi' means 'beloved', 'huper tes humon' means 'for the sake of your', and 'oikodomes' means 'building up' or 'construction'. The divine name 'theou' is rendered as 'God' following the literal translation rule for divine names.
[2CO.12.20] For I fear lest, having come, I will not find you as I wish, and that I may be found by you in a way you do not desire; lest there be quarrel, jealousy, anger, disputes, idle chatter, whisperings, slander, and disorder. [§]
phoboumai gar mepos elthon ouch hoious thelo heuro hymas kago heuretho humin hoion ou thelete mepos eris zelos thymoi eritheiai katalaliai psithyrismoi phusioses akatasastiai
'phoboumai' means 'I fear'; 'gar' means 'for' or 'because'; 'mepos' means 'lest' or 'that perhaps'; 'elthon' means 'having come' or 'when I come'; 'ouch' means 'not' or 'no'; 'hoious' means 'the kind of' or 'as [I] would like'; 'thelo' means 'I wish'; 'heuro' means 'I find' or 'I discover'; 'hymas' means 'you (plural)'; 'kago' means 'and I' (contraction of 'kai ego'); 'heuretho' means 'I may be found' or 'I may become known'; 'humin' means 'to you (plural)'; 'hoion' means 'in a way' or 'as'; 'ou' means 'not'; 'thelete' means 'you desire' or 'you want'; 'eris' means 'quarrel' or 'contention'; 'zelos' means 'jealousy' or 'zeal'; 'thymoi' means 'wraths' or 'anger'; 'eritheiai' means 'disputes' or 'contentions'; 'katalaliai' means 'idle talk' or 'frivolous chatter'; 'psithyrismoi' means 'whisperings' or 'murmurs'; 'phusioses' means 'malicious rumors' or 'slander'; 'akatasastiai' means 'disorder' or 'chaos'.
[2CO.12.21] Do not again, when I have come, let my God humble me toward you, and I will mourn many of those who spoke before and did not repent concerning the uncleanness, prostitution, and indecency which they have done. [§]
me palin elthontos mou tapeinosi me ho theos mou pros humas kai pentheso pollous ton proemartekonton kai me metanoesan epi te akatharsia kai porneia kai aselegia hei epraksan.
'me' means 'not', 'palin' means 'again', 'elthontos' means 'having come', 'mou' means 'my', 'tapeinosi' means 'humble', 'me' means 'me', 'ho' means 'the', 'theos' means 'God', 'mou' means 'my', 'pros' means 'toward', 'humas' means 'you (plural)', 'kai' means 'and', 'pentheso' means 'I will mourn', 'pollous' means 'many', 'ton' means 'of the', 'proemartekonton' means 'those who have spoken before', 'kai' means 'and', 'me' means 'not', 'metanoesan' means 'repented', 'epi' means 'concerning', 'te' means 'the', 'akatharsia' means 'uncleanness', 'kai' means 'and', 'porneia' means 'prostitution', 'kai' means 'and', 'aselegia' means 'indecency', 'hei' means 'which', 'epraksan' means 'they have done'.
2CO.13
[2CO.13.1] Third, this I am coming to you; by the mouth of two witnesses and three, every word shall be established. [§]
Trinton touto erchomai pros hymas; epi stomatos duo marturon kai trion stathesetai pan rhema.
'Trinton' means 'Third', 'touto' means 'this', 'erchomai' means 'I am coming', 'pros' means 'to/toward', 'hymas' means 'you (plural)', 'epi' means 'by/on', 'stomatos' means 'mouth', 'duo' means 'two', 'marturon' means 'witnesses', 'kai' means 'and', 'trion' means 'three', 'stathesetai' means 'shall be established/stand', 'pan' means 'all/every', 'rhema' means 'word'. The phrase 'epi stomatos duo marturon kai trion' is an idiom meaning 'according to the testimony of two witnesses and three', i.e., by the testimony of multiple witnesses. The verse is a concluding statement about the authority of the spoken word.
[2CO.13.2] I have spoken and I say, as one who is present the second time and departing now, to those who have previously sinned and to all the others, that if I come again I will not be merciful. [§]
proeireka kai prolego, hos paron to deutero kai apon nun, tois proemartekosin kai tois loipois pasin, hoti ean eltho eis to palin ou feisomai.
'proeireka' means 'I have spoken beforehand', 'kai' means 'and', 'prolego' means 'I am saying', 'hos' means 'as', 'paron' means 'present', 'to' means 'the', 'deutero' means 'second', 'kai' means 'and', 'apon' means 'departing', 'nun' means 'now', 'tois' means 'to the', 'proemartekosin' means 'those who have previously sinned', 'loipois' means 'the others', 'pasin' means 'all', 'hoti' means 'that', 'ean' means 'if', 'eltho' means 'I come', 'eis' means 'into/again', 'palin' means 'again', 'ou' means 'not', 'feisomai' means 'I will be merciful'.
[2CO.13.3] Since you seek a trial of the Christ who is speaking in me, who does not become weak toward you but rather empowers you in your midst. [§]
epei dokimen zetete tou en emoi lalountos Christou, hos eis humas ouk asthenei alla dynamei en humin.
'epei' means 'since' or 'when', 'dokimen' means 'trial' or 'test', 'zetete' means 'you seek', 'tou' is the genitive article meaning 'of the', 'en' means 'in', 'emoi' means 'me', 'lalountos' is a participle meaning 'speaking', 'Christou' means 'of Christ', 'hos' means 'who', 'eis' means 'to' or 'toward', 'humas' means 'you' (plural), 'ouk' means 'not', 'asthenei' means 'is weak' or 'does not weaken', 'alla' means 'but', 'dynamei' means 'strengthens' or 'empowers', 'en' means 'in', 'humin' means 'you' (plural, dative).
[2CO.13.4] For he was crucified from weakness, but lives from the power of God. For we are weak in him, but we will live with him by the power of God to you. [§]
kai gar estaurothe ex astheneias, alla zei ek dunameos theou. kai gar hemeis asthenoumen en auto, alla zēsomen syn auto ek dunameos theou eis humas.
'kai' means 'and', 'gar' means 'for', 'estaurothe' means 'was crucified', 'ex' means 'from', 'astheneias' means 'weakness', 'alla' means 'but', 'zei' means 'lives', 'ek' means 'from', 'dunameos' means 'power', 'theou' means 'of God', 'hemeis' means 'we', 'asthenoumen' means 'are weak', 'en' means 'in', 'auto' means 'him/it', 'zēsomen' means 'will live', 'syn' means 'with', 'eis' means 'to', 'humas' means 'you (plural)'.
[2CO.13.5] You test yourselves if you are in the faith, you examine yourselves; or do you not recognize yourselves that Jesus Christ is in you? If not, you are unapproved. [§]
Heautous peirazete ei este en te pistei, heautous dokimazete; e ouk epiginoste heauton hoti Iesous Christos en humin? ei miti adokimoi este.
'Heautous' means 'yourself' (accusative plural), 'peirazete' means 'you test' or 'you try', 'ei' means 'if', 'este' means 'you are', 'en' means 'in', 'te' is the article 'the', 'pistei' means 'faith', 'heautous' again 'yourself', 'dokimazete' means 'you examine', 'e' means 'or', 'ouk' means 'not', 'epiginoste' means 'you recognize', 'heauton' means 'yourself' (genitive), 'hoti' means 'that', 'Iesous' is the name 'Jesus', 'Christos' means 'Christ' (the Anointed One), 'en' means 'in', 'humin' means 'you (plural)', 'ei' means 'if', 'miti' means 'not', 'adokimoi' means 'disapproved' or 'unapproved', 'este' means 'you are'.
[2CO.13.6] I hope, however, that you will know that we are not worthless. [§]
elpizo de hoti gnosesthe hoti hemeis ouk esmen adokimoi.
'elpizo' means 'I hope', 'de' means 'however' or 'but', 'hoti' means 'that' (introducing a clause), 'gnosesthe' is the second person plural future of 'to know', meaning 'you will know', the second 'hoti' again means 'that', 'hemeis' means 'we', 'ouk' means 'not', 'esmen' is the first person plural present of 'to be', meaning 'we are', and 'adokimoi' means 'unprofitable' or 'worthless', often describing something without value.
[2CO.13.7] We pray to God that we do not do any evil to you, not so that we appear approved, but so that you do the good, while we are unapproved. [§]
euchometha de pros ton theon me poiesai humas kakon meiden, ouch hina hemeis dokimoi fanomen, all' hina humeis to kalon poiete, hemeis de hos adokimoi omen.
'euchometha' means 'we pray', 'de' means 'but' or 'however', 'pros' means 'to', 'ton' is the accusative article 'the', 'theon' means 'God', 'me' means 'not', 'poiesai' means 'to do', 'humas' means 'you (plural) as object', 'kakon' means 'evil' or 'bad', 'meiden' means 'nothing', 'ouch' means 'not', 'hina' means 'that', 'hemeis' means 'we', 'dokimoi' means 'approved' or 'worthy', 'fanomen' means 'appear' or 'be seen', 'all'' is a contraction of 'alla' meaning 'but', 'humeis' means 'you (plural)', 'to' means 'the', 'kalon' means 'good', 'poiete' means 'you do', 'hos' means 'as', 'adokimoi' means 'unapproved' or 'unworthy', 'omen' means 'we may be'.
[2CO.13.8] For we are not able to do anything according to the truth, but rather for the truth. [§]
ou gar dunametha ti kata tes aletheias all hyper tes aletheias.
'ou' means 'not', 'gar' means 'for' or 'because', 'dunametha' means 'we are able' (first person plural of 'dynamai'), 'ti' means 'something' or 'any', 'kata' means 'according to', 'tes' is the genitive feminine article 'of the', 'aletheias' means 'truth', 'all' (short for alll') means 'but', 'hyper' means 'for the sake of' or 'beyond', 'tes aletheias' again means 'of the truth'.
[2CO.13.9] We rejoice, for when we are weak, you were strong; this also we pray, your preparation. [§]
chairomen gar hotan hemeis asthenomen, humeis de dunatoi ete; touto kai euchometha, ten humon katartisin.
'chairomen' means 'we rejoice', 'gar' means 'for', 'hotan' means 'when', 'hemeis' means 'we', 'asthenomen' means 'are weak', 'humeis' means 'you (plural)', 'de' means 'however', 'dunatoi' means 'strong' or 'able', 'ete' means 'you were', 'touto' means 'this', 'kai' means 'and', 'euchometha' means 'we pray', 'ten' is the accusative article 'the', 'humon' means 'your', 'katartisin' means 'preparation' or 'order'.
[2CO.13.10] Because of this I write these things, having gone away, so that while I am present I may not use immediately according to the authority which the Lord gave me for building and not for demolition. [§]
Dia touto tauta apoon grapho, hina paroon me apotomōs chrēstomai kata tēn exousian hēn ho kyrios edōken moi eis oikodōmen kai ouk eis kathairesin.
'Dia' means 'because of' or 'for this reason', 'touto' means 'this', 'tauta' means 'these things', 'apoon' means 'having gone away' or 'departing', 'grapho' means 'I write', 'hina' introduces purpose 'so that', 'paroon' means 'while I am present', 'me' means 'not', 'apotomōs' means 'immediately' or 'without delay', 'chrēstomai' means 'I may use', 'kata' means 'according to', 'tēn' is the article 'the', 'exousian' means 'authority', 'hēn' means 'which', 'ho kyrios' means 'the Lord', 'edōken' means 'gave', 'moi' means 'to me', 'eis' means 'for' or 'into', 'oikodōmen' means 'building' or 'construction', 'kai' means 'and', 'ouk' means 'not', 'eis' again 'for', 'kathairesin' means 'demolition' or 'destruction'. The name 'kyrios' is rendered literally as 'Lord' per the translation guidelines.
[2CO.13.11] So, brothers, rejoice, be established, be encouraged, think the same, keep peace, and the God of love and peace will be with you. [§]
Loipon, adelphoi, chairete, katartizesthe, parakaleisthe, to auto phronete, eirineuete, kai ho theos tes agapes kai eirenes estai meth humon.
'Loipon' means 'therefore' or 'so'. 'adelphoi' means 'brothers'. 'chairete' is a command meaning 'rejoice' or 'be glad'. 'katartizesthe' is a passive imperative meaning 'be established' or 'be built up'. 'parakaleisthe' is a passive imperative meaning 'be encouraged' or 'exhort one another'. 'to' is the neuter article 'the'. 'auto' means 'the same' or 'one another'. 'phronete' is a plural imperative of 'phreno' meaning 'think' or 'be of one mind'. 'eirineuete' is a plural imperative of the verb 'eirineuo' meaning 'keep peace' or 'make peace'. 'kai' means 'and'. 'ho' is the masculine article 'the'. 'theos' means 'God' (translated literally as 'God' per the given list). 'tes' is the genitive feminine article 'of the'. 'agapes' means 'love' (genitive singular). 'eirene's' means 'peace' (genitive singular). 'estai' is the future middle indicative of 'to be', meaning 'will be'. 'meth' is the preposition 'with' shortened before a vowel. 'humon' is the genitive plural of 'you', meaning 'with you'. The phrase 'ho theos tes agapes kai eirene's' therefore reads 'the God of love and peace'.
[2CO.13.12] Greet one another with a holy kiss. The holy ones all greet you. [§]
aspasasthe allelous en hagio philemati. aspazontai humas hoi hagioi pantes.
"aspasasthe" means "greet (you all)"; "allelous" means "one another"; "en" means "in"; "hagio" means "holy"; "philemati" means "kiss (dative)"; "aspazontai" means "they greet"; "humas" means "you (plural)"; "hoi" means "the"; "hagioi" means "holy (ones)"; "pantes" means "all".
[2CO.13.13] The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ and the love of God and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit with all of you. [§]
He charis tou kyriou Iesou Christou kai he agape tou theou kai he koinonia tou hagiou pneumatos meta panton humon.
'He' means 'the', 'charis' means 'grace', 'tou' means 'of the', 'kyriou' means 'Lord' (translated as Lord), 'Iesou' means 'Jesus', 'Christou' means 'Christ', 'kai' means 'and', 'agape' means 'love', 'theou' means 'God' (translated as God), 'koinonia' means 'fellowship' or 'communion', 'hagiou' means 'holy', 'pneumatos' means 'spirit', 'meta' means 'with', 'panton' means 'all', 'humon' means 'of you' (you plural).